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Wagstaff JFR, Flood MP, Mohan H, McBain RD, McNally O, Apte SS, McCormick J, Guerra GR, Heriot AG, Warrier SK. Perioperative outcomes of cytoreductive surgery for tumours of colorectal or appendiceal origin with ovarian involvement. J Surg Oncol 2023; 128:66-74. [PMID: 36942464 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Ovarian metastases (OM) are a common site for metastases in gastrointestinal tumours with peritoneal disease. This study aimed to evaluate perioperative complications between patients with and without OM following cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for appendiceal/colorectal cancer. METHODS Female patients undergoing CRS ± HIPEC for appendiceal/colorectal tumours at a single centre from 2009 to 2020 were analysed. Patients were grouped according to presence or absence of OM at the time of CRS. RESULTS The study included 318 patients, 72 (22.6%) had OM. Operation duration was longer for patients with OM (332 vs. 276 min, p < 0.0001). Patients with OM achieved higher rates of complete cytoreduction (93% vs. 79%, p = 0.006) despite a higher peritoneal carcinomatosis index (13 vs. 7, p < 0.001) and were more likely to require a blood transfusion (32% vs. 19%, p = 0.024) and a stoma (24% vs.10%, p = 0.005). Increasing age and presence of abdominal symptoms were independent predictors of major and all-cause morbidity, respectively. The presence of abdominal symptoms was independently associated with all-cause morbidity in the OM group. CONCLUSION These results may assist with preoperative counselling. Prospective multicentre datasets are needed to evaluate morbidity in one- versus two-stage approaches for those with abdominal symptoms and OM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica F R Wagstaff
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael P Flood
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Helen Mohan
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rosemary D McBain
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Orla McNally
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sameer S Apte
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jacob McCormick
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Glen R Guerra
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alexander G Heriot
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Satish K Warrier
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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2
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van der Meer R, Bakkers C, van Erning FN, Simkens LHJ, de Hingh IHJT, Roumen RMH. A propensity score-matched analysis of oncological outcome after systemic therapy for stage IV colorectal cancer: Impact of synchronous ovarian metastases. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:1174-1182. [PMID: 36251445 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The reported incidence of synchronous and metachronous ovarian metastases (OM) from colorectal cancer (CRC) is ~3.4%. OM from CRC are often considered sanctuary sites due to their lower sensitivity to systemic treatment. It has thus been hypothesized that the presence of OM decreases overall survival. Therefore, the purpose of our study was to evaluate the impact of synchronous OM on overall survival in female patients with stage IV CRC treated with systemic therapy alone with palliative intent. The present study used data from the Netherlands Cancer Registry and included female CRC patients with synchronous systemic metastases who were treated with systemic therapy between 2008 and 2018. A subsample was created using propensity score matching to create comparable groups. Propensity scores were determined using a logistic regression model in which the dependent variable was the presence of OM and the independent variables were the variables that differed significantly between both groups. Our study included 5253 patients with stage IV CRC that received systemic therapy. Among these patients, 161 (3%) had OM while 5092 (97%) had extra-ovarian metastases only. Three-year overall survival rates did not show a significant difference between patients with OM compared to patients without ovarian metastases. Moreover, the propensity score-matched analysis showed that the presence of OM in patients treated with systemic therapy for stage IV CRC disease was not associated with decreased 3-year overall survival. However, the results of the present study should be interpreted with caution, due to its observational character and used selection criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Checca Bakkers
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Cancer Institute, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Felice N van Erning
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Cancer Institute, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Department of Research and Development, Netherlands Comprehensive Cancer Organization, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke H J Simkens
- Department of Medical Oncology, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ignace H J T de Hingh
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Cancer Institute, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,GROW-School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi M H Roumen
- Department of Surgery, Máxima Medical Centre, Veldhoven, The Netherlands.,GROW-School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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3
