1
|
James C, Dugan CW, Boyd C, Fournier PA, Arthur PG. Temporal tracking of cysteine 34 oxidation of plasma albumin as a biomarker of muscle damage following a bout of eccentric exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:2639-2650. [PMID: 38627299 PMCID: PMC11365830 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-024-05488-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) results in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but little is known about the temporal profile of change in ROS post-EIMD and how ROS levels relate to the onset of and recovery from EIMD. Our primary aim was to examine the effect of EIMD on the pattern of change in the blood level of thiol-oxidised albumin, a marker of oxidative stress. METHODS Seven male participants were subjected on separate days to eccentric muscle contraction to cause EIMD or a no-exercise condition. After each session, the participants collected daily dried blood spots to measure thiol-oxidised albumin and returned to the laboratory every 2 days for the assessment of indirect markers of EIMD, namely maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS), creatine kinase (CK), and myoglobin. RESULTS Eccentric exercise resulted in a significant decrease in MVC and increase in DOMS, CK, myoglobin, and thiol-oxidised albumin with the latter reaching above baseline level within 24-48 h post-exercise. All the markers of EIMD returned to baseline level within 6 days post-exercise, but not the level of thiol-oxidised albumin which remained elevated for 10 days after exercise. There was a moderate correlation between changes in thiol-oxidised albumin and DOMS, but no significant relationship between any other markers of muscle damage. CONCLUSION The levels of thiol-oxidised albumin increase in response to EIMD and remain elevated for several days post-exercise. The temporal pattern of change in the level of thiol-oxidised albumin suggests that this may be a useful biomarker of muscle repair post-EIMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher James
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia.
| | - Cory W Dugan
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Corrin Boyd
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Paul A Fournier
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Peter G Arthur
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ghosh A, Jani V, Sonavane U, Naphade AN, Joshi R, Kulkarni MJ, Giri AP. The multi-dimensional impact of captopril modification on human serum albumin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133289. [PMID: 38908639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Captopril is a thiol drug, widely used for the management of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Reactive thiols are found to covalently modify the cysteines of plasma proteins and affect their structure and function. Human serum albumin (HSA) is prone to undergo modification by various low molecular weight compounds, including drugs. Cysteine34 (Cys34) in HSA has a free thiol group with antioxidant properties, considered to be the most redox-sensitive amino acid in plasma. Through mass-spectrometric analysis, we demonstrate for the first time that captopril forms a disulfide adduct at Cys34 residue and increases the protease susceptibility of HSA to trypsin. As evidenced by our biophysical and electron microscopy studies, HSA undergoes structural alteration, aggregation and morphological changes when treated with different captopril concentrations. Molecular dynamics studies further revealed the regions of secondary structural changes in HSA due to disulfide adduct formation by captopril at Cys34. It also elucidated the residues involved in the noncovalent interactions with captopril. It is envisaged that structural change in HSA may influence the efficacy of drug delivery as well as its own biological function. These findings may thus provide significant insights into the field of pharmacology intriguing further investigation into the effects of long-term captopril treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Ghosh
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| | - Vinod Jani
- High-Performance Computation, Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune 411008, India
| | - Uddhavesh Sonavane
- High-Performance Computation, Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune 411008, India
| | - Anvi N Naphade
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Rajendra Joshi
- High-Performance Computation, Medical and Bioinformatics Applications Group, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), Pune 411008, India
| | - Mahesh J Kulkarni
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashok P Giri
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gambardella G, Notari S, Criscuolo E, Lai O, Nardoni A, Massoud R, Micheli L, Bocedi A, Ricci G. Quantitation of oxidized and reduced albumin in mammals. An intriguing analytical question. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 757:110038. [PMID: 38750920 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Oxidized albumin is considered a short-term biomarker of oxidative stress and its measurement in blood contributes to evaluate the impact of diseases, drugs, dialytic treatments, physical activity, environmental contaminants etc. on the red-ox balance of humans as well as of other mammalians. Nevertheless, the most common methods for quantifying the oxidized and reduced albumins are costly and time-consuming. Furthermore, there is a dearth of information regarding the proper ways to store human serum or plasma samples in order to prevent inaccurate quantification of these various albumin forms. This paper explores these aspects and proposes a few spectrophotometric assay procedures which make the quantitation of oxidized and reduced albumin very fast, precise and un-expensive in various mammals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Gambardella
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Notari
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuele Criscuolo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Olga Lai
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Lazio e Della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00182, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Nardoni
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale Del Lazio e Della Toscana 'M. Aleandri', Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00182, Rome, Italy
| | - Renato Massoud
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, Rome, 00133, Italy; Department of Laboratory Medicine, "Tor Vergata" University Hospital, Viale Oxford 81, Rome, 00133, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Ricci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Terrill JR, Bautista APR, Tsioutsias I, Grounds MD, Arthur PG. Oxidised Albumin Levels in Plasma and Skeletal Muscle as Biomarkers of Disease Progression and Treatment Efficacy in Dystrophic mdx Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:720. [PMID: 38929159 PMCID: PMC11201235 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox modifications to the plasma protein albumin have the potential to be used as biomarkers of disease progression and treatment efficacy in pathologies associated with inflammation and oxidative stress. One such pathology is Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a fatal childhood disease characterised by severe muscle wasting. We have previously shown in the mdx mouse model of DMD that plasma albumin thiol oxidation is increased; therefore, the first aim of this paper was to establish that albumin thiol oxidation in plasma reflects levels within mdx muscle tissue. We therefore developed a method to measure tissue albumin thiol oxidation. We show that albumin thiol oxidation was increased in both mdx muscle and plasma, with levels correlated with measures of dystropathology. In dystrophic muscle, albumin content was associated with areas of myonecrosis. The second aim was to test the ability of plasma thiol oxidation to track acute changes in dystropathology: we therefore subjected mdx mice to a single treadmill exercise session (known to increase myonecrosis) and took serial blood samples. This acute exercise caused a transient increase in total plasma albumin oxidation and measures of dystropathology. Together, these data support the use of plasma albumin thiol oxidation as a biomarker to track active myonecrosis in DMD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. Terrill
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (J.R.T.); (A.P.R.B.); (I.T.)
| | - Angelo Patrick R. Bautista
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (J.R.T.); (A.P.R.B.); (I.T.)
| | - Irene Tsioutsias
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (J.R.T.); (A.P.R.B.); (I.T.)
