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Cooper JC. Ecological niche divergence or ecological niche partitioning in a widespread Neotropical bird lineage. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17345. [PMID: 38708346 PMCID: PMC11067898 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Ecological niche divergence is generally considered to be a facet of evolution that may accompany geographic isolation and diversification in allopatry, contributing to species' evolutionary distinctiveness through time. The null expectation for any two diverging species in geographic isolation is that of niche conservatism, wherein populations do not rapidly shift to or adapt to novel environments. Here, I test ecological niche divergence for a widespread, pan-American lineage, the avian genus of martins (Progne). The genus Progne includes migrant and resident species, as well as geographically restricted taxa and widespread, intercontinentally distributed taxa, thus providing an ideal group in which to study the nature of niche divergence within a broad geographic mosaic. I obtained distributional information for the genus from publicly available databases and created ecological niche models for each species to create pairwise comparisons of environmental space. I combined these data with the most up-to-date phylogeny of Progne currently available to examine the patterns of niche evolution within the genus. I found limited evidence for niche divergence across the breeding distributions of Progne, and much stronger support for niche conservatism with patterns of niche partitioning. The ancestral Progne had a relatively broad ecological niche, like extant basal Progne lineages, and several geographically localized descendant species occupy only portions of this larger ancestral niche. I recovered strong evidence of breeding niche divergence for four of 36 taxon pairs but only one of these divergent pairs involved two widespread species (Southern Martin P. elegans vs. Gray-breasted Martin P. chalybea). Potential niche expansion from the ancestral species was observed in the most wide-ranging present-day species, namely the North American Purple Martin P. subis and P. chalybea. I analyzed populations of P. subis separately, as a microcosm of Progne evolution, and again found only limited evidence of niche divergence. This study adds to the mounting evidence for niche conservatism as a dominant feature of diversifying lineages, and sheds light on the ways in which apparently divergent niches may arise through allopatry while not involving any true niche shifts through evolutionary time. Even taxa that appear unique in terms of habitat or behavior may not be diversifying with respect to their ecological niches, but merely partitioning ancestral niches among descendant taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob C. Cooper
- Department of Biology, University of Nebraska at Kearney, Kearney, NE, United States of America
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States of America
- Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum, Chicago, IL, United States of America
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Peñalba JV, Peters JL, Joseph L. Sustained plumage divergence despite weak genomic differentiation and broad sympatry in sister species of Australian woodswallows (
Artamus
spp.). Mol Ecol 2022; 31:5060-5073. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.16637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua V. Peñalba
- Museum für Naturkunde Berlin Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science Center for Integrative Biodiversity Discovery, Invalidenstr. 43, D‐10115 Berlin Germany
| | - Jeffrey L. Peters
- Department of Biological Sciences Wright State University Dayton OH USA
| | - Leo Joseph
- Australian National Wildlife Collection, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia Canberra Australia
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3
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Introgression at the emerging secondary contact zone of magpie Pica pica subspecies (Aves: Corvidae): integrating data on nuclear and mitochondrial markers, vocalizations, and field observations. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-022-00568-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Zones of secondary contact provide a good opportunity to investigate the origin and dynamics of reproductive isolation between related populations. We analyzed genetic and phenotypic patterns and gene flow between two subspecies of the Eurasian magpie Pica pica s.l. which recently came into contact after presumably long periods of isolation. We describe the distribution of subspecies in a young contact zone at Argun’ river basin in southern Siberia where populations occur in parapatry and an older hybrid population in eastern Mongolia. Based on genome-wide SNP data, we analyzed patterns and strength of gene flow between the subspecies. Our results indicate occasional hybridization with backcrossing and asymmetric introgression along a wide range in Transbaikalia and locally in eastern Mongolia. Males of P. p. jankowskii apparently exhibit higher dispersal ability towards the west compared to P. p. leucoptera (towards the east). The former occasionally migrates to eastern Mongolia and Transbaikalia where introgression of nuclear, but not mitochondrial DNA was evident. Bioacoustic investigations showed differences between the subspecies in speed and structure of vocalization. We discovered intermediate calls of hybrid magpies and bilingual birds alternating calls that are typical for the two taxa. Furthermore, we found dramatically decreased reproductive success in hybridogeneous populations. By complementing our results with established phylogeographic patterns of P. pica s.l. based on a mitochondrial marker sequence, and considering indications of sterility of hybrids in the contact zone, we propose to elevate the two corresponding subspecies to species level: P. pica for the western form and P. serica for the eastern form.
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4
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Sánchez‐González LA, Castillo‐Chora VJ, Arbeláez‐Cortés E, Navarro‐Sigüenza AG. Diversification and secondary contact in the magpie‐jays (
Calocitta
) throughout the pacific lowlands of Mesoamerica. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis A. Sánchez‐González
- Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera” Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
| | - Vicente J. Castillo‐Chora
- Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera” Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
| | - Enrique Arbeláez‐Cortés
- Grupo de Estudios en Biodiversidad Escuela de Biología Universidad Industrial de Santander Bucaramanga Colombia
| | - Adolfo G. Navarro‐Sigüenza
- Museo de Zoología “Alfonso L. Herrera” Facultad de Ciencias Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México
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5
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Andersen MJ, McCullough JM, Gyllenhaal EF, Mapel XM, Haryoko T, Jønsson KA, Joseph L. Complex histories of gene flow and a mitochondrial capture event in a nonsister pair of birds. Mol Ecol 2021; 30:2087-2103. [PMID: 33615597 PMCID: PMC8252742 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hybridization, introgression, and reciprocal gene flow during speciation, specifically the generation of mitonuclear discordance, are increasingly observed as parts of the speciation process. Genomic approaches provide insight into where, when, and how adaptation operates during and after speciation and can measure historical and modern introgression. Whether adaptive or neutral in origin, hybridization can cause mitonuclear discordance by placing the mitochondrial genome of one species (or population) in the nuclear background of another species. The latter, introgressed species may eventually have its own mtDNA replaced or “captured” by other species across its entire geographical range. Intermediate stages in the capture process should be observable. Two nonsister species of Australasian monarch‐flycatchers, Spectacled Monarch (Symposiachrus trivirgatus) mostly of Australia and Indonesia and Spot‐winged Monarch (S. guttula) of New Guinea, present an opportunity to observe this process. We analysed thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) derived from ultraconserved elements of all subspecies of both species. Mitochondrial DNA sequences of Australian populations of S. trivirgatus form two paraphyletic clades, one being sister to and presumably introgressed by S. guttula despite little nuclear signal of introgression. Population genetic analyses (e.g., tests for modern and historical gene flow and selection) support at least one historical gene flow event between S. guttula and Australian S. trivirgatus. We also uncovered introgression from the Maluku Islands subspecies of S. trivirgatus into an island population of S. guttula, resulting in apparent nuclear paraphyly. We find that neutral demographic processes, not adaptive introgression, are the most likely cause of these complex population histories. We suggest that a Pleistocene extinction of S. guttula from mainland Australia resulted from range expansion by S. trivirgatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Andersen
- Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Jenna M McCullough
- Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Ethan F Gyllenhaal
- Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Xena M Mapel
- Department of Biology and Museum of Southwestern Biology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.,Animal Genomics, ETH Zürich, Lindau, Switzerland
| | - Tri Haryoko
- Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Centre for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong, Indonesia
| | - Knud A Jønsson
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Leo Joseph
- Australian National Wildlife Collection, CSIRO National Research Collections, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Ewart KM, Johnson RN, Joseph L, Ogden R, Frankham GJ, Lo N. Phylogeography of the iconic Australian pink cockatoo, Lophochroa leadbeateri. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blaa225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The pink cockatoo (Lophochroa leadbeateri; or Major Mitchell’s cockatoo) is one of Australia’s most iconic bird species. Two subspecies based on morphology are separated by a biogeographical divide, the Eyrean Barrier. Testing the genetic basis for this subspecies delineation, clarifying barriers to gene flow and identifying any cryptic genetic diversity will likely have important implications for conservation and management. Here, we used genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and mitochondrial DNA data to conduct the first range-wide genetic assessment of the species. The aims were to investigate the phylogeography of the pink cockatoo, to characterize conservation units and to reassess subspecies boundaries. We found consistent but weak genetic structure between the two subspecies based on nuclear SNPs. However, phylogenetic analysis of nuclear SNPs and mitochondrial DNA sequence data did not recover reciprocally monophyletic groups, indicating incomplete evolutionary separation between the subspecies. Consequently, we have proposed that the two currently recognized subspecies be treated as separate management units rather than evolutionarily significant units. Given that poaching is suspected to be a threat to this species, we assessed the utility of our data for wildlife forensic applications. We demonstrated that a subspecies identification test could be designed using as few as 20 SNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle M Ewart
