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Huang TT, Liu YN, Huang JX, Yan PP, Wang JJ, Cao YX, Cao L. Sodium sulfite-driven Helicobacter pylori eradication: Unraveling oxygen dynamics through multi-omics investigation. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 222:116055. [PMID: 38354959 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Due to the emergence and spread of multidrug resistance in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), its eradication has become difficult. Sodium sulfite (SS), a widely used food additive for ensuring food safety and storage, has been recognized as an effective nonbactericidal agent for H. pylori eradication. However, the mechanism by which H. pylori adapts and eventually succumbs under low- or no-oxygen conditions remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-H. pylori effect of SS and investigated the multiomics mechanism by which SS kills H. pylori. The results demonstrated that SS effectively eradicated H. pylori both in vitro and in vivo. H. pylori responds to the oxygen changes regulated by SS, downregulates the HcpE gene, which is responsible for redox homeostasis in bacteria, decreases the activities of enzymes related to oxidative stress, and disrupts the outer membrane structure, increasing susceptibility to oxidative stress. Furthermore, SS downregulates the content of cytochrome C in the microaerobic respiratory chain, leading to a sharp decrease in ATP synthesis. Consequently, the accumulation of triglycerides (TGs) in bacteria due to oxidative stress supports anaerobic respiration, meeting their energy requirements. The multifaceted death of H. pylori caused by SS does not result in drug resistance. Thus, screening of the redox homeostasis of HcpE as a new target for H. pylori infection treatment could lead to the development of a novel approach for H. pylori eradication therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan-Ni Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jin-Xian Huang
- Software Department, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330032, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ping-Ping Yan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ji-Jing Wang
- Department of Medical Biophysics and Biochemistry, Karolinska Institutet, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yong-Xiao Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Lei Cao
- Precision Medical Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi, China.
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2
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Săsăran MO, Mărginean CO, Lupu A, Koller AM. Vitamin D and Its Association with H. pylori Prevalence and Eradication: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:3549. [PMID: 37630738 PMCID: PMC10459106 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Taking into account previous data that sustain a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and higher H. pylori infection positivity rates, this review aims to assess the influence of vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency upon the prevalence of H. pylori infection and its eradication success. Three major databases were searched for articles that analyzed a relationship between vitamin D status and H. pylori infection. The literature search retrieved a total of 37 reports, after the article selection process. Hypovitaminosis D emerged as a potential risk factor for H. pylori infection, given the higher prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and/or insufficiency among H. pylori-positive subjects. Furthermore, the same type of micronutrient deficiency has been directly linked to H. pylori eradication failure. An inverse linear relationship between vitamin D status and gastric cancer risk exists, but the additional involvement of H. pylori in this correlation is still in question. The potential benefit of oral supplements in enhancing the success of classical therapeutic regimens of H. pylori still requires future research. Future population-based studies from larger geographical areas are warranted to address this subject in more depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Oana Săsăran
- Department of Pediatrics 3, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology George Emil Palade from Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
| | - Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics 1, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology George Emil Palade from Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Ancuta Lupu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Gr. T. Popa Iași, Universității Street No. 16, 700115 Iași, Romania;
| | - Ana Maria Koller
- Clinics of Pediatrics, Emergency County Clinical Hospital, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No. 50, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania;
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3
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Abo-Amer YEE, Mohamed AA, Elhoseeny MM, Rezk SM, Abdel-Salam S, Alrohaimi AH, Abdelgeliel AS, Alzahrani SS, Jafri I, Alqahtani LS, Fayad E, Fakhry M, Soliman MY. Association Between Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphism and the Response to Helicobacter Pylori Treatment. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4463-4469. [PMID: 37449247 PMCID: PMC10337687 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s414186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims This research aimed to determine how variations in the vitamin D receptor gene affected the response of H. pylori infections to eradication therapy. Patients and Methods On 105 adult H. Pylori-positive patients, a prospective cohort study was carried out. PCR was used to genotype all patients' VDR gene polymorphisms. The patients in the study received standard triple eradication medication (clarithromycin 500 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, and omeprazole 20 mg) twice daily for 14 days. A stool test for H. pylori Ag was conducted 4 weeks following the end of treatment. Results In our study, the usual triple therapy's H. pylori eradication rate was 75.2%. The successful eradication of H. pylori and VDR rs 2228570 gene polymorphisms was more prevalent in CT gene polymorphism (64.6%) compared to non-responders (19.2%), while treatment failure was more prevalent in CC gene polymorphism (73.1% in non-responders compared to responders 24.1%), which is statistically significant. In regards to the eradication of H. pylori and VDR rs7975232 gene polymorphisms, the success of eradication was more prevalent in AC gene polymorphism (54.4%) vs non-responders (30.4%), while all patients (14) with gene AA (17.7%) are responders to standard treatment, while the failure of treatment was more prevalent in CC gene polymorphism (69.2% in non-responder vs 27.8% in responders) which is statistically significant. Our findings demonstrated a strong correlation between patients' responses to H. pylori treatment and polymorphisms in the VDR gene (ApaI and TaqI) (P 0.05). Conclusion As far as we are aware, this is the first study to identify a potential link between the FokI and Apal VDR polymorphism and treatment response in H pylori-positive patients. To evaluate the findings, more research with larger number of patients and different population is required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amal Ahmed Mohamed
- National Hepatology & Tropical Medicine Research Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Samar M Rezk
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Mahalla Hepatology Teaching Hospital, El-Mahalla El-Kubra, Elgharbia, Egypt
| | - Sherief Abdel-Salam
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Hepatology & Gastroenterology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Abdulmohsen H Alrohaimi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Shaqra, 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Sayed Abdelgeliel
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
| | - Seham Saeed Alzahrani
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Jafri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena S Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, 23445, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Fakhry
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Moataz Yousry Soliman
- Department of Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Xu Y, Walduck AK, Pan H. Editorial: The pathogenesis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori-induced diseases. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1219503. [PMID: 37469603 PMCID: PMC10352097 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1219503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Anna K. Walduck
- Rural Health Research Institute, Charles Sturt University, Orange, NSW, Australia
| | - Huafeng Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Dwivedi V, Gautam S, Beamer G, Stromberg PC, Headley CA, Turner J. IL-10 Modulation Increases Pyrazinamide's Antimycobacterial Efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in Mice. Immunohorizons 2023; 7:412-420. [PMID: 37279084 PMCID: PMC10580111 DOI: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2200077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms to shorten the duration of tuberculosis (TB) treatment include new drug formulations or schedules and the development of host-directed therapies (HDTs) that better enable the host immune system to eliminate Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Previous studies have shown that pyrazinamide, a first-line antibiotic, can also modulate immune function, making it an attractive target for combinatorial HDT/antibiotic therapy, with the goal to accelerate clearance of M. tuberculosis. In this study, we assessed the value of anti-IL-10R1 as an HDT along with pyrazinamide and show that short-term anti-IL-10R1 blockade during pyrazinamide treatment enhanced the antimycobacterial efficacy of pyrazinamide, resulting in faster clearance of M. tuberculosis in mice. Furthermore, 45 d of pyrazinamide treatment in a functionally IL-10-deficient environment resulted in sterilizing clearance of M. tuberculosis. Our data suggest that short-term IL-10 blockade with standard TB drugs has the potential to improve clinical outcome by reducing the treatment duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Dwivedi
- Disease Intervention & Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Host Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Gillian Beamer
- Host Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Paul C. Stromberg
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State Institute, Columbus, OH
| | - Colwyn A. Headley
- Host Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
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6
