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Volaric AK, Kumar J, Nicholas V, Saleem A, Fernandez-Pol S, Suarez CJ, Natkunam Y. Targeted mutational profiling of Epstein Barr virus-positive mucocutaneous ulcer: Implications for differential diagnosis with EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Ann Diagn Pathol 2024; 73:152344. [PMID: 38820910 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2024.152344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Epstein Barr Virus-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) can be difficult to distinguish from EBV-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We used targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) to explore genetic alterations in EBVMCU to aid in this diagnostic challenge. Ten cases of EBVMCU were evaluated by a targeted NGS panel of 164 genes. Targeted NGS identified 18 variants in 15 genes in eight cases of EBVMCU. Loss of function TET2 variants were most frequently identified (3 of 10 cases, 30 %). One TET2 variant occurred at low variant allele frequency (VAF) of 3 %, which may be suggestive of clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential. One case harbored a loss of function DNMT3A variant at low VAF. Two cases demonstrated missense variants in the IRF8 gene. Both variants occurred at a VAF close to 50 % and with an estimated high burden of disease (75 %). Two cases of mucosal gastrointestinal involvement had no reportable variants. Mutational profiling of EBVMCU identified TET2 loss of function variants at an elevated frequency in our cohort; however, the findings are not specific and its clinical significance cannot be completely elucidated. Further studies are needed to confirm the findings in an independent and larger cohort of EBVMCU, to determine the cell of origin of the variants, and to further assess their significance in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K Volaric
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, VT, United States of America
| | - Jyoti Kumar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Veronica Nicholas
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Atif Saleem
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Sebastian Fernandez-Pol
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Carlos J Suarez
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Yasodha Natkunam
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America.
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2
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Joffe D, Bhatti S, Banner L, Zaya R, Gleason L, Mishra A, Kirsch I, Porcu P, Nikbakht N. The overlap of skin and blood T-cell clones in early-stage mycosis fungoides. Blood Adv 2023; 7:6206-6210. [PMID: 37611154 PMCID: PMC10582838 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2023010867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Joffe
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Safiyyah Bhatti
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Lauren Banner
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Romsin Zaya
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Laura Gleason
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Anjali Mishra
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | - Pierluigi Porcu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Neda Nikbakht
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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3
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Hagen M, Pangrazzi L, Rocamora-Reverte L, Weinberger B. Legend or Truth: Mature CD4 +CD8 + Double-Positive T Cells in the Periphery in Health and Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2702. [PMID: 37893076 PMCID: PMC10603952 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of CD4 and CD8 co-receptors defines two distinct T cell populations with specialized functions. While CD4+ T cells support and modulate immune responses through different T-helper (Th) and regulatory subtypes, CD8+ T cells eliminate cells that might threaten the organism, for example, virus-infected or tumor cells. However, a paradoxical population of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) T cells challenging this paradigm has been found in the peripheral blood. This subset has been observed in healthy as well as pathological conditions, suggesting unique and well-defined functions. Furthermore, DP T cells express activation markers and exhibit memory-like features, displaying an effector memory (EM) and central memory (CM) phenotype. A subset expressing high CD4 (CD4bright+) and intermediate CD8 (CD8dim+) levels and a population of CD8bright+CD4dim+ T cells have been identified within DP T cells, suggesting that this small subpopulation may be heterogeneous. This review summarizes the current literature on DP T cells in humans in health and diseases. In addition, we point out that strategies to better characterize this minor T cell subset's role in regulating immune responses are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Hagen
- Institute for Biomedical Aging Research, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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4
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Kochanowicz AM, Osuch S, Berak H, Kumorek A, Caraballo Cortés K. Double Positive CD4 +CD8 + (DP) T-Cells Display Distinct Exhaustion Phenotype in Chronic Hepatitis C. Cells 2023; 12:1446. [PMID: 37408280 DOI: 10.3390/cells12101446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In chronic hepatitis C (CHC), characterized by exhaustion of T-cell function, increased frequencies of double-positive (DP) (CD4+CD8+) cells are present in peripheral blood. We compared the exhaustion phenotype between DP and single positive (SP) T-cells, including HCV-specific cells, and assessed the effect of successful HCV treatment on inhibitory receptors expression. Blood samples from 97 CHC patients were collected before and six months post-treatment. PD-1 (programmed cell death protein 1) and Tim-3 (T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing molecule-3) expression was assessed by flow cytometry. DP T-cells displayed significantly higher PD-1 expression, lower Tim-3 expression than CD8+ SP T-cells and lower percentages of PD-1-Tim-3- cells than CD4+ SP T-cells, both before and after treatment. PD-1+Tim-3+ DP T-cells decreased following treatment. HCV-specific cells were more frequent among DP than SP T-cells, both before and after treatment. HCV-specific DP T-cells were characterized by lower PD-1 expression, higher PD-1 and Tim-3 co-expression, and lower percentages of PD-1-Tim-3- cells (both before and after treatment) and higher post-treatment Tim-3 than HCV-specific SP T-cells. Their percentages decreased following treatment, but the exhaustion phenotype remained unchanged. DP T-cells in CHC exhibit a distinct exhaustion phenotype from SP T-cells, and these changes mostly persist following successful treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Kochanowicz
- Department of Immunopathology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sylwia Osuch
- Department of Immunopathology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hanna Berak
- Outpatient Clinic, Warsaw Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 01-201 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kumorek
- Department of Immunopathology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Caraballo Cortés
- Department of Immunopathology of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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5
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Cao W, Sturmlechner I, Zhang H, Jin J, Hu B, Jadhav RR, Fang F, Weyand CM, Goronzy JJ. TRIB2 safeguards naive T cell homeostasis during aging. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112195. [PMID: 36884349 PMCID: PMC10118747 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Naive CD4+ T cells are more resistant to age-related loss than naive CD8+ T cells, suggesting mechanisms that preferentially protect naive CD4+ T cells during aging. Here, we show that TRIB2 is more abundant in naive CD4+ than CD8+ T cells and counteracts quiescence exit by suppressing AKT activation. TRIB2 deficiency increases AKT activity and accelerates proliferation and differentiation in response to interleukin-7 (IL-7) in humans and during lymphopenia in mice. TRIB2 transcription is controlled by the lineage-determining transcription factors ThPOK and RUNX3. Ablation of Zbtb7b (encoding ThPOK) and Cbfb (obligatory RUNT cofactor) attenuates the difference in lymphopenia-induced proliferation between naive CD4+ and CD8+ cells. In older adults, ThPOK and TRIB2 expression wanes in naive CD4+ T cells, causing loss of naivety. These findings assign TRIB2 a key role in regulating T cell homeostasis and provide a model to explain the lesser resilience of CD8+ T cells to undergo changes with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqiang Cao
- Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
| | - Ines Sturmlechner
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jun Jin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rohit R Jadhav
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Fengqin Fang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Cornelia M Weyand
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Jörg J Goronzy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Administration Healthcare System, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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6
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Zhang H, Wang Y, Ma Y, Tang K, Zhang C, Wang M, Zhang X, Xue M, Jia X, Hu H, Li N, Zhuang R, Jin B, Chen L, Zhang Y, Zhang Y. Increased CD4 +CD8 + Double Positive T Cells during Hantaan Virus Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:2243. [PMID: 36298798 PMCID: PMC9611689 DOI: 10.3390/v14102243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaan virus (HTNV) infection causes an epidemic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) mainly in Asia. It is well known that T cells mediated anti-viral immune response. Although previous studies showed that double positive T (DP T) cells, a little portion of T lymphocytes, were involved in adaptive immune response during virus infection, their kinetic changes and roles in HTNV infection have not yet been explored. In this study, we characterized DP T cells from HFRS patients based on flow cytometry data combined with scRNA-seq data. We showed that HTNV infection caused the upregulation of DP T cells in the peripheral blood, which were correlated with disease stage. The scRNA-seq data clustered DP T cells, unraveled their gene expression profile, and estimated the ordering of these cells. The production of granzyme B and CD107a from DP T cells and the abundant TCR distribution indicated the anti-viral property of DP T cells. In conclusion, this study identified, for the first time, an accumulation of DP T cells in the peripheral blood of HFRS patients and suggested these DP T cells belonging to CD8+T cells lineage. The DP T cells shared the similar characteristics with cytotoxic T cells (CTL) and exerted an anti-viral role in HFRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Yazhen Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Kang Tang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Xiyue Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | - Manling Xue
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, China
| | | | - Haifeng Hu
- Center for Infectious Diseases, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710038, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Ran Zhuang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Boquan Jin
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
| | - Yusi Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China
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7
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Schad SE, Chow A, Mangarin L, Pan H, Zhang J, Ceglia N, Caushi JX, Malandro N, Zappasodi R, Gigoux M, Hirschhorn D, Budhu S, Amisaki M, Arniella M, Redmond D, Chaft J, Forde PM, Gainor JF, Hellmann MD, Balachandran V, Shah S, Smith KN, Pardoll D, Elemento O, Wolchok JD, Merghoub T. Tumor-induced double positive T cells display distinct lineage commitment mechanisms and functions. J Exp Med 2022; 219:e20212169. [PMID: 35604411 PMCID: PMC9130031 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20212169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors ThPOK and Runx3 regulate the differentiation of "helper" CD4+ and "cytotoxic" CD8+ T cell lineages respectively, inducing single positive (SP) T cells that enter the periphery with the expression of either the CD4 or CD8 co-receptor. Despite the expectation that these cell fates are mutually exclusive and that mature CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) T cells are present in healthy individuals and augmented in the context of disease, yet their molecular features and pathophysiologic role are disputed. Here, we show DP T cells in murine and human tumors as a heterogenous population originating from SP T cells which re-express the opposite co-receptor and acquire features of the opposite cell type's phenotype and function following TCR stimulation. We identified distinct clonally expanded DP T cells in human melanoma and lung cancer by scRNA sequencing and demonstrated their tumor reactivity in cytotoxicity assays. Our findings indicate that antigen stimulation induces SP T cells to differentiate into DP T cell subsets gaining in polyfunctional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara E. Schad
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Andrew Chow
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Levi Mangarin
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Heng Pan
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at John Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nicholas Ceglia
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Justina X. Caushi
- John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at John Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Nicole Malandro
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Roberta Zappasodi
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Mathieu Gigoux
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Daniel Hirschhorn
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Sadna Budhu
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Masataka Amisaki
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | | | | | - Jamie Chaft
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Patrick M. Forde
- John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at John Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Justin F. Gainor
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Matthew D. Hellmann
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Vinod Balachandran
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Sohrab Shah
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Kellie N. Smith
- John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at John Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Drew Pardoll
- John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Bloomberg-Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at John Hopkins, Baltimore, MD
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
- Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jedd D. Wolchok
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Human Oncology Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Taha Merghoub
- Swim Across America and Ludwig Collaborative Laboratory, Immunology Program, Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
- Human Oncology Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
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8
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Kasten-Jolly J, Lawrence DA. Differential blood leukocyte populations based on individual variances and age. Immunol Res 2022; 70:114-128. [PMID: 35023048 PMCID: PMC8754550 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-021-09257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Blood was collected from the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) employees to assess variances in leukocyte numbers in January, May, and September throughout a year and over many years. Women and men of ages 20 to 80 volunteered to donate for this program. Most of the blood came from healthy individuals, and many remained healthy throughout the years of their blood donations. The major objective was to determine the extent that blood leukocyte numbers change so that transient vs more lingering changes may be helpful in assessing health status. Since some donors remained in the program for 14 years, age influences over time could be determined. Within a short period of 2-3 years, the flow cytometric immunophenotypic profile of blood lymphocyte is relatively stable with a CV% of < 20%. However, as humans age, the blood CD3+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, B cell, NKT cell, and CD4-/CD8- double-negative T cell (DN-T cell) subsets declined in cell numbers/μL, but the double-positive CD4+/CD8+ T cells (DP-T cells) increased in numbers. The extent and chronology of a variance, e.g., a subset exceeding its 75th or 90th percentile, might be indicative of a transient or chronic physiological or psychosocial stress affecting health or a developing pathology; however, because of the wide ranges of cell numbers/μL for each subset among individuals reported as healthy, everyone's immunity and health must be carefully evaluated. A CD4 to CD8 ratio (4/8R) of < 1 has been used to define an immunodeficiency such as HIV-induced AIDS, but a high 4/8R is less well associated with health status. A high 4/8R or granulocyte to lymphocyte ratio (GLR) might be an indicator of a stress, infection, or immune-related pathology. Sporadic and longitudinal increases of GLRs are reported. The results suggest that there are some age and sex differences in leukocyte numbers; stress influences on the blood profile of leukocytes likely exist. However, some values exceeding 2 standard deviations from means do not necessarily predict a health concern, whereas a longitudinal increase or decline might be indicative of a need for further evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Kasten-Jolly
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - David A Lawrence
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
- School of Public Health, University of Albany, Rensselaer, NY, USA.
