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Segura V, Rasia LL, Candela AM, Flores DA. Postnatal Skull Development Reveals a Conservative Pattern in Living and Fossil Vizcachas Genus Lagostomus (Rodentia, Chinchillidae). J Morphol 2024; 285:e21775. [PMID: 39256990 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
The plains vizcacha, Lagostomus maximus, is the only living species in the genus, being notably larger than fossil congeneric species, such as Lagostomus incisus, from the Pliocene of Argentina and Uruguay. Here, we compare the skull growth allometric pattern and sexual dimorphism of L. maximus and L. incisus, relating shape and size changes with skull function. We also test whether the ontogenetic trajectories and allometric trends between both sexes of L. maximus follow the same pattern. A common allometric pattern between both species was the elongation of the skull, a product of the lengthening of rostrum, and chondrogenesis on the spheno-occipitalis synchondrosis and coronalis suture. We also detected a low proportion of skull suture fusion. In some variables, older male specimens did not represent a simple linear extension of female trajectory, and all dimorphic traits were related to the development of the masticatory muscles. Sexual dimorphism previously attributed to L. incisus would indicate that this phenomenon was present in the genus since the early Pliocene and suggests social behaviors such as polygyny and male-male competition. Ontogenetic changes in L. incisus were similar to L. maximus, showing a conservative condition of the genus. Only two changes were different in the ontogeny of both species, which appeared earlier in L. incisus compared to L. maximus: the development of the frontal process of the nasals in a square shape, and the straight shape of the occipital bone in lateral view. Juveniles of L. maximus were close to adult L. incisus in the morphospace, suggesting a peramorphic process. The sequence of suture and synchondroses fusion showed minor differences in temporozygomatica and frontonasalis sutures, indicating major mechanical stress in L. maximus related to size. We suggest a generalized growth path in Chinchillidae, but further analyses are necessary at an evolutionary level, including Lagidium and Chinchilla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Segura
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-Fundación Miguel Lillo), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Luciano L Rasia
- CONICET, División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Adriana M Candela
- CONICET, División Paleontología Vertebrados, Museo de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - David A Flores
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-Fundación Miguel Lillo), San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
- Instituto de Vertebrados, Fundación Miguel Lillo, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
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2
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Astudillo-Clavijo V, Varella H, Mankis T, López-Fernández H. Historical Field Records Reveal Habitat as an Ecological Correlate of Locomotor Phenotypic Diversity in the Radiation of Neotropical Geophagini Fishes. Am Nat 2024; 204:147-164. [PMID: 39008839 DOI: 10.1086/730783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
AbstractPhenotypic macroevolutionary studies provide insight into how ecological processes shape biodiversity. However, the complexity of phenotype-ecology relationships underscores the importance of also validating phenotype-based ecological inference with direct evidence of resource use. Unfortunately, macroevolutionary-scale ecological studies are often hindered by the challenges of acquiring taxonomically and spatially representative ecological data for large and widely distributed clades. The South American cichlid fish tribe Geophagini represents a continentally distributed radiation whose early locomotor morphological divergence suggests habitat as one ecological correlate of diversification, but an association between locomotor traits and habitat preference has not been corroborated. Field notes accumulated over decades of collecting across South America provide firsthand environmental records that can be mined for habitat data in support of macroevolutionary ecological research. In this study, we applied a newly developed method to transform descriptive field note information into quantitative habitat data and used it to assess habitat preference and its relationship to locomotor morphology in Geophagini. Field note-derived data shed light on geophagine habitat use patterns and reinforced habitat as an ecological correlate of locomotor morphological diversity. Our work emphasizes the rich data potential of museum collections, including often-overlooked material such as field notes, for evolutionary and ecological research.
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3
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Burress ED, Hart PB. Pelagic zone is an evolutionary catalyst, but an ecological dead end, for North American minnows. Evolution 2024; 78:1396-1404. [PMID: 38644756 DOI: 10.1093/evolut/qpae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
The colonization of a novel geographic area is a classic source of ecological opportunity. Likewise, complex microhabitats are thought to promote biodiversity. We sought to reconcile these two predictions when they are naturally opposing outcomes. We assess the macroevolutionary consequences of an ancestral shift from benthic to pelagic microhabitat zones on rates of speciation and phenotypic evolution in North American minnows. Pelagic species have more similar phenotypes and slower rates of phenotypic evolution, but faster speciation rates, than benthic species. These are likely two independent, opposing responses to specialization along the benthic-pelagic axis, as rates of phenotypic evolution and speciation are not directly correlated. The pelagic zone is more structurally homogenous and offers less ecological opportunity, acting as an ecological dead end for minnows. In contrast, pelagic species may be more mobile and prone to dispersal and subsequent geographic isolation and, consequently, experience elevated instances of allopatric speciation. Microhabitat shifts can have decoupled effects on different dimensions of biodiversity, highlighting the need for nuance when interpreting the macroevolutionary consequences of ecological opportunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward D Burress
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States
| | - Pamela B Hart
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States
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4
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Labaroni CA, Mairhofer VAPC, Ojeda AA, Novillo A, Teta P, Jayat P, Ojeda RA, Buschiazzo LM, Cálcena EN, Bolzán AD, Lanzone C. Revision and analysis of the chromosome variability in the speciose genus Akodon (Rodentia, Sigmodontinae), including new data from Argentina. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2023; 95:e20200393. [PMID: 38055607 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320200393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rodentia has a high species number and chromosomal variability. The South American genus Akodon is one of the most speciose muroids, with more than 40 species included in several species groups. Here, we characterize cytogenetically specimens of Akodon from central-western Argentina. Subsequently, we reviewed and analyzed the cytogenetic data for this genus, build a phylogeny and mapped chromosome changes to interpret its evolution. Specimens of A. dolores from central-western Argentina have 2n=42-44/FNa=44 (46, 48) due to a Robertsonian rearrangement. Our data expand the distribution range known for this polymorphism and confirm its geographic structure. Other specimens had 2n=40/FNa=40, representing populations of A. oenos, A. polopi, and A. spegazzinii. All karyotypes have a low amount of heterochromatin, concentrated in centromeres and sex chromosomes, as in other rodents. The complement with 2n=40/FNa=40 is the most frequent in Akodon and is shared by most species in some groups. Chromosome numbers are very diverse. The FNa shows less variability; FNa=42 was recovered as ancestral, excluding A. mimus, which was connected at the base of the Akodon tree and has FNa=44. This indicates a complex chromosome evolution in Akodon, and suggests that reductions and increases in the 2n and FNa evolved independently in some lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina A Labaroni
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Instituto de Biología Subtropical, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Calle Félix de Azara 1552, 3300 Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Vaitiare A Paez Coll Mairhofer
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Instituto de Biología Subtropical, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Calle Félix de Azara 1552, 3300 Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Agustina A Ojeda
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Zonas Áridas - CCT Mendoza, Laboratorio de Filogeografía, Taxonomía Integrativa y Ecología (LFTIE), Av. Ruiz Leal, s/n, Parque Gral. San Martín, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Agustina Novillo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Tucumán, Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical CCT, Residencia Universitaria Horco Molle, s/n, 4017 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Pablo Teta
- Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", División Mastozoología, Av. Angel Gallardo, 470, C1405DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo Jayat
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Fundación M. Lillo, Unidad Ejecutora Lillo, Calle Miguel Lillo 251, San Miguel de Tucumán, 4000 Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Ricardo A Ojeda
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Zonas Áridas - CCT Mendoza, Laboratorio de Filogeografía, Taxonomía Integrativa y Ecología (LFTIE), Av. Ruiz Leal, s/n, Parque Gral. San Martín, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Leandro M Buschiazzo
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Instituto de Biología Subtropical, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Calle Félix de Azara 1552, 3300 Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
| | - Eugenio N Cálcena
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE, CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP), Laboratorio de Citogenética y Mutagénesis, Calle 526 y Camino General Belgrano, La Plata, B1906APO Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de Quilmes, Av. Roque Sáenz Peña 352, Bernal, B1876BXD Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro D Bolzán
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Celular (IMBICE, CONICET-CICPBA-UNLP), Laboratorio de Citogenética y Mutagénesis, Calle 526 y Camino General Belgrano, La Plata, B1906APO Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Avenida 122 y 60, La Plata, 1900 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Lanzone
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional de Misiones, Instituto de Biología Subtropical, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Químicas y Naturales, Laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva, Calle Félix de Azara 1552, 3300 Posadas, Misiones, Argentina
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Nanglu K, de Carle D, Cullen TM, Anderson EB, Arif S, Castañeda RA, Chang LM, Iwama RE, Fellin E, Manglicmot RC, Massey MD, Astudillo‐Clavijo V. The nature of science: The fundamental role of natural history in ecology, evolution, conservation, and education. Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10621. [PMID: 37877102 PMCID: PMC10591213 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a contemporary trend in many major research institutions to de-emphasize the importance of natural history education in favor of theoretical, laboratory, or simulation-based research programs. This may take the form of removing biodiversity and field courses from the curriculum and the sometimes subtle maligning of natural history research as a "lesser" branch of science. Additional threats include massive funding cuts to natural history museums and the maintenance of their collections, the extirpation of taxonomists across disciplines, and a critical under-appreciation of the role that natural history data (and other forms of observational data, including Indigenous knowledge) play in the scientific process. In this paper, we demonstrate that natural history knowledge is integral to any competitive science program through a comprehensive review of the ways in which they continue to shape modern theory and the public perception of science. We do so by reviewing how natural history research has guided the disciplines of ecology, evolution, and conservation and how natural history data are crucial for effective education programs and public policy. We underscore these insights with contemporary case studies, including: how understanding the dynamics of evolutionary radiation relies on natural history data; methods for extracting novel data from museum specimens; insights provided by multi-decade natural history programs; and how natural history is the most logical venue for creating an informed and scientifically literate society. We conclude with recommendations aimed at students, university faculty, and administrators for integrating and supporting natural history in their mandates. Fundamentally, we are all interested in understanding the natural world, but we can often fall into the habit of abstracting our research away from its natural contexts and complexities. Doing so risks losing sight of entire vistas of new questions and insights in favor of an over-emphasis on simulated or overly controlled studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karma Nanglu
- Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary BiologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | - Danielle de Carle
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyUniversity of TorontoTorontoOntarioCanada
- Department of Invertebrate ZoologyRoyal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Thomas M. Cullen
- Department of GeosciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA
- Negaunee Integrative Research CenterField Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Erika B. Anderson
- The HunterianUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
- Department of Earth and SpaceRoyal Ontario MuseumTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Suchinta Arif
- Department of BiologyDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Rowshyra A. Castañeda
- Ecosystems and Ocean SciencesPacific Region, Fisheries and Oceans CanadaSidneyBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | | | - Rafael Eiji Iwama
- Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Instituto de BiociênciasUniversidade de São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Erica Fellin
- Department of BiologyMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
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6
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Segura V, Flores D, Deferrari G. Comparison of skull growth in two ecosystem modifiers: Beavers Castor canadensis (Rodentia: Castoridae) and muskrats Ondatra zibethicus (Rodentia: Cricetidae). ZOOL ANZ 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcz.2023.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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7
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Barbero S, Teta P, Cassini GH. An ecomorphological approach to the relationship between craniomandibular morphology and diet in sigmodontine rodents from central-eastern Argentina. ZOOLOGY 2023; 156:126066. [PMID: 36563591 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2022.126066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The key role of the skull in food intake and processing implicates its morphology should be to some extent adapted to the functional demands present in different diets, while also showing similarities between those which are closely related. Sigmodontine rodents, with a generalist body plan and broad dietary habits, are an interesting case study to explore these relationships. We used linear morphometrics to assess craniomandibular morphology, and explored its relationship with dietary composition and phylogeny in a sample of sigmodontines from central-eastern Argentina, representative of this subfamily's morphological and ecological diversity. We took 26 measurements performed on 558 specimens belonging to 22 species, and resorted to bibliographic information for proportion of food items in their diets, dietary categories, and phylogeny. Multivariate statistical analyses revealed a strong evolutionary integration between morphological traits of crania and mandibles, and a conspicuous relationship between them and dietary composition in our study group, independent of phylogeny. Species of larger sizes exhibited more robust skulls and a tendency towards folivorous diets, whereas smaller species had more gracile craniomandibular apparatuses and diets richer in seeds and invertebrates. Additionally, we used the observed patterns to made predictions of dietary categories for the three species of this region with unknown diets, completing the map of feeding ecology of one of the most researched group of sigmodontines and enabling future studies to further explore this topic. The present work contributes to understanding the link between morphology, ecology and phylogeny in small mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Barbero
- Laboratorio de Biología Integral de Sistemas Evolutivos, Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA - CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, Intendente Güiraldes 2160, C1428EHA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina.
| | - Pablo Teta
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; División Mastozoología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405 Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Guillermo Hernán Cassini
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Ruta 5 y, Av. Constitución, Luján, B6700 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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Salazar-Bravo J, Tinoco N, Zeballos H, Brito J, Arenas-Viveros D, Marín-C D, Ramírez-Fernández JD, Percequillo AR, Lee, Jr. TE, Solari S, Colmenares-Pinzon J, Nivelo C, Rodríguez Herrera B, Merino W, Medina CE, Murillo-García O, Pardiñas UF. Systematics and diversification of the Ichthyomyini (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae) revisited: evidence from molecular, morphological, and combined approaches. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14319. [PMID: 36655048 PMCID: PMC9841913 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ichthyomyini, a morphologically distinctive group of Neotropical cricetid rodents, lacks an integrative study of its systematics and biogeography. Since this tribe is a crucial element of the Sigmodontinae, the most speciose subfamily of the Cricetidae, we conducted a study that includes most of its recognized diversity (five genera and 19 species distributed from southern Mexico to northern Bolivia). For this report we analyzed a combined matrix composed of four molecular markers (RBP3, GHR, RAG1, Cytb) and 56 morphological traits, the latter including 15 external, 14 cranial, 19 dental, five soft-anatomical and three postcranial features. A variety of results were obtained, some of which are inconsistent with the currently accepted classification and understanding of the tribe. Ichthyomyini is retrieved as monophyletic, and it is divided into two main clades that are here recognized as subtribes: one to contain the genus Anotomys and the other composed by the remaining genera. Neusticomys (as currently recognized) was found to consist of two well supported clades, one of which corresponds to the original concept of Daptomys. Accordingly, we propose the resurrection of the latter as a valid genus to include several species from low to middle elevations and restrict Neusticomys to several highland forms. Numerous other revisions are necessary to reconcile the alpha taxonomy of ichthyomyines with our phylogenetic results, including placement of the Cajas Plateau water rat (formerly Chibchanomys orcesi) in the genus Neusticomys (sensu stricto), and the recognition of at least two new species (one in Neusticomys, one in Daptomys). Additional work is necessary to confirm other unanticipated results, such as the non-monophyletic nature of Rheomys and the presence of a possible new genus and species from Peru. Our results also suggest that ichthyomyines are one of the main Andean radiations of sigmodontine cricetids, with an evolutionary history dating to the Late Miocene and subsequent cladogenesis during the Pleistocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Salazar-Bravo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States
- Instituto de Ecologia, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Nicolás Tinoco
- Museo de Zoología Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - Jorge Brito
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador
| | | | - David Marín-C
- Colección Teriológica, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia
| | | | - Alexandre R. Percequillo
- Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thomas E. Lee, Jr.
- Department of Biology, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas, United States
| | - Sergio Solari
- Instituto de Biología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellin, Antioquia, Colombia
| | - Javier Colmenares-Pinzon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, United States
- Grupo de Estudios en Biodiversidad, Escuela de Biología, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia
| | - Carlos Nivelo
- Museo de Zoologia, Escuela de Biología, Universidad del Azuay, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
| | | | - William Merino
- Escuela de Biología, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Cesar E. Medina
- Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional de San Agustin, Arequipa, Arequipa, Peru
| | - Oscar Murillo-García
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Ulyses F.J. Pardiñas
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
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9
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Miranda CL, Farias IP, Da Silva MNF, Antonelli A, Machado AF, Leite RN, Nunes MDS, De Oliveira TG, Pieczarka JC. Diversification of Amazonian spiny tree rats in genus Makalata (Rodentia, Echimyidae): Cryptic diversity, geographic structure and drivers of speciation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276475. [PMID: 36520936 PMCID: PMC9754209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Amazonian mammal diversity is exceptionally high, yet new taxonomic discoveries continue to be made and many questions remain for understanding its diversification through time and space. Here we investigate the diversification of spiny rats in the genus Makalata, whose species are strongly associated with seasonally flooded forests, watercourses and flooded islands. We use a biogeographical approach based on a mitochondrial cytochrome b gene through divergence time estimation and reconstruction of ancestral areas and events. Our findings indicate an ancient origin of Makalata for the Guiana Shield and Eastern Amazonia as ancestral area. A first cladogenetic event led to a phylogeographic break into two broader clades of Makalata through dispersal, implying a pattern of western/Eastern Amazonian clades coinciding with the Purus Arch (middle Miocene). Most of subclades we infer originated between the late Pliocene to the early Pleistocene, with few recent exceptions in the early Pliocene through dispersal and vicariant events. The hypothesis of rivers as dispersal barriers is not corroborated for Makalata, as expected for mammalian species associated with seasonally flooded environments. We identify two key events for the expansion and diversification of Makalata species: the presence of geologically stable areas in the Guiana and Brazilian shields and the transition from lacustrine conditions in western Amazonia (Acre system) to a river system, with the establishment of the Amazon River transcontinental system and its tributaries. Our results are congruent with older geological scenarios for the Amazon basin formation (Miocene), but we do not discard the influence of recent dynamics on some speciation events and, mainly, on phylogeographic structuring processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cleuton Lima Miranda
- Postgraduate Program in Zoology of the Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
- Laboratory of Animal Evolution and Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Izeni Pires Farias
- Laboratory of Animal Evolution and Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Antonelli
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, United Kingdom
| | - Arielli Fabrício Machado
- Laboratory of Animal Evolution and Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology, National Amazon Research Institute, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Rafael N. Leite
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology, National Amazon Research Institute, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Mario Da Silva Nunes
- Laboratory of Animal Evolution and Genetics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Julio Cesar Pieczarka
- Cytogenetics Laboratory, Center for Advanced Biodiversity Studies, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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10
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Anderson SAS, López-Fernández H, Weir JT. Ecology and the origin of non-ephemeral species. Am Nat 2022; 201:619-638. [PMID: 37130236 DOI: 10.1086/723763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractResearch over the past three decades has shown that ecology-based extrinsic reproductive barriers can rapidly arise to generate incipient species-but such barriers can also rapidly dissolve when environments change, resulting in incipient species collapse. Understanding the evolution of unconditional, "intrinsic" reproductive barriers is therefore important for understanding the longer-term buildup of biodiversity. In this article, we consider ecology's role in the evolution of intrinsic reproductive isolation. We suggest that this topic has fallen into a gap between disciplines: while evolutionary ecologists have traditionally focused on the rapid evolution of extrinsic isolation between co-occurring ecotypes, speciation geneticists studying intrinsic isolation in other taxa have devoted little attention to the ecological context in which it evolves. We argue that for evolutionary ecology to close this gap, the field will have to expand its focus beyond rapid adaptation and its traditional model systems. Synthesizing data from several subfields, we present circumstantial evidence for and against different forms of ecological adaptation as promoters of intrinsic isolation and discuss alternative forces that may be significant. We conclude by outlining complementary approaches that can better address the role of ecology in the evolution of nonephemeral reproductive barriers and, by extension, less ephemeral species.