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Centre for Wildlife Genomics, Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rebecca N Johnson
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Centre for Wildlife Genomics, Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leo Joseph
- Australian National Wildlife Collection, National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Rob Ogden
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Greta J Frankham
- Australian Centre for Wildlife Genomics, Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Forensic Science, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - Nathan Lo
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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7
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McCall BL, Fluker BL. Spatiotemporal population dynamics of the Caddo Madtom (Noturus taylori), a narrow-range endemic of the Ouachita Highlands. CONSERV GENET 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-020-01260-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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8
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Balmori-de la Puente A, Nores C, Román J, Fernández-González A, Aymerich P, Gosálbez J, Escoda L, Castresana J. Size increase without genetic divergence in the Eurasian water shrew Neomys fodiens. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17375. [PMID: 31758027 PMCID: PMC6874603 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53891-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
When a population shows a marked morphological change, it is important to know whether that population is genetically distinct; if it is not, the novel trait could correspond to an adaptation that might be of great ecological interest. Here, we studied a subspecies of water shrew, Neomys fodiens niethammeri, which is found in a narrow strip of the northern Iberian Peninsula. This subspecies presents an abrupt increase in skull size when compared to the rest of the Eurasian population, which has led to the suggestion that it is actually a different species. Skulls obtained from owl pellets collected over the last 50 years allowed us to perform a morphometric analysis in addition to an extensive multilocus analysis based on short intron fragments successfully amplified from these degraded samples. Interestingly, no genetic divergence was detected using either mitochondrial or nuclear data. Additionally, an allele frequency analysis revealed no significant genetic differentiation. The absence of genetic divergence and differentiation revealed here indicate that the large form of N. fodiens does not correspond to a different species and instead represents an extreme case of size increase, of possible adaptive value, which deserves further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Balmori-de la Puente
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Nores
- Indurot, Universidad de Oviedo, Campus de Mieres, 33600, Mieres, Asturias, Spain
| | - Jacinto Román
- Department of Conservation Biology, Doñana Biological Station, CSIC, Calle Americo Vespucio 26, 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Joaquim Gosálbez
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 645, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Escoda
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Castresana
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
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9
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Fluker BL, Jones KD, Kuhajda BR. Genetic structure and diversity of the blueface darter Etheostoma cyanoprosopum, a microendemic freshwater fish in the southeastern USA. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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10
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Hackworth ZJ, Cox JJ, Felch JM, Weegman MD. A Growing Conspiracy: Recolonization of Common Ravens (Corvus corax) in Central and Southern Appalachia, USA. SOUTHEAST NAT 2019. [DOI: 10.1656/058.018.0208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J. Hackworth
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546
| | - John J. Cox
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546
| | - Joshua M. Felch
- Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546
| | - Mitch D. Weegman
- School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211
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11
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Population Genomics and Structure of the Critically Endangered Mariana Crow ( Corvus kubaryi). Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10030187. [PMID: 30832245 PMCID: PMC6471520 DOI: 10.3390/genes10030187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mariana Crow, or Åga (Corvus kubaryi), is a critically endangered species (IUCN -International Union for Conservation of Nature), endemic to the islands of Guam and Rota in the Mariana Archipelago. It is locally extinct on Guam, and numbers have declined dramatically on Rota to a historical low of less than 55 breeding pairs throughout the island in 2013. Because of its extirpation on Guam and population decline on Rota, it is of critical importance to assess the genetic variation among individuals to assist ongoing recovery efforts. We conducted a population genomics analysis comparing the Guam and Rota populations and studied the genetic structure of the Rota population. We used blood samples from five birds from Guam and 78 birds from Rota. We identified 145,552 candidate single nucleotide variants (SNVs) from a genome sequence of an individual from Rota and selected a subset of these to develop an oligonucleotide in-solution capture assay. The Guam and Rota populations were genetically differentiated from each other. Crow populations sampled broadly across their range on Rota showed significant genetic structuring – a surprising result given the small size of this island and the good flight capabilities of the species. Knowledge of its genetic structure will help improve management strategies to help with its recovery.
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12
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Rocha-Méndez A, Sánchez-González LA, Arbeláez-Cortés E, Navarro-Sigüenza AG. Phylogeography indicates incomplete genetic divergence among phenotypically differentiated montane forest populations of Atlapetesalbinucha (Aves, Passerellidae). Zookeys 2019:125-148. [PMID: 30598618 PMCID: PMC6306474 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.809.28743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The White-naped Brushfinch (Atlapetesalbinucha) comprises up to eight allopatric subspecies mainly identified by the color of the underparts (gray vs. yellow belly). Yellow and gray bellied forms were long considered two different species (A.albinucha and A.gutturalis), but they are presently considered as one polytypic species. Previous studies in the genus Atlapetes have shown that the phylogeny, based on molecular data, is not congruent with characters such as coloration, ecology, or distributional patterns. The phylogeography of A.albinucha was analyzed using two mitochondrial DNA regions from samples including 24 different localities throughout montane areas from eastern Mexico to Colombia. Phylogeographic analyses using Bayesian inference, maximum likelihood and haplotype network revealed incomplete geographic structure. The genetic diversity pattern is congruent with a recent process of expansion, which is also supported by Ecological Niche Models (ENM) constructed for the species and projected into three past scenarios. Overall, the results revealed an incomplete genetic divergence among populations of A.albinucha in spite of the species’ ample range, which contrasts with previous results of phylogeographic patterns in other Neotropical montane forest bird species, suggesting idiosyncratic evolutionary histories for different taxa throughout the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Rocha-Méndez
- Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-399, México City 04510, México Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City Mexico
| | - Luis A Sánchez-González
- Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-399, México City 04510, México Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City Mexico
| | - Enrique Arbeláez-Cortés
- Grupo de Estudios en Biodiversidad, Escuela de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Carrera 27 Calle 9. Bucaramanga, Santander, Colombia Universidad Industrial de Santander Bucaramanga Colombia
| | - Adolfo G Navarro-Sigüenza
- Museo de Zoología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-399, México City 04510, México Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México City Mexico
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Kearns AM, Malloy JF, Gobbert MK, Thierry A, Joseph L, Driskell AC, Omland KE. Nuclear introns help unravel the diversification history of the Australo-Pacific Petroica robins. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 131:48-54. [PMID: 30367975 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Australo-Pacific Petroica robins are known for their striking variability in sexual plumage coloration. Molecular studies in recent years have revised the taxonomy of species and subspecies boundaries across the southwest Pacific and New Guinea. However, these studies have not been able to resolve phylogenetic relationships within Petroica owing to limited sampling of the nuclear genome. Here, we sequence five nuclear introns across all species for which fresh tissue was available. Nuclear loci offer support for major geographic lineages that were first inferred from mtDNA. We find almost no shared nuclear alleles between currently recognized species within the New Zealand and Australian lineages, whereas the Pacific robin radiation has many shared alleles. Multilocus coalescent species trees based on nuclear loci support a sister relationship between the Australian lineage and the Pacific robin radiation-a node that is poorly supported by mtDNA. We also find discordance in support for a sister relationship between the similarly plumaged Rose Robin (P. rosea) and Pink Robin (P. rodinogaster). Our nuclear data complement previous mtDNA studies in suggesting that the phenotypically cryptic eastern and western populations of Australia's Scarlet Robin (P. boodang) are genetically distinct lineages at the early stages of divergence and speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Kearns
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Biological Sciences, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
| | - John F Malloy
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Biological Sciences, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA; University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Matthias K Gobbert
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
| | - Aude Thierry
- University of Canterbury, School of Biological Sciences, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
