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Di Minno MND, Napolitano M, Giuffrida AC, Baldacci E, Carulli C, Boccalandro E, Bruno C, Forneris E, Ricca I, Passeri W, Martinelli M, Rivolta GF, Solimeno LP, Martinoli C, Rocino A, Pasta G. Diagnosis and treatment of chronic synovitis in patients with haemophilia: consensus statements from the Italian Association of Haemophilia Centres. Br J Haematol 2021; 196:871-883. [PMID: 34923621 PMCID: PMC9299781 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Although synovitis is recognized as a marker of joint disease activity, its periodic assessment is not included in routine clinical surveillance of patients with haemophilia (PwH). In order to evaluate the current knowledge and to identify controversial issues, a preliminary literature search by the Musculoskeletal Committee of the Italian Association of Haemophilia Centres (AICE) has been conducted. Statements have been established and sent to the Italian AICE members to collect their level of agreement or disagreement by a Delphi process. Thirty‐seven consensus recommendations have been drafted. We found a general agreement on the indication to consider the presence of synovitis as a marker of joint disease activity in PwH. Accordingly, there was agreement on the indication to search for synovitis both in patients reporting joint pain and in asymptomatic ones, recognizing ultrasound as the most practical imaging technique to perform periodic joint screening. Interestingly, after detection of synovitis, there was agreement on the indication to modify the therapeutic approach, suggesting prophylaxis in patients treated on demand and tailoring treatment in patients already under prophylaxis. Whereas the need of an early consultation with a physiotherapist is recommended for PwH affected by chronic synovitis, the exact timing for an orthopaedic surgeon consultation is currently unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariasanta Napolitano
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Erminia Baldacci
- Hematology, University Hospital Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Christian Carulli
- Department of Health Sciences, Orthopaedic Clinic, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Elena Boccalandro
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Center, IRCCS Cà Granda Foundation, Maggiore Hospital Policlinic, Milan, Italy
| | - Clarissa Bruno
- Haemophilia Center and Thrombosis, Policlinico, Bari, Italy
| | - Eleonora Forneris
- Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Irene Ricca
- Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Walter Passeri
- Rehabilitation Service, "Domus Salutis" Casa di Cura, "Teresa Camplani" Foundation, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Martinelli
- Rehabilitation Service, "Domus Salutis" Casa di Cura, "Teresa Camplani" Foundation, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gianna Franca Rivolta
- Regional Reference Centre for Inherited Bleeding Disorders, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Luigi Piero Solimeno
- Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Haemophilia and Thrombosis Center, IRCCS Cà Granda Foundation, Maggiore Hospital Policlinic, Traumatology and Orthopaedic Unit, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Martinoli
- Department of Health Science (DISSAL), University of Genoa, Unit of Radiology and IRCCS San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Angiola Rocino
- Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Haematology, Ospedale del Mare, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Naples, Italy
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Oliveira S, Thomas S, Dos Santos CLG, Berdeguez MBT, de Sa LV, de Souza SAL. Outpatient treatment for haemophilic arthropathy with radiosynovectomy: Radiation dose to family members. Haemophilia 2019; 25:509-513. [PMID: 30866133 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
One of the key features of good practice in medicine is the doctor-patient communication. Radiation protection standards for radiosynovectomy (RS) is limited. Yttrium-90 is a beta-emitting radioisotope used in RS to treat joint pain from haemophilic arthritis. ICRP 94 states that if a patient is treated with up to 200 MBq, there is no need for further precautions when it comes to public exposure, however, activities can go up to 370 MBq in RS for the knee. This study analysed 119 family members' safety (16.7% pregnant women). The ambient dose equivalent rate was measured within four distances. A survey was carried analysing risk groups and time spent next to patients. Results showed that family members should be advised to remain at 1.0 m from the patient to decrease accumulated dose by 97.6%. The dose per activity factors estimated in this study is also a useful tool during the risk assessment and doctor/patient communication. Pamphlets were distributed with radiation protection recommendations. Ambient dose equivalent was low enough to show that RS is a safe procedure for family members, which is essential to promote adherence to RS in countries where it is needed but not performed due to lack of information on radiation safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susie Oliveira