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9
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Galigalidou C, Zaragoza-Infante L, Iatrou A, Chatzidimitriou A, Stamatopoulos K, Agathangelidis A. Understanding Monoclonal B Cell Lymphocytosis: An Interplay of Genetic and Microenvironmental Factors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:769612. [PMID: 34858849 PMCID: PMC8631769 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.769612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The term monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) describes the presence of a clonal B cell population with a count of less than 5 × 109/L and no symptoms or signs of disease. Based on the B cell count, MBL is further classified into 2 distinct subtypes: 'low-count' and 'high-count' MBL. High-count MBL shares a series of biological and clinical features with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), at least of the indolent type, and evolves to CLL requiring treatment at a rate of 1-2% per year, whereas 'low-count' MBL seems to be distinct, likely representing an immunological rather than a pre-malignant condition. That notwithstanding, both subtypes of MBL can carry 'CLL-specific' genomic aberrations such as cytogenetic abnormalities and gene mutations, yet to a much lesser extent compared to CLL. These findings suggest that such aberrations are mostly relevant for disease progression rather than disease onset, indirectly pointing to microenvironmental drive as a key contributor to the emergence of MBL. Understanding microenvironmental interactions is therefore anticipated to elucidate MBL ontogeny and, most importantly, the relationship between MBL and CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysi Galigalidou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Laura Zaragoza-Infante
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.,Hematology Department, University General Hospital of Thessaloniki AHEPA, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Iatrou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anastasia Chatzidimitriou
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kostas Stamatopoulos
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Agathangelidis
- Institute of Applied Biosciences (INAB), Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Thessaloniki, Greece.,Department of Biology, School of Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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10
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Zanelli M, Sanguedolce F, Palicelli A, Zizzo M, Martino G, Caprera C, Fragliasso V, Soriano A, Gozzi F, Cimino L, Masia F, Moretti M, Foroni M, De Marco L, Pellegrini D, De Raeve H, Ricci S, Tamagnini I, Tafuni A, Cavazza A, Merli F, Pileri SA, Ascani S. EBV-Driven Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Spectrum of Entities with a Common Denominator (Part 3). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6021. [PMID: 34885131 PMCID: PMC8656853 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13236021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
EBV is the first known oncogenic virus involved in the development of several tumors. The majority of the global population are infected with the virus early in life and the virus persists throughout life, in a latent stage, and usually within B lymphocytes. Despite the worldwide diffusion of EBV infection, EBV-associated diseases develop in only in a small subset of individuals often when conditions of immunosuppression disrupt the balance between the infection and host immune system. EBV-driven lymphoid proliferations are either of B-cell or T/NK-cell origin, and range from disorders with an indolent behavior to aggressive lymphomas. In this review, which is divided in three parts, we provide an update of EBV-associated lymphoid disorders developing in the gastrointestinal tract, often representing a challenging diagnostic and therapeutic issue. Our aim is to provide a practical diagnostic approach to clinicians and pathologists who face this complex spectrum of disorders in their daily practice. In this part of the review, the chronic active EBV infection of T-cell and NK-cell type, its systemic form; extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Martino
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (D.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Cecilia Caprera
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (D.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Valentina Fragliasso
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Fabrizio Gozzi
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Luca Cimino
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Francesco Masia
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Marina Moretti
- Dipartimento di Medicina, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (F.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Moira Foroni
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Loredana De Marco
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - David Pellegrini
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (D.P.); (S.A.)
| | - Hendrik De Raeve
- Pathology, University Hospital Brussels, 1090 Brussels, Belgium;
- Pathology, O.L.V. Hospital Aalst, 9300 Aalst, Belgium
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Ione Tamagnini
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessandro Tafuni
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy;
| | - Alberto Cavazza
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (M.F.); (L.D.M.); (S.R.); (I.T.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesco Merli
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Stefano A. Pileri
- Haematopathology Division, European Institute of Oncology-IEO IRCCS Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (D.P.); (S.A.)
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Zanelli M, Sanguedolce F, Palicelli A, Zizzo M, Martino G, Caprera C, Fragliasso V, Soriano A, Valle L, Ricci S, Cavazza A, Merli F, Pileri SA, Ascani S. EBV-Driven Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Spectrum of Entities with a Common Denominator (Part 1). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4578. [PMID: 34572803 PMCID: PMC8465149 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
EBV is the most common persistent virus in humans. The interaction of EBV with B lymphocytes, which are considered the virus reservoir, is at the base of the life-long latent infection. Under circumstances of immunosuppression, the balance between virus and host immune system is altered and hence, EBV-associated lymphoid proliferations may originate. These disorders encompass several entities, ranging from self-limited diseases with indolent behavior to aggressive lymphomas. The virus may infect not only B-cells, but even T- and NK-cells. The occurrence of different types of lymphoid disorders depends on both the type of infected cells and the state of host immunity. EBV-driven lymphoproliferative lesions can rarely occur in the gastrointestinal tract and may be missed even by expert pathologists due to both the uncommon site of presentation and the frequent overlapping morphology and immunophenotypic features shared by different entities. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, arising within the gastrointestinal tract. The review is divided in three parts. In this part, the available data on EBV biology, EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer, EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified and classic Hodgkin lymphoma are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Martino
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Cecilia Caprera
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Valentina Fragliasso
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Luca Valle
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Alberto Cavazza
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesco Merli
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Stefano A. Pileri
- Haematopathology Division, European Institute of Oncology-IEO IRCCS Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
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12
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Zanelli M, Sanguedolce F, Palicelli A, Zizzo M, Martino G, Caprera C, Fragliasso V, Soriano A, Valle L, Ricci S, Gozzi F, Cimino L, Cavazza A, Merli F, Pileri SA, Ascani S. EBV-Driven Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Lymphomas of the Gastrointestinal Tract: A Spectrum of Entities with a Common Denominator (Part 2). Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4527. [PMID: 34572754 PMCID: PMC8469260 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common pathogen infecting people primarily early in life. The virus has the ability to persist throughout a person's life, usually in B lymphocytes. Conditions of immunodeficiency as well as the introduction of immunosuppressive therapies and the advent of transplant technologies has brought immunodeficiency-associated lymphoproliferative disorders into view, which are often driven by EBV. The group of EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders includes different entities, with distinct biological features, ranging from indolent disorders, which may even spontaneously regress, to aggressive lymphomas requiring prompt and adequate treatment. These disorders are often diagnostically challenging due to their overlapping morphology and immunophenotype. Both nodal and extra-nodal sites, including the gastrointestinal tract, may be involved. This review, divided in three parts, summarizes the clinical, pathological, molecular features and treatment strategies of EBV-related lymphoproliferative disorders occurring in the gastrointestinal tract and critically analyzes the major issues in the differential diagnosis. In this part of the review, we discuss plasmablastic lymphoma, extra-cavitary primary effusion lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Zanelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | | | - Andrea Palicelli
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Maurizio Zizzo
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Martino
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Cecilia Caprera
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
| | - Valentina Fragliasso
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Soriano
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Gastroenterology Division, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Luca Valle
- Anatomic Pathology, Department of Integrated Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genoa and Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ricci
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Gozzi
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Luca Cimino
- Ocular Immunology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Alberto Cavazza
- Pathology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy; (A.P.); (S.R.); (A.C.)
| | - Francesco Merli
- Hematology Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy;
| | - Stefano A. Pileri
- Haematopathology Division, European Institute of Oncology-IEO IRCCS Milan, 20141 Milan, Italy;
| | - Stefano Ascani
- Pathology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria di Terni, University of Perugia, 05100 Terni, Italy; (G.M.); (C.C.); (S.A.)