| | - Leo Joseph
- Australian National Wildlife Collection, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Amy C Driskell
- Laboratories of Analytical Biology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013, USA
| | - Kevin E Omland
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Department of Biological Sciences, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA
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14
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Sampaio L, Aleixo A, Schneider H, Sampaio I, Araripe J, Rêgo PSD. Molecular and plumage analyses indicate the incomplete separation of two woodpeckers (Aves, Picidae). ZOOL SCR 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Sampaio
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros; Universidade Federal do Pará; Bragança Pará Brazil
| | - Alexandre Aleixo
- Coordenação de Zoologia; Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi; Belém Pará Brazil
| | - Horacio Schneider
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros; Universidade Federal do Pará; Bragança Pará Brazil
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros; Universidade Federal do Pará; Bragança Pará Brazil
| | - Juliana Araripe
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros; Universidade Federal do Pará; Bragança Pará Brazil
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15
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Kearns AM, Restani M, Szabo I, Schrøder-Nielsen A, Kim JA, Richardson HM, Marzluff JM, Fleischer RC, Johnsen A, Omland KE. Genomic evidence of speciation reversal in ravens. Nat Commun 2018; 9:906. [PMID: 29500409 PMCID: PMC5834606 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03294-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Many species, including humans, have emerged via complex reticulate processes involving hybridisation. Under certain circumstances, hybridisation can cause distinct lineages to collapse into a single lineage with an admixed mosaic genome. Most known cases of such 'speciation reversal' or 'lineage fusion' involve recently diverged lineages and anthropogenic perturbation. Here, we show that in western North America, Common Ravens (Corvus corax) have admixed mosaic genomes formed by the fusion of non-sister lineages ('California' and 'Holarctic') that diverged ~1.5 million years ago. Phylogenomic analyses and concordant patterns of geographic structuring in mtDNA, genome-wide SNPs and nuclear introns demonstrate long-term admixture and random interbreeding between the non-sister lineages. In contrast, our genomic data support reproductive isolation between Common Ravens and Chihuahuan Ravens (C. cryptoleucus) despite extensive geographic overlap and a sister relationship between Chihuahuan Ravens and the California lineage. These data suggest that the Common Raven genome was formed by secondary lineage fusion and most likely represents a case of ancient speciation reversal that occurred without anthropogenic causes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Kearns
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA.
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, 20013-7012, DC, USA.
| | - Marco Restani
- Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, 720 Fourth Avenue, St. Cloud, MN, 56301-4498, USA
| | - Ildiko Szabo
- Cowan Tetrapod Collection, Beaty Biodiversity Museum, University of British Columbia, 2212 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | | | - Jin Ah Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
| | - Hayley M Richardson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
| | - John M Marzluff
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Box 352100, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Robert C Fleischer
- Center for Conservation Genomics, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, 20013-7012, DC, USA
| | - Arild Johnsen
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1172 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kevin E Omland
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
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Dai C, Hao Y, He Y, Lei F. The absence of reproductive isolation between non-sister and deeply diverged mitochondrial lineages of the black-throated tit (Aegithalos concinnus) revealed by a multilocus genetic analysis in a contact zone. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:266. [PMID: 29262786 PMCID: PMC5738821 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-017-1114-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A deep divergence of mitochondrial DNA is common in species delimitated by morphological traits. Several hypotheses can explain such variations, such as cryptic species, introgression, allopatric divergence and ancestral lineage. The black-throated tit harbors several deeply divergent mitochondrial lineages. Two lineages with 5% divergence, but having a high level of gene flow, have been detected in its subspecies, A. C. concinnus and A. c. talifuenses. In this study, we conducted a genetic analysis at a contact zone of these two lineages to identify whether these lineages either reflect a high level of intraspecific variation in mitochondrial loci or represent incipient speciation. Mitochondrial ND2 and 11 microsatellite loci were used to conduct phylogenetic and population structure analyses. RESULTS ND2 haplotypes actually diverged into two groups within subspecies A. c. talifuenses; however, they formed a non-sister relationship when including all available GenBank ND2 sequences. Analyses of microsatellite data indicated no existing population structure and showed a pattern of isolation by distance. Individuals sampled at the contact zone were almost identified as F2 hybrids. CONCLUSIONS Isolation for 2.4 Ma, as suggested by a previous study, appeared to be insufficient to develop robust reproductive barriers. Reproductive barriers were weak, or even absent between the divergent lineages, highlighting that incipient speciation was unlikely to be the case. Considering the results from previous studies, the divergent lineages may be better explained by secondary contact after allopatric isolation because of Pleistocene climate changes, but other hypotheses cannot be definitively ruled out because of the lack of representative samples from the other distribution region and its relatives. Considering that divergence in morphology was hardly observed and the particular split in genetics, the two subspecies might be better merged. The current findings also highlight the likely contribution of male-biased dispersal to male-biased gene flow among mitochondrial lineages; more efforts are needed to illustrate the evolutionary history of the black-throated tit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanyin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal College, Gaoxin Road 115, Guiyang, Guizhou 550018 China
| | - Yan Hao
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen Xi Road 1, Beijing, 100101 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yong He
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal College, Gaoxin Road 115, Guiyang, Guizhou 550018 China
| | - Fumin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beichen Xi Road 1, Beijing, 100101 China
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17
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Judkins ME, van Den Bussche RA. Holarctic phylogeography of golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) and evaluation of alternative North American management approaches. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Johnsen A, Kearns AM, Omland KE, Anmarkrud JA. Sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome of the common raven Corvus corax (Aves: Corvidae) confirms mitogenome-wide deep lineages and a paraphyletic relationship with the Chihuahuan raven C. cryptoleucus. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187316. [PMID: 29084259 PMCID: PMC5662180 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies based on single mitochondrial markers have shown that the common raven (Corvus corax) consists of two highly diverged lineages that are hypothesised to have undergone speciation reversal upon secondary contact. Furthermore, common ravens are paraphyletic with respect to the Chihuahuan raven (C. cryptoleucus) based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Here we explore the causes of mtDNA paraphyly by sequencing whole mitochondrial genomes of 12 common ravens from across the Northern Hemisphere, in addition to three Chihuahuan ravens and one closely related brown-necked raven (C. ruficollis) using a long-range PCR protocol. Our raven mitogenomes ranged between 16925–16928 bp in length. GC content varied from 43.3% to 43.8% and the 13 protein coding genes, two rRNAs and 22 tRNAs followed a standard avian mitochondrial arrangement. The overall divergence between the two common raven clades was 3% (range 0.3–5.8% in 16 regions including the protein coding genes, rRNAs and the control region). Phylogenies constructed from whole mitogenomes recovered the previously found mitochondrial sister relationship between the common raven California clade and the Chihuahuan raven (overall divergence 1.1%), which strengthens the hypothesis that mtDNA paraphyly in the common raven results from speciation reversal of previously distinct Holarctic and California lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arild Johnsen
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna M. Kearns
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Kevin E. Omland
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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19
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Species delimitation in asexual insects of economic importance: The case of black scale (Parasaissetia nigra), a cosmopolitan parthenogenetic pest scale insect. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175889. [PMID: 28459805 PMCID: PMC5411049 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Asexual lineages provide a challenge to species delimitation because species concepts either have little biological meaning for them or are arbitrary, since every individual is monophyletic and reproductively isolated from all other individuals. However, recognition and naming of asexual species is important to conservation and economic applications. Some scale insects are widespread and polyphagous pests of plants, and several species have been found to comprise cryptic species complexes. Parasaissetia nigra (Nietner, 1861) (Hemiptera: Coccidae) is a parthenogenetic, cosmopolitan and polyphagous pest that feeds on plant species from more than 80 families. Here, we implement multiple approaches to assess the species status of P. nigra, including coalescence-based analyses of mitochondrial and nuclear genes, and ecological niche modelling. Our results indicate that the sampled specimens of P. nigra should be considered to comprise at least two ecotypes (or "species") that are ecologically differentiated, particularly in relation to temperature and moisture. The presence of more than one ecotype under the current concept of P. nigra has implications for biosecurity because the geographic extent of each type is not fully known: some countries may currently have only one of the biotypes. Introduction of additional lineages could expand the geographic extent of damage by the pest in some countries.