- Radiology Departament, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sylvia Thomas
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Clara Lorena Glória Dos Santos
- Nuclear Medicine Department, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mirta Barbara Torres Berdeguez
- Nuclear Engineering Department, Alberto Luiz Coimbra Institute of Post Graduation and Engineering Research, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lidia Vasconcellos de Sa
- Medical Physics Department, Radiation Protection and Dosimetry Institute, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sergio Augusto Lopes de Souza
- Radiology Departament, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Tobase P, Lane H, Siddiqi AEA, Soucie JM, Ingram-Rich R, Ward S, Gill JC. Risk factors associated with invasive orthopaedic interventions in males with haemophilia enrolled in the Universal Data Collection program from 2000 to 2010. Haemophilia 2018; 24:964-970. [PMID: 29957840 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Invasive orthopaedic interventions (IOI) are often used to control recurrent haemarthrosis, pain and loss of joint function, in males with haemophilia (Factor VIII and Factor IX deficiency). AIM Identify risk factors associated with IOIs in males with haemophilia enrolled in the Universal Data Collection (UDC) surveillance program from 2000 until 2010. METHODS Data were collected on IOIs performed on patients receiving care in 130 haemophilia treatment centers in the United States annually by health care providers using standardized forms. IOIs included in this study are as follows: 1) synovectomy and 2) arthrodesis or arthroplasty (A/A). Information about potential risk factors was obtained from the preceding UDC visit if available, or from the same visit if not. Patients with no reported IOI at any of their UDC visits were the reference group for the analysis. Multivariate analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors for synovectomies and arthrodesis/arthroplasty. RESULTS Risk factors significantly associated with the two IOI categories were age, student status, haemophilia severity, number of joint bleeds within the last 6 months, HIV or hepatitis C (HCV) status. Multivariate analyses showed patients on continuous prophylaxis were 50% less likely to have had a synovectomy and were 40% less likely to have an A/A. CONCLUSIONS This study shows modifiable risk factors, including management of bleeding episodes with a continuous prophylactic treatment schedule are associated with a decreased likelihood of IOIs in males with haemophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Tobase
- Hemophilia Treatment Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - H Lane
- Intermountain Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center Primary Children's Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - A-E-A Siddiqi
- Division of Blood Disorders, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J M Soucie
- Division of Blood Disorders, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - S Ward
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Utah College of Health, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - J C Gill
- Medical College of Wisconsin and Comprehensive Center for Bleeding Disorders, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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Suh HC, Kim DK, Kang SH, Seo KM, Kim HS, Lee JY, Lee SY, Yoo KY. Clinical and Radiological Evaluation After Chemical Synovectomy With Rifampicin in Hemophilic Arthropathy: Korean Experience With a 2-Week Interval Protocol. Ann Rehabil Med 2018; 42:449-456. [PMID: 29961743 PMCID: PMC6058588 DOI: 10.5535/arm.2018.42.3.449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess the clinical outcome of chemical synovectomy with rifampicin in hemophilic arthropathy by using the World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) scoring system and plain radiograph. Methods We performed rifampicin synovectomy (RS) on 30 joints of 28 hemophilic patients diagnosed as hemophilic arthropathy stage I–III (based on Fernandez-Palazzi clinical classification). Clinical status (bleeding frequency, pain, joint physical status) and radiological staging were evaluated as parts of the WFH scoring system before and 1 year after RS. The patients were divided into two groups by the Arnold-Hilgartner scale of the initial X-ray as stage 3 or less for the low-stage group (n=17) and over 3 for the high-stage group (n=13). Results Total WFH joint physical scores were reduced after injection, and the number of bleeding episodes and pain showed especially significant improvement. For other subscores of the WFH joint physical score, only swelling, range of motion, and crepitus showed statistically significant improvement. According to the severity of the radiologic finding, the WFH joint physical score of both the low-stage and high-stage groups showed significant improvement. In the radiological aspect, the low-stage group, without joint space narrowing at the initial plain radiograph, showed no further aggravation after injection. However, in the high-stage group, radiology found aggravation regardless of the procedure. Conclusion It is suggested that chemical synovectomy with rifampicin may prevent hemarthrosis and improve clinical symptoms. Especially in the early stage of arthropathy without joint-space narrowing, it seems to have an additional benefit that delays radiological aggravation and preserves joint status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoon Chang Suh
