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Jiang Y, Shao Y, Huang J, Du Y, Wen Y, Tang H, Xu J, Gao D, Lin X, Sun D. Changes in sediment greenhouse gases production dynamics in an estuarine wetland following invasion by Spartina alterniflora. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1420924. [PMID: 39070262 PMCID: PMC11275515 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1420924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Invasive Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora) has significant impacts on sediment biogeochemical cycling in the tidal wetlands of estuaries and coasts. However, the impact of exotic Spartina alterniflora invasion on greenhouse gases (GHGs) production dynamics in sediments remain limited. Here, we investigated the dynamics of sediment physicochemical properties, GHGs production rates, and microbial gene abundances in a native Cyperus malacensis habitat and three invasive S. alterniflora habitats (6-, 10-, and 14-year) in the Minjiang River Estuary, China. The methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O) production rates varied both spatially and seasonally, while microbial gene abundances (bacterial and fungal gene abundances) and organic matter (TOC and TN) only varied spatially. GHGs production rates were also characterized by higher values in surface sediment (0-10 cm) compared to subsurface sediment (10-20 cm) and by seasonal variations with higher values in summer than in winter. S. alterniflora invasion can significantly increase CH4 and CO2 production rates, organic matter, and microbial gene abundances (p < 0.05). Temperature, organic matter and microbial gene abundances were the most dominating factor controlling the spatio-temporal variations of CH4 and CO2 production rates. Overall, our findings highlighted the significant role of S. alterniflora invasion in regulating GHGs production rates in coastal wetland sediments and provided fundamental data for estimating GHGs emissions and carbon sequestration in the complex tidal wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongcan Jiang
- Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yinlong Shao
- Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiafang Huang
- Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunling Du
- Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yu Wen
- Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hong Tang
- Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Ltd., Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianming Xu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Dengzhou Gao
- Institute of Geography, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xianbiao Lin
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongyao Sun
- School of Geography Science and Geomatics Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, China
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Gervasio MP, Soana E, Gavioli A, Vincenzi F, Castaldelli G. Contrasting effects of climate change on denitrification and nitrogen load reduction in the Po River (Northern Italy). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:48189-48204. [PMID: 39023725 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34171-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
An increase in water temperature is one of the main factors that can potentially modify biogeochemical dynamics in lowland rivers, such as the removal and recycling of nitrogen (N). This effect of climate change on N processing deserves attention, as it may have unexpected impacts on eutrophication in the coastal zones. Intact sediment cores were collected seasonally at the closing section of the Po River, the largest Italian river and one of the main N inputs to the Mediterranean Sea. Benthic oxygen fluxes, denitrification, and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) rates were measured using laboratory dark incubations. Different temperature treatments were set up for each season based on historical data and future predictions. Higher water temperatures enhanced sediment oxygen demand and the extent of hypoxic conditions in the benthic compartment, favoring anaerobic metabolism. Indeed, warming water temperature stimulated nitrate (NO3-) reduction processes, although NO3- and organic matter availability were found to be the main controlling factors shaping the rates between seasons. Denitrification was the main process responsible for NO3- removal, mainly supported by NO3- diffusion from the water column into the sediments, and much more important than N recycling via DNRA. The predicted increase in the water temperature of the Po River due to climate change may exert an unexpected negative feedback on eutrophication by strongly controlling denitrification and contributing to partial buffering of N export in the lagoons and coastal areas, especially in spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Gervasio
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
| | - Elisa Soana
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Gavioli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fabio Vincenzi
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Castaldelli
