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Kaaber L, Matzen LH, Schropp L, Spin-Neto R. Low-dose CBCT protocols in implant dentistry: a systematic review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 138:427-439. [PMID: 38679501 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the state-of-the-art evidence for applying low-dose CBCT protocols in 3 stages of implant therapy (planning, insertion, and follow-up examination of peri-implantitis) and assess the overall body of evidence presented in the literature. STUDY DESIGN The search was conducted in the MEDLINE/Pubmed and Scopus databases. Studies comparing low-dose CBCT protocols to a relevant reference standard in relation to any stage of implant therapy were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed for all included studies. RESULTS Sixteen studies were included. Low-dose protocols were reported to result from reduction of the exposure parameters of kV, mA, resolution (through increased voxel size), exposure time, and scanning trajectory. The current literature suggests that low-dose CBCT protocols perform similarly in the 3 stages of implant therapy compared to higher resolution protocols regarding objective measurements, with adverse impacts mostly on subjective assessment of image quality. The results also suggest that CBCT-based bone measurements are similar to direct measurements, independent of the imaging protocol. Reduction in all parameters except kV seems feasible as the basis of low-dose CBCT protocols for implant therapy. CONCLUSIONS The use of low-dose CBCT protocols does not impact objective image quality assessment in any stage of implant therapy. Clinical studies are needed to indicate if the reported results can be extrapolated to improve patient care in relation to the responsible use of ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurits Kaaber
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Oral Radiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| | - Louise Hauge Matzen
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Oral Radiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Schropp
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Oral Radiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rubens Spin-Neto
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Oral Radiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Andraws Yalda F, Chawshli OF, Al-Talabani SZ, Ali SH, Shihab OI. Evaluation of Palatal Thickness for the Placement of MARPE Device among a Cohort of Iraqi-Kurdish Population: A Retrospective CBCT Study. Int J Dent 2024; 2024:6741187. [PMID: 39234263 PMCID: PMC11374425 DOI: 10.1155/2024/6741187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to evaluate and compare palatal thickness in adults for the placement of mini-implants for miniscrew-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) appliances using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a sample of Iraqi-Kurdish people. Materials and Methods CBCT scans from 68 Kurdish patients, aged between 18 and 30 years, were assessed retrospectively. Of these, 37 were males and 31 were females. The measurements were performed at 3 mm from the mid-palatal suture. T-zone was selected for the anterior points, at the level of the palatal cusps of 2nd premolars, and the posterior point at the level of mesio-palatal cusps of 1st molars bilaterally. Palatal thickness of males and females bilaterally, as well as anterior and posterior areas, were measured and compared. An independent t-test was applied for comparison for normally distributed data, and the Mann-Whitney test was utilized for nonnormally distributed data. Additionally, Bonferroni correction was implemented for p-value adjustment. Results The mean palatal thickness at the anterior area was 6.06 mm for males, 6.17 mm for females on the right side, 5.94 mm for males, and 5.99 mm for females on the left side. The mean palatal thickness at the posterior area was almost the same for both genders (4.40 mm for males and 4.44 mm for females) on the right side, 4.35 mm for males, and 4.54 mm for females on the left side. Statistically, no significant difference was recorded between males and females, as well as right and left sides in both anterior and posterior regions; however, a very highly statistically significant difference (p < 0.001) was recorded when comparing total thickness, including both hard and soft tissue, between anterior and posterior regions. Conclusions CBCT proves a highly effective modality in assessing palatal thickness and suggesting ideal locations for orthodontic mini-screw placement. Our examination of palatal thickness in a sample of Iraqi-Kurdish individuals revealed no statistical difference between genders or sides, but significant variations were noted between anterior and posterior thicknesses. Comprehensive clinical and pre-expansion CBCT evaluations are crucial for precisely determining the optimal placement of MARPE devices in each patient, ensuring successful outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedil Andraws Yalda
- The Department of Oral Diagnosis College of Dentistry Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Omar Fawzi Chawshli
- The Department of Pedodontics Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry College of Dentistry Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Shaho Ziyad Al-Talabani
- The Department of Pedodontics Orthodontics and Preventive Dentistry College of Dentistry Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Sarkawt Hamad Ali
- The Department of Oral Diagnosis College of Dentistry Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Omed Ikram Shihab
- The Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery College of Dentistry Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq
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Fuglsig JMDCES, Reis INRD, Yeung AWK, Bornstein MM, Spin-Neto R. The current role and future potential of digital diagnostic imaging in implant dentistry: A scoping review. Clin Oral Implants Res 2024; 35:793-809. [PMID: 37990981 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Diagnostic imaging is crucial for implant dentistry. This review provides an up-to-date perspective on the application of digital diagnostic imaging in implant dentistry. METHODS Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed focusing on the question 'when (and why) do we need diagnostic imaging in implant dentistry?' The search results were summarised to identify different applications of digital diagnostic imaging in implant dentistry. RESULTS The most used imaging modalities in implant dentistry include intraoral periapical radiographs, panoramic views and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). These are dependent on acquisition standardisation to optimise image quality. Particularly for CBCT, other technical parameters (i.e., tube current, tube voltage, field-of-view, voxel size) are relevant minimising the occurrence of artefacts. There is a growing interest in digital workflows, integrating diagnostic imaging and automation. Artificial intelligence (AI) has been incorporated into these workflows and is expected to play a significant role in the future of implant dentistry. Preliminary evidence supports the use of ionising-radiation-free imaging modalities (e.g., MRI and ultrasound) that can add value in terms of soft tissue visualisation. CONCLUSIONS Digital diagnostic imaging is the sine qua non in implant dentistry. Image acquisition protocols must be tailored to the patient's needs and clinical indication, considering the trade-off between radiation exposure and needed information. growing evidence supporting the benefits of digital workflows, from planning to execution, and the future of implant dentistry will likely involve a synergy between human expertise and AI-driven intelligence. Transiting into ionising-radiation-free imaging modalities is feasible, but these must be further developed before clinical implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andy Wai Kan Yeung
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael M Bornstein
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Rubens Spin-Neto
- Section for Oral Radiology and Endodontics, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Kaaber L, Matzen LH, Spin-Neto R, Schropp L. Low-dose, standard, and high-resolution cone beam computed tomography for alveolar bone measurements related to implant planning: An ex vivo study in human specimens. Clin Oral Implants Res 2024. [PMID: 38970301 DOI: 10.1111/clr.14326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the performance of low-dose cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) protocols with regard to linear bone measurements in the posterior mandible for implant planning compared with higher dose protocols. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two edentulous posterior sites in human cadaveric mandibles were imaged in three CBCT scanners using three or four protocols with varying exposure parameters to achieve lower dose. Co-registration was performed to generate sagittal and cross-sectional image sections representative of the implant site. Three observers measured bone height, from the alveolar crest to the mandibular canal, and width, three mm from the top of the alveolar crest. Intra- and interobserver reproducibility were assessed for the cases rated as nonmeasurable as well as for completed measurements. The measurements were analyzed using paired t-tests for differences among the CBCT protocols and the frequency distribution of nonmeasurable cases with a Pearson Chi-square test. RESULTS Reproducibility for registering nonmeasurable cases varied among observers; however, no consistent significant differences were found in the frequency distribution of these cases among observers, units, and protocols. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were >0.9 for all measurements of bone height and width. Mean differences of <0.5 mm were found regardless of protocol; however, one observer did in some cases produce larger differences. CONCLUSION Linear bone measurements did not differ significantly and could be performed with excellent reliability, using low-dose CBCT protocols compared with standard and high-resolution ones. Varying approaches for rating nonmeasurable cases were found, indicating differences in diagnostic strategies related to implant planning among observers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurits Kaaber
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Louise Hauge Matzen
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rubens Spin-Neto
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Lars Schropp
- Oral Radiology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Shujaat S, Vasconcelos KDF, Kesztyüs A, Fontenele RC, Oliveira-Santos N, Nagy K, Shaheen E, Jacobs R. Optimization of orofacial cleft imaging protocols using device-specific low-dose cone-beam computed tomography. J Oral Rehabil 2024. [PMID: 38873694 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to present optimized device-specific low-dose cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) protocols with sufficient image quality for pre-surgical diagnostics and three-dimensional (3D) modelling of cleft defects. METHODS Six paediatric skulls were acquired, and an artificial bony cleft was created. A high-resolution CBCT scan acted as a reference standard (Accuitomo 170, Morita, Kyoto, Japan) for comparing eight low-dose protocols of Newtom VGi-evo (QR Verona, Cefla, Verona, Italy), which included Eco and Regular protocols with different field of views (FOVs). Delineation of lamina dura, cementoenamel junction (CEJ), trabecular bone and bony bridge were assessed. A 3D model of the defect was also evaluated. RESULT The dose area product of low-dose protocols ranged from 31 to 254 mGy*cm2. Despite the dose difference of up to eight times between applied protocols, trabecular bone and CEJ exhibited appropriate image quality in all scans. However, Regular small FOV protocols (5 × 5 and 8 × 5 cm2), for both lamina dura and bony bridge, demonstrated a significant improvement in image quality compared to Eco FOV counterparts. Based on 3D defect analysis, no significant difference existed between low-dose protocols and the reference standard. CONCLUSION The findings highlight the possibility of achieving a considerable reduction (up to eight times) in the radiation dose using low-dose CBCT protocols while maintaining sufficient image quality for assessing anatomical structures and 3D modelling in cleft cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Shujaat
