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Lv N, Zhai S, Xiong J, Hu N, Guo X, Liu Z, Zhang R. Enhanced-permeability delivery system for hydroxyl radical-responsive NIR-II fluorescence-monitored thrombolytic therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 245:114193. [PMID: 39241635 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Pathological thrombus can cause serious acute diseases that present a significant threat to human health, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Challenges remain in achieving effective thrombolysis and real-time monitoring of therapeutic effects while minimizing side effects. Herein,a multifunctional nanoplatform (TG-OPDEA@UK/MnO2-H1080) with enhanced thrombus-permeability was developed to monitor the therapeutic effect of antioxidant-thrombolysis by hydroxyl radical-responsive NIR-II fluorescence imaging. The polyzwitterion poly (oxidized N,N-Diethylaminoethyl methacrylate-co-n-butyl methacrylate) (OPDEA) was prepared as the matrix of nanoparticles to simultaneously loading urokinase (UK) and MnO2 QDs, as well as NIR-II fluorescent molecule, H-1080. Subsequently, the fibrin targeted peptide CREKA was modified on the surface of the nanoparticles. OPDEA exhibits efficient loading capacity while endowing nanoparticles with the ability to effectively increased penetration depth of UK by 94.1 % into the thrombus, for extensive thrombolysis and fluorescence monitoring. The loaded UK exhibited good thrombolytic effect and greatly reduced the risk of bleeding by 82.6 %. TG-OPDEA@UK/MnO2-H1080 showed good thrombolytic efficacy and specific thrombus monitoring in the mouse carotid artery thrombosis model induced by ferric chloride (FeCl3). This work prepares a nanoplatform for thrombolytic therapy and real-time efficacy assessment based on an independent externally forced thrombus penetration delivery strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Lv
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Shaodong Zhai
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China; Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan 030032, China.
| | - Jun Xiong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Xiang Guo
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Zhida Liu
- Shanxi Academy of Advanced Research and Innovation, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Ruiping Zhang
- The Radiology Department of Shanxi Provincial Peoples Hospital, The Fifth Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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Huang Y, Wang J, Guo Y, Park SY, Yang H, Lu A, Li Y, Chen R. Selective binding of cationic fibrinogen-mimicking chitosan nanoparticles to activated platelets and efficient drug release for antithrombotic therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 268:131742. [PMID: 38653430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Thrombosis is the main cause of catastrophic events including ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction and pulmonary embolism. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) therapy offers a desirable approach to antithrombosis through a reduction of platelet reactivity. However, major bleeding complications, severe off-target side effects, and resistance or nonresponse to ASA greatly attenuate its clinical outcomes. Herein, we report a cationic fibrinogen-mimicking nanoparticle, denoted as ASA-RGD-CS@TPP, to achieve activated-platelet-targeted delivery and efficient release of ASA for safer and more effective antithrombotic therapy. This biomimetic antithrombotic system was prepared by one-pot ionic gelation between cationic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-grafted chitosan (RGD-CS) and anionic tripolyphosphate (TPP). The platform exhibited selective binding to activated platelets, leading to efficient release of ASA and subsequent attenuation of platelet functions, including the remarkable inhibition of platelet aggregation through a potent blockage of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). After intravenous administration, ASA-RGD-CS@TPP displayed significantly prolonged circulation time and successful prevention of thrombosis in a mouse model. ASA-RGD-CS@TPP was demonstrated to significantly enhance antithrombotic therapy while showing minimal coagulation and hemorrhagic risks and excellent biocompatibility in vivo as compared to free ASA. This platform provides a simple, safe, effective and targeted strategy for the development of antithrombotic nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, PR China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Jiahua Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, PR China
| | - Seun Young Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Hongtian Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Annabelle Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai 200233, PR China.
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
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Fabunmi OA, Dludla PV, Nkambule BB. High-fat diet promotes coagulation and endothelial activation in Sprague Dawley rats: Short-term effects of combined oral contraceptives. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS : PUBLICACION OFICIAL DE LA SOCIEDAD ESPANOLA DE ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2024; 36:60-70. [PMID: 37949735 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined oral contraceptives (COCs), use in individuals are associated with increased risk of thrombotic events. This highlights the significance of assessing the impact of COC on promoting coagulation and endothelial activation in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed Sprague Dawley rats. METHODS Twenty (20) five-weeks-old female Sprague Dawley rats weighing between 150 and 200g were subjected to both LFD and HFD-feeding for 8-weeks to determine its influence on basic metabolic status, hemostatic profile, hemodynamic parameters (blood pressure and heart rate), as well as selected biomarkers of coagulation (tissue factor and D-dimer) and endothelial activation (Von Willebrand factor and nitric oxide). Thereafter HFD-fed animals were treated with receive high dose combined oral contraceptive (HCOC) and low dose combine oral contraceptive (LCOC) for 6 weeks. RESULTS Our results showed that beyond weight gain, HFD-feeding was associated with hyperglycemia, increased mean arterial pressure, and reduced nitric oxide levels when compared with LFD group (p<0.05). Interestingly, treatment with high dose of COC for 6-weeks did not significantly alter atherothrombotic markers (p>0.05). However, this study is not without limitation as regulation of these markers remains to be confirmed within the cardiac tissues or endothelial cells of these animals. CONCLUSION HFD-feeding orchestrate the concomitant release of pro-coagulants and endothelial activation markers in rats leading to haemostatic imbalance and endothelial dysfunction. Short-term treatment with COC shows no detrimental effects in these HFD-fed rats. Although in terms of clinical relevance, our findings depict the notion that the risk of CVD in association with COC may depend on the dosage and duration of use among other factors especially in certain conditions. However, additional studies are required to confirm these findings, especially long-term effects of this treatment within the cardiac tissues or endothelial cells of these animals in certain conditions relating to postmenopausal state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oyesanmi A Fabunmi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa; Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Ekiti State University, Ado-Ekiti 5363, Nigeria
| | - Phiwayinkosi V Dludla
- Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Tygerberg 7505, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3880, South Africa
| | - Bongani B Nkambule
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences (SLMMS), College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa.
