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Haque TT, Weissler KA, Schmiechen Z, Laky K, Schwartz DM, Li J, Locci M, Turfkruyer M, Yao C, Schaughency P, Leak L, Lack J, Kanno Y, O'Shea J, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA. TGFβ prevents IgE-mediated allergic disease by restraining T follicular helper 2 differentiation. Sci Immunol 2024; 9:eadg8691. [PMID: 38241399 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adg8691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are common, affecting more than 20% of the population. Genetic variants in the TGFβ pathway are strongly associated with atopy. To interrogate the mechanisms underlying this association, we examined patients and mice with Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) who harbor missense mutations in the kinase domain of TGFΒR1/2. We demonstrate that LDS mutations lead to reduced TGFβ signaling and elevated total and allergen-specific IgE, despite the presence of wild-type T regulatory cells in a chimera model. Germinal center activity was enhanced in LDS and characterized by a selective increase in type 2 follicular helper T cells (TFH2). Expression of Pik3cg was increased in LDS TFH cells and associated with reduced levels of the transcriptional repressor SnoN. PI3Kγ/mTOR signaling in LDS naïve CD4+ T cells was elevated after T cell receptor cross-linking, and pharmacologic inhibition of PI3Kγ or mTOR prevented exaggerated TFH2 and antigen-specific IgE responses after oral antigen exposure in an adoptive transfer model. Naïve CD4+ T cells from nonsyndromic allergic individuals also displayed decreased TGFβ signaling, suggesting that our mechanistic discoveries may be broadly relevant to allergic patients in general. Thus, TGFβ plays a conserved, T cell-intrinsic, and nonredundant role in restraining TFH2 development via the PI3Kγ/mTOR pathway and thereby protects against allergic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara T Haque
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Katherine A Weissler
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zoe Schmiechen
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Karen Laky
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniella M Schwartz
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jenny Li
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michela Locci
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mathilde Turfkruyer
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chen Yao
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Nuclear Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Paul Schaughency
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lashawna Leak
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Justin Lack
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Yuka Kanno
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Nuclear Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John O'Shea
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Nuclear Biology, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Pamela A Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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2
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Yang Z, Mitländer H, Vuorinen T, Finotto S. Mechanism of Rhinovirus Immunity and Asthma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:731846. [PMID: 34691038 PMCID: PMC8526928 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.731846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The majority of asthma exacerbations in children are caused by Rhinovirus (RV), a positive sense single stranded RNA virus of the Picornavirus family. The host has developed virus defense mechanisms that are mediated by the upregulation of interferon-activated signaling. However, the virus evades the immune system by inducing immunosuppressive cytokines and surface molecules like programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) on immunocompetent cells. Initially, RV infects epithelial cells, which constitute a physiologic mucosal barrier. Upon virus entrance, the host cell immediately recognizes viral components like dsRNA, ssRNA, viral glycoproteins or CpG-DNA by host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Activation of toll like receptors (TLR) 3, 7 and 8 within the endosome and through MDA-5 and RIG-I in the cytosol leads to the production of interferon (IFN) type I and other antiviral agents. Every cell type expresses IFNAR1/IFNAR2 receptors thus allowing a generalized antiviral activity of IFN type I resulting in the inhibition of viral replication in infected cells and preventing viral spread to non-infected cells. Among immune evasion mechanisms of the virus, there is downregulation of IFN type I and its receptor as well as induction of the immunosuppressive cytokine TGF-β. TGF-β promotes viral replication and is associated with induction of the immunosuppression signature markers LAP3, IDO and PD-L1. This article reviews the recent advances on the regulation of interferon type I expression in association with RV infection in asthmatics and the immunosuppression induced by the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuqin Yang
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hannah Mitländer
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tytti Vuorinen
- Medical Microbiology, Turku University Hospital, Institut of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Susetta Finotto
- Department of Molecular Pneumology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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3