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Karla de Faria Vasconcelos
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Artúr Kesztyüs
- Center for Facial Reconstruction, 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicolly Oliveira-Santos
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Krisztian Nagy
- Center for Facial Reconstruction, 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Eman Shaheen
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Section of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Shujaat S, Alfadley A, Morgan N, Jamleh A, Riaz M, Aboalela AA, Jacobs R. Emergence of artificial intelligence for automating cone-beam computed tomography-derived maxillary sinus imaging tasks. A systematic review. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2024. [PMID: 38863306 DOI: 10.1111/cid.13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging of the maxillary sinus is indispensable for implantologists, offering three-dimensional anatomical visualization, morphological variation detection, and abnormality identification, all critical for diagnostics and treatment planning in digital implant workflows. The following systematic review presented the current evidence pertaining to the use of artificial intelligence (AI) for CBCT-derived maxillary sinus imaging tasks. An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane up until January 2024. Based on the eligibility criteria, 14 articles were included that reported on the use of AI for the automation of CBCT-derived maxillary sinus assessment tasks. The QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2) tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias and applicability concerns. The AI models used were designed to automate tasks such as segmentation, classification, and prediction. Most studies related to automated maxillary sinus segmentation demonstrated high performance. In terms of classification tasks, the highest accuracy was observed for diagnosing sinusitis (99.7%), whereas the lowest accuracy was detected for classifying abnormalities such as fungal balls and chronic rhinosinusitis (83.0%). Regarding implant treatment planning, the classification of automated surgical plans for maxillary sinus floor augmentation based on residual bone height showed high accuracy (97%). Additionally, AI demonstrated high performance in predicting gender and sinus volume. In conclusion, although AI shows promising potential in automating maxillary sinus imaging tasks which could be useful for diagnostic and planning tasks in implantology, there is a need for more diverse datasets to improve the generalizability and clinical relevance of AI models. Future studies are suggested to focus on expanding the datasets, making the AI model's source available, and adhering to standardized AI reporting guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Shujaat
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abdulmohsen Alfadley
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Nermin Morgan
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Jamleh
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Marryam Riaz
- Department of Physiology, Azra Naheed Dental College, Superior University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Anwar Aboalela
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Section of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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Gonzalez-Passos T, Barros-Costa M, Oliveira ML, Freitas DQ. Influence of tube current and metal artifact reduction on the diagnosis of external cervical resorption in teeth adjacent to a dental implant in CBCT: an ex-vivo study. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:356. [PMID: 38834721 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05750-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This ex-vivo study aimed to assess the influence of tube current (mA) and metal artifact reduction (MAR) on the diagnosis of early external cervical resorption (EECR) in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the presence of an adjacent dental implant. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-three single-rooted teeth were sectioned longitudinally and EECR was induced using a spherical drill and 5% nitric acid in 10 teeth. Each tooth was positioned in the socket of the lower right canine of a dry human mandible and CBCT scans were acquired using 90 kVp, voxel of 0.085 mm, field of view of 5 x 5 cm, and varying tube current (4, 8 or 12 mA), MAR (enabled or disabled) and implant conditions (with a zirconia implant in the socket of the lower right first premolar or without). Five oral radiologists evaluated the presence of EECR in a 5-point scale and the diagnostic values (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve - AUC, sensitivity, and specificity) were compared using multi-way Analysis of Variance (α = 0.05). Kappa test assessed intra-/inter-evaluator agreement. RESULTS The tube current only influenced the AUC values in the presence of the implant and when MAR disabled; in this case, 8 mA showed lower values (p<0.007). MAR did not influence the diagnostic values (p>0.05). In general, the presence of an implant reduced the AUC values (p<0.0001); sensitivity values with 8 mA and MAR disabled, and specificity values with 4 mA and MAR enabled and 8 mA regardless MAR were also decreased (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Variations in tube current and MAR were unable to improve EECR detection, which was impaired by the presence of an adjacent implant. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Increasing tube current or activating MAR tool does not improve EECR diagnosis, which is hampered by the artifacts generated by dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamiles Gonzalez-Passos
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Av. Limeira, 901, Zip Code13414903, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Matheus Barros-Costa
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Av. Limeira, 901, Zip Code13414903, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus L Oliveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Av. Limeira, 901, Zip Code13414903, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Deborah Queiroz Freitas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. Av. Limeira, 901, Zip Code13414903, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Jacobs R, Fontenele RC, Lahoud P, Shujaat S, Bornstein MM. Radiographic diagnosis of periodontal diseases - Current evidence versus innovations. Periodontol 2000 2024; 95:51-69. [PMID: 38831570 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of periodontal and peri-implant diseases relies significantly on radiographic examination, especially for assessing alveolar bone levels, bone defect morphology, and bone quality. This narrative review aimed to comprehensively outline the current state-of-the-art in radiographic diagnosis of alveolar bone diseases, covering both two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) modalities. Additionally, this review explores recent technological advances in periodontal imaging diagnosis, focusing on their potential integration into clinical practice. Clinical probing and intraoral radiography, while crucial, encounter limitations in effectively assessing complex periodontal bone defects. Recognizing these challenges, 3D imaging modalities, such as cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), have been explored for a more comprehensive understanding of periodontal structures. The significance of the radiographic assessment approach is evidenced by its ability to offer an objective and standardized means of evaluating hard tissues, reducing variability associated with manual clinical measurements and contributing to a more precise diagnosis of periodontal health. However, clinicians should be aware of challenges related to CBCT imaging assessment, including beam-hardening artifacts generated by the high-density materials present in the field of view, which might affect image quality. Integration of digital technologies, such as artificial intelligence-based tools in intraoral radiography software, the enhances the diagnostic process. The overarching recommendation is a judicious combination of CBCT and digital intraoral radiography for enhanced periodontal bone assessment. Therefore, it is crucial for clinicians to weigh the benefits against the risks associated with higher radiation exposure on a case-by-case basis, prioritizing patient safety and treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pierre Lahoud
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Periodontology and Oral Microbiology, Department of Oral Health Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sohaib Shujaat
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael M Bornstein
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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9
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Barros-Costa M, Barros-Candido JR, Sampaio-Oliveira M, Freitas DQ, Sverzut AT, Oliveira ML. Impact of the spatial orientation of the patient's head, metal artifact reduction, and tube current on cone-beam computed tomography artifact expression adjacent to a dental implant: A laboratory study using a simulated surgical guide. Imaging Sci Dent 2024; 54:191-199. [PMID: 38948193 PMCID: PMC11211021 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20240016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate image artifacts in the vicinity of dental implants in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans obtained with different spatial orientations, tube current levels, and metal artifact reduction algorithm (MAR) conditions. Materials and Methods One dental implant and 2 tubes filled with a radiopaque solution were placed in the posterior region of a mandible using a surgical guide to ensure parallel alignment. CBCT scans were acquired with the mandible in 2 spatial orientations in relation to the X-ray projection plane (standard and modified) at 3 tube current levels: 5, 8, and 11 mA. CBCT scans were repeated without the implant and were reconstructed with and without MAR. The mean voxel and noise values of each tube were obtained and compared using multi-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test (α=0.05). Results Mean voxel values were significantly higher and noise values were significantly lower in the modified orientation than in the standard orientation (P<0.05). MAR activation and tube current levels did not show significant differences in most cases of the modified spatial orientation and in the absence of the dental implant (P>0.05). Conclusion Modifying the spatial orientation of the head increased brightness and reduced spatial orientation noise in adjacent regions of a dental implant, with no influence from the tube current level and MAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Barros-Costa
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Julia Ramos Barros-Candido
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus Sampaio-Oliveira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Deborah Queiroz Freitas
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexander Tadeu Sverzut