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Van der Meer R, de Hingh IHJT, Bloemen JG, Janssen L, Roumen RMH. Role Of Ovarian Metastases In Colorectal Cancer (ROMIC): a Dutch study protocol to evaluate the effect of prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy in postmenopausal women. BMC Womens Health 2022; 22:441. [PMID: 36369055 PMCID: PMC9652988 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mean incidence of ovarian metastases (OM) in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is 3.4%. The 5-year survival of these patients, even when operated with curative intent, is remarkably low. The lifetime risk of ovarian cancer is approximately 1.3%. Prophylactic salpingo-oophorectomy (PSO, or surgical removal of the ovaries and fallopian tubes) could reduce the number of CRC patients that develop OM after removal of the primary tumor, as well as preventing the occurrence of primary ovarian cancer. Recently, the care pathway for CRC has been changed in several hospitals in line with the updated Dutch guideline. The possibility of PSO is now discussed with postmenopausal CRC patients in these hospitals. The aims of the current study are firstly to estimate the incidence of OM and primary ovarian cancer in postmenopausal patients with CRC, and secondly to evaluate the effect of PSO in these patients. METHODS An information bulletin and decision guide on this topic was implemented in several Dutch hospitals in 2020. Post-decision outcomes will be collected prospectively. The study population consists of postmenopausal (≥ 60 years of age) patients that are operated with curative intent for CRC. Based on their own preference, patients will be divided into two groups: those who choose to undergo PSO and those who do not. The main study parameters are the reduction in incidence of ovarian malignancies (metastatic or primary) following PSO, and the number needed to treat (NNT) by PSO to prevent one case of ovarian malignancy. DISCUSSION This will be the first study to evaluate the effect of PSO in postmenopausal CRC patients that is facilitated by an altered CRC care pathway. The results of this study are expected to provide relevant information on whether PSO adds significant value to postmenopausal patients with CRC. TRIAL REGISTRATION International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, NL7870. Registered on 2019 July 12. URL of trial registry record: https://trialsearch.who.int/Trial2.aspx?TrialID=NL7870 . PROTOCOL VERSION 1.0, date 2021 June 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Van der Meer
- Department of Surgery, Máxima Medical Center, P.O. Box 7777, 5500 MB Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - I. H. J. T. de Hingh
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Cancer Institute, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- GROW - School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J. G. Bloemen
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Cancer Institute, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - L. Janssen
- Department of Surgery, Máxima Medical Center, P.O. Box 7777, 5500 MB Veldhoven, The Netherlands
| | - R. M. H. Roumen
- Department of Surgery, Máxima Medical Center, P.O. Box 7777, 5500 MB Veldhoven, The Netherlands
- GROW - School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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4
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van der Meer R, Bakkers C, Rostamkhan E, de Hingh I, Roumen R. Ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer in young women: a systematic review of the literature. Int J Colorectal Dis 2021; 36:2567-2575. [PMID: 34432125 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-021-04012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE In female colorectal cancer patients, a mean proportion of synchronous and/or metachronous ovarian metastases of 3.4% was described. Previous literature showed that young or premenopausal women (≤ 55 years of age) may be more frequently affected. Once ovarian metastases are diagnosed, the prognosis of the patient is generally dismal, with 5-year survival varying from 12 to 27%. The present study is aimed at determining the proportion of young or premenopausal women diagnosed with colorectal cancer who presented with or developed ovarian metastases by reviewing the current literature on this topic. METHODS This review was performed by querying MEDLINE and EMBASE databases using a combination of terms: "colorectal neoplasms, colorectal cancer, ovarian neoplasms, Krukenberg tumor, young adult, young age, premenopause." Studies that indicated ovarian metastases, either synchronous or metachronous (or a combination of the two), in young women were retrieved and analyzed. RESULTS The review identified 14 studies encompassing 3379 young or premenopausal female colorectal cancer patients. In this selected group of patients, a mean proportion of ovarian metastases of 4.6% [95% CI: 4.0;5.4] was found. CONCLUSIONS This review showed that approximately one in twenty young female colorectal cancer patients will present with or develop ovarian metastases. Since outcome of this specific oncological pathology is often dismal, this finding is clinically relevant. It demonstrates the need to develop strategies to lower the incidence of ovarian metastases with adequate treatment and counseling of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard van der Meer
- Department of Surgery, Máxima Medical Center, PO BOX 7777, 5500 MB, Veldhoven, Netherlands.
