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Keskin BB, Liu SF, Du PX, Tsai PS, Ho TS, Su WY, Lin PC, Shih HC, Weng KP, Yang KD, Huang YH, Kuo KC, Syu GD, Kuo HC. Profiling humoral responses to COVID-19 immunization in Kawasaki disease using SARS-CoV-2 variant protein microarrays. Analyst 2023; 148:4698-4709. [PMID: 37610260 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00802a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a form of acute systemic vasculitis syndrome that predominantly occurs in children under the age of 5 years. Its etiology has been postulated due to not only genetic factors but also the presence of foreign antigens or infectious agents. To evaluate possible associations between Kawasaki disease (KD) and COVID-19, we investigated humoral responses of KD patients against S-protein variants with SARS-CoV-2 variant protein microarrays. In this study, plasma from a cohort of KD (N = 90) and non-KD control (non-KD) (N = 69) subjects in categories of unvaccinated-uninfected (pre-pandemic), SARS-CoV-2 infected (10-100 days after infection), and 1-dose, 2-dose, and 3-dose BNT162b2 vaccinated (10-100 days after vaccination) was collected. The principal outcomes were non-KD-KD differences for each category in terms of anti-human/anti-His for binding antibodies and neutralizing percentage for surrogate neutralizing antibodies. Binding antibodies against spikes were lower in the KD subjects with 1-dose of BNT162b2, and mean differences were significant for the P.1 S-protein (non-KD-KD, 3401; 95% CI, 289.0 to 6512; P = 0.0252), B.1.617.2 S-protein (non-KD-KD, 4652; 95% CI, 215.8 to 9087; P = 0.0351) and B.1.617.3 S-protein (non-KD-KD, 4874; 95% CI, 31.41 to 9716; P = 0.0477). Neutralizing antibodies against spikes were higher in the KD subjects with 1-dose of BNT162b2, and mean percentage differences were significant for the 1-dose BNT162b2 B.1.617.3 S-protein (non-KD-KD, -22.89%; 95% CI, -45.08 to -0.6965; P = 0.0399), B.1.1.529 S-protein (non-KD-KD, -25.96%; 95% CI, -50.53 to -1.376; P = 0.0333), BA.2.12.1 S-protein (non-KD-KD, -27.83%; 95% CI, -52.55 to -3.115; P = 0.0195), BA.4 S-protein (non-KD-KD, -28.47%; 95% CI, -53.59 to -3.342; P = 0.0184), and BA.5 S-protein (non-KD-KD, -30.42%; 95% CI, -54.98 to -5.869; P = 0.0077). In conclusion, we have found that KD patients have a comparable immunization response to healthy individuals to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batuhan Birol Keskin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Shih-Feng Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Pin-Xian Du
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Shan Tsai
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Shiann Ho
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, Tainan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Tainan 700, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Wen-Yu Su
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Chun Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
| | - Hsi-Chang Shih
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ken-Pen Weng
- Congenital Structural Heart Disease Center, Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
| | | | - Ying-Hsien Huang
- Kawasaki Disease Center and Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Kuang-Che Kuo
- Kawasaki Disease Center and Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
| | - Guan-Da Syu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Room 89A07, No. 1, University Road, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
- International Center for Wound Repair and Regeneration, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
- Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Chang Kuo
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Kawasaki Disease Center and Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
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2
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Lin K, Zhang L, Wang Y, Li J, Xu Y, Che D, Mai H, Yu H, Fu L, Wei B, Jiang Z, Pi L, Gu X. FNDC1 Polymorphism (rs3003174 C > T) Increased the Incidence of Coronary Artery Aneurysm in Patients with Kawasaki Disease in a Southern Chinese Population. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:2633-2640. [PMID: 34188513 PMCID: PMC8232870 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s311956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large number of studies demonstrated that the key to the occurrence and development of Kawasaki disease (KD) is the over-activation of immune cells and the generation of various inflammatory factors, leading to the imbalance of the immune system. Recently, mutations in the FNDC1 gene have been shown to be associated with inflammatory responses. However, there have been no reports on the relationship between FNDC1 gene and KD so far. Methods We enrolled 1611 controls and 1459 patients with KD, including 372 patients with coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) and 179 patients with coronary artery lesion (CAL). The relationship between FNDC1 rs3003174 polymorphism and KD with CAA or without CAA was investigated. Results