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11
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Maestri R, Luza AL, Hartz SM, de Freitas TRO, Patterson BD. Bridging macroecology and macroevolution in the radiation of sigmodontine rodents. Evolution 2022; 76:1790-1805. [PMID: 35794070 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Investigations of phenotypic disparity across geography often ignore macroevolutionary processes. As a corollary, the random null expectations to which disparity is compared and interpreted may be unrealistic. We tackle this issue by representing, in geographical space, distinct processes of phenotypic evolution underlying ecological disparity. Under divergent natural selection, assemblages in a given region should have empirical disparity higher than expected under an evolutionarily oriented null model, whereas the opposite may indicate constraints on phenotypic evolution. We gathered phylogenies, biogeographic distributions, and data on the skull morphology of sigmodontine rodents to discover which regions of the Neotropics were more influenced by divergent, neutral, or constrained phenotypic evolution. We found that regions with higher disparity than expected by the evolutionary-oriented null model, in terms of both size and shape, were concentrated in the Atlantic Forest, suggesting a larger role for divergent natural selection there. Phenotypic disparity in the rest of South America, mainly the Amazon basin, northeastern Brazil, and Southern Andes, was constrained-lower than predicted by the evolutionary model. We also demonstrated equivalence between the disparity produced by randomization-based null models and constrained-evolution null models. Therefore, including evolutionary simulations into the null modeling framework used in ecophylogenetics can strengthen inferences on the processes underlying phenotypic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Maestri
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil.,Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, 60605
| | - André L Luza
- Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sandra M Hartz
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Thales R O de Freitas
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, 91501-970, Brazil
| | - Bruce D Patterson
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, 60605
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Brito J, Tinoco N, Pinto CM, García R, Koch C, Fernandez V, Burneo S, Pardiñas UFJ. Unlocking Andean sigmodontine diversity: five new species of Chilomys (Rodentia: Cricetidae) from the montane forests of Ecuador. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13211. [PMID: 35462758 PMCID: PMC9029390 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The Andean cloud forests of Ecuador are home to several endemic mammals. Members of the Thomasomyini rodents are well represented in the Andes, with Thomasomys being the largest genus (47 species) of the subfamily Sigmodontinae. Within this tribe, however, there are genera that have escaped a taxonomic revision, and Chilomys Thomas, 1897, constitutes a paradigmatic example of these "forgotten" Andean cricetids. Described more than a century ago, current knowledge of this externally unmistakable montane rodent is very limited, and doubts persist as to whether or not it is monotypic. After several years of field efforts in Ecuador, a considerable quantity of specimens of Chilomys were collected from various localities representing both Andean chains. Based on an extensive genetic survey of the obtained material, we can demonstrate that what is currently treated as C. instans in Ecuador is a complex comprising at least five new species which are described in this paper. In addition, based on these noteworthy new evidence, we amend the generic diagnosis in detail, adding several key craniodental traits such as incisor procumbency and microdonty. These results indicate that Chilomys probably has a hidden additional diversity in large parts of the Colombian and Peruvian territories, inviting a necessary revision of the entire genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Brito
- Sección de Mastozoología, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Nicolás Tinoco
- Sección de Mastozoología, Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - C. Miguel Pinto
- Observatorio de Biodiversidad Ambiente y Salud (OBBAS), Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador. Current address: Charles Darwin Research Station, Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora, Galápagos, Ecuador
| | - Rubí García
- Sección de Mastozoología, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Claudia Koch
- Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change/Museum Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vincent Fernandez
- Imaging and Analysis Centre, Natural History Museum (NHM), London, United Kingdom
| | - Santiago Burneo
- Sección de Mastozoología, Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador
| | - Ulyses F. J. Pardiñas
- Sección de Mastozoología, Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Quito, Pichincha, Ecuador,Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus – CONICET), Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
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13
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The role of climate and islands in species diversification and reproductive-mode evolution of Old World tree frogs. Commun Biol 2022; 5:347. [PMID: 35411020 PMCID: PMC9001633 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03292-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Large diversifications of species are known to occur unevenly across space and evolutionary lineages, but the relative importance of their driving mechanisms, such as climate, ecological opportunity and key evolutionary innovations (KEI), remains poorly understood. Here, we explore the remarkable diversification of rhacophorid frogs, which represent six percent of global amphibian diversity, utilize four distinct reproductive modes, and span a climatically variable area across mainland Asia, associated continental islands, and Africa. Using a complete species-level phylogeny, we find near-constant diversification rates but a highly uneven distribution of species richness. Montane regions on islands and some mainland regions have higher phylogenetic diversity and unique assemblages of taxa; we identify these as cool-wet refugia. Starting from a centre of origin, rhacophorids reached these distant refugia by adapting to new climatic conditions (‘niche evolution’-dominant), especially following the origin of KEIs such as terrestrial reproduction (in the Late Eocene) or by dispersal during periods of favourable climate (‘niche conservatism’-dominant). By examining climate, geographical and phylogenetic data, the diversification and evolution of rhacophorid frogs is explored
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14
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Defining Fragmentation Patterns of Archaeological Bone Remains without Typologies: A Landmark-Based Approach on Rodent Mandibula. QUATERNARY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/quat5010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Fragmentation is a recurring feature of archaeological faunal material, and impacts many aspects of zooarchaeological studies from taxonomical identification to biometric studies. It can result from anthropic and natural actions that occurred respectively before and/or after bone deposit. While several bone fragmentation typologies have been described, they are currently based on both macroscopic observations and researcher subjectivity and lack the universality necessary for inter-study comparisons. To fulfill this need we present a standardized landmark-based protocol for the description and quantification of mandibular fragmentation patterns, using two insular rodents of different sizes as models. The rice rats (Oryzomyini tribe) and the agouti (Dasyprocta) from the Lesser Antilles were abundant during the pre-Columbian Ceramic Age (500 BCE-1500 CE). Their mandibles’ shapes were quantified using the coordinates of 13 2D-landmarks. We show that landmark-based measurements can be used to:—assess the preservation differences between taxa of the same taxonomic group (e.g., rodents),—estimate the level of preservation of a skeletal part (e.g., mandible),—describe fragmentation patterns without pre-existing typologies and—facilitate the application of geometric morphometric methods to fragmented archaeological material. Our novel approach, leveraging fragmentation analyses and establishing specific fragmentation patterns, frees itself from existing typologies and could be systematically applied to future research.
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15
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Brito J, Koch C, Tinoco N, Pardiñas UFJ. A new species of Mindomys (Rodentia, Cricetidae) with remarks on external traits as indicators of arboreality in sigmodontine rodents. EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEMATICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3897/evolsyst.6.76879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of the oryzomyine rat Mindomys (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae, Oryzomyini), is doubled here with the description of a new species from the remote Cordillera de Kutukú (Ecuador). The novel form can be easily differentiated from Mindomys hammondi –type species of the genus– by a large set of anatomical traits including, among others, larger jugals, parietal “wings” extending to zygomatic roots, larger otic capsules, well-exposed petrosals, narrow zygomatic plates almost without upper free borders, foramen magnum caudally oriented, larger molars, and accessory root of first upper molar present. Until now, the records of Mindomys were restricted to western Andean foothills. The material from Kutukú highlights an Amazonian species and reinforces the valuable biological significance of isolated mountain ranges in eastern Ecuador. Since Mindomys shows some external traits classically related to arboreal life, here we present a brief reappraisal of this poorly explored topic. A partially neglected anatomical system in sigmodontine studies, the fore feet, encloses crucial information reflecting arboreality.
