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Sun J, Deng X, Zhu L, Lin J, Chen G, Tang Y, Lu S, Lu Z, Meng Z, Li Y, Zhu Y. Zona incerta mediates early life isoflurane-induced fear memory deficits. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15136. [PMID: 38956153 PMCID: PMC11220074 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The potential long-term effects of anesthesia on cognitive development, especially in neonates and infants, have raised concerns. However, our understanding of its underlying mechanisms and effective treatments is still limited. In this study, we found that early exposure to isoflurane (ISO) impaired fear memory retrieval, which was reversed by dexmedetomidine (DEX) pre-treatment. Measurement of c-fos expression revealed that ISO exposure significantly increased neuronal activation in the zona incerta (ZI). Fiber photometry recording showed that ZI neurons from ISO mice displayed enhanced calcium activity during retrieval of fear memory compared to the control group, while DEX treatment reduced this enhanced calcium activity. Chemogenetic inhibition of ZI neurons effectively rescued the impairments caused by ISO exposure. These findings suggest that the ZI may play a pivotal role in mediating the cognitive effects of anesthetics, offering a potential therapeutic target for preventing anesthesia-related cognitive impairments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Xiaofei Deng
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Jianbang Lin
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Gaowei Chen
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yong Tang
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shanshan Lu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhonghua Lu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhiqiang Meng
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yuantao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, 518028, China.
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, China.
| | - Yingjie Zhu
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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2
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Arboit A, Krautwald K, Angenstein F. Hemodynamic responses in the rat hippocampus are simultaneously controlled by at least two independently acting neurovascular coupling mechanisms. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2024; 44:896-910. [PMID: 38087890 PMCID: PMC11318394 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231221039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
We combined electrical perforant pathway stimulation with electrophysiological and fMRI recordings in the hippocampus to investigate the effects of neuronal afterdischarges (nAD) on subsequent fMRI BOLD signals in the presence of isoflurane and medetomidine. These two drugs already alter basal hemodynamics in the hippocampus, with isoflurane being mildly vasodilatory and medetomidine being mildly vasoconstrictive. The perforant pathway was stimulated once for 8 seconds with either continuous 20 Hz pulses (continuous stimulation) or 8 bursts of 20 high-frequency pulses (burst stimulation). Burst stimulation in the presence of medetomidine elicited long-lasting nAD that coincided with a brief positive BOLD response and a subsequent long-lasting decrease in BOLD signals. Under isoflurane, this stimulation elicited only short-lasting nAD and only a short-lasting decline in BOLD signals. In contrast, continuous stimulation under isoflurane and medetomidine caused a similar duration of nAD. Under isoflurane, this caused only a sharp and prolonged decline in BOLD signals, whereas under medetomidine, again, only a brief positive BOLD response was elicited, followed by a shorter and moderate decline in BOLD signals. Our results suggest that nAD simultaneously activate different neurovascular coupling mechanisms that then independently alter local hemodynamics in the hippocampus, resulting in an even more complex neurovascular coupling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Arboit
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Deutsches Zentrum für neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Karla Krautwald
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Deutsches Zentrum für neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frank Angenstein
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Deutsches Zentrum für neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE), Magdeburg, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology (LIN), Magdeburg, Germany
- Center for Behavior and Brain Sciences (CBBS), Magdeburg, Germany
- Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
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3
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Le TT, Im GH, Lee CH, Choi SH, Kim SG. Mapping cerebral perfusion in mice under various anesthesia levels using highly sensitive BOLD MRI with transient hypoxia. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadm7605. [PMID: 38416820 PMCID: PMC10901365 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adm7605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral perfusion is critical for the early detection of neurological diseases and for effectively monitoring disease progression and treatment responses. Mouse models are widely used in brain research, often under anesthesia, which can affect vascular physiology. However, the impact of anesthesia on regional cerebral blood volume and flow in mice has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we have developed a whole-brain perfusion MRI approach by using a 5-second nitrogen gas stimulus under inhalational anesthetics to induce transient BOLD dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC). This method proved to be highly sensitive, repeatable within each imaging session, and across four weekly sessions. Relative cerebral blood volumes measured by BOLD DSC agree well with those by contrast agents. Quantitative cerebral blood volume and flow metrics were successfully measured in mice under dexmedetomidine and various isoflurane doses using both total vasculature-sensitive gradient-echo and microvasculature-sensitive spin-echo BOLD MRI. Dexmedetomidine reduces cerebral perfusion, while isoflurane increases cerebral perfusion in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Thi Le
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Ho Im
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Hee Lee
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Han Choi
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Gi Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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4
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Cerri DH, Albaugh DL, Walton LR, Katz B, Wang TW, Chao THH, Zhang W, Nonneman RJ, Jiang J, Lee SH, Etkin A, Hall CN, Stuber GD, Shih YYI. Distinct neurochemical influences on fMRI response polarity in the striatum. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1916. [PMID: 38429266 PMCID: PMC10907631 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46088-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The striatum, known as the input nucleus of the basal ganglia, is extensively studied for its diverse behavioral roles. However, the relationship between its neuronal and vascular activity, vital for interpreting functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals, has not received comprehensive examination within the striatum. Here, we demonstrate that optogenetic stimulation of dorsal striatal neurons or their afferents from various cortical and subcortical regions induces negative striatal fMRI responses in rats, manifesting as vasoconstriction. These responses occur even with heightened striatal neuronal activity, confirmed by electrophysiology and fiber-photometry. In parallel, midbrain dopaminergic neuron optogenetic modulation, coupled with electrochemical measurements, establishes a link between striatal vasodilation and dopamine release. Intriguingly, in vivo intra-striatal pharmacological manipulations during optogenetic stimulation highlight a critical role of opioidergic signaling in generating striatal vasoconstriction. This observation is substantiated by detecting striatal vasoconstriction in brain slices after synthetic opioid application. In humans, manipulations aimed at increasing striatal neuronal activity likewise elicit negative striatal fMRI responses. Our results emphasize the necessity of considering vasoactive neurotransmission alongside neuronal activity when interpreting fMRI signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenic H Cerri
- Center for Animal MRI, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Daniel L Albaugh
- Center for Animal MRI, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lindsay R Walton
- Center for Animal MRI, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Brittany Katz
- Center for Animal MRI, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tzu-Wen Wang
- Center for Animal MRI, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tzu-Hao Harry Chao
- Center for Animal MRI, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Weiting Zhang
- Center for Animal MRI, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Randal J Nonneman
- Center for Animal MRI, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Center for Animal MRI, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Amit Etkin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Alto Neuroscience, Los Altos, CA, USA
| | - Catherine N Hall
- Sussex Neuroscience, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, United Kingdom
| | - Garret D Stuber
- Center for Neurobiology of Addiction, Pain, and Emotion, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Center for Animal MRI, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Neurology, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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5
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James S, Sanggaard S, Akif A, Mishra SK, Sanganahalli BG, Blumenfeld H, Verhagen JV, Hyder F, Herman P. Spatiotemporal features of neurovascular (un)coupling with stimulus-induced activity and hypercapnia challenge in cerebral cortex and olfactory bulb. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1891-1904. [PMID: 37340791 PMCID: PMC10676132 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231183887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is traditionally considered as metabolic waste, yet its regulation is critical for brain function. It is well accepted that hypercapnia initiates vasodilation, but its effect on neuronal activity is less clear. Distinguishing how stimulus- and CO2-induced vasodilatory responses are (dis)associated with neuronal activity has profound clinical and experimental relevance. We used an optical method in mice to simultaneously image fluorescent calcium (Ca2+) transients from neurons and reflectometric hemodynamic signals during brief sensory stimuli (i.e., hindpaw, odor) and CO2 exposure (i.e., 5%). Stimuli-induced neuronal and hemodynamic responses swiftly increased within locally activated regions exhibiting robust neurovascular coupling. However, hypercapnia produced slower global vasodilation which was temporally uncoupled to neuronal deactivation. With trends consistent across cerebral cortex and olfactory bulb as well as data from GCaMP6f/jRGECO1a mice (i.e., green/red Ca2+ fluorescence), these results unequivocally reveal that stimuli and CO2 generate comparable vasodilatory responses but contrasting neuronal responses. In summary, observations of stimuli-induced regional neurovascular coupling and CO2-induced global neurovascular uncoupling call for careful appraisal when using CO2 in gas mixtures to affect vascular tone and/or neuronal excitability, because CO2 is both a potent vasomodulator and a neuromodulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaun James
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Simon Sanggaard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Adil Akif
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sandeep K Mishra
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Hal Blumenfeld
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Justus V Verhagen
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- John B. Pierce Laboratory, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fahmeed Hyder
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Peter Herman
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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6
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Abuelazm MT, Ghanem A, Johanis A, Mahmoud A, Hassan AR, Katamesh BE, Amin MA, Abdelazeem B. Reno-protective effects of perioperative dexmedetomidine in kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int Urol Nephrol 2023; 55:2545-2556. [PMID: 36997837 PMCID: PMC10499682 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-023-03568-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE There is currently no FDA-approved medical therapy for delayed graft function (DGF). Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has multiple reno-protective effects preventing ischemic reperfusion injury, DGF, and acute kidney injury. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the reno-protective effects of perioperative DEX during renal transplantation. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from WOS, SCOPUS, EMBASE, PubMed, and CENTRAL until June 8th, 2022. We used the risk ratio (RR) for dichotomous outcomes and the mean difference for continuous outcomes; both presented with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). We registered our protocol in PROSPERO with ID: CRD42022338898. RESULTS We included four RCTs with 339 patients. Pooled risk ratio found no difference between DEX and placebo in reducing DGF (RR: 0.58 with 95% CI [0.34, 1.01], p = 0.05) and acute rejection (RR: 0.88 with 95% CI [0.52, 1.49], p = 0.63). However, DEX improved short-term creatinine on day 1 (MD: - 0.76 with 95% CI [- 1.23, - 0.3], p = 0.001) and day 2 (MD: - 0.28 with 95% CI [- 0.5, - 0.07], p = 0.01); and blood urea nitrogen on day 2 (MD: - 10.16 with 95% CI [- 17.21, - 3.10], p = 0.005) and day 3 (MD: - 6.72 with 95% CI [- 12.85, - 0.58], p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Although there is no difference between DEX and placebo regarding reducing DGF and acute rejection after kidney transplantation, there may be some evidence that it has reno-protective benefits because we found statistically significant improvement in the short-term serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels. More trials are required to investigate the long-term reno-protective effects of DEX.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Ghanem
- Cardiology Department, The Lundquist Institute, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Amit Johanis
- Faculty of Medicine, Creighton University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Basel Abdelazeem
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Health Care, Flint, MI, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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7
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Lee SH, Shnitko TA, Hsu LM, Broadwater MA, Sardinas M, Wang TWW, Robinson DL, Vetreno RP, Crews FT, Shih YYI. Acute alcohol induces greater dose-dependent increase in the lateral cortical network functional connectivity in adult than adolescent rats. ADDICTION NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 7:100105. [PMID: 37576436 PMCID: PMC10421607 DOI: 10.1016/j.addicn.2023.100105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Alcohol misuse and, particularly adolescent drinking, is a major public health concern. While evidence suggests that adolescent alcohol use affects frontal brain regions that are important for cognitive control over behavior little is known about how acute alcohol exposure alters large-scale brain networks and how sex and age may moderate such effects. Here, we employ a recently developed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) protocol to acquire rat brain functional connectivity data and use an established analytical pipeline to examine the effect of sex, age, and alcohol dose on connectivity within and between three major rodent brain networks: defaul mode, salience, and lateral cortical network. We identify the intra- and inter-network connectivity differences and establish moderation models to reveal significant influences of age on acute alcohol-induced lateral cortical network connectivity. Through this work, we make brain-wide isotropic fMRI data with acute alcohol challenge publicly available, with the hope to facilitate future discovery of brain regions/circuits that are causally relevant to the impact of acute alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ho Lee