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Zhang Y, Wang C, Zhang L, Yu J, Yuan W, Li L. Vitamin D 3 eradicates Helicobacter pylori by inducing VDR-CAMP signaling. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1033201. [PMID: 36569092 PMCID: PMC9772467 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1033201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vitamin D3 [VitD3, 1,25 (OH)2D3] is known to have immunomodulatory and anti-microbial properties; however, its activity against Helicobacter pylori is unclear. In this study, we established H. pylori infection models in wild-type and VitD3 receptor (VDR) knockdown mice and analyzed the effects of VitD3 and their underlying mechanisms. Methods VDR+/+ and VDR+/- mice were intragastrically infected with the H. pylori SS1 strain. After confirmation of H. pylori infection, mice were treated with different doses of VitD3. The infection levels in stomach tissues were quantified using the colony-forming assay, and the expression levels of the VDR and cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) in the gastric mucosa were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Results The gastric mucosa of VDR+/- mice was more susceptible to H. pylori colonization and had lower levels of VDR and CAMP expression than that of VDR+/+ mice. H. pylori infection upregulated VDR and CAMP expression in the stomach of both wild-type and mutant mice, and VitD3 treatment resulted in further increase of VDR and CAMP levels, while significantly and dose-dependently decreasing the H. pylori colonization rate in both mouse groups, without affecting blood calcium or phosphorus levels. Conclusion Our data indicate that oral administration of VitD3 reduces the H. pylori colonization rate and upregulates VDR and CAMP expression in the gastric mucosa, suggesting a role for VitD3/VDR/CAMP signaling in the eradication of H. pylori in the stomach. These findings provide important insights into the mechanism underlying the anti-H. pylori activity of VitD3 and should be useful in the development of measures to eradicate H. pylori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chunya Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wenjie Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China,*Correspondence: Lei Li,
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Zhao S, Wan D, Zhong Y, Xu X. 1α, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 protects gastric mucosa epithelial cells against Helicobacter pylori-infected apoptosis through a vitamin D receptor-dependent c-Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:801-809. [PMID: 35587225 PMCID: PMC9122358 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2058559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Due to the resistance of Helicobacter pylori to antibiotics, it is difficult to eradicate this pathogenic bacterium from the host. The role of 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-D3) in H. pylori-infected gastric mucosa epithelial cells remains unknown. OBJECTIVE This study investigates the protective property of 1,25-D3 against H. pylori-infected apoptosis in gastric mucosa epithelial cells and its potential molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS GES-1 cells were infected with H. pylori SS1 strain (MOI: 100) and treated with 1,25-D3 at 100, 200, and 300 nM for 24 h. Mice were orally gavaged with 108 CFUs of H. pylori and 25 µg/kg 1,25-D3 every other day for 1 month. CCK-8, LDH assay, TUNEL assay and western blot were used to determine the effect of 1,25-D3 on H. pylori-induced apoptosis. RESULTS H. pylori infection decreased cell viability to 59.2%, while 100-300 nM 1,25-D3 increased cell viability to 62.2%, 78.4% and 87.1%, respectively. Compared with positive control (4.53-fold), 1,25-D3 reduced caspase-3 activity to 4.49-, 2.88- and 1.49-fold, reduced caspase-6 activity to 2.36-, 1.88- and 1.50-fold, reduced caspase-9 activity to 4.55-, 2.91- and 2.01-fold. 1,25-D3 alters Bcl-2 family, caspase protein expression and c-Raf/MEK/ERK phosphorylation levels in vivo and in vitro. Suppression of 1,25-D3 in apoptosis was reliant on binding to vitamin D receptor. The pharmacological inhibition of c-Raf/MEK/ERK phosphorylation blocked the anti-apoptotic effect of 1,25-D3. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION 1,25-D3 protected gastric mucosa epithelial cells against H. pylori-infected apoptosis through a VDR-dependent c-Raf/MEK/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- Pediatric Department of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Daihong Wan
- Pediatric Department of Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Qingdao University, Yantai, China
| | - Yaoyao Zhong
- Pediatric Department of Qingdao Women and Children’s Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiwei Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
- CONTACT Xiwei Xu Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical Universtiy, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing100045, China
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8
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Mirza WA, Zhang K, Zhang R, Duan G, Khan MSN, Ni P. Vitamin D deficiency in dengue fever patients' coinfected with H. pylori in Pakistan. A case-control study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1035560. [PMID: 36388314 PMCID: PMC9659955 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1035560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Dengue fever is a vector-borne disease with an estimate of 390 million persons getting the infection each year with a significant public health impact. It has been reported DENV patients with vitamin D deficiency led to severe form of dengue infection; while H. pylori coinfection alters vitamin D receptors leading to vitamin D deficiency. We hypothesize that DENV patient's having low vitamin D along with H. pylori coinfection could have worsen dengue severity as well as vitamin D deficiency. In this case-control study, we compared (I) the vitamin D deficiency in dengue fever cases with or without H. pylori coinfection, and (II) negative dengue fever as a control with or without H. pylori coinfection. We have also assessed the correlation between vitamin D levels and its effect on warning signs of the dengue fever. Further, we have investigated whether coinfection with H. pylori has any effect on warning signs in the dengue fever patients and the vitamin D deficiency in all serotypes of the dengue virus infected patients. Methods In this case control study the association of the vitamin D levels with age, gender and H. pylori coinfection in dengue fever hospitalized patients was assessed using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results Four hundred dengue fever patients with H. pylori coinfection were compared with 400 dengue negative controls with H. pylori coinfection. The mean age was 29.96 ± 10.5 and 29.88 ± 10.7 years among cases and controls, respectively. Most dengue fever patients with H. pylori coinfection were deficient in vitamin D compared with negative dengue controls with H. pylori coinfection. In multivariate logistic regression, the dengue cases with H. pylori coinfection were.056 times (95% CI: 0.024, 0.128, P = 0.000) more likely to have vitamin D "deficiency', while compared with the cases who did not have H. pylori coinfection. Conclusion The present study proposes that vitamin D deficiency in dengue fever patients coinfected with H. pylori is much higher than the dengue fever negative controls coinfected with H. pylori. As hypothesized the DENV patient with H. pylori coinfection has vitamin D deficiency as well as increased dengue severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajid Ameen Mirza
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China,The First Affiliated Hospital and International College of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China,*Correspondence: Rongguang Zhang
| | - Guangcai Duan
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | | | - Peng Ni
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Mărginean CO, Meliț LE, Borka Balas R, Văsieșiu AM, Fleșeriu T. The Crosstalk between Vitamin D and Pediatric Digestive Disorders. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12102328. [PMID: 36292016 PMCID: PMC9600444 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12102328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a cyclopentane polyhydrophenanthrene compound involved mainly in bone health and calcium metabolism but also autophagy, modulation of the gut microbiota, cell proliferation, immune functions and intestinal barrier integrity. The sources of vitamin D include sunlight, diet and vitamin D supplements. Vitamin D3, the most effective vitamin D isoform is produced in the human epidermis as a result of sunlight exposure. Vitamin D undergoes two hydroxylation reactions in the liver and kidney to reach its active form, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. Recent studies highlighted a complex spectrum of roles regarding the wellbeing of the gastrointestinal tract. Based on its antimicrobial effect, it was recently indicated that vitamin D supplementation in addition to standard eradication therapy might enhance H. pylori eradication rates. Moreover, it was suggested that low levels of vitamin D might also be involved in the acquisition of H. pylori infection. In terms of celiac disease, the negative effects of vitamin D deficiency might begin even during intrauterine life in the setting of maternal deficiency. Moreover, vitamin D is strongly related to the integrity of the gut barrier, which represents the core of the pathophysiology of celiac disease onset, in addition to being correlated with the histological findings of disease severity. The relationship between vitamin D and cystic fibrosis is supported by the involvement of this micronutrient in preserving lung function by clearing airway inflammation and preventing pathogen airway colonization. Moreover, this micronutrient might exert anticatabolic effects in CF patients. Inflammatory bowel disease patients also experience major benefits if they have a sufficient level of circulating vitamin D, proving its involvement in both induction and remission in these patients. The findings regarding the relationship between vitamin D, food allergies, diarrhea and constipation remain controversial, but vitamin D levels should be monitored in these patients in order to avoid hypo- and hypervitaminosis. Further studies are required to fill the remaining gaps in term of the complex impact of vitamin D on gastrointestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Oana Mărginean
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Lorena Elena Meliț
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Reka Borka Balas
- Department of Pediatrics I, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Anca Meda Văsieșiu
- Department of Infectious Disease, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Marinescu Street No 38, 540136 Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Tudor Fleșeriu
- Department of Infectious Disease, County Clinical Hospital Târgu Mureș, Gheorghe Doja Street No 89, 540394 Târgu Mureș, Romania
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Role of Host Small GTPases in Apicomplexan Parasite Infection. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071370. [PMID: 35889089 PMCID: PMC9319929 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The Apicomplexa are obligate intracellular parasites responsible for several important human diseases. These protozoan organisms have evolved several strategies to modify the host cell environment to create a favorable niche for their survival. The host cytoskeleton is widely manipulated during all phases of apicomplexan intracellular infection. Moreover, the localization and organization of host organelles are altered in order to scavenge nutrients from the host. Small GTPases are a class of proteins widely involved in intracellular pathways governing different processes, from cytoskeletal and organelle organization to gene transcription and intracellular trafficking. These proteins are already known to be involved in infection by several intracellular pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and protozoan parasites. In this review, we recapitulate the mechanisms by which apicomplexan parasites manipulate the host cell during infection, focusing on the role of host small GTPases. We also discuss the possibility of considering small GTPases as potential targets for the development of novel host-targeted therapies against apicomplexan infections.
