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Wang F, Liu H, Liu F. Analysis of the effect of triclosan on gonadal differentiation of zebrafish based on metabolome. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 331:138856. [PMID: 37149099 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Although the previous research confirmed that triclosan (TCS) affects the female proportion at the early stage of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and has an estrogen effect, the mechanism by which TCS affects the sex differentiation of zebrafish is not entirely clear. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of TCS (0, 2, 10, and 50 μg/L) for 50 consecutive days. The expression of sex differentiation related genes and metabolites were then determined in larvae using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (LC-MS), respectively. TCS upregulated the expression of the sox9a, dmrt1a and amh genes, down-regulating the expression of wnt4a, cyp19a1b, cyp19a1a, and vtg2 gene. The overlapped classification of Significant Differential Metabolites (SDMs) between the control group and three TCS treated groups related to gonadal differentiation was Steroids and steroid derivatives, including 24 down-regulated SDMs. The enriched pathways related to gonadal differentiation were Steroid hormone biosynthesis, Retinol metabolism, Metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, and Cortisol synthesis and secretion. Moreover, SDMs were significantly enriched in Steroid hormone biosynthesis in the 2 μg/L TCS group, which included Dihydrotestosterone, Cortisol, 11beta-hydroxyandrost-4-ene-3, 17-dione, 21-Hydroxypregnenolone, Androsterone, Androsterone glucuronide, Estriol, Estradiol, 19-Hydroxytestosterone, Cholesterol, Testosterone, and Cortisone acetate. Results showed that TCS affects the female proportion mainly through Steroid hormone biosynthesis, in which aromatase plays a key role in zebrafish. Retinol metabolism, metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome P450, and cortisol synthesis and secretion may also participate in TCS-mediated sex differentiation. These findings reveal the molecular mechanisms of TCS-induced sex differentiation, and provide theoretical guidance for the maintenance of water ecological balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wang
- School of Biological Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471022, China.
| | - Haifang Liu
- School of Energy and Environment, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450007, China
| | - Fei Liu
- School of Biological Science, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, 471022, China
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2
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Tang R, Xu C, Zhu Y, Yan J, Yao Z, Zhou W, Gui L, Li M. Identification and expression analysis of sex biased miRNAs in chinese hook snout carp Opsariichthys bidens. Front Genet 2022; 13:990683. [PMID: 36118893 PMCID: PMC9478731 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.990683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As an economically important fish, Opsariichthys bidens has obvious sexual dimorphism and strong reproductive capacity, but no epigenetics study can well explain its phenotypic variations. In recent years, many microRNAs involved in the regulation of reproductive development have been explored. In this study, the small RNA libraries of O. bidens on the testis and ovary were constructed and sequenced. A total of 295 known miRNAs were obtained and 100 novel miRNAs were predicted. By comparing testis and ovary libraries, 115 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were selected, of which 53 were up-regulated and 62 were down-regulated. A total of 64 GO items (padj < 0.01) and 206 KEGG pathways (padj < 0.01) were enriched in the target gene of miRNA. After that, the expression levels of nine DE miRNAs, including let-7a, miR-146b, miR-18c, miR-202-5p, miR-135c, miR-9-5p, miR-34c-3p, miR-460-5p and miR-338 were verified by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, bidirectional prediction of DE miRNAs and sex-related genes was carried out and the targeting correlation between miR-9-5p and nanos1 was verified by Dual-Luciferase reporter assay. Our findings identified the differentially expressed miRNA and paved the way to new possibilities for the follow-up study on the mechanism of miRNA-mRNA interaction in the gonads of O. bidens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongkang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yefei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinpeng Yan
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziliang Yao
- Lishui Fishery Technical Extension Station, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenzong Zhou
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lang Gui
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lang Gui, ; Mingyou Li,
| | - Mingyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lang Gui, ; Mingyou Li,
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Wang H, Qu M, Tang W, Liu S, Ding S. Transcriptome Profiling and Expression Localization of Key Sex-Related Genes in a Socially-Controlled Hermaphroditic Clownfish, Amphiprion clarkii. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169085. [PMID: 36012348 PMCID: PMC9409170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Clownfish can be an excellent research model for investigating the socially-controlled sexual development of sequential hermaphrodite teleosts. However, the molecular cascades underlying the social cues that orchestrate the sexual development process remain poorly understood. Here, we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis of gonads from females, males, and nonbreeders of Amphiprion clarkii, which constitute a complete social group, allowing us to investigate the molecular regulatory network under social control. Our analysis highlighted that the gonads of nonbreeders and males exhibited high similarities but were far from females, both in global transcriptomic profiles and histological characteristics, and identified numerous candidate genes involved in sexual development, some well-known and some novel. Significant upregulation of cyp19a1a, foxl2, nr5a1a, wnt4a, hsd3b7, and pgr in females provides strong evidence for the importance of steroidogenesis in ovarian development and maintenance, with cyp19a1a playing a central role. Amh and sox8 are two potential key factors that may regulate testicular tissue development in early and late stages, respectively, as they are expressed at higher levels in males than in females, but with slightly different expression timings. Unlike previous descriptions in other fishes, the unique expression pattern of dmrt1 in A. clarkii implied its potential function in both male and female gonads, and we speculated that it might play promoting roles in the early development of both testicular and ovarian tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Wang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Meng Qu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (GML, Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shufang Liu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (S.D.)
| | - Shaoxiong Ding
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Correspondence: (S.L.); (S.D.)
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4
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Abstract
In this systematic review, we highlight the differences between the male and female zebrafish brains to understand their differentiation and their use in studying sex-specific neurological diseases. Male and female brains display subtle differences at the cellular level which may be important in driving sex-specific signaling. Sex differences in the brain have been observed in humans as well as in non-human species. However, the molecular mechanisms of brain sex differentiation remain unclear. The classical model of brain sex differentiation suggests that the steroid hormones derived from the gonads are the primary determinants in establishing male and female neural networks. Recent studies indicate that the developing brain shows sex-specific differences in gene expression prior to gonadal hormone action. Hence, genetic differences may also be responsible for differentiating the brain into male and female types. Understanding the signaling mechanisms involved in brain sex differentiation could help further elucidate the sex-specific incidences of certain neurological diseases. The zebrafish model could be appropriate for enhancing our understanding of brain sex differentiation and the signaling involved in neurological diseases. Zebrafish brains show sex-specific differences at the hormonal level, and recent advances in RNA sequencing have highlighted critical sex-specific differences at the transcript level. The differences are also evident at the cellular and metabolite levels, which could be important in organizing sex-specific neuronal signaling. Furthermore, in addition to having one ortholog for 70% of the human gene, zebrafish also shares brain structural similarities with other higher eukaryotes, including mammals. Hence, deciphering brain sex differentiation in zebrafish will help further enhance the diagnostic and pharmacological intervention of neurological diseases.
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5
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Gao D, Huang J, Lin G, Lu J. A time-course transcriptome analysis of gonads from yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) reveals genes associated with gonad development. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:409. [PMID: 35637435 PMCID: PMC9153201 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08651-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The yellow catfish, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, is a commercially important fish species. It is widely distributed in the fresh water areas of China, including rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Like many other aquaculture fish species, people have observed significant size dimorphism between male and female yellow catfish and it shows a growth advantage in males. Results Here, at the first time, the time-course transcriptome was used to explore the various expression profiles of genes in different gonad developmental stages and genders. A total of 2696 different expression genes (DEGs) were identified from different stages. Based on these DEGs, 13 gonad development related genes were identified which showed time-specific or sex biased expression patterns. Conclusion This study will provide the crucial information on the molecular mechanism of gonad development of female and male yellow catfish. Especially, during the different gonad development stages, these 13 gonad development related genes exhibit various expression patterns in female and male individual respectively. These results could inspire and facilitate us to understanding the various roles of these genes play in different gonad development stages and genders. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08651-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Gao
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Junrou Huang
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Genmei Lin
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Jianguo Lu
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China. .,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519080, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong, China. .,Pearl River Estuary Marine Ecosystem Research Station, Ministry of Education, Zhuhai, 519000, China.
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6
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Environmental hypoxia: A threat to the gonadal development and reproduction in bony fishes. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aaf.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Sharma P, Purohit S, Kothiyal S, Negi S, Bhattacharya I. Sex Specific Transcriptional Regulation of Gonadal Steroidogenesis in Teleost Fishes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:820241. [PMID: 35250877 PMCID: PMC8894591 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.820241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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8
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Kaitetzidou E, Gilfillan GD, Antonopoulou E, Sarropoulou E. Sex-biased dynamics of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) gene expression patterns. Genomics 2021; 114:266-277. [PMID: 34933072 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The study of the differences between sexes presents an excellent model to unravel how phenotypic variation is achieved from a similar genetic background. Sticklebacks are of particular interest since evidence of a heteromorphic chromosome pair has not always been detected. The present study investigated sex-biased mRNA and small non-coding RNA (sncRNA) expression patterns in the brain, adipose tissues, and gonads of the three-spined stickleback. The sncRNA analysis indicated that regulatory functions occurred mainly in the gonads. Alleged miRNA-mRNA interactions were established and a mapping bias of differential expressed transcripts towards chromosome 19 was observed. Key players previously shown to control sex determination and differentiation in other fish species but also genes like gapdh were among the transcripts identified. This is the first report in the three-spined stickleback demonstrating tissue-specific expression comprising both mRNA and sncRNA between sexes, emphasizing the importance of mRNA-miRNA interactions as well as new presumed genes not yet identified to have gender-specific roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet Kaitetzidou
- Institute for Marine Biology, Biotechnology, and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Greece
| | - Gregor D Gilfillan
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Efthimia Antonopoulou
- Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elena Sarropoulou
- Institute for Marine Biology, Biotechnology, and Aquaculture, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Greece.
