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Nakamura Y, Sakurai K, Ishikawa S, Horinouchi T, Hashimoto N, Kusumi I. Outpatient visit behavior in patients with epilepsy: Generalized Epilepsy is more frequently non-attendance than Focal Epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 145:109345. [PMID: 37441983 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with epilepsy (PWE), especially those with Idiopathic Epilepsy (GE), are at a high risk of disadvantage caused by non-adherence. It has been suggested that medical visit behavior may be a surrogate indicator of medication adherence. We hypothesized that patients with IGE would adhere poorly to visits. METHODS This was a retrospective study of PWE who visited the Department of Psychiatry and Neurology at Hokkaido University Hospital between January 2017 and December 2019. Demographic and clinical information on PWE were extracted from medical records and visit data from the medical information system. Non-attendance of outpatient appointments was defined as "not showing up for the day of an appointment without prior notice." Mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was conducted with non-attendance as the objective variable. RESULTS Of the 9151 total appointments, 413 were non-attendances, with an overall non-attendance rate of 4.5%. IGE was a more frequent non-attendance than Focal Epilepsy (FE) (odds ratio (OR) 1.94; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-3.21; p = 0.010). History of public assistance receipt was associated with higher non-attendance (OR 2.04; 95% CI 1.22-3.43; p = 0.007), while higher education (OR 0.64; 95% CI 0.43-0.93; p = 0.021) and farther distance to a hospital (OR 0.33; 95% CI 0.13-0.88; p = 0.022), and higher frequency of visits (OR 0.18; 95% CI 0.04-0.86; p = 0.031) were associated with fewer non-attendances. In a subgroup analysis of patients with GE, women were associated with fewer non-attendance (OR 0.31; 95% CI 0.14-0.72; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS GE was more frequent in the non-attendance group than in the FE group. Among patients with GE, females were found to have non-attendance less frequently; however, there was no clear difference in the odds of non-attendance between Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy (JME) and IGE other than JME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Nakamura
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan.
| | - Kotaro Sakurai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Aichi Medical University, 1-1, Karimata, Yazako, Nagakute-shi, Aichi 480-1195, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ishikawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Toru Horinouchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashimoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kusumi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan
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Monteagudo-Gimeno E, Sánchez-González R, Raduà-Castaño J, Fortea-González L, Boget-Llucià T, Carreño-Martínez M, Donaire-Pedraza A, Bargalló-Alabart N, Setoain-Perego X, Rumià-Arboix J, Bulbena-Vilarrasa A, Pintor-Pérez L. Clinical relevance of interictal dysphoric disorder and its impact on quality of life in drug-resistant epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 144:109253. [PMID: 37192579 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the prevalence of Interictal Dysphoric Disorder (IDD) in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) and to describe its clinical and psychopathological profile, including personality, as well as its impact on quality of life (QOL). METHOD A retrospective cross-sectional study from an Epilepsy Unit from January 2007 to December 2017. All patients were diagnosed with DRE. Patients underwent a battery of tests (HADS, SCL-90R, PDQ-4+, QOLIE-31) and a psychiatrist assessed the presence of Axis-I disorders and IDD. Statistical procedures were carried out using R-4.0.1 software. RESULTS A total of 282 patients were included. A statistically significant association was found between IDD and mood and anxiety disorders (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05 respectively), and between IDD and higher scores in all HADS and SCL-90-R items compared to subjects without IDD (p < 0.001). A statistically significant association was also found between IDD and obsessive-compulsive, borderline and depressive personality disorder (p < 0.05). Scores in all QOLIE-31 items except for 'medication effects' were significantly lower in subjects with IDD compared with subjects without IDD (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In DRE, IDD subjects show differences in the psychopathological profile and QOL scores compared to subjects without a diagnosis of IDD. An early diagnosis of IDD could facilitate prompt interventions which might positively impact QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Monteagudo-Gimeno
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Benito Menni Mental HealthCare Complex, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - R Sánchez-González
- Department of Psychiatry, Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J Raduà-Castaño
- Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; FIDMAG Research Foundation, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Centre for Psychiatric Research and Education, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - L Fortea-González
- Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - T Boget-Llucià
- Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Carreño-Martínez
- Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Donaire-Pedraza
- Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - N Bargalló-Alabart
- Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - X Setoain-Perego
- Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Imaging Group, Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - J Rumià-Arboix
- Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Department, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - A Bulbena-Vilarrasa