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Miranda D. Grounds
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Peter G. Arthur
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; (J.R.T.); (A.P.R.B.); (I.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Garapati K, Jain A, Madden BJ, Mun DG, Sharma J, Budhraja R, Pandey A. Defining albumin as a glycoprotein with multiple N-linked glycosylation sites. J Transl Med 2024; 22:454. [PMID: 38741158 PMCID: PMC11090807 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05000-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycosylation is an enzyme-catalyzed post-translational modification that is distinct from glycation and is present on a majority of plasma proteins. N-glycosylation occurs on asparagine residues predominantly within canonical N-glycosylation motifs (Asn-X-Ser/Thr) although non-canonical N-glycosylation motifs Asn-X-Cys/Val have also been reported. Albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma whose glycation is well-studied in diabetes mellitus. However, albumin has long been considered a non-glycosylated protein due to absence of canonical motifs. Albumin contains two non-canonical N-glycosylation motifs, of which one was recently reported to be glycosylated. METHODS We enriched abundant serum proteins to investigate their N-linked glycosylation followed by trypsin digestion and glycopeptide enrichment by size-exclusion or mixed-mode anion-exchange chromatography. Glycosylation at canonical as well as non-canonical sites was evaluated by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of enriched glycopeptides. Deglycosylation analysis was performed to confirm N-linked glycosylation at non-canonical sites. Albumin-derived glycopeptides were fragmented by MS3 to confirm attached glycans. Parallel reaction monitoring was carried out on twenty additional samples to validate these findings. Bovine and rabbit albumin-derived glycopeptides were similarly analyzed by LC-MS/MS. RESULTS Human albumin is N-glycosylated at two non-canonical sites, Asn68 and Asn123. N-glycopeptides were detected at both sites bearing four complex sialylated glycans and validated by MS3-based fragmentation and deglycosylation studies. Targeted mass spectrometry confirmed glycosylation in twenty additional donor samples. Finally, the highly conserved Asn123 in bovine and rabbit serum albumin was also found to be glycosylated. CONCLUSIONS Albumin is a glycoprotein with conserved N-linked glycosylation sites that could have potential clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Garapati
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Anu Jain
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | | | - Dong-Gi Mun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jyoti Sharma
- Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India
- Institute of Bioinformatics, International Technology Park, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rohit Budhraja
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Akhilesh Pandey
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rieder GS, Nogara PA, Omage FB, Duarte T, Dalla Corte CL, da Rocha JBT. Computational analysis of the interactions between Ebselen and derivatives with the active site of the main protease from SARS-CoV-2. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 107:107956. [PMID: 37748316 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The main protease (Mpro) of the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a key target for developing antiviral drugs. Ebselen (EbSe) is a selenium-containing compound that has been shown to inhibit Mpro in vitro by forming a covalent bond with the cysteine (Cys) residue in the active site of the enzyme. However, EbSe can also bind to other proteins, like albumin, and low molecular weight compounds that have free thiol groups, such as Cys and glutathione (GSH), which may affect its availability and activity. In this study, we analyzed the Mpro interaction with EbSe, its analogues, and its metabolites with Cys, GSH, and albumin by molecular docking. We also simulated the electronic structure of the generated molecules by density functional theory (DFT) and explored the stability of EbSe and one of its best derivatives, EbSe-2,5-MeClPh, in the catalytic pocket of Mpro through covalent docking and molecular dynamics. Our results show that EbSe and its analogues bound to GSH/albumin have larger distance between the selenium atom of the ligands and the sulfur atom of Cys145 of Mpro than the other compounds. This suggests that EbSe and its GSH/albumin-analogues may have less affinity for the active site of Mpro. EbSe-2,5-MeClPh was found one of the best molecules, and in molecular dynamics simulations, it showed to undergo more conformational changes in the active site of Mpro, in relation to EbSe, which remained stable in the catalytic pocket. Moreover, this study also reveals that all compounds have the potential to interact closely with the active site of Mpro, providing us with a concept of which derivatives may be promising for in vitro analysis in the future. We propose that these compounds are potential covalent inhibitors of Mpro and that organoselenium compounds are molecules that should be studied for their antiviral properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Schmitt Rieder
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Pablo Andrei Nogara
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Sul-rio-grandense (IFSul), Bagé 96418-400, RS, Brazil
| | - Folorunsho Bright Omage
- Biological Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Computational Biology Research Group, Embrapa Agricultural Informatics, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tâmie Duarte
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Lenz Dalla Corte
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - João Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, 97105-900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Basic Health Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 90035-003.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yasuda K, Maeda H, Kinoshita R, Minayoshi Y, Mizuta Y, Nakamura Y, Imoto S, Nishi K, Yamasaki K, Sakuragi M, Nakamura T, Ikeda-Imafuku M, Iwao Y, Ishima Y, Ishida T, Iwakiri Y, Otagiri M, Watanabe H, Maruyama T. Encapsulation of an Antioxidant in Redox-Sensitive Self-Assembled Albumin Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Hepatitis. ACS NANO 2023; 17:16668-16681. [PMID: 37579503 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver caused by the inadequate elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from Kupffer cells. Edaravone is clinically used as an antioxidant but shows poor liver distribution. Herein, we report on the design of a Kupffer cell-oriented nanoantioxidant based on a disulfide cross-linked albumin nanoparticle containing encapsulated edaravone (EeNA) as a therapeutic for the treatment of hepatitis. Since the edaravone is bound to albumin, this results in a soluble and stable form of edaravone in water. Exchanging the intramolecular disulfide bonds to intermolecular disulfide bridges of albumin molecules allowed the preparation of a redox responsive albumin nanoparticle that is stable in the blood circulation but can release drugs into cells. Consequently, EeNA was fabricated by the nanoscale self-assembly of edaravone and albumin nanoparticles without the additives that are contained in commercially available edaravone preparations. EeNA retained its nanostructure under serum conditions, but the encapsulated edaravone was released efficiently under intracellular reducing conditions in macrophages. The EeNA was largely distributed in the liver and subsequently internalized into Kupffer cells within 60 min after injection in a concanavalin-A-induced hepatitis mouse. The survival rate of the hepatitis mice was significantly improved by EeNA due to the suppression of liver necrosis and oxidative stress by scavenging excessive ROS. Moreover, even through the postadministration, EeNA showed an excellent hepatoprotective action as well. In conclusion, EeNA has the potential for use as a nanotherapeutic against various types of hepatitis because of its Kupffer cell targeting ability and redox characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kengo Yasuda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1, Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maeda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1, Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Ryo Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1, Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yuki Minayoshi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1, Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yuki Mizuta
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1, Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1, Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Shuhei Imoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
- DDS Research Institute, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Koji Nishi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Keishi Yamasaki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Mina Sakuragi
- Faculty of Engineering, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Teruya Nakamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1, Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ikeda-Imafuku
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichiban-Cho, Wakayama 640-8156, Japan
| | - Yasunori Iwao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichiban-Cho, Wakayama 640-8156, Japan
| | - Yu Ishima
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiro Ishida
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 1-78-1, Sho-machi, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Yasuko Iwakiri
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, United States
| | - Masaki Otagiri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Nishi-ku, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1, Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Toru Maruyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1, Oe-honmachi, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Hiremath KB, Shivashankar M, Chandrasekaran N. Multispectroscopic Studies on HSA Interaction, DFT Calculations, Molecular Docking, and Antimicrobial Activities of Imine‐ Functionalized Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane Derivatives. ChemistrySelect 2023; 8. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202301772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
AbstractFollowing recent work on new Tris hydroxymethyl aminomethane Schiff base derivatives were synthesized and characterized by using NMR (1H, 13C, and depth), FT‐IR, and Mass spectroscopy. The crystal structure of STB has been determined by X‐ray diffraction analysis. The binding interaction of the 3 chemically synthesized molecules with human serum albumin has been examined under the pH=7.40 through UV‐visible absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy analysis. The result obtained from the fluorescence experiment (1014) suggests a static mechanism of quenching. By utilizing fluorescence spectroscopy to determine the binding constant (Kb=106), it was determined which ligands have the highest affinity for HSA and that these ligands had changed the structure of HSA. Through hydrophobic interactions, the ligands bind to HSA on site I (subdomain II), according to thermodynamic parameters like enthalpy change (ΔHo), entropy change (ΔSo), and Gibbs free energy change (ΔGo). The result of 3D fluorescence spectra also showed that albumin conformational changes were brought on by these ligands. The results of the experiments were supported by DFT and molecular docking of ligands with HSA. Escherichia coli, Stap. aureus, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus flavus were tested for antimicrobial activity against the synthesized compounds respectively.