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Luza AL, Maestri R, Debastiani VJ, Patterson BD, Hartz SM, Duarte LDS. Is evolution faster at ecotones? A test using rates and tempo of diet transitions in Neotropical Sigmodontinae (Rodentia, Cricetidae). Ecol Evol 2021; 11:18676-18690. [PMID: 35003701 PMCID: PMC8717272 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated whether evolution is faster at ecotones as niche shifts may be needed to persist under unstable environment. We mapped diet evolution along the evolutionary history of 350 sigmodontine species. Mapping was used in three new tip-based metrics of trait evolution - Transition Rates, Stasis Time, and Last Transition Time - which were spatialized at the assemblage level (aTR, aST, aTL). Assemblages were obtained by superimposing range maps on points located at core and ecotone of the 93 South American ecoregions. Using Linear Mixed Models, we tested whether ecotones have species with more changes from the ancestral diet (higher aTR), have maintained the current diet for a shorter time (lower aST), and have more recent transitions to the current diet (lower aLT) than cores. We found lower aTR, and higher aST and aLT at ecotones than at cores. Although ecotones are more heterogeneous, both environmentally and in relation to selection pressures they exert on organisms, ecotone species change little from the ancestral diet as generalist habits are necessary toward feeding in ephemeral environments. The need to incorporate phylogenetic uncertainty in tip-based metrics was evident from large uncertainty detected. Our study integrates ecology and evolution by analyzing how fast trait evolution is across space.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luís Luza
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em EcologiaDepartamento de EcologiaInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBairro AgronomiaRio Grande do SulCEP 91501‐970Brazil
- Departamento de Ecologia e EvoluçãoUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaSanta MariaRio Grande do SulCEP 97105‐900Brazil
| | - Renan Maestri
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em EcologiaDepartamento de EcologiaInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBairro AgronomiaRio Grande do SulCEP 91501‐970Brazil
- Negaunee Integrative Research CenterField Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Vanderlei Júlio Debastiani
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em EcologiaDepartamento de EcologiaInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBairro AgronomiaRio Grande do SulCEP 91501‐970Brazil
| | - Bruce D. Patterson
- Negaunee Integrative Research CenterField Museum of Natural HistoryChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Sandra Maria Hartz
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em EcologiaDepartamento de EcologiaInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBairro AgronomiaRio Grande do SulCEP 91501‐970Brazil
| | - Leandro D. S. Duarte
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em EcologiaDepartamento de EcologiaInstituto de BiociênciasUniversidade Federal do Rio Grande do SulBairro AgronomiaRio Grande do SulCEP 91501‐970Brazil
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17
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Segura V, Flores D, Jayat P, Martin G. Evolutionary patterns of cranial ontogeny in Sigmodontines (Rodentia, Cricetidae). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Segura
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas–Fundación Miguel Lillo San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - David Flores
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas–Fundación Miguel Lillo San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
- Instituto de Vertebrados Fundación Miguel Lillo San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Pablo Jayat
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Unidad Ejecutora Lillo Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas–Fundación Miguel Lillo San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Gabriel Martin
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina
- Centro de Investigación Esquel de Montaña y Estepa Patagónica Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas‐Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco Esquel Argentina
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Evolución y Biodiversidad Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Ciencias de la Salud Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia San Juan Bosco Esquel Argentina
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18
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Tavares WC, Coutinho LC, Oliveira JA. Locomotor habits and phenotypic evolution of the appendicular skeleton in the oryzomyalian radiation in the Neotropics (Sigmodontinae, Cricetidae, Rodentia). J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- William Corrêa Tavares
- Núcleo Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa em Biologia—NUMPEX‐BIO Campus Duque de Caxias Professor Geraldo Cidade Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Duque de Caxias Brazil
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Ludmilla Carvalho Coutinho
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Setor de Mastozoologia Departamento de Vertebrados Museu Nacional Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - João Alves Oliveira
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Setor de Mastozoologia Departamento de Vertebrados Museu Nacional Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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19
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Cerezer FO, Cáceres NC, Dambros CS. Effect of Productivity on Community Size Explains the Latitudinal Diversity Gradient of South American Small Mammals. Am Nat 2021; 198:E111-E121. [PMID: 34559610 DOI: 10.1086/716171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractAlthough many studies have shown that species richness increases from high to low latitudes (the latitudinal diversity gradient), the mechanisms responsible for generating and maintaining higher species richness in the tropics remain intensely debated. Here we investigate how the effects of temperature on speciation rates (kinetic effects) and the effects of productivity on community size (chemical effects) explain the latitudinal diversity gradient of South American small mammals. We implemented Bayesian models that integrate processes from the neutral and metabolic theories, comparing model predictions with empirical richness patterns. The neutral-metabolic model predicted the latitudinal richness gradient in South American small mammals. We found evidence that the effects of productivity on community size are more important for explaining differences in species richness than the effects of temperature on speciation rates. These results suggest that differences in species richness along latitudinal gradients are regulated primarily by the chemical effects of productivity on speciation-extinction dynamics.
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20
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Dubied M, Montuire S, Navarro N. Commonalities and evolutionary divergences of mandible shape ontogenies in rodents. J Evol Biol 2021; 34:1637-1652. [PMID: 34449936 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, significant changes take place during postnatal growth, linked to changes in diet (from sucking to gnawing). During this period, mandible development is highly interconnected with muscle growth and the epigenetic interactions between muscle and bone control the spatialization of bone formation and remodelling in response to biomechanical strain. This mechanism contributes to postnatal developmental plasticity and may have influenced the course of evolutionary divergences between species and clades. We sought to model postnatal changes at a macroevolutionary scale by analysing ontogenetic trajectories of mandible shape across 16 species belonging mainly to two suborders of Rodents, Myomorpha and Hystricomorpha, which differ in muscle attachments, tooth growth and life-history traits. Myomorpha species present a much stronger magnitude of changes over a shorter growth period. Among Hystricomorpha, part of the observed adult shape is set up prenatally, and most postnatal trajectories are genus-specific, which agrees with nonlinear developmental trajectories over longer gestational periods. Beside divergence at large scale, we find some collinearities between evolutionary and developmental trajectories. A common developmental trend was also observed, leading to enlargement of the masseter fossa during postnatal growth. The tooth growth, especially hypselodonty, seems to be a major driver of divergences of postnatal trajectories. These muscle- and tooth-related effects on postnatal trajectories suggest opportunities for developmental plasticity in the evolution of the mandible shape, opportunities that may have differed across Rodent clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Dubied
- Biogeosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, EPHE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Sophie Montuire
- Biogeosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, EPHE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,EPHE, PSL University, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Navarro
- Biogeosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, EPHE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.,EPHE, PSL University, Paris, France
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21
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Stefanini MI, Gottschalk MS, Calvo NS, Soto IM. Evolution of male genitalia in the Drosophila repleta species group (Diptera: Drosophilidae). J Evol Biol 2021; 34:1488-1502. [PMID: 34378262 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Drosophila repleta group comprises more than one hundred species that inhabit several environments in the Neotropics and use different hosts as rearing and feeding resources. Rather homogeneous in their external morphology, they are generally distinguished by the male genitalia, seemingly their fastest evolving morphological trait, constituting an excellent model to study patterns of genital evolution in the context of a continental adaptive radiation. Although much is known about the evolution of animal genitalia at population level, surveys on macroevolutionary scale of this phenomenon are scarce. This study used a suite of phylogenetic comparative methods to elucidate the macroevolutionary patterns of genital evolution through deep time and large continental scales. Our results indicate that male genital size and some aspects of shape have been evolving by speciational evolution, probably due to the microevolutionary processes involved in species mate recognition. In contrast, several features of the aedeagus shape seemed to have evolved in a gradual fashion, with heterogeneous evolutionary phenotypic rates among clades. In general, the tempo of the evolution of aedeagus morphology was constant from the origin of the group until the Pliocene, when it accelerated in some clades that diversified mainly in this period. The incidence of novel ecological conditions in the tempo of aedeagus evolution and the relationship between species mate recognition and speciation in the Drosophila repleta group are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel I Stefanini
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), CONICET-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marco S Gottschalk
- Departamento de Ecología, Zoologia e Genética, Instituto de Biología, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Brasil
| | - Natalia S Calvo
- Instituto Nacional de Limnología (UNL-CONICET), Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ignacio M Soto
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Ecología, Genética y Evolución de Buenos Aires (IEGEBA), CONICET-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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22