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Don-Kyu Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Si Hyun Kang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Mook Seo
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Sang Kim
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young Lee
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Chung-Ang University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Yoon Lee
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Ali T, Abou Fakher FH, Schved JF. Chemical vs. radioactive synoviorthesis for treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis: Syrian experience. Haemophilia 2017; 22:e573-e575. [PMID: 27868370 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Ali
- Syrian Hemophilia Society Centre, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Damascus University Hospital, Damascus, Syria
| | - F H Abou Fakher
- Syrian Hemophilia Society Centre, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Damascus University Hospital, Damascus, Syria
| | - J-F Schved
- Hemophilia Treatment Center, Hospital Saint-Eloi, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
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Endovascular Management of Recurrent Spontaneous Hemarthrosis After Arthroplasty. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2016; 40:216-222. [DOI: 10.1007/s00270-016-1511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rodriguez-Merchan EC, De La Corte-Rodriguez H. Radiosynovectomy in haemophilic synovitis of elbows and ankles: Is the effectiveness of yttrium-90 and rhenium-186 different? Thromb Res 2016; 140:41-45. [PMID: 26896609 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiosynovectomy (RS) reduces the number of haemarthroses and the synovial size in chronic haemophilic synovitis. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively compare the effectiveness of two types of RS (yttrium-90 vs. rhenium-186) in terms of the objective improvement of haemarthroses and synovial size. METHODS Seventy RSs were performed in 70 joints (44 elbows, 26 ankles) of 70 haemophiliacs diagnosed with chronic synovitis. Yttrium-90 was used in 21 joints and rhenium-186 was used in 49 joints. The mean patient age was 20.61 years. RESULTS RS resulted in significant improvement in the three variables studied (six months before RS vs. six months after RS), namely in the number of episodes of haemarthrosis (67.8% improvement); the size of the synovium as measured by means of a clinical scale (43.8% improvement) and imaging techniques in millimetres (26.7% improvement). We did not find significant statistical differences between yttrium-90 and rhenium-186 regarding their efficacy. No correlation was found between the results and other variables: age, joint (ankle or elbow), presence or absence of radiological involvement, type of haemophilia (A or B), grade of haemophilia (mild, moderate or severe), previous haematological treatment (on demand or prophylaxis), and the presence or absence of inhibitor CONCLUSIONS Yttrium-90 RS and rhenium-186 RS were equally effective in reducing the number of haemarthroses and the size of the synovium in ankles and elbows in the short-term (6 months). No correlation was found between the results and other patients' characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H De La Corte-Rodriguez
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Rodriguez-Merchan EC, Valentino LA. Safety of radiation exposure after radiosynovectomy in paediatric patients with haemophilia. Haemophilia 2015; 21:411-8. [PMID: 25854422 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Many paediatric patients with haemophilia who might benefit from radiosynovectomy (RS) for the control of synovitis do not undergo the procedure as there is controversy in the literature regarding the safety of radiation exposure after two cases of acute lymphocytic leukaemia in children with haemophilia treated with (32) P RS were reported. The purpose of this review was to analyse the safety of RS in paediatric patients with haemophilia and provide a risk-benefit assessment, which practitioners could apply to their patients. Children undergoing knee RS receive a radiation dose of approximately 0.74 mSv (90 megabecquerels-MBq) and elbow and ankle RSs a dose of approximately 0.32 mSv (30-40 MBq). The radiation dose from natural sources is approximately 2 mSv and the recommended limit for patients (apart from natural sources) is 1 mSv per year. The lifetime cancer risk increases about 0.5% per 100 mSv per year. Considering the risks and benefits of RS, the authors recommend that clinicians consider this procedure in children with inhibitors or in patients without inhibitors when bleeding is recurrent and persistent despite aggressive factor replacement.