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tatiana A. Shnitko
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Li-Ming Hsu
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Margaret A. Broadwater
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Mabelle Sardinas
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tzu-Wen Winnie Wang
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Donita L. Robinson
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ryan P. Vetreno
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fulton T. Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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8
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Kiemes A, Serrano Navacerrada ME, Kim E, Randall K, Simmons C, Rojo Gonzalez L, Petrinovic MM, Lythgoe DJ, Rotaru D, Di Censo D, Hirschler L, Barbier EL, Vernon AC, Stone JM, Davies C, Cash D, Modinos G. Erbb4 Deletion From Inhibitory Interneurons Causes Psychosis-Relevant Neuroimaging Phenotypes. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:569-580. [PMID: 36573631 PMCID: PMC10154722 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Converging lines of evidence suggest that dysfunction of cortical GABAergic inhibitory interneurons is a core feature of psychosis. This dysfunction is thought to underlie neuroimaging abnormalities commonly found in patients with psychosis, particularly in the hippocampus. These include increases in resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and glutamatergic metabolite levels, and decreases in ligand binding to GABAA α5 receptors and to the synaptic density marker synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A). However, direct links between inhibitory interneuron dysfunction and these neuroimaging readouts are yet to be established. Conditional deletion of a schizophrenia susceptibility gene, the tyrosine kinase receptor Erbb4, from cortical and hippocampal inhibitory interneurons leads to synaptic defects, and behavioral and cognitive phenotypes relevant to psychosis in mice. STUDY DESIGN Here, we investigated how this inhibitory interneuron disruption affects hippocampal in vivo neuroimaging readouts. Adult Erbb4 conditional mutant mice (Lhx6-Cre;Erbb4F/F, n = 12) and their wild-type littermates (Erbb4F/F, n = 12) were scanned in a 9.4T magnetic resonance scanner to quantify CBF and glutamatergic metabolite levels (glutamine, glutamate, GABA). Subsequently, we assessed GABAA receptors and SV2A density using quantitative autoradiography. RESULTS Erbb4 mutant mice showed significantly elevated ventral hippccampus CBF and glutamine levels, and decreased SV2A density across hippocampus sub-regions compared to wild-type littermates. No significant GABAA receptor density differences were identified. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that specific disruption of cortical inhibitory interneurons in mice recapitulate some of the key neuroimaging findings in patients with psychosis, and link inhibitory interneuron deficits to non-invasive measures of brain function and neurochemistry that can be used across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Kiemes
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Maria Elisa Serrano Navacerrada
- Department of Neuroimaging, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Eugene Kim
- Department of Neuroimaging, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Karen Randall
- Department of Neuroimaging, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Camilla Simmons
- Department of Neuroimaging, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Loreto Rojo Gonzalez
- Department of Neuroimaging, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Marija-Magdalena Petrinovic
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - David J Lythgoe
- Department of Neuroimaging, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Diana Rotaru
- Department of Neuroimaging, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Davide Di Censo
- Department of Neuroimaging, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lydiane Hirschler
- C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuel L Barbier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Grenoble, France
| | - Anthony C Vernon
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - James M Stone
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Cathy Davies
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Diana Cash
- Department of Neuroimaging, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Gemma Modinos
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging, School of Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King’s College London, London, UK
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9
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Wei Z, Li Y, Bibic A, Duan W, Xu J, Lu H. Toward accurate cerebral blood flow estimation in mice after accounting for anesthesia. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1169622. [PMID: 37123257 PMCID: PMC10130671 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1169622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To improve the accuracy of cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurement in mice by accounting for the anesthesia effects. Methods: The dependence of CBF on anesthesia dose and time was investigated by simultaneously measuring respiration rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) under four different anesthetic regimens. Quantitative CBF was measured by a phase-contrast (PC) MRI technique. RR was evaluated with a mouse monitoring system (MouseOX) while HR was determined using an ultrashort-TE MRI sequence. CBF, RR, and HR were recorded dynamically with a temporal resolution of 1 min in a total of 19 mice. Linear regression models were used to investigate the relationships among CBF, anesthesia dose, RR, and HR. Results: CBF, RR, and HR all showed a significant dependence on anesthesia dose (p < 0.0001). However, the dose in itself was insufficient to account for the variations in physiological parameters, in that they showed a time-dependent change even for a constant dose. RR and HR together can explain 52.6% of the variations in CBF measurements, which is greater than the amount of variance explained by anesthesia dose (32.4%). Based on the multi-parametric regression results, a model was proposed to correct the anesthesia effects in mouse CBF measurements, specificallyC B F c o r r e c t e d = C B F + 0.58 R R - 0.41 H R - 32.66 D o s e . We also reported awake-state CBF in mice to be 142.0 ± 8.8 mL/100 g/min, which is consistent with the model-predicted value. Conclusion: The accuracy of CBF measurement in mice can be improved by using a correction model that accounts for respiration rate, heart rate, and anesthesia dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Wei
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yuguo Li
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Adnan Bibic
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Wenzhen Duan
- Division of Neurobiology, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Jiadi Xu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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10
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Menon V, Cerri D, Lee B, Yuan R, Lee SH, Shih YYI. Optogenetic stimulation of anterior insular cortex neurons in male rats reveals causal mechanisms underlying suppression of the default mode network by the salience network. Nat Commun 2023; 14:866. [PMID: 36797303 PMCID: PMC9935890 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36616-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The salience network (SN) and default mode network (DMN) play a crucial role in cognitive function. The SN, anchored in the anterior insular cortex (AI), has been hypothesized to modulate DMN activity during stimulus-driven cognition. However, the causal neural mechanisms underlying changes in DMN activity and its functional connectivity with the SN are poorly understood. Here we combine feedforward optogenetic stimulation with fMRI and computational modeling to dissect the causal role of AI neurons in dynamic functional interactions between SN and DMN nodes in the male rat brain. Optogenetic stimulation of Chronos-expressing AI neurons suppressed DMN activity, and decreased AI-DMN and intra-DMN functional connectivity. Our findings demonstrate that feedforward optogenetic stimulation of AI neurons induces dynamic suppression and decoupling of the DMN and elucidates previously unknown features of rodent brain network organization. Our study advances foundational knowledge of causal mechanisms underlying dynamic cross-network interactions and brain network switching.
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Grants
- R01 MH121069 NIMH NIH HHS
- P50 HD103573 NICHD NIH HHS
- T32 AA007573 NIAAA NIH HHS
- R01 NS091236 NINDS NIH HHS
- R01 MH126518 NIMH NIH HHS
- S10 MH124745 NIMH NIH HHS
- U01 AA020023 NIAAA NIH HHS
- R01 MH111429 NIMH NIH HHS
- S10 OD026796 NIH HHS
- R01 NS086085 NINDS NIH HHS
- R01 EB022907 NIBIB NIH HHS
- P60 AA011605 NIAAA NIH HHS
- RF1 NS086085 NINDS NIH HHS
- RF1 MH117053 NIMH NIH HHS
- This work was supported in part by the National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH121069 to V.M., and R01MH126518, RF1MH117053, R01MH111429, S10MH124745 to Y.-Y.I.S.), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (P60AA011605 and U01AA020023 to Y.-Y.I.S., T32AA007573 to D.C.), National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS086085 to V.M., R01NS091236 to Y.-Y.I.S.), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P50HD103573 to Y.-Y.I.S.), National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB022907 to V.M.), and National Institute of Health Office of the Director (S10OD026796 to Y.-Y.I.S.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Menon
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
- Wu Tsai Neuroscience Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Domenic Cerri
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Byeongwook Lee
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Rui Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
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11
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Lambers H, Wachsmuth L, Lippe C, Faber C. The impact of vasomotion on analysis of rodent fMRI data. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1064000. [PMID: 36908777 PMCID: PMC9998505 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1064000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Small animal fMRI is an essential part of translational research in the cognitive neurosciences. Due to small dimensions and animal physiology preclinical fMRI is prone to artifacts that may lead to misinterpretation of the data. To reach unbiased translational conclusions, it is, therefore, crucial to identify potential sources of experimental noise and to develop correction methods for contributions that cannot be avoided such as physiological noise. Aim of this study was to assess origin and prevalence of hemodynamic oscillations (HDO) in preclinical fMRI in rat, as well as their impact on data analysis. Methods Following the development of algorithms for HDO detection and suppression, HDO prevalence in fMRI measurements was investigated for different anesthetic regimens, comprising isoflurane and medetomidine, and for both gradient echo and spin echo fMRI sequences. In addition to assessing the effect of vasodilation on HDO, it was studied if HDO have a direct neuronal correlate using local field potential (LFP) recordings. Finally, the impact of HDO on analysis of fMRI data was assessed, studying both the impact on calculation of activation maps as well as the impact on brain network analysis. Overall, 303 fMRI measurements and 32 LFP recordings were performed in 71 rats. Results In total, 62% of the fMRI measurements showed HDO with a frequency of (0.20 ± 0.02) Hz. This frequent occurrence indicated that HDO cannot be generally neglected in fMRI experiments. Using the developed algorithms, HDO were detected with a specificity of 95%, and removed efficiently from the signal time courses. HDO occurred brain-wide under vasoconstrictive conditions in both small and large blood vessels. Vasodilation immediately interrupted HDO, which, however, returned within 1 h under vasoconstrictive conditions. No direct neuronal correlate of HDO was observed in LFP recordings. HDO significantly impacted analysis of fMRI data, leading to altered cluster sizes and F-values for activated voxels, as well as altered brain networks, when comparing data with and without HDO. Discussion We therefore conclude that HDO are caused by vasomotion under certain anesthetic conditions and should be corrected during fMRI data analysis to avoid bias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lydia Wachsmuth
- Clinic of Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Chris Lippe
- Clinic of Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Clinic of Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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12
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Kim JE, Yang SJ. miR-30a-5p Augments the Anti-inflammatory Effects of Dexmedetomidine in LPS-induced BV2 Cells. KOREAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.15324/kjcls.2022.54.3.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Eun Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Seung-Ju Yang
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
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13
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Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Brain Function and Emergence Agitation of Patients with Dexmedetomidine-Assisted General Anesthesia under Comfortable Nursing Intervention. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:8527568. [PMID: 35936982 PMCID: PMC9347218 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8527568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In order to explore the effects of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and emergence agitation of patients who underwent general anesthesia surgery with sevoflurane under comfortable nursing intervention, 66 patients who received upper abdominal surgery were selected as research objects. According to nursing and anesthesia methods, the patients were randomly divided into control group (routine nursing and anesthesia), group A (routine nursing and DEX-assisted anesthesia), and group B (comfortable nursing and DEX-assisted anesthesia). The differences in the brain fMRI characteristics, hemodynamic indexes, anesthesia recovery indexes, and nursing satisfaction in the perioperative period were evaluated. The results showed that the regional homogeneity values were different in different brain regions, but there was no difference in the Z value of functional connectivity(P > 0.05). Compared with the control group, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, awakening time, extubation time, the Riker sedation-agitation scale (SAS) score, and anesthetic dosage were signally decreased in group A and group B, while the Ramsay scores, the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) stay, and anesthesia maintenance time in the two groups was obviously increased(P < 0.05). Compared with group A, the extubation time, the SAS score, PACU stay, and hospital stay were all remarkably reduced in group B, while the nursing satisfaction score was greatly increased(P < 0.05). To sum up, DEX was helpful to safely and effectively reduce the occurrence of emergence agitation in patients under general anesthesia surgery with sevoflurane. Besides, comfortable nursing intervention could further reduce the incidence of emergence agitation in patients with general anesthesia, shorten the length of hospital stay, and improve nursing satisfaction.