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9
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Isabella AJ, Stonick JA, Dubrulle J, Moens CB. Intrinsic positional memory guides target-specific axon regeneration in the zebrafish vagus nerve. Development 2021; 148:272160. [PMID: 34427308 DOI: 10.1242/dev.199706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration after peripheral nerve damage requires that axons re-grow to the correct target tissues in a process called target-specific regeneration. Although much is known about the mechanisms that promote axon re-growth, re-growing axons often fail to reach the correct targets, resulting in impaired nerve function. We know very little about how axons achieve target-specific regeneration, particularly in branched nerves that require distinct targeting decisions at branch points. The zebrafish vagus motor nerve is a branched nerve with a well-defined topographic organization. Here, we track regeneration of individual vagus axons after whole-nerve laser severing and find a robust capacity for target-specific, functional re-growth. We then develop a new single-cell chimera injury model for precise manipulation of axon-environment interactions and find that (1) the guidance mechanism used during regeneration is distinct from the nerve's developmental guidance mechanism, (2) target selection is specified by neurons' intrinsic memory of their position within the brain, and (3) targeting to a branch requires its pre-existing innervation. This work establishes the zebrafish vagus nerve as a tractable regeneration model and reveals the mechanistic basis of target-specific regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Isabella
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Jason A Stonick
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Julien Dubrulle
- Shared Resources, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Cecilia B Moens
- Basic Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
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10
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Ning J, Cao W, Lu X, Chen M, Liu B, Wang C. Identification and functional analysis of a sex-biased transcriptional factor Foxl2 in the bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 256:110638. [PMID: 34171478 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Transcription factor Foxl2 is an evolutionarily conserved gene playing pivotal roles in regulation of early ovarian differentiation and maintenance in animals. However, the Foxl2 gene has not been thoroughly studied in hermaphroditic scallops. In this study, we cloned and characterized a Foxl2 (designated as AiFoxl2) from the bay scallop Argopecten irradians irradians. The open reading frame of AiFoxl2 was 1122 bp encoding 373 amino acids residues and contained a conserved forkhead box domain. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that AiFoxl2 was mainly expressed in the ovary. Moreover, the highest expression of AiFoxl2 in the ovary was detected at proliferative stage and growing stage, while the lowest level was found at resting stage. During the embryonic and larval development, expression of AiFoxl2 was found first in fertilized eggs, increased significantly at the blastula stage, and reached peak value at the D-larvae stage. When AiFoxl2 was knocked down, testis development-related genes (Dmrt1, Sox7 and Sox9) were up-regulated significantly while the ovary development-related genes (Vg, HSD14, and GATA-1) were down-regulated manifestly. These findings suggested that AiFoxl2 was a female-related gene in A. i. irradians and may be involved in regulation of ovarian development and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Ning
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Weian Cao
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Xia Lu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Min Chen
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Bo Liu
- College of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chunde Wang
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China; College of Marine Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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11
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Casas L, Saborido-Rey F. Environmental Cues and Mechanisms Underpinning Sex Change in Fish. Sex Dev 2021; 15:108-121. [PMID: 34111868 DOI: 10.1159/000515274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fishes are the only vertebrates that undergo sex change during their lifetime, but even within this group, a unique reproductive strategy is displayed by only 1.5% of the teleosts. This lability in alternating sexual fate is the result of the simultaneous suppression and activation of opposing male and female networks. Here, we provide a brief review summarizing recent advances in our understanding of the environmental cues that trigger sex change and their perception, integration, and translation into molecular cascades that convert the sex of an individual. We particularly focus on molecular events underpinning the complex behavioral and morphological transformation involved in sex change, dissecting the main molecular players and regulatory networks that shape the transformation of one sex into the opposite. We show that histological changes and molecular pathways governing gonadal reorganization are better described than the neuroendocrine basis of sex change and that, despite important advances, information is lacking for the majority of hermaphrodite species. We highlight significant gaps in our knowledge of how sex change takes place and suggest future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Casas
- Ecology and Marine Resources, Institute of Marine Research (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain
| | - Fran Saborido-Rey
- Ecology and Marine Resources, Institute of Marine Research (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Spain
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12
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Sun D, Chen Q, Zhu B, Zhao H, Duan S. Multigenerational reproduction and developmental toxicity, and HPG axis gene expression study on environmentally-relevant concentrations of nonylphenol in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 764:144259. [PMID: 33387771 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is a toxic xenobiotic compound, which is persistent in the aquatic environment and is extremely toxic to aquatic organisms. Although the exact molecular mechanisms of its toxic effect are well understood, the multigenerational reproduction and multigenerational - gene expression changes caused by NP still remain unclear. The following work investigated the effect of NP on four consecutive generations of zebrafish by examining their growth and several reproductive parameters, the degree of gonad damage, and the expression of related reproduction related genes. The results showed that high concentrations (20 and 200 μg·L-1) of NP could decrease growth and induce gonad damage in zebrafish. In addition, gnrh2 and gnrh3 genes were up-regulated, and fshβ and lhβ genes were downregulated in the hypothalamus in male zebrafish; while in female fish, the fshβ and lhβ were upregulated in P and F1 generations, and then down-regulated in the F2 generation. Meanwhile, the cyp19a1a gene was downregulated in the gonad of male fish, while the genes of fshr, lhr and esr showed a downward trend in females. Compared to P generation, F2 generation was more tolerant to higher NP concentrations (20 and 200 μg·L-1), as was also more sensitive to lower concentrations of NP (2 μg·L-1). Consequently, stress and damage caused by environmentally-relevant concentrations of aquatic pollutants in a vertebrate model were measured and predicted. Prevention and control measures can be actively and effectively proposed, which might be transversal to other exposed organisms, including humans. After several generations, typical transgenerational genetic phenomena might occur, which should be addressed by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, State Defense Key Laboratory of the Nuclear Waste and Environmental Security, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Shunshan Duan
- Department of Ecology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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13
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Ajmani N, Yasmin T, Docker MF, Good SV. Transcriptomic analysis of gonadal development in parasitic and non-parasitic lampreys (Ichthyomyzon spp.), with a comparison of genomic resources in these non-model species. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 11:6134134. [PMID: 33576778 PMCID: PMC8022942 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Lampreys are jawless fishes that diverged ∼550 million years ago from other vertebrates. Sequencing of the somatic and the germline genomes of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in 2013 and 2018, respectively, has helped to improve our understanding of the genes and gene networks that control many aspects of lamprey development. However, little is known about the genetic basis of gonadal differentiation in lampreys, partly due to the prolonged period during which their gonads remain sexually indeterminate. We performed RNA-sequencing on gonadal samples from four chestnut lamprey (Ichthyomyzon castaneus) and six northern brook lamprey (I. fossor) to identify differentially expressed genes (DEG’s) and pathways associated with transcriptomic differences in: (1) larvae during early gonadal differentiation versus definitive females (i.e., with oocytes in the slow cytoplasmic growth phase); and (2) females versus definitive males undergoing spermatogonial proliferation. We compared the mapping percentages of these transcriptomes to the two available sea lamprey reference genomes and three annotation files (Ensembl and UCSC for the somatic genome and SIMRbase for the germline genome). We found that mapping the RNA-seq reads to the germline genome gave superior results and, using Trinotate, we provided new putative annotations for 8161 genes in the somatic assembly and 880 genes for the germline assembly. We identified >2000 DEG’s between stages and sexes, as well as biological pathways associated with each. Interestingly, some of the upregulated genes (e.g., DEG’s associated with spermiation) suggest that changes in gene expression can precede morphological changes by several months. In contrast, only 81 DEG’s were evident between the chestnut lamprey (that remains sexually immature during an extended post-metamorphic parasitic feeding phase) and the nonparasitic northern brook lamprey (that undergoes sexual maturation near the end of metamorphosis), but few replicates were available for comparable stages and sexes. This work lays the foundation for identifying and confirming the orthology and the function of genes involved in gonadal development in these and other lamprey species across more developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisha Ajmani
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Tamanna Yasmin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Margaret F Docker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Sara V Good
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Department of Biology, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Canada
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14
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The Role of Transcription Factors in Gonad Development and Sex Differentiation of a Teleost Model Fish-Guppy ( Poecilia reticulata). Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10122401. [PMID: 33333984 PMCID: PMC7765377 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The guppy (Poecilia reticulata) is one of the world's most popular ornamental fish. Due to lecithotrophic viviparous, it is commonly used in toxicological studies and environmental monitoring. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of gonad development and differentiation during guppy ontogenesis. The study mainly focused on the role and localization of potential specific sex markers and transcription factors: Sox9, Dmrt1, Erβ. For histological analysis, guppies of both sexes were collected at 1, 60, and 360 dph (day post-hatching). The gonads morphology and immunohistochemistry detection of mentioned markers localization were performed. The expression of Sox9 protein was compared between sexes. Histological analysis revelated all types of male germinal cells in 60 dph guppy's testes. Maturated oocytes were visible in the ovaries of 360 dph fish. The Sox9 expression varied in spermatocytes and spermatids, from cellular to nuclear localization, and was higher in ovaries. Dmrt1 was detected in all testes groups and 360 dph ovaries. The Erβ was observed in both sexes at 60 and 360 dph. For the first time, the localization of transcription factors in guppy during ontogenesis was traced. The Sox9 designation as a factor regulating the development of germinal cells in adult guppies may facilitate the analysis of xenobiotics' influence on fish's reproductive system.
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15
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Species and tissue specific analysis based on quantitative proteomics from allotetraploid and the parents. J Proteomics 2020; 232:104073. [PMID: 33309926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Allotetraploids play central roles in the field of polyploid breeding of freshwater fishes. The molecular basis underlying distant hybridization and individual differences between allotetraploids and their parents is largely unknown. In this study, we performed quantitative proteomics profiling in gonad and liver tissues between allotetraploid and its parents Red Crucian Carp (♀) and Common Carp (♂) respectively. Thousands of proteins were identified and quantified. Species and tissue specific analysis revealed that a large number of causal proteins are specifically regulated in gonad or liver tissue in allotetraploid and its parents respectively. Subsequently, integrative bioinformatics analyses including functional enrichment, pathway and network analyses were conducted. The results suggested a series of gonad and liver specifically regulated proteins such as LSM3, LSM7, PABPC1B and ALDH3A1, EHHADHB, ACAT2 play crucial roles in reproduction-related and metabolism-related pathways including "DNA replication", "Spliceosome" and "Metabolic pathways", "Biosynthesis of antibiotics". Meanwhile, species specifically regulated proteins such as FMR1, MAO are involved in "RNA transport", "Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism". Herein, we established the first comprehensive proteomics knowledgebase for particular freshwater fishes. It may shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying polyploidy breeding and individual differences and serve as an indispensable reference for further studies. SIGNIFICANCE: The molecular basis underlying distant hybridization and individual differences between allotetraploid and their parents Red Crucian Carp and Common Carp is largely unknown. Quantitative proteomics profiling integrated with multiple bioinformatics analysis revealed that a large number of causal proteins are specifically expressed in gonad or liver tissue in allotetraploid and its parents. Herein, we established the first comprehensive proteomics knowledgebase for particular freshwater fishes. It may shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying polyploidy breeding and individual differences and serve as an indispensable reference for further associated studies.