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Ndungu K, Thuita J, Murilla G, Kagira J, Auma J, Mireji P, Ngae G, Okumu P, Gitonga P, Guya S, Mdachi R. The pathogenicity of blood stream and central nervous system forms of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense trypanosomes in laboratory mice: a comparative study. F1000Res 2023; 11:260. [PMID: 38162635 PMCID: PMC10755267 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.75518.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) develops in two stages namely early stage when trypanosomes are found in the blood and late stage when trypanosomes are found in the central nervous system (CNS). The two environments are different with CNS environment reported as being hostile to the trypanosomes than the blood environment. The clinical symptoms manifested by the disease in the two environments are different. Information on whether blood stream are pathologically different from CNS trypanosomes is lacking. This study undertook to compare the inter-isolate pathological differences caused by bloodstream forms (BSF) and central nervous system (CNS) of five Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense ( Tbr) isolates in Swiss white mice. Methods: Donor mice infected with each of the five isolates were euthanized at 21 days post infection (DPI) for recovery of BSF trypanosomes in heart blood and CNS trypanosomes in brain supernatants. Groups of Swiss white mice (n = 10) were then infected with BSF or CNS forms of each isolate and monitored for parasitaemia, packed cell volume (PCV), body weight, survivorship, trypanosome length, gross and histopathology characteristics. Results: Amplification of SRA gene prior to trypanosome morphology and pathogenicity studies confirmed all isolates as T. b. rhodesiense. At 21 DPI, CNS trypanosomes were predominantly long slender (LS) while BSF were a mixture of short stumpy and intermediate forms. The density of BSF trypanosomes was on average 2-3 log-scales greater than that of CNS trypanosomes with isolate KETRI 2656 having the highest CNS trypanosome density. Conclusions: The pathogenicity study revealed clear differences in the virulence/pathogenicity of the five (5) isolates but no distinct and consistent differences between CNS and BSF forms of the same isolate. We also identified KETRI 2656 as a suitable isolate for acute menigo- encephalitic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kariuki Ndungu
- Biochemistry, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi, P.O. Box 362 -00902, Kenya
| | - John Thuita
- Animal Science, Meru University of Science and Technology, Meru, P.O Box, 972-60200, Kenya
| | - Grace Murilla
- Administration, KAG East University, Nairobi, P.O.BOX 46328-00100, Kenya
| | - John Kagira
- Animal Science, Jomo Keyatta University of Science and Technology, Nairobi, P.O. Box 62000–00200, Kenya
| | - Joanna Auma
- Biochemistry, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi, P.O. Box 362 -00902, Kenya
| | - Paul Mireji
- Bioinformatics, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research, Kilifi, P. O. Box 428-80108, Kenya
| | - Geoffrey Ngae
- Food Crops Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi, P. O. Box 30148-00200, Kenya
| | - Paul Okumu
- Veterinary Pathology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197-00100, Kenya
| | - Purity Gitonga
- Biochemistry, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi, P.O. Box 362 -00902, Kenya
| | - Samuel Guya
- Biochemistry, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi, P.O. Box 362 -00902, Kenya
| | - Raymond Mdachi
- Biochemistry, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi, P.O. Box 362 -00902, Kenya
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Wang Y, Jian C, Long Y, Xu X, Song Y, Yin Z. H 2O 2-triggered "off/on signal" nanoparticles target P-selectin for the non-invasive and contrast-enhanced theranostics for arterial thrombosis. Acta Biomater 2023; 158:769-781. [PMID: 36565786 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pathological coagulation within an injured artery and the subsequent cardiovascular complications, such as stroke and heart attack, greatly threaten human life. Inspired by the biochemical features of acute arterial thrombosis, such as abundant activated platelets and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), we constructed platelet-targeted theranostic nanoparticles (CyBA/PFM NPs) with H2O2-triggered photoacoustic contrast enhancement and antithrombotic capabilities. CyBA/PFM NPs were designed to target platelet-rich clots via fucoidan segment within the carrier, which could be activated by H2O2 to produce fluorescent "CyOH" molecules, thus turning on the photoacoustic signal. CyBA/PFM NPs showed obvious amplification of fluorescence following incubation with fresh clots, exhibiting efficient scavenging ability of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). In a FeCl3-induced mouse model of carotid thrombosis, CyBA/PFM NPs significantly amplified the photoacoustic contrast in thrombogenic tissues, effectively eliminated ROS within the occlusion site, and suppressed the thrombus formation, accompanied by a normalization of the soluble CD40L level. Given their accurate imaging potential, potent antithrombotic activities and acceptable biosafety, CyBA/PFM NPs hold strong potential as nanoscale theranostics for H2O2-correlated cardiovascular diseases. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we developed a platelet-targeted and H2O2-triggered nanosystem self-assembled from phenylboronated fucoidan/maltodextrin polymers and responsive near-infrared probes. The fucoidan segment within the carrier could facilitate the specific delivery of the therapeutic polymers and probes to the platelet-rich arterial thrombus. In a mouse model of FeCl3-induced arterial thrombosis, the system could be activated by H2O2 to produce fluorescent "CyOH" molecules, thus turning on the photoacoustic signal and specifically imaging thrombosed tissues. Besides, CyBA/PFM NPs significantly effectively eliminated ROS within the occlusion site and suppressed the thrombus formation. Given their theranostic potential and acceptable biosafety, this system has great potential for H2O2-correlated cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China
| | - Chuanjiang Jian
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yiqing Long
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xiaowen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yang Song
- Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - Zongning Yin
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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6
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Lapointe C, Vincent L, Giguère H, Auger-Messier M, Schwertani A, Jin D, Takai S, Pejler G, Sirois MG, Tinel H, Heitmeier S, D'Orléans-Juste P. Chymase Inhibition Resolves and Prevents Deep Vein Thrombosis Without Increasing Bleeding Time in the Mouse Model. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e028056. [PMID: 36752268 PMCID: PMC10111474 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Background Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the primary cause of pulmonary embolism and the third most life-threatening cardiovascular disease in North America. Post-DVT anticoagulants, such as warfarin, heparin, and direct oral anticoagulants, reduce the incidence of subsequent venous thrombi. However, all currently used anticoagulants affect bleeding time at various degrees, and there is therefore a need for improved therapeutic regimens in DVT. It has recently been shown that mast cells play a crucial role in a DVT murine model. The underlying mechanism involved in the prothrombotic properties of mast cells, however, has yet to be identified. Methods and Results C57BL/6 mice and mouse mast cell protease-4 (mMCP-4) genetically depleted mice (mMCP-4 knockout) were used in 2 mouse models of DVT, partial ligation (stenosis) and ferric chloride-endothelial injury model of the inferior vena cava. Thrombus formation and impact of genetically repressed or pharmacologically (specific inhibitor TY-51469) inhibited mMCP-4 were evaluated by morphometric measurements of thrombi immunochemistry (mouse and human DVT), color Doppler ultrasound, bleeding times, and enzymatic activity assays ex vivo. Recombinant chymases, mMCP-4 (mouse) and CMA-1 (human), were used to characterize the interaction with murine and human plasmin, respectively, by mass spectrometry and enzymatic activity assays. Inhibiting mast cell-generated mMCP-4, genetically or pharmacologically, resolves and prevents venous thrombus formation in both DVT models. Inferior vena cava blood flow obstruction was observed in the stenosis model after 6 hours of ligation, in control- but not in TY-51469-treated mice. In addition, chymase inhibition had no impact on bleeding times of healthy or DVT mice. Furthermore, endogenous chymase limits plasmin activity in thrombi ex vivo. Recombinant mouse or human chymase degrades/inactivates purified plasmin in vitro. Finally, mast cell-containing immunoreactive chymase was identified in human DVT. Conclusions This study identified a major role for mMCP-4, a granule-localized protease of chymase type, in DVT formation. These findings support a novel pharmacological strategy to resolve or prevent DVT without affecting the coagulation cascade through the inhibition of chymase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Lapointe
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | - Laurence Vincent
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | - Hugo Giguère
- Department of Medicine, Service of Cardiology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | - Mannix Auger-Messier
- Department of Medicine, Service of Cardiology, Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
| | | | - Denan Jin
- Department of Innovative Medicine Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Osaka Japan
| | - Shinji Takai
- Department of Innovative Medicine Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Osaka Japan
| | - Gunnar Pejler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala University BMC Uppsala Sweden
| | - Martin G Sirois
- Montréal Heart Institute and Department of Pharmacology and Physiology Université de Montréal Montréal, QC Canada
| | - Hanna Tinel
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals Wuppertal Germany
| | - Stefan Heitmeier
- Bayer AG, Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals Wuppertal Germany
| | - Pedro D'Orléans-Juste
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology and Faculté de Médecine et des Sciences de la Santé Université de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC Canada
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Jeon C, Jun H, Kim S, Song N, Yang M, Lim C, Lee D. Clot-Targeted Antithrombotic Liposomal Nanomedicine Containing High Content of H 2O 2-Activatable Hybrid Prodrugs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:8999-9009. [PMID: 36749947 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c20750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes have been extensively explored as drug carriers, but their clinical translation has been hampered by their low drug-loading content and premature leakage of drug payloads. It was reasoned that vesicle-forming prodrugs could be incorporated into the lipid bilayer at a high molar fraction and therefore serve as a therapeutic agent as well as a structural component in liposomal nanomedicine. Boronated retinoic acid (BORA) was developed as a prodrug, which can self-assemble with common lipids to form liposomes at a high molar fraction (40%) and release all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) and hydroxybenzyl alcohol (HBA) simultaneously, in response to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Here, we report fucoidan-coated BORA-incorporated liposomes (f-BORALP) as clot-targeted antithrombotic liposomal nanomedicine with H2O2-triggered multiple therapeutic actions. In the mouse model of carotid arterial thrombosis, f-BORALP preferentially accumulated in the injured blood vessel and significantly suppressed thrombus formation, demonstrating their potential as targeted antithrombotic nanomedicine. This study also provides valuable insight into the development of vesicle-forming and self-immolative prodrugs to exploit the benefits of liposomal drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanhee Jeon
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayoung Jun
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyeon Kim
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Nanhee Song
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Manseok Yang
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Changjin Lim
- Department of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongwon Lee
- Department of Bionanotechnology and Bioconvergence Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
- Department of Polymer-Nano Science and Technology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Chonbuk 54896, Republic of Korea
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8
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Huang Y, Jiang J, Ren J, Guo Y, Zhao Q, Zhou J, Li Y, Chen R. A Fibrinogen-Mimicking, Activated-Platelet-Sensitive Nanocoacervate Enhances Thrombus Targeting and Penetration of Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Effective Thrombolytic Therapy. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2201265. [PMID: 35864062 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202201265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The development of a fibrinolytic system with long circulation time, high thrombus targeting, efficient thrombus penetration, effective thrombolysis, and minimal hemorrhagic risk remains a major challenge. Herein, inspired by fibrinogen binding to activated platelets in thrombosis, this article reports a fibrinogen-mimicking, activated-platelet-sensitive nanocoacervate to enhance thrombus penetration of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for targeted thrombolytic therapy. This biomimetic nanothrombolytic system, denoted as RGD-Chi@tPA, is constructed by "one-pot" coacervation through electrostatic interactions between positively charged arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD)-grafted chitosan (RGD-Chi) and negatively charged tPA. Flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy measurements show targeting of RGD-Chi@tPA to activated platelets. Controlled tPA release triggered by activated platelets at a thrombus site is demonstrated. Its targeted fibrinolytic and thrombolytic activities are measured in in vitro models. The pharmacokinetic profiles show that RGD-Chi@tPA can significantly prolong circulation time compared to free tPA. In a mouse tail thrombus model, RGD-Chi@tPA displays efficient thrombus targeting and penetration, enabling a complete vascular recanalization as confirmed by the fluorescence imaging, histochemical assay, and laser speckle contrast imager. Consequently, RGD-Chi@tPA induces a substantial enhancement in thrombolysis with minimal hemorrhagic risk compared to free tPA. This simple, effective, and safe platform holds great promise for the development of thrombolytic nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jingxuan Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Radiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, P. R. China
| | - Rongjun Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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9