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Matheus L Oliveira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Santos AA, de Freitas Silva BS, Correia FFN, Mezaiko E, de Souza Roriz CF, Silva MAG, Freitas DQ, Yamamoto-Silva FP. Optimizing cone-beam computed tomography exposure for an effective radiation dose and image quality balance. Imaging Sci Dent 2024; 54:159-169. [PMID: 38948188 PMCID: PMC11211023 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20230251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) acquisition protocols on reducing the effective radiation dose while maintaining image quality. Materials and Methods The effective dose emitted by a CBCT device was calculated using thermoluminescent dosimeters placed in a Rando Alderson phantom. Image quality was assessed by 3 experienced evaluators. The relationship between image quality and confidence was evaluated using the Fisher exact test, and the agreement among raters was assessed using the kappa test. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to investigate whether the technical parameters could predict the effective dose. P-values<0.05 were considered to indicate statistical significance. Results The optimized protocol (3 mA, 99 kVp, and 450 projection images) demonstrated good image quality and a lower effective dose for radiation-sensitive organs. Image quality and confidence had consistent values for all structures (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis resulted in a statistically significant model. The milliamperage (b=0.504; t=3.406; P=0.027), kilovoltage peak (b=0.589; t=3.979; P=0.016) and number of projection images (b=0.557; t=3.762; P=0.020) were predictors of the effective dose. Conclusion Optimized CBCT acquisition protocols can significantly reduce the effective radiation dose while maintaining acceptable image quality by adjusting the milliamperage and projection images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananda Amaral Santos
- Department of Oral Radiology, University of Anápolis, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
- Department of Stomatologic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Brunno Santos de Freitas Silva
- Department of Stomatologic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- Science Program in Dentistry, University of Anápolis, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Eleazar Mezaiko
- Department of Stomatologic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Alves Garcia Silva
- Department of Oral Radiology, University of Anápolis, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
- Department of Stomatologic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Deborah Queiroz Freitas
- Division of Oral Radiology, Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Paula Yamamoto-Silva
- Department of Stomatologic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- Science Program in Dentistry, University of Anápolis, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
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11
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Pereira R, Sabri H, Pereira P, Wang HL. Associated risks with periodontal x-rays or CBCT scans: Are there any? Clin Adv Periodontics 2024; 14:121-126. [PMID: 37470472 DOI: 10.1002/cap.10261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Periodontal and implant radiography, mainly including intra-oral peri-apical and cone beam computed tomography images, are crucial in the diagnosis and treatment planning process. However, radiation safety concerns have been a chronic concern over the years, leading to uncomfortable situations. It is therefore crucial to understand the actual radiation exposure to determine if the patients' fear of necessary diagnostic exams is justified. In this perspective article, we aimed to provide concise information on dental imaging exposure, risks, and benefits, comparing them to that of absorbed radiation from daily life activities; and secondarily, to help periodontists choose the best option for each case and become more confident in addressing patients' concerns and providing a summary of safety guidelines as a reference for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pereira
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hamoun Sabri
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Center for Clinical Research and Evidence Synthesis in Oral Tissue Regeneration, (CRITERION), Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Patricia Pereira
- Department of Cariology, Restorative Science and Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Hom-Lay Wang
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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12
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Vanni JS, Thomazi E, Zorzi JE, Perottoni CA, Gamba TO. Determination of relative dose of ionizing radiation in the thyroid gland using a panoramic device with different protocols. Int J Paediatr Dent 2024. [PMID: 38783546 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of panoramic radiography (PR) is a complementary examination to aid in the diagnosis of cases in paediatric dentistry. The lack of specific protocols for these devices, however, can result in high doses of radiation, affecting critical organs such as the thyroid. AIM To evaluate the discrepancies in ionizing radiation received by the thyroid during PR examinations using anthropomorphic paediatric simulators built from computed tomography images. DESIGN Two anthropomorphic paediatric phantoms were printed and used, representing children aged 6 and 11 years, with an opening in the thyroid region for the insertion of dosimetric radiographic films. The simulators were subjected to different pre-existing protocols in the PR devices. The radiographic films were processed and analysed using a luxmeter. RESULTS The radiation dose to the thyroid was higher in the 6-year-old phantom than in the 11-year-old phantom, for given exposure factors. In addition, there was an increase in dose in children's protocols compared with small adult protocols. CONCLUSION Therefore, companies that develop PR equipment must develop child protocols for separate age groups that will consequently reduce the radiation dose in children, especially in their critical organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Silvestre Vanni
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Thomazi
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Rio Grande do Sul (IFRS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Janete Eunice Zorzi
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Antônio Perottoni
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGMAT), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Thiago Oliveira Gamba
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences (PPGCS), University of Caxias do Sul (UCS), Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
- Surgery and Orthopedics Department, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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13
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Carneiro ALE, Reis INR, Bitencourt FV, Salgado DMRA, Costa C, Spin-Neto R. Accuracy of linear measurements for implant planning based on low-dose cone beam CT protocols: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2024; 53:207-221. [PMID: 38429951 PMCID: PMC11056743 DOI: 10.1093/dmfr/twae007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review was to verify the accuracy of linear measurements performed on low-dose CBCT protocols for implant planning, in comparison with those performed on standard and high-resolution CBCT protocols. METHODS The literature search included four databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus). Two reviewers independently screened titles/abstracts and full texts according to eligibility criteria, extracted the data, and examined the methodological quality. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Quality Assessment Tool For In Vitro Studies. Random-effects meta-analysis was used for pooling measurement error data. RESULTS The initial search yielded 4684 titles. In total, 13 studies were included in the systematic review, representing a total of 81 samples, while 9 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The risk of bias ranged from medium to low. The main results across the studies indicate a strong consistency in linear measurements performed on low-dose images in relation to the reference methods. The overall pooled planning measurement error from low-dose CBCT protocols was -0.24 mm (95% CI, -0.52 to 0.04) with a high level of heterogeneity, showing a tendency for underestimation of real values. Various studies found no significant differences in measurements across different protocols (eg, voxel sizes, mA settings, or dose levels), regions (incisor, premolar, molar) and types (height vs. width). Some studies, however, noted exceptions in measurements performed on the posterior mandible. CONCLUSION Low-dose CBCT protocols offer adequate precision and accuracy of linear measurements for implant planning. Nevertheless, diagnostic image quality needs must be taken into consideration when choosing a low-dose CBCT protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luiza E Carneiro
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Isabella N R Reis
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Fernando Valentim Bitencourt
- Section for Oral Ecology and Inflammation, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark
| | - Daniela M R A Salgado
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Claudio Costa
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rubens Spin-Neto
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health—Section for Oral Radiology and Endodontics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark
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14
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Vicente A, Wiedel AP, Becker M, Brogårdh-Roth S, Shi XQ, Hellén-Halme K. Quantitative assessment of cleft volume and evaluation of cleft's impact on adjacent anatomical structures using CBCT imaging. Oral Radiol 2024; 40:295-303. [PMID: 38302684 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-023-00736-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine pre-operative cleft volume and evaluate cleft´s impact on surrounding anatomical structures in children and adolescents with orofacial clefts using cone bean computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. METHODS The present retrospective study retrieved CBCT examinations of 68 patients from a previous study. The examinations had been exposed either before (n = 53) or after (n = 15) alveolar bone grafting. Pre-operative volume of cleft was determined, and type and location were evaluated. Morphological changes on the adjacent anatomical structures, including the incisive foramen, the nasal septum and floor, and the inferior turbinate, were assessed. RESULTS Mean bilateral cleft volume was 0.76 cm3, while mean unilateral cleft volume was 1.08 cm3; the difference was significant (p < 0.001). Variation in cleft volume, however, was large. The incisive foramen was not visible in the majority of cases with bilateral clefts (71%); the difference was significant (p = 0.001). In cases with unilateral clefts, the nasal septum in 87% was curved towards the cleft or graft side. Also, the mean size of the widest part of the inferior turbinate was 8.8 mm on the cleft or graft side and 10.4 mm on the non-cleft side. The difference was significant (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS When required, CBCT is a feasible method for quantitatively illustrating alveolar clefts and their impact on the morphological development of surrounding structures. Variation in cleft volume was large.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Vicente
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Carl Gustafs Väg 34, 214 21, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Anna-Paulina Wiedel
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Becker
- Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Susanne Brogårdh-Roth
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Xie-Qi Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Carl Gustafs Väg 34, 214 21, Malmö, Sweden
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kristina Hellén-Halme
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Carl Gustafs Väg 34, 214 21, Malmö, Sweden
- Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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15
