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Aliu A, Bosch DHCA, Keszthelyi D, Rezazadeh Ardabili A, Colombel JF, Sawyer R, Törnblom H, Hart A, Jonkers DMAE, Pierik MJ, Mujagic Z. Review article: A practical approach to persistent gastrointestinal symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease in remission. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2024; 59:1470-1488. [PMID: 38590140 DOI: 10.1111/apt.17988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent gastrointestinal symptoms are prevalent in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), even when endoscopic remission is reached. These symptoms can have profound negative effects on the quality of life of affected patients and can be difficult to treat. They may be caused by IBD-related complications or comorbid disorders, but they can also be explained by irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-like symptoms. AIMS To provide a practical step-by-step guide to diagnose and treat persistent gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with IBD in remission via a personalised approach. METHODS We scrutinised relevant literature on causes, diagnostics and treatment of persistent gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain or discomfort, bloating, abdominal distension, diarrhoea, constipation and faecal incontinence) in patients with IBD in remission. RESULTS A graphical practical guide for several steps in diagnosing, identifying potential triggers and adequate treatment of persistent gastrointestinal symptoms in IBD in remission is provided based on supporting literature. The first part of this review focuses on the diagnostic and treatment approaches for potential IBD-related complications and comorbidities. The second part describes the approach to IBS-like symptoms in IBD in remission. CONCLUSIONS Persistent gastrointestinal symptoms in IBD in remission can be traced back to potential pathophysiological mechanisms in individual patients and can be treated adequately. For both IBD-related complications and comorbidities and IBS-like symptoms in IBD in remission, pharmacological, dietary, lifestyle or psychological treatments can be effective. A systematic and personalised approach is required to reduce the burden for patients, healthcare systems, and society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arta Aliu
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Daan H C A Bosch
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel Keszthelyi
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ashkan Rezazadeh Ardabili
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jean-Frederic Colombel
- The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Rachel Sawyer
- IBD Patient Advocacy, Founder of the Bottom Line IBD and IBD Women, UK
| | - Hans Törnblom
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ailsa Hart
- IBD Unit, St Mark's Hospital & Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Daisy M A E Jonkers
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke J Pierik
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Zlatan Mujagic
- Department Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Lawson CM, Jones C, Herman M, Kim C, Mannino E, Omer E, Venegas C. Does Ileus Represent the Forgotten End Organ Failure in Critical Illness? Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2024; 26:166-171. [PMID: 38558135 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-023-00910-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review evaluates the current literature on ileus, impaired gastrointestinal transit (IGT), and acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) and its impact on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. RECENT FINDINGS Ileus is often under recognized in critically ill patients and is associated with significant morbidity and is potentially a marker of disease severity as seen in other organs like kidneys (ATN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Christy M Lawson
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA.
| | - Chris Jones
- Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Herman
- Department of Gastroenterology, Borland Groover Clinic, Fleming Island, FL, USA
| | - Cecilia Kim
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Elizabeth Mannino
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Endashaw Omer
- Department of Gastroenterology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Carlas Venegas
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinc, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Nishiyama K, Kato Y, Nishimura A, Mi X, Nagata R, Mori Y, Azuma YT, Nishida M. Pharmacological Activation of TRPC6 Channel Prevents Colitis Progression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2401. [PMID: 38397074 PMCID: PMC10889536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
We recently reported that transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) 6 channel activity contributes to intracellular Zn2+ homeostasis in the heart. Zn2+ has also been implicated in the regulation of intestinal redox and microbial homeostasis. This study aims to investigate the role of TRPC6-mediated Zn2+ influx in the stress resistance of the intestine. The expression profile of TRPC1-C7 mRNAs in the actively inflamed mucosa from inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients was analyzed using the GEO database. Systemic TRPC3 knockout (KO) and TRPC6 KO mice were treated with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to induce colitis. The Zn2+ concentration and the mRNA expression levels of oxidative/inflammatory markers in colon tissues were quantitatively analyzed, and gut microbiota profiles were compared. TRPC6 mRNA expression level was increased in IBD patients and DSS-treated mouse colon tissues. DSS-treated TRPC6 KO mice, but not TRPC3 KO mice, showed severe weight loss and increased disease activity index compared with DSS-treated WT mice. The mRNA abundances of antioxidant proteins were basically increased in the TRPC6 KO colon, with changes in gut microbiota profiles. Treatment with TRPC6 activator prevented the DSS-induced colitis progression accompanied by increasing Zn2+ concentration. We suggest that TRPC6-mediated Zn2+ influx activity plays a key role in stress resistance against IBD, providing a new strategy for treating colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Nishiyama
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.N.); (Y.K.); (X.M.)
- Laboratory of Prophylactic Pharmacology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka 598-8531, Japan;
| | - Yuri Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.N.); (Y.K.); (X.M.)
| | - Akiyuki Nishimura
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan;
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- SOKENDAI (Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Xinya Mi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.N.); (Y.K.); (X.M.)
| | - Ryu Nagata
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615-8530, Japan;
| | - Yasu-Taka Azuma
- Laboratory of Prophylactic Pharmacology, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Osaka 598-8531, Japan;
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (K.N.); (Y.K.); (X.M.)