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14
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Chao THH, Zhang WT, Hsu LM, Cerri DH, Wang TW, Shih YYI. Computing hemodynamic response functions from concurrent spectral fiber-photometry and fMRI data. NEUROPHOTONICS 2022; 9:032205. [PMID: 35005057 PMCID: PMC8734587 DOI: 10.1117/1.nph.9.3.032205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Although emerging evidence suggests that the hemodynamic response function (HRF) can vary by brain region and species, a single, canonical, human-based HRF is widely used in animal studies. Therefore, the development of flexible, accessible, brain-region specific HRF calculation approaches is paramount as hemodynamic animal studies become increasingly popular. Aim: To establish an fMRI-compatible, spectral, fiber-photometry platform for HRF calculation and validation in any rat brain region. Approach: We used our platform to simultaneously measure (a) neuronal activity via genetically encoded calcium indicators (GCaMP6f), (b) local cerebral blood volume (CBV) from intravenous Rhodamine B dye, and (c) whole brain CBV via fMRI with the Feraheme contrast agent. Empirical HRFs were calculated with GCaMP6f and Rhodamine B recordings from rat brain regions during resting-state and task-based paradigms. Results: We calculated empirical HRFs for the rat primary somatosensory, anterior cingulate, prelimbic, retrosplenial, and anterior insular cortical areas. Each HRF was faster and narrower than the canonical HRF and no significant difference was observed between these cortical regions. When used in general linear model analyses of corresponding fMRI data, the empirical HRFs showed better detection performance than the canonical HRF. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the viability and utility of fiber-photometry-based HRF calculations. This platform is readily scalable to multiple simultaneous recording sites, and adaptable to study transfer functions between stimulation events, neuronal activity, neurotransmitter release, and hemodynamic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hao H. Chao
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Center for Animal MRI, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Neurology, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
| | - Wei-Ting Zhang
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Center for Animal MRI, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Neurology, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
| | - Li-Ming Hsu
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Center for Animal MRI, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Neurology, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
| | - Domenic H. Cerri
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Center for Animal MRI, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Neurology, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
| | - Tzu-Wen Wang
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Center for Animal MRI, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
| | - Yen-Yu I. Shih
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Center for Animal MRI, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Biomedical Research Imaging Center, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Neurology, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chapel Hill. North Carolina, United States
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15
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Xu M, Bo B, Pei M, Chen Y, Shu CY, Qin Q, Hirschler L, Warnking JM, Barbier EL, Wei Z, Lu H, Herman P, Hyder F, Liu ZJ, Liang Z, Thompson GJ. High-resolution relaxometry-based calibrated fMRI in murine brain: Metabolic differences between awake and anesthetized states. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:811-825. [PMID: 34910894 PMCID: PMC9014688 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211062279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) techniques using the blood-oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal have shown great potential as clinical biomarkers of disease. Thus, using these techniques in preclinical rodent models is an urgent need. Calibrated fMRI is a promising technique that can provide high-resolution mapping of cerebral oxygen metabolism (CMRO2). However, calibrated fMRI is difficult to use in rodent models for several reasons: rodents are anesthetized, stimulation-induced changes are small, and gas challenges induce noisy CMRO2 predictions. We used, in mice, a relaxometry-based calibrated fMRI method which uses cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the BOLD-sensitive magnetic relaxation component, R2', the same parameter derived in the deoxyhemoglobin-dilution model of calibrated fMRI. This method does not use any gas challenges, which we tested on mice in both awake and anesthetized states. As anesthesia induces a whole-brain change, our protocol allowed us to overcome the former limitations of rodent studies using calibrated fMRI. We revealed 1.5-2 times higher CMRO2, dependent upon brain region, in the awake state versus the anesthetized state. Our results agree with alternative measurements of whole-brain CMRO2 in the same mice and previous human anesthesia studies. The use of calibrated fMRI in rodents has much potential for preclinical fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Xu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Binshi Bo
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Sciences and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengchao Pei
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Sciences and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuyan Chen
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Sciences and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Christina Y Shu
- Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Magnetic Resonance Research Center (MRRC), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Qikai Qin
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lydiane Hirschler
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Inserm, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.,C.J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jan M Warnking
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Inserm, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Emmanuel L Barbier
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences, Inserm, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Zhiliang Wei
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter Herman
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center (MRRC), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Quantitative Neuroscience with Magnetic Resonance (QNMR) Core Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fahmeed Hyder
- Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Magnetic Resonance Research Center (MRRC), Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Quantitative Neuroscience with Magnetic Resonance (QNMR) Core Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Zhi-Jie Liu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifeng Liang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Sciences and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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16
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Liu H, Busl KM, Doré S. Role of Dexmedetomidine in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: A Comprehensive Scoping Review. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2022; 34:176-182. [PMID: 33060552 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dexmedetomidine (DEX), an α2-adrenergic agonist, has been widely used for anesthesia, pain control, and intensive care unit sedation. Besides sleep-like sedation, DEX has many other beneficial effects, such as anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and anticell death. Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a severe and potentially fatal form of stroke, is a complex disease that is divided into 2 phases: early brain injury and delayed cerebral ischemia. In each phase, several pathologic changes are involved, including disturbed intracranial homeostasis, metabolic failure, blood-brain barrier damage, vasospasm, microthrombosis, and cortical spreading depolarization. DEX has been shown to have an effect on these SAH-related pathologic processes. Research shows that DEX could serve as a protective therapy for patients with SAH due to its ability to maintain stable intracerebral homeostasis, balance coagulation-fibrinolysis, repair a damaged blood-brain barrier as well as prevent vasospasm and suppress cortical spreading depolarization by anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antiapoptotic, and vasoconstriction-dilation effects. In this scoping review, we critically assess the existing data on the potential protective effect of DEX after SAH. So far, only 1 retrospective clinical trial assessing the effect of DEX on clinical outcomes after SAH has been performed. Hence, more trials are still needed as well as translational research bringing results from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, ShaanXi Province, China
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurology, Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics, and Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease
| | - Katharina M Busl
- Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Sylvain Doré
- Departments of Anesthesiology, Neurology, Psychiatry, Pharmaceutics, and Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, Center for Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Disease
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17
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Choe KY, Bethlehem RAI, Safrin M, Dong H, Salman E, Li Y, Grinevich V, Golshani P, DeNardo LA, Peñagarikano O, Harris NG, Geschwind DH. Oxytocin normalizes altered circuit connectivity for social rescue of the Cntnap2 knockout mouse. Neuron 2022; 110:795-808.e6. [PMID: 34932941 PMCID: PMC8944915 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2021.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neural basis of abnormal social behavior in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) remains incompletely understood. Here we used two complementary but independent brain-wide mapping approaches, mouse resting-state fMRI and c-Fos-iDISCO+ imaging, to construct brain-wide activity and connectivity maps of the Cntnap2 knockout (KO) mouse model of ASD. At the macroscale level, we detected reduced functional coupling across social brain regions despite general patterns of hyperconnectivity across major brain structures. Oxytocin administration, which rescues social deficits in KO mice, strongly stimulated many brain areas and normalized connectivity patterns. Notably, chemogenetically triggered release of endogenous oxytocin strongly stimulated the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a forebrain nucleus implicated in social reward. Furthermore, NAc-targeted approaches to activate local oxytocin receptors sufficiently rescued their social deficits. Our findings establish circuit- and systems-level mechanisms of social deficits in Cntnap2 KO mice and reveal the NAc as a region that can be modulated by oxytocin to promote social interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina Y Choe
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
| | - Richard A I Bethlehem
- Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SZ, UK
| | - Martin Safrin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hongmei Dong
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Elena Salman
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Valery Grinevich
- Department of Neuropeptide Research for Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim 68159, Germany
| | - Peyman Golshani
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Laura A DeNardo
- Department of Physiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Olga Peñagarikano
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vizcaya 48940, Spain
| | - Neil G Harris
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Daniel H Geschwind
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Center for Autism Research and Treatment, Semel Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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18
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Liu Z, Jin Y, Feng C, Liu G, Wang Y, Zhao X, Liu G. Renoprotective Effect of Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine in Renal Transplantation. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9275406. [PMID: 35211189 PMCID: PMC8863455 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9275406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Renal dysfunction after kidney transplantation may be influenced by many reasons. This study was designed to evaluate whether the administration of dexmedetomidine (Dex) could ameliorate renal function and prognosis after kidney transplantation. METHODS A total of 65 patients were divided into Dex group (n = 33) and Con group (Con, n = 32). Dex group intravenously received an initial loading dose of 0.6 μg/kg Dex for 15 min before anaesthesia induction, followed by a rate of 0.4 μg/kg/h until 30 min after kidney reperfusion. By contrast, Con group received saline. The concentration of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), serum creatinine (Cr), blood urea, urine output, β2 microglobulin (β2-MG), Cystatin C (CysC), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was recorded and compared between two groups during the course of the hospitalization or follow-up. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), vasoactive drugs, and anaesthetics were recorded during the operation. Pain degree was evaluated using a visual analogue scale (VAS) after operation. Delayed graft function (DGF), graft loss, length of hospital stay, and mortality were compared between groups. RESULTS The concentration of KIM-1 in Dex group was lower than Con group at 2 h (P = 0.018), 24 h (P = 0.013), 48 h (P < 0.01), and 72 h (P < 0.01) after reperfusion. MAP of Dex group after tracheal intubation (P = 0.012) and incision (P = 0.018) and HR after intubation (P = 0.021) were lower than that of Con group. The dosage of sufentanil during operation in Dex group was less than Con group (P = 0.039). Patients that used atropine in Dex group were more than Con group (P = 0.027). Patients who received Dex presented with lower VAS scores at 6 h (P = 0.01) and 12 h (P = 0.002) after operation. Concentration of serum Cr and blood urea had no significant differences between groups before operation and on postoperative day 1 to 6. Urine output was recorded for 6 days after operation and had no differences between groups. Also, no differences were identified between two groups in urea, Cr, β2-MG, CysC, and eGFR in the first 3 months after operation. Incidence of DGF after operation was detected no difference between groups, while length of hospital stay in Dex group was less than Con group (P = 0.012). CONCLUSION Dex can decrease kidney injury marker level, attenuate perioperative stress, relieve the dosage of sufentanil and postoperative pain, and reduce length of hospital stay. However, Dex is not associated with changes in prognosis in the first 3 months after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yanwu Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Chang Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ge Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