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Souza DAS, Costa FWG, de Mendonça DS, Ribeiro EC, de Barros Silva PG, Neves FS. Computed tomography assessment of maxillary sinus hypoplasia and associated anatomical variations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of global evidence. Oral Radiol 2024; 40:124-137. [PMID: 38079051 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-023-00726-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize the scientific evidence on the prevalence of maxillary sinus hypoplasia (MSH) and associated anatomical variations as assessed by computed tomography scans. STUDY DESIGN This PROSPERO-registered systematic review followed the recommendations of the PRISMA guidelines. Search algorithms were constructed for each of the six databases and gray literature. After screening the references (Rayyan®), the extracted data were meta-analyzed according to a random-effects model. The joanna briggs critical appraisal tool assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. The GRADE approach was used to estimate the certainty of the evidence. RESULTS From a total of 2781 studies screened, 22 were considered for four meta-analysis. The prevalence of MSH in 7358 patients was 5.65% (CI95% = 4.07-7.47%) with significant heterogeneity between studies (p < 0.001, I2 = 89.30%). MSH was identified in 295 patients, of whom 82.38% (CI95% = 75.82-88.09%) had unilateral hypoplasia and 17.62% (CI95% = 11.91-24.18%) bilateral hypoplasia with moderate heterogeneity between studies (p < 0.0503, I2 = 42.87%). The prevalence of MSH in 9998 maxillary sinuses was 3.77% (95% CI = 2.44-5.38%), with significant heterogeneity between studies (p < 0.001, I2 = 92.84%). Hypoplastic/aplastic uncinate process, concha bullosa and paradoxical concha were the most reported anatomical variations. The studies presented a low-moderate methodological quality. The certainty of the evidence was very low to moderate. CONCLUSION The prevalence of maxillary sinus hypoplasia observed was 5.65%, with most cases being unilateral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Adrian Silva Souza
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araújo Pinho, 62-Canela, Salvador-BA, Salvador, BA, 40110-150, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | - Frederico Sampaio Neves
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Araújo Pinho, 62-Canela, Salvador-BA, Salvador, BA, 40110-150, Brazil
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16
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Chhatwani S, Arman A, Möhlhenrich SC, Ludwig B, Jackowski J, Danesh G. Performance of dental students, orthodontic residents, and orthodontists for classification of midpalatal suture maturation stages on cone-beam computed tomography scans - a preliminary study. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:373. [PMID: 38519965 PMCID: PMC10958875 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04163-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of midpalatal suture maturation on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans is performed by visual inspection and is therefore subjective. The extent to which the assessment of midpalatal suture maturation is affected by rater experience has not been adequately explored in the existing literature, thus limiting the availability of evidence-based findings. This study compared the outcomes of classification by dental students, orthodontic residents, and orthodontists. METHODS Three different groups of students, orthodontic residents, and orthodontists evaluated 10 randomly chosen CBCT scans regarding midpalatal suture maturation from a pool of 179 patients (98 female and 81 male patients) aged 8 - 40 years which were previously classified by evaluating CBCT scans. The pool was set as benchmark utilizing midpalatal suture maturation classification by one examiner (OsiriX Lite version 11.0; Pixmeo SARL, Bernex, Switzerland). For assessment of intra-rater reliability of the examiners of each group the randomly chosen subjects were reclassified for midpalatal suture maturation after a wash-out period of two weeks by using the same software. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate intra- and interrater reliability of the three groups with differing experience level. RESULTS Groupwise intra-rater reliability assessment between the classification and reclassification was weak for examiners with a low level of experience (k = 0.59). Orthodontists had highest degree of agreement with regard to benchmark classification with an inter-rater reliability to be considered as moderate (k = 0.68). CONCLUSIONS Assessment of midpalatal suture maturation on CBCT scans appears to be a subjective process and is considerably related to the experience level of the examiner. A high level of clinical experience seems to be favorable but does not necessarily ensure accurate results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachin Chhatwani
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen Str. 50, Witten, 58448, Germany.
| | | | - Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen Str. 50, Witten, 58448, Germany
| | - Björn Ludwig
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Saarland, Campus Homburg, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Jochen Jackowski
- Department of Oral Surgery and Dental Emergency Care, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen Str. 50, Witten, 58448, Germany
| | - Gholamreza Danesh
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Alfred-Herrhausen Str. 50, Witten, 58448, Germany
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Cascante-Sequeira D, Oliveira-Santos C, Brasil DM, Santaella GM, Swanson C, Blackburn M, Scarfe WC, Haiter-Neto F. Convex triangular vs. cylindrical field of view: how does the shape of the FOV affect radiation dose? Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:7881-7888. [PMID: 37993703 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05380-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the dosimetry between convex triangular fields of view (FOV) and similar dimension cylindrical FOVs of two cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) models. METHODS Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) were placed in fiducial anatomical locations in an anthropomorphic phantom representing an adult head male for dosimetry scans. Convex triangular FOVs (100 × 80 mm/maxilla-mandible; 100 × 50 mm mandible; 100 × 50 mm/maxilla) from Veraviewepocs 3D R100 (J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan) (R100) and Veraview® X800 (J. Morita, Kyoto, Japan) (X800) and cylindrical FOVs from R100 and X800 (80 × 80 mm/maxilla-mandible; 80 × 50 mm/mandible; 80 × 50 mm/maxilla) were obtained, resulting in 12 different scan protocols. Equivalent doses for each relevant organ/tissue and the effective dose for each protocol were calculated. Mean effective doses were compared by the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's post hoc test to evaluate the effect of the FOV and device (α = 0.05). RESULTS The effective doses ranged between 69 and 324 μSv for the convex triangular FOVs and 76 and 332 μSv for the cylindrical FOVs. Convex triangular FOVs from the R100 device had effective doses 2.3 to 15.3% lower than their corresponding cylindrical FOVs with similar height (p < 0.05), and that difference ranged between 8.8 and 11.8% for the X800 device (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Convex triangular fields of view delivered slightly lower effective doses than the cylindrical fields of view of similar dimensions in the R100 and X800 CBCT devices. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Understanding the influence of the image geometry formation in effective dose allows optimization to reduce patient dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deivi Cascante-Sequeira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil.
| | - Christiano Oliveira-Santos
- Department of Diagnosis & Oral Health, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Danieli Moura Brasil
- Department of Diagnosis & Oral Health, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Gustavo M Santaella
- Department of Diagnosis & Oral Health, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Christine Swanson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Megan Blackburn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - William C Scarfe
- Department of Diagnosis & Oral Health, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Francisco Haiter-Neto
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
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18
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Younan KZ, Krueger GF, Zimmer R, Hernández PAG, Fontanella VRC, Miguens SAQ. Bibliometric analysis and diagnostic efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography studies published in Imaging Science in Dentistry from 2011 to 2022. Imaging Sci Dent 2023; 53:335-344. [PMID: 38174036 PMCID: PMC10761290 DOI: 10.5624/isd.20230106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This bibliometric analysis aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the characteristics, trends, and level of diagnostic efficacy of studies on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) published in Imaging Science in Dentistry (ISD) from 2011 to 2022. Materials and Methods Publications related to CBCT identified in the electronic collection of ISD were selected according to eligibility criteria by 2 independent reviewers who collected data on the characteristics of the articles (year, authors, and country). The type and topic of studies were analyzed using VOSviewer v.1.6.18 (Centre for Science and Technology Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands). The research articles were classified according to the hierarchical scale of diagnostic efficacy. Results Of the 236 articles included, most were from South Korea and Brazil. Bong-Hae Cho and Yun-Hoa Jung were the most prolific authors on the topic of CBCT. The most frequently published types of studies were cross-sectional and laboratory-based. The most popular topics WERE related to the diagnosis of pathologies and/or alterations, as well as anatomical variations. On the diagnostic efficacy scale, most studies were rated level 1 (technical efficacy) or 2 (diagnostic accuracy efficacy). Conclusion A steady increase was observed in publications related to CBCT, which are of both clinical and academic interest. The trends in these publications were analyzed, revealing that most are cross-sectional studies primarily exploring the capabilities of CBCT in diagnosing pathologies and/or changes in the oral and maxillofacial complex. These studies were typically classified as level 1 or 2 on the diagnostic efficacy scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelda Zanchi Younan
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Zimmer
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Pedro Antonio González Hernández
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Sergio Augusto Quevedo Miguens
- Department of Oral Medicine, Graduate Program in Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil, Canoas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Almeida-Marques M, Ingold MMS, da Silva-Junior AF, Franco A, Junqueira JLC, Oenning AC. Panoramic Radiography vs. CBCT in the Evaluation of the Maxillary Third Molar Roots. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1975. [PMID: 38004024 PMCID: PMC10672905 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A comprehensive understanding of the position of third molar roots and adjacent structures, such as the maxillary sinus (MS), is essential for safe extractions. Diagnostic imaging plays a fundamental role in achieving accurate treatment planning. This study aimed to compare panoramic radiography (PR) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for the evaluation of maxillary third molar roots and their relationship with the MS. Materials and Methods: Two trained radiologists evaluated third molar images. The number of roots, morphology (fused/conical, divergent, dilacerated, or atypical), and their relationship with the MS in PR and CBCT were registered. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using the weighted Kappa test. Results: Regarding the number and morphology of the roots, Kappa values showed moderate (κ = 0.42) and fair agreement (κ = 0.38), respectively. Regarding the proximity with the MS, most of the roots showed close contact (30.6%), or 1/3 of root superimposition (35%), in PR evaluation, while in CBCT, the third molars were in contact with the MS floor (32%), and with alveolar domes (27.2%). Conclusions: PR is a moderately reliable image technique to identify the number of roots and root morphology of maxillary third molars. PR, however, does not provide any radiographic signs that clearly indicate the anatomical relationship between the maxillary third molar roots and the maxillary sinus detected in CBCT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Almeida-Marques
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Mara Magnoler Sampaio Ingold
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Alberto Ferreira da Silva-Junior