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Addiccions, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - L Pintor-Pérez
- Biomedical Research Institute August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Clinical Institute of Neurosciences, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Consultation-Liaison Service, Department of Psychiatry, Institut de Neurociències. Universitat de Barcelona, Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Elbeh KAM, Elserogy YM, Hamid MF, Gabra RH. Personality traits in patients with refractory versus non-refractory epilepsy. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-021-00106-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Epilepsy has significant effects on the behavior of most people who suffer it. In some cases, the seizure activity itself is manifested as a brief change in behavior that might appear unusual to the casual observer. Evidence also suggests that epilepsy can affect behavior when seizures are not occurring. Descriptions of inter-ictal behavior in people with epilepsy have a long and controversial history. The study aims to assess the personality disorders among epileptic patients and impact of the severity of epilepsy on personality traits. Methods: This study is conducted upon 90 patients presented at outpatient clinic of epilepsy in Assiut University Hospital diagnosed as having epilepsy versus 40 cross-matched healthy controls. Patient group were classified into two groups (refractory versus controlled groups). All patients and control were subjected to (1) detailed medical interview. (2) Assessment of intelligence using The Arabic Version of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. (3) Conventional EEG study. (4) The Arabic Version of The Structured interview for the five-factor model of personality.
Results
A relationship was found between personality traits and the severity of epilepsy. When patients have more severe epilepsy, they often have a high seizure frequency, they use more antiepileptic medications. It is likely that in those patients the need for control is usually high (because seizures mean a loss of control). Regarding the five-factor model of personality which we used to assess the personality traits of our selected studied samples, we found that the five main domains of the scale which are neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness and conscientiousness differ markedly between the two groups of our patients. We found neuroticism was markedly increased at the refractory epileptic patients than the controlled epileptic ones, while extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness increased at the controlled epileptic patients than the refractory epileptic ones.
Conclusion
Patients with epilepsy have raised scores for several personality traits also those personality traits are different in patients with refractory and controlled epilepsy. Also, those personality traits are different compared with a control group from the general population.
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Akrout Brizard B, Limbu B, Baeza-Velasco C, Deb S. Association between epilepsy and psychiatric disorders in adults with intellectual disabilities: systematic review and meta-analysis. BJPsych Open 2021; 7:e95. [PMID: 33938422 PMCID: PMC8142548 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2021.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety, are commonly associated with epilepsy in the general population, but the relationship between psychiatric disorders and epilepsy among adults with intellectual disabilities is unclear. AIMS To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether epilepsy is associated with an increased rate of psychiatric disorders in adults with intellectual disabilities. METHOD We included literature published between 1985 and 2020 from four databases, and hand-searched six relevant journals. We assessed risk of bias by using SIGN 50 and the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Several meta-analyses were carried out. RESULTS We included 29 papers involving data on 9594 adults with intellectual disabilities, 3180 of whom had epilepsy and 6414 did not. Of the 11 controlled studies that compared the overall rate of psychiatric disorders between the epilepsy and non-epilepsy groups, seven did not show any significant inter-group difference. Meta-analysis was possible on pooled data from seven controlled studies, which did not show any significant inter-group difference in the overall rate of psychiatric disorders. The rates of psychotic disorders, depressive disorders and anxiety disorders were significantly higher in the non-epilepsy control groups compared with the epilepsy group, with effect sizes of 0.29, 0.47 and 0.58, respectively. Epilepsy-related factors did not show any definite association with psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS It is difficult to pool data from such heterogeneous studies and draw any definitive conclusion because most studies lacked an appropriately matched control group, which will be required for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Akrout Brizard
- Université de Paris, Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Processes, F-92100 Boulogne Billancourt, France
| | - Bharati Limbu
- Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Carolina Baeza-Velasco
- Laboratory of Psychopathology and Health Processes, Université de Paris, France; and Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, France
| | - Shoumitro Deb
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