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Gómez-A A, Dannenhoffer CA, Elton A, Lee SH, Ban W, Shih YYI, Boettiger CA, Robinson DL. Altered Cortico-Subcortical Network After Adolescent Alcohol Exposure Mediates Behavioral Deficits in Flexible Decision-Making. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:778884. [PMID: 34912227 PMCID: PMC8666507 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.778884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral flexibility, the ability to modify behavior according to changing conditions, is essential to optimize decision-making. Deficits in behavioral flexibility that persist into adulthood are one consequence of adolescent alcohol exposure, and another is decreased functional connectivity in brain structures involved in decision-making; however, a link between these two outcomes has not been established. We assessed effects of adolescent alcohol and sex on both Pavlovian and instrumental behaviors and resting-state functional connectivity MRI in adult animals to determine associations between behavioral flexibility and resting-state functional connectivity. Alcohol exposure impaired attentional set reversals and decreased functional connectivity among cortical and subcortical regions-of-interest that underlie flexible behavior. Moreover, mediation analyses indicated that adolescent alcohol-induced reductions in functional connectivity within a subnetwork of affected brain regions statistically mediated errors committed during reversal learning. These results provide a novel link between persistent reductions in brain functional connectivity and deficits in behavioral flexibility resulting from adolescent alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gómez-A
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Carol A. Dannenhoffer
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Amanda Elton
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Sung-Ho Lee
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Woomi Ban
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Neuroscience Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Charlotte A. Boettiger
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Neuroscience Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Donita L. Robinson
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Neuroscience Curriculum, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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20
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Lee SH, Broadwater MA, Ban W, Wang TWW, Kim HJ, Dumas JS, Vetreno RP, Herman MA, Morrow AL, Besheer J, Kash TL, Boettiger CA, Robinson DL, Crews FT, Shih YYI. An isotropic EPI database and analytical pipelines for rat brain resting-state fMRI. Neuroimage 2021; 243:118541. [PMID: 34478824 PMCID: PMC8561231 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has drastically expanded the scope of brain research by advancing our knowledge about the topologies, dynamics, and interspecies translatability of functional brain networks. Several databases have been developed and shared in accordance with recent key initiatives in the rodent fMRI community to enhance the transparency, reproducibility, and interpretability of data acquired at various sites. Despite these pioneering efforts, one notable challenge preventing efficient standardization in the field is the customary choice of anisotropic echo planar imaging (EPI) schemes with limited spatial coverage. Imaging with anisotropic resolution and/or reduced brain coverage has significant shortcomings including reduced registration accuracy and increased deviation in brain feature detection. Here we proposed a high-spatial-resolution (0.4 mm), isotropic, whole-brain EPI protocol for the rat brain using a horizontal slicing scheme that can maintain a functionally relevant repetition time (TR), avoid high gradient duty cycles, and offer unequivocal whole-brain coverage. Using this protocol, we acquired resting-state EPI fMRI data from 87 healthy rats under the widely used dexmedetomidine sedation supplemented with low-dose isoflurane on a 9.4 T MRI system. We developed an EPI template that closely approximates the Paxinos and Watson's rat brain coordinate system and demonstrated its ability to improve the accuracy of group-level approaches and streamline fMRI data pre-processing. Using this database, we employed a multi-scale dictionary-learning approach to identify reliable spatiotemporal features representing rat brain intrinsic activity. Subsequently, we performed k-means clustering on those features to obtain spatially discrete, functional regions of interest (ROIs). Using Euclidean-based hierarchical clustering and modularity-based partitioning, we identified the topological organizations of the rat brain. Additionally, the identified group-level FC network appeared robust across strains and sexes. The "triple-network" commonly adapted in human fMRI were resembled in the rat brain. Through this work, we disseminate raw and pre-processed isotropic EPI data, a rat brain EPI template, as well as identified functional ROIs and networks in standardized rat brain coordinates. We also make our analytical pipelines and scripts publicly available, with the hope of facilitating rat brain resting-state fMRI study standardization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Ho Lee
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Corresponding authors at: Center for Animal MRI, 125 Mason Farm Road, CB# 7513, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. (S.-H. Lee), (Y.-Y.I. Shih)
| | - Margaret A. Broadwater
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Woomi Ban
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Tzu-Wen Winnie Wang
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Hyeon-Joong Kim
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jaiden Seongmi Dumas
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Quantitative Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ryan P. Vetreno
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Melissa A. Herman
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - A. Leslie Morrow
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Joyce Besheer
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas L. Kash
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Charlotte A. Boettiger
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Donita L. Robinson
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Fulton T. Crews
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Yen-Yu Ian Shih
- Center for Animal MRI, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA,Corresponding authors at: Center for Animal MRI, 125 Mason Farm Road, CB# 7513, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. (S.-H. Lee), (Y.-Y.I. Shih)
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21
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Pradier B, Wachsmuth L, Nagelmann N, Segelcke D, Kreitz S, Hess A, Pogatzki-Zahn EM, Faber C. Combined resting state-fMRI and calcium recordings show stable brain states for task-induced fMRI in mice under combined ISO/MED anesthesia. Neuroimage 2021; 245:118626. [PMID: 34637903 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
For fMRI in animal models, the combination of low-dose anesthetic, isoflurane (ISO), and the sedative medetomidine (MED) has recently become an advocated regimen to achieve stable neuronal states and brain networks in rats that are required for reliable task-induced BOLD fMRI. However, in mice the temporal stability of neuronal states and networks in resting-state (rs)-fMRI experiments during the combined ISO/MED regimen has not been systematically investigated. Using a multimodal approach with optical calcium (Ca2+) recordings and rs-fMRI, we investigated cortical neuronal/astrocytic Ca2+activity states and brain networks at multiple time points while switching from anesthesia with 1% ISO to a combined ISO/MED regimen. We found that cortical activity states reached a steady-state 45 min following start of MED infusion as indicated by stable Ca2+ transients. Similarly, rs-networks were not statistically different between anesthesia with ISO and the combined ISO/MED regimen 45 and 100 min after start of MED. Importantly, during the transition time we identified changed rs-network signatures that likely reflect the different mode of action of the respective anesthetic; these included a dose-dependent increase in cortico-cortical functional connectivity (FC) presumably caused by reduction of ISO concentration and decreased FC in subcortical arousal nuclei due to MED infusion. Furthermore, we report detection of visual stimulation-induced BOLD fMRI during the stable ISO/MED neuronal state 45 min after induction. Based on our findings, we recommend a 45-minute waiting period after switching from ISO anesthesia to the combined ISO/MED regimen before performing rs- or task-induced fMRI experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Pradier
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Translational Research Imaging Center, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany; Department of Anesthesiology Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Lydia Wachsmuth
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Translational Research Imaging Center, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Nina Nagelmann
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Translational Research Imaging Center, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Daniel Segelcke
- Department of Anesthesiology Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Silke Kreitz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Emil Fischer Center, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Hess
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Emil Fischer Center, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Esther M Pogatzki-Zahn
- Department of Anesthesiology Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Germany
| | - Cornelius Faber
- Department of Clinical Radiology, Translational Research Imaging Center, University Hospital Münster, Münster 48149, Germany.
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22
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Esmaeeli S, Valencia J, Buhl LK, Bastos AB, Goudarzi S, Eikermann M, Fehnel C, Pollard R, Thomas A, Ogilvy CS, Shaefi S, Nozari A. Anesthetic management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a qualitative systematic review. Neurosurg Rev 2021; 44:2477-2492. [PMID: 33415519 PMCID: PMC9157460 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-020-01441-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Intracranial aneurysms (IA) occur in 3-5% of the general population and may require surgical or endovascular obliteration if the patient is symptomatic or has an increased risk of rupture. These procedures carry an inherent risk of neurological complications, and the outcome can be influenced by the physiological and pharmacological effects of the administered anesthetics. Despite the critical role of anesthetic agents, however, there are no current studies to systematically assess the intraoperative anesthetic risks, benefits, and outcome effects in this population. In this systematic review of the literature, we carefully examine the existing evidence on the risks and benefits of common anesthetic agents during IA obliteration, their physiological and clinical characteristics, and effects on neurological outcome. The initial search strategy captured a total of 287 published studies. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, 28 studies were included in the final report. Our data showed that both volatile and intravenous anesthetics are commonly employed, without evidence that either is superior. Although no specific anesthetic regimens are promoted, their unique neurological, cardiovascular, and physiological properties may be critical to the outcome in vulnerable patients. In particular, patients at risk for perioperative ischemia may benefit from timely administration of anesthetic agents with neuroprotective properties and optimization of their physiological parameters. Further studies are warranted to examine if these anesthetic regimens can reduce the risk of neurological injury and improve the overall outcome in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shooka Esmaeeli
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical care and pain medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Juan Valencia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical care and pain medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren K Buhl
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical care and pain medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andres Brenes Bastos
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical care and pain medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sogand Goudarzi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthias Eikermann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical care and pain medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Corey Fehnel
- Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard Pollard
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical care and pain medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ajith Thomas
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, MA, Boston, USA
| | - Christopher S Ogilvy
- Division of Neurosurgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, MA, Boston, USA
| | - Shahzad Shaefi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical care and pain medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ala Nozari
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical care and pain medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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23
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Song X, García-Saldivar P, Kindred N, Wang Y, Merchant H, Meguerditchian A, Yang Y, Stein EA, Bradberry CW, Ben Hamed S, Jedema HP, Poirier C. Strengths and challenges of longitudinal non-human primate neuroimaging. Neuroimage 2021; 236:118009. [PMID: 33794361 PMCID: PMC8270888 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Longitudinal non-human primate neuroimaging has the potential to greatly enhance our understanding of primate brain structure and function. Here we describe its specific strengths, compared to both cross-sectional non-human primate neuroimaging and longitudinal human neuroimaging, but also its associated challenges. We elaborate on factors guiding the use of different analytical tools, subject-specific versus age-specific templates for analyses, and issues related to statistical power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Song
- Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Intramural Research Program, NIDA, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Pamela García-Saldivar
- Instituto de Neurobiología, UNAM, Campus Juriquilla. Boulevard Juriquilla No. 3001 Querétaro, Qro. 76230, México
| | - Nathan Kindred
- Biosciences Institute & Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Yujiang Wang
- CNNP Lab (www.cnnp-lab.com), Interdisciplinary Complex Systems Group, School of Computing, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Hugo Merchant
- Instituto de Neurobiología, UNAM, Campus Juriquilla. Boulevard Juriquilla No. 3001 Querétaro, Qro. 76230, México
| | - Adrien Meguerditchian
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognitive, UMR7290, Université Aix-Marseille/CNRS, Institut Language, Communication and the Brain 13331 Marseille, France
| | - Yihong Yang
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, NIDA, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Elliot A Stein
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, NIDA, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Charles W Bradberry
- Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Intramural Research Program, NIDA, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Suliann Ben Hamed
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR 5229, Université de Lyon - CNRS, France
| | - Hank P Jedema
- Preclinical Pharmacology Section, Intramural Research Program, NIDA, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Colline Poirier
- Biosciences Institute & Centre for Behaviour and Evolution, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom.