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Rasia LL, Candela AM, Cañón C. Comprehensive total evidence phylogeny of chinchillids (Rodentia, Caviomorpha): Cheek teeth anatomy and evolution. J Anat 2021; 239:405-423. [PMID: 33721329 PMCID: PMC8273581 DOI: 10.1111/joa.13430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Rodents are the most diverse order of extant mammals, and caviomorph rodents, or New World hystricognaths, have a remarkable morphological disparity and a long fossil record that begins in the Eocene. Chinchilloidea is a poorly understood clade within Caviomorpha, from an evolutionary and phylogenetic perspective. It includes the extant families Chinchillidae and Dinomyidae, the extinct Neoepiblemidae and Cephalomyidae, and several extinct chinchilloids without a clear phylogenetic position, like Eoincamys, Borikenomys, Chambiramys, Ucayalimys, Incamys, Saremmys, Garridomys and Scotamys. The family Chinchillidae includes the extant Chinchilla and Lagidium, grouped in Chinchillinae, and the only living Lagostominae, Lagostomus maximus. Among extinct chinchillids, Eoviscaccia (early Oligocene-early Miocene of Argentina, Bolivia and Chile), Prolagostomus (early-middle Miocene of Argentina, Bolivia and Chile) and Pliolagostomus (early-middle Miocene of Argentina) are the only genera originally described as members of the family. Based on the study of specimens with unworn or little-worn cheek teeth, belonging to extinct and extant taxa, we propose homologies of the cheek teeth structures and perform a combined molecular and morphological phylogenetic analysis including extinct and extant taxa of all families of Chinchilloidea and all genera of Chinchillidae. Our phylogenetic analysis recovered three major lineages in the evolutionary history of Chinchilloidea. The first major lineage is composed of the extant taxa Chinchilla, Lagidium and Lagostomus, and the extinct genera Eoviscaccia, Prolagostomus, Pliolagostomus, Garridomys, Incamys, Loncolicu and Saremmys. Cephalomyid (Banderomys, Cephalomys, Litodontomys, Soriamys) and neoepiblemid (Neoepiblema, Perimys, Phoberomys, Scotamys) genera are part of the second major lineage, while dinomyids such as Dinomys, Drytomomys, Scleromys, 'Scleromys' and Tetrastylus constitute the third major lineage within Chinchilloidea. The phylogenetic position of some taxa previously considered as incertae sedis chinchilloids or without a clear suprageneric group (i.e. Incamys, Saremmys, Garridomys and Loncolicu) show that they belong to pan-Chinchillidae and conform the stem Chinchillidae along with Eoviscaccia. The euhypsodont crown Chinchillidae includes the living subfamilies Chinchillinae and Lagostominae. Dinomyidae and Eoincamys pascuali are recovered as the sisters of a major clade composed by 'Cephalomyidae'+Neopiblemidae and pan-Chinchillidae, and Chambiramys sylvaticus occupies a basal position to the same clade. Four major radiation events are identified in the evolutionary history of Chinchilloidea. The analysis of new morphological characters linked with molecular evidence as well as the addition of taxa of uncertain or unstable phylogenetic position or not considered in previous studies allowed us resolve part of the relationships within Chinchilloidea, particularly that of Chinchillidae, supporting preceding morphological hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano L. Rasia
- División Paleontología VertebradosMuseo de La Plata, La PlataBuenos AiresArgentina
- CONICETArgentina
| | - Adriana M. Candela
- División Paleontología VertebradosMuseo de La Plata, La PlataBuenos AiresArgentina
- CONICETArgentina
| | - Carola Cañón
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus‐CONICETPuerto MadrynArgentina
- Parque Real 6SantiagoChile
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23
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Bubadué J, Cáceres N, Melo G, Sponchiado J, Battistella T, Newton J, Meloro C. Niche partitioning in small mammals: interspecific and biome-level analyses using stable isotopes. J Mammal 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Small mammal assemblages from South America provide a unique opportunity to measure coexistence and niche partitioning between marsupials and placentals. We tested how these two major clades partition environmental resources by comparing stable isotopic ratios of similar sized Didelphidae and Sigmodontinae in four Brazilian biomes: Pampas grassland, Pantanal wetland, Cerrado woodland savanna, and Atlantic Forest. Generally, didelphid isotopic niche follows a scaling law, because we found an association between δ15N enrichment and body mass. Sigmodontines that primarily partition the environment via forest strata showed a greater intake of C4 or/and crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants than didelphids, as reflected by their wider trophic niche. Values of δ13C were highest in savannas and grasslands (Cerrado and Pampas biomes), and values of δ15N were highest in the Atlantic Forest (in sigmodontines) and Pampas (in didelphids). While assessing patterns between the two major Brazilian biomes (Atlantic Forest and Cerrado), we found evidence of a broader trophic niche for both clades in the Cerrado. In the Atlantic Forest, niche occupation by Didelphidae was completely enclosed within the Sigmodontinae trophic niche. Both clades showed less overlap in the Cerrado, a less productive environment. Our results highlight the importance of a comparative framework and the use of stable isotopes for testing ecological questions related to how small mammalian communities partition their niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamile Bubadué
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Mastozoologia, Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense, Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nilton Cáceres
- Laboratório de Mastozoologia, Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Geruza Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Mastozoologia, Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jonas Sponchiado
- Laboratório de Mastozoologia, Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Thaís Battistella
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
- Laboratório de Mastozoologia, Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Jason Newton
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Ceará, IFCE, Jaguaribe, CE, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Farroupilha, IFFar, Alegrete, RS, Brazil
- National Environmental Isotope Facility, East Kilbride, United Kingdom
| | - Carlo Meloro
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Biological & Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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24
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Pie MR, Carrijo TF, Caron FS. The diversification of termites: Inferences from a complete species‐level phylogeny. ZOOL SCR 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcio R. Pie
- Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal do Paraná Curitiba Brazil
| | - Tiago F. Carrijo
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas Universidade Federal do ABC São Bernardo do Campo Brazil
| | - Fernanda S. Caron
- Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal do Paraná Curitiba Brazil
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25
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Parada A, Hanson J, D'Elía G. Ultraconserved Elements Improve the Resolution of Difficult Nodes within the Rapid Radiation of Neotropical Sigmodontine Rodents (Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae). Syst Biol 2021; 70:1090-1100. [PMID: 33787920 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syab023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sigmodontine rodents (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae) represent the second largest muroid subfamily and the most species-rich group of New World mammals, encompassing above 410 living species and ca. 87 genera. Even with advances on the clarification of sigmodontine phylogenetic relationships that have been made recently, the phylogenetic relationships among the 12 main group of genera (i.e., tribes) remain poorly resolved, in particular among those forming the large clade Oryzomyalia. This pattern has been interpreted as consequence of a rapid radiation upon the group entrance into South America. Here, we attempted to resolve phylogenetic relationships within Sigmodontinae using target capture and high-throughput sequencing of ultraconserved elements (UCEs). We enriched and sequenced UCEs for 56 individuals and collected data from four already available genomes. Analyses of distinct data sets, based on the capture of 4,634 loci, resulted in a highly resolved phylogeny consistent across different methods. Coalescent species-tree based approaches, concatenated matrices, and Bayesian analyses recovered similar topologies that were congruent at the resolution of difficult nodes. We recovered good support for the intertribal relationships within Oryzomyalia; for instance, the tribe Oryzomyini appears as the sister taxa of the remaining oryzomyalid tribes. The estimates of divergence times agree with results of previous studies. We inferred the crown age of the sigmodontine rodents at the end of Middle Miocene, while the main lineages of Oryzomyalia appear to have radiated in a short interval during the Late Miocene. Thus, the collection of a genomic scale data set with a wide taxonomic sampling, provided resolution for the first time of the relationships among the main lineages of Sigmodontinae. We expect the phylogeny presented here will become the backbone for future systematic and evolutionary studies of the group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Parada
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - John Hanson
- RTLGenomics, Lubbock, TX, USA. Department of Biology, Columbus State University, Columbus, GA, USA
| | - Guillermo D'Elía
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
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26
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López‐Aguirre C, Wilson LAB, Koyabu D, Tu VT, Hand SJ. Variation in cross‐sectional shape and biomechanical properties of the bat humerus under Wolff's law. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2021; 304:1937-1952. [DOI: 10.1002/ar.24620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camilo López‐Aguirre
- Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Laura A. B. Wilson
- Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
- School of Archaeology and Anthropology, Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia
| | - Daisuke Koyabu
- Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Hong Kong
- Department of Molecular Craniofacial Embryology Tokyo Medical and Dental University Tokyo Japan
| | - Vuong Tan Tu
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam
| | - Suzanne J. Hand
- Earth and Sustainability Science Research Centre, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
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27
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Pardiñas UFJ, Curay J, Brito J, Cañón C. A unique cricetid experiment in the northern high-Andean Páramos deserves tribal recognition. J Mammal 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyaa147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
While hypsodonty mostly is associated with medium to large body sizes in sigmodontine rodents, high-crowned molars combined with small bodies rarely are recorded. This latter condition is present in Neomicroxus (Sigmodontinae, incertae sedis), a genus of high-Andean cricetids also characterized by a noticeable set of cranial traits, including enlarged turbinals and rostrum, slanting zygomatic plate, and a marked backward displacement of the vertical ramus of the dentary, linked with an enlargement of the basicranial region. These morphological features, combined with the isolated position of this lineage in molecular-based phylogenies, indicate that Neomicroxus should be situated in a new tribe. We name and describe this Páramo novelty monotypic clade here. As a working hypothesis, the hypsodonty displayed by this group is considered an evolutionary response to continued volcanic ash falls that characterized the region during the Neogene. A reappraisal of tribe recognition within the two cricetid largest subfamilies, arvicolines and sigmodontines, is made, coupled with a discussion about the role of morphological convergence in “long-nose” cricetids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulyses F J Pardiñas
- Instituto de Diversidad y Evolución Austral (IDEAus–CONICET), Boulevard Brown, Puerto Madryn, Chubut, Argentina
- INABIO, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jenny Curay