| | - Checca Bakkers
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Cancer Institute, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Elysa Rostamkhan
- Department of Surgery, Máxima Medical Center, PO BOX 7777, 5500 MB, Veldhoven, Netherlands
| | - Ignace de Hingh
- Department of Surgery, Catharina Cancer Institute, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,GROW - School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Rudi Roumen
- Department of Surgery, Máxima Medical Center, PO BOX 7777, 5500 MB, Veldhoven, Netherlands.,GROW - School for Oncology and Development Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
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5
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Akizawa Y, Kanno T, Horibe Y, Shimizu Y, Noguchi E, Yamamoto T, Okamoto T, Nagashima Y, Tabata T. Ovarian metastasis from breast cancer mimicking a primary ovarian neoplasm: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 15:135. [PMID: 34055350 PMCID: PMC8145603 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian metastasis (OM) from breast cancer accounts for 3-38% of all ovarian neoplasms and is associated with various characteristic clinical presentations, such as pseudo-Meigs syndrome and Krukenberg tumor. Accurate diagnosis of OM may be challenging, as such lesions are frequently asymptomatic until they reach a large size. Occasionally, metastatic ovarian cancer is detected prior to the diagnosis of the primary tumor. Immunohistochemistry plays an important role in distinguishing primary ovarian tumors from extraovarian tumor metastases and may be helpful for identifying the primary tumor site. We herein report a case of OM from breast cancer masquerading as primary ovarian cancer. However, the correct diagnosis was made based on histopathological and immunohistochemical examinations. The patient had bilateral breast cancer, namely invasive lobular carcinoma of the left breast and ductal carcinoma of the right breast. Due to the presence of bilateral synchronous breast tumors, the possibility that the patient had hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome or other relevant genetic factors was considered. Immunohistochemistry plays a key role in distinguishing between primary ovarian tumors and OM, and it was also important for confirming the metastatic nature of the ovarian lesion and diagnosing the primary tumor in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshika Akizawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kanno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yu Horibe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yumi Shimizu
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Noguchi
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Tomoko Yamamoto
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
- Division of Pathological Neuroscience, Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okamoto
- Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Yoji Nagashima
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Tabata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan
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6
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Xie H, Erickson BJ, Sheedy SP, Yin J, Hubbard JM. The diagnosis and outcome of Krukenberg tumors. J Gastrointest Oncol 2021; 12:226-236. [PMID: 34012621 DOI: 10.21037/jgo-20-364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate diagnostic tools are crucial to distinguish patients with Krukenberg tumors from those with ovarian cancers before decision on initial management. To address this unmet need, we aimed to evaluate the diagnostic utility of clinical, biochemical, and radiographic factors in this patient population. Methods Patients with Krukenberg tumors or primary ovarian cancers were retrospectively identified from institutional cancer registry. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models were used for survival analysis. Logistic regression evaluated clinical, biochemical, and radiographic factors; residual deep neural network model evaluated features in computed tomography images as predictors to distinguish Krukenberg tumors from ovarian cancers. Model performance was summarized as accuracy and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Results This study included 214 patients with Krukenberg tumors with median age of 52 years. Among 104 (48.6%) patients with colorectal cancer, those who received palliative surgery had significantly higher median overall survival (48.1 versus 30.6 months, P=0.015) and progression-free survival (22.2 versus 6.7 months, P<0.001) than those with medical management only. The accuracy of radiology reports to make either diagnosis of Krukenberg tumors or primary ovarian cancers was 60.7%. In contrast, multivariable logistic regression model with age [odds ratio (OR) 2.98, P<0.001], carbohydrate antigen 125 (OR 1.57, P=0.004), and carcinoembryonic antigen (OR 0.03, P=0.031) had 87.5% [95% confidence interval (CI): 75.0-100.0%] accuracy with AUC 0.96 (95% CI: 0.87-1.00). The neural network model had 62.8% (95% CI: 51.8-74.5%) accuracy with AUC of 0.61 (95% CI: 0.53-0.72). Conclusions We developed a diagnostic model with clinical and biochemical features to distinguish Krukenberg tumors from primary ovarian cancers with promising accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xie
- Division of Medical Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.,Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Jun Yin
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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7