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Loxham M, Davies DE. Phenotypic and genetic aspects of epithelial barrier function in asthmatic patients. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 139:1736-1751. [PMID: 28583446 PMCID: PMC5457128 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The bronchial epithelium is continuously exposed to a multitude of noxious challenges in inhaled air. Cellular contact with most damaging agents is reduced by the action of the mucociliary apparatus and by formation of a physical barrier that controls passage of ions and macromolecules. In conjunction with these defensive barrier functions, immunomodulatory cross-talk between the bronchial epithelium and tissue-resident immune cells controls the tissue microenvironment and barrier homeostasis. This is achieved by expression of an array of sensors that detect a wide variety of viral, bacterial, and nonmicrobial (toxins and irritants) agents, resulting in production of many different soluble and cell-surface molecules that signal to cells of the immune system. The ability of the bronchial epithelium to control the balance of inhibitory and activating signals is essential for orchestrating appropriate inflammatory and immune responses and for temporally modulating these responses to limit tissue injury and control the resolution of inflammation during tissue repair. In asthmatic patients abnormalities in many aspects of epithelial barrier function have been identified. We postulate that such abnormalities play a causal role in immune dysregulation in the airways by translating gene-environment interactions that underpin disease pathogenesis and exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Loxham
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences and the Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Donna E Davies
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences and the Southampton NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, Sir Henry Wellcome Laboratories, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom.
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4
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Ndaw VS, Abebayehu D, Spence AJ, Paez PA, Kolawole EM, Taruselli MT, Caslin HL, Chumanevich AP, Paranjape A, Baker B, Barnstein BO, Haque TT, Kiwanuka KN, Oskeritzian CA, Ryan JJ. TGF-β1 Suppresses IL-33-Induced Mast Cell Function. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017. [PMID: 28637902 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
TGF-β1 is involved in many pathological conditions, including autoimmune disorders, cancer, and cardiovascular and allergic diseases. We have previously found that TGF-β1 can suppress IgE-mediated mast cell activation of human and mouse mast cells. IL-33 is a member of the IL-1 family capable of inducing mast cell responses and enhancing IgE-mediated activation. In this study, we investigated the effects of TGF-β on IL-33-mediated mast cell activation. Bone marrow-derived mast cells cultured in TGF-β1, β2, or β3 showed reduced IL-33-mediated production of TNF, IL-6, IL-13, and MCP-1 in a concentration-dependent manner. TGF-β1 inhibited IL-33-mediated Akt and ERK phosphorylation as well as NF-κB- and AP-1-mediated transcription. These effects were functionally important, as TGF-β1 injection suppressed IL-33-induced systemic cytokines in vivo and inhibited IL-33-mediated cytokine release from human mast cells. TGF-β1 also suppressed the combined effects of IL-33 and IgE-mediated activation on mouse and human mast cells. The role of IL-33 in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases is incompletely understood. These findings, consistent with our previously reported effects of TGF-β1 on IgE-mediated activation, demonstrate that TGF-β1 can provide broad inhibitory signals to activated mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor S Ndaw
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Daniel Abebayehu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284; and
| | - Andrew J Spence
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Patrick A Paez
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | | | | | - Heather L Caslin
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Alena P Chumanevich
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - Anuya Paranjape
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Bianca Baker
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Brian O Barnstein
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | - Tamara T Haque
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284
| | | | - Carole A Oskeritzian
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC 29208
| | - John J Ryan
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284;
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5
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Martin Alonso A, Saglani S. Mechanisms Mediating Pediatric Severe Asthma and Potential Novel Therapies. Front Pediatr 2017; 5:154. [PMID: 28725641 PMCID: PMC5497140 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2017.