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Xu Y, Li FL, Li LL, Chen X, Meiners SJ, Kong CH. Discrimination of relatedness drives rice flowering and reproduction in cultivar mixtures. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024. [PMID: 39038946 DOI: 10.1111/pce.15055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
The improvement of performance and yield in both cultivar and species mixtures has been well established. Despite the clear benefits of crop mixtures to agriculture, identifying the critical mechanisms behind performance increases are largely lacking. We experimentally demonstrated that the benefits of rice cultivar mixtures were linked to relatedness-mediated intraspecific neighbour recognition and discrimination under both field and controlled conditions. We then tested biochemical mechanisms of responses in incubation experiments involving the addition of root exudates and a root-secreted signal, (-)-loliolide, followed by transcriptome analysis. We found that closely related cultivar mixtures increased grain yields by modifying root behaviour and accelerating flowering over distantly related mixtures. Importantly, these responses were accompanied by altered concentration of signalling (-)-loliolide that affected rice transcriptome profiling, directly regulating root growth and flowering gene expression. These findings suggest that beneficial crop combinations may be generated a-priori by manipulating neighbour genetic relatedness in rice cultivar mixtures and that root-secreted (-)-loliolide functions as a key mediator of genetic relatedness interactions. The ability of relatedness discrimination to regulate rice flowering and yield raises an intriguing possibility to increase crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Xu
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Li Li
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei-Lei Li
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Scott J Meiners
- Department of Biological Sciences, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois, USA
| | - Chui-Hua Kong
- Department of Ecology, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Alaux PL, Courty PE, Fréville H, David J, Rocher A, Taschen E. Wheat dwarfing reshapes plant and fungal development in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis. MYCORRHIZA 2024; 34:351-360. [PMID: 38816524 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-024-01150-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
The introduction of Reduced height (Rht) dwarfing genes into elite wheat varieties has contributed to enhanced yield gain in high input agrosystems by preventing lodging. Yet, how modern selection for dwarfing has affected symbiosis remains poorly documented. In this study, we evaluated the response of both the plant and the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus to plant genetic variation at a major Quantitative Trait Locus called QTL 4B2, known to harbor a Rht dwarfing gene, when forming the symbiosis. We used twelve inbred genotypes derived from a diversity base broadened durum wheat Evolutionary Pre-breeding Population and genotyped with a high-throughput Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array. In a microcosm setup segregating roots and the extra-radical mycelium, each wheat genotype was grown with or without the presence of Rhizophagus irregularis. To characterize arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, we assessed hyphal density, root colonization, spore production, and plant biomass. Additionally, we split the variation of these variables due either to genotypes or to the Rht dwarfing genes alone. The fungus exhibited greater development in the roots of Dwarf plants compared to non-Dwarf plants, showing increases of 27%, 37% and 51% in root colonization, arbuscules, and vesicles, respectively. In addition, the biomass of the extra-radical fungal structures increased by around 31% in Dwarf plants. The biomass of plant roots decreased by about 43% in mycorrhizal Dwarf plants. Interestingly, extraradical hyphal production was found to be partly genetically determined with no significant effect of Rht, as for plant biomasses. In contrast, variations in root colonization, arbuscules and extraradical spore production were explained by Rht dwarfing genes. Finally, when mycorrhizal, Dwarf plants had significantly lower total P content, pointing towards a less beneficial symbiosis for the plant and increased profit for the fungus. These results highlight the effect of Rht dwarfing genes on both root and fungal development. This calls for further research into the molecular mechanisms governing these effects, as well as changes in plant physiology, and their implications for fostering arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in sustainable agrosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Louis Alaux
- UMR 7205, Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE, UA, 75005, Paris, France
- Agroécologie, Institut Agro Dijon, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, INRAE, Dijon, France
- AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
- UMR Eco & Sols, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Place Viala, 34060, Montpellier cedex 2, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Hélène Fréville
- AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Jacques David
- AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Aline Rocher
- AGAP Institut, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Elisa Taschen
- UMR Eco & Sols, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Place Viala, 34060, Montpellier cedex 2, Montpellier, France.