- Department of Environmental and Prevention Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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Teng Z, Lin X. Sediment nitrates reduction processes affected by non-native Sonneratia apetala plantation in South China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167523. [PMID: 37788768 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have highlighted the importance of nitrates (NOx-) reduction processes in estuarine and coastal ecosystems over the past decades. However, the biotic and abiotic factors sediment NOx- reduction processes in mangrove of varying ages are still not fully understood. Here, we investigated the dynamics of sediment NOx- reduction processes and associated gene abundances in mangroves of different ages (including 0-year unvegetated mudflats, 10 and 20-years Sonneratia apetala, as well as >40 years of mature native Kandelia obovate) on the Qi'ao Island using 15N stable-isotope pairing techniques and quantitative PCR. The denitrification (2.64-11.30 nmol g-1 h-1), anammox (0.06-0.83 nmol g-1 h-1), and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA, 0.58-16.34 nmol g-1 h-1) rates varied spatially and seasonally, but their contributions to the total NOx- reduction (DEN%, ANA%, and DNRA%), associated gene abundance (nirS, anammox 16S rRNA, and nrfA), and organic matter only varied spatially. Organic matter and microbial abundances are the dominating factors controlling N loss and retention. Without considering confounding factors, mangroves conservation and restoration significantly increased DNRA rates, NIRI (DNRA/(denitrification + anammox)), organic matter content, and microbial abundances (p < 0.05 for all), but reduced N loss rates. Mangroves conservation and restoration are estimated to have increased sediment N retention (~931.81 t N yr-1) and reduced N loss (~481.32 t N yr-1) in coastal wetlands of China over the past 40 years (1980-2020). Overall, our results indicate that mangrove restoration and conservation can significantly increase sediment N retention due to the rapid biomass accumulation, and it can provide more nutrients for mangrove and microorganism growth, thus creating a virtuous cycle in these N-limited ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Teng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Xianbiao Lin
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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Siemering GS, Vanderleest CP, Arriaga FJ. Autonomous high-throughput in situ soil nitrogen flux measurement system. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:680. [PMID: 35974287 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10351-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) behavior in soil is a major component of the global N cycle. Climate scientists seek to accurately measure N flux to the atmosphere, farmers want to maximize plant N uptake and reduce input costs, and industries land-applying wastewater must mitigate potential N leaching to drinking water supplies. The need to quantify denitrification rates of wastewater disposed of by vegetable processing and cheese making industries in Wisconsin drove the development of an autonomous high-throughput in situ sampling and analysis system for soil N flux. The system was deployed to six unique industry sites with different soil types for 7 days once per quarter and data collected continuously. Additional seasonal data collection allowed for the determination of system N mass balances. The system can deliver quality data under challenging conditions where staffing would be impractical and provide detailed information about soil gas emissions under a range of environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clay P Vanderleest
- Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Francisco J Arriaga
- Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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Taylor AE, Mellbye BL. Differential Responses of the Catalytic Efficiency of Ammonia and Nitrite Oxidation to Changes in Temperature. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:817986. [PMID: 35620102 PMCID: PMC9127996 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.817986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbially mediated nitrification plays an important role in the nitrogen (N) cycle, and rates of activity have been shown to change significantly with temperature. Despite this, the substrate affinities of nitrifying bacteria and archaea have not been comprehensively measured and are often assumed to be static in mathematical models of environmental systems. In this study, we measured the oxidation kinetics of ammonia- (NH3) oxidizing archaea (AOA), NH3-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), and two distinct groups of nitrite (NO2 -)-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), of the genera Nitrobacter and Nitrospira, by measuring the maximum rates of apparent activity (V max(app)), the apparent half-saturation constant (K m(app)), and the overall catalytic efficiency (V max(app) /K m(app)) over a range of temperatures. Changes in V max(app) and K m(app) with temperature were different between groups, with V max(app) and catalytic efficiency increasing with temperature in AOA, while V max(app) , K m(app), and catalytic efficiency increased in AOB. In Nitrobacter NOB, V max(app) and K m(app) increased, but catalytic efficiency decreased significantly with temperature. Nitrospira NOB were variable, but V max(app) increased while catalytic efficiency and K m(app) remained relatively unchanged. Michaelis-Menten (MM) and Haldane (H) kinetic models of NH3 oxidation and NO2 - oxidation based on the collected data correctly predict nitrification potential in some soil incubation experiments, but not others. Despite previous observations of coupled nitrification in many natural systems, our results demonstrate significant differences in response to temperature strategies between the different groups of nitrifiers; and indicate the need to further investigate the response of nitrifiers to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E. Taylor
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
| | - Brett L. Mellbye