This study showed no evidence that the association between FNDC1 rs3003174 C>T polymorphism and KD susceptibility was statistically significant (CT versus CC: adjusted odds ratio (OR) =0.897, 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.769–1.045, P=0.162; TT versus CC: adjusted OR=0.995, 95% CI=0.786–1.260, P=0.968; dominant model: adjusted OR=0.916, 95% CI=0.792–1.059, P=0.235; and recessive model: adjusted OR=1.055, 95% CI=0.845–1.316, P=0.638). However, our further stratified analysis in the control and KD group bore out that the incidence of TT genotype of FNDC1 rs3003174 C > T polymorphism was higher than that of CC/CT genotype in KD patients stratified by CAA (adjusted OR=1.437, 95% CI=1.034–1.996, P=0.031). Moreover, a stratified analysis of age and gender in KD patients indicated that the rs3003174 TT genotype increased the risk of CAA formation in aged ≦60 months (CC/CT vs TT: adjusted OR=1.580, 95% CI=1.106–2.259, P=0.012) and male (CC/CT vs TT: adjusted OR=1.653, 95% CI=1.101–2.481, P=0.015) KD patients. Conclusion The results of this study demonstrated that the FNDC1 rs3003174 C>T polymorphism may be a hazard factor in the formation of CAA in KD patients that was not disclosed before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Lin
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China.,Department of Blood Transfusion and Clinical Lab, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Linyuan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China.,Department of Blood Transfusion and Clinical Lab, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Yishuai Wang
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China.,Department of Blood Transfusion and Clinical Lab, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinqing Li
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufen Xu
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Che
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanran Mai
- Department of Andrology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center. Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Yu
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanyan Fu
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wei
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Clinical Lab, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Jiang
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Clinical Lab, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Pi
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiong Gu
- Department of Clinical Biological Resource Bank, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China.,Department of Blood Transfusion and Clinical Lab, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510623, People's Republic of China
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3
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Fan X, Zhou Y, Guo X, Xu M. Utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing for analyzing the characteristics of PBMC in patients with Kawasaki disease. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:277. [PMID: 34126969 PMCID: PMC8201934 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02754-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kawasaki disease (KD) is the main cause of acquired heart disease in children and can lead to coronary artery lesions. This present study was designed to analyze the characteristics of KD peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and to explore the potential molecular mechanism of KD. METHODS PBMC was collected from one healthy child and one KD patient, and was used to single-cell RNA sequencing for cell clusters identification and differently expressed gene (DEG) determination. GO function enrichment analysis of DEG in B cell and T cells were performed to explore the most active biological function in KD immune cells. RESULTS Twelve cell clusters can be identified in two samples. Compared with healthy child, naive CD8+ T cell, T helper cell and B cell in KD child were decreased, mainly immune-related T cells, and natural killer T (NKT) cell were increased. Cell activation, lymphocyte activation and regulation of immune system process were 3 GO function shared by all four types of T cells and B cell. CONCLUSIONS Immune cell disorder appears in the KD patient at single cell level by scRNA-seq.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Fan
- The Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, 518038, China
| | - Yuhan Zhou
- Department of Pediatric, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital (Zhuhai) of Zunyi Medical University, 519100, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xin Guo
- The Department of Pediatric, Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Longgang District Maternal and Children Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China
| | - Mingguo Xu
- The Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Shenzhen, 518038, China. .,The Department of Pediatric, Shenzhen Children's Hospital of China Medical University, Longgang District Maternal and Children Health Care Hospital, Shenzhen, 518038, China.