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Konuksever D, Yücel SP. Evaluation of correlation between vitamin D with vitamin B12 and folate in children. Nutrition 2022; 99-100:111683. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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The Effects of Vitamins and Micronutrients on Helicobacter pylori Pathogenicity, Survival, and Eradication: A Crosstalk between Micronutrients and Immune System. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:4713684. [PMID: 35340586 PMCID: PMC8942682 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4713684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori as a class I carcinogen is correlated with a variety of severe gastroduodenal diseases; therefore, H. pylori eradication has become a priority to prevent gastric carcinogenesis. However, due to the emergence and spread of multidrug and single drug resistance mechanisms in H. pylori, as well as serious side effects of currently used antibiotic interventions, achieving successful H. pylori eradication has become exceedingly difficult. Recent studies expressed the intention of seeking novel strategies to improve H. pylori management and reduce the risk of H. pylori-associated intestinal and extragastrointestinal disorders. For which, vitamin supplementation has been demonstrated in many studies to have a tight interaction with H. pylori infection, either directly through the regulation of the host inflammatory pathways or indirectly by promoting the host immune response. On the other hand, H. pylori infection is reported to result in micronutrient malabsorption or deficiency. Furthermore, serum levels of particular micronutrients, especially vitamin D, are inversely correlated to the risk of H. pylori infection and eradication failure. Accordingly, vitamin supplementation might increase the efficiency of H. pylori eradication and reduce the risk of drug-related adverse effects. Therefore, this review aims at highlighting the regulatory role of micronutrients in H. pylori-induced host immune response and their potential capacity, as intrinsic antioxidants, for reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. We also discuss the uncovered mechanisms underlying the molecular and serological interactions between micronutrients and H. pylori infection to present a perspective for innovative in vitro investigations, as well as novel clinical implications.
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Parapini S, Paone S, Erba E, Cavicchini L, Pourshaban M, Celani F, Contini A, D’Alessandro S, Olivieri A. In Vitro Antimalarial Activity of Inhibitors of the Human GTPase Rac1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022; 66:e0149821. [PMID: 34723630 PMCID: PMC8765435 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01498-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria accounts for millions of cases and thousands of deaths every year. In the absence of an effective vaccine, drugs are still the most important tool in the fight against the disease. Plasmodium parasites developed resistance to all classes of known antimalarial drugs. Thus, the search for antimalarial drugs with novel mechanisms of action is compelling. The human GTPase Rac1 plays a role in parasite invasion of the host cell in many intracellular pathogens. Also, in Plasmodium falciparum, the involvement of Rac1 during both the invasion process and parasite intracellular development was suggested. The aim of this work is to test a panel of Rac1 inhibitors as potential antimalarial drugs. Fourteen commercially available or newly synthesized inhibitors of Rac1 were tested for antimalarial activity. Among these, EHop-016 was the most effective against P. falciparum in vitro, with nanomolar 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) (138.8 ± 16.0 nM on the chloroquine-sensitive D10 strain and 321.5 ± 28.5 nM on the chloroquine-resistant W2 strain) and a selectivity index of 37.8. EHop-016 did not inhibit parasite invasion of red blood cells but affected parasite growth inside them. Among the tested Rac1 inhibitors, EHop-016 showed promising activity that raises attention to this class of molecules as potential antimalarials and deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Parapini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche per la Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Paone
- Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Malattie Infettive, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Erba
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Loredana Cavicchini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Celani
- Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Contini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sarah D’Alessandro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Olivieri
- Dipartimento di Malattie Infettive, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
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Chen LW, Chang LC, Hua CC, Cheng TC, Lee CC. Comparing the Expressions of Vitamin D Receptor, Cell Proliferation, and Apoptosis in Gastric Mucosa With Gastritis, Intestinal Metaplasia, or Adenocarcinoma Change. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:766061. [PMID: 34881266 PMCID: PMC8645899 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.766061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare the expression of vitamin D receptor (VDR), cell proliferation, and apoptosis in the gastric mucosa of patients with gastritis, intestinal metaplasia (IM), and adenocarcinoma using artificial intelligence. Material and Methods: This study retrospectively enrolled patients at the Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital from November of 2016 to June, 2017, who were diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma. The inclusion criteria were patients' pathologic reports that revealed all compartments of Helicobacter pylori infection, gastritis, IM, and adenocarcinoma simultaneously in the same gastric sample. Tissue slides after immunohistochemical (IHC) staining were transformed into digital images using a scanner and counted using computer software (QuPath and ImageJ). IHC staining included PA1-711 antibody for VDR, Ki67 antigen for proliferation, and M30 antibody CK18 for apoptosis. Results: Twenty-nine patients were included in the IHC staining quantitative analysis. The mean age was 69.1 ± 11.3 y/o. Most (25/29, 86.2%) patients had poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. The mean expression of Ki67 and CK18 increased progressively from gastritis and IM to adenocarcinoma, with statistical significance (P < 0.05). VDR expression did not correlate with Ki67 or CK18 expression. Survival time was only correlated with tumor stage (correlation coefficient = −0.423, P value < 0.05), but was not correlated with the expression of VDR, Ki67, and CK18. Conclusion: Ki67 expression and CK18 expression progressively increased in the areas of gastritis, IM, and adenocarcinoma. No correlation between VDR expression and Ki67 or CK18 expression was found in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Che Chang
- Department of Pathology, Pathology Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ching Hua
- Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Chien Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Pathology Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chan Lee
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Internal Medicine Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan
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15
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El Shahawy MS, Shady ZM, Gaafar A. Influence of adding vitamin D3 to standard clarithromycin-based triple therapy on the eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori infection. Arab J Gastroenterol 2021; 22:209-214. [PMID: 34521593 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajg.2021.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS The successful eradication rates with standard clarithromycin-based triple therapy are declining concerning the high antibiotic resistance rate and adverse drug reactions. This study aims to evaluate the effect of adding 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D3 on the eradication rates of the standard clarithromycin-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. PATIENTS AND METHODS This is a randomized prospective comparative study of 150 patients diagnosed with H. pylori gastritis using magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy and supported by a stool antigen test. Patients were divided into two groups: group A (n = 75) treated with amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and esomeprazole for 2 weeks; group B (n = 75) treated with 1,25-hydroxyvitamin D3 for 1 month plus amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and esomeprazole for 2 weeks. The H. pylori eradication rates were assessed using stool antigen test conducted 4 weeks after the end of therapy. Furthermore, the H. pylori eradication rates were assessed with per-protocol (PP) and intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses. RESULTS The current results showed that H. pylori eradication was achieved in 46 of 62 (74.19%) and 46 of 75 (61.33%) patients via PP and ITT analyses, respectively, in group A. However, eradication was achieved in 60 of 68 (88.23%) and 60 of 75 (80%) patients via PP and ITT analyses, respectively, in group B. Therefore, the H. pylori eradication rates in the group where vitamin D3 was added to the clarithromycin-based triple therapy were significantly higher than in the other groups (p = 0.012 and p = 0.029 in ITT and PP analyses, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Adding vitamin D3 to the standard clarithromycin-based triple therapy could provide an additional advantage to achieve significantly higher eradication rates for H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S El Shahawy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Zakarya M Shady
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Abdullah Gaafar
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
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16
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Alexander SM, Retnakumar RJ, Chouhan D, Devi TNB, Dharmaseelan S, Devadas K, Thapa N, Tamang JP, Lamtha SC, Chattopadhyay S. Helicobacter pylori in Human Stomach: The Inconsistencies in Clinical Outcomes and the Probable Causes. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:713955. [PMID: 34484153 PMCID: PMC8416104 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.713955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic potentials of the gastric pathogen, Helicobacter pylori, have been proposed, evaluated, and confirmed by many laboratories for nearly 4 decades since its serendipitous discovery in 1983 by Barry James Marshall and John Robin Warren. Helicobacter pylori is the first bacterium to be categorized as a definite carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization (WHO). Half of the world’s population carries H. pylori, which may be responsible for severe gastric diseases like peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. These two gastric diseases take more than a million lives every year. However, the role of H. pylori as sole pathogen in gastric diseases is heavily debated and remained controversial. It is still not convincingly understood, why most (80–90%) H. pylori infected individuals remain asymptomatic, while some (10–20%) develop such severe gastric diseases. Moreover, several reports indicated that colonization of H. pylori has positive and negative associations with several other gastrointestinal (GI) and non-GI diseases. In this review, we have discussed the state of the art knowledge on “H. pylori factors” and several “other factors,” which have been claimed to have links with severe gastric and duodenal diseases. We conclude that H. pylori infection alone does not satisfy the “necessary and sufficient” condition for developing aggressive clinical outcomes. Rather, the cumulative effect of a number of factors like the virulence proteins of H. pylori, local geography and climate, genetic background and immunity of the host, gastric and intestinal microbiota, and dietary habit and history of medicine usage together determine whether the H. pylori infected person will remain asymptomatic or will develop one of the severe gastric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Deepak Chouhan
- Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum, India.,Centre for Doctoral Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | | | - Krishnadas Devadas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Government Medical College, Trivandrum, India
| | - Namrata Thapa
- Biotech Hub, Department of Zoology, Nar Bahadur Bhandari Degree College, Gangtok, India
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Al-Mofarji ST, Hussien H, Mohamed N, Hantoosh S, Abass M, Ali A. The association between gastric bacterial infection and low level of vitamin D among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. BAGHDAD JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.47419/bjbabs.v2i01.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The present research aimed to find an association between infection by Helicobacter pylori and vitamin D deficiency in type 2 diabetic Iraqis attending Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital.