- Department of Microbiology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
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Li Z, Tang Z, Song Z, Chen W, Tian D, Tang S, Wang X, Wang J, Liu W, Wang Y, Li J, Jiang L, Luo Y, Niu S. Variations and controlling factors of soil denitrification rate. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2133-2145. [PMID: 34964218 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The denitrification process profoundly affects soil nitrogen (N) availability and generates its byproduct, nitrous oxide, as a potent greenhouse gas. There are large uncertainties in predicting global denitrification because its controlling factors remain elusive. In this study, we compiled 4301 observations of denitrification rates across a variety of terrestrial ecosystems from 214 papers published in the literature. The averaged denitrification rate was 3516.3 ± 91.1 µg N kg-1 soil day-1 . The highest denitrification rate was 4242.3 ± 152.3 µg N kg-1 soil day-1 under humid subtropical climates, and the lowest was 965.8 ± 150.4 µg N kg-1 under dry climates. The denitrification rate increased with temperature, precipitation, soil carbon and N contents, as well as microbial biomass carbon and N, but decreased with soil clay contents. The variables related to soil N contents (e.g., nitrate, ammonium, and total N) explained the variation of denitrification more than climatic and edaphic variables (e.g., mean annual temperature (MAT), soil moisture, soil pH, and clay content) according to structural equation models. Soil microbial biomass carbon, which was influenced by soil nitrate, ammonium, and total N, also strongly influenced denitrification at a global scale. Collectively, soil N contents, microbial biomass, pH, texture, moisture, and MAT accounted for 60% of the variation in global denitrification rates. The findings suggest that soil N contents and microbial biomass are strong predictors of denitrification at the global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolei Li
- College of Resources and Environment, and Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Ze Tang
- Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaopeng Song
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, and Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Weinan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dashuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiming Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinsong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
- College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Life Sciences and School of Ecology, State Key Lab of Biological Control, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Li
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Lifen Jiang
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Yiqi Luo
- Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
| | - Shuli Niu
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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7
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Bonetti G, Limpert KE, Brodersen KE, Trevathan-Tackett SM, Carnell PE, Macreadie PI. The combined effect of short-term hydrological and N-fertilization manipulation of wetlands on CO 2, CH 4, and N 2O emissions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 294:118637. [PMID: 34875268 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater wetlands are natural sinks of carbon; yet, wetland conversion for agricultural uses can shift these carbon sinks into large sources of greenhouse gases. We know that the anthropogenic alteration of wetland hydrology and the broad use of N-fertilizers can modify biogeochemical cycling, however, the extent of their combined effect on greenhouse gases exchange still needs further research. Moreover, there has been recent interest in wetlands rehabilitation and preservation by improving natural water flow and by seeking alternative solutions to nutrient inputs. In a microcosm setting, we experimentally exposed soils to three inundation treatments (Inundated, Moist, Drained) and a nutrient treatment by adding high nitrogen load (300 kg ha-1) to simulate physical and chemical disturbances. After, we measured the depth microprofiles of N2O and O2 concentration and CO2 and CH4 emission rates to determine how hydrological alteration and nitrogen input affect carbon and nitrogen cycling processes in inland wetland soils. Compared to the Control soils, N-fertilizer increased CO2 emissions by 40% in Drained conditions and increased CH4 emissions in Inundated soils over 90%. N2O emissions from Moist and Inundated soils enriched with nitrogen increased by 17.4 and 18-fold, respectively. Overall, the combination of physical and chemical disturbances increased the Global Warming Potential (GWP) by 7.5-fold. The first response of hydrological rehabilitation, while typically valuable for CO2 emission reduction, amplified CH4 and N2O emissions when combined with high nitrogen inputs. Therefore, this research highlights the importance of evaluating the potential interactive effects of various disturbances on biogeochemical processes when devising rehabilitation plans to rehabilitate degraded wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Bonetti
- Deakin University, Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Burwood Campus, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
| | - Katy E Limpert
- Deakin University, Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Burwood Campus, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
| | - Kasper Elgetti Brodersen
- Marine Biological Section, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 3000, Helsingør, Denmark.