- National Institute for Physiological Sciences (NIPS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan;
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- SOKENDAI (Department of Physiological Sciences, School of Life Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- Department of Physiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Gauthier MM, Hayoz S, Banek CT. Neuroimmune interplay in kidney health and disease: Role of renal nerves. Auton Neurosci 2023; 250:103133. [PMID: 38061177 PMCID: PMC10748436 DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2023.103133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Renal nerves and their role in physiology and disease have been a topic of increasing interest in the past few decades. Renal inflammation contributes to many cardiorenal disease conditions, including hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and polycystic kidney disease. Much is known about the role of renal sympathetic nerves in physiology - they contribute to the regulation of sodium reabsorption, renin release, and renal vascular resistance. In contrast, far less is known about afferent, or "sensory," renal nerves, which convey signals from the kidney to the brain. While much remains unknown about these nerves in the context of normal physiology, even less is known about their contribution to disease states. Furthermore, it has become apparent that the crosstalk between renal nerves and the immune system may augment or modulate disease. Research from other fields, especially pain research, has provided critical insight into neuroimmune crosstalk. Sympathetic renal nerve activity may increase immune cell recruitment, but far less work has been done investigating the interplay between afferent renal nerves and the immune system. Evidence from other fields suggests that inflammation may augment afferent renal nerve activity. Furthermore, these nerves may exacerbate renal inflammation through the release of afferent-specific neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline M Gauthier
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Sebastien Hayoz
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Christopher T Banek
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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TRPC absence induces pro-inflammatory macrophages and gut microbe disorder, sensitizing mice to colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109655. [PMID: 36592529 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels, encoded in seven non-allelic genes, are important contributors to calcium fluxes, are strongly associated with various diseases. Here we explored the consequences of ablating all seven TRPCs in mice focusing on colitis. We discovered that absence of all seven TRPC proteins in mice (TRPC HeptaKO mice) promotes the development of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. RNA-sequence analysis highlighted an extremely pro-inflammatory profile in colons of DSS-treated TRPC HeptaKO mice, with an amount of increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the infiltration of Ly6Chi monocytes and neutrophils in colonic lamina propria was significantly increased in DSS-treated TRPC HeptaKO mice. Results also revealed that macrophages from TRPC HeptaKO mice exhibited M1 polarization and enhanced secretion of pro-inflammatory factors. In addition, the composition of gut microbiota was markedly disturbed in DSS-treated TRPC HeptaKO mice. However, upon antibiotic cocktail (Abx)-treatment, TRPC HeptaKO mice showed no significant differences with WT mice in disease severity. Collectively, these data suggest that ablation of all TRPCs promotes the development of DSS-induced colitis by inducing pro-inflammatory macrophages and gut microbiota disorder.
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Pérez de Arce E, Quera R, Quigley EMM. The Dilemma of Persistent Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms in Patients with Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2021; 50:689-711. [PMID: 34304795 DOI: 10.1016/j.gtc.2021.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease differ in their natural evolution, etiopathogenesis, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic approach. However, recent evidence has suggested some similarities in mechanisms underlying symptom development and progression. There is a relevant role for alterations in the microbiome-brain-gut axis in both diseases. The presence of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease is common in clinical practice. To determine the cause of irritable bowel syndrome symptoms in patients with quiescent inflammatory bowel disease is a clinical challenge. This review aims to illustrate possible causes and solutions for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Pérez de Arce
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Dr. Carlos Lorca Tobar 999, Independencia, Región Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Quera
- Division of Gastroenterology, Inflammatory Bowel Disease Program, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Estoril 450, Las Condes, Región Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eamonn M M Quigley
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lynda K and David M Underwood Center for Digestive Disorders, Houston Methodist Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX, USA.
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Pérez de Arce E, Quera R, Beltrán CJ, Madrid AM, Nos P. Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Synergy in alterations of the gut-brain axis? GASTROENTEROLOGIA Y HEPATOLOGIA 2021; 45:66-76. [PMID: 34023477 DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2021.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The presence of digestive symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in remission is a topic of growing interest. Although there is heterogeneity in clinical studies regarding the use of IBD remission criteria and the diagnosis of IBS, the available data indicate that the IBD-IBS overlap would affect up to one third of patients in remission, and they agree on the finding of a negative impact on the mental health and quality of life of the individuals who suffer from it. The pathophysiological bases that would explain this potential overlap are not completely elucidated; however, an alteration in the gut-brain axis associated with an increase in intestinal permeability, neuroimmune activation and dysbiosis would be common to both conditions. The hypothesis of a new clinical entity or syndrome of "Irritable Inflammatory Bowel Disease" or "Post-inflammatory IBS" is the subject of intense investigation. The clinical approach is based on certifying the remission of IBD activity and ruling out other non-inflammatory causes of potentially treatable persistent functional digestive symptoms. In the case of symptoms associated with IBS and in the absence of sufficient evidence, comprehensive and personalized management of the clinical picture (dietary, pharmacological and psychotherapeutic measures) should be carried out, similar to a genuine IBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Pérez de Arce
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Quera
- Programa Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Departamento de Gastroenterología, Clínica Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Caroll J Beltrán
- Laboratorio de Inmuno-gastroenterología, Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ana María Madrid
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Servicio de Gastroenterología, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pilar Nos