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Ishikawa E, Satou A, Nakamura M, Nakamura S, Fujishiro M. Epstein-Barr Virus Positive B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorder of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3815. [PMID: 34359715 PMCID: PMC8345108 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus positive B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV+ B-LPD) encompasses a broad clinicopathological spectrum and distinct clinical behavior that relatively favors the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. In this review, we provide an update on the clinicopathological features and biological behavior of EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) and primary EBV+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the GI tract. EBVMCU is a newly recognized entity but well known as an indolent and self-limited EBV+ B-LPD occurring in various immunodeficiencies. In contrast, EBV+ DLBCL constitutes the largest group of EBV+ B-LPDs and is regarded as an aggressive neoplasm. These two distinct diseases have historically been distinguished in the reappraisal of age-related EBV-associated B-LPDs but are challenging in routine practice regarding their differential diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. An increasing number of reports indicate that they are epidemiologically prevalent beyond western and eastern countries, but their comprehensive analysis is still limited. We also describe the PD-L1 positivity of tumorous large cells and non-malignant immune cells, which is relevant for the prognostic delineation among patients with primary DLBCL of the GI tract with and without EBV on tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Ishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (M.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Akira Satou
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan;
| | - Masanao Nakamura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (M.N.); (M.F.)
| | - Shigeo Nakamura
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan;
| | - Mitsuhiro Fujishiro
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8560, Japan; (M.N.); (M.F.)
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Nguyen P, Melzer M, Beck F, Krasselt M, Seifert O, Pierer M, Rothe K, Wagner U. Expansion of CD4+CD8+ Double-positive T cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients is Associated with Erosive Disease. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2021; 61:1282-1287. [PMID: 34260705 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keab551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) T cells are expanded in the peripheral blood of a subset of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study examines the clinical significance of DP T cells in RA. METHODS In 70 RA patients, DP T cells were measured by flow cytometry. Clinical data were obtained, and hand and feet radiographs were scored according to the Sharp/van der Heijde (SvdH) method. The association between DP T cell frequency and erosive joint destruction was analyzed by correlation and multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Nineteen RA patients (27.1%) displayed increased DP T cell frequencies, which correlated with age (r = 0.288, p= 0.016). Expansion of DP T cells was associated with the occurrence of erosions (94,7% vs 43,1%, p< 0.001), with a higher SvdH joint damage score (24.5 vs 6, p= 0.008) and with more frequent use of biologic or targeted-synthetic DMARDs (68.4% vs 38%, p= 0.02). In patients with non-erosive disease, DP T cell frequencies correlated with the joint space narrowing score (n = 28, r = 0.44, p= 0.02). Logistic regression revealed DP T cells to be associated with erosive disease (OR 1.90, p< 0.05). CONCLUSION Expansion of DP T cells is associated with joint damage and frequent escalation of therapy, possibly suggesting a contribution to more severe RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Nguyen
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marc Melzer
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Felix Beck
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Marco Krasselt
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Olga Seifert
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Pierer
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kathrin Rothe
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ulf Wagner
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Marrero YT, Suárez VM, Abraham CMM, Hernández IC, Ramos EH, Domínguez GD, Pérez YD, Zamora MCR, Guerra LFH. Immunophenotypic characterization of double positive T lymphocytes in Cuban older adults. Exp Gerontol 2021; 152:111450. [PMID: 34119608 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immunosenescence is the functional deterioration of the immune system during natural aging that mainly affects T lymphocytes, within which is the subpopulation of peripheral double positive T lymphocytes that are immunomodulators of the immune response. They are increased in older adults and play a fundamental role in the immunopathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, viral infections and neoplasms. OBJECTIVE To characterize the immunophenotype of peripheral double positive T lymphocytes in Cuban older adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out in 30 older adults residing in Cuba. Peripheral blood double positive T lymphocytes were quantified by flow cytometry. The reading was done on a Beckman Coulter Gallios flow cytometer. A Beckman Coulter Gallios flow cytometer was used for data analysis. Percentage values, median and standard deviation were used. RESULTS There was a predominance of women who represented 70%. No older adults with low values of double positive T lymphocytes were reported. Women with high percentage and absolute values of DPT lymphocytes predominated in relation to men. Among the high percentage values and the absolute value of DPT lymphocytes, the group ≥80 years prevailed. CONCLUSIONS Most of the older adults who exhibited high percentage and absolute values of DPT lymphocytes had some associated comorbidity, an idea that suggests that CD4 + CD8+ T cells seem to play an important role in peripheral sites as powerful immunosuppressants or as cells with high cytotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yenisey Triana Marrero
- Department of Immunology, "Dr. José Manuel BallesterSantovenia" Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Calle 19 e/8 y 10., Postal mail 8070, CP 10800, Vedado, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Vianed Marsán Suárez
- Department of Immunology, "Dr. José Manuel BallesterSantovenia" Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Calle 19 e/8 y 10., Postal mail 8070, CP 10800, Vedado, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Consuelo Milagros Macías Abraham
- Department of Immunology, "Dr. José Manuel BallesterSantovenia" Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Calle 19 e/8 y 10., Postal mail 8070, CP 10800, Vedado, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Imilla Casado Hernández
- Department of Immunology, "Dr. José Manuel BallesterSantovenia" Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Calle 19 e/8 y 10., Postal mail 8070, CP 10800, Vedado, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Elizabeth Hernández Ramos
- Department of Immunology, "Dr. José Manuel BallesterSantovenia" Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Calle 19 e/8 y 10., Postal mail 8070, CP 10800, Vedado, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Gabriela Díaz Domínguez
- Department of Immunology, "Dr. José Manuel BallesterSantovenia" Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Calle 19 e/8 y 10., Postal mail 8070, CP 10800, Vedado, Havana, Cuba.
| | - Yaneisy Duarte Pérez
- Department of Immunology, "Dr. José Manuel BallesterSantovenia" Institute of Hematology and Immunology, Calle 19 e/8 y 10., Postal mail 8070, CP 10800, Vedado, Havana, Cuba.
| | | | - Luis Felipe Heredia Guerra
- Subdirection for Medical Assistance, Longevity, Anging and Health Research Center (CITED), Vedado, Havana, Cuba.
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Volaric AK, Singh K, Gru AA. Rare EBV-associated B cell neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Semin Diagn Pathol 2021; 38:38-45. [PMID: 33985830 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
EBV-driven B cell neoplasms can rarely present as an extranodal mass in the gastrointestinal tract and can be missed, even by experienced pathologists, because of this uncommon presentation. A selection of these neoplasms, namely EBV-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (DLBCL NOS), EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBV MCU), extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma (EPEL), and EBV-positive Burkitt lymphoma, will be discussed in the present review. Besides the common thread of EBV positivity, these lymphoproliferative disorders arise in unique clinical settings that are often associated with immunodeficiency, immunosuppression or immunosenescence and can present as solitary masses albeit rarely, within the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley K Volaric
- Department of Pathology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Kunwar Singh
- Department of Pathology, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Alejandro A Gru
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States.
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17
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Ikeda T, Gion Y, Nishimura Y, Nishimura MF, Yoshino T, Sato Y. Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Mucocutaneous Ulcer: A Unique and Curious Disease Entity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031053. [PMID: 33494358 PMCID: PMC7865427 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) was first described as a lymphoproliferative disorder in 2010. EBVMCU is a unifocal mucosal or cutaneous ulcer that often occurs after local trauma in patients with immunosuppression; the patients generally have a good prognosis. It is histologically characterized by proliferating EBV-positive atypical B cells accompanied by ulcers. On the basis of conventional pathologic criteria, EBVMCU may be misdiagnosed as EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma or other lymphomas. However, its prognosis differs from that of EBV-associated lymphomas, in that patients with EBVMCU frequently show spontaneous regression or complete remission without chemotherapy. Therefore, EBVMCU is now recognized as a low-grade malignancy or a pseudo-malignant lesion. Avoiding unnecessary chemotherapy by distinguishing EBVMCU from other EBV-associated lymphomas will reduce the burden and unnecessary harm on patients. On the basis of these facts, EBVMCU was first described as a new clinicopathological entity by the World Health Organization in 2017. In this review, we discuss the clinicopathological characteristics of previously reported EBVMCU cases, while focusing on up-to-date clinical, pathological, and genetic aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Ikeda
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.I.); (M.F.N.); (T.Y.)
| | - Yuka Gion
- Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan;
| | - Yoshito Nishimura
- Department of General Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama 700-8558, Japan;
| | - Midori Filiz Nishimura
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.I.); (M.F.N.); (T.Y.)
| | - Tadashi Yoshino
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.I.); (M.F.N.); (T.Y.)
| | - Yasuharu Sato
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan; (T.I.); (M.F.N.); (T.Y.)
- Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-86-235-7150; Fax: +81-86-235-7156
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18
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Ikeda T, Gion Y, Sakamoto M, Tachibana T, Nishikori A, Nishimura MF, Yoshino T, Sato Y. Clinicopathological analysis of 34 Japanese patients with EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer. Mod Pathol 2020; 33:2437-2448. [PMID: 32561847 DOI: 10.1038/s41379-020-0599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) is a unifocal mucosal or cutaneous ulcer that is histologically characterized by proliferating EBV-positive atypical B cells. While EBVMCU demonstrates a histology similar to that of EBV-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), their clinical behavior differs. Thus, characterizing distinguishing features of EBVMCU and EBV-positive DLBCL is critical. To identify unique characteristics between EBVMCU and lymphoma, we analyzed the clinicopathological and genetic features of 34 Japanese patients with EBVMCU and compared them to those of 24 EBV-positive DLBCL patients and 25 EBV-negative DLBCL patients. All patients with EBVMCU had localized ulcerative lesions, and 31 patients (91%) were using immunosuppressants, such as methotrexate (MTX) or hydroxycarbamide. All patients that were followed up with exhibited good prognosis following immunosuppressant reduction or chemotherapy. In addition, 17 EBV-positive DLBCL patients, and 15 EBV-negative DLBCL patients, received chemotherapy (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). Our data showed that EBVMCU did not increase indicators associated with lymphoma prognosis, such as soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) compared to those in the EBV-positive DLBCL or EBV-negative DLBCL groups (sIL-2R, P < 0.001, P = 0.025; LDH, P = 0.018, P = 0.038, respectively). However, histologically, EBVMCU exhibited EBV-positive, variable-sized, atypical B-cell proliferation. Thus, EBVMCU was histologically classified as: (1) polymorphous; (2) large cell-rich; (3) classic Hodgkin lymphoma-like; and (4) mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma-like. Moreover, genetic analysis showed that immunoglobin heavy chain (IGH) gene rearrangement did not differ significantly between EBVMCU and EBV-positive DLBCL (44% vs. 32%; P = 0.377), or between EBVMCU and EBV-negative DLBCL (44% vs. 58%; P = 0.280). Therefore, it is difficult to distinguish EBVMCU from EBV-positive DLBCL using only pathological and genetic findings, suggesting that clinical information is important in accurately distinguishing between EBVMCU and EBV-positive DLBCL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoka Ikeda
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuka Gion
- Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Misa Sakamoto
- Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Tachibana
- Department of Otolaryngology, Japanese Red Cross Society Himeji Hospital, Himeji, Japan
| | - Asami Nishikori
- Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Midori Filiz Nishimura
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tadashi Yoshino
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Sato
- Department of Pathology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan. .,Division of Pathophysiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
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19
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Kourelis TV, Jevremovic D, Jessen E, Dasari S, Villasboas JC, Dispenzieri A, Kumar S. Mass cytometry identifies expansion of double positive and exhausted T cell subsets in the tumour microenvironment of patients with POEMS syndrome. Br J Haematol 2020; 190:79-83. [PMID: 32080834 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We sought to dissect the tumour microenvironment in a small cohort (N = 10) of patients with POEMS at diagnosis and after therapy using mass cytometry. We included 10 MGUS patients as controls. We identified 29 immune cell subsets in the CD45+ and CD3+ compartments. Double positive T cells and PD-1 positive CD4 T cells were expanded and naïve CD4 T cells were decreased in the bone marrow of patients with newly diagnosed/progressing POEMS. These findings provide evidence for possible antigenic-driven selection as a driver of disease pathogenesis in POEMS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dragan Jevremovic
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Erik Jessen
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Surendra Dasari
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Jose C Villasboas
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Angela Dispenzieri
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Shaji Kumar
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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20
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Ikeda T, Gion Y, Yoshino T, Sato Y. A review of EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcers focusing on clinical and pathological aspects. J Clin Exp Hematop 2019; 59:64-71. [PMID: 31257347 PMCID: PMC6661964 DOI: 10.3960/jslrt.18039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive mucocutaneous ulcers (EBVMCUs) were first described as a lymphoproliferative disorder in 2010. Clinically, EBVMCUs are shallow, sharply circumscribed, unifocal mucosal or cutaneous ulcers that occur in immunosuppressed patients, including those with advanced age-associated immunosenescence, iatrogenic immunosuppression, primary immune disorders, and HIV/AIDS-associated immune deficiencies. In general, patients exhibit indolent disease progression and spontaneous regression. Histologically, EBVMCUs are characterized by the proliferation of EBV-positive, variable-sized, atypical B-cells. According to conventional histopathologic criteria, EBVMCUs may diagnosed as lymphomas. However, EBVMCUs are recognized as pseudomalignant lesions because they spontaneously regress without anti-cancer treatment. Therefore, overtreatment must be carefully avoided and multilateral differentiation is important. In this article, we reviewed previously reported EBVMCUs focusing on their clinical and pathological aspects in comparison with other EBV-positive B-cell neoplasms.
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21
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Roessner PM, Hanna BS, Öztürk S, Schulz R, Llaó Cid L, Yazdanparast H, Scheffold A, Colomer D, Stilgenbauer S, Lichter P, Seiffert M. TBET-expressing Th1 CD4 + T cells accumulate in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia without affecting disease progression in Eµ-TCL1 mice. Br J Haematol 2019; 189:133-145. [PMID: 31724172 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is associated with alterations in T cell number, subset distribution and function. Among these changes, an increase in CD4+ T cells was reported. CD4+ T cells are a heterogeneous population and distinct subsets have been described to exert pro- and anti-tumour functions. In CLL, controversial reports describing the dominance of IFNγ-expressing Th1 T cells or of IL-4-producing Th2 T cells exist. Our study shows that blood of CLL patients is enriched in Th1 T cells producing high amounts of IFNγ. Moreover, we observed that their frequency remains relatively stable in CLL patients over a time course of five years. Furthermore, we provide evidence for an accumulation of Th1 T cells in the Eµ-TCL1 mouse model of CLL. As TBET (encoded by Tbx21) is a crucial transcription factor for Th1 polarization, we generated Tbx21-/- bone marrow chimaeric mice which showed a lower number of IFNγ-producing Th1 T cells, and used them for adoptive transfer of Eµ-TCL1 leukaemia. Disease development in these mice was, however, comparable to that in wild-type controls, excluding a major role for TBET-expressing Th1 cells in Eµ-TCL1 leukaemia. Collectively, our data highlight that Th1 T cells accumulate in CLL but reducing their number has no impact on disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bola S Hanna
- Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany
| | - Selcen Öztürk
- Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany
| | - Ralph Schulz
- Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Laura Llaó Cid
- Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany.,Faculty of Biosciences, University of Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Dolors Colomer
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hematopathology Unit, Hospital Clinic, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Peter Lichter
- Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany
| | - Martina Seiffert
- Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Germany
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22
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Double positive CD4+CD8+ T cells are part of the adaptive immune response against Candida albicans. Hum Immunol 2019; 80:999-1005. [PMID: 31561914 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2019.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although multiple immune cells participate in the innate and adaptive immune response against Candida albicans, the elucidation of cellular and inflammation kinetics may be a promising strategy to decipher events propitious to infection eradication. We used an in vitro Candida-human leucocyte coculture approach to study the dynamics of rare CD4+CD8+ double positive T lymphocytes (DP T) produced in response to this fungus. Our results highlight the presence of two phenotypically distinct subsets of DP T cells: CD4hiCD8lo and CD4loCD8hi, and that the different ratio of these cells correlates with infection outcome. The ratio of CD4hiCD8lo over CD4loCD8hi by day 6 was significantly higher in controlled infections and decreased when infection persisted due to a significant increase in the proportion of CD4loCD8hi. When infection was controlled, CD4hiCD8lo T cells secreted IFNγ, TNFα, IL-4 and IL-10 cytokines two days after challenge. By day 2, under conditions of persistent infection, CD4hiCD8lo and CD4loCD8hi T cells secreted significant levels of IL-4 and IL-10, respectively, compared to uninfected cultures. Frequency kinetics and original cytokine profiles detailed in this work indicate that DP T cells could participate in the adaptive immune response to C. albicans.
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23
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Russi S, Vincenti A, Vinella A, Mariggiò MA, Pavone F, Dammacco F, Lauletta G. CD5/CD20 expression on circulating B cells in HCV-related chronic hepatitis and mixed cryoglobulinemia. Eur J Intern Med 2019; 66:48-56. [PMID: 31126779 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2019.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of CD5+ B cells in patients with HCV infection and HCV-related disorders, including mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC), has been addressed in previous reports with conflicting results. We established a correlation between CD5/CD20 expression on circulating B lymphocytes, characterizing monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis (MBL), and clinical features in a cohort of 45 patients with chronic HCV hepatitis [without MC: 23 patients (MC- group); with MC: 22 patients (MC+ group)], and 45 HCV-negative healthy subjects as controls. By flow cytometry analysis, three B cells phenotypes were singled out: 1) CD5+CD20dim (CLL-like phenotype); 2) CD5+CD20bright (atypical phenotype); and 3) CD5-CD20+ phenotype. CD5+CD20bright cells were reduced in MC- patients (p=0.049). CD5+CD20dim B cells were significantly higher in group B than in the control group (p=0.003). ROC curve analysis in MC+ patients showed the highest positive likelihood ratio at ≥7.35% (p=0.008) for CLL-like phenotype and at ≤63.6% (p=0.03) for the CD5-CD20+ B cell phenotype. HCV infection was associated with a higher frequency of CLL-like (odds ratio=16, p=0.002) and a lower frequency of atypical (odds ratio: 3.1, p=0.02) and CD5-CD20+ (odds ratio: 11, p=0.01) phenotypes. The association with higher levels of CLL-like phenotype progressively increased from group of MC- patients (odds ratio: 9.3, p=0.04) to the group of MC+ patients (odds ratio: 25.1, p=0.0003). CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of a CLL-like pattern may allow to identify HCV-infected patients at risk of developing MC and eventually non-Hodgkin lymphoma, who should require a closer surveillance and a longer follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabino Russi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy; Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, PZ, Italy.