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Tong G, Luo Q, Pang X, Chen B, Lv G, Li X, Wang S. Retrospective Analyses of Complete Resection Combined with Systemic Chemotherapy and Targeted Therapy for Patients with Ovarian Metastases from Colorectal Cancer. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2021; 37:553-559. [PMID: 33764806 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2020.4013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the study is to evaluate clinical outcomes of patients with ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer (OM-CRC) treated with complete resection combined with chemotherapy and targeted therapy. Methods: Fifty female patients with OM-CRC who were treated in two different hospitals were categorized into three groups: 14 patients with OM-CRC received resection and chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy, 16 patients with OM-CRC only received chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy, and 20 patients with non-OM-CRC (NOM-CRC) received chemotherapy combined with targeted therapy. The primary outcomes, including overall survival (OS), the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), safety, and progression-free survival (PFS), were observed. Results: The ORR of OM-CRC was significantly lower compared with NOM-CRC (36.7% vs. 70.0%, p = 0.021), and the DCR of OM-CRC was also lower compared with NOM-CRC (76.7% vs. 90.0%, p = 0.229). The following chemotherapy and targeted therapy in the additional surgical resection of OM-CRC were positively associated with longer PFS and OS compared to no surgical resection (9.0 vs. 6.0 months and 21.0 vs. 15.0 months, respectively, p < 0.001), but the PFS and OS were best in patients with NOM-CRC (9.0 and 35.0 months). Improved OS was associated with R0 resection (23.0 vs. 17.0 months, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that patients with well-differentiated pathology and unilateral ovarian metastasis had a better prognosis. Conclusion: Multidisciplinary treatment strategy, including systemic chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and complete surgery, may contribute to the prolongation of OS and be safe for treatment of OM-CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangling Tong
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute of Shenzhen-PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qianjiang Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xionghao Pang
- Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Boran Chen
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute of Shenzhen-PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guoqing Lv
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute of Shenzhen-PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xi Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shubin Wang
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer Translational Research, Cancer Institute of Shenzhen-PKU-HKUST Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
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8
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Dundr P, Singh N, Nožičková B, Němejcová K, Bártů M, Stružinská I. Primary mucinous ovarian tumors vs. ovarian metastases from gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and biliary tree: a review of current problematics. Diagn Pathol 2021; 16:20. [PMID: 33706757 PMCID: PMC7953678 DOI: 10.1186/s13000-021-01079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Making the distinction between primary mucinous and metastatic ovarian tumors is often difficult, especially in tumors with a primary source from the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas and biliary tree. The aim of the following paper is to provide an overview of the problematics, with a focus on the possibilities of the differential diagnosis at the macroscopic, microscopic and immunohistochemical level. Main body The three main aspects of mucinous ovarian tumors are described in detail, including the comparison of the available diagnostic algorithms based on the evaluation of mostly macroscopic features, characterization of the spectrum of microscopic features, and a detailed analysis of the immunophenotype comparing 20 antibodies with the assessment of their statistical significance for differential diagnosis purposes. Specific features, including Krukenberg tumor and pseudomyxoma peritonei, are also discussed. Conclusion Despite the growing knowledge of the macroscopic and microscopic features of ovarian mucinous tumors and the availability of a wide range of immunohistochemical antibodies useful in this setting, there still remains a group of tumors which cannot be precisely classified without close clinical-pathological cooperation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Dundr
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studničkova 2, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Naveena Singh
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Barts Health NHS Trust, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.,Blizard Institute of Core Pathology, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Barbora Nožičková
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studničkova 2, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Němejcová
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studničkova 2, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Bártů
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studničkova 2, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Stružinská
- Institute of Pathology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Studničkova 2, 128 00, Prague 2, Czech Republic
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9
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Zhou F, Ding J. Prognosis and factors affecting colorectal cancer with ovarian metastasis. Updates Surg 2021; 73:391-398. [PMID: 33523414 DOI: 10.1007/s13304-021-00978-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. Its incidence has been increasing in recent years, as has the number of cases of ovarian metastasis of colorectal cancer. The prognosis of colorectal cancer with ovarian metastasis is poor, and it is an important cause of death in female patients. A variety of clinicopathological factors were found to be related to the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer with ovarian metastasis, such as menopausal status, metastasis limited to the pelvis, and tumor differentiation. Tumor genetic characteristics also provide a new perspective for the prognostic evaluation of colorectal cancer with ovarian metastasis. The prognosis of ovarian metastasis is also closely associated with treatment. The major treatment methods are prophylactic oophorectomy, surgical resection of the primary and metastatic lesions, cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy and systematic therapy. If feasible, complete surgical resection of the primary and ovarian metastatic macroscopic lesions combined with postoperative chemotherapy might currently be the most effective treatment for improving the prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer with ovarian metastasis. Genetic analysis also provides a theoretical basis for potential targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyue Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fang-xie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxin Ding