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Rumipamba 341 y Av. de los Shyris, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Jorge Brito
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (INABIO), Rumipamba 341 y Av. de los Shyris, Quito, Ecuador
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28
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Percequillo AR, Prado JRD, Abreu EF, Dalapicolla J, Pavan AC, de Almeida Chiquito E, Brennand P, Steppan SJ, Lemmon AR, Lemmon EM, Wilkinson M. Tempo and mode of evolution of oryzomyine rodents (Rodentia, Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae): A phylogenomic approach. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2021; 159:107120. [PMID: 33610650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2021.107120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The tribe Oryzomyini is an impressive group of rodents, comprising 30 extant genera and an estimated 147 species. Recent remarkable advances in the understanding of the diversity, taxonomy and systematics of the tribe have mostly derived from analyses of single or few genetic markers. However, the evolutionary history and biogeography of Oryzomyini, its origin and diversification across the Neotropics, remain unrevealed. Here we use a multi-locus dataset (over 400 loci) obtained through anchored phylogenomics to provide a genome-wide phylogenetic hypothesis for Oryzomyini and to investigate the tempo and mode of its evolution. Species tree and supermatrix analyses produced topologies with strong support for most branches, with all genera confirmed as monophyletic, a result that previous studies failed to obtain. Our analyses also corroborated the monophyly and phylogenetic relationship of three main clades of Oryzomyini (B, C and D). The origin of the tribe is estimated to be in the Miocene (8.93-5.38 million years ago). The cladogenetic events leading to the four main clades occurred during the late Miocene and early Pliocene and most speciation events in the Pleistocene. Geographic range estimates suggested an east of Andes origin for the ancestor of oryzomyines, most likely in the Boreal Brazilian region, which includes the north bank of Rio Amazonas and the Guiana Shield. Oryzomyini rodents are an autochthonous South America radiation, that colonized areas and dominions of this continent mainly by dispersal events. The evolutionary history of the tribe is deeply associated with the Andean cordillera and the landscape history of Amazon basin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Reis Percequillo
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK.
| | - Joyce Rodrigues do Prado
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Edson Fiedler Abreu
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Jeronymo Dalapicolla
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto Tecnológico Vale, Desenvolvimento Sustentável, 66055-090 Belém, PA, Brazil.
| | - Ana Carolina Pavan
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Elisandra de Almeida Chiquito
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Mastozoologia e Biogeografia, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 29075-910 Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - Pamella Brennand
- Laboratório de Mamíferos, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz", Universidade de São Paulo, 13418-900 Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Scott J Steppan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
| | - Alan R Lemmon
- Department of Scientific Computing, 400 Dirac Science Library, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
| | - Emily Moriarty Lemmon
- Department of Scientific Computing, 400 Dirac Science Library, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
| | - Mark Wilkinson
- Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK.
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29
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Missagia RV, Patterson BD, Krentzel D, Perini FA. Insectivory leads to functional convergence in a group of Neotropical rodents. J Evol Biol 2020; 34:391-402. [PMID: 33617138 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The mandible of vertebrates serves as insertion area for masticatory muscles that originate on the skull, and its functional properties are subject to selective forces related to trophic ecology. The efficiency of masticatory muscles can be measured as mechanical advantage on the mandible, which, in turn, has the property of correlating with bite force and shape. In the present work, we quantify the mechanical advantage of the mandible of akodontine rodents, which present a diverse radiation of insectivorous specialists, to assess their relationship to the estimated bite force and diet. We also tested the degree of morphofunctional convergence in response to insectivory on the group. We found the mechanical advantages to be convergent on insectivorous species, and associated with the estimated bite force, with higher mechanical advantages in species with a stronger bite and short, robust mandibles and lower mechanical advantages in insectivorous species with weaker bites and more elongated, dorso-ventrally compressed mandibles. Insectivorous species of Akodontini are functional specialists for the consumption of live prey and may exploit the resources that shrews, moles and hedgehogs consume elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela V Missagia
- PPG - Zoologia/Departamento de Zoologia - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bruce D Patterson
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dallas Krentzel
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, IL, USA.,Department of Biology, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Fernando A Perini
- PPG - Zoologia/Departamento de Zoologia - Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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30
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Novillo A, Ojeda R. Turnover, richness difference and nestedness of rodent assemblages along the southern Andes elevation gradient. AUSTRAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Agustina Novillo
- Instituto de Biodiversidad Neotropical – CONICET Universidad Nacional de Tucumán (UNT) Cúpulas Horco Molle Yerba Buena Tucumán Argentina
- Grupo de Investigaciones de Biodiversidad (GIB) Instituto Argentino de Zonas Áridas (IADIZA) CONICET Mendoza Argentina
| | - Ricardo Ojeda
- Grupo de Investigaciones de Biodiversidad (GIB) Instituto Argentino de Zonas Áridas (IADIZA) CONICET Mendoza Argentina
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31
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Cássia-Silva C, Freitas CG, Lemes LP, Paterno GB, Dias PA, Bacon CD, Collevatti RG. Higher evolutionary rates in life-history traits in insular than in mainland palms. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21125. [PMID: 33273647 PMCID: PMC7713303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78267-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated islands, due to the reduced interspecific competition compared to mainland habitats, present ecological opportunities for colonizing lineages. As a consequence, island lineages may be expected to experience higher rates of trait evolution than mainland lineages. However, island effects on key life-history traits of vascular plants remain underexplored at broad spatiotemporal scales, even for emblematic island clades such as palms. Here, we used phylogenetic comparative methods to evaluate potential differences in size and macroevolutionary patterns of height and fruit diameter among mainland, continental, and volcanic island palms. Further, phylogenetic beta-diversity was used to determine if lineage turnover supported an adaptive radiation scenario on volcanic islands. Volcanic island palms were taller than their continental island and mainland counterparts, whereas continental island palms exhibited smaller fruit size. Height and fruit size of palms evolved under evolutionary constraints towards an optimal value. However, scenarios of adaptive radiation and niche conservatism were not supported for the height and fruit size of volcanic and mainland palm clades, respectively, as expected. Instead, continental island palms exhibited higher evolutionary rates for height and fruit size. Insular palm assemblages (continental and volcanic) are composed of unique lineages. Beyond representing evolutionary sources of new palm lineages, our results demonstrate that insular habitats are important in shaping palm trait diversity. Also, the higher phenotypic evolutionary rates of continental island palms suggest disparate selection pressures on this habitat type, which can be an important driver of trait diversification over time. Taken together, these results stress the importance of insular habitats for conservation of functional, phylogenetic, and taxonomic diversity of palms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Cássia-Silva
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74001-970, Brazil.
| | - Cíntia G Freitas
- Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 81531-990, Brazil
| | - Larissa Pereira Lemes
- Laboratório de Ecologia Teórica e Síntese, Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Brant Paterno
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, 59072-970, Brazil
- Chair of Restoration Ecology, School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Emil-Ramann-Str. 6, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Priscila A Dias
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74001-970, Brazil
| | - Christine D Bacon
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 461, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Box 461, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rosane G Collevatti
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74001-970, Brazil
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32
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Disproportionate extinction of South American mammals drove the asymmetry of the Great American Biotic Interchange. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:26281-26287. [PMID: 33020313 PMCID: PMC7585031 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009397117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological interchange between North and South America associated with the formation of the Isthmus of Panama is key to defining current gradients of species diversity. A major gap in our understanding of the interchange is its asymmetry, where mammals of North American origin attained higher diversity in South America than vice versa. The prevailing view is that this asymmetry resulted from higher origination of immigrant mammals in South America. In contrast, we find that asymmetry results from high extinction of native mammals in South America, which reduced the diversity of native mammals available to disperse northwards. These results shed light on the legacy of the biotic interchange to understand the current patterns of species diversity across the Americas. The interchange between the previously disconnected faunas of North and South America was a massive experiment in biological invasion. A major gap in our understanding of this invasion is why there was a drastic increase in the proportion of mammals of North American origin found in South America. Four nonmutually exclusive mechanisms may explain this asymmetry: 1) Higher dispersal rate of North American mammals toward the south, 2) higher origination of North American immigrants in South America, 3) higher extinction of mammals with South American origin, and 4) similar dispersal rate but a larger pool of native taxa in North versus South America. We test among these mechanisms by analyzing ∼20,000 fossil occurrences with Bayesian methods to infer dispersal and diversification rates and taxonomic selectivity of immigrants. We find no differences in the dispersal and origination rates of immigrants. In contrast, native South American mammals show higher extinction. We also find that two clades with North American origin (Carnivora and Artiodactyla) had significantly more immigrants in South America than other clades. Altogether, the asymmetry of the interchange was not due to higher origination of immigrants in South America as previously suggested, but resulted from higher extinction of native taxa in southern South America. These results from one of the greatest biological invasions highlight how biogeographic processes and biotic interactions can shape continental diversity.