| | - Alessandra Vincenti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Angela Vinella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | | | - Fabio Pavone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy; Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST), IRCCS, Meldola, FC, Italy
| | - Franco Dammacco
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | - Gianfranco Lauletta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
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24
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Papalexandri A, Karypidou M, Stalika E, Kotta K, Touloumenidou T, Zerva P, Paleta A, Mallouri D, Batsis I, Sakellari I, Kotsianidis I, Anagnostopoulos A, Hadzidimitriou A, Margaritis D, Stamatopoulos K. Skewing of the T-cell receptor repertoire in patients receiving rituximab after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: what lies beneath? Leuk Lymphoma 2019; 60:1685-1692. [PMID: 30652530 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1543881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rituximab is known to affect T cell immune responses. We and others have reported expansions of T large granular lymphocytes (T-LGLs) in lymphoma patients after Rituximab. We report here the immunogenetic profiling of the T cell receptor (TR) gene repertoire in 14 patients who received Rituximab post allo-HCT and explore clinicobiological correlations. All experienced antigenic triggers, CMV, EBV re-activation and chronic GvHD and had been treated with Rituximab. Skewing of TRBV genes was observed: 3 TRBV genes accounted for half of the repertoire. Oligoclonal pattern with expanded clonotypes was common. Patients with oligoclonality exhibited frequently cGvHD. Longitudinal samples in one revealed distinct clonotypes, suggesting clonal drift. T-LGL leukemia of donor origin with mixed chimerism eventually developed. In conclusion, we report development of oligoclonal T-LGLs after Rituximab post allo-HCT, alluding to antigen selection. Persistence of this phenomenon likely reflects strong antigenic stimulation by viruses and/or cGVHD aggravated by Rituximab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apostolia Papalexandri
- a Haematology Department and BMT Unit , G.Papanikolaou Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece.,b Hematology Department, School of Health Sciences , Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandropouli , Greece
| | - Maria Karypidou
- c Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Evangelia Stalika
- c Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Konstantina Kotta
- c Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Tasoula Touloumenidou
- a Haematology Department and BMT Unit , G.Papanikolaou Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Panagiota Zerva
- a Haematology Department and BMT Unit , G.Papanikolaou Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Angeliki Paleta
- a Haematology Department and BMT Unit , G.Papanikolaou Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Despina Mallouri
- a Haematology Department and BMT Unit , G.Papanikolaou Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Ioannis Batsis
- a Haematology Department and BMT Unit , G.Papanikolaou Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Ioanna Sakellari
- a Haematology Department and BMT Unit , G.Papanikolaou Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Ioannis Kotsianidis
- b Hematology Department, School of Health Sciences , Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandropouli , Greece
| | | | - Anastasia Hadzidimitriou
- c Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Dimitris Margaritis
- b Hematology Department, School of Health Sciences , Democritus University of Thrace , Alexandropouli , Greece
| | - Kostas Stamatopoulos
- c Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas , Thessaloniki , Greece
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25
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Simões C, Silva I, Carvalho A, Silva S, Santos S, Marques G, Ribeiro A, Roque A, Carda J, Sarmento‐Ribeiro A, Domingues MDR, Ribeiro L, Paiva A. Quantification and phenotypic characterization of peripheral blood Vδ1 + T cells in chronic lymphocytic leukemia and monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2018; 96:164-168. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Simões
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional de Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- Departamento de QuímicaUniversidade de Aveiro Aveiro Portugal
| | - Isabel Silva
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional de Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Anabela Carvalho
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional de Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Sandra Silva
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional de Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Susana Santos
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional de Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Gilberto Marques
- Serviço de Patologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - André Ribeiro
- Serviço de Hematologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Adriana Roque
- Serviço de Hematologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - José Carda
- Serviço de Hematologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculdade de Medicina Coimbra Portugal
| | - A.B. Sarmento‐Ribeiro
- Serviço de Hematologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculdade de Medicina Coimbra Portugal
| | | | - Letícia Ribeiro
- Serviço de Hematologia Clínica, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Artur Paiva
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional de Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research, Faculdade de Medicina Coimbra Portugal
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26
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Criado I, Rodríguez-Caballero A, Gutiérrez ML, Pedreira CE, Alcoceba M, Nieto W, Teodosio C, Bárcena P, Romero A, Fernández-Navarro P, González M, Almeida J, Orfao A. Low-count monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis persists after seven years of follow up and is associated with a poorer outcome. Haematologica 2018; 103:1198-1208. [PMID: 29567775 PMCID: PMC6029554 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.183954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Low-count monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis is defined by the presence of very low numbers of circulating clonal B cells, usually phenotypically similar to chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, whose biological and clinical significance remains elusive. Herein, we re-evaluated 65/91 low-count monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis cases (54 chronic lymphocytic leukemia-like and 11 non-chronic lymphocytic leukemia-like) followed-up for a median of seven years, using high-sensitivity flow cytometry and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization. Overall, the clone size significantly increased in 69% of low-count monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis cases, but only one subject progressed to high-count monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. In parallel, the frequency of cytogenetic alterations increased over time (32% vs. 61% of cases, respectively). The absolute number of the major T-cell and natural killer cell populations also increased, but only among chronic lymphocytic leukemia-like cases with increased clone size vs. age- and sex-matched controls. Although progression to chronic lymphocytic leukemia was not observed, the overall survival of low-count monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis individuals was significantly reduced vs. non-monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis controls (P=0.03) plus the general population from the same region (P≤0.001), particularly among females (P=0.01); infection and cancer were the main causes of death in low-count monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. In summary, despite the fact that mid-term progression from low-count monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis to high-count monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis and chronic lymphocytic leukemia appears to be unlikely, these clones persist at increased numbers, usually carrying more genetic alterations, and might thus be a marker of an impaired immune system indirectly associated with a poorer outcome, particularly among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Criado
- Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), University of Salamanca, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Arancha Rodríguez-Caballero
- Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), University of Salamanca, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Spain
| | - M Laura Gutiérrez
- Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), University of Salamanca, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Carlos E Pedreira
- Systems and Computing Department (PESC), COPPE, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
| | - Miguel Alcoceba
- Hematology Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBMCC, IBSAL, CIBERONC and Department of Nursery and Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Wendy Nieto
- Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), University of Salamanca, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Cristina Teodosio
- Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), University of Salamanca, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Paloma Bárcena
- Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), University of Salamanca, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Alfonso Romero
- Centro de Atención Primaria de Salud Miguel Armijo, Salamanca, Sanidad de Castilla y León (SACYL), Spain
| | - Paulino Fernández-Navarro
- Centro de Atención Primaria de Salud de Ledesma, Salamanca, Sanidad de Castilla y León (SACYL), Spain
| | - Marcos González
- Hematology Service, University Hospital of Salamanca, IBMCC, IBSAL, CIBERONC and Department of Nursery and Physiotherapy, University of Salamanca, Spain
| | - Julia Almeida
- Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), University of Salamanca, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Cancer Research Centre (IBMCC, USAL-CSIC), Department of Medicine and Cytometry Service (NUCLEUS), University of Salamanca, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Spain
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27
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Blanco G, Vardi A, Puiggros A, Gómez-Llonín A, Muro M, Rodríguez-Rivera M, Stalika E, Abella E, Gimeno E, López-Sánchez M, Senín A, Calvo X, Abrisqueta P, Bosch F, Ferrer A, Stamatopoulos K, Espinet B. Restricted T cell receptor repertoire in CLL-like monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis and early stage CLL. Oncoimmunology 2018; 7:e1432328. [PMID: 29872562 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2018.1432328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Analysis of the T cell receptor (TR) repertoire of chronic lymphocytic leukemia-like monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis (CLL-like MBL) and early stage CLL is relevant for understanding the dynamic interaction of expanded B cell clones with bystander T cells. Here we profiled the T cell receptor β chain (TRB) repertoire of the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell fractions from 16 CLL-like MBL and 13 untreated, Binet stage A/Rai stage 0 CLL patients using subcloning analysis followed by Sanger sequencing. The T cell subpopulations of both MBL and early stage CLL harbored restricted TRB gene repertoire, with CD4+ T cell clonal expansions whose frequency followed the numerical increase of clonal B cells. Longitudinal analysis in MBL cases revealed clonal persistence, alluding to persistent antigen stimulation. In addition, the identification of shared clonotypes among different MBL/early stage CLL cases pointed towards selection of the T cell clones by common antigenic elements. T cell clonotypes previously described in viral infections and immune disorders were also detected. Altogether, our findings evidence that antigen-mediated TR restriction occurs early in clonal evolution leading to CLL and may further increase together with B cell clonal expansion, possibly suggesting that the T cell selecting antigens are tumor-related.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Blanco
- Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Laboratori de Citologia Hematològica, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Grup de Recerca Translacional en Neoplàsies Hematològiques, Cancer Research Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Vardi
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, CERTH, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anna Puiggros
- Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Laboratori de Citologia Hematològica, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Grup de Recerca Translacional en Neoplàsies Hematològiques, Cancer Research Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Gómez-Llonín
- Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Laboratori de Citologia Hematològica, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Grup de Recerca Translacional en Neoplàsies Hematològiques, Cancer Research Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Muro
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - María Rodríguez-Rivera
- Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Laboratori de Citologia Hematològica, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Grup de Recerca Translacional en Neoplàsies Hematològiques, Cancer Research Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Eugenia Abella
- Servei d'Hematologia, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva Gimeno
- Servei d'Hematologia, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuela López-Sánchez
- Immunology Service, University Clinical Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Alicia Senín
- Servei d'Hematologia, Hospital del Mar-IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Calvo
- Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Laboratori de Citologia Hematològica, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Grup de Recerca Translacional en Neoplàsies Hematològiques, Cancer Research Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Abrisqueta
- Servei d'Hematologia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Bosch
- Servei d'Hematologia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Ferrer
- Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Laboratori de Citologia Hematològica, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Grup de Recerca Translacional en Neoplàsies Hematològiques, Cancer Research Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Blanca Espinet
- Laboratori de Citogenètica Molecular, Laboratori de Citologia Hematològica, Servei de Patologia, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.,Grup de Recerca Translacional en Neoplàsies Hematològiques, Cancer Research Programme, IMIM-Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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Clénet ML, Gagnon F, Moratalla AC, Viel EC, Arbour N. Peripheral human CD4 +CD8 + T lymphocytes exhibit a memory phenotype and enhanced responses to IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11612. [PMID: 28912605 PMCID: PMC5599513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11926-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes account for 1–2% of circulating human T lymphocytes, but their frequency is augmented in several diseases. The phenotypic and functional properties of these T lymphocytes are still ill-defined. We performed an ex vivo characterization of CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes from the blood of healthy individuals. We observed that CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes exhibit several characteristics associated with memory T lymphocytes including the expression of chemokine receptors (e.g. CCR7, CXCR3, CCR6) and activation markers (e.g. CD57, CD95). Moreover, we showed that a greater proportion of CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes have an enhanced capacity to produce cytokines (IFNγ, TNFα, IL-2, IL-4, IL-17A) and lytic enzymes (perforin, granzyme B) compared to CD4+ and/or CD8+ T lymphocytes. Finally, we assessed the impact of three key cytokines in T cell biology on these cells. We observed that IL-2, IL-7 and IL-15 triggered STAT5 phosphorylation in a greater proportion of CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes compared to CD4 and CD8 counterparts. We demonstrate that CD4+CD8+ T lymphocytes from healthy donors exhibit a phenotypic profile associated with memory T lymphocytes, an increased capacity to produce cytokines and lytic enzymes, and a higher proportion of cells responding to key cytokines implicated in T cell survival, homeostasis and activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Laure Clénet
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal and CRCHUM, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - François Gagnon
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal and CRCHUM, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Ana Carmena Moratalla
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal and CRCHUM, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Emilie C Viel
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal and CRCHUM, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Nathalie Arbour
- Department of Neurosciences, Université de Montréal and CRCHUM, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
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29
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Abstract
Primary cutaneous large B‑cell lymphomas (PCBLT), EBV-positive large B‑cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified (EBV+ DLBCL, NOS), and primary cutaneous intravascular large B‑cell lymphomas (PCIVLBL) are recognized as cutaneous lymphomas with intermediate to poor prognosis. Differentiation from indolent B‑cell lymphomas or other pathologies of the skin can be complex, both clinically and histologically, but vital for the outcome of the patient. The combination of immunotherapy and polychemotherapy regimens, such as R‑CHOP, has led to significant improvements in prognosis, especially in diffuse large B‑cell lymphomas. Therapeutic decisions need to be individually made for each patient, ideally within an interdisciplinary tumor conference. Immunosenescence may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of EBV+ DLBCL, NOS in elderly individuals. Their prognosis is less favorable than that of patients with EBV-negative PCBLT, whereby this has been observed particularly in elderly patients. One third of patients with PCIVLBL progress to systemic disease. The occurrence of nodal manifestation is rarely observed. Symptoms may vary depending on the organ system involved. Currently there are no evidence-based therapy recommendations due to the rarity of the disease. EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer is a new provisional category in the current WHO classification for lymphoid neoplasms. It has been segregated from EBV+ DLBCL, NOS due to its self-limiting course and good response to conservative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lamos
- Hautklinik Ludwigshafen, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Bremserstr. 79, 67063, Ludwigshafen, Deutschland.