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16
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Nagahama Y, Chakraborty T, Paul-Prasanth B, Ohta K, Nakamura M. Sex determination, gonadal sex differentiation, and plasticity in vertebrate species. Physiol Rev 2020; 101:1237-1308. [PMID: 33180655 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00044.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A diverse array of sex determination (SD) mechanisms, encompassing environmental to genetic, have been found to exist among vertebrates, covering a spectrum from fixed SD mechanisms (mammals) to functional sex change in fishes (sequential hermaphroditic fishes). A major landmark in vertebrate SD was the discovery of the SRY gene in 1990. Since that time, many attempts to clone an SRY ortholog from nonmammalian vertebrates remained unsuccessful, until 2002, when DMY/dmrt1by was discovered as the SD gene of a small fish, medaka. Surprisingly, however, DMY/dmrt1by was found in only 2 species among more than 20 species of medaka, suggesting a large diversity of SD genes among vertebrates. Considerable progress has been made over the last 3 decades, such that it is now possible to formulate reasonable paradigms of how SD and gonadal sex differentiation may work in some model vertebrate species. This review outlines our current understanding of vertebrate SD and gonadal sex differentiation, with a focus on the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved. An impressive number of genes and factors have been discovered that play important roles in testicular and ovarian differentiation. An antagonism between the male and female pathway genes exists in gonads during both sex differentiation and, surprisingly, even as adults, suggesting that, in addition to sex-changing fishes, gonochoristic vertebrates including mice maintain some degree of gonadal sexual plasticity into adulthood. Importantly, a review of various SD mechanisms among vertebrates suggests that this is the ideal biological event that can make us understand the evolutionary conundrums underlying speciation and species diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitaka Nagahama
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan.,South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Ainan, Japan.,Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tapas Chakraborty
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan.,South Ehime Fisheries Research Center, Ehime University, Ainan, Japan.,Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukouka, Japan.,Karatsu Satellite of Aqua-Bioresource Innovation Center, Kyushu University, Karatsu, Japan
| | - Bindhu Paul-Prasanth
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan.,Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidapeetham, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Kohei Ohta
- Laboratory of Marine Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukouka, Japan
| | - Masaru Nakamura
- Sesoko Station, Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan.,Research Center, Okinawa Churashima Foundation, Okinawa, Japan
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17
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Laopichienpong N, Kraichak E, Singchat W, Sillapaprayoon S, Muangmai N, Suntrarachun S, Baicharoen S, Peyachoknagul S, Chanhome L, Ezaz T, Srikulnath K. Genome-wide SNP analysis of Siamese cobra (Naja kaouthia) reveals the molecular basis of transitions between Z and W sex chromosomes and supports the presence of an ancestral super-sex chromosome in amniotes. Genomics 2020; 113:624-636. [PMID: 33002626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of the process of sex chromosome differentiation is necessary to understand the dynamics of evolutionary mechanisms in organisms. The W sex chromosome of the Siamese cobra (Naja kaouthia) contains a large number of repeats and shares amniote sex chromosomal linkages. Diversity Arrays Technology provides an effective approach to identify sex-specific loci that are epoch-making, to understand the dynamics of molecular transitions between the Z and W sex chromosomes in a snake lineage. From a total of 543 sex-specific loci, 90 showed partial homology with sex chromosomes of several amniotes and 89 loci were homologous to transposable elements. Two loci were confirmed as W-specific nucleotides after PCR amplification. These loci might result from a sex chromosome differentiation process and involve putative sex-determination regions in the Siamese cobra. Sex-specific loci shared linkage homologies among amniote sex chromosomes, supporting an ancestral super-sex chromosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nararat Laopichienpong
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Special Research Unit for Wildlife Genomics (SRUWG), Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Ekaphan Kraichak
- Department of Botany, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Worapong Singchat
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Special Research Unit for Wildlife Genomics (SRUWG), Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Siwapech Sillapaprayoon
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Special Research Unit for Wildlife Genomics (SRUWG), Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Narongrit Muangmai
- Department of Fishery Biology, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Sunutcha Suntrarachun
- Snake Farm, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sudarath Baicharoen
- Bureau of Conservation and Research, Zoological Park Organization under the Royal Patronage of His Majesty the King, Bangkok 10300, Thailand
| | - Surin Peyachoknagul
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
| | - Lawan Chanhome
- Snake Farm, Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Tariq Ezaz
- Institute for Applied Ecology, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, 2617, Australia.
| | - Kornsorn Srikulnath
- Laboratory of Animal Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics (ACCG), Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Special Research Unit for Wildlife Genomics (SRUWG), Department of Forest Biology, Faculty of Forestry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources, National Research University-Kasetsart University, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand, (CASTNAR, NRU-KU, Thailand); Center of Excellence on Agricultural Biotechnology (AG-BIO/PERDO-CHE), Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Omics Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand; Amphibian Research Center, Hiroshima University, 1-3-1, Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
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18
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Driscoll RMH, Faber-Hammond JJ, O'Rourke CF, Hurd PL, Renn SCP. Epigenetic regulation of gonadal and brain aromatase expression in a cichlid fish with environmental sex determination. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 296:113538. [PMID: 32585214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A fit animal must develop testes or ovaries, with brain and physiology to match. In species with alternative male morphs this coordination of development across tissues operates within sexes as well as between. For Pelvicachromis pulcher, an African cichlid in which early pH exposure influences both sex and alternative male morph, we sequence both copies of aromatase (cyp19a1), a key gene for sex determination. We analyze gene expression and epigenetic state, comparing gonad and brain tissue from females, alternative male morphs, and fry. Relative to brain, we find elevated expression of the A-copy in the ovaries but not testes. Methylation analysis suggests strong epigenetic regulation, with one region specifying sex and another specifying tissue. We find elevated brain expression of the B-copy with no sex or male morph differences. B-copy methylation follows that of the A-copy rather than corresponding to B-copy expression. In 30-day old fry, we see elevated B-copy expression in the head, but we do not see the expected elevated A-copy expression in the trunk that would reflect ovarian development. Interestingly, the A-copy epialleles that distinguish ovaries from testes are among the most explanatory patterns for variation among fry, suggesting epigenetic marking of sex prior to differentiation and thus laying the groundwork for mechanistic studies of epigenetic regulation of sex and morph differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose M H Driscoll
- Department of Biology, Reed College, Portland, OR, USA; Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Peter L Hurd
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Suzy C P Renn
- Department of Biology, Reed College, Portland, OR, USA.
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19
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Hayman ES, Fairgrieve WT, Luckenbach JA. Molecular and morphological sex differentiation in sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria), a marine teleost with XX/XY sex determination. Gene 2020; 764:145093. [PMID: 32866588 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic sex of an organism is determined by molecular changes in the gonads, so-called molecular sex differentiation, which should precede the rise of cellular or anatomical sex-distinguishing features. This study characterized molecular and morphological sex differentiation in sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria), a marine teleost with established XX/XY genotypic sex determination. Next generation sequencing was conducted on sablefish ovarian and testicular mRNAs to obtain sequences for transcripts associated with vertebrate sex determination and differentiation and early reproductive development. Gene-specific PCRs were developed to determine the distribution and ontogenetic gonadal expression of transcription, growth, steroidogenic and germline factors, as well as gonadotropin and steroid receptors. Molecular changes associated with sex differentiation were first apparent in both XY- and XX-genotype sablefish at ~ 60 mm in body length and prior to histological signs of sex differentiation. The earliest and most robust markers of testicular differentiation were gsdf, amh, dmrt1, cyp11b, star, sox9a, and fshr. Markedly elevated mRNA levels of several steroidogenesis-related genes and ar2 in differentiating testes suggested that androgens play a role in sablefish testicular differentiation. The earliest markers of ovarian differentiation were cyp19a1a, lhcgr, foxl2, nr0b1, and igf3. Other transcripts such as figla, zp3, and pou5f3 were expressed predominantly in XX-genotype fish and significantly increased with the first appearance and subsequent development of primary oocytes. This study provides valuable insight to the developmental sequence of events associated with gonadal sex differentiation in marine teleosts with XX/XY sex determination. It also implicates particular genes in processes of male and female development and establishes robust molecular markers for phenotypic sex in sablefish, useful for ongoing work related to sex control and reproductive sterilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward S Hayman
- Ocean Associates Inc., Under Contract to Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - William T Fairgrieve
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - J Adam Luckenbach
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA; Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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20
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Ou M, Chen K, Gao D, Wu Y, Chen Z, Luo Q, Liu H, Zhao J. Comparative transcriptome analysis on four types of gonadal tissues of blotched snakehead (Channa maculata). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2020; 35:100708. [PMID: 32674038 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2020.100708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Blotched snakehead (Channa maculata) is an economically important freshwater fish in China, of which males grow much faster than females. To illuminate the molecular mechanism of sex differentiation and gonad development, RNA-Sequencing was performed to identify sex-related genes and pathway in gonads of 6-month-old normal XX females (XX-F), normal XY males (XY-M), XY sex reversal females (XY-F) and YY super-males (YY-M). The analysis showed that many differentially expressed genes (DEGs) had similar expression patterns in XY-F and XX-F, which were different from XY-M and YY-M. qRT-PCR indicated that Amh, Dmrt1, and Sox9 had relatively high expression in testes of XY-M and YY-M. Taking Amh as an example, there was a relative fold change of 1.0 in XX-F, 2.1 fold change in XY-F, 36.1 fold change in XY-M, and 26.0 fold change in YY-M. Cyp19a1a, Figla, and Foxl2 were highly expressive in ovaries of XX-F and XY-F. Taking Figla as an example, there was a relative fold change of 557 in XX-F, 304.5 fold change in XY-F, 5.6 fold change in XY-M, and 4.4 fold change in YY-M. KEGG analysis revealed many DEGs distributed in pathways related to sex differentiation, steroid hormone synthesis and growth, etc. Significant variation and trends in relative expression levels tested by qRT-PCR were consistent with those recorded by RNA-Sequencing. This is the first time that transcriptome of snakehead has been investigated systematically and in an integrated way. Large quantities of candidate genes involved in sex differentiation, gonad development and growth dimorphism were identified. The study provides useful resources for understanding sex differentiation and growth dimorphism, potentially assisting mono-sex production of snakehead in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Kunci Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Dandan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yanduo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China.