Methods: According to fasting blood glucose, the samples were divided into a non-diabetic group with ten diabetic individuals and a diabetic group with thirty individuals.
Results: The anti-H. pylori (IgG) levels were 86.77±58.62 NTU/μL in diabetic patients compared with 10.12_7.40 NTU/μL in non-diabetic group. Vitamin D levels were decreased significantly in infected patients compared to non-infected subjects.
Conclusion: The H. pylori-infected patients have recorded the lowest level of vitamin D than non-infected individuals.
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18
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Zanetta P, Squarzanti DF, Sorrentino R, Rolla R, Aluffi Valletti P, Garzaro M, Dell'Era V, Amoruso A, Azzimonti B. Oral microbiota and vitamin D impact on oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinogenesis: a narrative literature review. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:224-239. [PMID: 33476522 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1872487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
An emerging body of research is revealing the microbiota pivotal involvement in determining the health or disease state of several human niches, and that of vitamin D also in extra-skeletal regions. Nevertheless, much of the oral microbiota and vitamin D reciprocal impact in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinogenesis (OPSCC) is still mostly unknown. On this premise, starting from an in-depth scientific bibliographic analysis, this narrative literature review aims to show a detailed view of the state of the art on their contribution in the pathogenesis of this cancer type. Significant differences in the oral microbiota species quantity and quality have been detected in OPSCC-affected patients; in particular, mainly high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida spp. seem to be highly represented. Vitamin D prevents and fights infections promoted by the above identified pathogens, thus confirming its homeostatic function on the microbiota balance. However, its antimicrobial and antitumoral actions, well-described for the gut, have not been fully documented for the oropharynx yet. Deeper investigations of the mechanisms that link vitamin D levels, oral microbial diversity and inflammatory processes will lead to a better definition of OPSCC risk factors for the optimization of specific prevention and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Zanetta
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), Department of Health Sciences (DSS), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Diletta Francesca Squarzanti
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), Department of Health Sciences (DSS), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
| | - Rita Sorrentino
- Emerging Bacterial Pathogens Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberta Rolla
- Clinical Chemistry Unit, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", DSS, School of Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Paolo Aluffi Valletti
- ENT Division, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", DSS, School of Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Garzaro
- ENT Division, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", DSS, School of Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Valeria Dell'Era
- ENT Division, University Hospital "Maggiore della Carità", DSS, School of Medicine, UPO, Novara, Italy
| | | | - Barbara Azzimonti
- Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Center for Translational Research on Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases (CAAD), Department of Health Sciences (DSS), School of Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale (UPO), Novara, Italy
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Shafrir A, Shauly-Aharonov M, Katz LH, Paltiel O, Pickman Y, Ackerman Z. The Association between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Helicobacter pylori Presence and Eradication. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13010278. [PMID: 33478000 PMCID: PMC7835846 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The success of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication depends on several host and treatment factors. Serum vitamin D levels may be associated with H. pylori infection and eradication rates. We investigated the association between vitamin D and H. pylori infection and eradication, using a large electronic database based on medical records from a population-based health maintenance organization. Methods: Data regarding adults who underwent H. pylori testing and had vitamin D measurements within one month of H. pylori testing were collected. H. pylori infection was ascertained using urea breath or stool antigen tests. A negative H. pylori test following a positive result implied eradication. Multivariate regression models were constructed to assess associations between H. pylori infection, eradication, and vitamin D. Results: Among 150,483 members who underwent H. pylori testing from 2009 to 2018, 27,077 (18%) had vitamin D measurements. Vitamin D levels were inversely associated with H. pylori infection, p < 0.001. The odds of a positive H. pylori test were 31% higher among patients with vitamin D levels <20 ng/mL, compared with those with levels ≥20 ng/mL (OR 1.31, 99% CI 1.22–1.4, p < 0.001). Purchase of vitamin D supplements was associated with a negative subsequent H. pylori test (p < 0.001). Mean vitamin D levels were moderately higher in those with successful vs. failed H. pylori eradication (19.34 ± 9.55 vs. 18.64 ± 9.61, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Vitamin D levels are associated with H. pylori infection. Increased vitamin D levels are associated with successful H. pylori eradication. Vitamin D may have a role in H. pylori eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher Shafrir
- Division of Medicine, Meuhedet Health Services, Tel Aviv 6203854, Israel
- Hadassah Medical Center, The Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Ein Karem Campus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12249, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +972-2677-7547; Fax: +972-2642-0338
| | - Michal Shauly-Aharonov
- The Jerusalem College of Technology, P.O. Box 16031, Jerusalem 91160, Israel;
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
| | - Lior H. Katz
- Hadassah Medical Center, The Department of Gastroenterology, Faculty of Medicine, Ein Karem Campus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12249, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
| | - Ora Paltiel
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel;
- Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Ein Karem Campus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | | | - Zvi Ackerman
- Hadassah Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mount Scopus Campus, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 24035, Jerusalem 91240, Israel;
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20
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Zhou A, Li L, Zhao G, Min L, Liu S, Zhu S, Guo Q, Liu C, Zhang S, Li P. Vitamin D3 Inhibits Helicobacter pylori Infection by Activating the VitD3/VDR-CAMP Pathway in Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:566730. [PMID: 33194806 PMCID: PMC7646218 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.566730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is closely associated with the occurrence and development of gastric diseases. Therefore, eliminating H. pylori infection should help to prevent gastric diseases. Vitamin D3 (VitD3, 1,25(OH)2D3) was previously observed to exhibit anti-H. pylori infection activity in clinic, but these results were reported in heterogeneous in vivo studies without elucidation of the underlying mechanisms. In the present study, we established H. pylori infection models in both wild-type and VDR knockdown (VDR-KD) mice, which were used to demonstrate that VitD3 inhibits H. pylori infection by enhancing the expression of VitD receptor (VDR) and cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP). Furthermore, VDR-KD mice that exhibited lower VDR expression were more susceptible to H. pylori infection. In cultured mouse primary gastric epithelial cells, we further demonstrated that the VitD3/VDR complex binds to the CAMP promoter region to increase its expression. These data provide a mechanistic explanation of the anti-H. pylori infection activity of VitD3 at the molecular level in mice and suggest a new avenue for the clinical management of H. pylori eradication therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Affiliated Hospital for Wei Fang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Guiping Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Min
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Si Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingdong Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunjie Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Academy of Military Medical Sciences of the Chinese PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Shutian Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Department of Gastroenterology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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21
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Zhang Y, Bi B, Guo X, Zhang S. Analysis of Eradication, Recurrence and Levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D 3 and Interleukin-1β in paediatric patients with Helicobacter Pylori Infection-related Gastritis. Pak J Med Sci 2020; 36:1377-1381. [PMID: 32968412 PMCID: PMC7501042 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.36.6.2292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To study whether the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25-(OH)D3) and Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) are correlated to the eradication and recurrence of helicobacter pylori (Hp) in paediatric patients with Hp infection-related gastritis. Methods: A total of 142 paediatric patients with Hp infection-related gastritis from November 2017 to March 2018 in Baoding Children’s Hospital were selected as study subjectswere selected as study subjects and were followed up for one year. Paediatric patients were grouped and analyzed according to the effect of follow-up treatment and recurrence. Results: The levels of 25-(OH) D3 in the non-eradication group were lower than those in the eradication group and the control group (F=27.087, P<0.05); the levels of IL-1β were higher than those in the eradication group and the control group (F=16.610, P<0.05). Recurrence during follow-up visits: The levels of 25-(OH) D3 in the recurrence group were lower than those in the non-recurrence group and the control group (F=33.837, P<0.05); the levels of IL-1β in the recurrence group were higher than those in the non-recurrence group and the control group (F=7.896, P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed the levels of 25-(OH) D3 and IL-1β in the eradication group and the non-eradication group were negatively correlated (r=-0.232, P<0.05); the levels of 25-(OH) D3 and IL-1β in the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group were negatively correlated (r=-0.225, P<0.05). Conclusion: Relatively high levels of IL-1β may be correlated to the difficulty in eradicating the Hp infection in paediatric patients. Relatively low levels of 25-(OH) D3 may be correlated to the difficulty in eradicating the Hp infection and recurrence in paediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanda Zhang
- Yuanda Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Baoding Children's Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory for Clinical Research of Respiratory and Digestive Diseases in Children, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Binbin Bi
- Binbin Bi, Department of Gastroenterology, Baoding Children's Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory for Clinical Research of Respiratory and Digestive Diseases in Children, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Xu Guo
- Xu Guo, Department of Gastroenterology, Baoding Children's Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory for Clinical Research of Respiratory and Digestive Diseases in Children, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
| | - Shaohui Zhang
- Shaohui Zhang, Department of Gastroenterology, Baoding Children's Hospital, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, P.R. China; Key Laboratory for Clinical Research of Respiratory and Digestive Diseases in Children, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, China
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Ibrahim HA. Relationship Between Helicobacter pylori Infection, Serum Vitamin D3 Level and Spontaneous Abortion. Int J Gen Med 2020; 13:469-476. [PMID: 32801841 PMCID: PMC7395681 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s251075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of vitamin D3 (VD3) on pregnancy outcomes remain obscure. Thus, this study aims to investigate the relationship between maternal H. pylori infection, low VD3 level, and spontaneous abortion. Methods This research is conducted in Shahid Ali Qader Consultant Clinic in Sulaimaniyah city in which 100 women with a history of abortion and 100 women with no history of miscarriage were included. Serum detection of anti-H. pyloriIgG, IgA, and VD3 were done using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Results The mean of VD3, H. pylori IgG, and IgAin patients and control group cases was determined and analyzed statistically. Conclusion H. pylori infection and VD3 play a significant role in early pregnancy loss. Blood group A and O are more prone to spontaneous abortion.