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although a rare disease, severe therapy-resistant asthma in children is a cause of significant morbidity and results in utilization of approximately 50% of health-care resources for asthma. Improving control for children with severe asthma is, therefore, an urgent unmet clinical need. As a group, children with severe asthma have severe and multiple allergies, steroid resistant airway eosinophilia, and significant structural changes of the airway wall (airway remodeling). Omalizumab is currently the only add-on therapy that is licensed for use in children with severe asthma. However, limitations of its use include ineligibility for approximately one-third of patients because of serum IgE levels outside the recommended range and lack of clinical efficacy in a further one-third. Pediatric severe asthma is thus markedly heterogeneous, but our current understanding of the different mechanisms underpinning various phenotypes is very limited. We know that there are distinctions between the factors that drive pediatric and adult disease since pediatric disease develops in the context of a maturing immune system and during lung growth and development. This review summarizes the current data that give insight into the pathophysiology of pediatric severe asthma and will highlight potential targets for novel therapies. It is apparent that in order to identify novel treatments for pediatric severe asthma, the challenge of undertaking mechanistic studies using age appropriate experimental models and airway samples from children needs to be accepted to allow a targeted approach of personalized medicine to be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aldara Martin Alonso
- Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sejal Saglani
- Inflammation, Repair and Development Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Respiratory Pediatrics, The Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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6
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Transforming growth factor-β receptor 2 gene polymorphisms are associated with end-stage renal disease. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2015; 34:93-7. [PMID: 26484028 PMCID: PMC4570595 DOI: 10.1016/j.krcp.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in immune disorders, cancer, asthma, lung fibrosis, and chronic kidney disease, and its signal pathways are considered crucial mediators of a variety of cellular processes. In addition, several recent studies have reported that TGF-β receptor (TGF-βR) gene polymorphism is associated with chronic kidney disease. However, the association between end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the TGF-β gene polymorphism has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we hypothesized that polymorphisms of the TGF-β ligands or their receptors may be related to ESRD. Methods We assessed the relationship between four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TGF-βR2 and TGF-β2 genes and ESRD, in 312 patients with ESRD and 258 controls. Results Compared with the control participants, the frequencies of the TGF-βR2 (rs764522⁎C) and TGF-βR2 (rs3087465⁎G) alleles were significantly higher in the patients with ESRD. Genotyping analysis demonstrated that two SNPs in TGF-βR2 of the four SNPs included in the study were significantly associated with ESRD in the codominant 1 [rs764522, odds ratio (OR)=1.65; rs3087465, OR=1.63], dominant (rs764522, OR=1.63; rs3087465, OR=1.57), and log-additive (rs764522, OR=1.54; rs3087465, OR=1.39) models after adjusting for age and sex. Conclusion We suggest that TGF-βR2 polymorphisms (rs764522 and rs3087465) increase the risk of development of ESRD.
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7
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Bermudez-Brito M, Muñoz-Quezada S, Gómez-Llorente C, Matencio E, Romero F, Gil A. Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-4034 and its culture supernatant modulate Salmonella-induced inflammation in a novel transwell co-culture of human intestinal-like dendritic and Caco-2 cells. BMC Microbiol 2015; 15:79. [PMID: 25887178 PMCID: PMC5353866 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-015-0408-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The action of probiotics has been studied in vitro in cells isolated from both mice and humans, particularly enterocytes (IECs), dendritic cells (DCs) and co-cultures of peripheral DCs and IECs. Peripheral DCs and murine DCs differ from human gut DCs, and to date there are no data on the action of any probiotic on co-cultured human IECs and human intestinal DCs. To address this issue, a novel transwell model was used. Human IECs (Caco-2 cells) grown in the upper chamber of transwell filters were co-cultured with intestinal-like human DCs grown in the basolateral compartment of the transwells. The system was apically exposed for 4 h to live probiotic L. paracasei CNCM I-4034 obtained from the faeces of breastfed infants or to its cell-free culture supernatant (CFS) and challenged with Salmonella typhi. The secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the basolateral compartment was determined by immunoassay, and the DC expression pattern of 20 TLR signaling pathway genes was analysed by PCR array. Results The presence of the live probiotic alone significantly increased IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TGF-β2, RANTES and IP-10 levels and decreased IL-12p40, IL-10, TGF- β1 and MIP-1α levels. This release was correlated with a significant increase in the expression of almost all TLR signaling genes. By contrast, incubation of the co-culture with CFS increased IL-1β, IL-6, TGF-β2 and IP-10 production only when Salmonella was present. This induction was correlated with an overall decrease in the expression of all TLR genes except TLR9, which was strongly up-regulated. Conclusions The data presented here clearly indicate that L. paracasei CNCM I-4034 significantly increases the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, enhances TLR signaling pathway activation and stimulates rather than suppresses the innate immune system. Furthermore, our findings provide evidence that the effects of probiotics in the presence of IECs and DCs differ from the effects of probiotics on cultures of each cell type alone, as reported by us earlier. Thus, co-culture systems such as the one described here are needed to characterise the effects of probiotics in vitro, highlighting the potential utility of such co-cultures as a model system. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12866-015-0408-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Bermudez-Brito