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Baishya J, Ravish Rajiv K, Chandran A, Unnithan G, Menon RN, Thomas SV, Radhakrishnan A. Personality disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy: What do they signify? Acta Neurol Scand 2020; 142:210-215. [PMID: 32386463 DOI: 10.1111/ane.13259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of personality disorders in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) and compare it with general population and analyze their implications on treatment outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS TLE was diagnosed based on clinical history, MRI, and Video EEG data. IPDE-ICD10 screening questionnaire was applied to investigate personality disorder in 120 subjects, 60 cases, and 60 normal controls. Bear-Fedio inventory (BFI) was used to study different behavior traits in patients with TLE and controls. RESULTS Prevalence of personality disorders was higher (71.7% in cases versus 38.3% in controls) in patients with TLE compared to controls (P < .001). Some personality traits like schizoid (P = .002), dissocial (P = .001), impulsive (P = .003), anankastic (P < .001), anxious (P < .001), and dependent (P < .001) personalities were found to have high prevalence in TLE. Personality disorder was higher among those cases who had been tried on more than two antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) (P = .033) and in those with duration of illness more than 10 years (P = .026). Cases also showed significantly higher score in BFI for all behavioral traits except for aggression. No significant difference of BFI score was seen based on laterality of epileptic focus, gender, duration of illness, or number of AEDs tried. CONCLUSION There is a significantly higher prevalence of personality disorders in patients with TLE. Specific interventions for these disorders should be considered at the earliest pari passu with AEDs and surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitupam Baishya
- R.Madhavan Nayar Center for Comprehensive Epilepsy Care Department of Neurology Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Keni Ravish Rajiv
- R.Madhavan Nayar Center for Comprehensive Epilepsy Care Department of Neurology Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Anuvitha Chandran
- R.Madhavan Nayar Center for Comprehensive Epilepsy Care Department of Neurology Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Gopeekrishnan Unnithan
- R.Madhavan Nayar Center for Comprehensive Epilepsy Care Department of Neurology Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Ramshekhar N. Menon
- R.Madhavan Nayar Center for Comprehensive Epilepsy Care Department of Neurology Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Sanjeev V. Thomas
- R.Madhavan Nayar Center for Comprehensive Epilepsy Care Department of Neurology Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Thiruvananthapuram India
| | - Ashalatha Radhakrishnan
- R.Madhavan Nayar Center for Comprehensive Epilepsy Care Department of Neurology Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology Thiruvananthapuram India
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Alekhina TA, Kozhemyakina RV. Modeling of Focal Seizures with Automatisms in Rats with Pendulum Movements. Bull Exp Biol Med 2019; 168:300-303. [PMID: 31776950 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-019-04695-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypical study was carried out in rats with pendulum movements. The animals exhibited a high level of abortive seizures in response to audiogenic stimuli and longer postictal catalepsy in comparison with those in Wistar population. Seizure severity positively correlated with the duration of poststimulus catalepsy (r=0.90). High aggressiveness towards humans, the absence of BP elevation in stress, lower body weights, and lower weights of the kidneys and spleen in PM rats are considered concomitant traits. Correlations were detected between startle-1 and BP in rats with pendulum movements (r=0.70) and between startle-10 and BP in narcotized Wistar rats (r=-0.0.71). The newly described signs in rats with pendulum movements did not contradict the signs of the focal seizure model with typical automatisms in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Alekhina
- Laboratory of Evolutional Genetics, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.
| | - R V Kozhemyakina
- Laboratory of Evolutional Genetics, Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Demirci K, Demirci S, Taşkıran E, Kutluhan S. The effects of temperament and character traits on perceived social support and quality of life in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2017; 74:22-26. [PMID: 28668603 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the effect of temperament and character traits on perceived social support and quality of life in patients with epilepsy (PWE). METHODS Fifty-two PWE and 54 healthy controls were included in this study. Demographics and clinical data were recorded. Temperament and Character traits were investigated using Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Perceived Social Support was evaluated by Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS), and quality of life was assessed using a 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). Participants also completed the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS TCI and MSPSS scores showed no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). Mental and physical subscales of SF-36 were significantly lower in PWE than the controls (p=0.012, p=0.020, respectively). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that Reward Dependence and Cooperativeness were independent predictors for perceived social support, and Persistence score was an independent predictor for the physical subscale of SF-36 even after adjustment for confounding background variables (p<0.05, for all). CONCLUSION Temperament and character traits may affect perceived social support and quality of life in PWE. Thus, an evaluation of temperament and character traits may play a significant role in preventing negative effects on perceived social support and quality of life in PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadir Demirci
- Department of Psychiatry, ASV Life Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Seden Demirci
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Esra Taşkıran
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Kutluhan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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