Collapse
|
9
|
Martinez-Banaclocha MA. Targeting the Cysteine Redox Proteome in Parkinson's Disease: The Role of Glutathione Precursors and Beyond. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1373. [PMID: 37507913 PMCID: PMC10376658 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Encouraging recent data on the molecular pathways underlying aging have identified variants and expansions of genes associated with DNA replication and repair, telomere and stem cell maintenance, regulation of the redox microenvironment, and intercellular communication. In addition, cell rejuvenation requires silencing some transcription factors and the activation of pluripotency, indicating that hidden molecular networks must integrate and synchronize all these cellular mechanisms. Therefore, in addition to gene sequence expansions and variations associated with senescence, the optimization of transcriptional regulation and protein crosstalk is essential. The protein cysteinome is crucial in cellular regulation and plays unexpected roles in the aging of complex organisms, which show cumulative somatic mutations, telomere attrition, epigenetic modifications, and oxidative dysregulation, culminating in cellular senescence. The cysteine thiol groups are highly redox-active, allowing high functional versatility as structural disulfides, redox-active disulfides, active-site nucleophiles, proton donors, and metal ligands to participate in multiple regulatory sites in proteins. Also, antioxidant systems control diverse cellular functions, including the transcription machinery, which partially depends on the catalytically active cysteines that can reduce disulfide bonds in numerous target proteins, driving their biological integration. Since we have previously proposed a fundamental role of cysteine-mediated redox deregulation in neurodegeneration, we suggest that cellular rejuvenation of the cysteine redox proteome using GSH precursors, like N-acetyl-cysteine, is an underestimated multitarget therapeutic approach that would be particularly beneficial in Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
|
10
|
Famta P, Shah S, Jain N, Srinivasarao DA, Murthy A, Ahmed T, Vambhurkar G, Shahrukh S, Singh SB, Srivastava S. Albumin-hitchhiking: Fostering the pharmacokinetics and anticancer therapeutics. J Control Release 2023; 353:166-185. [PMID: 36423870 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Nanotherapeutics demonstrate poor accumulation in the tumor microenvironment due to poor extravasation and penetration into the tumor. Therapeutics such as oligonucleotides, peptides and other biologicals suffer from low systemic half-life and rapid degradation. Albumin-hitchhiking has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance tumor-specific accumulation of various therapeutics. Hitchhiking on serum albumin (SA) have shown to improve biological half-life of various therapeutics including nanocarriers (NCs), biologics, oligonucleotides, vaccines, etc. In addition, passive and active accumulation of SA-riding therapeutics in the tumor, site-specific drug release, and SA-mediated endosomal escape have improved the potential of various anticancer modalities such as chemo-, immune-, vaccine, and gene therapies. In this review, we have discussed the advantages of employing SA-hitchhiking in anticancer therapies. In addition, vaccine strategies employing inherent lymph-nodes accumulating property of albumin have been discussed. We have presented a clinical overview of SA-hitchhiked formulations along with possible bottlenecks for improved clinical outcomes. We have also discussed the role of physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) modelling for efficient characterization of anti-cancer nanotherapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paras Famta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saurabh Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Naitik Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Dadi A Srinivasarao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Aditya Murthy
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Bioequivalence, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., Global Clinical Management Group, IPDO, Hyderabad, India
| | - Tausif Ahmed
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Bioequivalence, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd., Global Clinical Management Group, IPDO, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ganesh Vambhurkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Syed Shahrukh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Shashi Bala Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India
| | - Saurabh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Watanabe H. Oxidized Albumin: Evaluation of Oxidative Stress as a Marker for the Progression of Kidney Disease. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1728-1732. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Watanabe
- Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Advanced EPI-X4 Derivatives Covalently Bind Human Serum Albumin Resulting in Prolonged Plasma Stability. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315029. [PMID: 36499357 PMCID: PMC9735595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced derivatives of the Endogenous Peptide Inhibitor of CXCR4 (EPI-X4) have shown therapeutic efficacy upon topical administration in animal models of asthma and dermatitis. Here, we studied the plasma stability of the EPI-X4 lead compounds WSC02 and JM#21, using mass spectrometry to monitor the chemical integrity of the peptides and a functional fluorescence-based assay to determine peptide function in a CXCR4-antibody competition assay. Although mass spectrometry revealed very rapid disappearance of both peptides in human plasma within seconds, the functional assay revealed a significantly higher half-life of 9 min for EPI-X4 WSC02 and 6 min for EPI-X4 JM#21. Further analyses demonstrated that EPI-X4 WSC02 and EPI-X4 JM#21 interact with low molecular weight plasma components and serum albumin. Albumin binding is mediated by the formation of a disulfide bridge between Cys10 in the EPI-X4 peptides and Cys34 in albumin. These covalently linked albumin-peptide complexes have a higher stability in plasma as compared with the non-bound peptides and retain the ability to bind and antagonize CXCR4. Remarkably, chemically synthesized albumin-EPI-X4 conjugates coupled by non-breakable bonds have a drastically increased plasma stability of over 2 h. Thus, covalent coupling of EPI-X4 to albumin in vitro before administration or in vivo post administration may significantly increase the pharmacokinetic properties of this new class of CXCR4 antagonists.
Collapse
|
13
|
Renaud JB, Walsh JP, Sumarah MW. Optimization of Aflatoxin B1-Lysine Analysis for Public Health Exposure Studies. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100672. [PMID: 36287941 PMCID: PMC9606987 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 is a potent human carcinogen produced by several species of Aspergillus mainly found on nuts and maize. Exposures in parts of Africa, Latin America and Asia can be at multiples, sometimes orders of magnitude above tolerable daily levels. Although human exposure to aflatoxin can be estimated by analysis of the diet, only determination of the serum albumin aflatoxin adduct provides a health-relevant exposure measure. The lack of a reference serum limits interlaboratory method validation and data comparisons. In this study, we synthetically produced AFB1-dialdehyde and covalently coupled it to serum albumin in human serum. This synthetic produced aflatoxin-serum reference material was used in conjunction with isotopically labelled internal standards to evaluate sample digestion methods. This showed using sufficient Pronase in the digestion step was critical to ensure complete proteolytic digestion, which occurs within 4 h. Increasing the digestion temperature from 37 °C to 50 °C also provided a benefit to the overall analysis. In addition, the use of dried blood spots and Volumetric Absorptive Microsampling (VAMS) were investigated showing samples stored with VAMS produced equivalent results to serum samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin B Renaud
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.B.R.); (M.W.S.)
| | - Jacob P Walsh
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
| | - Mark W Sumarah
- London Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, London, ON N5V 4T3, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada
- Correspondence: (J.B.R.); (M.W.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Spectroscopic Analysis of an Antimalarial Drug’s (Quinine) Influence on Human Serum Albumin Reduction and Antioxidant Potential. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186027. [PMID: 36144764 PMCID: PMC9505252 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Quinine (Qi) is a well-known drug used in malaria therapy; it is also a potential anti-arrhythmic drug used in the treatment of calf cramps, rheumatoid arthritis, colds, and photodermatitis. Moreover, it is used in the food industry for the production of tonics. This study aimed to analyze the interaction between quinine and a transporting protein—human serum albumin (HSA)—as well as the influence of Qi on both protein reduction and antioxidant potential. It was found that Qi (via spectrofluorometric measurements and circular dichroism spectroscopy) binds to HSA with a low affinity and slightly affects the secondary structure of albumin. As demonstrated by the use of ABTS and FRAP assays, HSA has a higher antioxidant and reduction potential than Qi, while their mutual interaction results in a synergistic effect in antioxidant activity and reduction potential.
Collapse
|
15
|
Rogóż W, Pożycka J, Owczarzy A, Kulig K, Maciążek-Jurczyk M. Comparison of Losartan and Furosemide Interaction with HSA and Their Influence on HSA Antioxidant Potential. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:499. [PMID: 35631326 PMCID: PMC9144853 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum albumin (HSA) is the most important protein in human body. Due to the antioxidant activity, HSA influences homeostasis maintenance and transport of drugs as well as other substances. It is noteworthy that ligands, such as popular drugs, modulate the antioxidant activity of HSA. The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of losartan (LOS) and furosemide (FUR) on HSA antioxidant properties as well as the interaction between these drugs and protein using calorimetric and spectroscopic methods. LOS and FUR showed the high affinity for human serum albumin, and the binding reactions between them were spontaneous and exothermic. LOS and FUR, separately and together in the system, have no significant impact on the secondary HSA structure; however they have significant impact on the tertiary HSA structure. LOS and FUR mixed with HSA have the ability to scavenge free radicals, and the ligand(s)-HSA interactions were synergistic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Małgorzata Maciążek-Jurczyk
- Department of Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (W.R.); (J.P.); (A.O.); (K.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Bocedi A, Lai O, Cattani G, Roncoroni C, Gambardella G, Notari S, Tancredi F, Bitonti G, Calabrò S, Ricci G. Animal Biomonitoring for the Surveillance of Environment Affected by the Presence of Slight Contamination by β-HCH. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030527. [PMID: 35326177 PMCID: PMC8944493 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of hidden environmental pollution on some blood parameters of sheep to detect susceptible biomarkers able to reveal slight contamination. Four dairy sheep farms, two with semi-extensive and two with intensive type systems were involved in this study. Two farms in different systems were chosen as properly located in a southern area of Latium (Italy), close to the Sacco River, in which contamination with β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH) occurred in the past due to industrial waste. A recent study established the presence of low but detectable residual contamination in these areas. The other two farms were outside the contaminated area. Erythrocyte glutathione transferase (e-GST) and oxidative stress parameters were monitored as well as some immune response and metabolic profile parameters throughout the investigated period of four months. The present study showed a relevant and significant increase in e-GST (+63%) in the extensive farming system of the contaminated area, whereas some immune response biomarkers, i.e., white blood cells, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and lysozyme resulted within the physiological range. In all farms, oxidative stress and acute phase response parameters were also within the physiological range. Our results suggest that e-GST is a very effective alarm signal to reveal “hidden” persistent contamination by β-HCH, and reasonably, by many other different dangerous pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (S.N.)
| | - Olga Lai
- Experimental Zoo-Prophylactic Institute Latium and Tuscany ‘M. Aleandri’, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00182 Rome, Italy; (O.L.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Giada Cattani
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (S.N.)
| | - Cristina Roncoroni
- Experimental Zoo-Prophylactic Institute Latium and Tuscany ‘M. Aleandri’, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00182 Rome, Italy; (O.L.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Giorgia Gambardella
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (S.N.)
| | - Sara Notari
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (S.N.)
| | - Francesco Tancredi
- Experimental Zoo-Prophylactic Institute Latium and Tuscany ‘M. Aleandri’, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00182 Rome, Italy; (O.L.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Bitonti
- Experimental Zoo-Prophylactic Institute Latium and Tuscany ‘M. Aleandri’, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00182 Rome, Italy; (O.L.); (C.R.); (F.T.); (G.B.)