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Rodriguez-Merchan EC, De la Corte-Rodriguez H, Jimenez-Yuste V. Radiosynovectomy in haemophilia: long-term results of 500 procedures performed in a 38-year period. Thromb Res 2014; 134:985-90. [PMID: 25240555 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2014.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiosynovectomy (RS) can reduce the number of haemarthroses in chronic haemophilic synovitis. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of RS in terms of the objective improvement of five parameters (number haemarthroses, articular pain, degree of clinical synovitis, clinical score of the World Federation of Haemophilia (WFH), and radiological score of the WFH. METHODS In a 38-year period (1976-2013), five hundred radiosynovectomies were performed in 443 joints of 345 patients with haemophilia diagnosed with chronic synovitis. The mean patient age was 23.7 years (range, 6-53). The mean follow-up was 18.5 years (range: 6 months-38 years). The RS was carried out with either yttrium-90 or rhenium-186. We performed 1 to 3 injections (RS-1, RS-2, RS-3), with a 6-month interval between them. RESULTS RS resulted in significant improvement in all the parameters studied, except in the WFH radiologic score that showed no improvement. On average, the number of haemarthroses decreased by 64.1% and articular pain decreased by 69.4%. The degree of synovitis showed a reduction of 31.3%. The WFH clinical score revealed an improvement of 19%. The WFH radiological score showed no improvement. There were four complications (0.9%) of RS. Twenty-eight (6.3%) joints eventually had to be subjected to arthroscopic synovectomy or total knee replacement (TKR). No cancer was observed in this group of patients during the 38-year period. CONCLUSIONS Radiosynovectomy (RS) is an effective, safe, minimally invasive, well tolerated procedure in the long-term for the treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis. Moreover, it is very easy to perform. The knee required more injections than the elbow or the ankle and more severe synoviums required a higher number of RS procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H De la Corte-Rodriguez
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Jimenez-Yuste
- Department of Haematology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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Rodriguez-Merchan E, De La Corte-Rodriguez H, Jimenez-Yuste V. Is radiosynovectomy (RS) effective for joints damaged by haemophilia with articular degeneration in simple radiography (ADSR)? Thromb Res 2014; 133:875-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2014.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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De La Corte-Rodriguez H, Rodriguez-Merchan EC, Jimenez-Yuste V. Consecutive radiosynovectomy procedures at 6-monthly intervals behave independently in haemophilic synovitis. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2013; 11:254-9. [PMID: 23245712 PMCID: PMC3626478 DOI: 10.2450/2012.0099-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies on the same group of patients investigated here demonstrated the effectiveness of radiosynovectomy in the treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis even if one, two or three radiosynovectomy procedures (RS-1, RS-2, RS-3) may be necessary. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the joints' response to each radiosynovectomy procedure behaved independently or not. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred and fifty-six radiosynovectomies were performed in 104 joints of 78 people diagnosed with chronic haemophilic synovitis. The patient's mean age was 18 years. Fifty-eight patients required radiosynovectomy in a single joint, whereas 20 received treatment in more than one joint. Of the 104 joints subjected to radiosynovectomy, 33 were elbows, 47 knees and 24 ankles. Radiosynovectomy was carried out with either yttrium-90 or rhenium-186 (1-3 injections with 6-month intervals between them). Of the 104 joints, 68 required a single injection of the radioisotope (RS-1), 20 required two injections (RS-2) and 16 required three injections (RS-3). In eight cases (7.6%), the affected joints eventually required surgery. RESULTS An analysis of seven variables (number of bleeding episodes, articular pain, range of motion in flexion and extension, muscle strength in flexion and extension, and synovial thickness by imaging) demonstrated that each consecutive radiosynovectomy behaves independently in haemophilic synovitis. DISCUSSION Each consecutive radiosynovectomy behaves independently in haemophilic synovitis. This finding had not been documented in the literature before the present study.