- Department of Gynecology, The Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 419 Fang-xie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Paramythiotis D, Goulas P, Moysidis M, Karakatsanis A, Tzioufa-Asimakopoulou V, Sotiriou S, Michalopoulos A. Metachronous Ovarian Metastases in a Patient with Primary Colorectal Cancer. A Case Report and Review of the Literature. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CASE REPORTS 2019; 20:1515-1520. [PMID: 31611546 PMCID: PMC6818644 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.917957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metachronous ovarian metastasis from primary colorectal cancer (CRC) is a rare condition that is diagnosed after the treatment of CRC. In most cases, ovarian metastases present without specific symptoms or signs and are usually diagnosed during follow-up imaging. A rare case is presented of metachronous ovarian metastasis from primary CRC, diagnosed on follow-up by computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and includes a review of the literature. CASE REPORT A 66-year-old woman recently underwent a left hemicolectomy for a stage T3, N0, M0 primary adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon, which was completely excised. Three years later, follow-up CT and MRI imaging showed a right ovarian cyst. She underwent exploratory laparotomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, which identified tumor in the right ovary. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry confirmed metachronous ovarian metastasis from CRC. The patient was referred for further treatment. CONCLUSIONS Newly-diagnosed ovarian metastasis from primary colorectal cancer (CRC) is challenging to diagnose and manage, and may initially be incorrectly diagnosed as malignancy of primary ovarian origin. This case demonstrated that it is important to confirm the diagnosis with imaging, histology, and the appropriate use of tumor markers. Because ovarian metastases do not respond favorably to chemotherapy, the treatment of choice is surgery. However, for women who are treated for CRC, the use of prophylactic oophorectomy remains controversial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Paramythiotis
- First Propaedeutic Surgery Department, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Patroklos Goulas
- First Propaedeutic Surgery Department, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Moysis Moysidis
- First Propaedeutic Surgery Department, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anestis Karakatsanis
- First Propaedeutic Surgery Department, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Sotiris Sotiriou
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Mayo Clinic Minesota, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Antonios Michalopoulos
- First Propaedeutic Surgery Department, AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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11
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Isolated Metastases to Multiple Genital Organs: a Curious Case of Metachronous Spread of Carcinoma Colon. Indian J Surg Oncol 2019; 10:321-323. [DOI: 10.1007/s13193-018-0855-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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12
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Adnexal lesions detected on CT in postmenopausal females with non-ovarian malignancy: do simple cysts need follow-up? Abdom Radiol (NY) 2019; 44:661-668. [PMID: 29926139 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-018-1676-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess whether CT morphology of adnexal lesions in postmenopausal women with history of non-ovarian cancer could be used to discriminate benign and malignant lesions, particularly focusing on applicability of the ACR criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was an IRB-approved HIPAA-compliant retrospective review of contrast-enhanced CTs of 199 women, 55 years and older. Lesions were classified as simple cystic, complex cystic, solid-cystic, or solid based on CT morphology, and were diagnosed as benign, indeterminate, or malignant on follow-up imaging or pathology. Associated metastatic disease was noted, if present. Findings were analyzed to correlate CT morphology, primary tumor pathology, and metastatic disease pattern with eventual lesion diagnosis. RESULTS There were 223 adnexal lesions, including 123 (55%) simple cystic, 48 (22%) complex cystic, 40 (18%) solid-cystic, and 12 (5%) solid lesions. 186/223 (83%) lesions were benign, and 37/223 (17%) were malignant. Primary colorectal cancer was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of malignant adnexal lesions (OR 10.2, p < 0.001) compared to patients with other cancers. Adnexal malignancy was significantly associated with the presence of non-ovarian peritoneal metastases (p < 0.001). None of the simple cysts (including 85 cysts between 1-3 cm and 38 cysts > 3 cm) were found to be malignant (malignancy rate: 0.0%, 95% CI 0.0-3.0%). Complex cysts were more likely to be malignant than simple cysts (p = 0.002) and solid-cystic lesions were more likely to be malignant than complex cysts (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Simple adnexal lesions on CT in this cohort were unlikely to be malignant, supporting the ACR guidelines. A higher size threshold of 3 cm (vs. 1 cm) may be preferred in all cases of simple cysts for recommending further follow-up. However, more complex-appearing cysts need further evaluation as the risk of malignancy is increased. Peritoneal metastases have a significant correlation with malignant adnexal involvement.