| | - E Dippel
- Hautklinik Ludwigshafen, Klinikum der Stadt Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Bremserstr. 79, 67063, Ludwigshafen, Deutschland
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30
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Effect of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Ageing on T-Bet and Eomes Expression on T-Cell Subsets. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071391. [PMID: 28661443 PMCID: PMC5535884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The differential impact of ageing and cytomegalovirus (CMV) latent infection on human T-cell subsets remains to some extent controversial. The purpose of this study was to analyse the expression of the transcription factors T-bet and Eomes and CD57 on CD4+, CD4hiCD8lo and CD8+ T-cell subsets in healthy individuals, stratified by age and CMV serostatus. The percentage of CD4+ T-cells expressing T-bet or Eomes was very low, in particular in CD4+ T-cells from young CMV-seronegative individuals, and were higher in CMV-seropositive older individuals, in both CD57− and CD57+ CD4+ T-cells. The study of the minor peripheral blood double-positive CD4hiCD8lo T-cells showed that the percentage of these T-cells expressing both Eomes and T-bet was higher compared to CD4+ T-cells. The percentage of CD4hiCD8lo T-cells expressing T-bet was also associated with CMV seropositivity and the coexpression of Eomes, T-bet and CD57 on CD4hiCD8lo T-cells was only observed in CMV-seropositive donors, supporting the hypothesis that these cells are mature effector memory cells. The percentage of T-cells expressing Eomes and T-bet was higher in CD8+ T-cells than in CD4+ T-cells. The percentages of CD8+ T-cells expressing Eomes and T-bet increased with age in CMV-seronegative and -seropositive individuals and the percentages of CD57− CD8+ and CD57+ CD8+ T-cells coexpressing both transcription factors were similar in the different groups studied. These results support that CMV chronic infection and/or ageing are associated to the expansion of highly differentiated CD4+, CD4hiCD8lo and CD8+ T-cells that differentially express T-bet and Eomes suggesting that the expression of these transcription factors is essential for the generation and development of an effector-memory and effector T lymphocytes involved in conferring protection against chronic CMV infection.
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31
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Craig FE. The utility of peripheral blood smear review for identifying specimens for flow cytometric immunophenotyping. Int J Lab Hematol 2017; 39 Suppl 1:41-46. [DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F. E. Craig
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology; Mayo Clinic Arizona; Phoenix AZ USA
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32
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Parrot T, Allard M, Oger R, Benlalam H, Raingeard de la Blétière D, Coutolleau A, Preisser L, Desfrançois J, Khammari A, Dréno B, Labarrière N, Delneste Y, Guardiola P, Gervois N. IL-9 promotes the survival and function of human melanoma-infiltrating CD4+CD8+double-positive T cells. Eur J Immunol 2016; 46:1770-82. [DOI: 10.1002/eji.201546061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiphaine Parrot
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Mathilde Allard
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Romain Oger
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Houssem Benlalam
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Diane Raingeard de la Blétière
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université d'Angers; Angers France
- SNP Transcriptome & Epigenomics Facility; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Angers France
| | - Anne Coutolleau
- SNP Transcriptome & Epigenomics Facility; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Angers France
| | - Laurence Preisser
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université d'Angers; Angers France
| | | | - Amir Khammari
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
- Unit of Skin Cancer; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Nantes France
- GMP Unit of Cellular Therapy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Nantes France
| | - Brigitte Dréno
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
- Unit of Skin Cancer; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Nantes France
- GMP Unit of Cellular Therapy; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Nantes France
| | - Nathalie Labarrière
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
| | - Yves Delneste
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université d'Angers; Angers France
| | - Philippe Guardiola
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université d'Angers; Angers France
- SNP Transcriptome & Epigenomics Facility; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire; Angers France
| | - Nadine Gervois
- INSERM; U892 Nantes France
- CNRS; UMR 6299 Nantes France
- Université de Nantes; Nantes France
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Roberts TK, Chen X, Liao JJ. Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer: a case report and systematic review of the literature. Exp Hematol Oncol 2016; 5:13. [PMID: 27127726 PMCID: PMC4848873 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-016-0042-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epstein-Barr virus-positive mucocutaneous ulcer (EBVMCU) is a recently recognized B cell lymphoproliferative disorder that is driven by latent EBV infection and causes discrete ulcerations in the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and skin. Local attenuation of immunosurveillance associated with iatrogenic immunosuppressant use, primary immunodeficiency, or age-associated immunosenescence has been implicated as a predisposing factor. This disorder is likely under reported, as it was only first defined in 2010 and shares histological features with other B-cell proliferative neoplasms. The first case series that described EBVMCU suggested that EBVMCU is generally self-limited and is likely to resolve without treatment. Since that publication, additional cases have been reported that describe a more heterogeneous clinical course, often requiring aggressive therapy. We now systematically review all published cases of EBVMCU and detail a case of aggressive and progressive EBVMCU, including diagnostic and management challenges, as well as successful treatment with radiation therapy. CASE PRESENTATION A forty-nine year old woman presented with painful and debilitating multifocal oral EBVMCU that initially responded to four weekly doses of rituximab. Her disease relapsed within 3 months and continued to progress and cause significant morbidity. She was successfully treated with local external beam radiation therapy of 30 Gy in 15 fractions, with duration of response of at least 6 months. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that although many patients with EBVMCU experience a self-limited course, for others EBVMCU can be a debilitating, persistent disorder that requires aggressive therapy to prevent disease progression. CD20- and CD30-directed antibody therapy, local radiation therapy, local surgical excision, systemic chemotherapy, and a combination of these therapies have all been successfully used to treat EBVMCU with high rates of durable clinical remission. As EBVMCU is not currently included in the 2008 WHO classification of lymphoproliferative disorders and no evidence-based guidelines or expert opinions have been proposed to guide therapy, this case report and systematic review provides a foundation on which to guide therapeutic decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni K. Roberts
- Department of Hematology Oncology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, University of Washington Allied Hospitals, 1100 Fairview Ave N-D5-100, Seattle, WA 98109-1024 USA
| | - Xueyan Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, UW Hematopathology Laboratory, University of Washington, Box 358081, 825 Eastlake Ave E, Seattle, WA 98109 USA
| | - Jay Justin Liao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific St, 1st floor, NN106, Seattle, WA 98195 USA
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Abstract
Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is defined as a laboratory abnormality where small (<5 x 10(9)/L) clonal B-cell populations are detected in the peripheral blood of otherwise healthy subjects. According to the immunophenotype, MBL is labeled as chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)-like (75% of cases), atypical CLL, and CD5-negative. Concentration of clonal B cells differentiates low- (LC) and high-count (HC)-MBL (< or ≥ 0.5 x 10(9)/L, respectively). Thanks to technical improvements, we are able to identify CLL-like clonal B-cell populations at increased frequency with age, but we are still far from understanding its relationship with clinically overt CLL. LC-MBL, requiring high-throughput screening technique to be identified in population studies, seems to be a bird of a different feather and several hints suggest that LC-MBL is related to aging and/or chronic antigenic stimulation. Immunogenetic, cytogenetic and genetic data support the notion that HC-MBL, usually identified in the clinical setting, is a premalignant condition and, based on biological parameters, it is frequently difficult to differentiate it from early stage CLL. The rapid improvement and widespread availability of cutting-edge technology, in particular next-generation sequencing (NGS), raises hope that we are getting closer to unveiling the fundamental nature of MBL and CLL and how they are related to each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Scarfò
- Department of Onco-Haematology and Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Paolo Ghia
- Department of Onco-Haematology and Division of Experimental Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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35
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Abstract
Abstract
The diffuse aggressive large B-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of B-cell malignancies. Although many are readily recognized due to characteristic clinical and pathologic features, several problematic areas still exist in diagnosis of these lymphomas due to a variety of reasons that include imprecise or difficult-to-apply diagnostic criteria, gaps in our understanding of lymphoma biology, and limitations in technologies available in the clinical laboratory compared to the research laboratory. This may result in some degree of confusion in the pathology report, particularly if the issues are not clearly explained, leading to frustration or misinterpretation on the part of the reader. In this review, I will discuss the pathologic features of a subset of the WHO 2008 classification diffuse aggressive large B-cell lymphomas, focusing on areas in which difficulties exist in diagnosis and/or biomarker marker assessment. A deeper understanding of the issues and areas of uncertainty due to limitations in our knowledge about the biology of these diseases should lead to better communication between pathologists and clinicians.