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21
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Isabella AJ, Barsh GR, Stonick JA, Dubrulle J, Moens CB. Retinoic Acid Organizes the Zebrafish Vagus Motor Topographic Map via Spatiotemporal Coordination of Hgf/Met Signaling. Dev Cell 2020; 53:344-357.e5. [PMID: 32302545 PMCID: PMC7237105 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Information flow through neural circuits often requires their organization into topographic maps in which the positions of cell bodies and synaptic targets correspond. To understand how topographic map development is controlled, we examine the mechanism underlying targeting of vagus motor axons to the pharyngeal arches in zebrafish. We reveal that retinoic acid organizes topography by specifying anterior-posterior identity in vagus motor neurons. We then show that chemoattractant signaling between Hgf and Met is required for vagus innervation of the pharyngeal arches. Finally, we find that retinoic acid controls the spatiotemporal dynamics of Hgf/Met signaling to coordinate axon targeting with the developmental progression of the pharyngeal arches and show that experimentally altering the timing of Hgf/Met signaling is sufficient to redirect axon targeting and disrupt the topographic map. These findings establish a mechanism of topographic map development in which the regulation of chemoattractant signaling in space and time guides axon targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Isabella
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Gabrielle R Barsh
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program and Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jason A Stonick
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Julien Dubrulle
- Shared Resources, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Cecilia B Moens
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program and Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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22
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Taslima K, Wehner S, Taggart JB, de Verdal H, Benzie JAH, Bekaert M, McAndrew BJ, Penman DJ. Sex determination in the GIFT strain of tilapia is controlled by a locus in linkage group 23. BMC Genet 2020; 21:49. [PMID: 32349678 PMCID: PMC7189693 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-020-00853-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tilapias (Family Cichlidae) are the second most important group of aquaculture species in the world. They have been the subject of much research on sex determination due to problems caused by early maturation in culture and their complex sex-determining systems. Different sex-determining loci (linkage group 1, 20 and 23) have been detected in various tilapia stocks. The ‘genetically improved farmed tilapia’ (GIFT) stock, founded from multiple Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) populations, with some likely to have been introgressed with O. mossambicus, is a key resource for tilapia aquaculture. The sex-determining mechanism in the GIFT stock was unknown, but potentially complicated due to its multiple origins. Results A bulk segregant analysis (BSA) version of double-digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (BSA-ddRADseq) was developed and used to detect and position sex-linked single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in 19 families from the GIFT strain breeding nucleus and two Stirling families as controls (a single XY locus had been previously mapped to LG1 in the latter). About 1500 SNPs per family were detected across the genome. Phenotypic sex in Stirling families showed strong association with LG1, whereas only SNPs located in LG23 showed clear association with sex in the majority of the GIFT families. No other genomic regions linked to sex determination were apparent. This region was validated using a series of LG23-specific DNA markers (five SNPs with highest association to sex from this study, the LG23 sex-associated microsatellite UNH898 and ARO172, and the recently isolated amhy marker for individual fish (n = 284). Conclusions Perhaps surprisingly given its multiple origins, sex determination in the GIFT strain breeding nucleus was associated only with a locus in LG23. BSA-ddRADseq allowed cost-effective analysis of multiple families, strengthening this conclusion. This technique has potential to be applied to other complex traits. The sex-linked SNP markers identified will be useful for potential marker-assisted selection (MAS) to control sex-ratio in GIFT tilapia to suppress unwanted reproduction during growout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanam Taslima
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.,Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Stefanie Wehner
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - John B Taggart
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Hugues de Verdal
- WorldFish Centre, Jalan Batu Maung, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia.,CIRAD, UMR ISEM, F-34398 Montpellier, France; ISEM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - John A H Benzie
- WorldFish Centre, Jalan Batu Maung, Bayan Lepas, Penang, Malaysia.,School of Biological Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michaël Bekaert
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Brendan J McAndrew
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - David J Penman
- Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
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23
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Yan Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Ren L, Dong X, Zhang C, Zeng Y, Liu S. Upregulation of TDRD1 Promotes the Sexual Maturation in Allotetraploids Hybridized from Red Crucian Carp (Carassius auratus Red var) (♀) and Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L) (♂). J Proteome Res 2020; 19:2337-2345. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Yude Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Junting Wang
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Li Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoping Dong
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Chun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
- The National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Animal Peptide Drug Development, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China
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24
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Castro JP, Hattori RS, Yoshinaga TT, Silva DMZDA, Ruiz-Ruano FJ, Foresti F, Santos MH, de Almeida MC, Moreira-Filho O, Artoni RF. Differential Expression of Genes Related to Sexual Determination Can Modify the Reproductive Cycle of Astyanax scabripinnis (Characiformes: Characidae) in B Chromosome Carrier Individuals. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:E909. [PMID: 31717315 PMCID: PMC6896079 DOI: 10.3390/genes10110909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The species complex Astyanax scabripinnis is one of the most studied with respect to origin, distribution, and frequency of B chromosomes, and is considered a model organism for evolutionary studies. Research using population inferences about the occurrence and frequency of the B chromosome shows seasonal variation between sexes, which is associated with the presence of this supernumerary element. We hypothesized that the B chromosome could influence the sex ratio of these animals. Based on this assumption, the present work aimed to investigate if differences exist among levels of gene expression with qRT-PCR of the amh (associated with testicular differentiation) and foxl2a (associated with ovarian differentiation) genes between B-carrier and non-B-carrier individuals. The results showed that for the amh gene, the difference in expression between animals with B chromosomes was not accentuated compared to that in animals without this chromosome. Expression of foxl2a in B-carrier females, however, was reduced by 73.56% compared to females that lacked the B chromosome. Males had no difference in expression of the amh and foxl2a genes between carriers and non-carriers of the B chromosome. Results indicate that the presence of B chromosomes is correlated with the differential expression of sex-associated genes. An analysis of these results integrated with data from other studies on the reproductive cycle in the same species reveals that this difference in expression may be expanding the reproductive cycle of the species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Pena Castro
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva e Genética Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil; (O.M.-F.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Ricardo Shohei Hattori
- Estação Experimental de Salmonicultura de Campos do Jordão, UPD-CJ (APTA/SAA), Campos do Jordão, São Paulo, SP 12460-000, Brazil;
| | - Túlio Teruo Yoshinaga
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Cirurgia, Universidade de São Paulo, Butantã, Rua Professor Orlando Marque Paiva, São Paulo, SP 05508-270, Brazil;
| | - Duílio Mazzoni Zerbinato de Andrade Silva
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n, Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil; (D.M.Z.d.A.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Francisco J. Ruiz-Ruano
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden;
| | - Fausto Foresti
- Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Distrito de Rubião Junior, s/n, Botucatu, SP 18618-970, Brazil; (D.M.Z.d.A.S.); (F.F.)
| | - Mateus Henrique Santos
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (M.C.d.A.)
| | - Mara Cristina de Almeida
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (M.C.d.A.)
| | - Orlando Moreira-Filho
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva e Genética Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil; (O.M.-F.); (R.F.A.)
| | - Roberto Ferreira Artoni
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva e Genética Molecular, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil; (O.M.-F.); (R.F.A.)
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Molecular e Genética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR 84030-900, Brazil; (M.H.S.); (M.C.d.A.)