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24
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Impact of anesthesia on static and dynamic functional connectivity in mice. Neuroimage 2021; 241:118413. [PMID: 34293463 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A few studies have compared the static functional connectivity between awake and lightly anesthetized states in rodents by resting-state fMRI. However, impact of light anesthesia on static and dynamic fluctuations in functional connectivity has not been fully understood. Here, we developed a resting-state fMRI protocol to perform awake and anesthetized functional MRI in the same mice. Static functional connectivity showed a widespread decrease under light anesthesia, such as when under isoflurane or a mixture of isoflurane and medetomidine. Several interhemispheric and subcortical connections were key connections for anesthetized condition from awake state. Dynamic functional connectivity demonstrates the shift from frequent broad connections across the cortex, the hypothalamus, and the auditory-visual cortex to frequent local connections within the cortex only under light anesthesia compared with awake state. Fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation in the thalamic nuclei decreased under both anesthesia. These results indicate that typical anesthetics for functional MRI alters the spatiotemporal profile of the dynamic brain network in subcortical regions, including the thalamic nuclei and limbic system.
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25
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Characterization of brain-wide somatosensory BOLD fMRI in mice under dexmedetomidine/isoflurane and ketamine/xylazine. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13110. [PMID: 34162952 PMCID: PMC8222234 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92582-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mouse fMRI under anesthesia has become increasingly popular due to improvement in obtaining brain-wide BOLD response. Medetomidine with isoflurane has become well-accepted for resting-state fMRI, but whether this combination allows for stable, expected, and robust brain-wide evoked response in mice has yet to be validated. We thus utilized intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine with inhaled isoflurane and intravenous infusion of ketamine/xylazine to elucidate whether stable mouse physiology and BOLD response are obtainable in response to simultaneous forepaw and whisker-pad stimulation throughout 8 h. We found both anesthetics result in hypercapnia with depressed heart rate and respiration due to self-breathing, but these values were stable throughout 8 h. Regardless of the mouse condition, brain-wide, robust, and stable BOLD response throughout the somatosensory axis was observed with differences in sensitivity and dynamics. Dexmedetomidine/isoflurane resulted in fast, boxcar-like, BOLD response with consistent hemodynamic shapes throughout the brain. Ketamine/xylazine response showed higher sensitivity, prolonged BOLD response, and evidence for cortical disinhibition as significant bilateral cortical response was observed. In addition, differing hemodynamic shapes were observed between cortical and subcortical areas. Overall, we found both anesthetics are applicable for evoked mouse fMRI studies.
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26
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Tokunaga R, Paquette T, Tsurugizawa T, Leblond H, Piché M. Fasting prevents medetomidine-induced hyperglycaemia and alterations of neurovascular coupling in the somatosensory cortex of the rat during noxious stimulation. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 54:4906-4919. [PMID: 34137097 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Medetomidine and isoflurane are commonly used for general anaesthesia in fMRI studies, but they alter cerebral blood flow (CBF) regulation and neurovascular coupling (NVC). In addition, medetomidine induces hypoinsulinemia and hyperglycaemia, which also alter CBF regulation and NVC. Furthermore, sudden changes in arterial pressure induced by noxious stimulation may affect NVC differently under medetomidine and isoflurane anaesthesia, considering their different effects on vascular functions. The first objective of this study was to compare NVC under medetomidine and isoflurane anaesthesia during noxious stimulation. The second objective was to examine whether fasting may improve NVC by reducing medetomidine-induced hyperglycaemia. In male Wister rats, noxious electrical stimulation was applied to the sciatic nerve in fasted or non-fasted animals. CBF and local field potentials (LFP) were recorded in the somatosensory cortex to assess NVC (CBF/LFP ratio). The CBF/LFP ratio was increased by medetomidine compared with isoflurane (p = 0.004), but this effect was abolished by fasting (p = 0.8). Accordingly, medetomidine produced a threefold increase in blood glucose (p < 0.001), but this effect was also abolished by fasting (p = 0.3). This indicates that isoflurane and medetomidine anaesthesia alter NVC differently, but the undesirable glucose dependent effects of medetomidine on NVC can be prevented by fasting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryota Tokunaga
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Thierry Paquette
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tomokazu Tsurugizawa
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Hugues Leblond
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Piché
- Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
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One-pot synthesis of carboxymethyl-dextran coated iron oxide nanoparticles (CION) for preclinical fMRI and MRA applications. Neuroimage 2021; 238:118213. [PMID: 34116153 PMCID: PMC8418149 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Superparamagnetic iron-oxide nanoparticles are robust contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) used for sensitive structural and functional mapping of the cerebral blood volume (CBV) when administered intravenously. To date, many CBV-MRI studies are conducted with Feraheme, manufactured for the clinical treatment of iron-deficiency. Unfortunately, Feraheme is currently not available outside the United States due to commercial and regulatory constraints, making CBV-MRI methods either inaccessible or very costly to achieve. To address this barrier, we developed a simple, one-pot recipe to synthesize Carboxymethyl-dextran coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles, namely, “CION”, suitable for preclinical CBV-MRI applications. Here we disseminate a step-by-step instruction of our one-pot synthesis protocol, which allows CION to be produced in laboratories with minimal cost. We also characterized different CION-conjugations by manipulating polymer to metal stoichiometric ratio in terms of their size, surface chemistry, and chemical composition, and shifts in MR relaxivity and pharmacokinetics. We performed several proof-of-concept experiments in vivo, demonstrating the utility of CION for functional and structural MRI applications, including hypercapnic CO2 challenge, visual stimulation, targeted optogenetic stimulation, and microangiography. We also present evidence that CION can serve as a cross-modality research platform by showing concurrent in vivo optical and MRI measurement of CBV using fluorescent-labeled CION. The simplicity and cost-effectiveness of our one-pot synthesis method should allow researchers to reproduce CION and tailor the relaxivity and pharmacokinetics according to their imaging needs. It is our hope that this work makes CBV-MRI more openly available and affordable for a variety of research applications.
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Somogyi G, Hlatky D, Spisák T, Spisák Z, Nyitrai G, Czurkó A. Deciphering the scopolamine challenge rat model by preclinical functional MRI. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10873. [PMID: 34035328 PMCID: PMC8149883 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
During preclinical drug testing, the systemic administration of scopolamine (SCO), a cholinergic antagonist, is widely used. However, it suffers important limitations, like non-specific behavioural effects partly due to its peripheral side-effects. Therefore, neuroimaging measures would enhance its translational value. To this end, in Wistar rats, we measured whisker-stimulation induced functional MRI activation after SCO, peripherally acting butylscopolamine (BSCO), or saline administration in a cross-over design. Besides the commonly used gradient-echo echo-planar imaging (GE EPI), we also used an arterial spin labeling method in isoflurane anesthesia. With the GE EPI measurement, SCO decreased the evoked BOLD response in the barrel cortex (BC), while BSCO increased it in the anterior cingulate cortex. In a second experiment, we used GE EPI and spin-echo (SE) EPI sequences in a combined (isoflurane + i.p. dexmedetomidine) anesthesia to account for anesthesia-effects. Here, we also examined the effect of donepezil. In the combined anesthesia, with the GE EPI, SCO decreased the activation in the BC and the inferior colliculus (IC). BSCO reduced the response merely in the IC. Our results revealed that SCO attenuated the evoked BOLD activation in the BC as a probable central effect in both experiments. The likely peripheral vascular actions of SCO with the given fMRI sequences depended on the type of anesthesia or its dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Somogyi
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., POB: 27, Budapest 10, H-1475 , Hungary
| | - Dávid Hlatky
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., POB: 27, Budapest 10, H-1475 , Hungary
| | - Tamás Spisák
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., POB: 27, Budapest 10, H-1475 , Hungary.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Zsófia Spisák
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., POB: 27, Budapest 10, H-1475 , Hungary
| | - Gabriella Nyitrai
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., POB: 27, Budapest 10, H-1475 , Hungary
| | - András Czurkó
- Pharmacological and Drug Safety Research, Gedeon Richter Plc., POB: 27, Budapest 10, H-1475 , Hungary.
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29
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Leong ATL, Wang X, Wong EC, Dong CM, Wu EX. Neural activity temporal pattern dictates long-range propagation targets. Neuroimage 2021; 235:118032. [PMID: 33836268 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain possesses a complex spatiotemporal architecture for efficient information processing and computing. However, it remains unknown how neural signal propagates to its intended targets brain-wide. Using optogenetics and functional MRI, we arbitrarily initiated various discrete neural activity pulse trains with different temporal patterns and revealed their distinct long-range propagation targets within the well-defined, topographically organized somatosensory thalamo-cortical circuit. We further observed that such neural activity propagation over long range could modulate brain-wide sensory functions. Electrophysiological analysis indicated that distinct propagation pathways arose from system level neural adaptation and facilitation in response to the neural activity temporal characteristics. Together, our findings provide fundamental insights into the long-range information transfer and processing. They directly support that temporal coding underpins the whole brain functional architecture in presence of the vast and relatively static anatomical architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex T L Leong
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Xunda Wang
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Eddie C Wong
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Celia M Dong
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Ed X Wu
- Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging and Signal Processing, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR; Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR; School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.