| | - Serena Calabrò
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Ricci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome ‘Tor Vergata’, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy; (A.B.); (G.C.); (G.G.); (S.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0672594353
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Garavaglia ML, Giustarini D, Colombo G, Reggiani F, Finazzi S, Calatroni M, Landoni L, Portinaro NM, Milzani A, Badalamenti S, Rossi R, Dalle-Donne I. Blood Thiol Redox State in Chronic Kidney Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052853. [PMID: 35269995 PMCID: PMC8911004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Thiols (sulfhydryl groups) are effective antioxidants that can preserve the correct structure of proteins, and can protect cells and tissues from damage induced by oxidative stress. Abnormal levels of thiols have been measured in the blood of patients with moderate-to-severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared to healthy subjects, as well as in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on haemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. The levels of protein thiols (a measure of the endogenous antioxidant capacity inversely related to protein oxidation) and S-thiolated proteins (mixed disulphides of protein thiols and low molecular mass thiols), and the protein thiolation index (the molar ratio of the S-thiolated proteins to free protein thiols in plasma) have been investigated in the plasma or red blood cells of CKD and ESRD patients as possible biomarkers of oxidative stress. This type of minimally invasive analysis provides valuable information on the redox status of the less-easily accessible tissues and organs, and of the whole organism. This review provides an overview of reversible modifications in protein thiols in the setting of CKD and renal replacement therapy. The evidence suggests that protein thiols, S-thiolated proteins, and the protein thiolation index are promising biomarkers of reversible oxidative stress that could be included in the routine monitoring of CKD and ESRD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Lisa Garavaglia
- Department of Biosciences (Department of Excellence 2018–2022), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.G.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Daniela Giustarini
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Department of Excellence 2018–2022), University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Graziano Colombo
- Department of Biosciences (Department of Excellence 2018–2022), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.G.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Francesco Reggiani
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy or (F.R.); (S.F.); or (M.C.); (S.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Finazzi
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy or (F.R.); (S.F.); or (M.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Marta Calatroni
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy or (F.R.); (S.F.); or (M.C.); (S.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, 20090 Milan, Italy
| | - Lucia Landoni
- Department of Biosciences (Department of Excellence 2018–2022), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.G.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Nicola Marcello Portinaro
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Aldo Milzani
- Department of Biosciences (Department of Excellence 2018–2022), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.G.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Salvatore Badalamenti
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy or (F.R.); (S.F.); or (M.C.); (S.B.)
| | - Ranieri Rossi
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmacy (Department of Excellence 2018–2022), University of Siena, Via A. Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy;
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (I.D.-D.)
| | - Isabella Dalle-Donne
- Department of Biosciences (Department of Excellence 2018–2022), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.L.G.); (G.C.); (L.L.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: (R.R.); (I.D.-D.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Martinez-Banaclocha M. N-Acetyl-Cysteine: Modulating the Cysteine Redox Proteome in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020416. [PMID: 35204298 PMCID: PMC8869501 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last twenty years, significant progress in understanding the pathophysiology of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases has been made. However, the prevention and treatment of these diseases remain without clinically significant therapeutic advancement. While we still hope for some potential genetic therapeutic approaches, the current reality is far from substantial progress. With this state of the issue, emphasis should be placed on early diagnosis and prompt intervention in patients with increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases to slow down their progression, poor prognosis, and decreasing quality of life. Accordingly, it is urgent to implement interventions addressing the psychosocial and biochemical disturbances we know are central in managing the evolution of these disorders. Genomic and proteomic studies have shown the high molecular intricacy in neurodegenerative diseases, involving a broad spectrum of cellular pathways underlying disease progression. Recent investigations indicate that the dysregulation of the sensitive-cysteine proteome may be a concurrent pathogenic mechanism contributing to the pathophysiology of major neurodegenerative diseases, opening new therapeutic opportunities. Considering the incidence and prevalence of these disorders and their already significant burden in Western societies, they will become a real pandemic in the following decades. Therefore, we propose large-scale investigations, in selected groups of people over 40 years of age with decreased blood glutathione levels, comorbidities, and/or mild cognitive impairment, to evaluate supplementation of the diet with low doses of N-acetyl-cysteine, a promising and well-tolerated therapeutic agent suitable for long-term use.
Collapse
|
19
|
Kuwashiro T, Tanabe K, Hayashi C, Mizoguchi T, Mori K, Jinnouchi J, Yasaka M, Okada Y. Oxidized Albumin and Cartilage Acidic Protein-1 as Blood Biomarkers to Predict Ischemic Stroke Outcomes. Front Neurol 2021; 12:686555. [PMID: 34917008 PMCID: PMC8670551 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.686555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: There is high demand for blood biomarkers that reflect the therapeutic response or predict the outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, few biomarkers have been evidentially verified to date. This study evaluated two proteins, oxidized albumin (OxHSA) and cartilage acidic protein-1 (CRTAC1), as potential prognostic markers of AIS. Methods: The ratio of OxHSA to normal albumin (%OxHSA) and the level of CRTAC1 in the sera of 74 AIS patients were analyzed on admission (day 0), and at 1 and 7 days after admission. AIS patients were divided into two groups according to their modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months after discharge: the low-mRS (mRS < 2) group included 48 patients and the high-mRS (mRS ≥ 2) group included 26 patients. The differences in %OxHSA and CRTAC1 between the two groups on days 0, 1, and 7 were evaluated. Results: The mean %OxHSA values of the high-mRS group on days 0, 1, and 7 were significantly higher than those of the low-mRS group (p < 0.05). The CRTAC1 levels continuously increased from day 0 to day 7, and those of the high-mRS group were significantly higher than those of the low-mRS group on day 7 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These results suggest that higher %OxHSA and CRTAC1 are associated with poor outcomes in AIS patients. An index that combines %OxHSA and CRTAC1 can accurately predict the outcomes of AIS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kuwashiro
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tanabe
- Medical Solution Promotion Department, Medical Solution Segment, LSI Medience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.,Kyushu Pro Search Limited Liability Partnership, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Chihiro Hayashi
- Medical Solution Promotion Department, Medical Solution Segment, LSI Medience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tadataka Mizoguchi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kota Mori
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Juro Jinnouchi
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yasaka
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okada
- Department of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization, Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Bolaños K, Sánchez-Navarro M, Giralt E, Acosta G, Albericio F, Kogan MJ, Araya E. NIR and glutathione trigger the surface release of methotrexate linked by Diels-Alder adducts to anisotropic gold nanoparticles. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112512. [PMID: 34857291 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The administration and controlled release of drugs over time remains one of the greatest challenges of science today. In the nanomaterials field, anisotropic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with plasmon bands centered at the near-infrared region (NIR), such as gold nanorods (AuNRs) and gold nanoprisms (AuNPrs), under laser irradiation, locally increase the temperature, allowing the release of drugs. In this sense, temporally controlled drug delivery could be promoted by external stimuli using thermo-reversible chemical reactions, such as Diels-Alder cycloadditions from a diene and a dienophile fragment (compound a). In this study, an antitumor drug (methotrexate, MTX) was linked to plasmonic AuNPs by a Diels-Alder adduct (compound c), which after NIR suffers a retro-Diels-Alder reaction, producing release of the drug (compound b). We obtained two nanosystems based on AuNRs and AuNPrs. Both nanoconstructs were coated with BSA-r8 (Bovine Serum Albumin functionalized with Arg8, all-D octa arginine) in order to increase the colloidal stability and promote internalization of the nanosystems on HeLa and SK-BR-3 cells. In addition, the presence of BSA allows protecting the cargo from being released on the extracellular environment and promotes the photothermal release of the drug in the presence of glutathione (GSH). The nanosystems' drug release profile was evaluated after NIR irradiation in the presence and absence of glutathione (GSH), showing a considerable increase of drug release when NIR light and glutathione were combined. This work broadens the range of possibilities of using two complementary strategies for the controlled release of an antitumor drug from AuNRs and AuNPrs: the photothermal cleavage of a thermolabile adduct controlled by an external stimulus (laser irradiation), complemented with the use of the intracellular metabolite GSH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Bolaños
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases, Santiago, Chile; Center for studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Macarena Sánchez-Navarro
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ernest Giralt
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine-Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Baldiri Reixac 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gerardo Acosta
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Spain
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Spain; School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Marcelo J Kogan
- Advanced Center of Chronic Diseases, Santiago, Chile; Departamento de Química Farmacológica y Toxicológica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Eyleen Araya
- Departamento de Ciencias Quimicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Elangovan A, Suresh D, Tarim AO, Upendran A, Kannan R. Controlled assembly of gold and albumin nanoparticles to form hybrid multimeric nanomaterials. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akhilan Elangovan
- Department of Bioengineering University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Dhananjay Suresh