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33
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Anderson SAS, Weir JT. A Comparative Test for Divergent Adaptation: Inferring Speciation Drivers from Functional Trait Divergence. Am Nat 2020; 196:429-442. [PMID: 32970469 DOI: 10.1086/710338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractEcological differentiation between lineages is widely considered to be an important driver of speciation, but support for this hypothesis is mainly derived from the detailed study of a select set of model species pairs. Mounting evidence from nonmodel taxa, meanwhile, suggests that speciation often occurs with minimal differentiation in ecology or ecomorphology, calling into question the true contribution of divergent adaptation to species richness in nature. To better understand divergent ecological adaptation and its role in speciation generally, researchers require a comparative approach that can distinguish its signature from alternative processes, such as drift and parallel selection, in data sets containing many species pairs. Here we introduce new statistical models of divergent adaptation in the continuous traits of paired lineages. In these models, ecomorphological characters diverge as two lineages adapt toward alternative phenotypic optima following their departure from a common ancestor. The absolute distance between optima measures the extent of divergent selection and provides a basis for interpretation. We encode the models in the new R package diverge and extend them to allow the distance between optima to vary across continuous and categorical variables. We test model performance using simulation and demonstrate model application using published data sets of trait divergence in birds and mammals. Our framework provides the first explicit test for signatures of divergent selection in trait divergence data sets, and it will enable empiricists from a wide range of fields to better understand the dynamics of divergent adaptation and its prevalence in nature beyond just our best-studied model systems.
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34
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Carrizo LV, Tulli MJ, Abdala V. Functional Indices and Postnatal Ontogeny of Long Bones of the Forelimb in the Sigmodontine Rodents (Rodentia: Cricetidae). J MAMM EVOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10914-020-09512-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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35
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Zelditch ML, Li J, Swiderski DL. Stasis of functionally versatile specialists. Evolution 2020; 74:1356-1377. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jingchun Li
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder Colorado 80309
| | - Donald L. Swiderski
- Kresge Hearing Research Institute and Museum of Zoology University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan 48109
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36
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Rowsey DM, Keenan RM, Jansa SA. Dietary morphology of two island-endemic murid rodent clades is consistent with persistent, incumbent-imposed competitive interactions. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20192746. [PMID: 32097592 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.2746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A lineage colonizing a geographic region with no competitors may exhibit rapid diversification due to greater ecological opportunity. The resultant species diversity of this primary-colonizing (incumbent) clade may limit subsequent lineages' ability to persist unless these non-incumbent lineages are ecologically distinct. We compare the diversity in diet-related mandibular morphology of two sympatric murid rodent clades endemic to Luzon Island, Philippines-incumbent Phloeomyini and secondary-colonizing Chrotomyini-to the mandibular morphological diversity of Sahul Hydromyini, the sister clade of Chrotomyini and the incumbent murid lineage on the supercontinent of Sahul. This three-clade comparison allows us to test the hypothesis that incumbent lineages can force persistent ecological distinction of subsequent colonists at the time of colonization and throughout the subsequent history of the two sympatric clades. We find that Chrotomyini forms a subset of the diversity of their clade plus Sahul Hydromyini that minimizes overlap with Phloeomyini. We also infer that this differentiation extends to the stem ancestor of Chrotomyini and Sahul Hydromyini, consistent with a biotic filter imposed by Phloeomyini. Our work illustrates that incumbency has the potential to have a profound influence on the ecomorphological diversity of colonizing lineages at the island scale even when the traits in question are evolving at similar rates among independently colonizing clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakota M Rowsey
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior & Bell Museum of Natural History, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.,Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 S Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60605, USA
| | - Ryan M Keenan
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Biology, University of Minnesota, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Sharon A Jansa
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior & Bell Museum of Natural History, University of Minnesota, 140 Gortner Laboratory, 1479 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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37
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Felice RN, Tobias JA, Pigot AL, Goswami A. Dietary niche and the evolution of cranial morphology in birds. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 286:20182677. [PMID: 30963827 PMCID: PMC6408879 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cranial morphology in birds is thought to be shaped by adaptive evolution for foraging performance. This understanding of ecomorphological evolution is supported by observations of avian island radiations, such as Darwin's finches, which display rapid evolution of skull shape in response to food resource availability and a strong fit between cranial phenotype and trophic ecology. However, a recent analysis of larger clades has suggested that diet is not necessarily a primary driver of cranial shape and that phylogeny and allometry are more significant factors in skull evolution. We use phenome-scale morphometric data across the breadth of extant bird diversity to test the influence of diet and foraging behaviour in shaping cranial evolution. We demonstrate that these trophic characters are significant but very weak predictors of cranial form at this scale. However, dietary groups exhibit significantly different rates of morphological evolution across multiple cranial regions. Granivores and nectarivores exhibit the highest rates of evolution in the face and cranial vault, whereas terrestrial carnivores evolve the slowest. The basisphenoid, occipital, and jaw joint regions have less extreme differences among dietary groups. These patterns demonstrate that dietary niche shapes the tempo and mode of phenotypic evolution in deep time, despite a weaker than expected form–function relationship across large clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan N Felice
- 1 Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK.,3 Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum , London SW7 5DB , UK
| | - Joseph A Tobias
- 4 Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , Ascot , UK
| | - Alex L Pigot
- 2 Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
| | - Anjali Goswami
- 2 Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK.,3 Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum , London SW7 5DB , UK
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38
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Bubadué JM, Hendges CD, Cherem JJ, Cerezer FO, Falconí TP, Graipel ME, Cáceres NC. Marsupial versus placental: assessing the evolutionary changes in the scapula of didelphids and sigmodontines. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
It is not a new concept that marsupials and placentals are distant and distinct clades among mammals. In South America, these animals coexist, occupy similar niches and, in some cases, are similar in appearance. This is especially true with respect to the locomotor categories of smaller rodents belonging to the family Cricetidae or, more specifically, the subfamily Sigmodontinae, compared with the marsupials of the Didelphidae family. In this study, we have investigated both the similarities and the differences between the two clades by examining locomotion-dependent adaptation, a crucial survival mechanism that has affected the morphology of both clades. We applied geometric morphometrics to quantify the shape of the scapula, which is a very adaptable structure. We found similar morphological adaptations between the clades, especially with respect to adaptation to life in trees. Moreover, Didelphidae are influenced by phylogenetic history to a greater extent than Sigmodontinae with regard to variation of scapula shape and allometry. These differences can be explained by the greater degree of body size variation that exists within the Didelphidae. Didelphidae have an ancient evolutionary history in South America compared with the Sigmodontinae, which have undergone a very successful and rapid diversification more recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamile M Bubadué
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carla D Hendges
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Cenecista Bento Gonçalves, Arlindo Franklim Barbosa, São Roque, Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Jorge J Cherem
- Caipora Cooperativa, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Felipe O Cerezer
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Tania P Falconí
- Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul,, Brazil
| | - Maurício E Graipel
- Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Nilton C Cáceres
- Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul,, Brazil
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39
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Fletcher NK, Acevedo P, Herman JS, Paupério J, Alves PC, Searle JB. Glacial cycles drive rapid divergence of cryptic field vole species. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:14101-14113. [PMID: 31938506 PMCID: PMC6953675 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the factors that contribute to the generation of reproductively isolated forms is a fundamental goal of evolutionary biology. Cryptic species are an especially interesting challenge to study in this context since they lack obvious morphological differentiation that provides clues to adaptive divergence that may drive reproductive isolation. Geographical isolation in refugial areas during glacial cycling is known to be important for generating genetically divergent populations, but its role in the origination of new species is still not fully understood and likely to be situation dependent. We combine analysis of 35,434 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with environmental niche modeling (ENM) to investigate genomic and ecological divergence in three cryptic species formerly classified as the field vole (Microtus agrestis). The SNPs demonstrate high genomic divergence (pairwise F ST values of 0.45-0.72) and little evidence of gene flow among the three field vole cryptic species, and we argue that genetic drift may have been a particularly important mechanism for divergence in the group. The ENM reveals three areas as potential glacial refugia for the cryptic species and differing climatic niches, although with spatial overlap between species pairs. This evidence underscores the role that glacial cycling has in promoting genetic differentiation and reproductive isolation by subdivision into disjunct distributions at glacial maxima in areas relatively close to ice sheets. Future investigation of the intrinsic barriers to gene flow between the field vole cryptic species is required to fully assess the mechanisms that contribute to reproductive isolation. In addition, the Portuguese field vole (M. rozianus) shows a high inbreeding coefficient and a restricted climatic niche, and warrants investigation into its conservation status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pelayo Acevedo
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, IREC (UCLM‐CSIC‐JCCM)Ciudad RealSpain
| | - Jeremy S. Herman
- Department of Natural SciencesNational Museums ScotlandEdinburghUK
| | - Joana Paupério
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosUniversidade do Porto, Campus de VairãoVairãoPortugal
| | - Paulo C. Alves
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosUniversidade do Porto, Campus de VairãoVairãoPortugal