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4
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Mobini Kesheh M, Shavandi S, Hosseini P, Kakavand-Ghalehnoei R, Keyvani H. Bioinformatic HLA Studies in the Context of SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic and Review on Association of HLA Alleles with Preexisting Medical Conditions. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6693909. [PMID: 34136572 PMCID: PMC8162251 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6693909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
After the announcement of a new coronavirus in China in December 2019, which was then called SARS-CoV-2, this virus changed to a global concern and it was then declared as a pandemic by WHO. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, which are one of the most polymorphic genes, play a pivotal role in both resistance and vulnerability of the body against viruses and other infections as well as chronic diseases. The association between HLA alleles and preexisting medical conditions such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus is reported in various studies. In this review, we focused on the bioinformatic HLA studies to summarize the HLA alleles which responded to SARS-CoV-2 peptides and have been used to design vaccines. We also reviewed HLA alleles that are associated with comorbidities and might be related to the high mortality rate among COVID-19 patients. Since both genes and patients' medical conditions play a key role in both severity of the disease and the mortality rate in COVID-19 patients, a better understanding of the connection between HLA alleles and SARS-CoV-2 can provide a wider perspective on the behavior of the virus. Such understanding can help scientists, especially in terms of protecting healthcare workers and designing effective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Mobini Kesheh
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Shavandi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parastoo Hosseini
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Keyvani
- Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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5
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Lo MS. A framework for understanding Kawasaki disease pathogenesis. Clin Immunol 2020; 214:108385. [PMID: 32173601 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a common vasculitis of childhood, typically affecting children under the age of five. Despite many aspects of its presentation that bear resemblence to acute infection, no causative infectious agent has been identified despite years of intense scrutiny. Unlike most infections, however, there are significant differences in racial predilection that suggest a strong genetic influence. The inflammatory response in KD specifically targets the coronary arteries, also unusual for an infectious condition. In this review, we discuss recent hypotheses on KD pathogenesis as well as new insights into the innate immune response and mechanisms behind vascular damage. The pathogenesis is complex, however, and remains inadequately understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy S Lo
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America.
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6
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Abstract
We report a case of a 2-month-old infant with incomplete Kawasaki disease with multiple coronary and systemic arteries aneurysms complicated with internal iliac arteries thrombosis. The atypical clinical presentations and severity of systemic vascular involvements discuss the importance of high index of suspicions in younger infants and treatment options in such cases.
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7
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Shimizu C, Kim J, Eleftherohorinou H, Wright VJ, Hoang LT, Tremoulet AH, Franco A, Hibberd ML, Takahashi A, Kubo M, Ito K, Tanaka T, Onouchi Y, Coin LJM, Levin M, Burns JC, Shike H. HLA-C variants associated with amino acid substitutions in the peptide binding groove influence susceptibility to Kawasaki disease. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:731-738. [PMID: 31122742 PMCID: PMC10793643 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is a pediatric vasculitis caused by an unknown trigger in genetically susceptible children. The incidence varies widely across genetically diverse populations. Several associations with HLA Class I alleles have been reported in single cohort studies. Using a genetic approach, from the nine single nucleotide variants (SNVs) associated with KD susceptibility in children of European descent, we identified SNVs near the HLA-C (rs6906846) and HLA-B genes (rs2254556) whose association was replicated in a Japanese descent cohort (rs6906846 p = 0.01, rs2254556 p = 0.005). The risk allele (A at rs6906846) was also associated with HLA-C*07:02 and HLA-C*04:01 in both US multi-ethnic and Japanese cohorts and HLA-C*12:02 only in the Japanese cohort. The risk A-allele was associated with eight non-conservative amino acid substitutions (amino acid positions); Asp or Ser (9), Arg (14), Ala (49), Ala (73), Ala (90), Arg (97), Phe or Ser (99), and Phe or Ser (116) in the HLA-C peptide binding groove that binds peptides for presentation to cytotoxic T cells (CTL). This raises the possibility of increased affinity to a "KD peptide" that contributes to the vasculitis of KD in genetically susceptible children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisato Shimizu
- Department of Pediatrics, University California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Jihoon Kim
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine, University California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Hariklia Eleftherohorinou
- Section of Paediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Victoria J Wright