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Agnes A, Biondi A, Ricci R, Gallotta V, D'Ugo D, Persiani R. Krukenberg tumors: Seed, route and soil. Surg Oncol 2017; 26:438-445. [PMID: 29113663 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2017.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this narrative review was to summarize the current evidence on Krukenberg tumors (KTs), addressing what is known on their natural history and their impact on the clinical prognosis and which are the most appropriate management strategies to treat this condition. A literature search was conducted on Pubmed up to December 2016, selecting the most relevant studies on the basis of the scope of the review. KTs are ovarian metastases from primary signet-ring cell carcinomas., characterized by the presence of a sarcoma-like stroma. They have three possible routes of diffusion (lymphatic, peritoneal and hematogenous), but the preferential one is still unclear. Prognosis is dismal. When KTs are encountered in the clinical practice, it is reasonable to offer surgical resection to young, fit patients with limited disease. Palliative surgery should be considered for all patients with symptomatic disease. Further studies should clarify the clinicopathologic characteristics of KTs, their main routes of diffusion, and the possible role of prophylactic oophorectomy, lymphadenectomy and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Molecular and transitional research should parallel the clinical one to help understanding the natural history of signet-ring cell carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Agnes
- Polo Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Largo F. Vito, 1 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Biondi
- Polo Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Largo F. Vito, 1 00168 Rome, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Ricci
- Polo Scienze Oncologiche ed Ematologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Largo F. Vito, 1 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Gallotta
- Polo Scienze Della Salute Della Donna E Del Bambino, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Largo F. Vito, 1 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico D'Ugo
- Polo Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Largo F. Vito, 1 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Persiani
- Polo Scienze Gastroenterologiche ed Endocrino-Metaboliche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli Largo F. Vito, 1 00168 Rome, Italy
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Lee KC, Lin H, ChangChien CC, Fu HC, Tsai CC, Wu CH, Ou YC. Difficulty in diagnosis and different prognoses between colorectal cancer with ovarian metastasis and advanced ovarian cancer: An empirical study of different surgical adoptions. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 56:62-67. [PMID: 28254228 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical manifestations and optimal management of female patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis in ovaries mimicking advanced ovarian malignancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective medical records review of female patients with primary CRC metastasis to ovaries, which were initially diagnosed as ovarian malignancy, and treated between 2001 and 2013. Clinical presentations, pathologic findings, and treatment outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS In total, 19 cases were collected in the study through a hospital tumor registry. The mean age of the patients at the time of diagnosis was 45 years (range, 28-63 years). The most common symptoms were abdominal pain or increased abdominal girth (63%). None of them had rectal bleeding. The ratio of cancer antigen-125 to carcinoembryonic antigen was available in 13 out 19 patients (less than 25 in 76.9%). Barium enema or colonoscopic exam was only performed in 10 outpatients. None of them had a positive finding. All 19 patients went for surgery, all of them had ovarian metastasis but only eight of them had bilateral involvement, and 14 of them had carcinomatosis. All patients went for either optimal cytoreduction surgery or suboptimal cytoreduction surgery. The patients who received optimal cytoreduction surgery had a significant better progression-free and overall survival than those who did not. CONCLUSION Clinical manifestations of primary CRC with ovarian metastasis may be confused with advanced ovarian cancer. Negative barium enema or colonoscopic exam cannot rule out the possibility of CRC. For patients with a cancer antigen-125 to carcinoembryonic antigen ratio less than 25, 76% are good reference of CRC metastasis to ovaries. Optimal cytoreduction surgery like that used for treating advanced ovarian cancer had a better prognosis than suboptimal cytoreduction colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko-Chao Lee
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hao Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Chao ChangChien
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Chun Fu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chou Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Che Ou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chiayi, Taiwan.
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Santamaria E, Rhoton-Vlasak A, Lightsey JL, Moawad NS. Laparoscopic Bilateral Ovarian Transposition in a Patient with Stage 3 Rectal Adenocarcinoma: Case Report and Literature Review. J Gynecol Surg 2017. [DOI: 10.1089/gyn.2016.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Estefania Santamaria
- University of Florida College of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Alice Rhoton-Vlasak
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Judith L. Lightsey
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
| | - Nash S. Moawad
- Section of Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL