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Salse J, Barnard RL, Veneault-Fourrey C, Rouached H. Strategies for breeding crops for future environments. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 29:303-318. [PMID: 37833181 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
The green revolution successfully increased agricultural output in the early 1960s by relying primarily on three pillars: plant breeding, irrigation, and chemical fertilization. Today, the need to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, water scarcity, and future environmental changes, together with a growing population, requires innovative strategies to adapt to a new context and prevent food shortages. Therefore, scientists from around the world are directing their efforts to breed crops for future environments to sustainably produce more nutritious food. Herein, we propose scientific avenues to be reinforced in selecting varieties, including crop wild relatives, either for monoculture or mixed cropping systems, taking advantage of plant-microbial interactions, while considering the diversity of organisms associated with crops and unlocking combinatorial nutritional stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Salse
- UCA-INRAE UMR 1095 Genetics, Diversity, and Ecophysiology of Cereals (GDEC), 5 Chemin de Beaulieu, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Romain L Barnard
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Claire Veneault-Fourrey
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, Unité Mixte de Recherche Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes, F-54000 Nancy, France
| | - Hatem Rouached
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA; The Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
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Lanzavecchia G, Frascarelli G, Rocchetti L, Bellucci E, Bitocchi E, Di Vittori V, Sillo F, Ferraris I, Carta G, Delledonne M, Nanni L, Papa R. Genotype Combinations Drive Variability in the Microbiome Configuration of the Rhizosphere of Maize/Bean Intercropping System. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1288. [PMID: 38279288 PMCID: PMC10815965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In an intercropping system, the interplay between cereals and legumes, which is strongly driven by the complementarity of below-ground structures and their interactions with the soil microbiome, raises a fundamental query: Can different genotypes alter the configuration of the rhizosphere microbial communities? To address this issue, we conducted a field study, probing the effects of intercropping and diverse maize (Zea mays L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Phaseolus coccineus L.) genotype combinations. Through amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes from rhizosphere samples, our results unveil that the intercropping condition alters the rhizosphere bacterial communities, but that the degree of this impact is substantially affected by specific genotype combinations. Overall, intercropping allows the recruitment of exclusive bacterial species and enhances community complexity. Nevertheless, combinations of maize and bean genotypes determine two distinct groups characterized by higher or lower bacterial community diversity and complexity, which are influenced by the specific bean line associated. Moreover, intercropped maize lines exhibit varying propensities in recruiting bacterial members with more responsive lines showing preferential interactions with specific microorganisms. Our study conclusively shows that genotype has an impact on the rhizosphere microbiome and that a careful selection of genotype combinations for both species involved is essential to achieve compatibility optimization in intercropping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Lanzavecchia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.L.); (G.F.); (L.R.); (E.B.); (E.B.); (V.D.V.)
| | - Giulia Frascarelli
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.L.); (G.F.); (L.R.); (E.B.); (E.B.); (V.D.V.)
| | - Lorenzo Rocchetti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.L.); (G.F.); (L.R.); (E.B.); (E.B.); (V.D.V.)
| | - Elisa Bellucci
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.L.); (G.F.); (L.R.); (E.B.); (E.B.); (V.D.V.)
| | - Elena Bitocchi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.L.); (G.F.); (L.R.); (E.B.); (E.B.); (V.D.V.)
| | - Valerio Di Vittori
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.L.); (G.F.); (L.R.); (E.B.); (E.B.); (V.D.V.)
| | - Fabiano Sillo
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy;
| | - Irene Ferraris
- Department of Biotechnologies, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (I.F.); (G.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Giada Carta
- Department of Biotechnologies, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (I.F.); (G.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Massimo Delledonne
- Department of Biotechnologies, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (I.F.); (G.C.); (M.D.)
| | - Laura Nanni
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.L.); (G.F.); (L.R.); (E.B.); (E.B.); (V.D.V.)
| | - Roberto Papa
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (G.L.); (G.F.); (L.R.); (E.B.); (E.B.); (V.D.V.)
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Rahajaharilaza K, Muller B, Violle C, Brocke KV, Ramavovololona, Morel JB, Balini E, Fort F. Upland rice varietal mixtures in Madagascar: evaluating the effects of varietal interaction on crop performance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1266704. [PMID: 38053764 PMCID: PMC10694222 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1266704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Rice plays a critical role in human livelihoods and food security. However, its cultivation requires inputs that are not accessible to all farming communities and can have negative effects on ecosystems. simultaneously, ecological research demonstrates that biodiversity management within fields contributes to ecosystem functioning. Methods This study aims to evaluate the mixture effect of four functionally distinct rice varieties in terms of characteristics and agronomic performance and their spatial arrangement on the upland rice performance in the highlands of Madagascar. The study was conducted during the 2021-2022 rainfall season at two close sites in Madagascar. Both site differ from each other's in soil properties and soil fertility management. The experimental design at each site included three modalities: i) plot composition, i.e., pure stand or binary mixture; ii) the balance between the varieties within a mixture; iii) and for the balanced mixture (50% of each variety), the spatial arrangement, i.e., row or checkerboard patterns. Data were collected on yields (grain and biomass), and resistance to Striga asiatica infestation, Pyricularia oryzea and bacterial leaf blight (BLB) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae-pv from each plot. Results and discussion Varietal mixtures produced significantly higher grain and biomass yields, and significantly lower incidence of Pyricularia oryzea compared to pure stands. No significant differences were observed for BLB and striga infestation. These effects were influenced by site fertility, the less fertilized site showed stronger mixture effects with greater gains in grain yield (60%) and biomass yield (42%). The most unbalanced repartition (75% and 25% of each variety) showed the greatest mixture effect for grain yield at both sites, with a strong impact of the varietal identity within the plot. The mixture was most effective when EARLY_MUTANT_IAC_165 constituted 75% of the density associated with other varieties at 25% density. The assessment of the net effect ratio of disease, an index evaluating the mixture effect in disease reduction, indicated improved disease resistance in mixtures, regardless of site conditions. Our study in limited environments suggests that varietal mixtures can enhance rice productivity, especially in low-input situations. Further research is needed to understand the ecological mechanisms behind the positive mixture effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koloina Rahajaharilaza