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30
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Steiner AR, Rousseau-Blass F, Schroeter A, Hartnack S, Bettschart-Wolfensberger R. Systematic Review: Anesthetic Protocols and Management as Confounders in Rodent Blood Oxygen Level Dependent Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (BOLD fMRI)-Part B: Effects of Anesthetic Agents, Doses and Timing. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11010199. [PMID: 33467584 PMCID: PMC7830239 DOI: 10.3390/ani11010199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary To understand brain function in rats and mice functional magnetic resonance imaging of the brain is used. With this type of “brain scan” regional changes in blood flow and oxygen consumption are measured as an indirect surrogate for activity of brain regions. Animals are often anesthetized for the experiments to prevent stress and blurred images due to movement. However, anesthesia may alter the measurements, as blood flow within the brain is differently affected by different anesthetics, and anesthetics also directly affect brain function. Consequently, results obtained under one anesthetic protocol may not be comparable with those obtained under another, and/or not representative for awake animals and humans. We have systematically searched the existing literature for studies analyzing the effects of different anesthesia methods or studies that compared anesthetized and awake animals. Most studies reported that anesthetic agents, doses and timing had an effect on functional magnetic resonance imaging results. To obtain results which promote our understanding of brain function, it is therefore essential that a standard for anesthetic protocols for functional magnetic resonance is defined and their impact is well characterized. Abstract In rodent models the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) under anesthesia is common. The anesthetic protocol might influence fMRI readouts either directly or via changes in physiological parameters. As long as those factors cannot be objectively quantified, the scientific validity of fMRI in rodents is impaired. In the present systematic review, literature analyzing in rats and mice the influence of anesthesia regimes and concurrent physiological functions on blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI results was investigated. Studies from four databases that were searched were selected following pre-defined criteria. Two separate articles publish the results; the herewith presented article includes the analyses of 83 studies. Most studies found differences in BOLD fMRI readouts with different anesthesia drugs and dose rates, time points of imaging or when awake status was compared to anesthetized animals. To obtain scientifically valid, reproducible results from rodent fMRI studies, stable levels of anesthesia with agents suitable for the model under investigation as well as known and objectively quantifiable effects on readouts are, thus, mandatory. Further studies should establish dose ranges for standardized anesthetic protocols and determine time windows for imaging during which influence of anesthesia on readout is objectively quantifiable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline R. Steiner
- Section of Anaesthesiology, Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Frédérik Rousseau-Blass
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada;
| | - Aileen Schroeter
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Sonja Hartnack
- Section of Epidemiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Regula Bettschart-Wolfensberger
- Section of Anaesthesiology, Department of Clinical and Diagnostic Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland;
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Dong Q, Li C, Xiao F, Xie Y. Efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: Evidence from randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2020; 8:e00658. [PMID: 33179456 PMCID: PMC7658106 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
At present, the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV) is still controversial. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to assess the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in MV patients by reviewing the results of randomized controlled trials (RCT). RCTs evaluating the efficacy of dexmedetomidine in the treatment of MV patients were obtained by searching relevant online databases, including PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, Medline, OVID, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Literature meeting the inclusion criteria were selected and evaluated by two researchers independently. Risk ratio (RR)/standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to express the differences between groups. Seven RCTs were included in our study, with 986 participants in the dexmedetomidine group and 862 participants in the control group. Summary analysis results displayed no reduction in 30-day mortality (RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.59 to 1.02), delirium (RR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.57 to 1.03), and adverse events (RR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.22 to 5.08) in the dexmedetomidine group compared with the control group. As the length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) were presented as median and interquartile range (IQR)/standard deviation (SD), descriptive analysis of the results were performed. Generally, for 99.65% (953/986) of patients, dexmedetomidine was not better than the control group in reducing ICU length of stay. Our results demonstrate that for patients requiring MV, dexmedetomidine was not superior to the control group. However, analysis of more RCTs is required to confirm this conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Dong
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Chunlai Li
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
| | - Yubo Xie
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical UniversityNanningChina
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32
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Fukuda M, Poplawsky AJ, Kim SG. Time-dependent spatial specificity of high-resolution fMRI: insights into mesoscopic neurovascular coupling. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 376:20190623. [PMID: 33190606 PMCID: PMC7741035 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-resolution functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is becoming increasingly popular because of the growing availability of ultra-high magnetic fields which are capable of improving sensitivity and spatial resolution. However, it is debatable whether increased spatial resolutions for haemodynamic-based techniques, like fMRI, can accurately detect the true location of neuronal activity. We have addressed this issue in functional columns and layers of animals with haemoglobin-based optical imaging and different fMRI contrasts, such as blood oxygenation level-dependent, cerebral blood flow and cerebral blood volume fMRI. In this review, we describe empirical evidence primarily from our own studies on how well these fMRI signals are spatially specific to the neuronally active site and discuss insights into neurovascular coupling at the mesoscale. This article is part of the theme issue 'Key relationships between non-invasive functional neuroimaging and the underlying neuronal activity'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuhiro Fukuda
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Seong-Gi Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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33
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Bortel A, Pilgram R, Yao ZS, Shmuel A. Dexmedetomidine - Commonly Used in Functional Imaging Studies - Increases Susceptibility to Seizures in Rats But Not in Wild Type Mice. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:832. [PMID: 33192234 PMCID: PMC7658317 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional MRI (fMRI) utilizes changes in metabolic and hemodynamic signals to indirectly infer the underlying local changes in neuronal activity. To investigate the mechanisms of fMRI responses, spontaneous fluctuations, and functional connectivity in the resting-state, it is important to pursue fMRI in animal models. Animal studies commonly use dexmedetomidine sedation. It has been demonstrated that potent sensory stimuli administered under dexmedetomidine are prone to inducing seizures in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Here we combined optical imaging of intrinsic signals and cerebral blood flow with neurophysiological recordings to measure responses in rat area S1FL to electrical forepaw stimulation administered at 8 Hz. We show that the increased susceptibility to seizures starts no later than 1 h and ends no sooner than 3 h after initiating a continuous administration of dexmedetomidine. By administering different combinations of anesthetic and sedative agents, we demonstrate that dexmedetomidine is the sole agent necessary for the increased susceptibility to seizures. The increased susceptibility to seizures prevails under a combination of 0.3–0.5% isoflurane and dexmedetomidine anesthesia. The blood-oxygenation and cerebral blood flow responses to seizures induced by forepaw stimulation have a higher amplitude and a larger spatial extent relative to physiological responses to the same stimuli. The epileptic activity and the associated blood oxygenation and cerebral blood flow responses stretched beyond the stimulation period. We observed seizures in response to forepaw stimulation with 1–2 mA pulses administered at 8 Hz. In contrast, responses to stimuli administered at 4 Hz were seizure-free. We demonstrate that such seizures are generated not only in SD rats but also in Long-Evans rats, but not in C57BL6 mice stimulated with similar potent stimuli under dexmedetomidine sedation. We conclude that high-amplitude hemodynamic functional imaging responses evoked by peripheral stimulation in rats sedated with dexmedetomidine are possibly due to the induction of epileptic activity. Therefore, caution should be practiced in experiments that combine the administration of potent stimuli with dexmedetomidine sedation. We propose stimulation paradigms that elicit seizure-free, well detectable neurophysiological and hemodynamic responses in rats. We further conclude that the increased susceptibility to seizures under dexmedetomidine sedation is species dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Bortel
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Roland Pilgram
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ze Shan Yao
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Amir Shmuel
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Fouquet JP, Lebel R, Cahill LS, Sled JG, Tremblay L, Lepage M. Cerebrovascular MRI in the mouse without an exogenous contrast agent. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:405-415. [PMID: 31845401 PMCID: PMC7154782 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the effect of a variety of anesthetic regimes on T 2 ∗ -weighted MRI of the mouse brain and to determine the optimal regimes to perform T 2 ∗ -weighted MRI of the mouse cerebrovasculature without a contrast agent. METHODS Twenty mice were imaged with a 3D T 2 ∗ -weighted sequence under isoflurane, dexmedetomidine, or ketamine-xylazine anesthesia with a fraction of inspired oxygen varied between 10% and 95% + 5% CO2 . Some mice were also imaged after an injection of an iron oxide contrast agent as a positive control. For every regime, whole brain vessel conspicuity was visually assessed and the apparent vessel density in the cortex was quantified and compared. RESULTS The commonly used isoflurane anesthetic leads to poor vessel conspicuity for fraction of inspired oxygen higher or equal to 21%. Dexmedetomidine and ketamine-xylazine enable the visualization of a significantly larger portion of the vasculature for the same breathing gas. Under isoflurane anesthesia, the fraction of inspired oxygen must be lowered to between 10% and 14% to obtain similar vessel conspicuity. Initial results on automatic segmentation of veins and arteries using the iron oxide positive control are also reported. CONCLUSION T 2 ∗ -weighted MRI in combination with an appropriate anesthetic regime can be used to visualize the mouse cerebrovasculature without a contrast agent. The differences observed between regimes are most likely caused by blood-oxygen level dependent effects, highlighting the important impact of the anesthetic regimes on cerebral blood oxygenation of the mouse brain at rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémie P. Fouquet
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and RadiobiologyFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada
| | - Réjean Lebel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and RadiobiologyFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada
| | - Lindsay S. Cahill
- Mouse Imaging CentreThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - John G. Sled
- Mouse Imaging CentreThe Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Medical BiophysicsUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Luc Tremblay
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and RadiobiologyFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada
| | - Martin Lepage
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and RadiobiologyFaculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQCCanada
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35
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Shim H, Lee J, Kim S. BOLD fMRI and hemodynamic responses to somatosensory stimulation in anesthetized mice: spontaneous breathing vs. mechanical ventilation. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4311. [PMID: 32297409 PMCID: PMC7317444 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Mouse functional MRI (fMRI) has been of great interest due to the abundance of transgenic models. Due to a mouse's small size, spontaneous breathing has often been used. Because the vascular physiology affecting fMRI might not be controlled normally, its effects on functional responses were investigated with optical intrinsic signal (OIS) imaging and 9.4 T BOLD fMRI. Three conditions were tested in C57BL/6 mice: spontaneous breathing under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia (KX), mechanical ventilation under KX, and mechanical ventilation under isoflurane. Spontaneous breathing under KX induced an average pCO2 of 83 mmHg, whereas a mechanical ventilation condition achieved a pCO2 of 37-41 mmHg within a physiological range. The baseline diameter of arterial and venous vessels was only 7%-9% larger with spontaneous breathing than with mechanical ventilation under KX, but it was much smaller than that in normocapnic isoflurane-anesthetized mice. Three major functional studies were performed. First, CBV-weighted OIS and arterial dilations to 4-second forepaw stimulation were rapid and larger at normocapnia than hypercapnia under KX, but very small under isoflurane. Second, CBV-weighted OIS and arterial dilations by vasodilator acetazolamide were measured for investigating vascular reactivity and were larger in the normocapnic condition than in the hypercapnic condition under KX. Third, evoked OIS and BOLD fMRI responses in the contralateral mouse somatosensory cortex to 20-second forepaw stimulation were faster and larger in the mechanical ventilation than spontaneous breathing. BOLD fMRI peaked at the end of the 20-second stimulation under hypercapnic spontaneous breathing, and at ~9 seconds under mechanical ventilation. The peak amplitude of BOLD fMRI was 2.2% at hypercapnia and ~3.4% at normocapnia. Overall, spontaneous breathing induces sluggish reduced hemodynamic and fMRI responses, but it is still viable for KX anesthesia due to its simplicity, noninvasiveness, and well-localized BOLD activity in the somatosensory cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun‐Ji Shim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR)Institute for Basic Science (IBS)Suwon16419Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06355Republic of Korea
| | - Joonyeol Lee
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR)Institute for Basic Science (IBS)Suwon16419Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea
| | - Seong‐Gi Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research (CNIR)Institute for Basic Science (IBS)Suwon16419Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHSTSungkyunkwan UniversitySeoul06355Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea
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36
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The Pharmacokinetics of Medetomidine Administered Subcutaneously during Isoflurane Anaesthesia in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10061050. [PMID: 32570809 PMCID: PMC7341258 DOI: 10.3390/ani10061050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaesthetic protocols involving the combined use of a sedative agent, medetomidine, and an anaesthetic agent, isoflurane, are increasingly being used in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of the rodent brain. Despite the popularity of this combination, a standardised protocol for the combined use of medetomidine and isoflurane has not been established, resulting in inconsistencies in the reported use of these drugs. This study investigated the pharmacokinetic detail required to standardise the use of medetomidine and isoflurane in rat brain fMRI studies. Using mass spectrometry, serum concentrations of medetomidine were determined in Sprague-Dawley rats during medetomidine and isoflurane anaesthesia. The serum concentration of medetomidine for administration with 0.5% (vapouriser setting) isoflurane was found to be 14.4 ng/mL (±3.0 ng/mL). The data suggests that a steady state serum concentration of medetomidine when administered with 0.5% (vapouriser setting) isoflurane can be achieved with an initial subcutaneous (SC) dose of 0.12 mg/kg of medetomidine followed by a 0.08 mg/kg/h SC infusion of medetomidine. Consideration of these results for future studies will facilitate standardisation of medetomidine and isoflurane anaesthetic protocols during fMRI data acquisition.
