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Pacheco BLB, Nogueira CP, Venancio EJ. IgY Antibodies from Birds: A Review on Affinity and Avidity. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3130. [PMID: 37835736 PMCID: PMC10571861 DOI: 10.3390/ani13193130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
IgY antibodies are found in the blood and yolk of eggs. Several studies show the feasibility of utilising IgY for immunotherapy and immunodiagnosis. These antibodies have been studied because they fulfil the current needs for reducing, replacing, and improving the use of animals. Affinity and avidity represent the strength of the antigen-antibody interaction and directly influence antibody action. The aim of this review was to examine the factors that influence the affinity and avidity of IgY antibodies and the methodologies used to determine these variables. In birds, there are few studies on the maturation of antibody affinity and avidity, and these studies suggest that the use of an adjuvant-type of antigen, the animal lineage, the number of immunisations, and the time interfered with the affinity and avidity of IgY antibodies. Regarding the methodologies, most studies use chaotropic agents to determine the avidity index. Studies involving the solution phase and equilibrium titration reactions are also described. These results demonstrate the need for the standardisation of methodologies for the determination of affinity and avidity so that further studies can be performed to optimise the production of high avidity IgY antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Camila Parada Nogueira
- Scientific Initiation Programme, Animal Science Course, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil;
| | - Emerson José Venancio
- Department of Pathological Sciences, State University of Londrina, Londrina 86038-350, Brazil
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2
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Grzywa R, Łupicka-Słowik A, Sieńczyk M. IgYs: on her majesty's secret service. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1199427. [PMID: 37377972 PMCID: PMC10291628 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1199427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been an increasing interest in using Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) antibodies as an alternative to "classical" antimicrobials. Unlike traditional antibiotics, they can be utilized on a continual basis without leading to the development of resistance. The veterinary IgY antibody market is growing because of the demand for minimal antibiotic use in animal production. IgY antibodies are not as strong as antibiotics for treating infections, but they work well as preventative agents and are natural, nontoxic, and easy to produce. They can be administered orally and are well tolerated, even by young animals. Unlike antibiotics, oral IgY supplements support the microbiome that plays a vital role in maintaining overall health, including immune system function. IgY formulations can be delivered as egg yolk powder and do not require extensive purification. Lipids in IgY supplements improve antibody stability in the digestive tract. Given this, using IgY antibodies as an alternative to antimicrobials has garnered interest. In this review, we will examine their antibacterial potential.
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Cruz, Tipantiza N, Torres, Arias M. Tecnología IgY: Estrategia en el tratamiento de enfermedades infecciosas humanas. BIONATURA 2021. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2021.06.03.30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
La aparición de microorganismos resistentes a antibióticos, el descubrimiento de nuevos agentes patógenos con potencial pandémico y el aumento de una población inmunocomprometida han dejado casi obsoleta la terapia antimicrobiana, terapia comúnmente usada para tratar enfermedades infecciosas. Por otro lado, las investigaciones acerca del uso del anticuerpo IgY para desarrollar inmunidad pasiva han demostrado el potencial que tiene la tecnología IgY para tratar enfermedades infecciosas víricas y bacterianas. Donde los anticuerpos IgY de aves se destacan por su alta especificidad, rendimiento y escalabilidad de producción a menor costo, con relación a los anticuerpos IgG de mamíferos. El objetivo de esta revisión es determinar la importancia del uso de los anticuerpos IgY como tratamiento terapéutico y profiláctico frente a los patógenos causantes de infecciones virales y bacterianas en humanos, mediante la recopilación de ensayos clínicos, productos comerciales y patentes registradas en el período de 2010-2021. Finalmente, con este estudio se estableció que la tecnología IgY es una herramienta biotecnológica versátil y eficaz para tratar y prevenir enfermedades infecciosas, al reducir los síntomas y la carga del patógeno.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaly Cruz, Tipantiza
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE
| | - Marbel Torres, Arias
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida y la Agricultura, Carrera de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE Laboratorio de Inmunología y Virología, CENCINAT, GISAH, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas, ESPE
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4