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25
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Huynh TB, Fairgrieve WT, Hayman ES, Lee JSF, Luckenbach JA. Inhibition of ovarian development and instances of sex reversal in genotypic female sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) exposed to elevated water temperature. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 279:88-98. [PMID: 30594588 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study determined high temperature effects on ovarian development in a marine groundfish species, sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria), with potential application in sex reversal or sterilization for aquaculture. Monosex female (XX-genotype) sablefish larvae (∼30 mm) were randomly divided into three groups and exposed to control (15.6 °C ± 0.8 °C), moderate (20.4 °C ± 0.5 °C), or high (21.7 °C ± 0.5 °C) temperatures for 19 weeks. Treated fish were then tagged and transferred to ambient seawater (11.2 °C ± 2.3 °C) for one year to determine whether temperature effects on reproductive development were maintained post-treatment. Fish were periodically sampled for gonadal histology, gene expression and plasma 17β-estradiol (E2) analyses to assess gonadal development. Short-term (4-week) exposure to elevated temperatures had only minor effects, whereas longer exposure (12-19 weeks) markedly inhibited ovarian development. Fish from the moderate and high treatment groups had significantly less developed ovaries relative to controls, and mRNA levels for germ cell (vasa, zpc) and apoptosis-associated genes (p53, casp8) generally indicated gonadal degeneration. The high treatment group also had significantly reduced plasma E2 levels and elevated gonadal amh gene expression. After one year at ambient temperatures, however, ovaries of moderate and high treatment fish exhibited compensatory recovery and were indistinguishable from controls. Two genotypic females possessing immature testes (neomales) were observed in the high treatment group, indicating sex reversal had occurred (6% rate). These results demonstrate that extreme elevated temperatures may inhibit ovarian development or trigger sex reversal. High temperature treatment is likely not an effective sterilization method but may be preferable for sablefish neomale broodstock production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thao B Huynh
- School of Marine and Environmental Affairs, University of Washington, 3710 Brooklyn Ave NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - William T Fairgrieve
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Edward S Hayman
- Ocean Associates Inc., Under Contract to Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - Jonathan S F Lee
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA
| | - J Adam Luckenbach
- Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112, USA; Center for Reproductive Biology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
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26
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Thomas JT, Todd EV, Muncaster S, Lokman PM, Damsteegt EL, Liu H, Soyano K, Gléonnec F, Lamm MS, Godwin JR, Gemmell NJ. Conservation and diversity in expression of candidate genes regulating socially-induced female-male sex change in wrasses. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7032. [PMID: 31218121 PMCID: PMC6568253 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fishes exhibit remarkably diverse, and plastic, patterns of sexual development, most striking of which is sequential hermaphroditism, where individuals readily reverse sex in adulthood. How this stunning example of phenotypic plasticity is controlled at a genetic level remains poorly understood. Several genes have been implicated in regulating sex change, yet the degree to which a conserved genetic machinery orchestrates this process has not yet been addressed. Using captive and in-the-field social manipulations to initiate sex change, combined with a comparative qPCR approach, we compared expression patterns of four candidate regulatory genes among three species of wrasses (Labridae)-a large and diverse teleost family where female-to-male sex change is pervasive, socially-cued, and likely ancestral. Expression in brain and gonadal tissues were compared among the iconic tropical bluehead wrasse (Thalassoma bifasciatum) and the temperate spotty (Notolabrus celidotus) and kyusen (Parajulus poecilepterus) wrasses. In all three species, gonadal sex change was preceded by downregulation of cyp19a1a (encoding gonadal aromatase that converts androgens to oestrogens) and accompanied by upregulation of amh (encoding anti-müllerian hormone that primarily regulates male germ cell development), and these genes may act concurrently to orchestrate ovary-testis transformation. In the brain, our data argue against a role for brain aromatase (cyp19a1b) in initiating behavioural sex change, as its expression trailed behavioural changes. However, we find that isotocin (it, that regulates teleost socio-sexual behaviours) expression correlated with dominant male-specific behaviours in the bluehead wrasse, suggesting it upregulation mediates the rapid behavioural sex change characteristic of blueheads and other tropical wrasses. However, it expression was not sex-biased in temperate spotty and kyusen wrasses, where sex change is more protracted and social groups may be less tightly-structured. Together, these findings suggest that while key components of the molecular machinery controlling gonadal sex change are phylogenetically conserved among wrasses, neural pathways governing behavioural sex change may be more variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodi T. Thomas
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Erica V. Todd
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Simon Muncaster
- Faculty of Primary Industries, Environment and Science, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, Tauranga, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand
| | - P Mark Lokman
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Erin L. Damsteegt
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Kiyoshi Soyano
- Institute for East China Sea Research, Organization for Marine Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Taira-machi, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Florence Gléonnec
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
- BIOSIT - Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie-Santé de Rennes, Université Rennes I, Rennes, France
| | - Melissa S. Lamm
- Department of Biological Sciences and WM Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - John R. Godwin
- Department of Biological Sciences and WM Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Neil J. Gemmell
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
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27
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Herpin A, Schmidt C, Kneitz S, Gobé C, Regensburger M, Le Cam A, Montfort J, Adolfi MC, Lillesaar C, Wilhelm D, Kraeussling M, Mourot B, Porcon B, Pannetier M, Pailhoux E, Ettwiller L, Dolle D, Guiguen Y, Schartl M. A novel evolutionary conserved mechanism of RNA stability regulates synexpression of primordial germ cell-specific genes prior to the sex-determination stage in medaka. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000185. [PMID: 30947255 PMCID: PMC6448818 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dmrt1 is a highly conserved transcription factor, which is critically involved in regulation of gonad development of vertebrates. In medaka, a duplicate of dmrt1-acting as master sex-determining gene-has a tightly timely and spatially controlled gonadal expression pattern. In addition to transcriptional regulation, a sequence motif in the 3' UTR (D3U-box) mediates transcript stability of dmrt1 mRNAs from medaka and other vertebrates. We show here that in medaka, two RNA-binding proteins with antagonizing properties target this D3U-box, promoting either RNA stabilization in germ cells or degradation in the soma. The D3U-box is also conserved in other germ-cell transcripts, making them responsive to the same RNA binding proteins. The evolutionary conservation of the D3U-box motif within dmrt1 genes of metazoans-together with preserved expression patterns of the targeting RNA binding proteins in subsets of germ cells-suggest that this new mechanism for controlling RNA stability is not restricted to fishes but might also apply to other vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaury Herpin
- INRA, UR1037 Fish Physiology and Genomics, Rennes, France
- University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, Wuerzburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Cornelia Schmidt
- University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Kneitz
- University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Clara Gobé
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | | | - Aurélie Le Cam
- INRA, UR1037 Fish Physiology and Genomics, Rennes, France
| | | | - Mateus C. Adolfi
- University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christina Lillesaar
- University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wilhelm
- University of Melbourne, Department of Anatomy & Neuroscience, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Kraeussling
- University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Maëlle Pannetier
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Eric Pailhoux
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Laurence Ettwiller
- University of Heidelberg, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Department of Developmental Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk Dolle
- University of Heidelberg, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Department of Developmental Biology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yann Guiguen
- INRA, UR1037 Fish Physiology and Genomics, Rennes, France
| | - Manfred Schartl
- University of Wuerzburg, Physiological Chemistry, Biocenter, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University Hospital, Wuerzburg, Germany
- Hagler Institute for Advanced Study and Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
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28
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Whitlock KE, Postlethwait J, Ewer J. Neuroendocrinology of reproduction: Is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) dispensable? Front Neuroendocrinol 2019; 53:100738. [PMID: 30797802 PMCID: PMC7216701 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) is a highly conserved neuroendocrine decapeptide that is essential for the onset of puberty and the maintenance of the reproductive state. First identified in mammals, the GnRH signaling pathway is found in all classes of vertebrates; homologues of GnRH have also been identified in invertebrates. In addition to its role as a hypothalamic releasing hormone, GnRH has multiple functions including modulating neural activity within specific regions of the brain. These various functions are mediated by multiple isoforms, which are expressed at diverse locations within the central nervous system. Here we discuss the GnRH signaling pathways in light of new reports that reveal that some vertebrate genomes lack GnRH1. Not only do other isoforms of GnRH not compensate for this gene loss, but elements upstream of GnRH1, including kisspeptins, appear to also be dispensable. We discuss routes that may compensate for the loss of the GnRH1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E Whitlock
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaiso (CINV), Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaiso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaiso, Chile.
| | - John Postlethwait
- Institute of Neuroscience, 324 Huestis Hall, 1254 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-1254, USA
| | - John Ewer
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaiso (CINV), Instituto de Neurociencia, Universidad de Valparaiso, Avenida Gran Bretaña 1111, Valparaiso, Chile
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29
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Cao F, Martyniuk CJ, Wu P, Zhao F, Pang S, Wang C, Qiu L. Long-Term Exposure to Environmental Concentrations of Azoxystrobin Delays Sexual Development and Alters Reproduction in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:1672-1679. [PMID: 30615409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b05829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The strobilurin fungicide azoxystrobin (AZO) can induce adverse effects in aquatic organisms, but data are lacking on endpoints associated with sexual development and reproduction following chronic exposure to AZO. In this study, zebrafish embryos (F0) at 2-4 h postfertilization (hpf) were exposed to 0.2, 2.0, and 20.0 μg/L AZO until 120 d postfertilization (dpf). Decreased male ratio and increased intersex ratio were observed by 20.0 μg/L AZO at 42 and 60 dpf, but this effect disappeared at 120 dpf. AZO at 20.0 μg/L inhibited growth, retarded gonadal development, and disrupted sex hormone and vitellogenin in females at 60 and 120 dpf and in males at 42, 60, and 120 dpf. These effects were associated with altered expression of cyp19a, cyp19b, hsd3b, hsd17b, vtg1, and vtg2. Exposure to 2.0 μg/L AZO altered mRNA levels of these transcripts in females at 120 dpf and in males at 60 and 120 dpf. Reproduction ability was reduced by 20.0 μg/L AZO at 120 dpf. Developmental defects were observed after F1 embryos from exposed parents of 20.0 μg/L were reared in AZO-free water at 96 hpf. Overall, these data provide new understanding of fish sexual development and reproduction following chronic exposures to AZO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Cao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Peizhuo Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Sen Pang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Chengju Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Science , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
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30