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Gao T, Zhao M, Zhang C, Wang P, Zhou W, Tan S, Zhao L. Association of Helicobacter pylori Infection with Vitamin D Deficiency in Infants and Toddlers. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 102:541-546. [PMID: 31933468 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.19-0523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), a gram-negative pathogen, has been shown to colonize multiple organs and cause various forms of extra-gastrointestinal diseases. The association of H. pylori infection with vitamin D status in apparently healthy children remained unclear; therefore, we investigated the relationship between vitamin D and H. pylori infection among apparently healthy infants and toddlers. In this large cross-sectional study, the examination data of children were collected from January 2013 to September 2017 in the Center for Children's Health Care. Among these children, 6,896 infants and toddlers were screened for our study. Helicobacter pylori infection and vitamin D status were the main indicators, and micronutrients (zinc, iron, copper, magnesium), and growth parameters (height, weight, and weight for age Z score [WAZ], height for age Z score [HAZ]) were also analyzed in this study. Among the 6,896 infants and toddlers, the detection rate of H. pylori seropositivity was 30.6%. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in H. pylori seropositive and seronegative groups was 20.7% and 12.1%, respectively (P < 0.001). The logistic regression analysis suggested children with H. pylori-positive antibody were 2.06 times more likely to be vitamin D deficient compared with children who had negative H. pylori antibody (odds ratio: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.77, 2.38) after controlling for confounding factors. These data suggested that there was a significant association between H. pylori seropositivity and vitamin D deficiency in children aged 6-36 months, which would make a contribution to the treatment and monitoring of vitamin D deficiency and H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Gao
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Mengwen Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Shan Tan
- Department of Pediatrics, Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Lingling Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, Central South University Third Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
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Papaefthymiou A, Doulberis M, Polyzos SA, Kountouras J. National consensus on Helicobacter pylori infection: the next-day challenge. Ann Gastroenterol 2020; 33:324-325. [PMID: 32382241 PMCID: PMC7196622 DOI: 10.20524/aog.2020.0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Apostolis Papaefthymiou
- Department of Gastroenterology, 401 General Military Hospital of Athens, Greece (Apostolis Papaefthymiou).,First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece (Apostolis Papaefthymiou, Michael Doulberis, Stergios A. Polyzos).,Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece (Apostolis Papaefthymiou, Michael Doulberis, Jannis Kountouras)
| | - Michael Doulberis
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece (Apostolis Papaefthymiou, Michael Doulberis, Stergios A. Polyzos).,Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece (Apostolis Papaefthymiou, Michael Doulberis, Jannis Kountouras).,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Switzerland (Michael Doulberis)
| | - Stergios A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece (Apostolis Papaefthymiou, Michael Doulberis, Stergios A. Polyzos)
| | - Jannis Kountouras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece (Apostolis Papaefthymiou, Michael Doulberis, Jannis Kountouras)
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Mohamed AA, Moussa S, Shaheen MM, Abd-Elsalam S, Ahmed R, Mostafa SM, Fouad A, Alegaily HS, Megahed SA, Abo-Amer YE. Association Between Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms and Helicobacter Pylori Infection. THE OPEN BIOMARKERS JOURNAL 2020; 10:8-14. [DOI: 10.2174/1875318302010010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Background & Aims:
Human genetic polymorphism has been reported in the susceptibility and clinical development of infection. In this regard, this study aimed to investigate the link between Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and H. pylori infection.
Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 224 adult patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms who underwent an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between July 2017 and May 2019 in two major university hospitals. All patients were evaluated for helicobacter pylori infection. Two gastric antral biopsy specimens were taken from each patient. One of those Biopsy specimens was evaluated for histopathology examination and the other one was immersed in a saline solution ready for genomic DNA extraction.
Results:
There were statistically significant differences between different genotypes of VDR rs7975232 polymorphism between H. pylori infected and non-infected groups (CC was higher in H. pylori negative and AC and AA were the most common in H. pylori positive group). There were statistical differences between different genotypes of VDR rs2228570 between H. pylori infected and non-infected groups (TT was higher in H. pylori negative and CT and CC were the most common in H. pylori positive group). Regarding VDR rs 7975232 gene polymorphisms; the (A) allele was significantly higher H. pylori infected, while (C) allele was significantly higher in uninfected patients. Regarding VDR rs 2228570 gene polymorphisms; the (C) allele was significantly higher H. pylori infected, while (T) allele was significantly higher in uninfected patients.
Conclusion:
There is a possible association between the FokI and Apal VDR polymorphism and H. pylori infection.
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Lérias JR, Paraschoudi G, de Sousa E, Martins J, Condeço C, Figueiredo N, Carvalho C, Dodoo E, Castillo-Martin M, Beltrán A, Ligeiro D, Rao M, Zumla A, Maeurer M. Microbes as Master Immunomodulators: Immunopathology, Cancer and Personalized Immunotherapies. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 7:362. [PMID: 32039196 PMCID: PMC6989410 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The intricate interplay between the immune system and microbes is an essential part of the physiological homeostasis in health and disease. Immunological recognition of commensal microbes, such as bacterial species resident in the gut or lung as well as dormant viral species, i.e., cytomegalovirus (CMV) or Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), in combination with a balanced immune regulation, is central to achieve immune-protection. Emerging evidence suggests that immune responses primed to guard against commensal microbes may cause unexpected pathological outcomes, e.g., chronic inflammation and/or malignant transformation. Furthermore, translocation of immune cells from one anatomical compartment to another, i.e., the gut-lung axis via the lymphatics or blood has been identified as an important factor in perpetrating systemic inflammation, tissue destruction, as well as modulating host-protective immune responses. We present in this review immune response patterns to pathogenic as well as non-pathogenic microbes and how these immune-recognition profiles affect local immune responses or malignant transformation. We discuss personalized immunological therapies which, directly or indirectly, target host biological pathways modulated by antimicrobial immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana R. Lérias
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Eric de Sousa
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Martins
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carolina Condeço
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno Figueiredo
- Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carlos Carvalho
- Digestive Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Antonio Beltrán
- Department of Pathology, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dário Ligeiro
- Lisbon Centre for Blood and Transplantation, Instituto Português do Sangue e Transplantação, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Martin Rao
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alimuddin Zumla
- Division of Infection and Immunity, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Markus Maeurer
- ImmunoSurgery Unit, Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown, Lisbon, Portugal
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27
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Malaguarnera L. Vitamin D and microbiota: Two sides of the same coin in the immunomodulatory aspects. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 79:106112. [PMID: 31877495 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota is crucial for host immune response, vitamin synthesis, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production, intestinal permeability, nutrient digestion energy metabolism and protection from pathogens. Therefore, gut microbiota guarantees the host's predisposition to gastrointestinal diseases. Intestinal microbiota may be damaged by environmental components with negative health conditions. Dysbiosis consisting in alteration in the gut microbiota has been involved in several disorders including inflammation, allergic reactions, autoimmune diseases, heart diseases, obesity, and metabolic syndrome and even in the state of malignant carcinogenesis existing in humans. Several epidemiological studies have shown that inadequate solar exposure results in vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency which has a strong impact on different immune responses and the occurrence of a wide range of pathological conditions. Additionally, new evidence indicates that the vitamin D pathway plays a key role in gut homeostasis. Due to the strong connection between vitamin D and microbiota, herein we focus on the new findings about intestinal bacteria-immune crosstalk and the impact of vitamin D in gut microbiota regulation, in order to offer new clarifications on their interaction. Understanding the mechanism by which vitamin D can affect the gut microbiota composition and its dynamic activities, as well as the innate and adaptive state of the immune system, is not only a fundamental research but also an opportunity to improve health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Malaguarnera
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia, 97, Catania, Italy.