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Chu JMT, Abulimiti A, Wong BSH, Zhao GD, Xiong SH, Zhao MM, Wang Y, Chen Y, Wang J, Zhang Y, Chang RCC, Yu H, Wong GTC. Sigesbeckia orientalis L. Derived Active Fraction Ameliorates Perioperative Neurocognitive Disorders Through Alleviating Hippocampal Neuroinflammation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:846631. [PMID: 35370714 PMCID: PMC8969099 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.846631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is closely related to the pathogenesis of perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs), which is characterized by the activation of microglia, inflammatory pathways and the release of inflammatory mediators. Sigesbeckia orientalis L. (SO) is a traditional Chinese medicine which demonstrates anti-inflammatory activities in different models. In this study, we aim to isolate the active fraction from the extract of SO with higher anti-inflammatory potential and confirm if the selected fraction exerts neuroprotection against the development of PND in an animal model. Moreover, the components in the selected fraction would be determined by UPLC-PDA analysis. Three fractions were prepared by column chromatography packed with three different macroporous resins. Anti-inflammatory activities of prepared fractions were accessed in microglial BV2 cultures by nitric oxide release, gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and activation of inflammatory JNK and NF-kB pathway molecules. Our results demonstrated that the fraction prepared from D101 macroporous resin (D101 fraction) exhibited a more potent anti-neuroinflammatory effect. The neuroprotective effect of D101 fraction was further examined in postoperative mice. Our results showed that surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction was attenuated by the D101 fraction treatment. This fraction also reduced microglial activation, inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting JNK and NF-kB pathway molecules in the hippocampus. In addition, surgery induced dendritic spine loss while D101 fraction ameliorated the spine loss in the hippocampus. For safety concerns, anti-thrombotic effect was examined by tail bleeding assay and no significant change of the bleeding pattern was found. UPLC-PDA analysis indicated that flavonoids (rutin, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C) and terpenoid (darutoside) were the most important components in the D101 fraction. Our results support a therapeutic, as well as the translational potential for D101 fraction in ameliorating postoperative neuroinflammation and subsequent PND in the clinical setting without increasing bleeding tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Man Tak Chu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Amina Abulimiti
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Brian Shing Hei Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guan Ding Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, The University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Shi Hang Xiong
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, The University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Ming Ming Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, The University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Yingyi Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Raymond Chuen Chung Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, The University of Macau, Taipa, China
| | - Gordon Tin Chun Wong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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10
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Mohammed BM, Cheng Q, Ivanov IS, Gailani D. Murine Models in the Evaluation of Heparan Sulfate-Based Anticoagulants. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2303:789-805. [PMID: 34626423 PMCID: PMC8552346 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1398-6_59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Evaluating prospective anticoagulant therapies in animal thrombosis and bleeding models are standard pre-clinical approaches. Mice are frequently used for initial evaluations because a variety of models have been developed in this well-characterized species, and mice are relatively inexpensive to maintain. Because mice seem to be resistant to forming "spontaneous" thrombosis, vessel injury is used to induce intravascular clot formation. For the purpose of testing heparin-based drugs, we adapted a well-established model in which thrombus formation in the carotid artery is induced by exposing the vessel to ferric chloride. For studying anticoagulant effects on venous thrombosis, we use a model in which the inferior vena cava is ligated and the size of the resulting clots are measured. The most common adverse effect of anticoagulation therapy is bleeding. We describe a simple tail bleeding time that has been used for many years to study the effects of anticoagulants on hemostasis. We also describe a more reproducible, but more technically challenging, saphenous vein bleeding model that is also used for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem M Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Doisy Research Center, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qiufang Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ivan S Ivanov
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David Gailani
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
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11
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Chiang CS, Kao YC, Webster TJ, Shyu WC, Cheng HW, Liu TY, Chen SY. Circulating tumor-cell-targeting Au-nanocage-mediated bimodal phototherapeutic properties enriched by magnetic nanocores. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:5460-5471. [PMID: 32462165 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00501k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis resulting from circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is associated with 90% of all cancer mortality. To disrupt cancer dissemination, therapeutic targeting of CTCs by extracorporeal photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged; however, it still remains impractical due to its limited therapeutic window. Herein, we developed a photosensitive and magnetic targeted core-satellite nanomedicine (TCSN) to augment the light-induced damage to the targeted cells. The magnetic nanocore (MNC) with multiple iron oxide nanoparticles stabilized using thiolated polyvinyl alcohol can magnetize the CTCs to achieve magnetic enrichment under a magnetic field. Multiple gold nanocage (AuNC) satellites were conjugated on the MNC to facilitate bimodal photothermal therapy and PDT. Adjusting the thiol content in the MNC allows manipulating the AuNC density on TCSNs, which has been found to demonstrate a density-dependent bimodal phototherapeutic effect under laser irradiation at 808 and 940 nm. Moreover, with the immobilization of anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (anti-EpCAM), TCSN exhibited an enhanced affinity toward EpCAM-expressing 4T1 cells. We demonstrate that TCSN-labeled 4T1 cells can be isolated and photo-eradicated in a microfluidic channel with a dynamic flow. Our studies showed that TCSN with the complementary properties of MNC and AuNCs can largely augment the therapeutic window by magnetic enrichment and bimodal phototherapy, serving as an advanced extracorporeal strategy to remove CTCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Sheng Chiang
- Cell Therapy Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Che Kao
- Materials Engineering/School of Materials, The University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK.
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Woei-Cherng Shyu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40440, Taiwan.
| | - Hung-Wei Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
| | - Tse-Ying Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming University, Taipei City 112, Taiwan.