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Center, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Sergio Muñoz-Quezada
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Center, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Carolina Gómez-Llorente
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Center, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Esther Matencio
- Hero Global Technology Center, Hero Spain, S.A., 30820, Alcantarilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Fernando Romero
- Hero Global Technology Center, Hero Spain, S.A., 30820, Alcantarilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Angel Gil
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix", Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, University of Granada, Biomedical Research Center, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
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8
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Cheng RYS, Shang Y, Limjunyawong N, Dao T, Das S, Rabold R, Sham JSK, Mitzner W, Tang WY. Alterations of the lung methylome in allergic airway hyper-responsiveness. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2014; 55:244-255. [PMID: 24446183 PMCID: PMC4125208 DOI: 10.1002/em.21851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Revised: 11/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic airway disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, affecting 300 million people around the world (available at: www.who.int). To date, genetic factors associated with asthma susceptibility have been unable to explain the full etiology of asthma. Recent studies have demonstrated that the epigenetic disruption of gene expression plays an equally important role in the development of asthma through interaction with our environment. We sensitized 6-week-old C57BL/6J mice with house-dust-mite (HDM) extracts intraperitoneally followed by 5 weeks of exposure to HDM challenges (three times a week) intratracheally. HDM-exposed mice showed an increase in airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) and inflammation together with structural remodeling of the airways. We applied methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-next generation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) for profiling of DNA methylation changes in the lungs in response to HDM. We observed about 20 million reads by a single-run of massive parallel sequencing. We performed bioinformatics and pathway analysis on the raw sequencing data to identify differentially methylated candidate genes in HDM-exposed mice. Specifically, we have revealed that the transforming growth factor beta signaling pathway is epigenetically modulated by chronic exposure to HDM. Here, we demonstrated that a specific allergen may play a role in AHR through an epigenetic mechanism by disrupting the expression of genes in lungs that might be involved in airway inflammation and remodeling. Our findings provide new insights into the potential mechanisms by which environmental allergens induce allergic asthma and such insights may assist in the development of novel preventive and therapeutic options for this debilitative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert YS Cheng
- Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States
| | - Yan Shang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Nathachit Limjunyawong
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Tyna Dao
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Sandhya Das
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Richard Rabold
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - James SK Sham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Wayne Mitzner
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Wan-Yee Tang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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9
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Felgentreff K, Siepe M, Kotthoff S, von Kodolitsch Y, Schachtrup K, Notarangelo LD, Walter JE, Ehl S. Severe eczema and Hyper-IgE in Loeys-Dietz-syndrome - contribution to new findings of immune dysregulation in connective tissue disorders. Clin Immunol 2013; 150:43-50. [PMID: 24333532 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Loeys-Dietz syndrome (LDS) is a connective tissue disorder caused by monoallelic mutations in TGFBR1 and TGFBR2, which encode for subunits of the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) receptor. Affected patients are identified by vascular aneurysms with tortuosity and distinct morphological presentations similar to Marfan syndrome; however, an additional predisposition towards asthma and allergy has recently been found. We describe two patients with a novel missense mutation in TGFBR1 presenting with highly elevated levels of IgE and severe eczema similar to autosomal-dominant Hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES). Mild allergic manifestations with normal up to moderately increased IgE were observed in 3 out of 6 additional LDS patients. A comparison of this cohort with 4 HIES patients illustrates the significant overlap of both syndromes including eczema and elevated IgE as well as skeletal and connective tissue manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Felgentreff
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Matthias Siepe
- University Heart Center Freiburg Bad Krozingen, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Kotthoff