- Section of Paediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | - Adriana H Tremoulet
- Department of Pediatrics, University California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cardiology, Rady Childrens' Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alessandra Franco
- Department of Pediatrics, University California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Genomic Medicine, Research Institute, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ito
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Human Genetics and Disease Diversity, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Onouchi
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan; Department of Public Health, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Lachlan J M Coin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
| | - Michael Levin
- Section of Paediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jane C Burns
- Department of Pediatrics, University California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Cardiology, Rady Childrens' Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Hiroko Shike
- Department of Pathology, HLA Laboratory, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
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8
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Kim JJ, Yun SW, Yu JJ, Yoon KL, Lee KY, Kil HR, Kim GB, Han MK, Song MS, Lee HD, Ha KS, Sohn S, Johnson TA, Takahashi A, Kubo M, Tsunoda T, Ito K, Onouchi Y, Hong YM, Jang GY, Lee JK. A genome-wide association analysis identifies NMNAT2 and HCP5 as susceptibility loci for Kawasaki disease. J Hum Genet 2017; 62:1023-1029. [PMID: 28855716 DOI: 10.1038/jhg.2017.87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD), a systemic vasculitis of infants and children, manifests as fever and mucocutaneous inflammation. Although its etiology is largely unknown, the epidemiological data suggest that genetic factors are important in KD susceptibility. To identify genetic variants influencing KD susceptibility, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and replication study using a total of 915 children with KD and 4553 controls in the Korean population. Six single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in three loci were associated significantly with KD susceptibility (P<1.0 × 10-5), including the previously reported BLK locus (rs6993775, odds ratio (OR)=1.52, P=2.52 × 10-11). The other two loci were newly identified: NMNAT2 on chromosome 1q25.3 (rs2078087, OR=1.33, P=1.15 × 10-6) and the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region on chromosome 6p21.3 (HLA-C, HLA-B, MICA and HCP5) (rs9380242, rs9378199, rs9266669 and rs6938467; OR=1.33-1.51, P=8.93 × 10-6 to 5.24 × 10-8). Additionally, SNP rs17280682 in NLRP14 was associated significantly with KD with a family history (18 cases vs 4553 controls, OR=6.76, P=5.46 × 10-6). These results provide new insights into the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of KD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Jung Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sin Weon Yun
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Jin Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Lim Yoon
- Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung-Yil Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon St Mary's Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hong-Ryang Kil
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Gi Beom Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Ki Han
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ulsan, Gangneung Asan Hospital, Gangneung, Korea
| | - Min Seob Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Inje University Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Hyoung Doo Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Kee Soo Ha
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sejung Sohn
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Todd A Johnson
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Laboratory for Statistical Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Laboratory for Omics Informatics, Omics Research Center, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Tsunoda
- Laboratory for Medical Science Mathematics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Medical Science Mathematics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Ito
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Onouchi
- Laboratory for Cardiovascular diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.,Department of Public Health, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - Young Mi Hong
- Department of Pediatrics, Ewha Womans University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gi Young Jang
- Department of Pediatrics, Korea University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Keuk Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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9
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Kim J, Shimizu C, Kingsmore SF, Veeraraghavan N, Levy E, Ribeiro dos Santos AM, Yang H, Flatley J, Hoang LT, Hibberd ML, Tremoulet AH, Harismendy O, Ohno-Machado L, Burns JC. Whole genome sequencing of an African American family highlights toll like receptor 6 variants in Kawasaki disease susceptibility. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170977. [PMID: 28151979 PMCID: PMC5289527 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common acquired pediatric heart disease. We analyzed Whole Genome Sequences (WGS) from a 6-member African American family in which KD affected two of four children. We sought rare, potentially causative genotypes by sequentially applying the following WGS filters: sequence quality scores, inheritance model (recessive homozygous and compound heterozygous), predicted deleteriousness, allele frequency, genes in KD-associated pathways or with significant associations in published KD genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and with differential expression in KD blood transcriptomes. Biologically plausible genotypes were identified in twelve variants in six genes in the two affected children. The affected siblings were compound heterozygous for the rare variants p.Leu194Pro and p.Arg247Lys in Toll-like receptor 6 (TLR6), which affect TLR6 signaling. The affected children were also homozygous for three common, linked (r2 = 1) intronic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in TLR6 (rs56245262, rs56083757 and rs7669329), that have previously shown association with KD in cohorts of European descent. Using transcriptome data from pre-treatment whole blood of KD subjects (n = 146), expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analyses were performed. Subjects homozygous for the intronic risk allele (A allele of TLR6 rs56245262) had differential expression of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as a function of genotype (p = 0.0007) and a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate at diagnosis. TLR6 plays an important role in pathogen-associated molecular pattern recognition, and sequence variations may affect binding affinities that in turn influence KD susceptibility. This integrative genomic approach illustrates how the analysis of WGS in multiplex families with a complex genetic disease allows examination of both the common disease-common variant and common disease-rare variant hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Chisato Shimizu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Stephen F. Kingsmore
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Narayanan Veeraraghavan
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Eric Levy
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Andre M. Ribeiro dos Santos
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Hai Yang
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jay Flatley
- Illumina, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | | | - Martin L. Hibberd
- Depatment of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adriana H. Tremoulet
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Olivier Harismendy
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Lucila Ohno-Machado
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Jane C. Burns
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
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Neville MJ, Lee W, Humburg P, Wong D, Barnardo M, Karpe F, Knight JC. High resolution HLA haplotyping by imputation for a British population bioresource. Hum Immunol 2017; 78:242-251. [PMID: 28111166 PMCID: PMC5367449 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the occurrence and frequency of HLA alleles and haplotypes for a healthy British Caucasian population bioresource from Oxfordshire. We present the results of imputation from HLA SNP genotyping data using SNP2HLA for 5553 individuals from Oxford Biobank, defining one- and two-field alleles together with amino acid polymorphisms. We show that this achieves a high level of accuracy with validation using sequence-specific primer amplification PCR. We define six- and eight-locus HLA haplotypes for this population by Bayesian methods implemented using PHASE. We determine patterns of linkage disequilibrium and recombination for these individuals involving classical HLA loci and show how analysis within a haplotype block structure may be more tractable for imputed data. Our findings contribute to knowledge of HLA diversity in healthy populations and further validate future large-scale use of HLA imputation as an informative approach in population bioresources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt J Neville
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Wanseon Lee
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Peter Humburg
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Daniel Wong
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Martin Barnardo
- Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Oxford Transplant Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Fredrik Karpe
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK; Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Julian C Knight
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
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General and Specific Genetic Polymorphism of Cytokines-Related Gene in AITD. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:3916395. [PMID: 28133421 PMCID: PMC5241475 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3916395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) shows the highest incidence among organ-specific autoimmune diseases and is the most common thyroid disease in humans, including Graves' disease (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). The susceptibility to autoimmune diseases is affected by increased autoantibody levels, susceptibility gene polymorphisms, environmental factors, and psychological factors, but the pathogenesis remains unclear. Various cytokines and related genes encoding them play important roles in the development and progression of AITD. CD152, an expression product of the CTLA-4 gene, downregulates T cell activation. The A/A genotype polymorphism in the CT60 locus may reduce the production of thyroid autoantibodies. The C1858T polymorphism of the PTNP22 gene reduces the expression of its encoded LYP, which increases the risk of GD and HT. GD is an organ-specific autoimmune disease involving increased secretion of thyroid hormone, whereas HT may be associated with the destruction of thyroid gland tissue and hypothyroidism. These two diseases exhibit similar pathogenesis but opposite trends in the clinical manifestations. In this review, we focus on the structure and function of these cytokines and related genes in AITD, as well as the association of polymorphisms with susceptibility to GD and HT, and attempt to describe their differences in pathogenesis and clinical manifestations.