| | - San-Yuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40440, Taiwan. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. and Frontier Research Centre on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan and School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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12
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Suárez H, Andreu Z, Mazzeo C, Toribio V, Pérez‐Rivera AE, López‐Martín S, García‐Silva S, Hurtado B, Morato E, Peláez L, Arribas EA, Tolentino‐Cortez T, Barreda‐Gómez G, Marina AI, Peinado H, Yáñez‐Mó M. CD9 inhibition reveals a functional connection of extracellular vesicle secretion with mitophagy in melanoma cells. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12082. [PMID: 34012515 PMCID: PMC8114031 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetraspanins are often used as Extracellular Vesicle (EV) detection markers because of their abundance on these secreted vesicles. However, data on their function on EV biogenesis are controversial and compensatory mechanisms often occur upon gene deletion. To overcome this handicap, we have compared the effects of tetraspanin CD9 gene deletion with those elicited by cytopermeable peptides with blocking properties against tetraspanin CD9. Both CD9 peptide or gene deletion reduced the number of early endosomes. CD9 peptide induced an increase in lysosome numbers, while CD9 deletion augmented the number of MVB and EV secretion, probably because of compensatory CD63 expression upregulation. In vivo, CD9 peptide delayed primary tumour cell growth and reduced metastasis size. These effects on cell proliferation were shown to be concomitant with an impairment in mitochondrial quality control. CD9 KO cells were able to compensate the mitochondrial malfunction by increasing total mitochondrial mass reducing mitophagy. Our data thus provide the first evidence for a functional connection of tetraspanin CD9 with mitophagy in melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henar Suárez
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | - Zoraida Andreu
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | - Carla Mazzeo
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | - Víctor Toribio
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | | | - Soraya López‐Martín
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
| | | | - Begoña Hurtado
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO)MadridSpain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Héctor Peinado
- Spanish National Cancer Research Centre (CNIO)MadridSpain
| | - María Yáñez‐Mó
- Departamento de Biología MolecularUniversidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo OchoaInstituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa (IIS‐IP)MadridSpain
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13
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Ma CIJ, Burgess J, Brill JA. Maturing secretory granules: Where secretory and endocytic pathways converge. Adv Biol Regul 2021; 80:100807. [PMID: 33866198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2021.100807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Secretory granules (SGs) are specialized organelles responsible for the storage and regulated release of various biologically active molecules from the endocrine and exocrine systems. Thus, proper SG biogenesis is critical to normal animal physiology. Biogenesis of SGs starts at the trans-Golgi network (TGN), where immature SGs (iSGs) bud off and undergo maturation before fusing with the plasma membrane (PM). How iSGs mature is unclear, but emerging studies have suggested an important role for the endocytic pathway. The requirement for endocytic machinery in SG maturation blurs the line between SGs and another class of secretory organelles called lysosome-related organelles (LROs). Therefore, it is important to re-evaluate the differences and similarities between SGs and LROs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-I Jonathan Ma
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, PGCRL Building, Room 15.9716, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 2374, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jason Burgess
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, PGCRL Building, Room 15.9716, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 4396, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Julie A Brill
- Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, PGCRL Building, Room 15.9716, 686 Bay Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 2374, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 4396, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8, Canada.
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14
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Functionalized polymeric hybrid micelles as an efficient nanotheranostic agent for thrombus imaging and thrombolysis. Acta Biomater 2021; 122:278-290. [PMID: 33359293 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pathological thrombosis within a vessel hampers blood flow and is the mainspring of numerous fatal cardiovascular complications. In order to specifically image and dissolve a thrombus, we rationally designed a functionalized polymeric hybrid micelle (PHM) system self-assembled from amphiphilic polycaprolactone-polyethylenimine (PCL-PEI) and polycaprolactone-polyethylene glycol (PCL-PEG). Based on a biological component of thrombi, activated coagulation factor XIII (FXIIIa), which is responsible for fibrin crosslinking, we further developed FXIIIa-targeted near infrared imaging and thrombolytic nanoparticles, termed IR780/FPHM/LK NPs, through chemical conjugation of peptides to the system. In a ferric chloride (FeCl3)-induced mouse carotid thrombosis model, IR780/FPHM/LK NPs specifically targeted the thrombus and significantly enhanced the photoacoustic signal for an accurate diagnosis. When loaded with the fibrinolytic drug lumbrokinase (LK), FPHM remarkably dissociated the thrombus accompanied by an increase in the d-dimer level, a fibrin degradation product, and alleviation of fatal nonspecific hemorrhagic risk. Given its thrombus-specific imaging along with potent therapeutic activities, IR780/FPHM/LK NPs hold promise for developing nanotheranostic agents in preclinical thrombotic vascular disease models.
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15
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Ndung’u K, Murilla GA, Thuita JK, Ngae GN, Auma JE, Gitonga PK, Thungu DK, Kurgat RK, Chemuliti JK, Mdachi RE. Differential virulence of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense isolates does not influence the outcome of treatment with anti-trypanosomal drugs in the mouse model. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229060. [PMID: 33151938 PMCID: PMC7643984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the virulence and anti-trypanosomal drug sensitivity patterns of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense (Tbr) isolates in the Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization-Biotechnology Research Institute (KALRO-BioRI) cryobank. Specifically, the study focused on Tbr clones originally isolated from the western Kenya/eastern Uganda focus of human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT). Twelve (12) Tbr clones were assessed for virulence using groups(n = 10) of Swiss White Mice monitored for 60 days post infection (dpi). Based on survival time, four classes of virulence were identified: (a) very-acute: 0-15, (b) acute: 16-30, (c) sub-acute: 31-45 and (d) chronic: 46-60 dpi. Other virulence biomarkers identified included: pre-patent period (pp), parasitaemia progression, packed cell volume (PCV) and body weight changes. The test Tbr clones together with KALRO-BioRi reference drug-resistant and drug sensitive isolates were then tested for sensitivity to melarsoprol (mel B), pentamidine, diminazene aceturate and suramin, using mice groups (n = 5) treated with single doses of each drug at 24 hours post infection. Our results showed that the clones were distributed among four classes of virulence as follows: 3/12 (very-acute), 3/12 (acute), 2/12 (sub-acute) and 4/12 (chronic) isolates. Differences in survivorship, parasitaemia progression and PCV were significant (P<0.001) and correlated. The isolate considered to be drug resistant at KALRO-BioRI, KETRI 2538, was confirmed to be resistant to melarsoprol, pentamidine and diminazene aceturate but it was not resistant to suramin. A cure rate of at least 80% was achieved for all test isolates with melarsoprol (1mg/Kg and 20 mg/kg), pentamidine (5 and 20 mg/kg), diminazene aceturate (5 mg/kg) and suramin (5 mg/kg) indicating that the isolates were not resistant to any of the drugs despite the differences in virulence. This study provides evidence of variations in virulence of Tbr clones from a single HAT focus and confirms that this variations is not a significant determinant of isolate sensitivity to anti-trypanosomal drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kariuki Ndung’u
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
- * E-mail:
| | - Grace Adira Murilla
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
- KAG EAST University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - John Kibuthu Thuita
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
- Meru University of Science and Technology, Meru, Kenya
| | - Geoffrey Njuguna Ngae
- Food Crops Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Joanna Eseri Auma
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
| | - Purity Kaari Gitonga
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
| | - Daniel Kahiga Thungu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
| | - Richard Kiptum Kurgat
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
| | - Judith Kusimba Chemuliti
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
| | - Raymond Ellie Mdachi
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural and Livestock Research Organization, Kikuyu, Kenya
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16
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Bray MA, Sartain SE, Gollamudi J, Rumbaut RE. Microvascular thrombosis: experimental and clinical implications. Transl Res 2020; 225:105-130. [PMID: 32454092 PMCID: PMC7245314 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A significant amount of clinical and research interest in thrombosis is focused on large vessels (eg, stroke, myocardial infarction, deep venous thrombosis, etc.); however, thrombosis is often present in the microcirculation in a variety of significant human diseases, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombotic microangiopathy, sickle cell disease, and others. Further, microvascular thrombosis has recently been demonstrated in patients with COVID-19, and has been proposed to mediate the pathogenesis of organ injury in this disease. In many of these conditions, microvascular thrombosis is accompanied by inflammation, an association referred to as thromboinflammation. In this review, we discuss endogenous regulatory mechanisms that prevent thrombosis in the microcirculation, experimental approaches to induce microvascular thrombi, and clinical conditions associated with microvascular thrombosis. A greater understanding of the links between inflammation and thrombosis in the microcirculation is anticipated to provide optimal therapeutic targets for patients with diseases accompanied by microvascular thrombosis.