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37
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Reimann HM, Niendorf T. The (Un)Conscious Mouse as a Model for Human Brain Functions: Key Principles of Anesthesia and Their Impact on Translational Neuroimaging. Front Syst Neurosci 2020; 14:8. [PMID: 32508601 PMCID: PMC7248373 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, technical and procedural advances have brought functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to the field of murine neuroscience. Due to its unique capacity to measure functional activity non-invasively, across the entire brain, fMRI allows for the direct comparison of large-scale murine and human brain functions. This opens an avenue for bidirectional translational strategies to address fundamental questions ranging from neurological disorders to the nature of consciousness. The key challenges of murine fMRI are: (1) to generate and maintain functional brain states that approximate those of calm and relaxed human volunteers, while (2) preserving neurovascular coupling and physiological baseline conditions. Low-dose anesthetic protocols are commonly applied in murine functional brain studies to prevent stress and facilitate a calm and relaxed condition among animals. Yet, current mono-anesthesia has been shown to impair neural transmission and hemodynamic integrity. By linking the current state of murine electrophysiology, Ca2+ imaging and fMRI of anesthetic effects to findings from human studies, this systematic review proposes general principles to design, apply and monitor anesthetic protocols in a more sophisticated way. The further development of balanced multimodal anesthesia, combining two or more drugs with complementary modes of action helps to shape and maintain specific brain states and relevant aspects of murine physiology. Functional connectivity and its dynamic repertoire as assessed by fMRI can be used to make inferences about cortical states and provide additional information about whole-brain functional dynamics. Based on this, a simple and comprehensive functional neurosignature pattern can be determined for use in defining brain states and anesthetic depth in rest and in response to stimuli. Such a signature can be evaluated and shared between labs to indicate the brain state of a mouse during experiments, an important step toward translating findings across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning M. Reimann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers (HZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers (HZ), Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, A Joint Cooperation Between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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38
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Zhao F, Meng X, Lu S, Hyde LA, Kennedy ME, Houghton AK, Evelhoch JL, Hines CDG. fMRI study of olfactory processing in mice under three anesthesia protocols: Insight into the effect of ketamine on olfactory processing. Neuroimage 2020; 213:116725. [PMID: 32173412 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a valuable tool for studying neural activations in the central nervous system of animals due to its wide spatial coverage and non-invasive nature. However, the advantages of fMRI have not been fully realized in functional studies in mice, especially in the olfactory system, possibly due to the lack of suitable anesthesia protocols with spontaneous breathing. Since mice are widely used in biomedical research, it is desirable to evaluate different anesthesia protocols for olfactory fMRI studies in mice. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) as a sedative/anesthetic has been introduced to fMRI studies in mice, but it has a limited anesthesia duration. To extend the anesthesia duration, DEX has been combined with a low dose of isoflurane (ISO) or ketamine (KET) in previous functional studies in mice. In this report, olfactory fMRI studies were performed under three anesthesia protocols (DEX alone, DEX/ISO, and DEX/KET) in three different groups of mice. Isoamyl-acetate was used as an odorant, and the odorant-induced neural activations were measured by blood oxygenation-level dependent (BOLD) fMRI. BOLD fMRI responses were observed in the olfactory bulb (OB), anterior olfactory nuclei (AON), and piriform cortex (Pir). Interestingly, BOLD fMRI activations were also observed in the prefrontal cortical region (PFC), which are most likely caused by the draining vein effect. The response in the OB showed no adaptation to either repeated odor stimulations or continuous odor exposure, but the response in the Pir showed adaptation during the continuous odor exposure. The data also shows that ISO suppresses the olfactory response in the OB and AON, while KET enhances the olfactory response in the Pir. Thus, DEX/KET should be an attractive anesthesia for olfactory fMRI in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sherry Lu
- Merck & Co. Inc, West Point, PA, 19486, USA
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Levine AT, Li B, Barnes P, Lomber SG, Butler BE. Assessment of anesthesia on physiological stability and BOLD signal reliability during visual or acoustic stimulation in the cat. J Neurosci Methods 2020; 334:108603. [PMID: 31982459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2020.108603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroimaging methods including fMRI provide powerful tools to observe whole-brain functional networks. This is particularly powerful in animal models, allowing these networks to be probed using complementary methods. However, most animals must be anesthetized for neuroimaging, giving rise to complications resulting from anesthetic effects on the animal's physiological and neurological functions. For example, an established protocol for feline neuroimaging involves co-administration of ketamine and isoflurane - the latter of which is known to suppress cortical function. NEW METHOD Here, we compare this established protocol to alfaxalone, a single-agent anesthetic for functional neuroimaging. We first compare the two in a controlled environment to assess relative safety and to measure physiological stability over an extended time window. We then compare patterns of auditory and visually-evoked activity measured at 7 T to assess mean signal strength and between-subjects signal variability. RESULTS IN COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS We show that alfaxalone results in more stable respiratory rates over the 120 min testing period, with evidence of smaller between-measurements variability within this time window, when compared to ketamine plus isoflurane. Moreover, we demonstrate that both agents evoke similar mean BOLD signals across animals, but that alfaxalone elicits more consistent BOLD activity in response to sound stimuli across all ROIs observed. CONCLUSIONS Alfaxalone is observed to be more physiologically stable, evoking a more consistent BOLD signal across animals than the co-administration of ketamine and isoflurane. Thus, an alfaxalone-based protocol may represent a better approach for neuroimaging in animal models requiring anesthesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra T Levine
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada; Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Benson Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C2, Canada
| | - Paisley Barnes
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Stephen G Lomber
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C2, Canada; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada; Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada; National Centre for Audiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6G 1H1, Canada
| | - Blake E Butler
- Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C2, Canada; Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada; National Centre for Audiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6G 1H1, Canada.
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Sirmpilatze N, Baudewig J, Boretius S. Temporal stability of fMRI in medetomidine-anesthetized rats. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16673. [PMID: 31723186 PMCID: PMC6853937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53144-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Medetomidine has become a popular choice for anesthetizing rats during long-lasting sessions of blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Despite this, it has not yet been thoroughly established how commonly reported fMRI readouts evolve over several hours of medetomidine anesthesia and how they are affected by the precise timing, dose, and route of administration. We used four different protocols of medetomidine administration to anesthetize rats for up to six hours and repeatedly evaluated somatosensory stimulus-evoked BOLD responses and resting state functional connectivity. We found that the temporal evolution of fMRI readouts strongly depended on the method of administration. Intravenous administration of a medetomidine bolus (0.05 mg/kg), combined with a subsequent continuous infusion (0.1 mg/kg/h), led to temporally stable measures of stimulus-evoked activity and functional connectivity throughout the anesthesia. Deviating from the above protocol-by omitting the bolus, lowering the medetomidine dose, or using the subcutaneous route-compromised the stability of these measures in the initial two-hour period. We conclude that both an appropriate protocol of medetomidine administration and a suitable timing of fMRI experiments are crucial for obtaining consistent results. These factors should be considered for the design and interpretation of future rat fMRI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikoloz Sirmpilatze
- Functional Imaging Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.
- Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- International Max Planck Research School for Neurosciences, Göttingen, Germany.
- DFG Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Baudewig
- Functional Imaging Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Susann Boretius
- Functional Imaging Laboratory, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.
- Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- International Max Planck Research School for Neurosciences, Göttingen, Germany.
- DFG Research Center for Nanoscale Microscopy and Molecular Physiology of the Brain (CNMPB), Göttingen, Germany.
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Bortel A, Yao ZS, Shmuel A. A rat model of somatosensory-evoked reflex seizures induced by peripheral stimulation. Epilepsy Res 2019; 157:106209. [PMID: 31629247 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.106209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We introduce a novel animal model of somatosensory stimulation-induced reflex seizures which generates focal seizures without causing damage to the brain. METHODS Specifically, we electrically stimulated digits or forepaws of adult rats sedated with dexmedetomidine while imaging cerebral blood volume and recording neurophysiological activity in cortical area S1FL. For the recordings, we either inserted a linear probe into the D3 digit representation or we performed surface electrocorticography (ECoG) recordings. RESULTS Peripheral stimulation of a digit or the forepaw elicited seizures that were followed by a refractory period with decreased neuronal activity, or another seizure or normal response. LFP amplitudes in response to electrical pulses during the seizures (0.28 ± 0.03 mV) were higher than during normal evoked responses (0.25 ± 0.05 mV) and refractory periods (0.2 ± 0.08 mV). Seizures generated during the stimulation period showed prolonged after-discharges that were sustained for 20.9 ± 1.9 s following the cessation of the stimulus. High-frequency oscillations were observed prior to and during the seizures, with amplitudes higher than those associated with normal evoked responses. The seizures were initially focal. Optical imaging of the cerebral blood volume response showed that they propagated from the onset zone to adjacent cortical areas, beyond the S1FL representation of the stimulated digit or forepaw. The spatial extent during seizures was on average 1.74 times larger during the stimulation and 4.1 times following its cessation relative to normal evoked responses. Seizures were recorded not only by probes inserted into cortex but also with ECoG arrays (24.1 ± 5.8 seizures per rat) placed over the dura matter, indicating that the seizures were not induced by damage caused by inserting the probes to the cortex. Stimulation of the forepaw elicited more seizures (18.8 ± 8.5 seizures per rat) than stimulation of a digit (1.7 ± 0.7). Unlike rats sedated with dexmedetomidine, rats anesthetized with urethane showed no seizures, indicating that the seizures may depend on the use of the mild sedative dexmedetomidine. SIGNIFICANCE Our proposed animal model generates seizures induced by electrical sensory stimulation free of artifacts and brain damage. It can be used for studying the mechanisms underlying the generation and propagation of reflex seizures and for evaluating antiepileptic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Bortel
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
| | - Ze Shan Yao
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Amir Shmuel
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 2B4, Canada.