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20
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McLean AJ, Toon A, Schmidt DJ, Hughes JM, Joseph L. Phylogeography and geno-phenotypic discordance in a widespread Australian bird, the Variegated Fairy-wren, Malurus lamberti (Aves: Maluridae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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21
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Sturge RJ, Cortés-Rodríguez MN, Rojas-Soto OR, Omland KE. Nuclear locus divergence at the early stages of speciation in the Orchard Oriole complex. Ecol Evol 2016; 6:4307-17. [PMID: 27386077 PMCID: PMC4930982 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Revised: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As two lineages diverge from one another, mitochondrial DNA should evolve fixed differences more rapidly than nuclear DNA due to its smaller effective population size and faster mutation rate. As a consequence, molecular systematists have focused on the criteria of reciprocal monophyly in mitochondrial DNA for delimiting species boundaries. However, mitochondrial gene trees do not necessarily reflect the evolutionary history of the taxa in question, and even mitochondrial loci are not expected to be reciprocally monophyletic when the speciation event happened very recently. The goal of this study was to examine mitochondrial paraphyly within the Orchard Oriole complex, which is composed of Icterus spurius (Orchard Oriole) and Icterus fuertesi (Fuertes' Oriole). We increased the geographic sampling, added four nuclear loci, and used a range of population genetic and coalescent methods to examine the divergence between the taxa. With increased taxon sampling, we found evidence of clear structure between the taxa for mitochondrial DNA. However, nuclear loci showed little evidence of population structure, indicating a very recent divergence between I. spurius and I. fuertesi. Another goal was to examine the genetic variation within each taxon to look for evidence of a past founder event within the I. fuertesi lineage. Based on the high amounts of genetic variation for all nuclear loci, we found no evidence of such an event – thus, we found no support for the possible founding of I. fuertesi through a change in migratory behavior, followed by peripheral isolates speciation. Our results demonstrate that these two taxa are in the earliest stages of speciation, at a point when they have fixed differences in plumage color that are not reflected in monophyly of the mitochondrial or nuclear DNA markers in this study. This very recent divergence makes them ideal for continued studies of species boundaries and the earliest stages of speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel J Sturge
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore Maryland 21052
| | - M Nandadevi Cortés-Rodríguez
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore Maryland 21052
| | - Octavio R Rojas-Soto
- Red de Biología Evolutiva Instituto de Ecología (INECOL) Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351 Xalapa 91070 Mexico
| | - Kevin E Omland
- Department of Biological Sciences University of Maryland Baltimore County 1000 Hilltop Circle Baltimore Maryland 21052
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22
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Mechanisms of global diversification in the marine species Madeiran Storm-petrel Oceanodroma castro and Monteiro’s Storm-petrel O. monteiroi: Insights from a multi-locus approach. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 98:314-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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23
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Silva MC, Matias R, Wanless RM, Ryan PG, Stephenson BM, Bolton M, Ferrand N, Coelho MM. Understanding the mechanisms of antitropical divergence in the seabird White-faced Storm-petrel (Procellariiformes: Pelagodroma marina) using a multilocus approach. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:3122-37. [PMID: 25903359 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Analytical methods that apply coalescent theory to multilocus data have improved inferences of demographic parameters that are critical to understanding population divergence and speciation. In particular, at the early stages of speciation, it is important to implement models that accommodate conflicting gene trees, and benefit from the presence of shared polymorphisms. Here, we employ eleven nuclear loci and the mitochondrial control region to investigate the phylogeography and historical demography of the pelagic seabird White-faced Storm-petrel (Pelagodroma marina) by sampling subspecies across its antitropical distribution. Groups are all highly differentiated: global mitochondrial ΦST = 0.89 (P < 0.01) and global nuclear ΦST varies between 0.22 and 0.83 (all P < 0.01). The complete lineage sorting of the mitochondrial locus between hemispheres is corroborated by approximately half of the nuclear genealogies, suggesting a long-term antitropical divergence in isolation. Coalescent-based estimates of demographic parameters suggest that hemispheric divergence of P. marina occurred approximately 840 000 ya (95% HPD 582 000-1 170 000), in the absence of gene flow, and divergence within the Southern Hemisphere occurred 190 000 ya (95% HPD 96 000-600 000), both probably associated with the profound palaeo-oceanographic changes of the Pleistocene. A fledgling sampled in St Helena (tropical South Atlantic) suggests recent colonization from the Northern Hemisphere. Despite the great potential for long-distance dispersal, P. marina antitropical groups have been evolving as independent, allopatric lineages, and divergence is probably maintained by philopatry coupled with asynchronous reproductive phenology and local adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica C Silva
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rafael Matias
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Penryn, TR10 9EZ, UK.,Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, 1149-041, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ross M Wanless
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa.,Seabird Conservation Program, BirdLife South Africa, PO Box 7119, Roggebaai, 8012, South Africa
| | - Peter G Ryan
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa
| | - Brent M Stephenson
- Eco-Vista: Photography & Research Ltd, PO Box 157, Bay View, Napier, 4149, New Zealand
| | - Mark Bolton
- RSPB Centre for Conservation Science, Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, The Lodge, Sandy, Beds, SG19 2DL, UK
| | - Nuno Ferrand
- CIBIO, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrário Vairão, 4485-661, Vairão, Portugal
| | - M Manuela Coelho
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
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24
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Stewart JR, Jacobi RM. The long term response of birds to climate change: new results from a cold stage avifauna in northern England. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0122617. [PMID: 25992609 PMCID: PMC4439125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0122617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The early MIS 3 (55–40 Kyr BP associated with Middle Palaeolithic archaeology) bird remains from Pin Hole, Creswell Crags, Derbyshire, England are analysed in the context of the new dating of the site’s stratigraphy. The analysis is restricted to the material from the early MIS 3 level of the cave because the upper fauna is now known to include Holocene material as well as that from the Late Glacial. The results of the analysis confirm the presence of the taxa, possibly unexpected for a Late Pleistocene glacial deposit including records such as Alpine swift, demoiselle crane and long-legged buzzard with southern and/or eastern distributions today. These taxa are accompanied by more expected ones such as willow ptarmigan /red grouse and rock ptarmigan living today in northern and montane areas. Finally, there are temperate taxa normally requiring trees for nesting such as wood pigeon and grey heron. Therefore, the result of the analysis is that the avifauna of early MIS 3 in England included taxa whose ranges today do not overlap making it a non-analogue community similar to the many steppe-tundra mammalian faunas of the time. The inclusion of more temperate and woodland taxa is discussed in the light that parts of northern Europe may have acted as cryptic northern refugia for some such taxa during the last glacial. These records showing former ranges of taxa are considered in the light of modern phylogeographic studies as these often assume former ranges without considering the fossil record of those taxa. In addition to the anomalous combination of taxa during MIS 3 living in Derbyshire, the individuals of a number of the taxa are different in size and shape to members of the species today probably due to the high carrying capacity of the steppe-tundra.