- Unidad de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Servicio de Medicina Digestiva, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, España
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Bittencourt JAHM, Neto MFA, Lacerda PS, Bittencourt RCVS, Silva RC, Lobato CC, Silva LB, Leite FHA, Zuliani JP, Rosa JMC, Borges RS, Santos CBR. In Silico Evaluation of Ibuprofen and Two Benzoylpropionic Acid Derivatives with Potential Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Molecules 2019; 24:E1476. [PMID: 30991684 PMCID: PMC6515000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex reaction involving cellular and molecular components and an unspecific response to a specific aggression. The use of scientific and technological innovations as a research tool combining multidisciplinary knowledge in informatics, biotechnology, chemistry and biology are essential for optimizing time and reducing costs in the drug design. Thus, the integration of these in silico techniques makes it possible to search for new anti-inflammatory drugs with better pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiles compared to commercially used drugs. This in silico study evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of two benzoylpropionic acid derivatives (MBPA and DHBPA) using molecular docking and their thermodynamic profiles by molecular dynamics, in addition to predicting oral bioavailability, bioactivity and toxicity. In accordance to our predictions the derivatives proposed here had the potential capacity for COX-2 inhibition in the human and mice enzyme, due to containing similar interactions with the control compound (ibuprofen). Ibuprofen showed toxic predictions of hepatotoxicity (in human, mouse and rat; toxicophoric group 2-arylacetic or 3-arylpropionic acid) and irritation of the gastrointestinal tract (in human, mouse and rat; toxicophoric group alpha-substituted propionic acid or ester) confirming the literature data, as well as the efficiency of the DEREK 10.0.2 program. Moreover, the proposed compounds are predicted to have a good oral bioavailability profile and low toxicity (LD50 < 700 mg/kg) and safety when compared to the commercial compound. Therefore, future studies are necessary to confirm the anti-inflammatory potential of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A H M Bittencourt
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
| | - Moysés F A Neto
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana-BA 44036-900, Brazil.
| | - Pedro S Lacerda
- Laboratory of Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Barão de Jeremoabo Street, Salvador 40170-115, BA, Brazil.
| | - Renata C V S Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
| | - Rai C Silva
- Computational Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof. do Café, s/n - Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo 14040-903, Brazil.
| | - Cleison C Lobato
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Nucleus of Studies and Selection of Bioactive Molecules, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-PA 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Luciane B Silva
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
| | - Franco H A Leite
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana-BA 44036-900, Brazil.
| | - Juliana P Zuliani
- Laboratory Cellular Immunology Applied to Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, FIOCRUZ Rondônia, Rua da Beira, 7671 BR-364, Porto Velho-RO 78912-000, Brazil.
| | - Joaquín M C Rosa
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Biosanitary Research ibs.GRANADA. University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Rosivaldo S Borges
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Nucleus of Studies and Selection of Bioactive Molecules, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-PA 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Cleydson B R Santos
- Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Innovation, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Modeling and Computational Chemistry, Department of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá-AP 68902-280, Brazil.
- Nucleus of Studies and Selection of Bioactive Molecules, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém-PA 66075-110, Brazil.
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Rtibi K, Selmi S, Wannes D, Jridi M, Marzouki L, Sebai H. The potential of Thymus vulgaris aqueous extract to protect against delayed gastric emptying and colonic constipation in rats. RSC Adv 2019; 9:20593-20602. [PMID: 35515536 PMCID: PMC9065799 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02042j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyme is a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals and it is frequently used in folk-medicine to treat gastroenteritis irritations. The current study was performed to examine the potential of Thymus vulgaris aqueous extract (TV-AE) to protect against delayed gastric emptying (DGE) and colonic constipation in rats. Stomach ulcer was caused by a single oral dose administration of indomethacin (INDO) (30 mg kg−1 of body weight). Constipation was induced following intravenous intoxication of rats with vinblastine (VINB) (2 mg kg−1 of body weight) for one week. The effect of TV-AE at two graduated doses (100 and 200 mg kg−1) on DGE, gastrointestinal transit (GIT) and constipated rats and biochemical parameters was estimated using phenol red, charcoal meal test and colorimetric methods, respectively. The phytochemical-profile of TV-AE was explored using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection and electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS). INDO and VINB caused a significant reduction in (P < 0.05) DGE and GIT and colonic motility dysfunction. TV-AE consumption remarkably (P < 0.05) attenuated the DGE (from 58.56% to 69.871%) and difficulty in evacuating stools (from 48.5 to 55.5 fecal pellets per rat) and balanced the GIT (65% to 71%). These GI-ameliorative effects were accompanied by reversed INDO/VINB-related oxidative changes, lipid-metabolism alteration and intracellular pathway moderation. HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS-analysis identified several chemical constituents including rosmarinic acid, quinic acid, luteolin-7-o-glucoside, protocatechuic acid and trans-cinnamic acid. Thus, TV-AE bioactive components may be used as medicinal substances to regulate/attenuate gastrointestinal–physiological activities and disturbances, which support its pharmacological use. Thyme is a rich source of bioactive phytochemicals and it is frequently used in folk-medicine to treat gastroenteritis irritations.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaïs Rtibi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources-Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja
- University of Jendouba
- 9000 Beja
- Tunisia
| | - Slimen Selmi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources-Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja
- University of Jendouba
- 9000 Beja
- Tunisia
| | - Dalanda Wannes
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources-Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja
- University of Jendouba
- 9000 Beja
- Tunisia
| | - Mourad Jridi
- Laboratory of Enzymatic Engineering and Microbiology
- National School of Engineers of Sfax
- University of Sfax
- 3038 Sfax
- Tunisia
| | - Lamjed Marzouki
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources-Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja
- University of Jendouba
- 9000 Beja
- Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-resources-Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja
- University of Jendouba
- 9000 Beja
- Tunisia