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28
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Host-Targeted Therapeutics against Multidrug Resistant Intracellular Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8040241. [PMID: 31795127 PMCID: PMC6963206 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8040241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a facultative intracellular pathogen that invades and replicates within many types of human cells. S. aureus has shown to rapidly overcome traditional antibiotherapy by developing multidrug resistance. Furthermore, intracellular S. aureus is protected from the last-resort antibiotics—vancomycin, daptomycin, and linezolid—as they are unable to achieve plasma concentrations sufficient for intracellular killing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel anti-infective therapies against S. aureus infections. Here, we review the current state of the field and highlight the exploitation of host-directed approaches as a promising strategy going forward.
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29
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Yang L, He X, Li L, Lu C. Effect of vitamin D on Helicobacter pylori infection and eradication: A meta-analysis. Helicobacter 2019; 24:e12655. [PMID: 31411799 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various studies reported the relationship between Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) and vitamin D, but there is some controversy around that. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to clarify the relationship between vitamin D and H pylori infection, and vitamin D and H pylori eradication. METHODS Articles published until June 1, 2019, in the PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases with English-language medical studies were searched. According to the inclusion criteria, relevant statistical data were extracted to Microsoft Excel and analyzed by STATA15.1. RESULTS Ten articles were finally included. It was demonstrated that average 25(OH)D level in H pylori-positive patients was lower than H pylori-negative (SMD = -0.53 ng/mL, 95% CI = (-0.91, -0.16 ng/mL)). For H pylori eradication individuals, the result showed that average 25(OH)D level in H pylori successful eradication individuals was higher than unsuccessful (SMD = 1.31 ng/mL, 95% CI = [0.60, 2.02 ng/mL]). In addition, individuals with vitamin D deficiency had lower H pylori eradicate rate (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = [0.02, 0.41]). Sensitivity analysis showed that the meta-analysis results were stable and reliable. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D was a protective factor to H pylori infection. Moreover, vitamin D can improve the success rate of H pylori eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinjue He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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30
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A Narrative Role of Vitamin D and Its Receptor: With Current Evidence on the Gastric Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153832. [PMID: 31387330 PMCID: PMC6695859 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is a major steroid hormone that is gaining attention as a therapeutic molecule. Due to the general awareness of its importance for the overall well-being, vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is now recognized as a major health issue. The main reason for VDD is minimal exposure to sunlight. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a member of the steroid hormone receptors that induces a cascade of cell signaling to maintain healthy Ca2+ levels that serve to regulate several biological functions. However, the roles of vitamin D and its metabolism in maintaining gastric homeostasis have not yet been completely elucidated. Currently, there is a need to increase the vitamin D status in individuals worldwide as it has been shown to improve musculoskeletal health and reduce the risk of chronic illnesses, including some cancers, autoimmune and infectious diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, neurocognitive disorders, and general mortality. The role of vitamin D in gastric homeostasis is crucial and unexplored. This review attempts to elucidate the central role of vitamin D in preserving and maintaining the overall health and homeostasis of the stomach tissue.
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Mut Surmeli D, Surmeli ZG, Bahsi R, Turgut T, Selvi Oztorun H, Atmis V, Varli M, Aras S. Vitamin D deficiency and risk of Helicobacter pylori infection in older adults: a cross-sectional study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:985-991. [PMID: 30267333 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-1039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D deficiency is known to cause increased predisposition to various infectious diseases and the addition of vitamin D to antimicrobial treatment may improve treatment responses. However, the relationship between vitamin D and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) remains to be determined. AIMS To assess the association between vitamin D deficiency and H. pylori infection. METHODS This cross-sectional study included patients aged 65 and over, who underwent gastroscopy and had gastric biopsy performed between 2010 and 2017. Of the 441 patients, 254 had available 25-hydroxyvitamin D level results and were included in the analyses. Patients were categorized into H. pylori (+) and H. pylori (-) groups, according to histopathological examination results of gastric biopsies. Serum 25(OH) vitamin D levels less than 20 ng/mL were defined as vitamin D deficiency. RESULTS Of all patients, 43 were H. pylori (+) and 211 were H. pylori (-). More patients had vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) in the H. pylori (+) group than the H. pylori (-) group (86% vs 67.3%, p = 0.014). The proportion of H. pylori (+) patients decreased across increasing quartiles of 25(OH) vitamin D levels (p for trend = 0.010). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, vitamin D deficiency was associated with increased odds of H. pylori infection after adjustment for age, gender, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (OR = 3.02, 95% CI 1.19-7.69, p = 0.020). CONCLUSION Vitamin D deficiency can be associated with increased risk of H. pylori infection. The potential protective effect of vitamin D against H. pylori infection and its possible role in the treatment of H. pylori should be evaluated in prospective trials.
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Association of TLR4 Polymorphisms, Expression, and Vitamin D with Helicobacter pylori Infection. J Pers Med 2019; 9:jpm9010002. [PMID: 30641993 PMCID: PMC6463146 DOI: 10.3390/jpm9010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the strongest recognized risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma. Since previous observations have shown that polymorphisms in innate immune system genes, as well as vitamin D (VitD) levels, could modify the risk of infection with Helicobacterpylori (H. pylori), we analyzed the relation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in TLRs (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4) CD14, RUNX3 and VitD levels with H. pylori infection. A case-control study on four hundred sixty Lebanese individuals was conducted. Eleven SNPs in total were genotyped and gene expression analysis using real-time PCR was performed in white blood cells of a subsample of eight individuals. A total of 49% of the participants were affected. Although no direct association was found between the SNPs and H. pylori infection, rs4986790G>A and rs4986791T>C in TLR4 were negatively associated with VitD levels (β = −0.371, p = 5 × 10−3 and β = −0.4, p = 2 × 10−3, respectively), which was negatively associated with H. pylori infection (OR = 0.01, p < 1 × 10−3). TLR4 expression was 3× lower in individuals with H. pylori compared with non-infected (p = 0.01). TLR4 polymorphisms, expression, and VitD could be implicated in H. pylori infection and further development of gastric adenocarcinoma.
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Huang B, Yan S, Chen C, Ye S. Effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D on Helicobacter pylori eradication in patients with type 2 diabetes. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2018; 131:75-80. [PMID: 30542778 PMCID: PMC6394653 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-018-1416-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various studies have reported a lower Helicobacter pylori eradication rate and a more frequent reinfection rate in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Vitamin D has anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory activity and the role of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the antimicrobial activity against H. pylori has been reported. When it comes to the risk factors of H. pylori eradication, the function of vitamin D is not always taken into account. The aim of this study was to assess the role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in H. pylori eradication in T2DM. METHODS In this retrospective study data from 160 patients with T2DM who underwent eradication therapy for H. pylori in Anhui Provincial Hospital between July 2015 and September 2017 were analyzed. According to eradication status, patients were divided into two groups, the successful eradication group (n = 124) and the eradication failure group (n = 36). The following information was obtained from participants' records before eradication treatment: age, sex, body mass index (BMI), duration of T2DM, prescription of medication use, smoking and drinking history. All patients were tested for glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‑C), triglyceride (TG) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) at baseline. RESULTS The H. pylori was eradicated in 124 (77.5%) patients, while in 36 (22.5%) patients the treatment was unsuccessful. The eradication failure group had a lower mean vitamin D concentration than the group with successful eradication (15.09 ± 7.72 ng/ml vs. 19.87 ± 6.35 ng/ml, p = 0.004). The estimated odds ratio (OR) for eradication failure in individuals with serum vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/ml) compared to those with sufficient vitamin D levels (>30 ng/ml) were 1.489 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.046-2.121, P = 0.027), Individuals with long duration of diabetes (≥10 years) had odds of eradication failure of 1.467 (95% CI: 1.017-2.114, P = 0.040) compared to subjects with short duration of diabetes (<10 years). CONCLUSIONS Lower 25-OHD was not only associated with H. pylori eradication failure but was also related to dyslipidemia in T2DM patients. Increasing serum 25-OHD to appropriate levels by activated vitamin D use may improve the eradication rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, 2300000, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shengju Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, 2300000, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, 2300000, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Shandong Ye
- Department of Endocrinology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, 2300000, Hefei, Anhui Province, China.