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Han Y, Zhao M, Wang L, Yu Z, Wang J, Yu Q, Xiao L, Lu M, Li S, Zhang Y, Lin H. Overexpression of Anti-müllerian Hormone Gene in vivo Affects Gonad Sex Differentiation in Undifferentiated Orange-Spotted Groupers ( Epinephelus coioides). Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:210. [PMID: 31024449 PMCID: PMC6459890 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex differentiation in teleost fishes occurs in response to sex determination signals, which induce the gonad to develop as either an ovary or testis. However, sex differentiation mechanisms in fishes are diverse, and information on gonad differentiation in sex changing fishes remains limited. The orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) is a protogynous hermaphroditic fish that provides an ideal model for investigating gonad differentiation in vertebrates. In this study, Transcriptome data showed that expression levels of amh and amhrII in gonads were increased during sex differentiation. Then we investigated the effect of overexpression anti-Müllerian hormone (Amh) on gonad development in juvenile orange-spotted groupers. Expression levels of female-related genes and serum 17β-estradiol levels were decreased, while expression of male-related genes and serum 11-ketotestosterone levels were increased in fish fed with amh-plasmid. Overexpression of Amh was also promoted the spermatogonia proliferation and induced the development of male gonads in undifferentiated orange-spotted groupers, but that this male tendency was preceded by female differentiation. In summary, these results illustrated that Amh overexpression by amh-plasmid feeding induced male gonad development in undifferentiated groupers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mi Zhao
| | - Le Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zeshu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingwei Lu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Shuisheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- Yong Zhang
| | - Haoran Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Ocean, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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31
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Shen ZG, Eissa N, Yao H, Xie ZG, Wang HP. Effects of Temperature on the Expression of Two Ovarian Differentiation-Related Genes foxl2 and cyp19a1a. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1208. [PMID: 30356866 PMCID: PMC6190877 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to stress induces a series of responses and influences a wide range of biological processes including sex differentiation in fish. The present work investigated the molecular and physiological response to thermal stress throughout the early development stage covering the whole period of sex differentiation of bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus. Larvae were treated using three temperatures, 17, 24, and 32°C from 6 to 90 days posthatching (dph) in 30-L round tanks. There is no significant difference of the sex ratio and survival among the three temperature groups in the geographic population used in this study. Two ovarian differentiation-related genes foxl2 and cyp19a1a were detected at 7 dph suggesting that these genes have already played a role prior to sex differentiation. The expression of foxl2 reached the peak and was thermosensitive just prior to the onset of ovarian differentiation at 27 dph. Histological examination displayed that the proliferation of germ cells and ovarian differentiation were delayed at the low-temperature treatment (17°C) at 97 dph compared with higher temperatures. In conclusion, the water temperature regulates the sex differentiation of bluegill through modulation of the expression of foxl2 and cyp19a1a. A comparative study of the expression profile of sex differentiation-related genes in species will shed light on the evolution of sex-determination mechanisms and the impact of stress on sex differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Shen
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States.,College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Nour Eissa
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States.,Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Hong Yao
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States
| | - Zhi-Gang Xie
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States.,College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Han-Ping Wang
- Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, OH, United States
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32
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Li R, Zhang L, Li W, Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang M, Zhao L, Hu X, Wang S, Bao Z. FOXL2 and DMRT1L Are Yin and Yang Genes for Determining Timing of Sex Differentiation in the Bivalve Mollusk Patinopecten yessoensis. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1166. [PMID: 30246781 PMCID: PMC6113668 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex determination and differentiation have long been a research hotspot in metazoans. However, little is known about when and how sex differentiation occurs in most mollusks. In this study, we conducted a combined morphological and molecular study on sex differentiation in the Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis. Histological examination on gonads from 5- to 13-month-old juveniles revealed that the morphological sex differentiation occurred at 10 months of age. To determine the onset of molecular sex differentiation, molecular markers were screened for early identification of sex. The gonadal expression profiles of eight candidate genes for sex determination or differentiation showed that only two genes displayed sexually dimorphic expression, with FOXL2 being abundant in ovaries and DMRT1L in testes. In situ hybridization revealed that both of them were detected in germ cells and follicle cells. We therefore developed LOG10(DMRT1L/FOXL2) for scallop sex identification and confirmed its feasibility in differentiated individuals. By tracing its changes in 5- to 13-month-old juveniles, molecular sex differentiation time was determined: some scallops differentiate early in September when they are 7 months old, and some do late in December when they are 10 months old. Two kinds of coexpression patterns were found between FOXL2 and DMRT1L: expected antagonism after differentiation and unexpected coordination before differentiation. Our results revealed that scallop sex differentiation co-occurs with the formation of follicles, and molecular sex differentiation is established prior to morphological sex differentiation. Our study will assist in a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying bivalve sex differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruojiao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Wanru Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yangping Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Meiwei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoli Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Yang Q, Yang X, Liu J, Chen Y, Shen S. Effects of exposure to BPF on development and sexual differentiation during early life stages of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2018; 210:44-56. [PMID: 29758382 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol F (BPF) has become a predominant bisphenol contaminant in recent years. It has significant estrogenic properties in both in vivo and in vitro studies. We have previously studied the disrupting mechanisms of BPF on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis of adult zebrafish. However, the effects of BPF exposure on development and sexual differentiation of zebrafish embryos/larvae remain unclear. To determine the effects of BPF on the critical stage of sex differentiation in zebrafish, zebrafish embryos/larvae were exposed to 1, 10, 100, and 1000 μg/L BPF from fertilization to 60 days post-fertilization (dpf). Developmental malformations were induced by exposure to BPF from 2 h post-fertilization (hpf), with a LC50 of 10,030 μg/L at 96 hpf and 9391 μg/L at 120 hpf. Long-term exposure during sex differentiation tended to result in a female sex ratio bias. Histological analyses at 60 dpf indicated that the development of ovo-testes and immature ovaries was induced by 100 and 1000 μg/L BPF. Homogenate testosterone levels decreased and 17β-estradiol levels increased in zebrafish in a concentration-dependent manner. BPF exposure suppressed gene expression of double sex, Mab3-related transcription factor 1(dmrt1), fushi tarazu factor 1d (ff1d), sry-box containing gene 9a (sox9a) and anti-Mullerian hormone (amh); induced expression of the forkhead box L2 transcription factor (foxl2), leading to increased expression of aromatase (cyp19a1a), which promoted production of estrogens, and further caused phenotypic feminization of zebrafish. These results suggest that developmental exposure to BPF has adverse effects on sexual differentiation, and the results were useful for a BPF risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China; The College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xianhai Yang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Jining Liu
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Nanjing 210042, China.
| | - Yingwen Chen
- The College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Shubao Shen
- The College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Discovery and functional characterization of microRNAs and their potential roles for gonadal development in spotted knifejaw, Oplegnathus punctatus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 28:1-8. [PMID: 29800760 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The spotted knifejaw (Oplegnathus punctatus) is a newly emerging economical fishery species in China. Studies focused on the regulation of gonadal development and gametogenesis of spotted knifejaw are still insufficient. As a key post-transcriptional regulator, miRNAs have been shown to play important roles in development and reproduction systems. In this study, small RNA deep sequencing in ovary and testis of spotted knifejaw were performed to screen miRNA expression patterns. After sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, a total of 247 conserved known miRNAs and 41 novel miRNAs were identified in spotted knifejaw gonads for the first time. In addition, 36 miRNAs were differentially expressed between testis and ovary. The putative target genes of differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were significantly enriched in several pathways related to sexual differentiation and gonadal development, such as steroid hormone biosynthesis. Sequencing data was validated through qRT-PCR analysis of selected DE miRNAs. Dual-luciferase reporter analyses of filtered miRNA-target gene pairs confirmed that opu-miR-27b-3p targeted in piwi2 and mov10l1 3' UTRs and down-regulated their expressions in spotted knifejaw. The notion that mov10l1 and piwi2 enhance germ cells proliferation and regulate gonadal development and gametogenesis suggests that opu-miR-27b-3p may attenuated this process in the gonads of spotted knifejaw. These findings provided insights into regulatory roles of gonadal miRNAs and supplied fundamental resources for further studies on miRNA-mediated post-transcriptional regulation in reproductive system of spotted knifejaw.
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Barsh GR, Isabella AJ, Moens CB. Vagus Motor Neuron Topographic Map Determined by Parallel Mechanisms of hox5 Expression and Time of Axon Initiation. Curr Biol 2017; 27:3812-3825.e3. [PMID: 29225029 PMCID: PMC5755714 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Many networks throughout the nervous system are organized into topographic maps, where the positions of neuron cell bodies in the projecting field correspond with the positions of their axons in the target field. Previous studies of topographic map development show evidence for spatial patterning mechanisms, in which molecular determinants expressed across the projecting and target fields are matched directly in a point-to-point mapping process. Here, we describe a novel temporal mechanism of topographic map formation that depends on spatially regulated differences in the timing of axon outgrowth and functions in parallel with spatial point-to-point mapping mechanisms. We focus on the vagus motor neurons, which are topographically arranged in both mammals and fish. We show that cell position along the anterior-posterior axis of hindbrain rhombomere 8 determines expression of hox5 genes, which are expressed in posterior, but not anterior, vagus motor neurons. Using live imaging and transplantation in zebrafish embryos, we additionally reveal that axon initiation is delayed in posterior vagus motor neurons independent of neuron birth time. We show that hox5 expression directs topographic mapping without affecting time of axon outgrowth and that time of axon outgrowth directs topographic mapping without affecting hox5 expression. The vagus motor neuron topographic map is therefore determined by two mechanisms that act in parallel: a hox5-dependent spatial mechanism akin to classic mechanisms of topographic map formation and a novel axon outgrowth-dependent temporal mechanism in which time of axon formation is spatially regulated to direct axon targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle R Barsh
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Adam J Isabella
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Cecilia B Moens
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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36