- Department of Bioengineering University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
- Department of Radiology University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Andrew O. Tarim
- Department of Bioengineering University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Anandhi Upendran
- Department of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Science University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| | - Raghuraman Kannan
- Department of Bioengineering University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
- Department of Radiology University of Missouri Columbia Missouri USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Hakala T, Yates EV, Challa PK, Toprakcioglu Z, Nadendla K, Matak-Vinkovic D, Dobson CM, Martínez R, Corzana F, Knowles TPJ, Bernardes GJL. Accelerating Reaction Rates of Biomolecules by Using Shear Stress in Artificial Capillary Systems. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16401-16410. [PMID: 34606279 PMCID: PMC8517977 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c03681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Biomimetics is a design principle within chemistry, biology, and engineering, but chemistry biomimetic approaches have been generally limited to emulating nature's chemical toolkit while emulation of nature's physical toolkit has remained largely unexplored. To begin to explore this, we designed biophysically mimetic microfluidic reactors with characteristic length scales and shear stresses observed within capillaries. We modeled the effect of shear with molecular dynamics studies and showed that this induces specific normally buried residues to become solvent accessible. We then showed using kinetics experiments that rates of reaction of these specific residues in fact increase in a shear-dependent fashion. We applied our results in the creation of a new microfluidic approach for the multidimensional study of cysteine biomarkers. Finally, we used our approach to establish dissociation of the therapeutic antibody trastuzumab in a reducing environment. Our results have implications for the efficacy of existing therapeutic antibodies in blood plasma as well as suggesting in general that biophysically mimetic chemistry is exploited in biology and should be explored as a research area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tuuli
A. Hakala
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Emma V. Yates
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Pavan K. Challa
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Zenon Toprakcioglu
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Karthik Nadendla
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Dijana Matak-Vinkovic
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher M. Dobson
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
| | - Rodrigo Martínez
- Departamento
de Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Francisco Corzana
- Departamento
de Química, Centro de Investigación en Síntesis
Química, Universidad de La Rioja, 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Tuomas P. J. Knowles
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Cavendish
Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, CB3 0HE Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gonçalo J. L. Bernardes
- Yusuf
Hamied Department of Chemistry, University
of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom
- Instituto
de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina de Universidad de Lisboa, Avenida Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Serum Albumin: A Multifaced Enzyme. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810086. [PMID: 34576249 PMCID: PMC8466385 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in plasma, contributing actively to oncotic pressure maintenance and fluid distribution between body compartments. HSA acts as the main carrier of fatty acids, recognizes metal ions, affects pharmacokinetics of many drugs, provides the metabolic modification of some ligands, renders potential toxins harmless, accounts for most of the anti-oxidant capacity of human plasma, and displays esterase, enolase, glucuronidase, and peroxidase (pseudo)-enzymatic activities. HSA-based catalysis is physiologically relevant, affecting the metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds including proteins, lipids, cholesterol, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and drugs. Catalytic properties of HSA are modulated by allosteric effectors, competitive inhibitors, chemical modifications, pathological conditions, and aging. HSA displays anti-oxidant properties and is critical for plasma detoxification from toxic agents and for pro-drugs activation. The enzymatic properties of HSA can be also exploited by chemical industries as a scaffold to produce libraries of catalysts with improved proficiency and stereoselectivity for water decontamination from poisonous agents and environmental contaminants, in the so called “green chemistry” field. Here, an overview of the intrinsic and metal dependent (pseudo-)enzymatic properties of HSA is reported to highlight the roles played by this multifaced protein.
Collapse
|
24
|
Sung YS, Wu W, Ewbank MA, Utterback RD, Marty MT, Tomat E. Albumin Conjugates of Thiosemicarbazone and Imidazole-2-thione Prochelators: Iron Coordination and Antiproliferative Activity. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:2764-2768. [PMID: 33974730 PMCID: PMC8448912 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The central role of iron in tumor progression and metastasis motivates the development of iron-binding approaches in cancer chemotherapy. Disulfide-based prochelators are reductively activated upon cellular uptake to liberate thiol chelators responsible for iron sequestration. Herein, a trimethyl thiosemicarbazone moiety and the imidazole-2-thione heterocycle are incorporated in this prochelator design. Iron binding of the corresponding tridentate chelators leads to the stabilization of a low-spin ferric center in 2 : 1 ligand-to-metal complexes. Native mass spectrometry experiments show that the prochelators form stable disulfide conjugates with bovine serum albumin, thus affording novel bioconjugate prochelator systems. Antiproliferative activities at sub-micromolar levels are recorded in a panel of breast, ovarian and colorectal cancer cells, along with significantly lower activity in normal fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shien Sung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA
| | - Wangbin Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA
| | - Megan A Ewbank
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA
| | - Rachel D Utterback
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA
| | - Michael T Marty
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA
| | - Elisa Tomat
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Arizona, 1306 E. University Blvd., Tucson, AZ 85721-0041, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ke K, Pillai K, Mekkawy AH, Akhter J, Badar S, Valle SJ, Morris DL. The effect of intraperitoneal administration of BromAc on blood parameters: phase 1 study. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:25. [PMID: 35201475 PMCID: PMC8777505 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraperitoneal administration of BromAc (bromelain + acetylcysteine) is currently undergoing a phase 1 clinical trial for pseudomyxoma peritonei at our institution. This study reports on analysis of routine blood parameters before and after treatment for a series of 25 patients in this trial. Blood parameters assessed included full blood count, electrolytes, urea, and creatinine, liver function tests, coagulation studies, as well as inflammatory markers (CRP). Certain parameters such as CRP, and white cell count, were significantly elevated after treatment whilst serum albumin level was reduced indicating an inflammatory reaction. However, liver enzymes, coagulation studies, and other parameters were not affected. Therefore, there are no additional safety signals evident upon analysis of routine blood parameter testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Ke
- Department of Surgery, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Krishna Pillai
- Department of Surgery, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Ahmed H Mekkawy
- Department of Surgery, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Javed Akhter
- Department of Surgery, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Samina Badar
- Department of Surgery, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
- St George & Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - Sarah J Valle
- Department of Surgery, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia
| | - David L Morris
- Department of Surgery, St. George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia.
- Mucpharm Pty Ltd, Kogarah, NSW, 2217, Australia.
- St George & Sutherland Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2217, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
A Blood Biomarker for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Shows That Oxidation State of Albumin Correlates with Protein Oxidation and Damage in Mdx Muscle. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081241. [PMID: 34439489 PMCID: PMC8389308 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe X-linked muscle wasting disease with no cure. While the precise mechanisms of progressive dystropathology remain unclear, oxidative stress caused by excessive generation of oxidants is strongly implicated. Blood biomarkers that could track oxidant levels in tissues would be valuable to measure the effectiveness of clinical treatments for DMD; our research has focused on developing such biomarkers. One target of oxidants that has the potential to be harnessed as a clinical biomarker is the thiol side chain of cysteine 34 (Cys34) of the blood protein albumin. This study using the mdx mouse model of DMD shows that in plasma, albumin Cys34 undergoes thiol oxidation and these changes correlate with levels of protein thiol oxidation and damage of the dystrophic muscles. A comparison with the commonly used biomarker protein carbonylation, confirmed that albumin thiol oxidation is the more sensitive plasma biomarker of oxidative stress occurring in muscle tissue. We show that plasma albumin oxidation reflects muscle dystropathology, as increased after exercise and decreased after taurine treatment of mdx mice. These data support the use of albumin thiol oxidation as a blood biomarker of dystropathology to assist with advancing clinical development of therapies for DMD.
Collapse
|
27
|
A pH-dependent protein stability switch coupled to the perturbed pKa of a single ionizable residue. Biophys Chem 2021; 274:106591. [PMID: 33895555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The contribution of electrostatic interactions in protein stability has not been fully understood. Burial of an ionizable amino acid inside the hydrophobic protein core can affect its ionization equilibrium and shift its pKa differentially in the native (N) and unfolded (U) states of a protein and this coupling between the folding/unfolding cycle and the ionization equilibria of the ionizable residue can substantially influence the protein stability. Here, we studied the coupling of the folding/unfolding cycle with the ionization of a buried ionizable residue in a multi-domain protein, Human Serum Albumin (HSA) using fluorescence spectroscopy. A pH-dependent change in the stability of HSA was observed in the near native pH range (pH 6.0-9.0). The protonation-deprotonation equilibrium of a single thiol residue that is buried in the protein structure was identified to give rise to the pH-dependent protein stability. We quantified the pKa of the thiol residue in the N and the U states. The mean pKa of the thiol in the N state was upshifted by 0.5 units to 8.7 due to the burial of the thiol in the protein structure. Surprisingly, the mean pKa of the thiol in the U state was observed to be downshifted by 1.3 units to 6.9. These results indicate that some charged residues are spatially proximal to the thiol group in the U state. Our results suggest that, in addition to the N state, electrostatic interactions in the U state are important determinants of protein stability.