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Sekiguchi F, Tsubota M, Kawabata A. Involvement of Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels in Inflammation and Inflammatory Pain. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 41:1127-1134. [PMID: 30068860 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are classified into high-voltage-activated (HVA) channels and low-voltage-activated channels consisting of Cav3.1-3.3, known as T ("transient")-type VGCC. There is evidence that certain types of HVA channels are involved in neurogenic inflammation and inflammatory pain, in agreement with reports indicating the therapeutic effectiveness of gabapentinoids, ligands for the α2δ subunit of HVA, in treating not only neuropathic, but also inflammatory, pain. Among the Cav3 family members, Cav3.2 is abundantly expressed in the primary afferents, regulating both neuronal excitability at the peripheral terminals and spontaneous neurotransmitter release at the spinal terminals. The function and expression of Cav3.2 are modulated by a variety of inflammatory mediators including prostanoids and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gasotransmitter. The increased activity of Cav3.2 by H2S participates in colonic, bladder and pancreatic pain, and regulates visceral inflammation. Together, VGCCs are involved in inflammation and inflammatory pain, and Cav3.2 T-type VGCC is especially a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of visceral inflammatory pain in patients with irritable bowel syndrome, interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome, pancreatitis, etc., in addition to neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Sekiguchi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Maho Tsubota
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Atsufumi Kawabata
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
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Iwata N, Fujimura T, Takai C, Odani K, Kawano S, Nakayama S. Dialysis membrane-enforced microelectrode array measurement of diverse gut electrical activity. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:312-320. [PMID: 28319897 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A variety of electrical activities occur depending on the functional state in each section of the gut, but the application of microelectrode array (MEA) is rather limited. We thus developed a dialysis membranes-enforced technique to investigate diverse and complex spatio-temporal electrical activity in the gut. Muscle sheets isolated from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of mice along with a piece of dialysis membrane were woven over and under the strings to fix them to the anchor rig, and mounted on an 8×8 MEA (inter-electrode distance=150µm). Small molecules (molecular weight <12,000) were exchanged through the membrane, maintaining a physiological environment. Low impedance MEA was used to measure electrical signals in a wide frequency range. We demonstrated the following examples: 1) pacemaker activity-like potentials accompanied by bursting spike-like potentials in the ileum; 2) electrotonic potentials reflecting local neurotransmission in the ileum; 3) myoelectric complex-like potentials consisting of slow and rapid oscillations accompanied by spike potentials in the colon. Despite their limited spatial resolution, these recordings detected transient electric activities that optical probes followed with difficulty. In Addition, propagation of pacemaker-like potential was visualized in the stomach and ileum. These results indicate that the dialysis membrane-enforced technique largely extends the application of MEA, probably due to stabilisation of the access resistance between each sensing electrode and a reference electrode and improvement of electric separation between sensing electrodes. We anticipate that this technique will be utilized to characterise spatio-temporal electrical activities in the gut in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Iwata
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takumi Fujimura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Chiho Takai
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kei Odani
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shin Kawano
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakayama
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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12
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Hamel-Côté G, Gendron D, Rola-Pleszczynski M, Stankova J. Regulation of platelet-activating factor-mediated protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B activation by a Janus kinase 2/calpain pathway. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180336. [PMID: 28686728 PMCID: PMC5501562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a pro-inflammatory condition underlying many cardiovascular diseases. Platelet-activating factor (PAF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are actively involved in the onset and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. The involvement of monocyte-derived macrophages is well characterized in the installation of inflammatory conditions in the plaque, but less is known about the contribution of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (Mo-DCs). In the same way, the involvement of calcium, phospholipase C and A2 in PAF-induced IL-6 production, in different cells types, has been shown; however, the importance of the Jak/STAT pathway and its regulation by protein-tyrosine phosphatases in this response have not been addressed. In this study, we report that PAF stimulates PTP1B activity via Jak2, thereby modulating PAF-induced IL-6 production. Using HEK 293 cells stably transfected with the PAF receptor in order to discriminate the pathway components, our results suggest that Jak2 modulates PAF-induced IL-6 production via both positive and negative pathways. Jak2 kinase activity was necessary for maximal transactivation of the IL-6 promoter, as seen by luciferase assays, whereas the same kinase also downregulated this promoter transactivation through the activation of a calcium/calpain/PTP1B pathway. The same pathways were operational in monocyte-derived dendritic cells, since PAF-induced PTP1B activation negatively regulated PAF-induced IL-6 mRNA production and, in addition, Jak2 activated calpain, one of the components involved in PAF-induced PTP1B activation. Results obtained in this study indicate that Jak2 activation is important for maximal IL-6 promoter transactivation by PAF and that PTP1B is involved in the negative regulation of this transactivation. However, PTP1B does not directly regulate Jak2 activation, but rather Jak2 regulates PAF-induced PTP1B activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geneviève Hamel-Côté
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Gendron
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Marek Rola-Pleszczynski
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jana Stankova
- Immunology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
- * E-mail:
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13