| | - Stacey M Trevathan-Tackett
- Deakin University, Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Burwood Campus, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
| | - Paul E Carnell
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Queenscliff Campus, Queenscliff, Victoria, 3225, Australia.
| | - Peter I Macreadie
- Deakin University, Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Burwood Campus, Victoria, 3125, Australia.
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Sarkar UK, Paul TT, Puthiyottil M, Karnatak G, Das VG, Bandyopadhyay A, Bakshi S, Das BK. Inland heat waves (IHWs) and associated impacts on hydro-biology of aquatic ecosystems in lower Ganga basin, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY 2022; 66:235-245. [PMID: 34787683 DOI: 10.1007/s00484-021-02210-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study assessed the occurrence and impact of heat waves on the ecology of two ecosystems namely Bhomra wetland and Ganga River stretch, India. The water samples collected from these ecosystems were analyzed for estimating the hydrological and biological variables during heat wave. The inland heat index (IHI) was derived from the climatic variables, relative humidity and temperature. The study indicated the predominant and periodic occurrence of inland heat waves (IHW) with indices ranging from 34.8 to 42.8 °C and 35.9 to 43.5 °C at the Bhomra and Ganga River stretch respectively during the summer months (March-June). The first two components of the principal component analysis of physico-chemical parameters and heat index explained 45.6% and 59% of the variation in the Bhomra and Ganga River stretch respectively. PCA showed a similar pattern in variation of IHWs and dissolved oxygen, nutrients, hardness and alkalinity, but a distinct pattern with conductivity and TDS in the wetland. IHW exhibited a similar pattern of variation with TDS, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, pH and hardness and distinct pattern with alkalinity, phosphate and nitrate in the river stretch. The first two components of PCA of IHI and plankton abundance explained 89% of the variation and IHI had a similar pattern of variation with the abundance of diatoms and a diverse pattern of variation with blue-green and green algae in the studied ecosystems which might affect the food availability of the associated fishes. The study suggests that IHW influences the water quality and primary producers and also summarizes the impact of IHW on ecosystem services and necessitates mitigation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam Kumar Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India.
| | | | - Mishal Puthiyottil
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India
| | - Gunjan Karnatak
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India
| | | | - Arnab Bandyopadhyay
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India
| | - Snigdha Bakshi
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India
| | - Basanta Kumar Das
- ICAR-Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata, India
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Welsh MK, Vidon PG, McMillan SK. Changes in riparian hydrology and biogeochemistry following storm events at a restored agricultural stream. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2019; 21:677-691. [PMID: 30801082 DOI: 10.1039/c8em00546j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying changes in riparian biogeochemistry following rainfall events is critical for watershed management. Following storms, changes in riparian hydrology can lead to high rates of nutrient processing and export and greenhouse gas (GHG) release. We assessed shifts in hydrology and biogeochemistry 24 and 72 hours post-rainfall following storms of three different magnitudes in an agricultural riparian zone influenced by stream restoration in the Piedmont region of North Carolina, USA. Post-storm changes in water table height, soil moisture, groundwater flow, and lateral hydraulic gradient were related to biogeochemical processing. Though near-field nitrate (NO3-) concentrations were elevated (median: 13 mg nitrogen (N) L-1 across storms), substantial riparian NO3- removal occurred (89-96%). High N removal throughout the study occurred concurrently with release of dissolved solutes (e.g., soluble reactive phosphorus [SRP]) and fluxes of gases (carbon dioxide [CO2], nitrous oxide [N2O], and methane [CH4]), based on storm timing, magnitude, and intensity. A high intensity, short duration storm of low magnitude lead to release of CO2 across the riparian zone and low SRP removal. A storm of intermediate duration/magnitude towards the beginning of the summer lead to mobilization of near-field NO3- and release of N2O in the upper riparian zone and SRP in the lower riparian zone. Finally, a larger storm of longer duration lead to pronounced near-stream release of CH4. Therefore, it is important to expand research of biogeochemical response to different types of storm events in restored riparian zones to better balance water quality goals with potential greenhouse gas emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly K Welsh
- Division of Environmental Science, The State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, USA.