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Thomas S, Mendes JD, Souza SA, Lorenzato CS, Assi PE, Pacheco LRL, Gabriel MB, Bordim A, Gutfilen B, da Fonseca LMB. Radioactive synovectomy with (90) yttrium and (153) samarium hydroxyapatite in haemophilic joints: preliminary study on radiation safety. Haemophilia 2013; 19:632-6. [PMID: 23534894 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Most countries still do not achieve 1 IU of factor VIII/capita sufficient for survival. Although primary prophylaxis prevents synovitis, is not universally used. Chronic synovitis is treated with arthroscopy at expense of considerable amount of coagulation factors, and specialized surgeons. Radioactive synovectomy (RS) is a minimally invasive and cost effective alternative to arthroscopy, often considered first the option for persistent synovitis. Even without established causation with cancer, RS is avoided by some, due to this concern. We aim contributing to the understanding of RS safety regarding malignancy, presenting a large number of treated patients, and a single case of cancer. Three centres in Brazil applied RS with (90) Yttrium Citrate, (90) Yttrium hydroxyapatite or (153) Samarium hydroxyapatite in haemophilic joints and performed a survey addressing cancer in these patients. Four hundred and eighty eight patients (ages 3-51) received 1-3 RS (total 842) and follow-up was 6 months to 9 years. One patient aged 14 years presented Ewing sarcoma, 11 months after RS. The tumour was treated successfully with surgery and chemotherapy. Causality of cancer by RS is improbable in this case. Accordingly, latency here is far below minimum 5-10 years for radio-induction of solid tumours. Moreover, ES is not a typically radio-induced tumour, even at high doses. In agreement with others, though recognizing limitations, this study suggests RS is safe regarding cancer induction. Synovitis is a known burden for patients. The decision of making reasonable usage of RS should be outweighed with the risks of leaving synovitis untreated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thomas
- Ambulatorio de Hematologia, Hemomat, Cuiaba, Brazil.
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Srivastava A, Brewer AK, Mauser-Bunschoten EP, Key NS, Kitchen S, Llinas A, Ludlam CA, Mahlangu JN, Mulder K, Poon MC, Street A. Guidelines for the management of hemophilia. Haemophilia 2012; 19:e1-47. [PMID: 22776238 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2012.02909.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1279] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Srivastava
- Department of Hematology; Christian Medical College; Vellore; India
| | - A. K. Brewer
- Department of Oral Surgery; The Royal Infirmary; Glasgow; Scotland
| | - E. P. Mauser-Bunschoten
- Van Creveldkliniek and Department of Hematology; University Medical Center Utrecht; Utrecht; The Netherlands
| | - N. S. Key
- Department of Medicine; University of North Carolina; Chapel Hill; NC; USA
| | - S. Kitchen
- Sheffield Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre; Royal Hallamshire Hospital; Sheffield; UK
| | - A. Llinas
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology; Fundación Santa Fe University Hospital Fundación Cosme y Damián and Universidad de los Andes and Universidad del Rosario; Bogotá; Colombia
| | - C. A. Ludlam
- Comprehensive Care Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre; Royal Infirmary; Edinburgh; UK
| | - J. N. Mahlangu
- Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre; Johannesburg Hospital and Department of Molecular Medicine and Haematology; Faculty of Health Sciences; National Health Laboratory Services and University of the Witwatersrand; Johannesburg; South Africa
| | - K. Mulder
- Bleeding Disorders Clinic; Health Sciences Center; Winnipeg; Canada
| | - M. C. Poon
- Departments of Medicine; Pediatrics and Oncology, and Southern Alberta Rare Blood and Bleeding Disorders Comprehensive Care Program; University of Calgary, Foothills Hospital and Calgary Health Region; Calgary; Canada
| | - A. Street
- Haematology; Alfred Hospital; Melbourne; Victoria; Australia