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Lomax AE, Pradhananga S, Bertrand PP. Plasticity of neuroeffector transmission during bowel inflammation 1. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2017; 312:G165-G170. [PMID: 28082285 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00365.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Altered gastrointestinal (GI) function contributes to the debilitating symptoms of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Nerve circuits contained within the gut wall and outside of the gut play important roles in modulating motility, mucosal fluid transport, and blood flow. The structure and function of these neuronal populations change during IBD. Superimposed on this plasticity is a diminished responsiveness of effector cells - smooth muscle cells, enterocytes, and vascular endothelial cells - to neurotransmitters. The net result is a breakdown in the precisely orchestrated coordination of motility, fluid secretion, and GI blood flow required for health. In this review, we consider how inflammation-induced changes to the effector innervation of these tissues, and changes to the tissues themselves, contribute to defective GI function in models of IBD. We also explore the evidence that reversing neuronal plasticity is sufficient to normalize function during IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan E Lomax
- Gastrointestinal Disease Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Sabindra Pradhananga
- Gastrointestinal Disease Research Unit, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Paul P Bertrand
- School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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14
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Abstract
Voltage-gated ion channels are key regulators of cell excitability. There is significant evidence that these channels are subject to modulation by redox status of the cells. Here we review the post-translational modifications of ion channels that occur in colonic inflammation. The redox mechanisms involve tyrosine nitration, covalent modification of cysteine residues and sulfhydration by hydrogen sulfide in experimental colitis. In the setting of colonic inflammation, modifications of cysteine and tyrosine are likely to occur at several sites within the same channel complex. In this review we describe alterations in channel function due to specific modifications of tyrosine and cysteine residues by reactive nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen-sulfide resulting in altered motility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid I Akbarali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1112 East Clay Street, McGuire Hall Rm# 317, Richmond, VA 23298, USA Country.
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15
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Tse G, Lai ETH, Lee APW, Yan BP, Wong SH. Electrophysiological Mechanisms of Gastrointestinal Arrhythmogenesis: Lessons from the Heart. Front Physiol 2016; 7:230. [PMID: 27378939 PMCID: PMC4906021 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruptions in the orderly activation and recovery of electrical excitation traveling through the heart and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can lead to arrhythmogenesis. For example, cardiac arrhythmias predispose to thromboembolic events resulting in cerebrovascular accidents and myocardial infarction, and to sudden cardiac death. By contrast, arrhythmias in the GI tract are usually not life-threatening and much less well characterized. However, they have been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of GI motility disorders, including gastroparesis, dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, mesenteric ischaemia, Hirschsprung disease, slow transit constipation, all of which are associated with significant morbidity. Both cardiac and gastrointestinal arrhythmias can broadly be divided into non-reentrant and reentrant activity. The aim of this paper is to compare and contrast the mechanisms underlying arrhythmogenesis in both systems to provide insight into the pathogenesis of GI motility disorders and potential molecular targets for future therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Tse
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
| | - Eric T. H. Lai
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
| | - Alex P. W. Lee
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
| | - Bryan P. Yan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
| | - Sunny H. Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
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16
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Tse G, Lai ETH, Yeo JM, Tse V, Wong SH. Mechanisms of Electrical Activation and Conduction in the Gastrointestinal System: Lessons from Cardiac Electrophysiology. Front Physiol 2016; 7:182. [PMID: 27303305 PMCID: PMC4885840 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is an electrically excitable organ system containing multiple cell types, which coordinate electrical activity propagating through this tract. Disruption in its normal electrophysiology is observed in a number of GI motility disorders. However, this is not well characterized and the field of GI electrophysiology is much less developed compared to the cardiac field. The aim of this article is to use the established knowledge of cardiac electrophysiology to shed light on the mechanisms of electrical activation and propagation along the GI tract, and how abnormalities in these processes lead to motility disorders and suggest better treatment options based on this improved understanding. In the first part of the article, the ionic contributions to the generation of GI slow wave and the cardiac action potential (AP) are reviewed. Propagation of these electrical signals can be described by the core conductor theory in both systems. However, specifically for the GI tract, the following unique properties are observed: changes in slow wave frequency along its length, periods of quiescence, synchronization in short distances and desynchronization over long distances. These are best described by a coupled oscillator theory. Other differences include the diminished role of gap junctions in mediating this conduction in the GI tract compared to the heart. The electrophysiology of conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease and gastroparesis, and functional problems such as irritable bowel syndrome are discussed in detail, with reference to ion channel abnormalities and potential therapeutic targets. A deeper understanding of the molecular basis and physiological mechanisms underlying GI motility disorders will enable the development of better diagnostic and therapeutic tools and the advancement of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Tse
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
| | - Eric Tsz Him Lai
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
| | - Jie Ming Yeo
- School of Medicine, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
| | - Vivian Tse
- Department of Physiology, McGill UniversityMontreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sunny Hei Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Institute of Digestive Disease, LKS Institute of Health Sciences, Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong, China
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17
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Abstract
Acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) is common in critical illness and negatively affects outcome. A variety of definitions have been used to describe AGI, which has led to clinical confusion and hampered comparison of research studies across institutions. An international working group of the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine was convened to standardize definitions for AGI and provide current evidence-based understanding of its pathophysiology and management. This disorder is associated with a wide variety of signs and symptoms and may be difficult to detect, therefore a high index of suspicion is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Taylor
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Mercy Hospital St. Louis, Suite 4006B, St Louis, MO 63141, USA.