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Ademir Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Cintra Junqueira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Anne Caroline Oenning
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
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20
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Pálvölgyi L, Kesztyűs A, Shujaat S, Jacobs R, Nagy K. Creation of Dimicleft radiological cleft phantom skulls using reversed virtual planning technique. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20230121. [PMID: 37395648 PMCID: PMC10552124 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20230121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this technical report was to develop customized pediatric phantoms for cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-related research in cleft patients. METHODS Six human pediatric skulls (age: 5-10 years) were recruited. A cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan was taken for each skull, followed by virtual modeling through the process of segmentation. An artificial cleft was designed and printed to be applied onto the skull for the creation of an artificial cleft. The skulls were covered with non-radiopaque tape and immersed in melted Mix-D soft tissue equivalent material. The resulting phantoms covered with Mix-D were assessed radiologically by two expert radiologists. These phantoms were referred to as Dimicleft pediatric skull phantoms. RESULTS Dimicleft phantoms were able to appropriately mimic in vivo circumstances. No gaps existed between Mix-D and bony tissue. Virtual planning allowed the optimal designing of an artificial cleft onto the phantom. The artificially created cleft was suitable to determine the size, location, and extent of the cleft. CONCLUSIONS Dimicleft phantoms could act as a viable alternative to other commercially available options for assessing image quality and optimizing CBCT protocols in cleft patients for diagnostics and three-dimensional treatment planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pálvölgyi
- Center for Facial Reconstruction, 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Artúr Kesztyűs
- Center for Facial Reconstruction, 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Krisztián Nagy
- Center for Facial Reconstruction, 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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21
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Teixeira R, Massaro C, Garib D. Comparison of nasal cavity changes between the expander with differential opening and the fan-type expander: a secondary data analysis from an RCT. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5999-6006. [PMID: 37620440 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05213-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to compare the nasal cavity skeletal changes between the expander with differential opening (EDO) and the fan-type expander (FE). METHODS This study was a secondary analysis of a previous randomized clinical trial. Forty-eight patients with posterior crossbite were randomly allocated into two study groups. Twenty-four patients (11 male, 13 female) with a mean initial age of 7.6 ± 0.9 years were treated with rapid maxillary expansion (RME) using the EDO. Twenty-four patients (10 male, 14 female) with a mean initial age of 7.8 ± 0.9 years were treated with the FE. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed before treatment and 1 to 6 months after the active phase of RME. Using frontal CBCT slices passing at the level of maxillary permanent first molars and maxillary deciduous canines, the width of the nasal cavity was measured in the lower, middle and upper thirds. Nasal cavity height was also evaluated in both slices. Intergroup comparisons of interphase changes were performed using t or Mann-Whitney tests (P < 0.05). RESULTS The two groups were similar regarding baseline data. EDO showed a greater transverse increase in the lower third of the nasal cavity in both canine (P = 0.007) and molar regions (P < 0.001). No intergroup difference was observed for changes in middle and upper widths and height of the nasal cavity. CONCLUSIONS Both expanders are effective in promoting an increase of the nasal cavity skeletal dimensions. The expander with differential opening produced a greater transverse increase in the lower third of the nasal cavity compared to the fan-type expander, both at the anterior and posterior regions of the maxilla. CLINICAL RELEVANCE EDO might be more beneficial to pediatric patients with oral breathing and obstructive sleep apnea compared to FE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Teixeira
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil.
| | - Camila Massaro
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Daniela Garib
- Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, 17012-901, Brazil
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22
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Sampaio-Oliveira M, Marinho-Vieira LE, Haiter-Neto F, Freitas DQ, Oliveira ML. Ambient light exposure of photostimulable phosphor plates: is there a safe limit for acceptable image quality? Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20230174. [PMID: 37493608 PMCID: PMC10552132 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20230174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To subjectively assess radiographs obtained with photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plates exposed to clinical levels of ambient light prior to read-out to potentially set a safe limit for acceptable image quality. METHODS AND MATERIALS Six dental regions of a dry human skull were X-rayed using PSP plates from VistaScan and Express under four exposure times: 0.1, 0.2, 0.32, and 0.4 s. Before read-out, the PSP plates were exposed to ambient light for 0, 5, 10, 30, 60, and 90 s. Six observers were asked to classify the 288 resulting radiographs as acceptable or unacceptable based on the identification of anatomical structures and global image quality. The number of answers classifying radiographs as unacceptable was used to calculate a rejection rate; a pairwise comparison for better image quality was further conducted among radiographs considered acceptable. Reproducibility was tested by having 25% of all experimental groups reassessed. RESULTS Intra- and interobserver agreement ranged from 0.87 to 1.00 and from 0.81 to 0.92, respectively. Exposure of PSP plates to ambient light increased rejection rates mostly as of 10 s. In the pairwise comparison, subtle differences were observed between radiographs obtained with PSP plates not exposed and those exposed to ambient light for 5 s. CONCLUSIONS Ambient light exposure of PSP plates impairs the image quality of radiographs. A safe limit of ambient light exposure of 5 s for VistaScan and Express should be considered. Ambient light exposure of PSP plates within safe limits can avoid retakes and reduce unnecessary patient exposure to X-rays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Sampaio-Oliveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Marinho-Vieira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Haiter-Neto
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Deborah Q. Freitas
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Matheus L. Oliveira
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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23
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Ver Berne J, Politis C, Shaheen E, Jacobs R. Cumulative exposure and lifetime cancer risk from diagnostic radiation in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery: a cross-sectional analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 52:1064-1070. [PMID: 36804279 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Radiation doses in dentomaxillofacial imaging are typically very low. However, diagnostic and follow-up protocols in orthognathic surgery result in a patient-specific risk in effective dose. Estimating the cancer risks from these exposures remains abstract for many maxillofacial surgeons. In this study, 40 orthognathic patients were randomly sampled and their cumulative effective dose (ED) calculated. The lifetime attributable risk of cancer (LAR) was calculated based on the standard radiological protocol for orthognathic surgery follow-up using methods described in the BEIR VII report and RadRAT. The mean cumulative ED of the 40 sampled patients at the end of their 2-year follow-up period was 1.91 ± 0.58 mSv. The LAR at the end of follow-up was 17.65 (90% confidence interval 6.46-32.90) per 100,000 person-years for male orthognathic patients and 13.93 (90% confidence interval 6.27-25.24) per 100,000 person-years for female orthognathic patients. This represents 0.70% and 0.68%, respectively, of the baseline cancer risk for oral, thyroid, and brain cancer combined. Although theoretical, these results provide a framework for interpreting radiation doses and cancer risks in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. Considering the increased radiation sensitivity in children and adolescents, indication-oriented and patient-specific imaging protocols should be advised.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Ver Berne
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; OMFS-IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - C Politis
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; OMFS-IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - E Shaheen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; OMFS-IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Jacobs
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium; OMFS-IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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24
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Shujaat S, Kesztyüs A, Song D, Regnstrand T, Benchimol D, Nagy K, Jacobs R. Moving toward patient specificity for devising cone-beam computed tomography field-of-views: A normative maxillary skeletal dimensional analysis. Int J Paediatr Dent 2023; 33:477-486. [PMID: 37203232 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A lack of evidence exists comprehensively assessing skeletal dimensions in a Caucasian population group at different ages. AIM To provide age- and gender-specific normative skeletal dimensional measurements of the maxillary region using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. DESIGN Cone-beam computed tomography images of Caucasian patients were acquired and divided into different age groups ranging from 8 to 20 years. Linear measurements were taken to evaluate seven distance-based variables, which included anterior nasal spine-posterior nasal spine (ANS-PNS) distance, bilateral maxillary first molar's central fossae (CF) distance, palatal vault depth (PVD), bilateral palatal cementoenamel junction (PCEJ) distance, bilateral vestibular CEJ (VCEJ) distance, bilateral jugulare distance (Jug) and arch length (AL). RESULTS A total of 529 patients (243 male, 286 female) were selected. ANS-PNS and PVD showed the highest change in dimensions from 8 to 20 years of age. On the contrary, AL had the least variability in all age groups. Male patients had larger dimensions and showed a significant change in all dimensional measurements (p < .001) than female patients. CONCLUSION The maxillary linear dimensions varied across different age groups. The presented maxillary normative data could serve as a reference guide for devising patient-specific CBCT field of views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohaib Shujaat
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Artúr Kesztyüs
- Center for Facial Reconstruction, 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dandan Song
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tobias Regnstrand
- Section of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Daniel Benchimol
- Section of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Krisztian Nagy
- Center for Facial Reconstruction, 1st Department of Paediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven & Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Section of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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25