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Stotz MK, Henry DD, Crossland WL. Evaluation of immunoglobulin-Y in place of tylosin phosphate in the diets fed to Holstein Steers and preliminary analysis of liver abscess duration on animal growth performance. Transl Anim Sci 2021; 5:txaa225. [PMID: 33501416 PMCID: PMC7810255 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the regular use of feed-grade macrolide-antibiotics, bovine liver abscesses persist, representing a financial burden to pre- and post-mortem sectors of the beef industry. An immunoglobulin-Y (IGY) additive developed to target Fusobacterium necrophorum and Trueperella pyogenes, was evaluated for the control of liver abscesses. Research is needed for the impact of liver abscess severity as well as abscess duration on steer performance and carcass characteristics. Holstein steers (n = 64; initial body weight (BW) = 372.5 ± 2.41 kg) consuming a finishing diet for 188 d were used in a completely randomized design where treatments included: TYL (tylosin phosphate 90 mg/d; n = 32) or IGY (2.5 g/d; n = 32) and steer was the experimental unit. Feed intake was recorded daily while BW and liver ultrasound outcome (normal or abnormal) was recorded every 28 d until slaughter to estimate duration of abscess presence (DUR). Continuous variables of animal growth performance and carcass characteristics were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Categorical quality grade and liver data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Treatment did not affect live or carcass-adjusted growth performance (P ≥ 0.131). However, steers fed TYL had greater (P = 0.042) empty body fat (EBF) % and a greater proportion of carcasses grading premium choice than steers fed IGY (P = 0.030). Treatment did not affect prevalence of abscessed livers, abscess severity or estimated abscess duration (P ≥ 0.213) but datasets with greater experimental units are needed to substantiate this outcome. Increasing abscess severity tended (P ≤ 0.10) to linearly reduce carcass-adjusted gain to feed (G:F), fat thickness, and EBF. Carcass dressing % was only affected by severe (A+ and A+AD) abscess scores (P = 0.010). Carcass-adjusted final BW, average daily gain, G:F, and hot carcass weight was decreased only when the estimated DUR was ≥140 d (P ≤ 0.05). Carcass dressing %, however, was linearly affected by estimated liver abscess DUR (P ≤ 0.005), regardless of abscess severity. Preliminary evidence suggests that measuring the duration of liver abscess affliction during the feeding period may also give insight to the degree of performance reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda K Stotz
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX
| | - Darren D Henry
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX
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Xu L, Che J, Xu Y, Chen Y, Li Y, Murtaza B, Wang L, Zhang M, Li X. Oral administration of microencapsulated egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) to combat against Edwardsiella tarda 2CDM001 infections. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:609-620. [PMID: 32795594 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Edwardsiellosis, an extremely harmful disease can be caused by Edwardsiella tarda, severely restricts the development of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) farming worldwide, especially in China. This study aimed to establish an effective and feasible prophylaxis by feeding chitosan-alginate coated egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) against E. tarda 2CDM001 infections in the process of turbot farming. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays proved that the obtained specific IgY could specifically target E. tarda 2CDM001 and five other E. tarda isolates (1a5p, Hz-s, 1a1s, fs-a1 and 58p8). In-vitro, the bacteriostatic effects of specific IgY showed dose dependencies at concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 mg/mL. Moreover, E. tarda 2CDM001 incubated with 10 mg/mL specific IgY could induce the destruction of cell wall structures and significantly decrease the bacterial surface hydrophobicity (p < 0.05). In this study, turbots were challenged with 107 CFU E. tarda 2CDM001 after seven days of continuous feeding with basal diets containing microencapsulated IgYs. Survival rates of the 5%, 3% and 1% microencapsulated specific IgY groups were 63.3%, 56.7% and 20% on the tenth day post infection, respectively, while the turbots in the positive control and non-specific IgY groups all died within ten days. Oral administration of basal diets containing 5% microencapsulated specific IgY significantly reduced IL-1β, IL-8, TNF-α and C3 transcript levels in the head kidney and spleen of turbots compared with the positive and non-specific IgY groups at 24 h after E. tarda 2CDM001 challenging (p < 0.05). Pathological increase of leukocytes in the specific IgY group was significantly lower than that in the positive control and non-specific IgY groups (p < 0.05), decreasing slowly after 24 h of infection and showing a recovery trend. Erythrocyte counts and hemoglobin concentrations of turbots in positive and non-specific IgY groups showed a marked decrease compared with the negative and specific groups at 96 h after E. tarda 2CDM001 infection (p < 0.05). These results suggest that passive immunity via feeding microencapsulated specific IgY could be used as a valuable preventative in turbot against E. tarda 2CDM001 infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Xu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Jian Che
- Dalian Xinyulong Marine Biological Seed Technology Co., Ltd., Dalian, 116222, China; Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Yongping Xu
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China; Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yuan Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Bilal Murtaza
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China; Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Meixia Zhang
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China; Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116600, China.