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36
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Ugarte-Gil MF, Sánchez-Zúñiga C, Gamboa-Cárdenas RV, Aliaga-Zamudio M, Zevallos F, Tineo-Pozo G, Cucho-Venegas JM, Mosqueira-Riveros A, Medina M, Perich-Campos RA, Alfaro-Lozano JL, Rodriguez-Bellido Z, Alarcón GS, Pastor-Asurza CA. Circulating CD4+CD28null and extra-thymic CD4+CD8+ double positive T cells are independently associated with disease damage in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. Lupus 2015; 25:233-40. [PMID: 26385221 DOI: 10.1177/0961203315604910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 08/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether circulating CD4+CD28null and extra-thymic CD4+CD8+ double positive (DP) T cells are independently associated with damage accrual in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2013 and April 2014 in consecutive SLE patients from our Rheumatology Department. CD4+CD28null and CD4+CD8+ DP T-cell frequencies were analyzed by flow-cytometry. The association of damage (SLICC/ACR Damage Index, SDI) and CD4+CD28null and CD4+CD8+ DP T cells was examined by univariable and multivariable Poisson regression models, adjusting for possible confounders. All analyses were performed using SPSS 21.0. RESULTS Patients' (n = 133) mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 35.5 (16.8) years, 124 (93.2%) were female; all were mestizo (mixed Caucasian and Amerindian ancestry). Disease duration was 7.4 (6.8) years. The SLE Disease Activity Index was 5.5 (4.2), and the SDI 0.9 (1.2). The percentages of CD4+CD28null and CD4+CD8+ DP T cells were 17.1 (14.4) and 0.4 (1.4), respectively. The percentage of CD4+CD28null and CD4+CD8+ DP T cells were positively associated with a higher SDI in both univariable (rate ratio (RR) 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.03 and 1.17, 95% CI: 1.07-1.27, respectively; p < 0.001 for both) and multivariable analyses RR 1.02, 95% CI: 1.01-1.03, p = 0.001 for CD4+CD28null T cells and 1.28, 95% CI: 1.13-1.44, p < 0.001 for CD4+CD8+ DP T cells). Only the renal domain remained associated with CD4+CD28null in multivariable analyses (RR 1.023 (1.002-1.045); p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS In SLE patients, CD4+CD28null and CD4+CD8+ DP T cells are independently associated with disease damage. Longitudinal studies are warranted to determine the predictive value of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Ugarte-Gil
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Peru
| | - C Sánchez-Zúñiga
- Molecular Biology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - R V Gamboa-Cárdenas
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - M Aliaga-Zamudio
- Molecular Biology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - F Zevallos
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - G Tineo-Pozo
- Molecular Biology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - J M Cucho-Venegas
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - A Mosqueira-Riveros
- Molecular Biology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - M Medina
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - R A Perich-Campos
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - J L Alfaro-Lozano
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru
| | - Z Rodriguez-Bellido
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - G S Alarcón
- School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - C A Pastor-Asurza
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Nacional Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen, EsSalud, Lima, Peru Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
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Abstract
T lymphocytes belong to 2 distinct sublineages that express either αβ or γδ T-cell receptor (TCR) complex. Although malignancy is a great instigator of lineage infidelity, as exemplified by aberrant expression of numerous lineage markers in lymphoma cells, malignant T cells rarely coexpress αβ and γδ TCR complexes. Similarly, only rare cases of CD4/CD8 double-positive primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma have been reported. In this report, we describe a remarkable case of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma coexpressing αβ and γδ TCR complexes, strong diffuse CD8, and a very restricted coexpression of CD4 and CD8. A 66-year-old man was referred to our center for treatment of a persistent eczematoid eruption of 6 years of duration. An initial biopsy demonstrated not only marked spongiosis, but also an epidermotropic population of CD4 small mature T cells with partial expression of CD8. The process remained indolent for another year, followed by an abrupt progression with development of plaques and tumors. Repeat biopsies of these lesions demonstrated a superimposed population of large anaplastic T cells extensively involving the dermis and epidermis. The large cells showed a strong uniform expression of CD3, CD8, CD45RA, CD5, granzyme, TIA1, perforin, TCR-β, and TCR-γ and a weaker but unambiguous expression of CD4, CD25, CD2, and CD56. TCR gene rearrangement studies showed clonal rearrangements for TCR-β and TCR-γ with identical peaks to those seen in the biopsy from a year earlier. The patient developed lymphadenopathy, with a biopsy showing nodal involvement by a morphologically and phenotypically identical neoplastic T-cell population. The disease showed partial response to systemic chemotherapy with development of new plaques, but these new lesions have regressed with radiation therapy.
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38
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Cao F, Zhao H, Li Y, Dai S, Wang C. Clinicopathological and phenotypic features of chronic NK cell lymphocytosis identified among patients with asymptomatic lymphocytosis. Int J Lab Hematol 2015; 37:783-90. [PMID: 26234181 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 06/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic natural killer (NK) cell lymphocytosis is currently a provisional entity. This study demonstrated NK cell lymphocytosis in patients with asymptomatic lymphocytosis and presented the hematological and phenotypic findings. METHODS Flow cytometry analysis was performed for investigation of unexplained peripheral lymphocytosis. NK cells were determined by the phenotype of CD3-/CD16+/CD56+. Chronic NK cell lymphocytosis was defined by a NK cell count of ≥ 2 × 10(9)/L, persistent for over 6 months, no evidence of B- or T-cell clonality and no hematologic disorders. RESULTS Among 190 patients with peripheral lymphocytosis, 15(7.9%) patients, age 42-72 years, were identified to have NK cell lymphocytosis, with a median NK cell count of 3.1 × 10(9)/L (range 2.1-7.3 × 10(9)/L). Persistent NK cell lymphocytosis was confirmed with a median follow-up of 18 months. CD56(bright) NK cell populations were seen in eight patients and CD56(dim) NK cells in seven patients. CD57 co-expression was seen in both CD56(dim) and CD56(bright) cells. CD7, CD2, or CD8 expression was seen in some of the NK populations. The NK cell lymphocytosis appeared stable and no progression to NK cell leukemia during the follow-up period. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that chronic NK cell lymphocytosis, similar to monoclonal B lymphocytosis or T-cell clones, may account for asymptomatic lymphocytosis. There were no identifiable causes of the NK cell expansion. The variable phenotype may represent the heterogeneity and pathological features of NK lymphocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cao
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.,Central Laboratory, Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - H Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Y Li
- Central Laboratory, Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - S Dai
- Alkali Soil Natural Environmental Science Center, Northeast Forestry University, Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - C Wang
- Central Laboratory, Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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39
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Bergström M, Joly AL, Seiron P, Isringhausen S, Modig E, Fellström B, Andersson J, Berglund D. Immunological profiling of haemodialysis patients and young healthy individuals with implications for clinical regulatory T cell sorting. Scand J Immunol 2015; 81:318-24. [PMID: 25737071 DOI: 10.1111/sji.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing interest in clinical trials with regulatory T cells (Tregs), immunological profiling of prospective target groups and standardized procedures for Treg isolation are needed. In this study, flow cytometry was used to assess peripheral blood lymphocyte profiles of young healthy individuals and patients undergoing haemodialysis treatment. Tregs obtained from the former may be used in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and Tregs from the latter in the prevention of kidney transplant rejection. FOXP3 mRNA expression with accompanying isoform distribution was also assessed by the quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Flow-cytometric gating strategies were systematically analysed to optimize the isolation of Tregs. Our findings showed an overall similar immunological profile of both cohorts in spite of great differences in both age and health. Analysis of flow-cytometric gating techniques highlighted the importance of gating for both CD25high and CD127low expression in the isolation of FOXP3-positive cells. This study provides additional insight into the immunological profile of young healthy individuals and uraemic patients as well as in-depth analysis of flow-cytometric gating strategies for Treg isolation, supporting the development of Treg therapy using cells from healthy donors and uraemic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bergström
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Section of Clinical Immunology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Singleton TP, Yin B, Teferra A, Mao JZ. Spectrum of Clonal Large Granular Lymphocytes (LGLs) of αβ T Cells: T-Cell Clones of Undetermined Significance, T-Cell LGL Leukemias, and T-Cell Immunoclones. Am J Clin Pathol 2015; 144:137-44. [PMID: 26071471 DOI: 10.1309/ajcpj57ytegliuoi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Clones of T-cell large granular lymphocytes (LGLTs) were detected by flow cytometry. Disease associations are described. METHODS Flow cytometry on blood or marrow detected clonal LGLTs by analyzing variable regions of the T-cell receptor β chain. RESULTS LGLT clones were detected in 20% (54/264) of tested patients. The clone sizes were less than 2.0 × 10(9)/L in the blood in 73% and less than 10% of marrow space in 94%. Blood counts showed cytopenias. Clinical associations included B-cell clones, myeloid neoplasms, nonneoplastic disorders of blood or marrow, transplants, systemic immune disorders, carcinomas, or hypothyroidism. Twelve patients had LGLT leukemia. Most (76%) had small LGLT clones with limited impact on the clinical management. CONCLUSIONS Most of the LGLT clones detected by flow cytometry were small and did not change the clinical management. We propose the following terminology: T-cell clones of undetermined significance, LGLT leukemias, and T-cell immunoclones.
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Sorigué M, Juncà J, Marcé S, Cabezón M, García O, Zamora L. The role of T-cell phenotype and T-cell receptor rearrangement in the diagnosis of T-cell malignancies. Leuk Lymphoma 2015; 57:244-6. [PMID: 25956041 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2015.1046865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Sorigué
- a Department of Hematology , ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Badalona , Spain
| | - Jordi Juncà
- b Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Badalona , Spain
| | - Silvia Marcé
- b Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Badalona , Spain
| | - Marta Cabezón
- b Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Badalona , Spain
| | - Olga García
- b Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Badalona , Spain
| | - Lurdes Zamora
- b Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, ICO-Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Badalona , Spain
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Dalal BI, Vakil AP, Khare NS, Wang SY, Richards MJ, Chen LYC. Abnormalities of the lymphocyte subsets and their immunophenotype, and their prognostic significance in adult patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Ann Hematol 2015; 94:1111-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-015-2350-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Canine CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive T cells can develop from CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2014; 162:72-82. [PMID: 25454082 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
For a long time the expression of the CD4 and CD8 receptor on peripheral blood T cells was thought to be mutually exclusive. However, in canine peripheral blood, similar to other species as swine or human for example, mature CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive (dp) T cells exist which simultaneously express both surface receptors and have features of activated T cells. Canine CD4(+)CD8(+)dp T cells are heterogeneous and can be divided into three subpopulations by their intensity of CD4 and CD8α expression: CD4(bright)CD8α(bright), CD4(dim)CD8α(bright) and CD4(dim)CD8α(dim). The number of CD4(+)CD8α(+)dp T cells increases after in vitro stimulation of canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) raising the question of their progenitor(s). Thus, the aim of our study was to characterize the progenitor(s) of canine CD4(+)CD8α(+)dp T cells. By cell tracing experiments we identified both CD4(+) single-positive (sp) and also CD8α(+)sp T cells as progenitors of canine CD4(+)CD8α(+)dp T cells after in vitro stimulation. CD4(+)sp T cells almost exclusively upregulate a CD8αα homodimer, whereas CD8α(+)sp T cells can become CD4(+)CD8αβ(+) or CD4(+)CD8αα(+). Even in the absence of other cells, highly purified CD4(+)sp T cells can become double-positive upon in vitro stimulation, whereas highly purified CD8α(+)sp T cells fail to do so. However, CD8α(+)sp T cells can additionally express CD4 when stimulated in the presence of CD4(-)CD8α(-) double-negative (dn) cells or more efficiently when stimulated in the presence of CD4(+)sp T cells. Soluble factors secreted by CD4(+)sp T cells are sufficient for the upregulation of CD4 on CD8α(+)sp T cells, but direct cell-cell contact between CD4(+)sp and CD8α(+)sp T cells is more efficient. mRNA analysis shows that additional CD4 expression on CD8α(+)sp T cells results from de novo synthesis. Thus, uptake of soluble CD4 or trogocytosis is less likely as mechanism for generation of canine double-positive T cells. CD4(+)CD8α(+)dp T cells are highly activated independent of their origin except when generated in coculture of CD8α(+)sp T cells with CD4(-)CD8α(-)dn cells. Overall, in dog, CD4(+)sp T cells are the more potent progenitors of CD4(+)CD8α(+)dp T cells compared to CD8α(+)sp T cells.