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van Alst TM, Wachsmuth L, Datunashvili M, Albers F, Just N, Budde T, Faber C. Anesthesia differentially modulates neuronal and vascular contributions to the BOLD signal. Neuroimage 2019; 195:89-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Prospective administration of anti-nerve growth factor treatment effectively suppresses functional connectivity alterations after cancer-induced bone pain in mice. Pain 2019; 160:151-159. [PMID: 30161041 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-induced bone pain is abundant among advanced-stage cancer patients and arises from a primary tumor in the bone or skeletal metastasis of common cancer types such as breast, lung, or prostate cancer. Recently, antibodies targeting nerve growth factor (NGF) have been shown to effectively relieve neuropathic and inflammatory pain states in mice and in humans. Although efficacy has been shown in mice on a behavioral level, effectiveness in preventing pain-induced functional rearrangements in the central nervous system has not been shown. Therefore, we assessed longitudinal whole-brain functional connectivity using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging in a mouse model of cancer-induced bone pain. We found functional connectivity between major hubs of ascending and descending pain pathways such as the periaqueductal gray, amygdala, thalamus, and cortical somatosensory regions to be affected by a developing cancer pain state. These changes could be successfully prevented through prospective administration of a monoclonal anti-NGF antibody (mAb911). This indicates efficacy of anti-NGF treatment to prevent pain-induced adaptations in brain functional networks after persistent nociceptive input from cancer-induced bone pain. In addition, it highlights the suitability of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging readouts as an indicator of treatment response on the basis of longitudinal functional network changes.
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Physiological Considerations of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Animal Models. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2019; 4:522-532. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Protective effect of dexmedetomidine on kidney injury of parturients with preeclampsia undergoing cesarean section: a randomized controlled study. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190352. [PMID: 30962264 PMCID: PMC6500893 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to elucidate the effects of dexmedetomidine on kidney injury of parturients with preeclampsia (PE) undergoing cesarean section. Total 134 cesarean delivery women with PE were randomly divided into intervention group (IG) and control group (CG). Both groups underwent combined spinal and epidural anesthesia (CSEA), the IG was treated with 0.4 μg/(kg·min) dexmedetomidine for 10 min before surgery. The CG was treated with equivalent saline. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure, oxygen saturation (SpO2) of the two groups were measured at different time point after administration. Level of inflammatory factors were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Visual analogue score (VAS), Ramsay sedation score (RSS), and kidney injury related indexes were evaluated at different time points. The plasma-drug concentration of patients was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. Compared with CG, HR, PE, and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) showed lower level while SpO2 showed higher level in IG. Furthermore, expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-10 in IG was decreased after drug administration, the contents of β2-MG, KIM-1 and urine protein were also decreased in contrast to the CG (all P<0.05). Besides, VAS score was decreased but Ramsay score was increased in the IG (both P<0.05). The results of HPLC showed that the half life of dexmedetomidine was about 20 min and it is speculated that the drug can be quickly metabolized within 24 h. Dexmedetomidine exerted protective effects on kidney injury of parturients with PE undergoing cesarean section.
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Belloy ME, Naeyaert M, Abbas A, Shah D, Vanreusel V, van Audekerke J, Keilholz SD, Keliris GA, Van der Linden A, Verhoye M. Dynamic resting state fMRI analysis in mice reveals a set of Quasi-Periodic Patterns and illustrates their relationship with the global signal. Neuroimage 2018; 180:463-484. [PMID: 29454935 PMCID: PMC6093802 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2017] [Revised: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Time-resolved 'dynamic' over whole-period 'static' analysis of low frequency (LF) blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fluctuations provides many additional insights into the macroscale organization and dynamics of neural activity. Although there has been considerable advancement in the development of mouse resting state fMRI (rsfMRI), very little remains known about its dynamic repertoire. Here, we report for the first time the detection of a set of recurring spatiotemporal Quasi-Periodic Patterns (QPPs) in mice, which show spatial similarity with known resting state networks. Furthermore, we establish a close relationship between several of these patterns and the global signal. We acquired high temporal rsfMRI scans under conditions of low (LA) and high (HA) medetomidine-isoflurane anesthesia. We then employed the algorithm developed by Majeed et al. (2011), previously applied in rats and humans, which detects and averages recurring spatiotemporal patterns in the LF BOLD signal. One type of observed patterns in mice was highly similar to those originally observed in rats, displaying propagation from lateral to medial cortical regions, which suggestively pertain to a mouse Task-Positive like network (TPN) and Default Mode like network (DMN). Other QPPs showed more widespread or striatal involvement and were no longer detected after global signal regression (GSR). This was further supported by diminished detection of subcortical dynamics after GSR, with cortical dynamics predominating. Observed QPPs were both qualitatively and quantitatively determined to be consistent across both anesthesia conditions, with GSR producing the same outcome. Under LA, QPPs were consistently detected at both group and single subject level. Under HA, consistency and pattern occurrence rate decreased, whilst cortical contribution to the patterns diminished. These findings confirm the robustness of QPPs across species and demonstrate a new approach to study mouse LF BOLD spatiotemporal dynamics and mechanisms underlying functional connectivity. The observed impact of GSR on QPPs might help better comprehend its controversial role in conventional resting state studies. Finally, consistent detection of QPPs at single subject level under LA promises a step forward towards more reliable mouse rsfMRI and further confirms the importance of selecting an optimal anesthesia regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël E Belloy
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Maarten Naeyaert
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anzar Abbas
- Neuroscience, Emory University, 1760 Haygood Dr NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Disha Shah
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Verdi Vanreusel
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan van Audekerke
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Shella D Keilholz
- Biomedical Engineering, Emory University and Georgia Institute of Technology, 1760 Haygood Dr NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States
| | - Georgios A Keliris
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annemie Van der Linden
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Marleen Verhoye
- Bio-Imaging Lab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
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Han S, Son JP, Cho H, Park JY, Kim SG. Gradient-echo and spin-echo blood oxygenation level-dependent functional MRI at ultrahigh fields of 9.4 and 15.2 Tesla. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:1237-1246. [PMID: 30183108 PMCID: PMC6585650 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Sensitivity and specificity of blood oxygenation level–dependent (BOLD) functional MRI (fMRI) is sensitive to magnetic field strength and acquisition methods. We have investigated gradient‐echo (GE)‐ and spin‐echo (SE)‐BOLD fMRI at ultrahigh fields of 9.4 and 15.2 Tesla. Methods BOLD fMRI experiments responding to forepaw stimulation were performed with 3 echo times (TE) at each echo type and B0 in α‐chloralose–anesthetized rats. The contralateral forelimb somatosensory region was selected for quantitative analyses. Results At 9.4 T and 15.2 T, average baseline T2* (n = 9) was 26.6 and 17.1 msec, whereas baseline T2 value (n = 9) was 35.7 and 24.5 msec, respectively. Averaged stimulation‐induced ΔR2* was –1.72 s–1 at 9.4 T and –3.09 s–1 at 15.2 T, whereas ΔR2 was –1.19 s–1 at 9.4 T and –1.97 s–1 at 15.2 T. At the optimal TE of tissue T2* or T2, BOLD percent changes were slightly higher at 15.2 T than at 9.4 T (GE: 7.4% versus 6.4% and SE: 5.7% versus 5.4%). The ΔR2* and ΔR2 ratio of 15.2 T to 9.4 T was 1.8 and 1.66, respectively. The ratio of the macrovessel‐containing superficial to microvessel‐dominant parenchymal BOLD signal was 1.73 to 1.76 for GE‐BOLD versus 1.13 to 1.19 for SE‐BOLD, indicating that the SE‐BOLD contrast is less sensitive to macrovessels than GE‐BOLD. Conclusion SE‐BOLD fMRI improves spatial specificity to microvessels compared to GE‐BOLD at both fields. BOLD sensitivity is similar at the both fields and can be improved at ultrahigh fields only for thermal‐noise–dominant ultrahigh‐resolution fMRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- SoHyun Han
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, South Korea.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, MGH/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts
| | - Jeong Pyo Son
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - HyungJoon Cho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Jang-Yeon Park
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Seong-Gi Kim
- Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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Mouse fMRI under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia: Robust contralateral somatosensory cortex activation in response to forepaw stimulation. Neuroimage 2018; 177:30-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.04.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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49
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Michelson NJ, Vazquez AL, Eles JR, Salatino JW, Purcell EK, Williams JJ, Cui XT, Kozai TDY. Multi-scale, multi-modal analysis uncovers complex relationship at the brain tissue-implant neural interface: new emphasis on the biological interface. J Neural Eng 2018; 15:033001. [PMID: 29182149 PMCID: PMC5967409 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/aa9dae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Implantable neural electrode devices are important tools for neuroscience research and have an increasing range of clinical applications. However, the intricacies of the biological response after implantation, and their ultimate impact on recording performance, remain challenging to elucidate. Establishing a relationship between the neurobiology and chronic recording performance is confounded by technical challenges related to traditional electrophysiological, material, and histological limitations. This can greatly impact the interpretations of results pertaining to device performance and tissue health surrounding the implant. APPROACH In this work, electrophysiological activity and immunohistological analysis are compared after controlling for motion artifacts, quiescent neuronal activity, and material failure of devices in order to better understand the relationship between histology and electrophysiological outcomes. MAIN RESULTS Even after carefully accounting for these factors, the presence of viable neurons and lack of glial scarring does not convey single unit recording performance. SIGNIFICANCE To better understand the biological factors influencing neural activity, detailed cellular and molecular tissue responses were examined. Decreases in neural activity and blood oxygenation in the tissue surrounding the implant, shift in expression levels of vesicular transporter proteins and ion channels, axon and myelin injury, and interrupted blood flow in nearby capillaries can impact neural activity around implanted neural interfaces. Combined, these tissue changes highlight the need for more comprehensive, basic science research to elucidate the relationship between biology and chronic electrophysiology performance in order to advance neural technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto L Vazquez
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh
| | - James R Eles
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh
| | | | - Erin K Purcell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University
| | | | - X. Tracy Cui
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh
| | - Takashi DY Kozai
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh
- Center for Neuroscience, University of Pittsburgh
- McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh
- NeuroTech Center, University of Pittsburgh Brain Institute
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50
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Paasonen J, Stenroos P, Salo RA, Kiviniemi V, Gröhn O. Functional connectivity under six anesthesia protocols and the awake condition in rat brain. Neuroimage 2018; 172:9-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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