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Cuco AP, Santos JI, Abrantes N, Gonçalves F, Wolinska J, Castro BB. Concentration and timing of application reveal strong fungistatic effect of tebuconazole in a Daphnia-microparasitic yeast model. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 191:141-163. [PMID: 29096087 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Given the importance of pollutant effects on host-parasite relationships and disease spread, the main goal of this study was to assess the influence of different exposure scenarios for the fungicide tebuconazole (concentration×timing of application) on a Daphnia-microparasitic yeast experimental system. Previous results had demonstrated that tebuconazole is able to suppress Metschnikowia bicuspidata infection at ecologically-relevant concentrations; here, we aimed to obtain an understanding of the mechanism underlying the anti-parasitic (fungicidal or fungistatic) action of tebuconazole. We exposed the Daphnia-yeast system to four nominal tebuconazole concentrations at four timings of application (according to the predicted stage of parasite development), replicated on two Daphnia genotypes, in a fully crossed experiment. An "all-or-nothing" effect was observed, with tebuconazole completely suppressing infection from 13.5μgl-1 upwards, independent of the timing of tebuconazole application. A follow-up experiment confirmed that the suppression of infection occurred within a narrow range of tebuconazole concentrations (3.65-13.5μgl-1), although a later application of the fungicide had to be compensated for by a slight increase in concentration to elicit the same anti-parasitic effect. The mechanism behind this anti-parasitic effect seems to be the inhibition of M. bicuspidata sporulation, since tebuconazole was effective in preventing ascospore production even when applied at a later time. However, this fungicide also seemed to affect the vegetative growth of the yeast, as demonstrated by the enhanced negative effect of the parasite (increasing mortality in one of the host genotypes) at a later time of application of tebuconazole, when no signs of infection were observed. Fungicide contamination can thus affect the severity and spread of disease in natural populations, as well as the inherent co-evolutionary dynamics in host-parasite systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Cuco
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Joana I Santos
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Nelson Abrantes
- CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Fernando Gonçalves
- Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Justyna Wolinska
- Department of Ecosystem Research, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bruno B Castro
- CBMA (Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology), Department of Biology, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
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Tang ZY, Sun D, Qian CW, Chen Q, Duan SS, Sun SY. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide alleviates nonylphenol exposure induced testicular injury in juvenile zebrafish. Int J Biol Macromol 2017. [PMID: 28636878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Nonylphenol is an endocrine disrupting chemicals that can disrupt the organisms' reproductive system, and exists widely in rivers and lakes. Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (LBP) is the main active constituent (about 10%) in Lycium barbarum, which is used to protect reproductive health. In this study, we investigated whether LBP can alleviate nonylphenol exposure induced testicular injury in juvenile zebrafish. We detected histological alteration, anti-oxidant enzyme profile and P450 gene transcription to assess LBP effect on testicular development. The GSI reduced significantly due to nonylphenol exposure, while LBP can improve the GSI. The densities of sperms increased and non-celluar zone decreased after LBP treatment. Meanwhile, Cyp11b gene was up regulated to NP group, and cyp19a gene was down regulated to NP group. In sum, the LBP could repair the testicular injury in zebrafish. This findings provide a basis research to remit the estrogen effect of artificial endocrine disruptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yong Tang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Dong Sun
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Red Tide of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chun-Wei Qian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Red Tide of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shun-Shan Duan
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Red Tide of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Sheng-Yun Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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38
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Wang X, Chen S, Zhang W, Ren Y, Zhang Q, Peng G. Dissection of Larval Zebrafish Gonadal Tissue. J Vis Exp 2017:55294. [PMID: 28518099 PMCID: PMC5565120 DOI: 10.3791/55294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although wild zebrafish possess a ZZ/ZW sex-determination system, domesticated zebrafish have lost the sex chromosome. They utilize a polygenic sex determination system, where several genes distributed throughout the genome collectively determine the sex identities of individual fish. Currently, the genes involved in regulating gonad development and how they work remain elusive. Normally, isolating gonadal tissue is the first step to examine the sex developmental processes. Here, we present a procedure to isolate gonadal tissue from 17 dpf (days post fertilization) and 25 dpf zebrafish larvae. The isolated gonadal tissue may be subsequently examined by morphology and gene expression profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjian Wang
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University
| | - Sijie Chen
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University
| | - Yiyuan Ren
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University
| | - Quan Zhang
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University
| | - Gang Peng
- Institutes of Brain Science, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Fudan University;
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39
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Yang YJ, Wang Y, Li Z, Zhou L, Gui JF. Sequential, Divergent, and Cooperative Requirements of Foxl2a and Foxl2b in Ovary Development and Maintenance of Zebrafish. Genetics 2017; 205:1551-1572. [PMID: 28193729 PMCID: PMC5378113 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.116.199133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxl2 is essential for mammalian ovary maintenance. Although sexually dimorphic expression of foxl2 was observed in many teleosts, its role and regulative mechanism in fish remained largely unclear. In this study, we first identified two transcript variants of foxl2a and its homologous gene foxl2b in zebrafish, and revealed their specific expression in follicular layer cells in a sequential and divergent fashion during ovary differentiation, maturation, and maintenance. Then, homozygous foxl2a mutants (foxl2a-/-) and foxl2b mutants (foxl2b-/-) were constructed and detailed comparisons, such as sex ratio, gonadal histological structure, transcriptome profiling, and dynamic expression of gonadal development-related genes, were carried out. Initial ovarian differentiation and oocyte development occur normally both in foxl2a-/- and foxl2b-/- mutants, but foxl2a and foxl2b disruptions result in premature ovarian failure and partial sex reversal, respectively, in adult females. In foxl2a-/- female mutants, sox9a-amh/cyp19a1a signaling was upregulated at 150 days postfertilization (dpf) and subsequently oocyte apoptosis was triggered after 180 dpf. In contrast, dmrt1 expression was greater at 105 dpf and increased several 100-fold in foxl2b-/- mutated ovaries at 270 dpf, along with other testis-related genes. Finally, homozygous foxl2a-/-/foxl2b-/- double mutants were constructed in which complete sex reversal occurs early and testis-differentiation genes robustly increase at 60 dpf. Given mutual compensation between foxl2a and foxl2b in foxl2b-/- and foxl2a-/- mutants, we proposed a model in which foxl2a and foxl2b cooperate to regulate zebrafish ovary development and maintenance, with foxl2b potentially having a dominant role in preventing the ovary from differentiating as testis, as compared to foxl2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
- Graduate University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
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40
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Yarmohammadi M, Pourkazemi M, Kazemi R. Differential expression of foxl2 and cyp19a1a mRNA during gonad developmental stages in great sturgeon Huso huso. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2017; 90:1104-1111. [PMID: 27885666 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.13224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the sex specificity and expression pattern of foxl2 and cyp19a1a genes in great sturgeon Huso huso gonads during gonadal sex differentiation and development. The results revealed that foxl2 and cyp19a1a mainly expressed in female gonads and during gonad development the foxl2 and cyp19a1a mRNA expression is required for ovarian development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yarmohammadi
- International Sturgeon Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 41635-3464, Rasht, Iran
| | - M Pourkazemi
- Iranian Fisheries Research Organization, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 149-14965, Tehran, Iran
| | - R Kazemi
- International Sturgeon Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 41635-3464, Rasht, Iran
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41
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Sun D, Chen Q, He N, Diao PP, Jia LX, Duan SS. Effect of environmentally-relevant concentrations of nonylphenol on sexual differentiation in zebrafish: a multi-generational study. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42907. [PMID: 28230098 PMCID: PMC5322358 DOI: 10.1038/srep42907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) is a persistent environmental chemical that can disrupt the organism’s endocrine system, and is detected in the surface water and sea. In this study, we investigated whether NP can alter transcriptional expression of sexual differentiation-related genes. Three generations of zebrafish were exposed to 0, 2, 20 and 200 μg·L−1 of NP, and transcriptional expression of sexual differentiation genes were assessed in 10, 20 and 40 dpf in the F1 and F2 generations. Growth of zebrafish exposed to 200 μg·L−1 of NP was inhibited at 125 dpf in the F1 generation. 20 μg·L−1 of NP resulted in 80% females in the F1 generation, but had no effect on the F2 generation. In terms of the sexual differentiation genes, the transcriptional expression of cyp19a1a and esr1 genes were upregulated in 20 μg·L−1 of NP in the F1 generation. But expression of the sexual differentiation genes were not affected in the F2 generation. Overall, NP could affect sexual differentiation and gene transcriptional expression in the F1 generation. The tolerance of contaminant in the offsprings was improved at low concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Sun
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ning He
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Pan-Pan Diao
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Li-Xing Jia
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shun-Shan Duan
- Research Center of Hydrobiology, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Eutrophication and Control of Harmful Algal Blooms of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Abstract
How sex is determined has been one of the most intriguing puzzles in biology since antiquity. Although a fundamental process in most metazoans, there seems to be myriad of ways in which sex can be determined - from genetic to environmental sex determination. This variation is limited mainly to upstream triggers with the core of sex determination pathway being conserved. Zebrafish has gained prominence as a vertebrate model system to study development and disease. However, very little is known about its primary sex determination mechanism. Here we review our current understanding of the sex determination in zebrafish. Zebrafish lack identifiable heteromorphic sex chromosomes and sex is determined by multiple genes, with some influence from the environment. Recently, chromosome 4 has been identified as sex chromosome along with few sex-linked loci on chromosomes 5 and 16. The identities of candidate sex-linked genes, however, have remained elusive. Sex in zebrafish is also influenced by the number of meiotic oocytes in the juvenile ovary, which appear to instruct retention of the ovarian fate. The mechanism and identity of this instructive signal remain unknown. We hypothesize that sex in zebrafish is a culmination of combinatorial effects of the genome, germ cells and the environment with inputs from epigenetic factors translating the biological meaning of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nagabhushana
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Council of Scientific and industrial Research, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
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Gonadogenesis and annual reproductive cycles of an endangered cyprinid fish, the lake minnow Eupallasella percnurus (Pallas, 1814). Anim Reprod Sci 2016; 176:40-50. [PMID: 27903428 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 11/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this study, gonadogenesis, the effect of temperature (15, 20 and 25°C) on sex differentiation, and annual changes in the gonads of mature lake minnow Eupallasella percnurus (Pallas, 1814) were determined. The lake minnow was found to be a primary gonochoristic fish species, where gonads are formed directly in the ovaries or testes. The morphological differentiation of gonads was initiated 35days post hatch (DPH) when two types of gonadal anlages were visible: a pear-shaped gonad attached by a single mesentery string and a spindle-shaped gonad attached on both sides to the peritoneum. Gonadogenesis occurred faster in females than in males, with the first previtellogenic oocytes and ovarian lamellae being already observed in 45 DPH fish. In males, cytological differentiation occurred approximately 85 DPH, when the fish reached an average body weight of more than 400mg. No significant effect of rearing temperature on sex ratio in lake minnow juveniles was observed. The proportion of males and females was similar (close to 1:1) in all of the thermal-treated groups, although there were effects of temperature on the final sizes of fish. Histological examination of wild, mature lake minnow ovaries during the annual cycle (from May to February the following year) showed asynchronous oocyte maturation. The testes were characteristic of multi-batch spawning fish. Quantitative dominance of spermatids and mature spermatozoa in May was observed, while the presence of primary and secondary spermatocytes in all other periods was confirmed. These changes were also reflected in the seasonal variation in the gonado-somatic index in both sexes, with the highest mean values of 11.2% (females) and 4.0% (males) in May, which were found to be significantly different to all other periods. The data presented in this study provide an important contribution to our understanding of the biology and reproductive strategy of the endangered lake minnow.