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Knobe K, Berntorp E. Haemophilia and joint disease: pathophysiology, evaluation, and management. JOURNAL OF COMORBIDITY 2011; 1:51-59. [PMID: 29090136 PMCID: PMC5556421 DOI: 10.15256/joc.2011.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2011] [Accepted: 12/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In patients with haemophilia, regular replacement therapy with clotting factor concentrates (prophylaxis) is effective in preventing recurrent bleeding episodes into joints and muscles. However, despite this success, intra-articular and intramuscular bleeding is still a major clinical manifestation of the disease. Bleeding most commonly occurs in the knees, elbows, and ankles, and is often evident from early childhood. The pathogenesis of haemophilic arthropathy is multifactorial, with changes occurring in the synovium, bone, cartilage, and blood vessels. Recurrent joint bleeding causes synovial proliferation and inflammation (haemophilic synovitis) that contribute to end-stage degeneration (haemophilic arthropathy); with pain and limitation of motion severely affecting patients' quality of life. If joint bleeding is not treated adequately, it tends to recur, resulting in a vicious cycle that must be broken to prevent the development of chronic synovitis and degenerative arthritis. Effective prevention and management of haemophilic arthropathy includes the use of early, aggressive prophylaxis with factor replacement therapies, as well as elective procedures, including restorative physical therapy, analgesia, aspiration, synovectomy, and orthopaedic surgery. Optimal treatment of patients with haemophilia requires a multidisciplinary team comprising a haematologist, physiotherapist, orthopaedic practitioner, rehabilitation physician, occupational therapist, psychologist, social workers, and nurses. Journal of Comorbidity 2011;1:51-59.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Knobe
- Lund University, Malmö Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Erik Berntorp
- Lund University, Malmö Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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De la Corte-Rodriguez H, Rodriguez-Merchan EC, Jimenez-Yuste V. Radiosynovectomy in hemophilia: quantification of its effectiveness through the assessment of 10 articular parameters. J Thromb Haemost 2011; 9:928-35. [PMID: 21352468 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04246.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiosynovectomy (RS) can reduce the number of hemarthroses in chronic hemophilic synovitis. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of RS in terms of the objective improvement of ten articular parameters. METHODS One-hundred and fifty-six radiosynovectomies were performed in 104 joints of 78 hemophiliacs diagnosed with chronic synovitis. The mean patient age was 18 years. The RS was carried out with either yttrium-90 or rhenium-186 (1-3 injections with a 6-month interval between them). RESULTS RS resulted in significant improvement in nine of the 10 variables studied, namely in the number of episodes of hemarthrosis, articular pain, range of motion (ROM) in flexion. ROM in extension, muscle strength (MS) in flexion, MS in extension, the degree of synovitis detected on clinical examination, the size of the synovium as measured by means of imaging techniques (in millimeters), the clinical scale developed by the World Federation of Haemophilia (WFH), and the radiologic scale of the WFH. The tenth parameter, the WFH radiologic score, showed no improvement. The other nine parameters studied improved independently for each one of the intra-articular injections of the radioisotope. CONCLUSIONS Categorization of the variables with regard to the degree of improvement achieved showed that the number of episodes of hemarthrosis and the severity of pain were the variables associated with the greatest improvement, with a 70% decrease in the amount of bleeding and in the level of pain experienced by the patient. The reduction of articular bleeding after RS was 67.6% when RS-1 was used, 62.1% with RS-2 and 61.2% with RS-3. Synovial hypertrophy as assessed clinically and by imaging techniques also showed a reduction of 30% and 39%, respectively. The WFH clinical scale revealed an improvement of around 19%. MS also improved in flexion and extension (7.9% and 8.2% improvement, respectively). ROM showed a slight but non-significant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- H De la Corte-Rodriguez