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New insights into monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:258917. [PMID: 25295254 PMCID: PMC4177785 DOI: 10.1155/2014/258917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is a premalignant condition characterized by the presence of less than 5000/μL circulating clonal B cells in otherwise healthy individuals. Three subcategories have been identified according to the immunophenotypic features: CLL-like, CD5(+) atypical, and CD5(−) MBL. CLL-like MBL is by far the most frequent and best studied category and further divided in low-count [LC] and high-count [HC] MBL, based on a cutoff value of 500/μL clonal B cells. LC-MBL typically remains stable and probably does not represent a truly premalignant condition, but rather an age-related immune senescence. On the other hand, HC-MBL is closely related to CLL-Rai0, bearing similar immunogenetic profile, and is associated with an annual risk of progression to CLL requiring therapy at a rate of 1.1%. Currently there are no reproducible factors for evaluating the risk of progression to CLL. CD5(−) MBL is characterized by an immunophenotype consistent with marginal zone origin and displays many similarities with marginal zone lymphomas (MZL), mainly the splenic MZL. The cutoff value of 5000/μL clonal B cells cannot probably be applied in CD5(−) MBL, requiring a new definition to describe those cases.
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Quandt D, Rothe K, Scholz R, Baerwald CW, Wagner U. Peripheral CD4CD8 double positive T cells with a distinct helper cytokine profile are increased in rheumatoid arthritis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93293. [PMID: 24667579 PMCID: PMC3965555 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral CD4CD8 double positive (DP) T cells have been reported to play a role in several autoimmune diseases, virus infections and cancer. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), both CD4 and CD8 single positive (SP) T cells are known to be involved in the pathogenesis, but the role of peripheral CD4CD8 DP T cells has not been investigated in detail. Anti cyclic citrullinated antibodies (ACPA) positive and ACPA negative RA patients, patients with systemic lupus erythematodes (SLE) and age matched healthy donors (HD) were enrolled in the analysis. The frequencies and phenotype of DP T cells in PBMC were investigated. In addition, DP T cells were quantified in biopsies from rheumatoid synovium. After in vitro restimulation, the cytokine production of DP T cells was investigated in cultures of PBMC. CMV specific cytokine secretion as well as proliferation was analyzed following antigen specific restimulation after an appropriate culture duration. DP T cells were found more frequently in RA patients than in healthy controls or patients with SLE. These DP T cells express αβ TCRs, are of a memory phenotype and share features of both CD4 as well as CD8 SP T cells. Importantly, DP T cells were found to also be present in the rheumatoid synovium. Further characterization of DP T cells from RA patients revealed increased production of IL-21 and IL-4, implying a possible role as T helper cells. In addition, DP T cells in RA seem to contribute to the inflammatory process, because they produce significantly more IFNγ than counterparts from HD and are increased in CMV+ RA patients. Given their capacity to produce a variety of cytokines (IL4, IL21 and IFNγ), their association with ACPA positive RA and their presence in the synovium, we suggest an important role of double positive T cells in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Quandt
- Clinics for Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Kathrin Rothe
- Clinics for Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Roger Scholz
- Clinics for Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Christoph W. Baerwald
- Clinics for Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
| | - Ulf Wagner
- Clinics for Gastroenterology and Rheumatology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Saxony, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Ambrosio MR, Rocca BJ, Barone A, Mastrogiulio MG, Costa A, Bellan C, Lazzi S. Primary anorectal Hodgkin lymphoma: report of a case and review of the literature. Hum Pathol 2014; 45:648-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2013.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Revised: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Stalika E, Papalexandri A, Iskas M, Stavroyianni N, Kanellis G, Kotta K, Pontikoglou C, Siorenta A, Anagnostopoulos A, Papadaki H, Papadaki T, Stamatopoulos K. Familial CD3+ T large granular lymphocyte leukemia: evidence that genetic predisposition and antigen selection promote clonal cytotoxic T-cell responses. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:1781-7. [PMID: 24180333 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.861065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
CD3+ T-large granular lymphocyte (T-LGL) proliferations often present with cytopenias and splenomegaly and are linked to autoimmunity, especially rheumatoid arthritis and Felty's syndrome. We report here the intra-family occurrence of T-LGL leukemia in a father and son, both presenting with cytopenias and splenomegaly. Both patients carried the HLA-DRB1*04 allele, strongly associated with rheumatoid arthritis and Felty's syndrome, exhibited distinctive histopathological features suggestive of immune-mediated suppression of hematopoiesis and expressed a remarkably skewed T-cell receptor beta chain gene repertoire with overtime evolution (clonal drift). Immunoinformatics analysis and comparisons with clonotype sequences from various entities revealed (quasi)identities between (i) father and son, and (ii) father or son and patients with autoimmune disorders, T-LGL leukemia or chronic idiopathic neutropenia. Altogether, our results further corroborate antigen selection in the ontogeny of T-LGL leukemia and point to the interplay between genetics and the (micro)environment in shaping the outcome of cytotoxic T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Stalika
- Hematology Department and HCT Unit, G. Papanicolaou Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
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Scarfò L, Fazi C, Ghia P. MBL versus CLL: how important is the distinction? Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2013; 27:251-65. [PMID: 23561472 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2013.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is defined as a clonal B-cell expansion whereby the B-cell count is less than 5 × 10(9)/L and no symptoms or signs of lymphoproliferative disorders are detected. Based on B-cell count, MBL is further divided into low-count and clinical MBL. While low-count MBL seems to carry relevance mostly from an immunological perspective, clinical MBL and chronic lymphocytic leukemia appear to be overlapping entities. Only a deeper knowledge of molecular pathways and microenvironmental influences involved in disease evolution will help to solve the main clinical issue, i.e. how to differentiate nonprogressive and progressive cases requiring intensive follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Scarfò
- Laboratory of B Cell Neoplasia, Division of Molecular Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano 20132, Italy
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Karube K, Scarfò L, Campo E, Ghia P. Monoclonal B cell lymphocytosis and "in situ" lymphoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2013; 24:3-14. [PMID: 23999128 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The finding of monoclonal B-cell populations not fulfilling criteria for a lymphoid malignancy has given great impulse to study mechanisms involved in lymphomagenesis and factors responsible for the transition from B-cell precursor states to overt lymphoproliferative disorders. Monoclonal B cell expansions were initially recognized in peripheral blood of otherwise healthy subjects (thus defined monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis, MBL) and in most cases share the immunophenotypic profile of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The clinical relevance of this phenomenon is different according to B-cell count: high-count MBL is considered a preneoplastic condition and progresses to CLL requiring treatment at a rate of 1-2% per year, while low-count MBL, though persisting over time, has not shown a clinical correlation with frank leukemia so far. MBL other than CLL-like represent a minority of cases and are ill-defined entities for which clinical and biological information is still scanty. In situ follicular lymphoma (FL) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) are characterized by the localization of atypical lymphoid cells, carrying t(14;18)(q32;q21) or t(11;14)(q13;q32), only in the germinal centers and mantle zones respectively, where their normal counterparts are localized. The localization of these cells indicates that germinal centers or mantle zones provide appropriate microenvironments for cells carrying these oncogenic alterations to survive or proliferate. The progression of these lesions to overt lymphomas occurs rarely and may require the accumulation of additional genetic events. Individuals with these lymphoid proliferations should be managed with caution.
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MESH Headings
- B-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Cell Lineage
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/blood
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Lymphocytosis/blood
- Lymphocytosis/genetics
- Lymphocytosis/pathology
- Lymphoma, Follicular/blood
- Lymphoma, Follicular/genetics
- Lymphoma, Follicular/pathology
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/blood
- Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell/pathology
- Translocation, Genetic
- Tumor Microenvironment/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennosuke Karube
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lydia Scarfò
- Laboratory of B-cell Neoplasia, Division of Molecular Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano, Italy; Clinical Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, Department of Onco-Hematology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Elias Campo
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Paolo Ghia
- Laboratory of B-cell Neoplasia, Division of Molecular Oncology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano, Italy; Clinical Unit of Lymphoid Malignancies, Department of Onco-Hematology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milano, Italy
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Ribera J, Zamora L, Juncà J, Rodríguez I, Marcé S, Cabezón M, Millá F. Usefulness of IGH/TCR PCR studies in lymphoproliferative disorders with inconclusive clonality by flow cytometry. CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2013; 86:25-31. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.21118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Ribera
- IJC-Institut de Recerca Contra la Leucèmia Josep Carreras; Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona
| | - Lurdes Zamora
- IJC-ICO Badalona; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona
| | - Jordi Juncà
- IJC-ICO Badalona; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona
| | - Inés Rodríguez
- IJC-ICO Badalona; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona
| | - Silvia Marcé
- IJC-ICO Badalona; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona
| | - Marta Cabezón
- IJC-ICO Badalona; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona
| | - Fuensanta Millá
- IJC-ICO Badalona; Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol; Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona
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