Collapse
|
28
|
Serum Albumin Redox States: More Than Oxidative Stress Biomarker. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10040503. [PMID: 33804859 PMCID: PMC8063786 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Serum albumin is the most abundant circulating protein in mammals including humans. It has three isoforms according to the redox state of the free cysteine residue at position 34, named as mercaptalbumin (reduced albumin), non-mercaptalbumin-1 and -2 (oxidized albumin), respectively. The serum albumin redox state has long been viewed as a biomarker of systemic oxidative stress, as the redox state shifts to a more oxidized state in response to the severity of the pathological condition in various diseases such as liver diseases and renal failures. However, recent ex vivo studies revealed oxidized albumin per se could aggravate the pathological conditions. Furthermore, the possibility of the serum albumin redox state as a sensitive protein nutrition biomarker has also been demonstrated in a series of animal studies. A paradigm shift is thus ongoing in the research field of the serum albumin. This article provides an updated overview of analytical techniques for serum albumin redox state and its association with human health, focusing on recent findings.
Collapse
|
29
|
Figueroa SM, Araos P, Reyes J, Gravez B, Barrera-Chimal J, Amador CA. Oxidized Albumin as a Mediator of Kidney Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030404. [PMID: 33800425 PMCID: PMC8000637 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal diseases are a global health concern, and nearly 24% of kidney disease patients are overweight or obese. Particularly, increased body mass index has been correlated with oxidative stress and urinary albumin excretion in kidney disease patients, also contributing to increased cardiovascular risk. Albumin is the main plasma protein and is able to partially cross the glomerular filtration barrier, being reabsorbed mainly by the proximal tubule through different mechanisms. However, it has been demonstrated that albumin suffers different posttranslational modifications, including oxidation, which appears to be tightly linked to kidney damage progression and is increased in obese patients. Plasma-oxidized albumin levels correlate with a decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate and an increase in blood urea nitrogen in patients with chronic kidney disease. Moreover, oxidized albumin in kidney disease patients is independently correlated with higher plasma levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β1), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. In addition, oxidized albumin exerts a direct effect on neutrophils by augmenting the levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, a well-accepted biomarker for renal damage in patients and in different experimental settings. Moreover, it has been suggested that albumin oxidation occurs at early stages of chronic kidney disease, accelerating the patient requirements for dialytic treatment during disease progression. In this review, we summarize the evidence supporting the role of overweight- and obesity-induced oxidative stress as a critical factor for the progression of renal disease and cardiovascular morbimortality through albumin oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanny M. Figueroa
- Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile; (S.M.F.); (P.A.); (J.R.); (B.G.)
| | - Patricio Araos
- Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile; (S.M.F.); (P.A.); (J.R.); (B.G.)
| | - Javier Reyes
- Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile; (S.M.F.); (P.A.); (J.R.); (B.G.)
| | - Basile Gravez
- Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile; (S.M.F.); (P.A.); (J.R.); (B.G.)
| | - Jonatan Barrera-Chimal
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Cardiovascular y Trasplante Renal, Unidad de Investigación UNAM-INC, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Cristián A. Amador
- Laboratory of Renal Physiopathology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile; (S.M.F.); (P.A.); (J.R.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-22-303-6662
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Crosslinking of human plasma C-reactive protein to human serum albumin via disulfide bond oxidation. Redox Biol 2021; 41:101925. [PMID: 33714740 PMCID: PMC7966873 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Inter- and intra-molecular crosslinks can generate protein dysfunction, and are associated with protein aggregate accumulation in aged and diseased tissues. Crosslinks formed between multiple amino acid side chains can be reversible or irreversible. Disulfides formed either enzymatically, or as a result of oxidant-mediated reactions, are a major class of reversible crosslinks. Whilst these are commonly generated via oxidation of Cys thiol groups, they are also formed by ‘oxidant-mediated thiol-disulfide reactions’ via initial disulfide oxidation to a thiosulfinate or zwitterionic peroxide, and subsequent reaction with another thiol including those on other proteins. This generates new intermolecular protein-protein crosslinks. Here we demonstrate that photooxidation, or reaction with the biological oxidants HOCl and ONOOH, of the single disulfide present in the major human plasma inflammatory protein, C-reactive protein (CRP) can give rise to reversible disulfide bond formation with human serum albumin (HSA). This occurs in an oxidant dose-, or illumination-time-, dependent manner. These CRP-HSA crosslinks are formed both in isolated protein systems, and in fresh human plasma samples containing high, but not low, levels of CRP. The inter-protein crosslinks which involve Cys36 of CRP and Cys34 of HSA, have been detected by both immunoblotting and mass spectrometry (MS). The yield of protein-protein crosslinks depends on the nature and extent of oxidant exposure, and can be reversed by dithiothreitol and tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride. These data indicate that oxidation of disulfide bonds in proteins can be a source of novel inter-protein crosslinks, which may help rationalize the accumulation of crosslinked proteins in aged and diseased tissues. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a major acute phase inflammatory protein in human plasma. Oxidation of the single Cys36-Cys97 disulfide in CRP generates reactive intermediates. The oxidized disulfide reacts with Cys34 of human serum albumin to forms a new crosslink. The inter-protein CRP-HSA crosslink has been characterized by immunoblotting and LS-MS/MS. This novel crosslink may be a long-lived plasma marker of inflammation-induced damage.
Collapse
|
31
|
Turell L, Steglich M, Torres MJ, Deambrosi M, Antmann L, Furdui CM, Schopfer FJ, Alvarez B. Sulfenic acid in human serum albumin: Reaction with thiols, oxidation and spontaneous decay. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 165:254-264. [PMID: 33515755 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) contains 17 disulfides and only one reduced cysteine, Cys34, which can be oxidized to a relatively stable sulfenic acid (HSA-SOH). This derivative has been previously detected and quantified. However, its properties are poorly understood. Herein, HSA-SOH formation from the exposure of HSA to hydrogen peroxide was confirmed using the sulfenic acid probe bicyclo [6.1.0]nonyne-biotin (BCN-Bio1), and by direct detection by whole protein mass spectrometry. The decay pathways of HSA-SOH were studied. HSA-SOH reacted with a thiol leading to the formation of a mixed disulfide. The reaction occurred through a concerted or direct displacement mechanism (SN2) with the thiolate (RS-) as nucleophile towards HSA-SOH. The net charge of the thiolate affected the value of the rate constant. In the presence of hydrogen peroxide, HSA-SOH was further oxidized to sulfinic acid (HSA-SO2H) and sulfonic acid (HSA-SO3H). The rate constants of these reactions were estimated. Lastly, HSA-SOH spontaneously decayed in solution. Mass spectrometry experiments suggested that the decay product is a sulfenylamide (HSA-SN(R')R″). Chromatofocusing analysis showed that the overoxidation with hydrogen peroxide predominates at alkaline pH whereas the spontaneous decay predominates at acidic pH. The present findings provide insights into the reactivity and fate of the sulfenic acid in albumin, which are also of relevance to numerous sulfenic acid-mediated processes in redox biology and catalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Turell
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay.