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Key Words
- adamts13, a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13
- ap, alternate pathway
- apc, activated protein c
- aps, antiphospholipid syndrome
- caps, catastrophic aps
- asfa, american society for apheresis
- atp, adenosine triphosphate
- cfh, complement factor h
- con a, concavalin a
- cox, cyclooxygenase
- damp, damage-associated molecular pattern
- dic, disseminated intravascular coagulation
- gbm, glomerular basement membrane
- hellp, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets
- hitt, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis
- hlh, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
- hus, hemolytic-uremic syndrome
- isth, international society for thrombosis and haemostasis
- ivig, intravenous immunoglobulin
- ldh, lactate nos, nitric oxide synthase
- net, neutrophil extracellular trap
- pai-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
- pf4, platelet factor 4
- prr, pattern recognition receptor
- rbc, red blood cell
- scd, sickle cell disease
- sle, systemic lupus erythematosus
- tlr, toll-like receptor
- tf, tissue factor
- tfpi, tissue factor pathway inhibitor
- tma, thrombotic microangiopathy
- tnf-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- tpe, therapeutic plasma exchange
- ulc, ultra large heparin-pf4 complexes
- ulvwf, ultra-large von willebrand factor
- vwf, von willebrand factor
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica A Bray
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sarah E Sartain
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jahnavi Gollamudi
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rolando E Rumbaut
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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17
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DeRoo E, Zhou T, Liu B. The Role of RIPK1 and RIPK3 in Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E8174. [PMID: 33142926 PMCID: PMC7663726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, including peripheral arterial and venous disease, myocardial infarction, and stroke, are the number one cause of death worldwide annually. In the last 20 years, the role of necroptosis, a newly identified form of regulated necrotic cell death, in cardiovascular disease has come to light. Specifically, the damaging role of two kinase proteins pivotal in the necroptosis pathway, Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase 1 (RIPK1) and Receptor Interacting Protein Kinase 3 (RIPK3), in cardiovascular disease has become a subject of great interest and importance. In this review, we provide an overview of the current evidence supporting a pathologic role of RIPK1 and RIPK3 in cardiovascular disease. Moreover, we highlight the evidence behind the efficacy of targeted RIPK1 and RIPK3 inhibitors in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bo Liu
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (E.D.); (T.Z.)
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18
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GPR56/ADGRG1 is a platelet collagen-responsive GPCR and hemostatic sensor of shear force. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28275-28286. [PMID: 33097663 PMCID: PMC7668045 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2008921117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We identified the known collagen receptor GPR56/ADGRG1 on platelets. GPR56 is an adhesion G protein-coupled receptor that becomes activated following forced dissociation of its N-terminal fragment and C-terminal fragment or seven-transmembrane spanning domain (7TM). Fragment dissociation reveals the cryptic stalk of the 7TM, which acts as a tethered peptide agonist, and for GPR56, this activates platelet G13 signaling. GPR56 pharmacological probes activated platelets to undergo shape change and aggregation, which are critical for the formation of hemostatic plugs. Gpr56−/− mice exhibit prolonged bleeding, defective platelet plug formation in vessel injury assays, and delayed thrombotic vessel occlusion. Shear-force dependency of platelet adhesion to immobilized collagen was found to be GPR56 dependent. Circulating platelets roll along exposed collagen at vessel injury sites and respond with filipodia protrusion, shape change, and surface area expansion to facilitate platelet adhesion and plug formation. Various glycoproteins were considered to be both collagen responders and mediators of platelet adhesion, yet the signaling kinetics emanating from these receptors do not fully account for the rapid platelet cytoskeletal changes that occur in blood flow. We found the free N-terminal fragment of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) GPR56 in human plasma and report that GPR56 is the platelet receptor that transduces signals from collagen and blood flow-induced shear force to activate G protein 13 signaling for platelet shape change. Gpr56−/− mice have prolonged bleeding, defective platelet plug formation, and delayed thrombotic occlusion. Human and mouse blood perfusion studies demonstrated GPR56 and shear-force dependence of platelet adhesion to immobilized collagen. Our work places GPR56 as an initial collagen responder and shear-force transducer that is essential for platelet shape change during hemostasis.