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6
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Li X, He P, Yu L, He Q, Jia C, Yang H, Lu M, Wei X, Zhao S. Production and characteristics of a novel chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) against periodontitis-associated pathogens. J Oral Microbiol 2020; 12:1831374. [PMID: 33144924 PMCID: PMC7580850 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2020.1831374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a bacterial biofilm-induced oral disease, mostly caused by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). Oral administration of chicken egg yolk antibody (IgY) is a promising nutritional strategy to control pathogen infections. The objective of this study was to produce an A. actinomycetemcomitans- and P. gingivalis-specific IgY and evaluate its effects on bacterial agglutination and biofilm formation. Thirty laying hens were immunized with a complex of lysate containing typical molecular weights of membrane proteins of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis. IgY was isolated by polyethylene glycol 6000 and ammonium sulfate and purified by dialysis. The results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the obtained IgY were specific to both A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis. In addition, immunoelectron microscopy scanning and crystal violet staining showed that the IgY could bind to cell wall of the pathogens and efficiently accelerate agglutination and inhibit biofilm formation. Furthermore, the activity of the IgY remained stable at different temperature, pH, and storage period. This is the first report that a novel two-in-one IgY was produced to modulate the agglutination and biofilm formation of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, suggesting the potential of IgY to control periodontitis caused by oral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangguang Li
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan He
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Linjin Yu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyi He
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggang Jia
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical, Guilin Sanjin Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd, Guilin City, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyi Yang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Minglei Lu
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuting Wei
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Suqing Zhao
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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7
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Pereira EPV, van Tilburg MF, Florean EOPT, Guedes MIF. Egg yolk antibodies (IgY) and their applications in human and veterinary health: A review. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 73:293-303. [PMID: 31128529 PMCID: PMC7106195 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Egg yolk constitutes a relevant alternative source of antibodies. It presents some advantages over mammalian serum immunoglobulins regarding productivity, animal welfare and specificity. The main immunoglobulin present in avian blood (IgY) is transmitted to their offspring and accumulates in egg yolks, which enables the non-invasive harvesting of high amounts of antibodies. Moreover, due to structural differences and phylogenetic distance, IgY is more suitable for diagnostic purposes than mammalian antibodies, since it does not react with certain components of the human immune system and displays greater avidity for mammalian conserved proteins. IgY has been extensively used in health researches, as both therapeutic and diagnostic tool. This article aims to review its applications in both human and veterinary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- E P V Pereira
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology - LBBM, Ceará State University, Brazil.
| | - M F van Tilburg
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology - LBBM, Ceará State University, Brazil
| | - E O P T Florean
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology - LBBM, Ceará State University, Brazil
| | - M I F Guedes
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology - LBBM, Ceará State University, Brazil
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8
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Wang Z, Li J, Li J, Li Y, Wang L, Wang Q, Fang L, Ding X, Huang P, Yin J, Yin Y, Yang H. Protective effect of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 adhesion in weaned piglets. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:234. [PMID: 31286936 PMCID: PMC6615277 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-1958-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli K88 (E. coli K88) are considered as a major cause of diarrhea and death in newly weaned piglets. Oral passive immunization with chicken egg yolk immunoglobulins (IgY) have attracted considerable attention for treatment of gastrointestinal infection due to its high specificity. In this study it was estimated the protective effect of anti-K88 fimbriae IgY against E. coli K88 adhesion to piglet intestinal mucus in vitro and to investigate the potential use of IgY for controlling E. coli-induced diarrhea in weaned piglets in vivo. Results E. coli K88 was incubated with IgY for 24 h, and the bacterial growth profiles showed that specific IgY with a concentration higher than 5 mg/mL was observed to significantly inhibit the growth of E. coli K88 compared to nonspecific yolk powder in a liquid medium. Moreover, pretreatment with 50 mg/mL of IgY was found to significantly decrease the adhesion ability of E. coli K88 to porcine jejunal and ileal mucus, further supported by the observations from our immunofluorescence microscopic analysis. In vivo, administration of IgY successfully protected piglets from diarrhea caused by E. coli K88 challenge. Additionally, IgY treatment efficiently alleviated E. coli-induced intestinal inflammation in piglets as the gene expression levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-22, IL-6 and IL-1β in IgY-treated piglets remained unchanged after E. coli K88 infection. Furthermore, IgY significantly prevented E. coli K88 adhering to the jejunal and ileal mucosa of piglets with E. coli infection and significantly decreased E. coli and enterotoxin expression in colonic contents. Conclusion Outcome of the study demonstrated that IgY against the fimbrial antigen K88 was able to significantly inhibit the growth of E. coli K88, block the binding of E. coli to small intestinal mucus, and protect piglets from E. coli-induced diarrhea. These results indicate that passive immunization with IgY may be useful to prevent bacterial colonization and to control enteric diseases due to E. coli infection. The study has great clinical implication to provide alternative therapy to antibiotics in E coli induced diarrhea. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-1958-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaobin Wang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.,Chinese Academy of Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center of Animal and Poultry Science and Key Laboratory for Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha City, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Li
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.,Chinese Academy of Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center of Animal and Poultry Science and Key Laboratory for Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha City, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Yali Li
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.