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18
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Kang M, Hashimoto A, Gade A, Akbarali HI. Interaction between hydrogen sulfide-induced sulfhydration and tyrosine nitration in the KATP channel complex. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 308:G532-9. [PMID: 25552582 PMCID: PMC4360042 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00281.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is an endogenous gaseous mediator affecting many physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Enhanced expression of H2S and reactive nitrogen/oxygen species (RNS/ROS) during inflammation alters cellular excitability via modulation of ion channel function. Sulfhydration of cysteine residues and tyrosine nitration are the posttranslational modifications induced by H₂S and RNS, respectively. The objective of this study was to define the interaction between tyrosine nitration and cysteine sulfhydration within the ATP-sensitive K(+) (KATP) channel complex, a significant target in experimental colitis. A modified biotin switch assay was performed to determine sulfhydration of the KATP channel subunits, Kir6.1, sulphonylurea 2B (SUR2B), and nitrotyrosine measured by immunoblot. NaHS (a donor of H₂S) significantly enhanced sulfhydration of SUR2B but not Kir6.1 subunit. 3-Morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) (a donor of peroxynitrite) induced nitration of Kir6.1 subunit but not SUR2B. Pretreatment with NaHS reduced the nitration of Kir6.1 by SIN-1 in Chinese hamster ovary cells cotransfected with the two subunits, as well as in enteric glia. Two specific mutations within SUR2B, C24S, and C1455S prevented sulfhydration by NaHS, and these mutations prevented NaHS-induced reduction in tyrosine nitration of Kir6.1. NaHS also reversed peroxynitrite-induced inhibition of smooth muscle contraction. These studies suggest that posttranslational modifications of the two subunits of the KATP channel interact to alter channel function. The studies described herein demonstrate a unique mechanism by which sulfhydration of one subunit modifies tyrosine nitration of another subunit within the same channel complex. This interaction provides a mechanistic insight on the protective effects of H₂S in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minho Kang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Atsushi Hashimoto
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Aravind Gade
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Hamid I. Akbarali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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19
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Nakayama S, Uchiyama T. Real-time measurement of biomagnetic vector fields in functional syncytium using amorphous metal. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8837. [PMID: 25744476 DOI: 10.1038/srep08837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnetic field detection of biological electric activities would provide a non-invasive and aseptic estimate of the functional state of cellular organization, namely a syncytium constructed with cell-to-cell electric coupling. In this study, we investigated the properties of biomagnetic waves which occur spontaneously in gut musculature as a typical functional syncytium, by applying an amorphous metal-based gradio-magneto sensor operated at ambient temperature without a magnetic shield. The performance of differentiation was improved by using a single amorphous wire with a pair of transducer coils. Biomagnetic waves of up to several nT were recorded ~1 mm below the sample in a real-time manner. Tetraethyl ammonium (TEA) facilitated magnetic waves reflected electric activity in smooth muscle. The direction of magnetic waves altered depending on the relative angle of the muscle layer and magneto sensor, indicating the existence of propagating intercellular currents. The magnitude of magnetic waves rapidly decreased to ~30% by the initial and subsequent 1 mm separations between sample and sensor. The large distance effect was attributed to the feature of bioelectric circuits constructed by two reverse currents separated by a small distance. This study provides a method for detecting characteristic features of biomagnetic fields arising from a syncytial current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Nakayama
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tusyoshi Uchiyama
- Department of Electronics, Nagoya University of Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
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20
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Mawe GM. Colitis-induced neuroplasticity disrupts motility in the inflamed and post-inflamed colon. J Clin Invest 2015; 125:949-55. [PMID: 25729851 DOI: 10.1172/jci76306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Effective colonic motility involves an intricate pattern of excitatory and inhibitory neuromuscular signals that arise from the enteric neural circuitry of the colon. Recent investigations have demonstrated that inflammation leads to a variety of changes in the physiological properties of the neurons in this circuitry, including hyperexcitability of neurons at the afferent end of the peristaltic reflex, synaptic facilitation, and attenuated inhibitory neuromuscular transmission. Furthermore, links have been established between these changes and disrupted motor activity in the colon, and we now know that some of these changes persist long after recovery from inflammation. It is highly likely that inflammation-induced neuroplasticity, which is not detectable by clinical diagnostics, contributes to disrupted motility in active and quiescent inflammatory bowel disease and in functional gastrointestinal disorders.