- University of Antananarivo, Faculty of Sciences, Antananarivo, Madagascar
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- Dispositif en Partenariat Système de Production d’Altitudes Durable, CIRAD, Antsirabe, Madagascar
| | - Bertrand Muller
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- Dispositif en Partenariat Système de Production d’Altitudes Durable, CIRAD, Antsirabe, Madagascar
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Cyrille Violle
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Kirsten vom Brocke
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, Montpellier, France
- UMR AGAP Institut, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Ramavovololona
- University of Antananarivo, Faculty of Sciences, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Jean Benoît Morel
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Elsa Balini
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Florian Fort
- CEFE, Univ. Montpellier, L’Institut Agro, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
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Ding L, Zhao HH, Li HY, Yang XF, Kong CH. Kin Recognition in an Herbicide-Resistant Barnyardgrass ( Echinochloa crus-galli L.) Biotype. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1498. [PMID: 37050124 PMCID: PMC10096639 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing evidence of kin recognition in natural and crop plants, there is a lack of knowledge of kin recognition in herbicide-resistant weeds that are escalating in cropping systems. Here, we identified a penoxsulam-resistant barnyardgrass biotype with the ability for kin recognition from two biotypes of penoxsulam-susceptible barnyardgrass and normal barnyardgrass at different levels of relatedness. When grown with closely related penoxsulam-susceptible barnyardgrass, penoxsulam-resistant barnyardgrass reduced root growth and distribution, lowering belowground competition, and advanced flowering and increased seed production, enhancing reproductive effectiveness. However, such kin recognition responses were not occurred in the presence of distantly related normal barnyardgrass. Root segregation, soil activated carbon amendment, and root exudates incubation indicated chemically-mediated kin recognition among barnyardgrass biotypes. Interestingly, penoxsulam-resistant barnyardgrass significantly reduced a putative signaling (-)-loliolide production in the presence of closely related biotype but increased production when growing with distantly related biotype and more distantly related interspecific allelopathic rice cultivar. Importantly, genetically identical penoxsulam-resistant and -susceptible barnyardgrass biotypes synergistically interact to influence the action of allelopathic rice cultivar. Therefore, kin recognition in plants could also occur at the herbicide-resistant barnyardgrass biotype level, and intraspecific kin recognition may facilitate cooperation between genetically related biotypes to compete with interspecific rice, offering many potential implications and applications in paddy systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Ding
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (H.-Y.L.)
| | - Huan-Huan Zhao
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China;
| | - Hong-Yu Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (H.-Y.L.)
| | - Xue-Fang Yang
- College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071000, China;
| | - Chui-Hua Kong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (L.D.); (H.-Y.L.)
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Becker C, Berthomé R, Delavault P, Flutre T, Fréville H, Gibot-Leclerc S, Le Corre V, Morel JB, Moutier N, Muños S, Richard-Molard C, Westwood J, Courty PE, de Saint Germain A, Louarn G, Roux F. The ecologically relevant genetics of plant-plant interactions. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:31-42. [PMID: 36114125 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Interactions among plants have been long recognized as a major force driving plant community dynamics and crop yield. Surprisingly, our knowledge of the ecological genetics associated with variation of plant-plant interactions remains limited. In this opinion article by scientists from complementary disciplines, the international PLANTCOM network identified four timely questions to foster a better understanding of the mechanisms mediating plant assemblages. We propose that by identifying the key relationships among phenotypic traits involved in plant-plant interactions and the underlying adaptive genetic and molecular pathways, while considering environmental fluctuations at diverse spatial and time scales, we can improve predictions of genotype-by-genotype-by-environment interactions and modeling of productive and stable plant assemblages in wild habitats and crop fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Becker
- Genetics, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig Maximilians-University, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Richard Berthomé
- LIPME, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Timothée Flutre
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, CNRS, AgroParisTech, UMR GQE-Le Moulon, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Hélène Fréville
- AGAP, Université Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Gibot-Leclerc
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université du Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Valérie Le Corre
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université du Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Benoit Morel
- PHIM Plant Health Institute, Université Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Moutier
- Institute for Genetics, Environment and Plant Protection (IGEPP), INRAE, Institut Agro, Université Rennes 1, 35650 Le Rheu, France
| | - Stéphane Muños
- LIPME, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Céline Richard-Molard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR EcoSys, 78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - James Westwood
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Courty
- Agroécologie, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université du Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Alexandre de Saint Germain
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000 Versailles, France
| | | | - Fabrice Roux
- LIPME, INRAE, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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Sahelian smallholders’ varietal mixtures reconcile yield and agrobiodiversity conservation. Basic Appl Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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