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Bedirli A, Salman B. Robotic surgery for rectosigmoid junction tumor with ovarian metastases. J Minim Access Surg 2015; 11:99-102. [PMID: 25598608 PMCID: PMC4290128 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9941.147720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Isolated ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC) are rare disease presenting in approximately 3% of all patients undergoing colorectal resection. Most reports describe an open approach to the disease, but we report a case isolated ovarian metastases from CRC managed completely by robotic technique. A 54-year-old female, with a family history of CRC, was admitted for rectosigmoid junction cancer. Computed tomography scan demonstrated in rectosigmoid tumor and pelvic mass, presumed as teratoma. Robotic surgery discovered a 10-cm encapsulated tumor, attached to the left ovary, with no macroscopic peritoneal involvement. The pathologic diagnosis of the resected pelvic mass, ovarian metastases from CRC. Robotic anterior resection was performed. Operative time was lasted 165 min, considering 25 min for robotic system set up. This is the first report to describe robot-assisted anterior resection and oophorectomy in patient with isolated ovarian metastases from rectosigmoid junction cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulkadir Bedirli
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bulent Salman
- Department of General Surgery, Medical Faculty, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
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Challa VR, Goud YGB, Rangappa P, Deshmane V, Kumar KVV, Madhusudhana BA. "Ovarian Metastases from Colorectal Cancer: Our Experience". Indian J Surg Oncol 2014; 6:95-8. [PMID: 26405412 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-014-0369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian metastases from colorectal cancer are uncommon and can present synchronously and metachronoulsy. Role of prophylactic oophorectomy for colorectal cancer is controversial and there is no definitive evidence to support it. A retrospective analysis of all the patients with colorectal cancer who had attended a single unit at our center have been analysed. Clinical presentation, Pathological features and image findings were analyzed. We had 7 patients with ovarian metastases who had presented synchronously or metachronously at our institute. Five patients presented synchronously at the time of primary surgery and 2 patients had presented metachronously after the treatment of primary. Three patients had malignancy in ascending colon and 2 had in sigmoid colon , one in rectosigmoid junction and one case in rectum. The mean overall survival rate was 12.4 months (range 6-20 months). All the patients received adjuvant chemotherapy. Ovarian metastases is rare in colorectal and occurs in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasu Reddy Challa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Y G Basavana Goud
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Poornima Rangappa
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - Vijayalakshmi Deshmane
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - K V Veerendra Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
| | - B A Madhusudhana
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bengaluru, Karnataka India
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Treatment of ovarian metastases of colorectal and appendiceal carcinoma in the era of cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. Eur J Surg Oncol 2014; 40:937-42. [PMID: 24630923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2014.02.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare outcome of women with ovarian metastasis who underwent cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) to outcome of women without ovarian metastasis who underwent CRS-HIPEC. METHODS A prospective CRS-HIPEC database was searched to identify women with surgically treated colorectal carcinoma between 2000 and 2012. Patients with ovarian metastasis were identified and patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis but without ovarian metastasis were included as control cases. RESULTS 75 patients with macroscopic ovarian metastasis underwent CRS-HIPEC with curative intent, while 50 female patients without ovarian metastasis were identified who underwent CRS-HIPEC. Patients with ovarian metastasis more often had a primary appendiceal tumour and had a more extensive intra-abdominal tumour load compared to patients without ovarian metastases. Median follow-up time was 45 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 37-53 months). Overall survival (OS) did not differ significantly between the two groups with a median OS in the ovarian metastasis group of 40 months (95% CI 26-54) compared to 64 months (95% CI 17-111, P = 0.478) in the non-ovarian metastasis group. Recurrence patterns did not differ significantly between groups (p = 0.183). CONCLUSIONS Patients with ovarian metastasis of colorectal and appendiceal origin who underwent CRS-HIPEC had similar outcome compared to patients without ovarian metastasis. Given the findings of high coincidence of peritoneal metastases with ovarian metastases and ovarian metastases not being an independent factor for survival after CRS-HIPEC, this procedure should be recommended for patients with peritoneal metastases and ovarian metastases of colorectal and appendiceal carcinoma.
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Virilisation during Pregnancy in a Patient with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Case Rep Surg 2012; 2012:704039. [PMID: 23097739 PMCID: PMC3477538 DOI: 10.1155/2012/704039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the case of a 25-year-old woman with virilisation occurring during pregnancy in the presence of metastatic colorectal cancer. Virilisation during pregnancy is rare. The potential causes include adrenal, foetal, or ovarian pathologies. The most common causes during pregnancy are pregnancy luteoma and hyperreactio luteinalis. The incidence of cancer during pregnancy is rare and the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) in pregnancy is even rarer. The presenting signs and symptoms of CRC can be confused with symptoms commonly encountered during pregnancy, thereby delaying diagnosis and commencement of treatment. Diagnosis and staging also proves more problematic in the pregnant patient as the usual modalities of colonoscopy with biopsy and imaging with CT are relatively contraindicated. Treatment is dependent on gestational age of the foetus. There is currently no agreed best practice as to the role of prophylactic oophorectomy in the prevention of metachronous ovarian metastases. Surgical and adjuvant treatments have implications for females of child-bearing age.