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21
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Liu DH, Huang X, Guo X, Meng XM, Wu YS, Lu HL, Zhang CM, Kim YC, Xu WX. Voltage dependent potassium channel remodeling in murine intestinal smooth muscle hypertrophy induced by partial obstruction. PLoS One 2014; 9:e86109. [PMID: 24516526 PMCID: PMC3916336 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Partial obstruction of the small intestine causes obvious hypertrophy of smooth muscle cells and motility disorder in the bowel proximate to the obstruction. To identify electric remodeling of hypertrophic smooth muscles in partially obstructed murine small intestine, the patch-clamp and intracellular microelectrode recording methods were used to identify the possible electric remodeling and Western blot, immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation were utilized to examine the channel protein expression and phosphorylation level changes in this research. After 14 days of obstruction, partial obstruction caused obvious smooth muscle hypertrophy in the proximally located intestine. The slow waves of intestinal smooth muscles in the dilated region were significantly suppressed, their amplitude and frequency were reduced, whilst the resting membrane potentials were depolarized compared with normal and sham animals. The current density of voltage dependent potassium channel (KV) was significantly decreased in the hypertrophic smooth muscle cells and the voltage sensitivity of KV activation was altered. The sensitivity of KV currents (IKV) to TEA, a nonselective potassium channel blocker, increased significantly, but the sensitivity of IKv to 4-AP, a KV blocker, stays the same. The protein levels of KV4.3 and KV2.2 were up-regulated in the hypertrophic smooth muscle cell membrane. The serine and threonine phosphorylation levels of KV4.3 and KV2.2 were significantly increased in the hypertrophic smooth muscle cells. Thus this study represents the first identification of KV channel remodeling in murine small intestinal smooth muscle hypertrophy induced by partial obstruction. The enhanced phosphorylations of KV4.3 and KV2.2 may be involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hai Liu
- Department of Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Huang
- Department of Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang-Min Meng
- Department of Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Song Wu
- Department of Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Li Lu
- Department of Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Mei Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Young-chul Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Wen-Xie Xu
- Department of Physiology, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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22
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Alkahtani R, Mahavadi S, Al-Shboul O, Alsharari S, Grider JR, Murthy KS. Changes in the expression of smooth muscle contractile proteins in TNBS- and DSS-induced colitis in mice. Inflammation 2013; 36:1304-15. [PMID: 23794034 PMCID: PMC3823744 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-013-9669-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thin filament-associated proteins such as calponin, caldesmon, tropomyosin, and smoothelin are thought to regulate acto-myosin interaction and thus, muscle contraction. However, the effect of inflammation on the expression of thin filament-associated proteins is not known. The aim of the present study is to determine the changes in the expression of calponin, caldesmon, tropomyosin, and smoothelin in colonic smooth muscle from trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (TNBS)- and dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. Expression of h-caldesmon, h2-calponin, α-tropomyosin, and smoothelin-A was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Contraction in response to acetylcholine in dispersed muscle cells was measured by scanning micrometry. mRNA and protein expression of α-actin, h2-calponin, h-caldesmon, smoothelin, and α-tropomyosin in colonic muscle strips from mice with TNBS- or DSS-induced colitis was significantly increased compared to control animals. Contraction in response to acetylcholine was significantly decreased in muscle cells isolated from inflamed regions of TNBS- or DSS-treated mice compared to control mice. Our results show that increase in the expression of thin filament-associated contractile proteins, which inhibit acto-myosin interaction, could contribute to decrease in smooth muscle contraction in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Alkahtani
- Department of Physiology, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Sunila Mahavadi
- Department of Physiology, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Othman Al-Shboul
- Department of Physiology, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Shakir Alsharari
- Department of Pharmacology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - John R. Grider
- Department of Physiology, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Karnam S. Murthy
- Department of Physiology, VCU Program in Enteric Neuromuscular Sciences, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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23
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Taniguchi M, Kajioka S, Shozib HB, Sawamura K, Nakayama S. Spatial analysis of slowly oscillating electric activity in the gut of mice using low impedance arrayed microelectrodes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e75235. [PMID: 24124480 PMCID: PMC3790767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Smooth and elaborate gut motility is based on cellular cooperation, including smooth muscle, enteric neurons and special interstitial cells acting as pacemaker cells. Therefore, spatial characterization of electric activity in tissues containing these electric excitable cells is required for a precise understanding of gut motility. Furthermore, tools to evaluate spatial electric activity in a small area would be useful for the investigation of model animals. We thus employed a microelectrode array (MEA) system to simultaneously measure a set of 8×8 field potentials in a square area of ∼1 mm2. The size of each recording electrode was 50×50 µm2, however the surface area was increased by fixing platinum black particles. The impedance of microelectrode was sufficiently low to apply a high-pass filter of 0.1 Hz. Mapping of spectral power, and auto-correlation and cross-correlation parameters characterized the spatial properties of spontaneous electric activity in the ileum of wild-type (WT) and W/Wv mice, the latter serving as a model of impaired network of pacemaking interstitial cells. Namely, electric activities measured varied in both size and cooperativity in W/Wv mice, despite the small area. In the ileum of WT mice, procedures suppressing the excitability of smooth muscle and neurons altered the propagation of spontaneous electric activity, but had little change in the period of oscillations. In conclusion, MEA with low impedance electrodes enables to measure slowly oscillating electric activity, and is useful to evaluate both histological and functional changes in the spatio-temporal property of gut electric activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Taniguchi
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shunichi Kajioka
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Habibul B. Shozib
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenta Sawamura