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Clark-Perry D, Berkhout WER, Sanderink GC, Slot DE. Evaluating cone cut in rectangular collimation in intraoral radiography: application of ALADA and radiation stewardship. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5391-5402. [PMID: 37537518 PMCID: PMC10492766 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05158-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rectangular collimation is a popular method used in intraoral radiography to reduce patient exposure to ionizing radiation. One of the perceived drawbacks of rectangular collimation is the possibility of an increase in cone cut errors ultimately impacting the diagnostic value of the radiographs. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the frequency of cone cut errors in radiographs taken using a rectangular collimator. MATERIALS AND METHODS Radiographs taken using PSP plates at Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam in the Netherlands by staff and students from January to December 2015 were assessed for cone cut errors. The radiographs were grouped as bitewings, front teeth, inferior premolars and molars, and superior premolars and molars and categorized as no cone cut, cone cut but diagnostically usable, and cone cut but diagnostically not usable. The results were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed thereafter. RESULTS A total of 53,684 radiographs were assessed, 79% had no cone cut errors and consequently 21% had some degree of cone cut. However, the diagnostic value was unaffected in 18% of the radiographs with cone cut. Only 3% of the radiographs were deemed diagnostically unusable due to cone cut. The most common area of cone cut was in the premolar and molar areas while cone cut in the front teeth was least likely to be diagnostically unusable. CONCLUSION Cone cut from the use of a rectangular collimator does not seem to result in an increase of diagnostically unusable radiographs. Thus, rectangular collimation should be preferred as it decreases the amount of radiation exposure to the patient while producing diagnostically usable radiographs and thus allowing the dental professional to adhere to the ALADA principle and practice radiation stewardship. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Scientific rationale for the study: rectangular collimation is a method used to reduce patient exposure to ionizing radiation; however, this benefit is negligible if radiographs must be retaken due to cone cut errors that make the radiograph diagnostically unusable. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the frequency of cone cut in radiographs taken using a rectangular collimator. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS cone cut was observed in 21% of the radiographs; however, only 3% of the radiographs were considered diagnostically unusable. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS rectangular collimation does not result in a high number of diagnostically unusable radiographs and should be used to reduce patient exposure to ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Clark-Perry
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - W E R Berkhout
- Department of Oral Radiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G C Sanderink
- Department of Oral Radiology, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - D E Slot
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry, Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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26
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Morgan N, Meeus J, Shujaat S, Cortellini S, Bornstein MM, Jacobs R. CBCT for Diagnostics, Treatment Planning and Monitoring of Sinus Floor Elevation Procedures. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:1684. [PMID: 37238169 PMCID: PMC10217207 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13101684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sinus floor elevation (SFE) is a standard surgical technique used to compensate for alveolar bone resorption in the posterior maxilla. Such a surgical procedure requires radiographic imaging pre- and postoperatively for diagnosis, treatment planning, and outcome assessment. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has become a well-established imaging modality in the dentomaxillofacial region. The following narrative review is aimed to provide clinicians with an overview of the role of three-dimensional (3D) CBCT imaging for diagnostics, treatment planning, and postoperative monitoring of SFE procedures. CBCT imaging prior to SFE provides surgeons with a more detailed view of the surgical site, allows for the detection of potential pathologies three-dimensionally, and helps to virtually plan the procedure more precisely while reducing patient morbidity. In addition, it serves as a useful follow-up tool for assessing sinus and bone graft changes. Meanwhile, using CBCT imaging has to be standardized and justified based on the recognized diagnostic imaging guidelines, taking into account both the technical and clinical considerations. Future studies are recommended to incorporate artificial intelligence-based solutions for automating and standardizing the diagnostic and decision-making process in the context of SFE procedures to further improve the standards of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nermin Morgan
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Jan Meeus
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Sint-Rafael, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sohaib Shujaat
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Sint-Rafael, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | - Simone Cortellini
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, Section of Periodontology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Dentistry, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michael M. Bornstein
- Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging & Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Sint-Rafael, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, 141 04 Huddinge, Sweden
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27
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Fontenele RC, Picoli FF, Pinto JC, Coudyzer W, de Faria Vasconcelos K, Farias Gomes A, Binst J, Jacobs R. Feasibility of photon-counting computed tomography as a novel imaging modality for challenging endodontic diagnostic tasks. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6266. [PMID: 37069172 PMCID: PMC10110619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33322-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) is an innovative technological advancement in relation to x-ray detectors which offers ultra-high-resolution images. The current study aimed to evaluate the visualization ability of PCCT compared to cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) devices for challenging endodontic diagnostic tasks. A reference image of an anthropomorphic phantom was acquired using an industrial micro-CT device. Thereafter, the phantom was scanned with three imaging devices, which included PCCT scanner (NAEOTOM Alpha) and two CBCT devices (3D Accuitomo 170 and NewTom VGi evo) having standard and high-resolution acquisition protocols. The diagnostic tasks involved visualizing fine endodontic structures (apical delta, narrow canal, and isthmus) and root cracks. Three experienced examiners assessed the images and were blinded to the PCCT and CBCT devices. Each image was rated according to a three-grade scale (appropriate, acceptable, or inappropriate) for the diagnostic tasks. In relation to fine endodontic structures grouped together, PCCT showed similar diagnostic performance compared to the reference image (p > 0.05). As for the CBCT devices, an excellent performance was only observed with the 3D Accuitomo 170 device at a high-resolution acquisition mode (p > 0.05). The visualization of root cracks was also better with 3D Accuitomo 170 compared to other devices (p < 0.05). Overall, PCCT and 3D Accuitomo 170 at a high-resolution setting showed similar performance for visualizing fine endodontic structures. In addition, the high-resolution CBCT protocol was superior for visualizing root cracks compared to both PCCT and other standard- and high-resolution CBCT protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando Fortes Picoli
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Jader Camilo Pinto
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Karla de Faria Vasconcelos
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Amanda Farias Gomes
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joke Binst
- Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Reinhilde Jacobs
- OMFS IMPATH Research Group, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leuven, KU Leuven, Kapucijnenvoer 7, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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28
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Singer SR, Mupparapu M. Temporomandibular Joint Imaging. Dent Clin North Am 2023; 67:227-241. [PMID: 36965928 DOI: 10.1016/j.cden.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Prescriptions for imaging studies for temporomandibular disorders are based on the patient's complaint, history, and clinical findings. Appropriate selection criteria and justification for imaging examinations must be followed. Because the temporomandibular joint is composed of both hard and soft tissues, different studies are prescribed based on the clinically suspected condition. Current imaging modalities include panoramic radiographs, cone-beam computed tomography, and MRI. The entire examination must be interpreted, and the findings recorded in the patient record. No one imaging modalities is suitable for all patients. An oral and maxillofacial radiologist should be consulted when the interpretation of the study is beyond the scope of the practitioner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven R Singer
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, 110 Bergen Street, Room D885A, Newark, NJ 07103-2400, USA.
| | - Mel Mupparapu
- University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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29
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Quaresma Rêgo IC, Oenning A, Nascimento MCC, Junqueira JLC, Oliveira LB. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) referrals in paediatric patients: A 24-month retrospective study in two radiological centers in Campinas, Brazil. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2023:10.1007/s40368-022-00775-x. [PMID: 36928835 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-022-00775-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the CBCT referrals in paediatric patients over a 24-month period. METHODS A retrospective study was conducted in two radiological centers in Campinas, Brazil. Patients were divided into three age groups: G1: age under 10 years, G2: age between 10 and 12 years, and G3: age over 12 years. The following data were collected: patients' age and sex, localisation, reasons for referral and dental specialty responsible for the request of CBCT exams. RESULTS Data from 367 patients were assessed. CBCT was used more frequently in the Group 3 (58.9%). There was significant association between the region of the exam and age group (P < 0.05), with a higher percentage of exams in the maxilla for the age over 12 years (35.6%) than that of up to 10 years (50.9%) and between 10 and 12 years (51.1%). Alterations were observed in 79.3% of the exams and 47.4% showed impacted teeth with significant association with the increase in age group (P < 0.05). Of the total number of exams, (55.3%) were requested in Orthodontics followed by Oral Surgery (30.0%) and Paediatric Dentistry (9.5%). CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that CBCT exams were indicated frequently for the age over 12 years. The presence of impacted teeth represented the main reason for referrals and Orthodontics was the dental specialty that indicated CBCT with higher frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Oenning
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - M C C Nascimento
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - J L C Junqueira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - L B Oliveira
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, São Leopoldo Mandic School of Dentistry, Rua José Rocha Junqueira, 13, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil.