| | - Lixia Wang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Qingping Wang
- Zyme Fast (Changsha) Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changsha City, 410311, Hunan, China
| | - Lin Fang
- Zyme Fast (Changsha) Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Changsha City, 410311, Hunan, China
| | - Xueqin Ding
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Huang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China.,Chinese Academy of Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center of Animal and Poultry Science and Key Laboratory for Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha City, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Huansheng Yang
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, Hunan, China. .,Chinese Academy of Science, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Engineering and Research Center of Animal and Poultry Science and Key Laboratory for Agroecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Scientific Observation and Experimental Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central, Ministry of Agriculture, Changsha City, 410125, Hunan, China.
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Xu L, Xu Y, He L, Zhang M, Wang L, Li Z, Li X. Immunomodulatory effects of chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) against experimental Shewanella marisflavi AP629 infections in sea cucumbers (Apostichopus japonicus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 84:108-119. [PMID: 30266604 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Skin ulceration syndrome in sea cucumbers is an infectious bacterial disease with fast and high mortality. This study investigated the protection of chicken egg yolk antibodies (IgY) on skin ulcer syndrome in sea cucumbers induced by intraperitoneally injecting Shewanella marisflavi AP629. Inactivated whole S. marisflavi AP629 cells were used as an immunogen to immunize laying hens. The highest titer of the obtained specific IgY by ELISA was 1:90000. Specific IgY significantly inhibited the growth of S. marisflavi AP629 in a liquid medium, dose-dependent manner at concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 2 mg/mL. Results obtained from scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy showed that specific IgY could make bacteria agglutinate and damage the cell membrane of S. marisflavi AP629, resulting in a decrease of bacterial viability. Sea cucumbers treated with 25, 5, and 1 mg/mL anti-S. marisflavi AP629 IgY could achieve survival rates of 77.5%, 50%, and 22.5% at day 12 when the infection and injection therapy were carried out at the same time, respectively. However, survival rates of sea cucumbers treated with 25 mg/mL of nonspecific IgY were only 7.5% at day 12. All sea cucumbers in the positive control group died within twelve days after bacterial inoculation. Levels of the five humoral immune factors (LYZ, ACP, NOS, SOD, CAT) released by coelomocytes were significantly increased in the specific IgY group compared to the nonspecific IgY and positive control groups within 12 h. However, the activities of LYZ, ACP, and SOD decreased rapidly at the 48 h time point in the specific IgY group, indicating that specific IgY treatment could shorten the time needed to restore balance in sea cucumber immune systems. Oral prophylaxis with egg yolk powders was that all sea cucumbers were challenged with 4.2 × 106 CFU S. marisflavi AP629 by intraperitoneal injection after 60 days of feeding. Survival rates of diets containing 10%, 5%, and 1% specific egg yolk powder were 57.5%, 52.5%, and 30% by day 12, respectively, and the survival rate was 27.5% for the nonspecific group and 22.5% for the positive control group. After feeding for 60 days, enzyme activities of LZY, NOS, and SOD were all significantly enhanced in sea cucumbers fed with specific egg yolk powder when compared to the control group (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that the phagocytic activities of coelomocytes were significantly stimulated after specific IgY treatment over that of nonspecific IgY or without IgY treatments in sea cucumbers (p < 0.05). Overall, our results revealed that anti-S. marisflavi AP629 IgY has a positive immunomodulatory effect on sea cucumbers infected with S. marisflavi AP629.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Xu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yongping Xu
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China; Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Liangyu He
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Meixia Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China; Center for Food Safety of Animal Origin, Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116600, China.