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10
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Mas-Pla J, Menció A. Groundwater nitrate pollution and climate change: learnings from a water balance-based analysis of several aquifers in a western Mediterranean region (Catalonia). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:2184-2202. [PMID: 29644604 PMCID: PMC6338701 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1859-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Climate change will affect the dynamics of the hydrogeological systems and their water resources quality; in particular nitrate, which is herein taken as a paradigmatic pollutant to illustrate the effects of climate change on groundwater quality. Based on climatic predictions of temperature and precipitation for the horizon of 2021 and 2050, as well as on land use distribution, water balances are recalculated for the hydrological basins of distinct aquifer systems in a western Mediterranean region as Catalonia (NE Spain) in order to determine the reduction of available water resources. Besides the fact that climate change will represent a decrease of water availability, we qualitatively discuss the modifications that will result from the future climatic scenarios and their impact on nitrate pollution according to the geological setting of the selected aquifers. Climate effects in groundwater quality are described according to hydrological, environmental, socio-economic, and political concerns. Water reduction stands as a major issue that will control stream-aquifer interactions and subsurface recharge, leading to a general modification of nitrate in groundwater as dilution varies. A nitrate mass balance model provides a gross estimation of potential nitrate evolution in these aquifers, and it points out that the control of the fertilizer load will be crucial to achieve adequate nitrate content in groundwater. Reclaimed wastewater stands as local reliable resource, yet its amount will only satisfy a fraction of the loss of available resources due to climate change. Finally, an integrated management perspective is necessary to avoid unplanned actions from private initiatives that will jeopardize the achievement of sustainable water resources exploitation under distinct hydrological scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep Mas-Pla
- Institut Català de Recerca de l'Aigua (ICRA), Girona, Spain.
- Grup de Geologia Aplicada i Ambiental (GAiA), Centre de Recerca en Geologia i Cartografia Ambiental (Geocamb), Dept. de Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain.
| | - Anna Menció
- Grup de Geologia Aplicada i Ambiental (GAiA), Centre de Recerca en Geologia i Cartografia Ambiental (Geocamb), Dept. de Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
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de Sosa LL, Glanville HC, Marshall MR, Prysor Williams A, Jones DL. Quantifying the contribution of riparian soils to the provision of ecosystem services. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 624:807-819. [PMID: 29272849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Riparian areas, the interface between land and freshwater ecosystems, are considered to play a pivotal role in the supply of regulating, provisioning, cultural and supporting services. Most previous studies, however, have tended to focus on intensive agricultural systems and only on a single ecosystem function. Here, we present the first study which attempts to assess a wide range of ecological processes involved in the provision of the ecosystem service of water quality regulation across a diverse range of riparian typologies. Specifically, we focus on 1) evaluating the spatial variation in riparian soils properties with respect to distance with the river and soil depth in contrasting habitat types; 2) gaining further insights into the underlying mechanisms of pollutant removal (i.e. pesticide sorption/degradation, denitrification, etc.) by riparian soils; and 3) quantify and evaluate how riparian vegetation across different habitat types contribute to the provision of watercourse shading. All the habitats were present within a single large catchment and included: (i) improved grassland, (ii) unimproved (semi-natural) grassland, (iii) broadleaf woodland, (iv) coniferous woodland, and (iv) mountain, heath and bog. Taking all the data together, the riparian soils could be statistically separated by habitat type, providing evidence that they deliver ecosystem services to differing extents. Overall, however, our findings seem to contradict the general assumption that soils in riparian area are different from neighbouring (non-riparian) areas and that they possess extra functionality in terms of ecosystem service provision. Watercourse shading was highly habitat specific and was maximal in forests (ca. 52% shade cover) in comparison to the other habitat types (7-17%). Our data suggest that the functioning of riparian areas in less intensive agricultural areas, such as those studied here, may be broadly predicted from the surrounding land use, however, further research is required to critically test this across a wider range of ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L de Sosa
- School of Environment, Natural Resources & Geography, Bangor University, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK.