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12
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Newburger JW, Takahashi M, Burns JC. Kawasaki Disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2016; 67:1738-49. [PMID: 27056781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.12.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 361] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Kawasaki disease is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of unknown etiology that occurs predominantly in infants and children. If not treated early with high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin, 1 in 5 children develop coronary artery aneurysms; this risk is reduced 5-fold if intravenous immunoglobulin is administered within 10 days of fever onset. Coronary artery aneurysms evolve dynamically over time, usually reaching a peak dimension by 6 weeks after illness onset. Almost all the morbidity and mortality occur in patients with giant aneurysms. Risk of myocardial infarction from coronary artery thrombosis is greatest in the first 2 years after illness onset. However, stenosis and occlusion progress over years. Indeed, Kawasaki disease is no longer a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome presenting in young adults. Both coronary artery bypass surgery and percutaneous intervention have been used to treat Kawasaki disease patients who develop myocardial ischemia as a consequence of coronary artery aneurysms and stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane W Newburger
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Masato Takahashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital and University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Jane C Burns
- Department of Pediatrics, Rady Children's Hospital, University of California-San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, California
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13
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Kim K, Bang SY, Lee S, Lee HS, Shim SC, Kang YM, Suh CH, Sun C, Nath SK, Bae SC, Kim TH. An HLA-C amino-acid variant in addition to HLA-B*27 confers risk for ankylosing spondylitis in the Korean population. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:342. [PMID: 26613595 PMCID: PMC4662802 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0855-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The presence of the HLA-B*27 allele is a major risk factor for the development of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), which causes chronic inflammation of the spine and other sites. We investigated residual effects outside HLA-B within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region in the Korean population. METHODS Using the Korean HLA reference panel, we inferred the classic HLA alleles and amino-acid residues of the six HLA genes (HLA-A, -B, -C, -DPB1, -DQB1, and -DRB1) and MHC single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 3820 Korean subjects, including 654 Korean cases of AS and 3166 controls, who were genotyped by using Immunochip. Logistic regression and log-likelihood ratio tests were used in AS association tests for imputed markers. RESULTS The most significant associations were identified at amino-acid positions in the epitope-binding site of HLA-B (P = 1.71 × 10(-481) at position 70, P = 7.20 × 10(-479) at position 97, and P = 2.54 × 10(-484) at positions 114), highlighting the risk effect of the HLA-B*27 allele and the protective effects of other classic alleles. A secondary effect was located at the leucine at amino-acid position 116 in the epitope-binding site of HLA-C (P = 1.69 × 10(-14)), completely tagging the HLA-C*15:02 allele. This residue had a large effect in HLA-B*27-negative patients (odds ratio = 6.6, 95 % confidence interval = 3.8 to 11.4). CONCLUSIONS The four amino-acid positions of HLA-B and -C account for most of the associations between AS and MHC in the Korean population. This finding updates the list of AS susceptibility loci and provides new insight into AS pathogenesis mediated by MHC class I molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangwoo Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 222-1, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - So-Young Bang
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 222-1, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seunghun Lee
- Department of Radiology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 222-1, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye-Soon Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 222-1, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Cheol Shim
- Division of Rheumatology, Daejeon Rheumatoid & Degenerative Arthritis Center, Chungnam National University Hospital, 282, Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Mo Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, 680, Gukchaebosang-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Hee Suh
- Department of Rheumatology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164, World cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea.
| | - Celi Sun
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th St., Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Swapan K Nath
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, 825 NE 13th St., Oklahoma City, OK, 73104, USA.
| | - Sang-Cheol Bae
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 222-1, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae-Hwan Kim
- Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, 222-1, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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