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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de la Corte-Rodriguez H, Rodriguez-Merchan EC, Jimenez-Yuste V. What patient, joint and isotope characteristics influence the response to radiosynovectomy in patients with haemophilia? Haemophilia 2011; 17:e990-8. [PMID: 21535325 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2011.02546.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The literature describes radiosynovectomy (RS) as a good non-surgical option for reducing synovial membrane size and thus the number of haemarthrosis episodes. However, there are still many aspects concerning the beneficial effects of RS that have not been quantified. A total of 156 radiosynovectomies (RS) were performed in 104 joints corresponding to 78 haemophiliacs (yttrium-90, rhenium-186). The mean patient age was 18 years. In another study involving the same group of patients, the parameters that improved most after RS were pain and haemarthrosis, followed by the World Federation of Hemophilia clinical score, muscle strength and range of movement (ROM). Following RS, improvement was seen to be independent of patient age, haemophilia type and grade, previous haematological treatment, the presence or absence of circulating inhibitor, synovial membrane size, the type of joint (elbow, knee and ankle), previous physical activity or lack of activity, the prior presence or absence of radiographic signs of joint degeneration (arthropathy) or the isotope used. RS is effective in treating haemophilic synovitis and may require 1-3 injections (RS-1, RS-2 and RS-3) spaced 6 months apart. Following RS-1, the knee had a 3.4- and 3.2-fold greater risk of not improving in terms of pain, compared with the elbow and ankle, respectively. Regarding ROM, lesser improvement was recorded after RS-1 in cases of severe haemophilia and the ankle. In other words, severe haemophilia implies a 2.1-fold greater risk of no improvement in ROM compared with mild and moderate haemophilia. In addition, the ankle presented a 6-fold greater risk of not improving in terms of ROM compared with the elbow and knee. RS affords effective treatment of chronic haemophilic synovitis. RS is effective in all patient groups, independently of the presence of circulating inhibitor antibody, the type of joint involved, the degree of synovial membrane hypertrophy and the presence of radiographic findings of joint degeneration (arthropathy).
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Affiliation(s)
- H de la Corte-Rodriguez
- Department of Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
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de la Corte-Rodriguez H, Rodriguez-Merchan EC, Jimenez-Yuste V. Radiosynovectomy in patients with chronic haemophilic synovitis: when is more than one injection necessary? Eur J Haematol 2011; 86:430-5. [PMID: 21306434 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2011.01583.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Thomas S, Gabriel MC, de Souza SAL, Gomes SC, Assi PE, Pinheiro Perri ML, Liberato W, Matushita CS, Gutfilen B, da Fonseca LMB. ⁹⁰Yttrium-hydroxyapatite: a new therapeutic option for radioactive synovectomy in haemophilic synovitis. Haemophilia 2011; 17:e985-9. [PMID: 21388489 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2011.02497.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recurrent haemarthroses often lead to chronic synovitis in patients with haemophilia and von Willebrand disease. Radioactive synovectomy with yttrium-90 (⁹⁰Y) citrate is frequently used to treat this complication, usually with good results. Since 2006, the Nuclear Energy Research Institute (IPEN, Sao Paulo, Brazil) has produced hydroxyapatite particles labelled with ⁹⁰Y for radioactive synovectomy. The aim of this study was to compare the results achieved by both forms of ⁹⁰Y in the treatment of haemophilic synovitis. We included 221 joints from 136 patients (age range: 6-20 years), treated by one of the two radiopharmaceuticals, at the Hemocenter of Mato Grosso, Brazil. The outcomes analysed were the annual frequency of haemarthrosis, articular pain and joint range of motion before and 1 year after RS. Similar results were achieved regardless of whether ⁹⁰Y hydroxyapatite or ⁹⁰Y citrate was used, and results were independent of the joint type, age, gender, radiologic stage and presence of inhibitors. ⁹⁰Y hydroxyapatite appears to be equivalent to the reference product ⁹⁰Y citrate in the treatment of chronic synovitis associated with bleeding disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Thomas
- Nuclear Medicine Service, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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THOMAS S, GABRIEL MB, ASSI PE, BARBOZA M, PERRI MLP, LAND MGP, DA COSTA ES. Radioactive synovectomy with Yttrium90 citrate in haemophilic synovitis: Brazilian experience. Haemophilia 2010; 17:e211-6. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2010.02379.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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