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30
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Cederhag J, Iskanderani D, Alstergren P, Shi XQ, Hellén-Halme K. Visibility of anatomical landmarks in the region of the mandibular third molar, a comparison between a low-dose and default protocol of CBCT. Acta Odontol Scand 2023:1-7. [PMID: 36748228 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2023.2170462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Optimization of radiographic examinations is essential for radiation protection. The objective of the study was to investigate the clinical applicability of a low-dose CBCT protocol as compared to the default for pre-surgical evaluation of mandibular third molars. MATERIAL & METHODS Forty-eight patients (62 teeth) referred for pre-surgical mandibular third molar investigation were recruited after justification for CBCT. Two CBCT scans of each site were made using a default protocol and a low-dose protocol (Veraviewepocs 3D F40, J Morita Corp, Kyoto, Japan). The low-dose protocol had the same tube potential (90 kV) and exposure time (9.4 s) as the default, but with reduced tube current, from 5 mA to 2 mA. Four observers evaluated the visibility of five relevant anatomical variables. Image quality was ranked on a 3-point scale as diagnostically acceptable, doubtful, or unacceptable. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test compared differences between the two protocols. The significance level was set at p ≤ .05. RESULTS No significant differences were found between the two protocols for any observer regarding the visibility of the relationship and proximity between the roots and the mandibular canal; root morphology; and possible root resorption of the second molar. The periodontal ligament differed significantly in visibility between the two protocols (p ≤ .05). CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that a low-dose CBCT protocol with a 60% reduction of the tube current provides, in most cases, acceptable image quality for pre-surgical assessment of mandibular third molars. Optimization of CBCT protocols should be a priority according to recommended guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Cederhag
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Durer Iskanderani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.,Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Radiology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Per Alstergren
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.,Specialized Pain Rehabilitation, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Xie-Qi Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.,Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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31
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Brasil DM, Merken K, Binst J, Bosmans H, Haiter-Neto F, Jacobs R. Monitoring cone-beam CT radiation dose levels in a University Hospital. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2023; 52:20220213. [PMID: 36802857 PMCID: PMC9944015 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20220213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present patient dose levels for different CBCT scanners, acquired by a dose monitoring tool in a University Hospital, as a function of field of view (FOV), operation mode, and patient age. METHODS An integrated dose monitoring tool was used to collect radiation exposure data [type of CBCT unit, dose-area product (DAP), FOV size, and operation mode] and patient demographic information (age, referral department) performed on a 3D Accuitomo 170 and a Newtom VGI EVO unit. Effective dose conversion factors were calculated and implemented into the dose monitoring system. For each CBCT unit, the frequency of examinations, clinical indications, and effective dose levels were obtained for different age and FOV groups, and operation modes. RESULTS A total of 5163 CBCT examinations were analyzed. Surgical planning and follow-up were the most frequent clinical indications. For the standard operation mode, effective doses ranged from 35.1 to 300 µSv and 9.26-117 µSv using 3D Accuitomo 170 and Newtom VGI EVO, respectively. In general, effective doses decreased with increasing age and FOV size reduction. CONCLUSIONS Effective dose levels varied notably between systems and operation modes.Operation mode selection and FOV size were indication-oriented, with larger FOV sizes election serving surgical planning and follow-up. Seeing the influence of FOV size on effective dose levels, manufacturers could be advised to move toward patient-specific collimation and dynamic FOV selection. Systematically monitoring patient doses could be recommended for steering future CBCT optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karen Merken
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven, Division of Medical Physics & Quality Assessment, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joke Binst
- Department of Radiology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Francisco Haiter-Neto
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Division of Oral Radiology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Hennig CL, Schüler IM, Scherbaum R, Buschek R, Scheithauer M, Jacobs C, Mentzel HJ. Frequency of Dental X-ray Diagnostics in Children and Adolescents: What Is the Radiation Exposure? Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:394. [PMID: 36766499 PMCID: PMC9913895 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13030394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Children are exposed to ionizing radiation through radiographs during their development for various reasons. At present, there are no officially valid reference values for dental X-rays in children and adolescents for dental X-ray diagnostics. This study retrospectively examined 9680 extraoral dental radiographs in pediatric patients between 2002 and 2020. The aim was to analyze the radiation doses in pediatric patients, which indications were used, and whether there were specific age and gender differences. The evaluation showed that radiation doses were considered low, with dose area products of 2.2 cGy × cm2 for a lateral cephalogram, 14 cGy × cm2 for an orthopantomogram (OPG), and 45 cGy × cm2 for cone beam computer tomography (CBCT). This corresponds to an effective dose of 1.5 μSv for a lateral cephalogram, 7 μSv for an OPG, and 33.8 μSv for CBCT. Of the 9680 images, 78% were orthopantomograms, and only 0.4% were CBCT images. OPG has become more important over the years, as reflected in the indication. Approximately one-third of all extraoral exposures are orthodontic indications. Overall, the indications were similar for both genders. According to the dental indications, boys were X-rayed slightly more frequently than girls (54.5-45.5%). A future publication of dose guide values and corresponding guidelines is of high priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph-Ludwig Hennig
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Ina Manuela Schüler
- Section Preventive Dentistry and Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Rebecca Scherbaum
- Section of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Rika Buschek
- Section of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Marcel Scheithauer
- Radiation Protection, Center for Health and Safety Management, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Collin Jacobs
- Department of Orthodontics, Center of Dental Medicine, Jena University Hospital, An der Alten Post 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Hans-Joachim Mentzel
- Section of Pediatric Radiology, Department of Radiology, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
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Dental Caries and Its Management. Int J Dent 2023; 2023:9365845. [PMID: 36636170 PMCID: PMC9831703 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9365845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives In recent years, the management of dental caries has evolved significantly. Caries prevention, early detection, and a diagnosis based on risk indicators and risk factor assessments are the most current practical approaches. Furthermore, as proposed in minimally invasive dentistry, the new management approaches preserve healthy tissue and maintain pulp vitality. This article overviews the latest minimally invasive dental caries management and treatment options. The information will assist the reader in the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of dental caries. Materials and Methods The PubMed (MEDLINE) search engine was used to gather the most relevant information on dental caries. The search was restricted to five years (May 30, 2018-May 29, 2022), and only English-language studies were accessed. A Boolean search of the PubMed data set was implemented to combine a range of keywords. The following filters were applied: abstract, free full text, full text, clinical trial, randomised control trial, systematic review, meta-analysis, and review. More studies were also obtained by manual searches from Google Scholar and textbooks on dental caries. Results By using this process, 683 articles and studies were obtained. The most relevant published studies were chosen and used in the current review. The selected articles are included in the references list. However, the search extended to cover the last five years as our understanding and management of dental caries have changed significantly. Conclusions Early detection and diagnosis of caries based on risk indicators and risk factor assessments are effective. Furthermore, minimally invasive restorative techniques are beneficial in managing dental caries and preserving healthy tissue and should be used whenever possible. This new information, knowledge, and materials should encourage professionals to implement this method. Having a strategy and system based on patient-centred care is critical, and our dental responsibilities must prioritise patient-centred care.
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Matbouli S, Alnahdi YA, Meriky LH, Hagi S. Assessing Radiation Dosage in Pediatric Head and Neck Computed Tomography Examinations During COVID-19 in a Tertiary Hospital in Saudi Arabia, Jeddah. Cureus 2023; 15:e33588. [PMID: 36779139 PMCID: PMC9910031 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.33588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the practice of imaging and optimization of the radiation dose in pediatric head and neck computed tomography (CT) examinations during the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) period. This study is based on a retrospective analysis of pediatric head CT records, conducted in the Radiology Department of the King Abdulaziz University Hospital in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. We examined the data of all pediatric patients between 0 and 14 years of age who underwent head CT scans between March and September in both 2019 (before the COVID-19 pandemic) and 2020 (during the COVID-19 pandemic). In total, we analyzed 1005 scans; 531 (52.8%) were performed before and 474 (47.2%) during COVID-19. The dose parameters were similar; however, the exposure time was significantly lower during COVID-19 (5432 ms vs. 5811 before; p < 0.001). In contrast, the mean total CTDIvol and dose-length product (DLP) were slightly higher during COVID-19 than those before (23.34 mGy vs. 22.04 mGy (p-value=0.565) and 577.36 mGy*cm vs. 518.93 mGy*cm (p-value=0.193) respectively). These changes could be attributed to the desire to limit the contact between technicians and patients. The limitation of contact with the patient allows the technicians to be independent during the scan, possibly accounting for this slight decrease.