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19
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Mohammed BM, Monroe DM, Gailani D. Mouse models of hemostasis. Platelets 2020; 31:417-422. [PMID: 31992118 PMCID: PMC7244364 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1719056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hemostasis is the normal process that produces a blood clot at a site of vascular injury. Mice are widely used to study hemostasis and abnormalities of blood coagulation because their hemostatic system is similar in most respects to that of humans, and their genomes can be easily manipulated to create models of inherited human coagulation disorders. Two of the most widely used techniques for assessing hemostasis in mice are the tail bleeding time (TBT) and saphenous vein bleeding (SVB) models. Here we discuss the use of these methods in the evaluation of hemostasis, and the advantages and limits of using mice as surrogates for studying hemostasis in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassem M. Mohammed
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
| | - Dougald M. Monroe
- UNC Blood Research Center and Hematology/Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - David Gailani
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN
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20
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Lieschke F, Zheng Y, Schaefer JH, van Leyen K, Foerch C. Measurement of Platelet Function in an Experimental Stroke Model With Aspirin and Clopidogrel Treatment. Front Neurol 2020; 11:85. [PMID: 32117036 PMCID: PMC7026492 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT) increases the risk of tPA-associated hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in ischemic stroke. To investigate the effects of DAPT in rodents, reliable indicators of platelet function utilizing a minimally invasive procedure are required. We here established a fluorescence-based assay to monitor DAPT efficiency in a mouse model of ischemic stroke with HT. Male C57/BL6 mice were fed with aspirin and clopidogrel (ASA+CPG). Venous blood was collected, stimulated with thrombin, labeled with anti-CD41-FITC and anti-CD62P-PE, and analyzed by flow cytometry. Subsequently, animals were subjected to experimental stroke and tail bleeding tests. HT was quantified using NIH ImageJ software. In ASA+CPG mice, the platelet activation marker CD62P was reduced by 40.6 ± 4.2% (p < 0.0001) compared to controls. In vitro platelet function correlated inversely with tail bleeding tests (r = −0.8, p = 0.0033, n = 12). Twenty-four hours after drug withdrawal, platelet activation rates in ASA+CPG mice were still reduced by 20.2 ± 4.1% (p = 0.0026) compared to controls, while tail bleeding volumes were increased by 4.0 ± 1.4 μl (p = 0.004). Conventional tests using light transmission aggregometry require large amounts of blood and thus cannot be used in experimental stroke studies. In contrast, flow cytometry is a highly sensitive method that utilizes small volumes and can easily be incorporated into the experimental stroke workflow. Our test can be used to monitor the inhibitory effects of DAPT in mice. Reduced platelet activation is indicative of an increased risk for tPA-associated cerebral hemorrhage following experimental stroke. The test can be applied to individual animals and implemented flexibly prior and subsequent to experimental stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Lieschke
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yi Zheng
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Jan Hendrik Schaefer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Klaus van Leyen
- Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology and Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Christian Foerch
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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21
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Nassef NA. Quercetin improves platelet function and ultrastructure in cholestatic liver injury in rats: Role of ORAI1 gene expression. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Imran M, Sajwan M, Alsuwayt B, Asif M. Synthesis, characterization and anticoagulant activity of chitosan derivatives. Saudi Pharm J 2019; 28:25-32. [PMID: 31920430 PMCID: PMC6950966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2019.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan derivatives are reported as anticoagulants in the literature. This work was undertaken to develop novel chitosan derivatives as anticoagulants. The sulfonated derivatives of chitosan were formed by the reaction of chitosan derivatives with chlorosulfonic acid in N,N-dimethylformamide. The structures of these derivatives were established by FTIR and 1H NMR spectra. The prepared derivatives were evaluated for their in vivo anticoagulant effects by the tail bleeding method in Wistar rats utilizing nicoumalone as a standard drug. The results revealed that the sulfonation of the chitosan increases its anticoagulant activity. The developed compounds exhibited faster onset of action and potency than nicoumalone after one hour of the drug administration. The sulphated N-alkyl derivatives of chitosan were more potent anticoagulants than sulfated quaternary derivatives/sulfated chitosan. It is also suggested to develop analogs of Ethyl chitosan sulfate (4b) and Benzyl chitosan sulfate (4c), which may provide some more fruitful anticoagulants having faster onset of action as well as longer duration of action and possessing a balanced hydrophilic/lipophilic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, PO Box 840, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meenakshi Sajwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Guru Ram Das (PG) IMT, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248009, India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, IFTM, University, Lodhipur Rajput, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bader Alsuwayt
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Asif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy And Research, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248007, India
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23
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Methods for measurement of platelet function in the assessment of nonclinical drug safety and implications for translatability. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2019.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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24
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Humanized GPIbα-von Willebrand factor interaction in the mouse. Blood Adv 2019; 2:2522-2532. [PMID: 30287479 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2018023507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction of platelet glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) with von Willebrand factor (VWF) initiates hemostasis after vascular injury and also contributes to pathological thrombosis. GPIbα binding to the VWF A1 domain (VWFA1) is a target for antithrombotic intervention, but attempts to develop pharmacologic inhibitors have been hindered by the lack of animal models because of the species specificity of the interaction. To address this problem, we generated a knockin mouse with Vwf exon 28-encoding domains A1 and A2 replaced by the human homolog (VWFh28). VWFh28 mice (M1HA) were crossbred with a transgenic mouse strain expressing human GPIbα on platelets (mGPIbαnull;hGPIbαTg; H1MA) to generate a new strain (H1HA) with humanized GPIbα-VWFA1 binding. Plasma VWF levels in the latter 3 strains were similar to those of wild-type mice (M1MA). Compared with the strains that had homospecific GPIbα-VWF pairing (M1MA and H1HA), M1HA mice of those with heterospecific pairing had a markedly greater prolongation of tail bleeding time and attenuation of thrombogenesis after injury to the carotid artery than H1MA mice. Measurements of GPIbα-VWFA1 binding affinity by surface plasmon resonance agreed with the extent of observed functional defects. Ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation was similar in H1HA mouse and human platelet-rich plasma, and it was comparably inhibited by monoclonal antibody NMC-4, which is known to block human GPIbα-VWFA1 binding, which also inhibited FeCl3-induced mouse carotid artery thrombosis. Thus, the H1HA mouse strain is a fully humanized model of platelet GPIbα-VWFA1 binding that provides mechanistic and pharmacologic information relevant to human hemostatic and thrombotic disorders.