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Kristina Schachtrup
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Luigi D Notarangelo
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jolan E Walter
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephan Ehl
- Center of Chronic Immunodeficiency, University Hospital Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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10
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Tillie-Leblond I, Deschildre A, Gosset P, de Blic J. Difficult childhood asthma: management and future. Clin Chest Med 2013; 33:485-503. [PMID: 22929097 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccm.2012.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosis and management of severe asthma implies the definition of different entities, that is, difficult asthma and refractory severe asthma, but also the different phenotypes included in the term refractory severe asthma. A complete evaluation by a physician expert in asthma is necessary, adapted for each child. Identification of mechanisms involved in different phenotypes in refractory severe asthma may improve the therapeutic approach. The quality of care and monitoring of children with severe asthma is as important as the prescription drug, and is also crucial for differentiating between severe asthma and difficult asthma, whereby expertise is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Tillie-Leblond
- Pulmonary Department, University Hospital, Medical University of Lille, Hôpital Calmette, 1 Boulevard Leclercq, Lille Cedex 59037, France.
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11
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Bedke N, Sammut D, Green B, Kehagia V, Dennison P, Jenkins G, Tatler A, Howarth PH, Holgate ST, Davies DE. Transforming growth factor-beta promotes rhinovirus replication in bronchial epithelial cells by suppressing the innate immune response. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44580. [PMID: 22970254 PMCID: PMC3435262 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhinovirus (RV) infection is a major cause of asthma exacerbations which may be due to a deficient innate immune response in the bronchial epithelium. We hypothesized that the pleiotropic cytokine, TGF-β, influences interferon (IFN) production by primary bronchial epithelial cells (PBECs) following RV infection. Exogenous TGF-β2 increased RV replication and decreased IFN protein secretion in response to RV or double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Conversely, neutralizing TGF-β antibodies decreased RV replication and increased IFN expression in response to RV or dsRNA. Endogenous TGF-β2 levels were higher in conditioned media of PBECs from asthmatic donors and the suppressive effect of anti-TGF-β on RV replication was significantly greater in these cells. Basal SMAD-2 activation was reduced when asthmatic PBECs were treated with anti-TGF-β and this was accompanied by suppression of SOCS-1 and SOCS-3 expression. Our results suggest that endogenous TGF-β contributes to a suppressed IFN response to RV infection possibly via SOCS-1 and SOCS-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Bedke
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - David Sammut
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Green
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Valia Kehagia
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Dennison
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Gisli Jenkins
- University of Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Tatler
- University of Nottingham, Clinical Sciences Building, Nottingham City Hospital, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Peter H. Howarth
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen T. Holgate
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Donna E. Davies
- Academic Unit of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research, Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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12
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Budd DC, Holmes AM. Targeting TGFβ superfamily ligand accessory proteins as novel therapeutics for chronic lung disorders. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 135:279-91. [PMID: 22722064 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway has been implicated to underlie a number of disease indications including chronic lung disorders such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial pneumonias, and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Consequently, the pharmaceutical industry has devoted significant resources in the pursuit of TGFβ pathway inhibitors that target the cognate type I and II receptors and respective ligands. The progress of these approaches has been painfully slow, due in part to dose-limiting safety issues that result from the antagonism of a pathway that is responsible for regulating many fundamental biological processes including immune surveillance and cardiovascular responses. These disappointments have led many in the field to conclude that modulating the TGFβ pathway for chronic indications with a sufficient safety window using conventional approaches may be extremely difficult to achieve. Here we review the rationale and limitations of the use of TGFβ pathway inhibitors in chronic lung disorders and the possibility of targeting TGFβ superfamily ligand accessory proteins to allow rheostatic regulation of signaling to achieve efficacy while maintaining a sufficient therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Budd
- Respiratory Drug Discovery, Inflammation, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., Nutley, NJ, USA.