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El Shahawy MS, Hemida MH, El Metwaly I, Shady ZM. The effect of vitamin D deficiency on eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori infection. JGH OPEN 2018; 2:270-275. [PMID: 30619936 PMCID: PMC6308038 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aim Many studies have investigated risk factors other than antibiotic resistance linked to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication failure. The aim of this study was to study the effect of serum levels of 25‐hydroxy‐vitamin D (25[OH]D) on eradication rates of H. pylori infection. Methods This study included 150 patients diagnosed with H. pylori gastritis using magnifying narrow‐band imaging endoscopy supported by stool antigen test. Serum 25‐OH vitamin D levels were measured via the Enzyme‐Linked Immune Sorbent assay (ELISA) method before starting eradication therapy of H. pylori infection. All patients were treated with clarithromycin‐based triple therapy for 14 days. H. pylori eradication was determined via a stool antigen test performed 4 weeks after the end of therapy. According to the serum level of 25‐OH vitamin D levels, the patients were divided into two groups: group I (sufficient) had a vitamin D level of ≥20 ng/mL, while group II (deficient) had a vitamin D level of <20 ng/mL. Results Our results revealed that eradication was successful in 105 (70%) patients and failed in 45 (30%) patients. The mean 25[OH]D level was significantly lower in the eradication failure group compared to the successful treatment group (14.7 ± 4.5 vs 27.41 ± 7.1; P < 0.001). Furthermore, there were significantly more patients with deficient 25[OH]D levels in the failed treatment group, 30 (66.6%), compared to the successful group, 10 (9.5%) (P < 0.001). Conclusions Our results demonstrated that 25‐OH vitamin D deficiency may be considered a risk factor related to eradication failure of H. pylori infection. In addition, a further randomized trial to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation in H. pylori eradication is mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S El Shahawy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Faculty of Medicine AL-Azhar University Cairo Egypt
| | - Mahmoud H Hemida
- Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology Unit, Faculty of Medicine AL-Azhar University Cairo Egypt
| | - Ibrahim El Metwaly
- Department of Clinical pathology, Faculty of Medicine AL-Azhar University Cairo Egypt
| | - Zakarya M Shady
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology Unit, Faculty of Medicine AL-Azhar University Cairo Egypt
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Li S, Xu T, Liu S, Liu Z, Pi Z, Song F, Jin Y. Exploring the potential pharmacodynamic material basis and pharmacologic mechanism of the Fufang-Xialian-Capsule in chronic atrophic gastritis by network pharmacology approach based on the components absorbed into the blood. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:171806. [PMID: 30110485 PMCID: PMC6030346 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.171806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a new network pharmacology approach based on the components absorbed into the blood was used to investigate the pharmacodynamic material basis and the pharmacologic mechanism of the Fufang-Xialian-Capsule (FXL) in treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). Initially, we confirmed the components absorbed into the blood by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Then, the network approach, which was based on the results of components absorbed into the blood, was used to analyse the pharmacodynamic material basis and the pharmacologic mechanism of FXL on treating CAG. As a result, 22 absorbed components were found in rat plasma. Given the results of the absorption analysis of the components, eight pathways associated with CAG development were found. The targets linked to these pathways are the drug targets of FXL in CAG treatment. The components associated with these targets are the potential pharmacodynamic material basis and exert synergy in regulating pathways during CAG treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shizhe Li
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Biology Laboratory, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Xu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Biology Laboratory, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Biology Laboratory, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Biology Laboratory, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zifeng Pi
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Biology Laboratory, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenrui Song
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry and Chemical Biology Laboratory, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongri Jin
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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36
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Lu C, Yu Y, Li L, Yu C, Xu P. Systematic review of the relationship of Helicobacter pylori infection with geographical latitude, average annual temperature and average daily sunshine. BMC Gastroenterol 2018; 18:50. [PMID: 29665777 PMCID: PMC5905136 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-018-0779-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a worldwide threat to human health with high prevalence. In this study, we analyzed the relationship between latitude, average annual temperature, average daily sunshine time and H. pylori infection. Methods The PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, EBSCO and Web of Science databases were searched to identify studies reporting H. pylori infection. Latitude 30° was the cut-off level for low and mid-latitude areas. We obtained information for latitude, average annual temperature, average daily sunshine, and Human Development Index (HDI) from reports of studies of the relationships with H. pylori infection. Results Of the 51 studies included, there was significant difference in H. pylori infection between the low- and mid-latitude areas (P = 0.05). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of H. pylori infection in each 15°-latitude zone analyzed (P = 0.061). Subgroup analysis revealed the highest and lowest H. pylori infection rates in the developing regions at > 30° latitude subgroup and the developed regions at < 30° latitude subgroup, respectively (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that average annual temperature, average daily sunshine time and HDI were significantly correlated with H. pylori infection (P = 0.009, P < 0.001, P < 0.001), while there was no correlation between H. pylori infection and latitude. Conclusions Our analysis showed that higher average annual temperature was associated with lower H. pylori infection rates, while average daily sunshine time correlated positively with H. pylori infection. HDI was also found to be a significant factor, with higher HDI associated with lower infection rates. These findings provide evidence that can be used to devise strategies for the prevention and control of H. pylori. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12876-018-0779-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Ye Yu
- Department of Rheumatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Lan Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chaohui Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Martins DDJ, Matos GC, Loiola RS, D'Annibale V, Corvelo T. Relationship of vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms in Helicobacter pylori gastric patients. Clin Exp Gastroenterol 2018; 11:19-27. [PMID: 29391820 PMCID: PMC5769596 DOI: 10.2147/ceg.s143332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The present study aimed to investigate the association between the human VDR gene and Helicobacter pylori infection. Patients and methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 208 adult patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Gastric biopsy specimens were obtained from each patient for molecular DNA and histological examination. Patients were genotyped for VDR gene polymorphisms using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Results The allelic and genotypic distribution analyses of the FokI, ApaI and TaqI polymorphisms of the VDR gene did not show distribution differences between H. pylori-positive and -negative groups. The genotype distribution observed for polymorphism BsmI deviated significantly from what was expected in a Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium test in the H. pylori-positive group (χ2=29.048, p<0.001). The distribution of BsmI genotypes differed significantly between the H. pylori-negative and H. pylori-positive groups (p=0.0034), where the frequency of the bb genotype increased among H. pylori-positive individuals compared with those without infection (63.25% versus 50.55%, respectively). Conversely, the H. pylori-negative group showed a Bb frequency that was 20.27% higher than in the infected group. Conclusion We identified a possible association between the BsmI polymorphism and infection by H. pylori. However, further research is required to clarify this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gyselly Cb Matos
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará
| | - Rosane Sp Loiola
- Central Laboratory Pará State, Executive Office of Health Pará State
| | - Vivian D'Annibale
- Epidemiological Surveillance Unit, João de Barros Barreto University Hospital, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Tereza Corvelo
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará
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Ikezaki H, Furusyo N, Jacques PF, Shimizu M, Murata M, Schaefer EJ, Urita Y, Hayashi J. Higher dietary cholesterol and ω-3 fatty acid intakes are associated with a lower success rate of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy in Japan. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 106:581-588. [PMID: 28659302 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.144873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:Helicobacter pylori infection is a known risk factor for duodenal ulcers, gastritis, and gastric cancer. The eradication of H. pylori is successful in treating these disorders; however, the success rate of eradication therapy is declining. There may be an interaction with nutrient intake to account for this decline.Objective: We investigated the influence of food and nutrient intake on H. pylori eradication therapy.Design: In this study, 4014 subjects underwent endoscopy, were tested for serum antibodies to H. pylori (2046 positive; 51.0%), and had their food intake assessed with the use of a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Of the positive subjects, endoscopies showed that 389 (19.0%) had gastritis and/or duodenal ulcers and were also positive for a 13C-urea breath test (UBT). These 389 subjects received 1-wk H. pylori eradication therapy with lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin and a second UBT 8 wk after treatment. Complete demographic characteristics, serum lipid, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and creatinine concentrations as well as complete FFQs were available for 352 subjects. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to determine factors that were associated with successful H. pylori eradication therapy.Results: The success rate of eradication therapy was 60.4% (235 of 389). Factors associated with the failure of eradication therapy included increased age (P = 0.02), higher CRP concentrations (P < 0.01), higher dietary cholesterol (P < 0.01) or egg intake (P < 0.01), higher ω-3 (n-3) fatty acid (P = 0.02) or fish intake (P = 0.01), and higher vitamin D intake (P = 0.02). Moreover, the higher vitamin D intake was strongly linked to higher fish intake. A limitation of the study is that we did not assess the antibiotic resistance of H. pyloriConclusions: Our results indicate that higher egg and fish intake may be negatively correlated with successful H. pylori eradication therapy in H. pylori-positive subjects with gastritis and/or duodenal ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan; .,Kyushu General Internal Medicine Center, Hara-Doi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norihiro Furusyo
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Motohiro Shimizu
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Murata
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ernst J Schaefer
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Yoshihisa Urita
- Department of General Medicine and Emergency Care, Toho University School of Medicine Omori Hospital, Tokyo, Japan; and
| | - Jun Hayashi