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25
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Lee J, Jeong L, Jung E, Ko C, Seon S, Noh J, Lee D. Thrombus targeting aspirin particles for near infrared imaging and on-demand therapy of thrombotic vascular diseases. J Control Release 2019; 304:164-172. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Brake MA, Ivanciu L, Maroney SA, Martinez ND, Mast AE, Westrick RJ. Assessing Blood Clotting and Coagulation Factors in Mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 9:e61. [PMID: 30875463 DOI: 10.1002/cpmo.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian blood coagulation system was designed to restrict blood loss due to injury as well as keep the blood fluid within the blood vessels of the organism. Blood coagulation activity in inbred mouse strains varies widely among strains, suggesting that many genomic variants affect hemostasis. Some of these molecules have been discovered and characterized; however, many are still unknown. Genetically modified mouse technologies are providing a plethora of new mouse models for investigating the regulation of blood coagulation. Here we provide a protocol for the tail bleeding time as a primary assessment of in vivo blood coagulation, as well as in vitro methods such as the prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and thrombin generation assay. We also provide protocols for the assessment of the activities of specific known factors involved in blood coagulation. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa A Brake
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
| | - Lacramioara Ivanciu
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Divison of Hematology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Susan A Maroney
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Nicolas D Martinez
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Alan E Mast
- Blood Research Institute, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Randal J Westrick
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan.,Center for Data Science and Big Data Analysis, Center for Biomedical Research, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
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27
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Urs AP, Rudresha GV, Manjuprasanna VN, Suvilesh KN, Gowda MDM, Yariswamy M, Hiremath V, Ramakrishnan C, Savitha MN, Jayachandra K, Sharanappa P, Vishwanath BS. Plant latex thrombin‐like cysteine proteases alleviates bleeding by bypassing factor VIII in murine model. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:12843-12858. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amog P. Urs
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry University of Mysore, Manasagangothri Mysuru Karnataka India
| | - G. V. Rudresha
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry University of Mysore, Manasagangothri Mysuru Karnataka India
| | - V. N. Manjuprasanna
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry University of Mysore, Manasagangothri Mysuru Karnataka India
| | - K. N. Suvilesh
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry University of Mysore, Manasagangothri Mysuru Karnataka India
| | - M. D. Milan Gowda
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry University of Mysore, Manasagangothri Mysuru Karnataka India
| | - M. Yariswamy
- Department of Surgery University of Missouri Columbia Missouri
| | - Vilas Hiremath
- Vijayashree Diagnostics, Specialized Coagulation Lab Bengaluru India
| | - Chandrasekaran Ramakrishnan
- Department of Biotechnology Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences Indian Institute of Technology Madras Chennai India
| | - M. N. Savitha
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry University of Mysore, Manasagangothri Mysuru Karnataka India
| | - K. Jayachandra
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry University of Mysore, Manasagangothri Mysuru Karnataka India
| | - P. Sharanappa
- Department of Studies in Botany University of Mysore Hassan Karnataka India
| | - B. S. Vishwanath
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry University of Mysore, Manasagangothri Mysuru Karnataka India
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28
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Sachetto ATA, Rosa JG, Santoro ML. Rutin (quercetin-3-rutinoside) modulates the hemostatic disturbances and redox imbalance induced by Bothrops jararaca snake venom in mice. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006774. [PMID: 30307940 PMCID: PMC6181271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Snakebites are a major Collective Health problem worldwide. In Brazil, Bothrops jararaca snake venom (BjV) evokes hemostatic disturbances, bleeding manifestations, and redox status imbalance. Specific antivenom therapy, although efficacious to revert most snakebite-induced manifestations, is incapable of treating secondary manifestations, such as oxidative/nitrosative stress. Searching for new complementary therapies that could attenuate physiological derangements triggered by envenomation, we elected to test quercetin-3-rutinoside (rutin) by its potential as both a potent antioxidant and a hemostasis modulatory compound. The activity of rutin was evaluated both on the biological activities of crude BjV in vitro, and in vivo by the ability of rutin (14.4 mg/kg b.w.) to modulate hematological, hemostatic and redox status markers altered by BjV injection (1.6 mg/kg b.w., s.c.) in mice. In vitro, rutin failed to inhibit BjV-induced platelet aggregation and biological activities of major BjV enzymes (metalloproteinases, phospholipases A2, serine proteases, and L-amino acid oxidases). On the other hand, rutin attenuated local hemorrhage, and the increase in reactive species, prevented the fall in RBC counts and fibrinogen levels, diminished tail bleeding and shortened prothrombin time (PT) evoked by envenomation. Furthermore, rutin reduced tissue factor (TF) activity and altered the protein expression of TF in liver, lungs, heart and skin. In conclusion, the disturbances in redox status and hemostatic system induced by B. jararaca envenomation were modulated by rutin, suggesting it has a great potential to be used as an ancillary therapeutic agent for snakebites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Teresa Azevedo Sachetto
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Gomes Rosa
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Larami Santoro
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Institute Butantan, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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29
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da Silva LCRP, Todaro V, do Carmo FA, Frattani FS, de Sousa VP, Rodrigues CR, Sathler PC, Cabral LM. A promising oral fucoidan-based antithrombotic nanosystem: Development, activity and safety. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:165102. [PMID: 29424698 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaae5b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Fucoidan-loaded nanoparticles emerge as great candidates to oral anticoagulant therapy, due to increasing of bioavailability and circulation time of this natural anticoagulant. Crosslink between chitosan chains are performed using glutaraldehyde to confer higher gastric pH resistance to nanoparticle matrices. In this work, chitosan-fucoidan nanoparticles, without (NpCF) and with glutaraldehyde crosslink (NpCF 1% and NpCF 2%), were prepared to evaluate their anticoagulant, antithrombotic and hemorrhagic profile. Nanoparticles were characterized by average diameter, polydispersity index, zeta potential, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and fucoidan in vitro release. Anticoagulant and antithrombotic activities were determined by in vitro and in vivo models, respectively. Hemorrhagic profile was in vivo evaluated by tail bleeding assay. Preparations showed nanometric and homogeneous average diameters. Zeta potentials of NpCF and NpCF 1% were stable over gastrointestinal pH range, which was confirmed by low fucoidan release in gastric and enteric media. In pH 7.4, NpCF and NpCF 1% demonstrated fucoidan release of 65.5% and 60.6%, respectively, within the first 24 hours. In comparison to fucoidan, NpCF and NpCF 1% showed increased in vitro anticoagulant activity. A significant difference on oral antithrombotic profile of NpCF 1% was found in comparison to fucoidan. Bleeding profile of NpCF and NpCF 1% showed no differences to control group, indicating the safety of these systems. Surprisingly, oral antithrombotic profile of commercially available fucoidan, from Fucus vesiculosus, has not been previously determined, which reveals new possibilities. In this work, significant advances were observed in anticoagulant and antithrombotic profiles of fucoidan through the preparation of NpCF 1%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valerio Todaro
- Trinity College Dublin School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dublin, IRELAND
| | | | - Flavia Serra Frattani
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JAneiro, RJ, BRAZIL
| | | | | | - Plínio Cunha Sathler
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JAneiro, RJ, BRAZIL
| | - Lucio Mendes Cabral
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de JAneiro, RJ, BRAZIL
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