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10
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Xu Y, Selerio-Poely T, Ye X. Clinical and microbiological effects of egg yolk antibody against Porphyromonas gingivalis as an adjunct in the treatment of moderate to severe chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Periodontal Implant Sci 2018. [PMID: 29535890 PMCID: PMC5841267 DOI: 10.5051/jpis.2018.48.1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the clinical and microbiological effects of the local use of egg yolk immunoglobulin against Porphyromonas gingivalis (anti-P.g. IgY) as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the treatment of moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. Methods This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial involving 60 systematically healthy patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. Subjects (n=20/group) were randomly assigned to receive SRP combined with subgingival irrigation of anti-P.g. IgY and anti-P.g. IgY mouthwash, subgingival irrigation of 0.2% chlorhexidine and 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash, or subgingival irrigation of placebo and placebo mouthwash for 4 weeks. Probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, and the plaque index were evaluated at baseline and at 4 weeks. Subgingival plaque, gingival crevicular fluid, and saliva were simultaneously collected for microbiological analysis. Results Our results showed that anti-P.g. IgY mouthwash was as effective as chlorhexidine at improving clinical parameters over a 4-week period. All the groups showed a significant reduction in levels of P.g. at 4 weeks. No significant difference was observed in the test group when compared to placebo regarding the reduction in the levels of P.g. Anti-P.g. IgY significantly suppressed the numbers of red complex bacteria (RCB) in subgingival plaque and saliva in comparison with placebo. No adverse effects were reported in any of the subjects. Conclusions Within the limitations of the study, the present investigation showed that passive immunization with anti-P.g. IgY may prove to be effective in the treatment of chronic periodontitis due to its ability to improve clinical parameters and to reduce RCB. No significant differences were found between the anti-P.g. IgY and placebo groups in the reduction of P.g.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Tshepiso Selerio-Poely
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
| | - Xingru Ye
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatologic Hospital and College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Hefei, China
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Anti- Pseudomonas aeruginosa IgY antibodies augment bacterial clearance in a murine pneumonia model. J Cyst Fibros 2016; 15:171-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Hou YY, Zhen YH, Wang D, Zhu J, Sun DX, Liu XT, Wang HX, Liu Y, Long YY, Shu XH. Protective effect of an egg yolk-derived immunoglobulin (IgY) against Prevotella intermedia-mediated gingivitis. J Appl Microbiol 2014; 116:1020-7. [PMID: 24320204 DOI: 10.1111/jam.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the effects of an egg yolk-derived immunoglobulin (IgY) specific to Prevotella intermedia in vitro and in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS An IgY specific to P. intermedia was produced by immunizing hens with formaldehyde-inactivated P. intermedia and showed high titres when subjected to an ELISA. The obtained IgY inhibited the growth of P. intermedia in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations from 1 to 20 mg ml(-1) in Center for Disease Control and Prevention liquid medium. Forty rats were challenged with P. intermedia on gingivae and then randomly divided into four groups, which were syringed respectively with phosphate-buffered saline, 1 mg ml(-1) of tinidazole, 20 mg ml(-1) of nonspecific IgY and 20 mg ml(-1) of the IgY specific to P. intermedia at a dosage of 300 μl per day. Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), counts of white blood cell (WBC) and histopathological slide of the gums were measured after treatment for 15 days. The gingivitis rats treated with the IgY specific to P. intermedia showed significantly decreased GI, PI, BOP and WBC (P < 0·05). Gum histopathology of the treated rats demonstrated a superior protective effect of the specific IgY on P. intermedia-mediated gingivitis. CONCLUSIONS A new immunoglobulin specific to P. intermedia was developed from egg yolk. This specific IgY can dose-dependently inhibit the growth of P. intermedia and protect rats from gingivitis induced by P. intermedia. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The new IgY has potential for the treatment of P. intermedia-mediated gingivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-Y Hou
- Clinical Medicine of Seven-year-program, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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