| | - Helen C Glanville
- School of Environment, Natural Resources & Geography, Bangor University, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK; School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Miles R Marshall
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - A Prysor Williams
- School of Environment, Natural Resources & Geography, Bangor University, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Davey L Jones
- School of Environment, Natural Resources & Geography, Bangor University, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
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Wang H, Jiao R, Wang F, Zhang L, Yan W. Dissolved organic carbon content and characteristics in relation to carbon dioxide partial pressure across Poyang Lake wetlands and adjacent aquatic systems in the Changjiang basin. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 219:714-723. [PMID: 27431697 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays diverse roles in carbon biogeochemical cycles. Here, we explored the link between DOC and pCO2 using high-performance size-exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) with UV254 detection and excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy to determine the molecular weight distribution (MW) and the spectral characteristics of DOC, respectively. The relationship between DOC and pCO2 was investigated in the Poyang Lake wetlands and their adjacent aquatic systems. The results indicated significant spatial variation in the DOC concentrations, MW distributions, and pCO2. The DOC concentration was higher in the wetlands than in the rivers and lakes. pCO2 was high in wetlands in which the dominant vegetation was Phragmites australis, whereas it was low in wetlands in which Carex tristachya was the dominant species. DOC was divided into five fractions according to MW, as follows: super-low MW (SLMW, <1 kDa); low MW (LMW, 1-2.5 kDa); intermediate MW (IMW, 2.5-3.5 kDa); high MW (HMW, 3.5-6 kDa); and super-high MW (SMW, > 40 kDa). Rivers contained high proportions of HMW and extremely low amounts of SLMW, whereas wetlands had relatively high proportions of SLMW. The proportion of SMW (SMWp) was particularly high in wetlands. We found that pCO2 significantly positively correlated with the proportion of IMW, and significantly negatively correlated with SMWp. These data improve our understanding of the MW of bioavailable DOC and its conversion to CO2. The present results demonstrate that both the content and characteristics of DOC significantly affect pCO2. pCO2 and DOC must be studied further to help understanding the role of the wetland on the regional CO2 budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxin Wang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruyuan Jiao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100087, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Lake and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Weijin Yan
- Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
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Stanley EH, Casson NJ, Christel ST, Crawford JT, Loken LC, Oliver SK. The ecology of methane in streams and rivers: patterns, controls, and global significance. ECOL MONOGR 2016. [DOI: 10.1890/15-1027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emily H. Stanley
- Center for Limnology University of Wisconsin 680 North Park Street Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - Nora J. Casson
- Center for Limnology University of Wisconsin 680 North Park Street Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - Samuel T. Christel
- Center for Limnology University of Wisconsin 680 North Park Street Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - John T. Crawford
- U.S. Geological Survey 3215 Marine Street Suite E127 Boulder Colorado 80303 USA
| | - Luke C. Loken
- Center for Limnology University of Wisconsin 680 North Park Street Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - Samantha K. Oliver
- Center for Limnology University of Wisconsin 680 North Park Street Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