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13
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Maheshwari A, Kelly DR, Nicola T, Ambalavanan N, Jain SK, Murphy-Ullrich J, Athar M, Shimamura M, Bhandari V, Aprahamian C, Dimmitt RA, Serra R, Ohls RK. TGF-β2 suppresses macrophage cytokine production and mucosal inflammatory responses in the developing intestine. Gastroenterology 2011; 140:242-53. [PMID: 20875417 PMCID: PMC3008335 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Revised: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Premature neonates are predisposed to necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), an idiopathic, inflammatory bowel necrosis. We investigated whether NEC occurs in the preterm intestine due to incomplete noninflammatory differentiation of intestinal macrophages, which increases the risk of a severe mucosal inflammatory response to bacterial products. METHODS We compared inflammatory properties of human/murine fetal, neonatal, and adult intestinal macrophages. To investigate gut-specific macrophage differentiation, we next treated monocyte-derived macrophages with conditioned media from explanted human fetal and adult intestinal tissues. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) expression and bioactivity were measured in fetal/adult intestine and in NEC. Finally, we used wild-type and transgenic mice to investigate the effects of deficient TGF-β signaling on NEC-like inflammatory mucosal injury. RESULTS Intestinal macrophages in the human preterm intestine (fetus/premature neonate), but not in full-term neonates and adults, expressed inflammatory cytokines. Macrophage cytokine production was suppressed in the developing intestine by TGF-β, particularly the TGF-β(2) isoform. NEC was associated with decreased tissue expression of TGF-β(2) and decreased TGF-β bioactivity. In mice, disruption of TGF-β signaling worsened NEC-like inflammatory mucosal injury, whereas enteral supplementation with recombinant TGF-β(2) was protective. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal macrophages progressively acquire a noninflammatory profile during gestational development. TGF-β, particularly the TGF-β(2) isoform, suppresses macrophage inflammatory responses in the developing intestine and protects against inflammatory mucosal injury. Enterally administered TGF-β(2) protected mice from experimental NEC-like injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil Maheshwari
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
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14
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Zhang Y, Zhang J, Huang J, Li X, He C, Tian C, Peng C, Guo L, Xiao Y, Fan H. Polymorphisms in the transforming growth factor-beta1 gene and the risk of asthma: A meta-analysis. Respirology 2010; 15:643-50. [PMID: 20409029 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01748.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Polymorphisms in the transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) gene have been implicated in susceptibility to asthma, but a large number of studies have reported inconclusive results. A meta-analysis was performed to investigate the association between polymorphisms in the TGF-beta1 gene and asthma susceptibility. METHODS Searches were performed of Medline (Ovid), PubMed, the Chinese Biological Medicine Database (CBM), the Chinese Journals Full-text Database (CNKI), the Cochrane Library Database and the Web of Science, covering all papers published up to 30 April 2009. Statistical analysis was performed using Revman4.2.8 and STATA10.0 software. RESULTS Two polymorphisms (-509C/T and 915G/C(G25C)) were investigated in 14 studies, involving 2979 asthma patients and 4941 control subjects. The results showed that individuals carrying the -509T allele (TT+TC) had a 36% increased risk of asthma, when compared with homozygotes (-509CC) (OR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.12-1.65). However, there was no significant association with risk of asthma in carriers of the 915C allele (GC+CC) compared with 915GG homozygotes (OR 1.05, 95% CI: 0.65-1.70). In a subgroup analysis by ethnicity, the risk of asthma associated with the -509T allele was significantly elevated among Asians (OR 1.50, 95% CI: 1.04-2.17) but not Caucasians (OR 1.16, 95% CI: 1.00-1.36). In a subgroup analysis by age, the -509T allele was associated with a significantly elevated risk of asthma among adults (OR 1.45, 95% CI: 1.09-1.92) but not children (OR 1.19, 95% CI: 0.96-1.46). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggested that the -509C/T polymorphism in the TGF-beta1 gene may be a risk factor for asthma. To further evaluate gene-gene and gene-environment interactions between polymorphisms in the TGF-beta1 gene and asthma susceptibility, more studies involving thousands of patients are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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15
