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Nakao T, Yasumoto A, Tokuoka S, Kita Y, Kawahara T, Daimon M, Yatomi Y. The impact of night-shift work on platelet function in healthy medical staff. J Occup Health 2018; 60:324-332. [PMID: 29669967 PMCID: PMC6078842 DOI: 10.1539/joh.2018-0027-fs] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Rotating shift work has been reported to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Vascular endothelial dysfunction and platelet activation are among the leading causes of thrombus formation in patients with myocardial infarction or stroke. Endothelial function has been shown to be impaired immediately after night-shift work; however, it is not known whether platelets are also activated. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute impact of night-shift work on platelet function. Methods: This observational study included 11 healthy medical staff members (seven women, median age 32 years). We examined each subject's platelet aggregation rates and the serum concentrations of eicosanoid mediators after night-shift work and on day-shift work without preceding night-shift work (baseline). Results: Platelet aggregation did not differ from baseline levels after night-shift work. However, serum cyclooxygenase (COX)-metabolized eicosanoid mediators, particularly thromboxane (Tx) B2 (a stable metabolite of TxA2 and the most important marker of platelet activation), were significantly higher after the night-shift than at baseline (median 65.3 vs 180.4 ng/ml). Conclusions: Although platelet aggregation did not increase, there was an increase in serum COX-metabolized eicosanoid mediators such as TxB2 in healthy medical staff after night-shift work. This platelet hypersensitivity may be one of the mechanisms underlying the significant association between night-shift work and adverse cardiovascular outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Nakao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital
| | - Atsushi Yasumoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital
| | - Suzumi Tokuoka
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Yoshihiro Kita
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo
| | - Takuya Kawahara
- Biostatistics Division, Clinical Research Support Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital
| | - Masao Daimon
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital
| | - Yutaka Yatomi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The University of Tokyo Hospital
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Measurement and Clinical Significance of Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Humans. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6501046. [PMID: 28698768 PMCID: PMC5494111 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6501046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 438] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the result of the imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Biomarkers of oxidative stress are relevant in the evaluation of the disease status and of the health-enhancing effects of antioxidants. We aim to discuss the major methodological bias of methods used for the evaluation of oxidative stress in humans. There is a lack of consensus concerning the validation, standardization, and reproducibility of methods for the measurement of the following: (1) ROS in leukocytes and platelets by flow cytometry, (2) markers based on ROS-induced modifications of lipids, DNA, and proteins, (3) enzymatic players of redox status, and (4) total antioxidant capacity of human body fluids. It has been suggested that the bias of each method could be overcome by using indexes of oxidative stress that include more than one marker. However, the choice of the markers considered in the global index should be dictated by the aim of the study and its design, as well as by the clinical relevance in the selected subjects. In conclusion, the clinical significance of biomarkers of oxidative stress in humans must come from a critical analysis of the markers that should give an overall index of redox status in particular conditions.
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Ohashi A, Murata A, Cho Y, Ichinose S, Sakamaki Y, Nishio M, Hoshi O, Fischer S, Preissner KT, Koyama T. The expression and localization of RNase and RNase inhibitor in blood cells and vascular endothelial cells in homeostasis of the vascular system. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174237. [PMID: 28329009 PMCID: PMC5362223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA may be released from vascular cells including endothelial cells in the event of injury and in vascular disease. Extracellular RNAs have been recognized as novel procoagulant and permeability-increasing factors. Extracellular RNA may function as inflammatory host alarm signals that serve to amplify the defense mechanism, but it may provide important links to thrombus formation. Extracellular RNA is degraded by RNase. We propose that RNase and its inhibitor RNase inhibitor (RI) act as modulators of homeostasis in the vasculature to control the functions of extracellular RNA. We aimed to investigate the expression and localization of RNase 1 and RI in cells that contact blood, such as platelets, mononuclear cells, polymorphonuclear cells, and red blood cells. RNase 1 and RI expression and localization in blood cells were compared with those in the human umbilical vein endothelial cell line, EAhy926. Additionally, we further investigated the effect of thrombin on the expression of RNase 1 and RI in platelets. We used an RNase activity assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, western blot, immunocytochemistry, transmission electron microscopy, and immunoelectron microscopy (pre- and post-embedding methods). RNase activity in the supernatant from EAhy926 cells was 50 times than in blood cells (after 60 min). RNase 1 mRNA and protein expression in EAhy926 cells was highest among the cells examined. However, RI mRNA and protein expression was similar in most cell types examined. Furthermore, we observed that RNase 1 and von Willebrand factor were partially colocalized in EAhy926 cells and platelets. In conclusion, we propose that high RNase activity is ordinarily released from endothelial cells to support anticoagulation in the vasculature. On the other hand, platelets and leukocytes within thrombi at sites of vascular injury show very low RNase activity, which may support hemostatic thrombus formation. However, activated platelets and leukocytes may accelerate pathologic thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Ohashi
- Laboratory Molecular Genetics of Hematology, Field of Applied Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Murata
- Laboratory Molecular Genetics of Hematology, Field of Applied Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Cho
- Anatomy and Physiological Science, Field of Applied Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shizuko Ichinose
- Instrumental Analysis Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuriko Sakamaki
- Instrumental Analysis Research Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Miwako Nishio
- Laboratory Molecular Genetics of Hematology, Field of Applied Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Hoshi
- Anatomy and Physiological Science, Field of Applied Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Silvia Fischer
- Institute for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany
| | - Klaus T. Preissner
- Institute for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany
| | - Takatoshi Koyama
- Laboratory Molecular Genetics of Hematology, Field of Applied Laboratory Science, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
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