- Departamento de BiologiaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
| | - Jeremy B. Searle
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary BiologyCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA
- CIBIO/InBio, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos GenéticosUniversidade do Porto, Campus de VairãoVairãoPortugal
- Departamento de BiologiaFaculdade de CiênciasUniversidade do PortoPortoPortugal
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40
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Lajmi A, Verma A, Karanth KP. Repeated evolution of terrestrial lineages in a continental lizard radiation. J Evol Biol 2019; 33:57-66. [PMID: 31541555 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The "early-burst" model of adaptive radiation predicts an early increase in phenotypic disparity concurrent with lineage diversification. Although most studies report a lack of this coupled pattern, the underlying processes are not identified. The continental radiation of Hemidactylus geckos from Peninsular India includes morphologically diverse species that occupy various microhabitats. This radiation began diversifying ~36 Mya with an early increase in lineage diversification. Here, we test the "early-burst" hypothesis by investigating the presence of ecomorphs and examining the pattern of morphological diversification in a phylogenetic framework. Two ecomorphs-terrestrial and scansorial species-that vary significantly in body size and toepad size were identified. Unlike the prediction of the "early-burst" model, we find that disparity in toepad morphology accumulated more recently ~14 Mya and fit the Ornstein-Ulhenbeck model. Ancestral state reconstruction of the two ecomorphs demonstrates that terrestrial lineages evolved independently at least five times from scansorial ancestors, with the earliest diversification in terrestrial lineages 19-12 Mya. Our study demonstrates a delayed increase in morphological disparity as a result of the evolution of terrestrial ecomorphs. The diversification of terrestrial lineages is concurrent with the establishment of open habitat and grasslands in Peninsular India, suggesting that the appearance of this novel resource led to the adaptive diversification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Lajmi
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India.,Institute of Evolution, Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Anjali Verma
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - K Praveen Karanth
- Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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41
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42
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García-Navas V. Phylogenetic and functional diversity of African muroid rodents at different spatial scales. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-019-00411-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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43
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Evans KM, Kim LY, Schubert BA, Albert JS. Ecomorphology of Neotropical Electric Fishes: An Integrative Approach to Testing the Relationships between Form, Function, and Trophic Ecology. Integr Org Biol 2019; 1:obz015. [PMID: 33791530 PMCID: PMC7671154 DOI: 10.1093/iob/obz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between form and function is thought to play an integral role in structuring broad-scale patterns of morphological evolution and resource utilization. In ecomorphological studies, mechanical performance is widely understood to constrain the evolution of form and function. However, the relationship between form, function, and resource utilization is less clear. Additionally, seasonal fluctuations in resource availability may further complicate patterns of resource use. How organisms cope with these complexities, and the effect of these factors on broadscale patterns of morphological evolution is also poorly understood. Here we use three-dimensional geometric morphometrics, biomechanics, stable isotope analysis, and gut-content analysis to study trophic evolution in a clade of riverine-adapted electric fishes from a region with high seasonal variability; the Amazon River. We find significant and phylogenetically structured relationships among measures of trophic ecology and skull shape. We also recover a significant relationship between the mechanical advantage of the mandible and trophic position, where species feeding at higher trophic levels have narrower jaws with lower mechanical advantages, and species feeding at lower trophic levels have deeper jaws with higher mechanical advantages. Our results indicate that selection is driving the evolution of mandible shape and performance toward specialization on different trophic ecologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Evans
- College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1987 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - L Y Kim
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P.O. Box 42451, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - B A Schubert
- School of Geosciences, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P.O. Box 43705, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - J S Albert
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P.O. Box 42451, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
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44
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Skeels A, Cardillo M. Equilibrium and non‐equilibrium phases in the radiation of
Hakea
and the drivers of diversity in Mediterranean‐type ecosystems. Evolution 2019; 73:1392-1410. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Skeels
- Macroevolution and Macroecology Group Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra 0200 Australia
| | - Marcel Cardillo
- Macroevolution and Macroecology Group Research School of Biology Australian National University Canberra 0200 Australia
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45
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Feijó A, Wen Z, Cheng J, Ge D, Xia L, Yang Q. Divergent selection along elevational gradients promotes genetic and phenotypic disparities among small mammal populations. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:7080-7095. [PMID: 31380035 PMCID: PMC6662404 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Species distributed along mountain slopes, facing contrasting habitats in short geographic scale, are of particular interest to test how ecologically based divergent selection promotes phenotypic and genetic disparities as well as to assess isolation-by-environment mechanisms. Here, we conduct the first broad comparative study of phenotypic variation along elevational gradients, integrating a large array of ecological predictors and disentangling population genetic driver processes. The skull form of nine ecologically distinct species distributed over a large altitudinal range (100-4200 m) was compared to assess whether phenotypic divergence is a common phenomenon in small mammals and whether it shows parallel patterns. We also investigated the relative contribution of biotic (competition and predation) and abiotic parameters on phenotypic divergence via mixed models. Finally, we assessed the population genetic structure of a rodent species (Niviventer confucianus) via analysis of molecular variance and FST along three mountain slopes and tested the isolation-by-environment hypothesis using Mantel test and redundancy analysis. We found a consistent phenotypic divergence and marked genetic structure along elevational gradients; however, the species showed mixed patterns of size and skull shape trends across mountain zones. Individuals living at lower altitudes differed greatly in both phenotype and genotype from those living at high elevations, while middle-elevation individuals showed more intermediate forms. The ecological parameters associated with phenotypic divergence along elevation gradients are partly related to species' ecological and evolutionary constraints. Fossorial and solitary animals are mainly affected by climatic factors, while terrestrial and more gregarious species are influenced by biotic and abiotic parameters. A novel finding of our study is that predator richness emerged as an important factor associated with the intraspecific diversification of the mammalian skull along elevational gradients, a previously overlooked parameter. Population genetic structure was mainly driven by environmental heterogeneity along mountain slopes, with no or a week spatial effect, fitting the isolation-by-environment scenario. Our study highlights the strong and multifaceted effects of heterogeneous steep habitats and ecologically based divergent selective forces in small mammal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Feijó
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhixin Wen
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Jilong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Deyan Ge
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Qisen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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46
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Czekanski-Moir JE, Rundell RJ. The Ecology of Nonecological Speciation and Nonadaptive Radiations. Trends Ecol Evol 2019; 34:400-415. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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47
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Peçanha WT, Quintela FM, Jorge Ribas LE, Althoff SL, Maestri R, Gonçalves GL, De Freitas TRO. A new species of Oxymycterus (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) from a transitional area of Cerrado – Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil. J Mammal 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyz060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Willian Thomaz Peçanha
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501–970, Brazil
| | - Fernando Marques Quintela
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais. Av. Itália km 8, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Jorge Ribas
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501–970, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz Althoff
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Regional de Blumenau, CEP Blumenau, SC 89012–900, Brazil
| | - Renan Maestri
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501–970, Brazil
| | - Gislene Lopes Gonçalves
- Departamento de Recursos Ambientales, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile
| | - Thales R O De Freitas
- Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501–970, Brazil
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48
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Burns MD, Sidlauskas BL. Ancient and contingent body shape diversification in a hyperdiverse continental fish radiation. Evolution 2019; 73:569-587. [DOI: 10.1111/evo.13658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Burns
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Oregon 97330
| | - Brian L. Sidlauskas
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Oregon State University Oregon 97330
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution Washington District of Columbia 20560
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49
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Cássia‐Silva C, Sales LP. The imprints left by historical contingency on marsupials' life‐history traits. J Zool (1987) 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cibele Cássia‐Silva
- Graduate Program in Ecology & Evolution Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética & Biodiversidade Instituto de Ciências Biológicas Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil
| | - Lilian Patrícia Sales
- Conservation Biogeography Lab Department of Ecology Universidade Federal de Goiás Goiânia Goiás Brazil
- Post‐Graduate Programme in Ecology Institute of Biology Universidade Estadual de Campinas Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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50
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Maestri R. Digest: Adaptive radiations and the multidimensional niche. Evolution 2018; 72:2828-2829. [PMID: 30370653 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive radiations depend critically on ecological opportunity as a driver. Aristide et al. (2018) found that a model incorporating the multivariate niche explains the morphological divergence in New World monkeys better than models with a single ecological axis. This raises the question of whether other continental radiations would show signals of adaptive radiation if the niche is more accurately described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renan Maestri
- Departmento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 91501, Brazil
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