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Affiliation(s)
- John R. Stewart
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Roger M. Jacobi
- Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, United Kingdom
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25
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Oatley G, Simmons RE, Fuchs J. A molecular phylogeny of the harriers (Circus, Accipitridae) indicate the role of long distance dispersal and migration in diversification. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2015; 85:150-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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Aguilar C, Wood Jr PL, Cusi JC, Guzmán A, Huari F, Lundberg M, Mortensen E, Ramírez C, Robles D, Suárez J, Ticona A, Vargas VJ, Venegas PJ, Sites Jr JW. Integrative taxonomy and preliminary assessment of species limits in the Liolaemus walkeri complex (Squamata, Liolaemidae) with descriptions of three new species from Peru. Zookeys 2013; 364:47-91. [PMID: 24453545 PMCID: PMC3890664 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.364.6109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Species delimitation studies based on integrative taxonomic approaches have received considerable attention in the last few years, and have provided the strongest hypotheses of species boundaries. We used three lines of evidence (molecular, morphological, and niche envelopes) to test for species boundaries in Peruvian populations of the Liolaemus walkeri complex. Our results show that different lines of evidence and analyses are congruent in different combinations, for unambiguous delimitation of three lineages that were "hidden" within known species, and now deserve species status. Our phylogenetic analysis shows that L. walkeri, L. tacnae and the three new species are strongly separated from other species assigned to the alticolor-bibronii group. Few conventional morphological characters distinguish the new species from closely related taxa and this highlights the need to integrate other sources of data to erect strong hypothesis of species limits. A taxonomic key for known Peruvian species of the subgenus Lioalemus is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- César Aguilar
- Department of Biology and Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University (BYU), Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de San Marcos (MUSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María, Lima, Peru
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas Antonio Raimondi, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
| | - Perry L. Wood Jr
- Department of Biology and Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University (BYU), Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Juan C. Cusi
- Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de San Marcos (MUSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María, Lima, Peru
| | - Alfredo Guzmán
- Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de San Marcos (MUSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María, Lima, Peru
| | - Frank Huari
- Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de San Marcos (MUSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María, Lima, Peru
| | - Mikael Lundberg
- Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de San Marcos (MUSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María, Lima, Peru
| | - Emma Mortensen
- Department of Biology and Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University (BYU), Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - César Ramírez
- Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de San Marcos (MUSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María, Lima, Peru
| | - Daniel Robles
- Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de San Marcos (MUSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María, Lima, Peru
| | - Juana Suárez
- Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de San Marcos (MUSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María, Lima, Peru
| | - Andres Ticona
- Departamento de Herpetología, Museo de Historia Natural de San Marcos (MUSM), Av. Arenales 1256, Jesús María, Lima, Peru
| | - Víctor J. Vargas
- Asociación Pro Fauna Silvestre, Urb. Mariscal Cáceres Mz. L - Lt. 48, Huamanga, Ayacucho, Peru
| | - Pablo J. Venegas
- División de Herpetología-Centro de Ornitología y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Santa Rita N˚105 Of. 202, Urb. Huertos de San Antonio, Surco, Lima, Peru
| | - Jack W. Sites Jr
- Department of Biology and Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University (BYU), Provo, UT 84602, USA
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27
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Cortés-Rodríguez N, Jacobsen F, Hernandez-Baños BE, Navarro-Siguenza AG, Peters JL, Omland KE. Coalescent analyses show isolation without migration in two closely related tropical orioles: the case of Icterus graduacauda and Icterus chrysater. Ecol Evol 2013; 3:4377-87. [PMID: 24340179 PMCID: PMC3856738 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Isthmus of Tehuantepec has played an important role in shaping the avian diversity of Mexico, as well as the rest of the Western Hemisphere. It has been both a barrier and a land connector between North and South America for many groups of birds. Furthermore, climatic change over the Pleistocene has resulted in ecological fluctuations that led to periods of connection and isolation of the highlands in this area. Here we studied the divergence of two species of orioles whose distribution in the highlands is separated by the lowlands of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec: Icterus graduacauda (west of the Isthmus) and Icterus chrysater (east of the Isthmus). We sequenced multiple loci (one mitochondrial gene and six nuclear introns) and performed coalescent analyses (Isolation with Migration) to test whether their divergence resulted from prior occupancy of the ancestral area followed by a vicariant event or recent dispersal from one side or the other of this Isthmus. Results strongly indicate a vicariant event roughly 300,000 years ago in the Pleistocene followed by little or no gene flow. Both mitochondrial and nuclear genes show that the Isthmus of Tehuantepec is a strong barrier to gene flow. Thus, these two species appear to not exchange genes despite their recent divergence and the close geographic proximity of their ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandadevi Cortés-Rodríguez
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland-Baltimore County Baltimore, Maryland, 21250-0001
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28
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Uncovering cryptic evolutionary diversity in extant and extinct populations of the southern Australian arid zone Western and Thick-billed Grasswrens (Passeriformes: Maluridae: Amytornis). CONSERV GENET 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-013-0504-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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Birky CW. Species detection and identification in sexual organisms using population genetic theory and DNA sequences. PLoS One 2013; 8:e52544. [PMID: 23308113 PMCID: PMC3537722 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Phylogenetic trees of DNA sequences of a group of specimens may include clades of two kinds: those produced by stochastic processes (random genetic drift) within a species, and clades that represent different species. The ratio of the mean pairwise sequence difference between a pair of clades (K) to the mean pairwise sequence difference within a clade (θ) can be used to determine whether the clades are samples from different species (K/θ ≥ 4) or the same species (K/θ<4) with probability ≥ 0.95. Previously I applied this criterion to delimit species of asexual organisms. Here I use data from the literature to show how it can also be applied to delimit sexual species using four groups of sexual organisms as examples: ravens, spotted leopards, sea butterflies, and liverworts. Mitochondrial or chloroplast genes are used because these segregate earlier during speciation than most nuclear genes and hence detect earlier stages of speciation. In several cases the K/θ ratio was greater than 4, confirming the original authors' intuition that the clades were sufficiently different to be assigned to different species. But the K/θ ratio split each of two liverwort species into two evolutionary species, and showed that support for the distinction between the common and Chihuahuan raven species is weak. I also discuss some possible sources of error in using the K/θ ratio; the most significant one would be cases where males migrate between different populations but females do not, making the use of maternally inherited organelle genes problematic. The K/θ ratio must be used with some caution, like all other methods for species delimitation. Nevertheless, it is a simple theory-based quantitative method for using DNA sequences to make rigorous decisions about species delimitation in sexual as well as asexual eukaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C William Birky
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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30
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Holt BG, Lessard JP, Borregaard MK, Fritz SA, Araújo MB, Dimitrov D, Fabre PH, Graham CH, Graves GR, Jønsson KA, Nogués-Bravo D, Wang Z, Whittaker RJ, Fjeldså J, Rahbek C. An Update of Wallace’s Zoogeographic Regions of the World. Science 2012; 339:74-8. [PMID: 23258408 DOI: 10.1126/science.1228282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 516] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Modern attempts to produce biogeographic maps focus on the distribution of species, and the maps are typically drawn without phylogenetic considerations. Here, we generate a global map of zoogeographic regions by combining data on the distributions and phylogenetic relationships of 21,037 species of amphibians, birds, and mammals. We identify 20 distinct zoogeographic regions, which are grouped into 11 larger realms. We document the lack of support for several regions previously defined based on distributional data and show that spatial turnover in the phylogenetic composition of vertebrate assemblages is higher in the Southern than in the Northern Hemisphere. We further show that the integration of phylogenetic information provides valuable insight on historical relationships among regions, permitting the identification of evolutionarily unique regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben G Holt