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.,Kyushu General Internal Medicine Center, Hara-Doi Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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Chakraborty S, Bhattacharyya R, Banerjee D. Infections: A Possible Risk Factor for Type 2 Diabetes. Adv Clin Chem 2017; 80:227-251. [PMID: 28431641 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the biggest challenges to human health globally, with an estimated 95% of the global diabetic population having type 2 diabetes. Classical causes for type 2 diabetes, such as genetics and obesity, do not account for the high incidence of the disease. Recent data suggest that infections may precipitate insulin resistance via multiple mechanisms, such as the proinflammatory cytokine response, the acute-phase response, and the alteration of the nutrient status. Even pathogen products, such as lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycans, can be diabetogenic. Therefore, we argue that infections that are known to contribute to insulin resistance should be considered as risk factors for type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surajit Chakraborty
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Dibyajyoti Banerjee
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
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Zumla A, Rao M, Wallis RS, Kaufmann SHE, Rustomjee R, Mwaba P, Vilaplana C, Yeboah-Manu D, Chakaya J, Ippolito G, Azhar E, Hoelscher M, Maeurer M. Host-directed therapies for infectious diseases: current status, recent progress, and future prospects. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2016; 16:e47-63. [PMID: 27036359 PMCID: PMC7164794 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(16)00078-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 218] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Despite extensive global efforts in the fight against killer infectious diseases, they still cause one in four deaths worldwide and are important causes of long-term functional disability arising from tissue damage. The continuing epidemics of tuberculosis, HIV, malaria, and influenza, and the emergence of novel zoonotic pathogens represent major clinical management challenges worldwide. Newer approaches to improving treatment outcomes are needed to reduce the high morbidity and mortality caused by infectious diseases. Recent insights into pathogen–host interactions, pathogenesis, inflammatory pathways, and the host's innate and acquired immune responses are leading to identification and development of a wide range of host-directed therapies with different mechanisms of action. Host-directed therapeutic strategies are now becoming viable adjuncts to standard antimicrobial treatment. Host-directed therapies include commonly used drugs for non-communicable diseases with good safety profiles, immunomodulatory agents, biologics (eg monoclonal antibodies), nutritional products, and cellular therapy using the patient's own immune or bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. We discuss clinically relevant examples of progress in identifying host-directed therapies as adjunct treatment options for bacterial, viral, and parasitic infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alimuddin Zumla
- Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London (UCL), London, UK; National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Martin Rao
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Peter Mwaba
- University of Zambia-UCL Medical School (UNZA-UCLMS) Research and Training Project, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia; Ministry of Health, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Cris Vilaplana
- Unitat de Tuberculosi Experimental Fundació Institut d'Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias, Can Ruti Campus, Edifici Laboratoris de Recerca, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dorothy Yeboah-Manu
- Bacteriology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | | | - Giuseppe Ippolito
- National Institute for Infectious Diseases, Lazzaro Spallanzani, Rome, Italy
| | - Esam Azhar
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, and Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael Hoelscher
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Medical Centre of the University of Munich, Munich, Germany; DZIF German Centre for Infection Research, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Maeurer
- Division of Therapeutic Immunology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Chen LW, Chien CY, Hsieh CW, Chang LC, Huang MH, Huang WY, Kuo SF, Chien CH, Lin CL, Chien RN. The Associations Between Helicobacter pylori Infection, Serum Vitamin D, and Metabolic Syndrome: A Community-Based Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2016; 95:e3616. [PMID: 27149497 PMCID: PMC4863814 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000003616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The associations between Helicobacter pylori infection, serum vitamin D level, and metabolic syndrome (MS) are controversial. The present community-based study aimed to investigate the effect of H pylori infection and serum vitamin D deficiency on MS development.Individuals from the northeastern region of Taiwan were enrolled in a community-based study from March, 2014 to August, 2015. All participants completed a demographic survey and underwent the urea breath test (UBT) to detect H pylori infection as well as blood tests to determine levels of vitamin D, adiponectin, leptin, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. The ATP III criteria for MS were used in this study.A total of 792 men and 1321 women were enrolled. The mean age was 56.4 ± 13.0 years. After adjusting for age and sex, the estimated odds of MS development for a UBT-positive subject were 1.503 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.206-1.872, P < 0.001) when compared to a UBT-negative subject. For participants with vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL), the odds of MS development were 1.423 (95% CI: 1.029-1.967, P = 0.033) when compared to those with sufficient vitamin D level (>30 ng/mL). For participants with both H pylori infection and vitamin D deficiency, the odds of MS development were 2.140 (95% CI: 1.348-3.398, P = 0.001) when compared to subjects without H pylori infection and with sufficient vitamin D levels.H pylori infection and vitamin D deficiency could be predictors of MS. For individuals with both H pylori infection and vitamin D deficiency, the odds of MS development were 2.140 when compared to individuals without H pylori infection and with sufficient vitamin D levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Chen
- From the Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (L-WC, C-HC, C-LL, R-NC), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung, Taiwan; Community Medicine Research Center (L-WC, C-YC, CWH, S-FK, C-HC, C-LL, R-NC), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Anatomic Pathology (L-CC, M-HH, W-YH), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung, Taiwan; and Metabolism and Endocrinology (S-FK), Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital and University, Keelung, Taiwan
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Kwon KY, Jo KD, Lee MK, Oh M, Kim EN, Park J, Kim JS, Youn J, Oh E, Kim HT, Oh MY, Jang W. Low Serum Vitamin D Levels May Contribute to Gastric Dysmotility in de novo Parkinson's Disease. NEURODEGENER DIS 2016; 16:199-205. [PMID: 26735311 DOI: 10.1159/000441917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Gastrointestinal dysfunction is a common non motor symptom in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the potential association between vitamin D and gastroparesis in PD has not been previously investigated. The aim of this study was to compare vitamin D levels between drug-naive de novo PD patients with normal gastric emptying and those with delayed gastric emptying. METHODS Fifty-one patients with drug-naive de novo PD and 20 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Gastric emptying time (GET) was assessed by scintigraphy, and gastric emptying half-time (T1/2) was determined. The PD patients were divided into a delayed-GET group and a normal-GET group. RESULTS The serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels were decreased in the delayed-GET group compared with the normal-GET and control groups (11.59 ± 4.90 vs. 19.43 ± 6.91 and 32.69 ± 4.93, respectively, p < 0.01). In the multivariate model, the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 level was independently associated with delayed gastric emptying in PD patients. CONCLUSIONS Vitamin D status may be an independent factor for gastric dysmotility in PD. Although the underlying mechanism remains to be characterized, vitamin D status may play a role in the pathogenesis of delayed gastric emptying in drug-naive PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ki Young Kwon
- Department of Neurology, Gangneung Asan Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Gangneung, Republic of Korea
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Bashir M, Prietl B, Tauschmann M, Mautner SI, Kump PK, Treiber G, Wurm P, Gorkiewicz G, Högenauer C, Pieber TR. Effects of high doses of vitamin D3 on mucosa-associated gut microbiome vary between regions of the human gastrointestinal tract. Eur J Nutr 2015; 55:1479-89. [PMID: 26130323 PMCID: PMC4875045 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-0966-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D is well known for its effects on bone mineralisation but has also been attributed immunomodulatory properties. It positively influences human health, but in vivo data describing vitamin D effects on the human gut microbiome are missing. We aimed to investigate the effects of oral vitamin D3 supplementation on the human mucosa-associated and stool microbiome as well as CD8(+) T cells in healthy volunteers. METHODS This was an interventional, open-label, pilot study. Sixteen healthy volunteers (7 females, 9 males) were endoscopically examined to access a total of 7 sites. We sampled stomach, small bowel, colon, and stools before and after 8 weeks of vitamin D3 supplementation. Bacterial composition was assessed by pyrosequencing the 16S rRNA gene (V1-2), and CD8(+) T cell counts were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS Vitamin D3 supplementation changed the gut microbiome in the upper GI tract (gastric corpus, antrum, and duodenum). We found a decreased relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria including Pseudomonas spp. and Escherichia/Shigella spp. and increased bacterial richness. No major changes occurred in the terminal ileum, appendiceal orifice, ascending colon, and sigmoid colon or in stools, but the CD8(+) T cell fraction was significantly increased in the terminal ileum. CONCLUSION Vitamin D3 modulates the gut microbiome of the upper GI tract which might explain its positive influence on gastrointestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease or bacterial infections. The local effects of vitamin D demonstrate pronounced regional differences in the response of the GI microbiome to external factors, which should be considered in future studies investigating the human microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Bashir
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Barbara Prietl
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin Tauschmann
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Selma I Mautner
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Patrizia K Kump
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gerlies Treiber
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria
| | - Philipp Wurm
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Christoph Högenauer
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
| | - Thomas R Pieber
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria.
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Complexity of antimicrobial peptide regulation during pathogen-host interactions. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2014; 45:447-54. [PMID: 25532742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a key component of the immune system and are expressed by a large variety of organisms. AMPs are capable of eliminating a broad range of micro-organisms, illustrated by murine models where lack of AMP expression resulted in enhanced susceptibility to infection. Despite the importance of AMPs in immune defences, it is not clear whether a change in AMP expression is pathogen-specific or reflects a general response to groups of pathogens. Furthermore, it is unclear how the evoked change in AMP expression affects the host. To fully exploit the therapeutic potential of AMPs - by direct application of peptides or by using AMP-inducers - it is crucial to gain an insight into the complexity involved in pathogen-mediated regulation of AMP expression. This review summarises current knowledge on how AMP expression is affected by pathogens. In addition, the relevance and specificity of these changes in AMPs during infection will be discussed.
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