| | - Martina Steglich
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Maria J Torres
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Matías Deambrosi
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Laura Antmann
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine and Center for Redox Biology and Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Beatriz Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CEINBIO), Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2125, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Devereux G, Wrolstad D, Bourke SJ, Daines CL, Doe S, Dougherty R, Franco R, Innes A, Kopp BT, Lascano J, Layish D, MacGregor G, Murray L, Peckham D, Lucidi V, Lovie E, Robertson J, Fraser-Pitt DJ, O'Neil DA. Oral cysteamine as an adjunct treatment in cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations: An exploratory randomized clinical trial. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242945. [PMID: 33370348 PMCID: PMC7769283 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging data suggests a possible role for cysteamine as an adjunct treatment for pulmonary exacerbations of cystic fibrosis (CF) that continue to be a major clinical challenge. There are no studies investigating the use of cysteamine in pulmonary exacerbations of CF. This exploratory randomized clinical trial was conducted to answer the question: In future pivotal trials of cysteamine as an adjunct treatment in pulmonary exacerbations of CF, which candidate cysteamine dosing regimens should be tested and which are the most appropriate, clinically meaningful outcome measures to employ as endpoints? METHODS AND FINDINGS Multicentre double-blind randomized clinical trial. Adults experiencing a pulmonary exacerbation of CF being treated with standard care that included aminoglycoside therapy were randomized equally to a concomitant 14-day course of placebo, or one of 5 dosing regimens of cysteamine. Outcomes were recorded on days 0, 7, 14 and 21 and included sputum bacterial load and the patient reported outcome measures (PROMs): Chronic Respiratory Infection Symptom Score (CRISS), the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R); FEV1, blood leukocyte count, and inflammatory markers. Eighty nine participants in fifteen US and EU centres were randomized, 78 completed the 14-day treatment period. Cysteamine had no significant effect on sputum bacterial load, however technical difficulties limited interpretation. The most consistent findings were for cysteamine 450mg twice daily that had effects additional to that observed with placebo, with improved symptoms, CRISS additional 9.85 points (95% CI 0.02, 19.7) p = 0.05, reduced blood leukocyte count by 2.46x109 /l (95% CI 0.11, 4.80), p = 0.041 and reduced CRP by geometric mean 2.57 nmol/l (95% CI 0.15, 0.99), p = 0.049. CONCLUSION In this exploratory study cysteamine appeared to be safe and well-tolerated. Future pivotal trials investigating the utility of cysteamine in pulmonary exacerbations of CF need to include the cysteamine 450mg doses and CRISS and blood leukocyte count as outcome measures. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03000348; www.clinicaltrials.gov.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Graham Devereux
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle Wrolstad
- Precision for Medicine, Oncology and Rare Disease, Carlsbad, CA, United States of America
| | | | - Cori L. Daines
- Banner University of Arizona Medical Center, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Simon Doe
- Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan Dougherty
- San Francisco Critical Care Medical Group California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Rose Franco
- The Medical College of Wisconsin/Froedtert Hospital, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | | | - Benjamin T. Kopp
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States of America
| | - Jorge Lascano
- University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Daniel Layish
- Central Florida Pulmonary Group, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | | | | | | | - Vincenzina Lucidi
- Ospedale Padiatrico Bambino Gesu Centro Fibrosi Cistica, Rome, Italy
| | - Emma Lovie
- NovaBiotics Ltd, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Aims: Cysteine persulfidation (also called sulfhydration or sulfuration) has emerged as a potential redox mechanism to regulate protein functions and diverse biological processes in hydrogen sulfide (H2S) signaling. Due to its intrinsically unstable nature, working with this modification has proven to be challenging. Although methodological progress has expanded the inventory of persulfidated proteins, there is a continued need to develop methods that can directly and unequivocally identify persulfidated cysteine residues in complex proteomes. Results: A quantitative chemoproteomic method termed as low-pH quantitative thiol reactivity profiling (QTRP) was developed to enable direct site-specific mapping and reactivity profiling of proteomic persulfides and thiols in parallel. The method was first applied to cell lysates treated with NaHS, resulting in the identification of overall 1547 persulfidated sites on 994 proteins. Structural analysis uncovered unique consensus motifs that might define this distinct type of modification. Moreover, the method was extended to profile endogenous protein persulfides in cells expressing H2S-generating enzyme, mouse tissues, and human serum, which led to additional insights into mechanistic, structural, and functional features of persulfidation events, particularly on human serum albumin. Innovation and Conclusion: Low-pH QTRP represents the first method that enables direct and unbiased proteomic mapping of cysteine persulfidation. Our method allows to generate the most comprehensive inventory of persulfidated targets of NaHS so far and to perform the first analysis of in vivo persulfidation events, providing a valuable tool to dissect the biological functions of this important modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Keke Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyang He
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Caiping Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobo Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences • Beijing, Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Jayasree EG, Sukumar C. A DFT study on the cleavage of dichalcogenide bridges in cystines and selenocystines: Effect of hydrogen bonding. Inorganica Chim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.119897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
35
|
Expression, purification and initial characterization of human serum albumin domain I and its cysteine 34. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240580. [PMID: 33045024 PMCID: PMC7549792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human serum albumin presents in its primary structure only one free cysteine (Cys34) which constitutes the most abundant thiol of plasma. An antioxidant role can be attributed to this thiol, which is located in domain I of the protein. Herein we expressed domain I as a secretion protein using the yeast Pichia pastoris. In the initial step of ammonium sulfate precipitation, a brown pigment co-precipitated with domain I. Three chromatographic methods were evaluated, aiming to purify domain I from the pigment and other contaminants. Purification was achieved by cation exchange chromatography. The protein behaved as a non-covalent dimer. The primary sequence of domain I and the possibility of reducing Cys34 to the thiol state while avoiding the reduction of internal disulfides were confirmed by mass spectrometry. The reactivity of the thiol towards the disulfide 5,5´-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoate) was studied and compared to that of full-length albumin. A ~24-fold increase in the rate constant was observed for domain I with respect to the entire protein. These results open the door to further characterization of the Cys34 thiol and its oxidized derivatives.
Collapse
|
36
|
The Universal Soldier: Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Functions of Serum Albumin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100966. [PMID: 33050223 PMCID: PMC7601824 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As a carrier of many biologically active compounds, blood is exposed to oxidants to a greater extent than the intracellular environment. Serum albumin plays a key role in antioxidant defence under both normal and oxidative stress conditions. This review evaluates data published in the literature and from our own research on the mechanisms of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities of albumin that determine its participation in redox modulation of plasma and intercellular fluid. For the first time, the results of numerous clinical, biochemical, spectroscopic and computational experiments devoted to the study of allosteric modulation of the functional properties of the protein associated with its participation in antioxidant defence are analysed. It has been concluded that it is fundamentally possible to regulate the antioxidant properties of albumin with various ligands, and the binding and/or enzymatic features of the protein by changing its redox status. The perspectives for using the antioxidant properties of albumin in practice are discussed.
Collapse
|
37
|
Krzystek-Korpacka M, Kempiński R, Bromke MA, Neubauer K. Oxidative Stress Markers in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E601. [PMID: 32824619 PMCID: PMC7459713 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10080601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise diagnostic biomarker in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is still missing. We conducted a comprehensive overview of oxidative stress markers (OSMs) as potential diagnostic, differential, progression, and prognostic markers in IBD. A Pubmed, Web of Knowledge, and Scopus search of original articles on OSMs in IBD, published between January 2000 and April 2020, was conducted. Out of 874 articles, 79 eligible studies were identified and used to prepare the interpretative synthesis. Antioxidants followed by lipid peroxidation markers were the most popular and markers of oxidative DNA damage the least popular. There was a disparity in the number of retrieved papers evaluating biomarkers in the adult and pediatric population (n = 6). Of the reviewed OSMs, a promising performance has been reported for serum total antioxidant status as a mucosal healing marker, mucosal 8-OHdG as a progression marker, and for multi-analyte panels of lipid peroxidation products assessed non-invasively in breath as diagnostic and differential markers in the pediatric population. Bilirubin, in turn, was the only validated marker. There is a desperate need for non-invasive biomarkers in IBD which, however, will not be met in the near future by oxidative stress markers as they are promising but mostly at the early research phase of discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Radosław Kempiński
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Mariusz A. Bromke
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Chałubińskiego 10, 50-368 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Neubauer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
N-Acetyl-Cysteine Regenerates Albumin Cys34 by a Thiol-Disulfide Breaking Mechanism: An Explanation of Its Extracellular Antioxidant Activity. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050367. [PMID: 32354002 PMCID: PMC7278672 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present paper, the extracellular antioxidant activity of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) is explained by considering its ability to regenerate the free form of albumin Cys34 by breaking the disulfide bond of the cysteinylated form (HSA-Cys). NAC’s capability to regenerate albumin Cys34 (HSA-SH) was studied by MS intact protein analysis in human plasma and in a concentration range of NAC easily achievable after oral and i.v. administration (5–50 µg/mL). NAC dose-dependently broke the HSA-Cys bond to form the dimer NAC-Cys thus regenerating Cys34, whose reduced state was maintained for at least 120 min. Cys was faster in restoring Cys34, according to the reaction constant determined with the glutathione disulfide (GSSG) reaction, but after 60 min the mixed disulfide HSA-Cys turned back due to the reaction of the dimer Cys-Cys with Cys34. The explanation for the different rate exchanges between Cys-Cys and Cys-NAC with Cys34 was given by molecular modeling studies. Finally, the Cys34 regenerating effect of NAC was related to its ability to improve the total antioxidant capacity of plasma (TRAP assay). The results well indicate that NAC greatly increases the plasma antioxidant activity and this effect is not reached by a direct effect but through the regenerating effect of Cys34.