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Finkelman FD, Hogan SP, Hershey GKK, Rothenberg ME, Wills-Karp M. Importance of cytokines in murine allergic airway disease and human asthma. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2010; 184:1663-74. [PMID: 20130218 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0902185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a common, disabling inflammatory respiratory disease that has increased in frequency and severity in developed nations. We review studies of murine allergic airway disease (MAAD) and human asthma that evaluate the importance of Th2 cytokines, Th2 response-promoting cytokines, IL-17, and proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in MAAD and human asthma. We discuss murine studies that directly stimulate airways with specific cytokines or delete, inactivate, neutralize, or block specific cytokines or their receptors, as well as controversial issues including the roles of IL-5, IL-17, and IL-13Ralpha2 in MAAD and IL-4Ralpha expression by specific cell types. Studies of human asthmatic cytokine gene and protein expression, linkage of cytokine polymorphisms to asthma, cytokine responses to allergen stimulation, and clinical responses to cytokine antagonists are discussed as well. Results of these analyses establish the importance of specific cytokines in MAAD and human asthma and have therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fred D Finkelman
- Department of Medicine, Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA.
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16
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Wu J, Fu S, Ren X, Jin Y, Huang X, Zhang X, Bai J, Fu S. Association of MIF promoter polymorphisms with childhood asthma in a northeastern Chinese population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 73:302-6. [PMID: 19317738 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2008.01206.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in pathogenesis of asthma. A high level of MIF has been detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, serum and sputum in asthma. Polymorphisms associated with inflammatory diseases exist in the promoter region of MIF, which alter its expression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential relationship between functional polymorphisms of MIF and childhood asthma in a northeastern Chinese population. The study consisted of a set of 41 trios and an independent sample set of 189 childhood asthma patients and 261 healthy controls. We genotyped MIF-173G/C using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Additionally, MIF-794CATT(5-8) microsatellite polymorphism was genotyped by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). A statistically significant difference in the distribution of the MIF-173C allele between patients and controls [P = 0.01, odds ratio (OR) = 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13-2.18] was observed. In addition, the frequency of the MIF-173CC genotype was higher in asthmatic children (P < 0.01, OR = 3.37, 95% CI = 1.27-8.93). No difference in the distribution of CATT(5-8) was found between patients and healthy controls. Haplotype analysis showed that only the MIFCATT(7)-173C haplotype was associated with greater susceptibility to childhood asthma (P = 0.03, OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.03-2.28). However, the transmission disequilibrium test confirmed a positive association between MIF-173G/C and childhood asthma (P = 0.005), and the absence of an association between the MIF-794CATT(5-8) and the disease. These preliminary results suggest an association between the MIF-173C allele and childhood asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Suenaga F, Hatsushika K, Takano S, Ando T, Ohnuma Y, Ogawa H, Nakao A. A possible link between resveratrol and TGF-β: Resveratrol induction of TGF-β expression and signaling. FEBS Lett 2008; 582:586-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2008.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2007] [Revised: 01/08/2008] [Accepted: 01/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Genetic polymorphism regulating ORM1-like 3 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) expression is associated with childhood atopic asthma in a Japanese population. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 121:769-70. [PMID: 18155279 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2007] [Revised: 09/20/2007] [Accepted: 09/25/2007] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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