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution, and Climate, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Rapson SA, Goldizen AW, Seddon JM. Species boundaries and possible hybridization between the black mongoose (Galerella nigrata) and the slender mongoose (Galerella sanguinea). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2012; 65:831-9. [PMID: 22940151 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Major climatic oscillations since the mid-Miocene climatic optimum are known to have played a key role in promoting speciation events. In this study we use molecular data to elucidate the evolutionary history of Galerella nigrata and link its divergence to known major climatic events. A total of 51 samples from G. nigrata and 17 from Galerella sanguinea were used to provide the first molecular evidence that G. nigrata may be a species in its own right. Both mitochondrial cytochrome b and the nuclear ß-fibrinogen intron seven sequences of G. nigrata form distinct monophyletic clades, separate from its sister species G. sanguinea. We estimate the divergence of these two species to have occurred 3.85-4.27 million years ago, coinciding with a period of the Plio-Pleistocene that was characterised by cooling global temperatures and strong aridity in southern Africa. However, evidence for potential hybridization between the two species was documented for ten individuals using phenotypic (pelage colouration) and/or molecular (nuclear and mtDNA sequences and microsatellite loci) data. There appeared to be a bias towards unidirectional hybridization with all potential hybrids showing mtDNA haplotypes from G. nigrata. We suggest that as the desert expanded across Namibia, G. sanguinea likely retreated with the savanna, leaving some mongooses stranded on the granite inselbergs of north-western Namibia. Subsequent adaptation of these mongooses to local conditions on granite inselbergs could have led to ecological speciation. Secondary contact zones would have been re-established with subsequent global warming events. It appears that the two species have not yet undergone complete reproductive isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Rapson
- The University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences, St. Lucia Campus, Australia.
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Kryukov A, Spiridonova L, Nakamura S, Haring E, Suzuki H. Comparative Phylogeography of Two Crow Species: Jungle Crow Corvus macrorhynchos and Carrion Crow Corvus corone. Zoolog Sci 2012; 29:484-92. [DOI: 10.2108/zsj.29.484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Kryukov
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Zoology and Genetics, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far East Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Liudmila Spiridonova
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Zoology and Genetics, Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far East Branch Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok 690022, Russia
| | - Sumio Nakamura
- Ornithological Society of Japan, Shinjuku, Tokyo 169-0075, Japan
| | - Elisabeth Haring
- Central Research Laboratories, Museum of Natural History, Burgring 7, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hitoshi Suzuki
- Laboratory of Ecology and Genetics, Graduate School of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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Montecinos A, Broitman BR, Faugeron S, Haye PA, Tellier F, Guillemin ML. Species replacement along a linear coastal habitat: phylogeography and speciation in the red alga Mazzaella laminarioides along the south east Pacific. BMC Evol Biol 2012; 12:97. [PMID: 22731925 PMCID: PMC3483259 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-12-97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Chilean shoreline, a nearly strait line of coast expanding across 35 latitudinal degrees, represents an interesting region to assess historical processes using phylogeographic analyses. Stretching along the temperate section of the East Pacific margin, the region is characterized by intense geologic activity and has experienced drastic geomorphological transformations linked to eustatic and isostatic changes during the Quaternary. In this study, we used two molecular markers to evaluate the existence of phylogeographic discontinuities and detect the genetic footprints of Pleistocene glaciations among Patagonian populations of Mazzaella laminarioides, a low-dispersal benthic intertidal red seaweed that inhabits along ~3,700 km of the Chilean coastal rocky shore. Results Three main genetic lineages were found within M. laminarioides. They are distributed along the Chilean coast in strict parapatry. The deep divergence among lineages suggests that they could be considered putative genetic sibling species. Unexpectedly, genetic breaks were not strictly concordant with the biogeographic breaks described in the region. A Northern lineage was restricted to a broad transition zone located between 30°S and 33°S and showed signals of a recent bottleneck. The reduction of population size could be related to warm events linked to El Niño Southern Oscillation, which is known to cause massive seaweed mortality in this region. To the south, we propose that transient habitat discontinuities driven by episodic tectonic uplifting of the shoreline around the Arauco region (37°S-38°S); one of the most active forearc-basins in the South East Pacific; could be at the origin of the Central/South genetic break. The large beaches, located around 38°S, are likely to contribute to the lineages’ integrity by limiting present gene flow. Finally, the Southern lineage, occupies an area affected by ice-cover during the last glaciations. Phylogeny suggested it is a derived clade and demographic analyses showed the lineage has a typical signature of postglacial recolonization from a northern glacial refugium area. Conclusions Even if environmental adaptation could have strengthened divergence among lineages in M. laminarioides, low dispersal capacity and small population size are sufficient to generate phylogeographic discontinuities determined by genetic drift alone. Interestingly, our results confirm that seaweed population connectivity over large geographic scales does not rely only on dispersal capacity but also seem to depend highly on substratum availability and population density of the receiving locality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Montecinos
- Instituto de Ciencias Ambientales y Evolutivas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile
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Haring E, Däubl B, Pinsker W, Kryukov A, Gamauf A. Genetic divergences and intraspecific variation in corvids of the genus Corvus (Aves: Passeriformes: Corvidae) - a first survey based on museum specimens. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2012.00664.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Kearns AM, Joseph L, Omland KE, Cook LG. Testing the effect of transient Plio-Pleistocene barriers in monsoonal Australo-Papua: did mangrove habitats maintain genetic connectivity in the Black Butcherbird? Mol Ecol 2011; 20:5042-59. [PMID: 22060632 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05330.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Changes in climate and sea level are hypothesized to have promoted the diversification of biota in monsoonal Australia and New Guinea by causing repeated range disjunctions and restricting gene flow between isolated populations. Using a multilocus (one mtDNA locus, five nuclear introns) phylogeographic approach, we test whether populations of the mangrove and rainforest restricted Black Butcherbird (Cracticus quoyi) have diverged across several geographic barriers defined a priori for this region. Phylogeographic structure and estimates of divergence times revealed Plio-Pleistocene divergences and long-term restricted gene flow of populations on either side of four major geographic barriers between and within Australia and New Guinea. Overall, our data are consistent with the hypothesis that mesic-adapted species did not disperse across the open dry woodlands and grasslands that dominated the transient palaeo-landbridges during the Plio-Pleistocene despite the presence of mangrove forests that might have acted as dispersal corridors for mesic-adapted species. Our study offers one of the first multilocus perspectives on the impact of changes in climate and sea level on the population history of widespread species with disjunct ranges in Australia and New Guinea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Kearns
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
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BEAVIS AMBERS, SUNNUCKS PAUL, ROWELL DAVIDM. Microhabitat preferences drive phylogeographic disparities in two Australian funnel web spiders. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01753.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Heideman NJL, Mulcahy DG, Sites JW, Hendricks MGJ, Daniels SR. Cryptic diversity and morphological convergence in threatened species of fossorial skinks in the genus Scelotes (Squamata: Scincidae) from the Western Cape Coast of South Africa: implications for species boundaries, digit reduction and conservation. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2011; 61:823-33. [PMID: 21907812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 08/20/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the evolutionary relationships among populations of two threatened Red Data Book fossorial skinks, Scelotes gronovii and Scelotes kasneri, along the Western Cape Coast of South Africa. The genus Scelotes shows considerable variation in limb and digit reduction. We sampled four localities purported to contain S. gronovii and seven of S. kasneri, encompassing all of each species' limited distribution. Each of these species lack forelimbs, and differ by the number of digits on the hind limbs, among other morphological characters; S. gronovii bears a single digit and S. kasneri bears two digits on the hind limbs. Sequence data obtained from three mtDNA (16S ribosomal RNA, cytochrome b, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase 1 unit; 2035 bp ttl.) and two nuclear (dynein axonemal heavy chain 3 and the natural killer tumor recognition; 1848 bp ttl.) gene regions were used to reconstruct the evolutionary relationships among the two focal species and several other co-distributed species (Scelotes bipes, Scelotes montispectus, and Scelotes sexlineatus). Phylogenetic results (Bayesian and parsimony) revealed that several populations previously considered S. kasneri actually belong to other species, and others are paraphyletic with respect to one another. Additionally, populations of S. gronovii were also found to be paraphyletic, with populations south of the Berg River supported as sister to S. bipes, and populations north of the Berg River sister the remaining sampled species. Our results require a redefinition of S. sexlineatus to encompass populations morphologically convergent with S. kasneri and restrict the ranges of the already threatened S. kasneri and S. gronovii even further. The paraphyly of S. gronovii and the placement of each clade as sister to clades of species bearing two digits on the hind limbs suggests that digit loss has occurred at least twice in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J L Heideman
- Office of the Dean, University of the Free State, PO Box 339, Bloemfontein, South Africa.