Collapse
|
39
|
Tormyshev VM, Chubarov AS, Krumkacheva OA, Trukhin DV, Rogozhnikova OY, Spitsyna AS, Kuzhelev AA, Koval VV, Fedin MV, Godovikova TS, Bowman MK, Bagryanskaya EG. Methanethiosulfonate Derivative of OX063 Trityl: A Promising and Efficient Reagent for Side-Directed Spin Labeling of Proteins. Chemistry 2020; 26:2705-2712. [PMID: 31851392 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201904587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Trityl radicals (TAMs) have recently appeared as an alternative source of spin labels for measuring long distances in biological systems. Finland trityl radical (FTAM) served as the basis for this new generation of spin labels, but FTAM is rather lipophilic and susceptible to self-aggregation, noncovalent binding with lipophilic sites of proteins, and noncovalent docking at the termini of duplex DNA. In this paper the very hydrophilic OX063 TAM with very low toxicity and little tendency for aggregation is used as the basis for a spin label. Human serum albumin (HSA) labeled with OX063 has an intense narrow line typical of TAM radicals in solution, whereas HSA labeled with FTAM shows broad lines and extensive aggregation. In pulse EPR measurements, the measured phase memory time TM for HSA labeled with OX063 is 6.3 μs at 50 K, the longest yet obtained with a TAM-based spin label. The lowered lipophilicity also decreases side products in the labeling reaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Tormyshev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Alexey S Chubarov
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Olesya A Krumkacheva
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia.,International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Trukhin
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Olga Yu Rogozhnikova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Anna S Spitsyna
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Andrey A Kuzhelev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Koval
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Matvey V Fedin
- International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Tatyana S Godovikova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 8, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Michael K Bowman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, 35487-0336, USA
| | - Elena G Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, Pr. Lavrentjeva 9, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Noce A, Rovella V, Marrone G, Cattani G, Zingaretti V, Limongi D, D'Agostini C, Sorge R, Casasco M, Di Daniele N, Ricci G, Bocedi A. Hemodialysis biomarkers: total advanced glycation end products (AGEs) against oxidized human serum albumin (HSAox). Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:1323-1331. [PMID: 31494747 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01413-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Nephropathic patients show higher levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and oxidized human serum albumin (HSAox) compared to healthy subjects. These two classes of compounds are formed as the result of oxidative insults; for this reason, they can be useful oxidative stress biomarkers. The present study examines the variation of AGEs and HSAox in hemodialysis (HD) patients before and after dialysis session, evaluating the impact of different dialytic techniques and filters on their removal. METHODS A total of 50 healthy subjects (control group) and 130 HD patients were enrolled in the study. Hemodialysis patients were subdivided based on dialytic techniques: 109 in diffusive technique and 22 in convective technique. We monitored HSAox, AGEs and other laboratory parameters at early morning in healthy subjects and in HD patients before and after the dialysis procedures. RESULTS The level of HSAox decreases after a single dialytic session (from 58.5 ± 8.8% to 41.5 ± 11.1%), but the concentration of total AGEs increases regardless of adopted dialytic techniques (from 6.8 ± 5.2 µg/ml to 9.2 ± 4.4 µg/ml). In our study, levels of HSAox and total AGEs are similar in diabetic and non-diabetic HD patients. The increase in total AGEs after dialysis was only observed using polysulfone filters but was absent with polymethacrylate filters. CONCLUSIONS HSAox is a simple and immediate method to verify the beneficial effect of a single dialysis session on the redox imbalance, always present in HD patients. Total AGEs assayed by ELISA procedure seem to be a less reliable biomarker in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Noce
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Rovella
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giulia Marrone
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
- PhD School of Applied Medical-Surgical Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giada Cattani
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Viviana Zingaretti
- Department of Clinical Medicine-Nephrology Unit, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Dolores Limongi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, Open University San Raffaele Roma, 00163, Rome, Italy
| | - Cartesio D'Agostini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Policlinico Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Sorge
- Laboratory of Biometry, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Casasco
- Federazione Medico Sportiva Italiana, Palazzo delle Federazioni Sportive Nazionali, 00196, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Daniele
- UOC of Internal Medicine-Center of Hypertension and Nephrology Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Ricci
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Bocedi
- Department of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Jeffs JW, Jehanathan N, Thibert SMF, Ferdosi S, Pham L, Wilson ZT, Breburda C, Borges CR. Delta-S-Cys-Albumin: A Lab Test that Quantifies Cumulative Exposure of Archived Human Blood Plasma and Serum Samples to Thawed Conditions. Mol Cell Proteomics 2019; 18:2121-2137. [PMID: 31324658 PMCID: PMC6773563 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.tir119.001659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure of blood plasma/serum (P/S) to thawed conditions (> -30 °C) can produce biomolecular changes that skew measurements of biomarkers within archived patient samples, potentially rendering them unfit for molecular analysis. Because freeze-thaw histories are often poorly documented, objective methods for assessing molecular fitness before analysis are needed. We report a 10-μl, dilute-and-shoot, intact-protein mass spectrometric assay of albumin proteoforms called "ΔS-Cys-Albumin" that quantifies cumulative exposure of archived P/S samples to thawed conditions. The relative abundance of S-cysteinylated (oxidized) albumin in P/S increases inexorably but to a maximum value under 100% when samples are exposed to temperatures > -30 °C. The difference in the relative abundance of S-cysteinylated albumin (S-Cys-Alb) before and after an intentional incubation period that drives this proteoform to its maximum level is denoted as ΔS-Cys-Albumin. ΔS-Cys-Albumin in fully expired samples is zero. The range (mean ± 95% CI) observed for ΔS-Cys-Albumin in fresh cardiac patient P/S (n = 97) was, for plasma 12-29% (20.9 ± 0.75%) and for serum 10-24% (15.5 ± 0.64%). The multireaction rate law that governs S-Cys-Alb formation in P/S was determined and shown to predict the rate of formation of S-Cys-Alb in plasma and serum samples-a step that enables back-calculation of the time at which unknown P/S specimens have been exposed to room temperature. A blind challenge demonstrated that ΔS-Cys-Albumin can detect exposure of groups (n = 6 each) of P/S samples to 23 °C for 2 h, 4 °C for 16 h, or -20 °C for 24 h-and exposure of individual specimens for modestly increased times. An unplanned case study of nominally pristine serum samples collected under NIH-sponsorship demonstrated that empirical evidence is required to ensure accurate knowledge of archived P/S biospecimen storage history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua W Jeffs
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Nilojan Jehanathan
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Stephanie M F Thibert
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Shadi Ferdosi
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Linda Pham
- Maricopa Integrated Health System, Phoenix, AZ 85008
| | - Zachary T Wilson
- Maricopa Integrated Health System, Phoenix, AZ 85008; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85004
| | - Christian Breburda
- Maricopa Integrated Health System, Phoenix, AZ 85008; University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85004
| | - Chad R Borges
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Manta B, Möller MN, Bonilla M, Deambrosi M, Grunberg K, Bellanda M, Comini MA, Ferrer-Sueta G. Kinetic studies reveal a key role of a redox-active glutaredoxin in the evolution of the thiol-redox metabolism of trypanosomatid parasites. J Biol Chem 2018; 294:3235-3248. [PMID: 30593501 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosomes are flagellated protozoan parasites (kinetoplastids) that have a unique redox metabolism based on the small dithiol trypanothione (T(SH)2). Although GSH may still play a biological role in trypanosomatid parasites beyond being a building block of T(SH)2, most of its functions are replaced by T(SH)2 in these organisms. Consequently, trypanosomes have several enzymes adapted to using T(SH)2 instead of GSH, including the glutaredoxins (Grxs). However, the mechanistic basis of Grx specificity for T(SH)2 is unknown. Here, we combined fast-kinetic and biophysical approaches, including NMR, MS, and fluorescent tagging, to study the redox function of Grx1, the only cytosolic redox-active Grx in trypanosomes. We observed that Grx1 reduces GSH-containing disulfides (including oxidized trypanothione) in very fast reactions (k > 5 × 105 m-1 s-1). We also noted that disulfides without a GSH are much slower oxidants, suggesting a strongly selective binding of the GSH molecule. Not surprisingly, oxidized Grx1 was also reduced very fast by T(SH)2 (4.8 × 106 m-1 s-1); however, GSH-mediated reduction was extremely slow (39 m-1 s-1). This kinetic selectivity in the reduction step of the catalytic cycle suggests that Grx1 uses preferentially a dithiol mechanism, forming a disulfide on the active site during the oxidative half of the catalytic cycle and then being rapidly reduced by T(SH)2 in the reductive half. Thus, the reduction of glutathionylated substrates avoids GSSG accumulation in an organism lacking GSH reductase. These findings suggest that Grx1 has played an important adaptive role during the rewiring of the thiol-redox metabolism of kinetoplastids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Manta
- From the Grupo Biología Redox de Tripanosomas, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.,the Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica and
| | - Matías N Möller
- the Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica and.,the Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay, and
| | - Mariana Bonilla
- From the Grupo Biología Redox de Tripanosomas, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.,the Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica and.,Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Matías Deambrosi
- From the Grupo Biología Redox de Tripanosomas, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.,Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Karin Grunberg
- From the Grupo Biología Redox de Tripanosomas, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay.,the Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica and
| | - Massimo Bellanda
- the Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova 35131, Italy
| | - Marcelo A Comini
- From the Grupo Biología Redox de Tripanosomas, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- the Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica and .,the Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay, and
| |
Collapse
|