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Akleyin E, Yavuz Y. Evaluation of Radiation Exposure Due to Dental Radiographs Taken during Endodontic Treatment Sessions in Young Permanent Teeth. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:medicina58121822. [PMID: 36557024 PMCID: PMC9784011 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58121822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the duration of treatment and the number of dental radiographs taken during endodontic treatment (endo-t) of young permanent teeth (YPT). Materials and Methods: Age, gender, affected tooth number, apex status, duration of treatment and dental radiographs taken during this period were retrospectively evaluated in pediatric patients aged 6−15 years who presented to the pedodontic department for endo-t of anterior YPT. Data were analyzed with Kruskal Wallis H, Dunn and Pearson chi-square tests. p < 0.05 was accepted as statistically significant in all analyses. Results: Anterior endo-t was initiated in 471 of 9,200 pedodontic patients between the ages of 6 and 15 years who applied to our university. The reason for seeking treatment was caries (8.1%) and trauma (91.9%). It was observed that 59% of the teeth had an open apex and 45.7% had a closed apex. A total of 1893 periapical radiographs (Per-R) and 245 panoramic radiographs (Pan-R) were taken from 471 pediatric patients during the treatment period. Total number of dental radiographs was 2138 with 4.5 per patient. Number of Per-R was lower in patients whose treatment was completed in a single session (p < 0.001). There was no difference in the number of Pan-R with respect to duration of treatment (p = 0.560). Conclusions: In children, the number of Per-R significantly increased with prolonged duration of treatment encompassing multiple sessions for endo-t procedures of anterior YPT, decided based on the apex and lesion status of the affected tooth. Especially in long-term traditional apexification treatments, treatment should be carried out in children with the ALADAIP (As Low As Diagnostically Achievable being Indication-oriented and Patient-specific) principle in mind.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebru Akleyin
- Department of Peadiatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Dicle University, Diyarbakır 21010, Turkey
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +90-5056402177
| | - Yasemin Yavuz
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Harran University, Urfa 63000, Turkey
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BATISTA ES, FRANCO A, SOARES MQS, NASCIMENTO MDCC, JUNQUEIRA JLC, OENNING AC. Assessment of cone beam computed tomography for determining position and prognosis of interradicular mini-implants. Dental Press J Orthod 2022; 27:e222190. [PMID: 36449961 PMCID: PMC9707856 DOI: 10.1590/2177-6709.27.5.e222190.oar] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of dynamic visualization of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans on orthodontist's assessment of positioning status and prognosis of interradicular mini-implants (MI). METHODS Three MI positions were virtually simulated in thirty CBCT volumes: (1) MI 1 mm from the lamina dura (LD), (2) MI touching the LD and (3) MI overlapping the LD. Each position was exposed to orthodontists (n = 35) as panoramic reconstruction, sagittal reconstruction and a sequence of axial slices. Each orthodontist evaluated the MI position (relationship with the LD) and scored the prognosis using a four-point scale (the higher the score, the better the prognosis). Kappa, Friedman and Nemenyi statistics were used. RESULTS Statistically significant associations were detected between the prognosis scores and the type of image visualized (p<0.05). The dynamic visualization of the CBCT volume (axial slices) was associated with higher scores for prognosis and more reliable evaluation of MI positioning. Inconsistent outcomes were more frequently associated with panoramic and sagittal reconstructions. CONCLUSION The dynamic visualization of axial slices allowed orthodontists to perform better assessment of MI position and considerably affected prognosis judgment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eroncy Souto BATISTA
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic (Campinas/SP, Brazil)
| | - Ademir FRANCO
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic (Campinas/SP, Brazil)
| | | | | | | | - Anne Caroline OENNING
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic (Campinas/SP, Brazil)
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Yeung AWK, Hung KF, Li DTS, Leung YY. The Use of CBCT in Evaluating the Health and Pathology of the Maxillary Sinus. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112819. [PMID: 36428879 PMCID: PMC9689855 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) has been increasing in dental practice. This narrative review summarized the relevance and utilizations of CBCT to visualize anatomical structures of the maxillary sinus and common pathologies found in the maxillary sinus. The detection/visualization rate, the location and the morphometric characteristics were described. For sinus anatomy, the reviewed features included the posterior superior alveolar artery, sinus pneumatization, sinus hypoplasia, sinus septa, and primary and accessory sinus ostia. For pathology, the following items were reviewed: membrane thickening associated with periapical lesions/periodontal lesions, mucous retention cyst, and antrolith. The visualization and assessment of the maxillary sinus is very important prior to procedures that take place in close proximity with the sinus floor, such as tooth extraction, implant insertion, and sinus floor elevation. Some sinus pathologies may be associated with odontogenic lesions, such as periapical diseases and periodontal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Wai Kan Yeung
- Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Applied Oral Sciences and Community Dental Care, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kuo Feng Hung
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Dion Tik Shun Li
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yiu Yan Leung
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Correspondence:
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Merdietio Boedi R, Shepherd S, Mânica S, Franco A. CBCT in dental age estimation: A systematic review and meta analysis. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2022; 51:20210335. [PMID: 34995103 PMCID: PMC9499196 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the reproducibility of dental age estimation methods in cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the correlation between dental (DA) and chronological (CA) ages. METHODS The scientific literature was searched in six databases (PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, Web of Science, SciELO, and OATD). Only observational studies were selected. Within each study, the outcomes of interest were (I) the quantified reproducibility of the method (κ statistics and Intraclass correlation coefficient); and (II) the correlation (r) between the dental and chronological ages. A random-effect three-level meta-analysis was conducted alongside moderator analysis based on methods, arch (maxillary/mandibular), population, and number of roots. RESULTS From 671 studies, 39 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, with one study reporting two different methods. The methods used in the studies were divided into metric (n = 17), volumetric (n = 20), staging (n = 2), and atlas (n = 1). All studies reported high examiner reproducibility. Group 1 (metric and volumetric) provided a high inverse weighted r ([Formula: see text] = -0.71, CI [-0.79,-0.61]), and Group 2 (staging) provided a medium-weighted r ([Formula: see text] = 0.49, CI [0.44, 0.53]). Moderator analysis on Group one did not show statistically significant differences between methods, tooth position, arch, and number of roots. An exception was detected in the analysis based on population (Southeast Asia, [Formula: see text] = -0.89, CI [-0.94,-0.81]). CONCLUSION There is high evidence that CBCT methods are reproducible and reliable in dental age estimation. Quantitative metric and volumetric analysis demonstrated better performance in predicting chronological age than staging. Future studies exploring population-specific variability for age estimation with metric and volumetric CBCT analysis may prove beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizky Merdietio Boedi
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.,Department of Dentistry, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Simon Shepherd
- Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Scheila Mânica
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Ademir Franco
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Belmans N, Oenning AC, Salmon B, Baselet B, Tabury K, Lucas S, Lambrichts I, Moreels M, Jacobs R, Baatout S. Radiobiological risks following dentomaxillofacial imaging: should we be concerned? Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2021; 50:20210153. [PMID: 33989056 PMCID: PMC8404518 DOI: 10.1259/dmfr.20210153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review aimed to present studies that prospectively investigated biological effects in patients following diagnostic dentomaxillofacial radiology (DMFR). METHODS Literature was systematically searched to retrieve all studies assessing radiobiological effects of using X-ray imaging in the dentomaxillofacial area, with reference to radiobiological outcomes for other imaging modalities and fields. RESULTS There is a lot of variability in the reported radiobiological assessment methods and radiation dose measures, making comparisons of radiobiological studies challenging. Most radiological DMFR studies are focusing on genotoxicity and cytotoxicity, data for 2D dentomaxillofacial radiographs, albeit with some methodological weakness biasing the results. For CBCT, available evidence is limited and few studies include comparative data on both adults and children. CONCLUSIONS In the future, one will have to strive towards patient-specific measures by considering age, gender and other individual radiation sensitivity-related factors. Ultimately, future radioprotection strategies should build further on the concept of personalized medicine, with patient-specific optimization of the imaging protocol, based on radiobiological variables.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Caroline Oenning
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São, Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Bjorn Baselet
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Radiobiology Unit, Boeretang 200, Mol, Belgium
| | | | - Stéphane Lucas
- Laboratory of Analysis by Nuclear Reaction (LARN/PMR), Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, University of Namur, Namur, Belgium
| | - Ivo Lambrichts
- Morphology Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building C, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Marjan Moreels
- Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK CEN), Radiobiology Unit, Boeretang 200, Mol, Belgium
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