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Abstract
Metastases to the ovary occur in 0.8-9.7 % of colorectal cancer (CRC) cases (Hanna and Cohen in Clin Colorectal Cancer 3(4):215-222, 2004). The need to combine surgical resection of the primary tumor and bilateral oophorectomy is a matter of debate (Erroi et al. in J Surg Oncol 96(2):113-117, 2007). In a consecutive multi-hospital cohort of 30 CRC metastases to the ovary we came across four female patients (13 %; 95 % CI 3.6-34.1) with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). This number is high since the estimated incidence of FAP CRC is far below 1 % of all CRC and the expected incidence of FAP CRC that metastasized to the ovaries would thus be almost zero. In a second screen in nationwide databases we found that ovarian metastases occurred in at least 15 % of female FAP CRC cases. We provide now first evidence that especially in female FAP CRC patients bilateral oophorectomy during surgery should be discussed.
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Li W, Wang H, Wang J, L V F, Zhu X, Wang Z. Ovarian metastases resection from extragenital primary sites: outcome and prognostic factor analysis of 147 patients. BMC Cancer 2012; 12:278. [PMID: 22759383 PMCID: PMC3487894 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-12-278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To explore the outcomes and prognostic factors of ovarian metastasectomy intervention on overall survival from extragenital primary cancer. METHODS Patients with ovarian metastases from extragenital primary cancer confirmed by laparotomy surgery and ovarian metastases resection were retrospectively collected in a single institution during an 8-year period. A total of 147 cases were identified and primary tumor sites were colorectal region (49.0%), gastric (40.8%), breast (8.2%), biliary duct (1.4%) and liver (0.7%). The pathological and clinical features were evaluated. Patients' outcome with different primary tumor sites and predictive factors for overall survival were also investigated by univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Metachronous ovarian metastasis occurred in 92 (62.6%) and synchronous in 55 (37.4%) patients. Combined metastases occurred in 40 (27.2%). Bilateral metastasis was found in 97 (66%) patients. The median ovarian metastasis tumor size was 9 cm. There were 39 (26.5%) patients with massive ascites ≥ 1000 mL on intraoperative evaluation. With a median follow-up of 48 months, the median OS after ovarian metastasectomy for all patients was 8.2 months (95% CI 7.2-9.3 months). In univariate analyses, there is significant (8.0 months vs. 41.0 months, P = 0.000) difference in OS between patients with gastrointestinal cancer origin from breast origin, and between patients with gastric origin from colorectal origin (7.4 months vs. 8.8 months, P = 0.036). In univariate analyses, synchronous metastases, locally invasion, massive intraoperative ascites (≥ 1000 mL), and combined metastasis, were identified as significant poor prognostic factors. In multivariate analyses combined metastasis (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.09-2.69, P = 0.018), locally invasion (RR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.03-2.54, P = 0.038) and massive intraoperative ascites (RR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.02-2.49, P = 0.04) were independent factors for predicting unfavorable overall survival. CONCLUSION Ovarian metastases are more commonly originated from primary gastrointestinal tract. The prognosis of ovarian metastasis is dismal and the benefit of ovarian metastatectomy is limited. Combined metastasis outside ovaries, locally invasion and massive intraoperative ascites were independent factors for predicting unfavorable overall survival. The identification of the primary tumor is required to plan for adequate treatment for this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhua Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, PR China
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Survival benefit associated with surgical oophorectomy in patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to the ovary. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2012; 11:191-4. [PMID: 22280844 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2011] [Revised: 11/22/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the outcome of patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to the ovary and the impact of surgical oophorectomy on the outcome. METHODS We conducted a retrospective evaluation of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer to the ovary. Of 3776 female patients with colorectal cancer seen at MD Anderson from 2001-2008, 110 (2.9%) were identified as having metastases to the ovary. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to examine the survival functions. RESULTS Seventy-one patients (64.5%) had disease metastatic to the ovary at the time of initial presentation; in 39 patients (35.5%) the ovaries were a site of relapse after previous curative colorectal surgical resection. Patients who presented with ovarian relapse after previous colorectal surgery and who underwent oophorectomy had a median survival of 50 months compared with 12 months for those who did not (P < .0001). Patients with metastatic disease at the time of presentation who underwent oophorectomy had a median survival of 39.4 months vs. 18.2 months for those who did not. CONCLUSIONS This retrospective analysis suggests that women with metastatic colorectal cancer metastatic to the ovary may derive a survival benefit from palliative oophorectomy.
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Changes of the Normal Ovary During Menstrual Cycle in Reproductive Age on the Diffusion-Weighted Image. J Comput Assist Tomogr 2012; 36:319-22. [DOI: 10.1097/rct.0b013e318255aebf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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