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Phylogeography of a vanishing North American songbird: the Painted Bunting (Passerina ciris). CONSERV GENET 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-011-0237-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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CABANNE GUSTAVOS, D'HORTA FERNANDOM, MEYER DIOGO, SILVA JOSÉMC, MIYAKI CRISTINAY. Evolution of Dendrocolaptes platyrostris (Aves: Furnariidae) between the South American open vegetation corridor and the Atlantic forest. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2011. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2011.01678.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Smith BT, Escalante P, Hernández Baños BE, Navarro-Sigüenza AG, Rohwer S, Klicka J. The role of historical and contemporary processes on phylogeographic structure and genetic diversity in the Northern Cardinal, Cardinalis cardinalis. BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:136. [PMID: 21599972 PMCID: PMC3112092 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 05/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Earth history events such as climate change are believed to have played a major role in shaping patterns of genetic structure and diversity in species. However, there is a lag between the time of historical events and the collection of present-day samples that are used to infer contemporary population structure. During this lag phase contemporary processes such as dispersal or non-random mating can erase or reinforce population differences generated by historical events. In this study we evaluate the role of both historical and contemporary processes on the phylogeography of a widespread North American songbird, the Northern Cardinal, Cardinalis cardinalis. Results Phylogenetic analysis revealed deep mtDNA structure with six lineages across the species' range. Ecological niche models supported the same geographic breaks revealed by the mtDNA. A paleoecological niche model for the Last Glacial Maximum indicated that cardinals underwent a dramatic range reduction in eastern North America, whereas their ranges were more stable in México. In eastern North America cardinals expanded out of glacial refugia, but we found no signature of decreased genetic diversity in areas colonized after the Last Glacial Maximum. Present-day demographic data suggested that population growth across the expansion cline is positively correlated with latitude. We propose that there was no loss of genetic diversity in areas colonized after the Last Glacial Maximum because recent high-levels of gene flow across the region have homogenized genetic diversity in eastern North America. Conclusion We show that both deep historical events as well as demographic processes that occurred following these events are critical in shaping genetic pattern and diversity in C. cardinalis. The general implication of our results is that patterns of genetic diversity are best understood when information on species history, ecology, and demography are considered simultaneously.
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WEBB WILLIAMC, MARZLUFF JOHNM, OMLAND KEVINE. Random interbreeding between cryptic lineages of the Common Raven: evidence for speciation in reverse. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:2390-402. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cooper JD, Waser PM, Gopurenko D, Hellgren EC, Gabor TM, DeWoody JA. Measuring sex-biased dispersal in social mammals: comparisons of nuclear and mitochondrial genes in collared peccaries. J Mammal 2010. [DOI: 10.1644/09-mamm-a-313.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Arbeláez-Cortés E, Nyári AS, Navarro-Sigüenza AG. The differential effect of lowlands on the phylogeographic pattern of a Mesoamerican montane species (Lepidocolaptes affinis, Aves: Furnariidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 57:658-68. [PMID: 20601011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Revised: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Arbeláez-Cortés
- Museo de Zoología, Departamento de Biología Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-399, México D.F. 04510, Mexico.
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Rosell JA, Olson ME, Weeks A, De-Nova JA, Lemos RM, Camacho JP, Feria TP, Gómez-Bermejo R, Montero JC, Eguiarte LE. Diversification in species complexes: Tests of species origin and delimitation in the Bursera simaruba clade of tropical trees (Burseraceae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2010; 57:798-811. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2010] [Revised: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Faustová M, Sacherová V, Sheets HD, Svensson JE, Taylor DJ. Coexisting cyclic parthenogens comprise a holocene species flock in Eubosmina. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11623. [PMID: 20661283 PMCID: PMC2905414 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed breeding systems with extended clonal phases and weak sexual recruitment are widespread in nature but often thought to impede the formation of discrete evolutionary clusters. Thus, cyclic parthenogens, such as cladocerans and rotifers, could be predisposed to "species problems" and a lack of discrete species. However, species flocks have been proposed for one cladoceran group, Eubosmina, where putative species are sympatric, and there is a detailed paleolimnological record indicating a Holocene age. These factors make the Eubosmina system suitable for testing the hypotheses that extended clonal phases and weak sexual recruitment inhibit speciation. Although common garden experiments have revealed a genetic component to the morphotypic variation, the evolutionary significance of the morphotypes remains controversial. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In the present study, we tested the hypothesis of a single polymorphic species (i.e., mixing occurs but selection maintains genes for morphology) in four northern European lakes where the morphotypes coexist. Our evidence is based on nuclear DNA sequence, mitochondrial DNA sequence, and morphometric analysis of coexisting morphotypes. We found significant genetic differentiation, genealogical exclusivity, and morphometric differentiation for coexisting morphotypes. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that the studied morphotypes represent a group of young species undergoing speciation with apparent reproductive barriers despite coexistence in the freshwater pelagic zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Faustová
- Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, United States of America.