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Lazar JG, Addy K, Gold AJ, Groffman PM, McKinney RA, Kellogg DQ. Beaver Ponds: Resurgent Nitrogen Sinks for Rural Watersheds in the Northeastern United States. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2015; 44:1684-1693. [PMID: 26436285 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2014.12.0540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Beaver-created ponds and dams, on the rise in the northeastern United States, reshape headwater stream networks from extensive, free-flowing reaches to complexes of ponds, wetlands, and connecting streams. We examined seasonal and annual rates of nitrate transformations in three beaver ponds in Rhode Island under enriched nitrate-nitrogen (N) conditions through the use of N mass balance techniques on soil core mesocosm incubations. We recovered approximately 93% of the nitrate N from our mesocosm incubations. Of the added nitrate N, 22 to 39% was transformed during the course of the incubation. Denitrification had the highest rates of transformation (97-236 mg N m d), followed by assimilation into the organic soil N pool (41-93 mg N m d) and ammonium generation (11-14 mg N m d). Our denitrification rates exceeded those in several studies of freshwater ponds and wetlands; however, rates in those ecosystems may have been limited by low concentrations of nitrate. Assuming a density of 0.7 beaver ponds km of catchment area, we estimated that in nitrate-enriched watersheds, beaver pond denitrification can remove approximately 50 to 450 kg nitrate N km catchment area. In rural watersheds of southern New England with high N loading (i.e., 1000 kg km), denitrification from beaver ponds may remove 5 to 45% of watershed nitrate N loading. Beaver ponds represent a relatively new and substantial sink for watershed N if current beaver populations persist.
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Li Y, Chen Z, Lou H, Wang D, Deng H, Wang C. Denitrification controls in urban riparian soils: implications for reducing urban nonpoint source nitrogen pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:10174-10185. [PMID: 24788934 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-2944-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to thoroughly analyze the influences of environmental factors on denitrification processes in urban riparian soils. Besides, the study was also carried out to identify whether the denitrification processes in urban riparian soils could control nonpoint source nitrogen pollution in urban areas. The denitrification rates (DR) over 1 year were measured using an acetylene inhibition technique during the incubation of intact soil cores from six urban riparian sites, which could be divided into three types according to their vegetation. The soil samples were analyzed to determine the soil organic carbon (SOC), soil total nitrogen (STN), C/N ratio, extractable NO3 (-)-N and NH4 (+)-N, pH value, soil water content (SWC), and the soil nitrification potential to evaluate which of these factors determined the final outcome of denitrification. A nitrate amendment experiment further indicated that the riparian DR was responsive to added nitrate. Although the DRs were very low (0.099 ~ 33.23 ng N2O-N g(-1) h(-1)) due to the small amount of nitrogen moving into the urban riparian zone, the spatial and temporal patterns of denitrification differed significantly. The extractable NO3 (-)-N proved to be the dominant factor influencing the spatial distribution of denitrification, whereas the soil temperature was a determinant of the seasonal DR variation. The six riparian sites could also be divided into two types (a nitrate-abundant and a nitrate-stressed riparian system) according to the soil NO3 (-)-N concentration. The DR in nitrate-abundant riparian systems was significantly higher than that in the nitrate-stressed riparian systems. The DR in riparian zones that were covered with bushes and had adjacent cropland was higher than in grass-covered riparian sites. Furthermore, the riparian DR decreased with soil depth, which was mainly attributed to the concentrated nitrate in surface soils. The DR was not associated with the SOC, STN, C/N ratio, and pH. Nitrate supply and temperature finally decided the spatiotemporal distribution patterns of urban riparian denitrification. Considering both the low DR of existing riparian soils and the significance of nonpoint source nitrogen pollution, the substantial denitrification potential of urban riparian soils should be utilized to reduce nitrogen pollution using proper engineering measures that would collect the polluted urban rainfall runoff and make it flow through the riparian zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjie Li
- School of Resources and Environment Science, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
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