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Geffroy B, Guilbaud F, Amilhat E, Beaulaton L, Vignon M, Huchet E, Rives J, Bobe J, Fostier A, Guiguen Y, Bardonnet A. Sexually dimorphic gene expressions in eels: useful markers for early sex assessment in a conservation context. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34041. [PMID: 27658729 PMCID: PMC5034313 DOI: 10.1038/srep34041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental sex determination (ESD) has been detected in a range of vertebrate reptile and fish species. Eels are characterized by an ESD that occurs relatively late, since sex cannot be histologically determined before individuals reach 28 cm. Because several eel species are at risk of extinction, assessing sex at the earliest stage is a crucial management issue. Based on preliminary results of RNA sequencing, we targeted genes susceptible to be differentially expressed between ovaries and testis at different stages of development. Using qPCR, we detected testis-specific expressions of dmrt1, amh, gsdf and pre-miR202 and ovary-specific expressions were obtained for zar1, zp3 and foxn5. We showed that gene expressions in the gonad of intersexual eels were quite similar to those of males, supporting the idea that intersexual eels represent a transitional stage towards testicular differentiation. To assess whether these genes would be effective early molecular markers, we sampled juvenile eels in two locations with highly skewed sex ratios. The combined expression of six of these genes allowed the discrimination of groups according to their potential future sex and thus this appears to be a useful tool to estimate sex ratios of undifferentiated juvenile eels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Geffroy
- INRA, UR1037 LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France
- INRA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, Aquapôle, Pôle Gest’Aqua, Quartier Ibarron, 64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
- UPPA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, UFR des Sciences de la Côte Basque, allée du parc Montaury, 64600, Anglet, France
| | - Florian Guilbaud
- INRA, UR1037 LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Elsa Amilhat
- UMR 5110 CNRS - UPVD (CEFREM), Université de Perpignan, Bâtiment R, 58 Avenue Paul Alduy, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Beaulaton
- Onema, pôle Gest’Aqua, 65 rue de Saint Brieuc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
- INRA, 1224 (U3E), Pôle Gest’Aqua, 65 rue de Saint Brieuc, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - Matthias Vignon
- INRA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, Aquapôle, Pôle Gest’Aqua, Quartier Ibarron, 64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
- UPPA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, UFR des Sciences de la Côte Basque, allée du parc Montaury, 64600, Anglet, France
| | - Emmanuel Huchet
- INRA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, Aquapôle, Pôle Gest’Aqua, Quartier Ibarron, 64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
- UPPA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, UFR des Sciences de la Côte Basque, allée du parc Montaury, 64600, Anglet, France
| | - Jacques Rives
- INRA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, Aquapôle, Pôle Gest’Aqua, Quartier Ibarron, 64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
- UPPA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, UFR des Sciences de la Côte Basque, allée du parc Montaury, 64600, Anglet, France
| | - Julien Bobe
- INRA, UR1037 LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Alexis Fostier
- INRA, UR1037 LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Yann Guiguen
- INRA, UR1037 LPGP, Fish Physiology and Genomics, Campus de Beaulieu, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Agnès Bardonnet
- INRA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, Aquapôle, Pôle Gest’Aqua, Quartier Ibarron, 64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France
- UPPA, UMR 1224 Ecobiop, UFR des Sciences de la Côte Basque, allée du parc Montaury, 64600, Anglet, France
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Sharma P, Tang S, Mayer GD, Patiño R. Effects of thyroid endocrine manipulation on sex-related gene expression and population sex ratios in Zebrafish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 235:38-47. [PMID: 27255368 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid hormone reportedly induces masculinization of genetic females and goitrogen treatment delays testicular differentiation (ovary-to-testis transformation) in genetic males of Zebrafish. This study explored potential molecular mechanisms of these phenomena. Zebrafish were treated with thyroxine (T4, 2nM), goitrogen [methimazole (MZ), 0.15mM], MZ (0.15mM) and T4 (2nM) (rescue treatment), or reconstituted water (control) from 3 to 33days postfertilization (dpf) and maintained in control water until 45dpf. Whole fish were collected during early (25dpf) and late (45dpf) testicular differentiation for transcript abundance analysis of selected male (dmrt1, amh, ar) and female (cyp19a1a, esr1, esr2a, esr2b) sex-related genes by quantitative RT-PCR, and fold-changes relative to control values were determined. Additional fish were sampled at 45dpf for histological assessment of gonadal sex. The T4 and rescue treatments caused male-biased populations, and T4 alone induced precocious puberty in ∼50% of males. Male-biased sex ratios were accompanied by increased expression of amh and ar and reduced expression of cyp19a1a, esr1, esr2a, and esr2b at 25 and 45dpf and, unexpectedly, reduced expression of dmrt1 at 45dpf. Goitrogen exposure increased the proportion of individuals with ovaries (per previous studies interpreted as delay in testicular differentiation of genetic males), and at 25 and 45dpf reduced the expression of amh and ar and increased the expression of esr1 (only at 25dpf), esr2a, and esr2b. Notably, cyp19a1a transcript was reduced but via non-thyroidal pathways (not restored by rescue treatment). In conclusion, the masculinizing activity of T4 at the population level may be due to its ability to inhibit female and stimulate male sex-related genes in larvae, while the inability of MZ to induce cyp19a1a, which is necessary for ovarian differentiation, may explain why its "feminizing" activity on gonadal sex is not permanent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Sharma
- Department of Biological Sciences and Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2120, USA
| | - Song Tang
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1163, USA
| | - Gregory D Mayer
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1163, USA
| | - Reynaldo Patiño
- U.S. Geological Survey, Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and Departments of Natural Resources Management and Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-2120, USA.
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Zhang X, Yuan L, Li L, Jiang H, Chen J. Conservation, sex-biased expression and functional annotation of microRNAs in the gonad of Amur sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2016; 18:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu H, Lamm MS, Rutherford K, Black MA, Godwin JR, Gemmell NJ. Large-scale transcriptome sequencing reveals novel expression patterns for key sex-related genes in a sex-changing fish. Biol Sex Differ 2015; 6:26. [PMID: 26613014 PMCID: PMC4660848 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-015-0044-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Teleost fishes exhibit remarkably diverse and plastic sexual developmental patterns. One of the most astonishing is the rapid socially controlled female-to-male (protogynous) sex change observed in bluehead wrasses (Thalassoma bifasciatum). Such functional sex change is widespread in marine fishes, including species of commercial importance, yet its underlying molecular basis remains poorly explored. Methods RNA sequencing was performed to characterize the transcriptomic profiles and identify genes exhibiting sex-biased expression in the brain (forebrain and midbrain) and gonads of bluehead wrasses. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis were carried out for the sex-biased genes in the gonad to detect global differences in gene products and genetic pathways between males and females. Results Here we report the first transcriptomic analysis for a protogynous fish. Expression comparison between males and females reveals a large set of genes with sex-biased expression in the gonad, but relatively few such sex-biased genes in the brain. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis suggested that ovaries are mainly enriched for metabolic processes and testes for signal transduction, particularly receptors of neurotransmitters and steroid hormones. When compared to other species, many genes previously implicated in male sex determination and differentiation pathways showed conservation in their gonadal expression patterns in bluehead wrasses. However, some critical female-pathway genes (e.g., rspo1 and wnt4b) exhibited unanticipated expression patterns. In the brain, gene expression patterns suggest that local neurosteroid production and signaling likely contribute to the sex differences observed. Conclusions Expression patterns of key sex-related genes suggest that sex-changing fish predominantly use an evolutionarily conserved genetic toolkit, but that subtle variability in the standard sex-determination regulatory network likely contributes to sexual plasticity in these fish. This study not only provides the first molecular data on a system ideally suited to explore the molecular basis of sexual plasticity and tissue re-engineering, but also sheds some light on the evolution of diverse sex determination and differentiation systems. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13293-015-0044-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Melissa S Lamm
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA ; W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Kim Rutherford
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael A Black
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - John R Godwin
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA ; W.M. Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Neil J Gemmell
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Gennotte V, Mafwila Kinkela P, Ulysse B, Akian Djétouan D, Bere Sompagnimdi F, Tomson T, Mélard C, Rougeot C. Brief exposure of embryos to steroids or aromatase inhibitor induces sex reversal in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 323:31-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jez.1893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Gennotte
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA); AFFISH-RC; University of Liè; ge; Tihange Belgium
| | - Patrick Mafwila Kinkela
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA); AFFISH-RC; University of Liè; ge; Tihange Belgium
| | - Bernard Ulysse
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA); AFFISH-RC; University of Liè; ge; Tihange Belgium
| | - Dieudonné Akian Djétouan
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA); AFFISH-RC; University of Liè; ge; Tihange Belgium
| | - Frédéric Bere Sompagnimdi
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA); AFFISH-RC; University of Liè; ge; Tihange Belgium
| | - Thomas Tomson
- Centre de Recherche pour la Récupération des Energies Résiduelles; CERER Pisciculture; Tihange Belgium
| | - Charles Mélard
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA); AFFISH-RC; University of Liè; ge; Tihange Belgium
| | - Carole Rougeot
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA); AFFISH-RC; University of Liè; ge; Tihange Belgium
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Mei J, Gui JF. Genetic basis and biotechnological manipulation of sexual dimorphism and sex determination in fish. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2015; 58:124-36. [PMID: 25563981 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-014-4797-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/28/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Aquaculture has made an enormous contribution to the world food production, especially to the sustainable supply of animal proteins. The utility of diverse reproduction strategies in fish, such as the exploiting use of unisexual gynogenesis, has created a typical case of fish genetic breeding. A number of fish species show substantial sexual dimorphism that is closely linked to multiple economic traits including growth rate and body size, and the efficient development of sex-linked genetic markers and sex control biotechnologies has provided significant approaches to increase the production and value for commercial purposes. Along with the rapid development of genomics and molecular genetic techniques, the genetic basis of sexual dimorphism has been gradually deciphered, and great progress has been made in the mechanisms of fish sex determination and identification of sex-determining genes. This review summarizes the progress to provide some directive and objective thinking for further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Mei
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Gennotte V, Mélard C, D'Cotta H, Baroiller JF, Rougeot C. The sensitive period for male-to-female sex reversal begins at the embryonic stage in the Nile tilapia and is associated with the sexual genotype. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 81:1146-58. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Gennotte
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA); AFFISH-RC; University of Liège; Tihange Belgium
| | - Charles Mélard
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA); AFFISH-RC; University of Liège; Tihange Belgium
| | - Helena D'Cotta
- UMR Intrepid; Department Persyst; CIRAD; Campus International de Baillarguet; Montpellier France
| | - Jean-François Baroiller
- UMR Intrepid; Department Persyst; CIRAD; Campus International de Baillarguet; Montpellier France
| | - Carole Rougeot
- Aquaculture Research and Education Center (CEFRA); AFFISH-RC; University of Liège; Tihange Belgium
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