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Costanzo KS, Taylor DJ. Rapid ecological isolation and intermediate genetic divergence in lacustrine cyclic parthenogens. BMC Evol Biol 2010; 10:166. [PMID: 20525388 PMCID: PMC2895610 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2009] [Accepted: 06/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ecological shifts can promote rapid divergence and speciation. However, the role of ecological speciation in animals that reproduce predominantly asexually with periodic sex and strong dispersal, such as lacustrine cladocerans, is poorly understood. These life history traits may slow or prevent ecological lineage formation among populations. Proponents of the postglacial ecological isolation hypothesis for Daphnia suggest that some species have formed postglacially in adjacent, but ecologically different habitats. We tested this hypothesis with ecological, morphological, and multilocus coalescence analyses in the putative lacustrine sister species, Daphnia parvula and Daphnia retrocurva. Results Daphnia parvula and D. retrocurva showed strong habitat separation with rare co-occurrence. Lakes inhabited by D. parvula were smaller in size and contained lower densities of invertebrate predators compared to lakes containing D. retrocurva. In the laboratory, D. retrocurva was less vulnerable to invertebrate predation, whereas D. parvula was less vulnerable to vertebrate predation and was smaller and more transparent than D. retrocurva. The species are significantly differentiated at mitochondrial and nuclear loci and form an intermediate genetic divergence pattern between panmixia and reciprocal monophyly. Coalescence and population genetic modelling indicate a Late or Post Glacial time of divergence with a demographic expansion. Conclusions Despite their young age and mixed breeding system, D. parvula and D. retrocurva exhibit significant ecological and genetic divergence that is coincident with the formation of deep temperate glacial lakes. We propose that predation may have facilitated the rapid divergence between D. parvula and D. retrocurva and that intermediate divergence of aquatic cyclic parthenogens is likely more common than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie S Costanzo
- Department of Biological Sciences, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA.
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CAMPAGNA LEONARDO, LIJTMAER DARÍOA, KERR KEVINCR, BARREIRA ANAS, HEBERT PAULDN, LOUGHEED STEPHENC, TUBARO PABLOL. DNA barcodes provide new evidence of a recent radiation in the genus
Sporophila
(Aves: Passeriformes). Mol Ecol Resour 2010; 10:449-58. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2009.02799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- LEONARDO CAMPAGNA
- División de Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1405DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - DARÍO A. LIJTMAER
- División de Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1405DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - KEVIN C. R. KERR
- Department of Integrative Biology, Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - ANA S. BARREIRA
- División de Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1405DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - PAUL D. N. HEBERT
- Department of Integrative Biology, Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - STEPHEN C. LOUGHEED
- Department of Biology, Queen’s University, 116 Barrie Street, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - PABLO L. TUBARO
- División de Ornitología, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”, Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, C1405DJR Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Saitoh T, Alström P, Nishiumi I, Shigeta Y, Williams D, Olsson U, Ueda K. Old divergences in a boreal bird supports long-term survival through the Ice Ages. BMC Evol Biol 2010; 10:35. [PMID: 20128930 PMCID: PMC2848155 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Unlike northern Europe and most of northern North America, the Eastern Palearctic and the northwesternmost tip of North America are believed to have been almost unglaciated during the Quarternary glacial periods. This could have facilitated long-term survival of many organisms in that area. To evaluate this, we studied the phylogeography in east Asia and Alaska of a boreal migratory passerine bird, the Arctic Warbler Phylloscopus borealis, and compared our results with published data on especially North American species. Results In a sample of 113 individuals from 18 populations we identified 42 haplotypes of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene, which separated into three clades: A - Alaska and mainland Eurasia (except Kamchatka); B - Kamchatka, Sakhalin and Hokkaido; and C - Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu (i.e. Japan except Hokkaido). The oldest split among these clades, between A/B and C, is estimated to have taken place sometime between the mid Pliocene and early Pleistocene, and the second divergence, between clades A and B, in the early to mid Pleistocene. Within all of the three main clades, there are signs of population expansion. Conclusions The Arctic Warbler separated into three main clades in close succession around the Pliocene/Pleistocene border, with the two northern clades diverging last. All three clades probably experienced population bottlenecks during the Pleistocene as a result of range shifts and contractions, but nevertheless survived and maintained their integrities. Several other clades of Northeastern Palearctic birds are noted to have diversified during the Pliocene. In contrast, avian species or phylogroups presently occupying formerly glaciated North American ground are generally younger. The differences between these regions could be due to slower speciation rates in the Eastern Palearctic due to less fragmentation of forest habitats during glacial periods, or to longer survival of Eastern Palearctic clades as a result of less severe conditions in that region compared to northern North America. Several other Palearctic organisms show concordant biogeographical patterns to that of the Arctic Warbler, indicating common causes of their diversifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takema Saitoh
- Department of Life Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
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Guiller A, Madec L. Historical biogeography of the land snail Cornu aspersum: a new scenario inferred from haplotype distribution in the Western Mediterranean basin. BMC Evol Biol 2010; 10:18. [PMID: 20089175 PMCID: PMC2826328 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-10-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite its key location between the rest of the continent and Europe, research on the phylogeography of north African species remains very limited compared to European and North American taxa. The Mediterranean land mollusc Cornu aspersum (= Helix aspersa) is part of the few species widely sampled in north Africa for biogeographical analysis. It then provides an excellent biological model to understand phylogeographical patterns across the Mediterranean basin, and to evaluate hypotheses of population differentiation. We investigated here the phylogeography of this land snail to reassess the evolutionary scenario we previously considered for explaining its scattered distribution in the western Mediterranean, and to help to resolve the question of the direction of its range expansion (from north Africa to Europe or vice versa). By analysing simultaneously individuals from 73 sites sampled in its putative native range, the present work provides the first broad-scale screening of mitochondrial variation (cyt b and 16S rRNA genes) of C. aspersum. Results Phylogeographical structure mirrored previous patterns inferred from anatomy and nuclear data, since all haplotypes could be ascribed to a B (West) or a C (East) lineage. Alternative migration models tested confirmed that C. aspersum most likely spread from north Africa to Europe. In addition to Kabylia in Algeria, which would have been successively a centre of dispersal and a zone of secondary contacts, we identified an area in Galicia where genetically distinct west and east type populations would have regained contact. Conclusions Vicariant and dispersal processes are reviewed and discussed in the light of signatures left in the geographical distribution of the genetic variation. In referring to Mediterranean taxa which show similar phylogeographical patterns, we proposed a parsimonious scenario to account for the "east-west" genetic splitting and the northward expansion of the western (B) clade which roughly involves (i) the dispersal of ancestral (eastern) types through Oligocene terranes in the Western Mediterranean (ii) the Tell Atlas orogenesis as gene flow barrier between future west and east populations, (iii) the impact of recurrent climatic fluctuations from mid-Pliocene to the last ice age, (iv) the loss of the eastern lineage during Pleistocene northwards expansion phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Guiller
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie Pharmaceutique (CNRS UMR 6553), Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, 35043 Rennes, France.
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Maley JM, Winker K. Diversification at high latitudes: speciation of buntings in the genus Plectrophenax inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear markers. Mol Ecol 2010; 19:785-97. [PMID: 20088885 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04513.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
High-latitude diversification is a process characterized by speciation and extinction due to climatically driven vicariance and dispersal events. McKay's buntings (Plectrophenax hyperboreus) are high-latitude island endemic songbirds, and their global range is restricted to Beringia. Snow buntings (P. nivalis), their closest relatives, are distributed throughout the Holarctic, breeding in available habitat surrounding the island range of McKay's buntings. We sequenced 1123 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA for 40 individuals of each species and analysed a total of 913 AFLPs for 57 individuals. Both marker types suggested weak but significant genetic differentiation. Analysis of sequence data indicated divergence occurring when the current breeding range of McKay's buntings was a hill on the Beringian steppe (approximately 18,400 to approximately 73,700 years before present), suggesting that snow buntings were restricted to lower latitudes by ice sheets. Ancestral effective population size estimates indicate a founder event in McKay's buntings followed by an expansion and then a reduction in effective size. Rising sea levels and asymmetric hybridization from McKay's buntings into the postglacially-colonizing population of snow buntings could account for this reduction. Reproductive isolation is likely maintained through differential arrival dates on breeding grounds and the high breeding density of McKay's buntings. This recent, high-latitude divergence best fits a model of founder event speciation driven by vicariance and oscillations in habitat due to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Maley
- University of Alaska Museum and Institute of Arctic Biology, 907 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.
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