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakayama
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
- * E-mail:
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24
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Gade AR, Kang M, Akbarali HI. Hydrogen sulfide as an allosteric modulator of ATP-sensitive potassium channels in colonic inflammation. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 83:294-306. [PMID: 23115325 DOI: 10.1124/mol.112.081596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-sensitive potassium channel (K(ATP)) in mouse colonic smooth muscle cell is a complex containing a pore-forming subunit (Kir6.1) and a sulfonylurea receptor subunit (SUR2B). These channels contribute to the cellular excitability of smooth muscle cells and hence regulate the motility patterns in the colon. Whole-cell voltage-clamp techniques were used to study the alterations in K(ATP) channels in smooth muscle cells in experimental colitis. Colonic inflammation was induced in BALB/C mice after intracolonic administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid. K(ATP) currents were measured at a holding potential of -60 mV in high K(+) external solution. The concentration response to levcromakalim (LEVC), a K(ATP) channel opener, was significantly shifted to the left in the inflamed smooth-muscle cells. Both the potency and maximal currents induced by LEVC were enhanced in inflammation. The EC(50) values in control were 6259 nM (n = 10) and 422 nM (n = 8) in inflamed colon, and the maximal currents were 9.9 ± 0.71 pA/pF (60 μM) in control and 39.7 ± 8.8 pA/pF (3 μM) after inflammation. As was seen with LEVC, the potency and efficacy of sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS) (10-1000 μM) on K(ATP) currents were significantly greater in inflamed colon compared with controls. In control cells, pretreatment with 100 µM NaHS shifted the EC(50) for LEV-induced currents from 2838 (n = 6) to 154 (n = 8) nM. Sulfhydration of sulfonylurea receptor 2B (SUR2B) was induced by NaHS and colonic inflammation. These data suggest that sulfhydration of SUR2B induces allosteric modulation of K(ATP) currents in colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind R Gade
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298-0524, USA
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25
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Nakayama
- Department of Cell Physiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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Abdrakhmanova GR, Kang M, Imad Damaj M, Akbarali HI. Nicotine suppresses hyperexcitability of colonic sensory neurons and visceral hypersensivity in mouse model of colonic inflammation. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2012; 302:G740-7. [PMID: 22241859 PMCID: PMC3330777 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00411.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we reported that nicotine in vitro at a low 1-μM concentration suppresses hyperexcitability of colonic dorsal root ganglia (DRG; L(1)-L(2)) neurons in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse model of acute colonic inflammation (1). Here we show that multiple action potential firing in colonic DRG neurons persisted at least for 3 wk post-DSS administration while the inflammatory signs were diminished. Similar to that in DSS-induced acute colitis, bath-applied nicotine (1 μM) gradually reduced regenerative multiple-spike action potentials in colonic DRG neurons to a single action potential in 3 wk post-DSS neurons. Nicotine (1 μM) shifted the activation curve for tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant sodium currents in inflamed colonic DRG neurons (voltage of half-activation changed from -37 to -32 mV) but did not affect TTX-sensitive currents in control colonic DRG neurons. Further, subcutaneous nicotine administration (2 mg/kg b.i.d.) in DSS-treated C57Bl/J6 male mice resulted in suppression of hyperexcitability of colonic DRG (L(1)-L(2)) neurons and the number of abdominal constrictions in response to intraperitoneal injection of 0.6% acetic acid. Collectively, the data suggest that neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated suppression of hyperexcitability of colonic DRG neurons attenuates reduction of visceral hypersensitivity in DSS mouse model of colonic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galya R. Abdrakhmanova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Minho Kang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - M. Imad Damaj
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Hamid I. Akbarali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
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Nakayama S. Frequency analysis may distinguish the effects of calcium antagonists on mechanical and electrical activity. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2012; 24:397; author reply 398. [PMID: 22414186 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2012.01882.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Beyder A, Farrugia G. Targeting ion channels for the treatment of gastrointestinal motility disorders. Therap Adv Gastroenterol 2012; 5:5-21. [PMID: 22282704 PMCID: PMC3263980 DOI: 10.1177/1756283x11415892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) functional and motility disorders are highly prevalent and responsible for long-term morbidity and sometimes mortality in the affected patients. It is estimated that one in three persons has a GI functional or motility disorder. However, diagnosis and treatment of these widespread conditions remains challenging. This partly stems from the multisystem pathophysiology, including processing abnormalities in the central and peripheral (enteric) nervous systems and motor dysfunction in the GI wall. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are central to the generation and propagation of the cyclical electrical activity and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are responsible for electromechanical coupling. In these and other excitable cells voltage-sensitive ion channels (VSICs) are the main molecular units that generate and regulate electrical activity. Thus, VSICs are potential targets for intervention in GI motility disorders. Research in this area has flourished with advances in the experimental methods in molecular and structural biology and electrophysiology. However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the complex and variable electrical behavior of ICCs and SMCs remains incomplete. In this review, we focus on the slow waves and action potentials in ICCs and SMCs. We describe the constituent VSICs, which include voltage-gated sodium (Na(V)), calcium (Ca(V)), potassium (K(V), K(Ca)), chloride (Cl(-)) and nonselective ion channels (transient receptor potentials [TRPs]). VSICs have significant structural homology and common functional mechanisms. We outline the approaches and limitations and provide examples of targeting VSICs at the pores, voltage sensors and alternatively spliced sites. Rational drug design can come from an integrated view of the structure and mechanisms of gating and activation by voltage or mechanical stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Beyder
- Enteric Neuroscience Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Caddell KA, Martindale R, McClave SA, Miller K. Can the intestinal dysmotility of critical illness be differentiated from postoperative ileus? Curr Gastroenterol Rep 2011; 13:358-367. [PMID: 21626118 DOI: 10.1007/s11894-011-0206-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal dysmotility is commonly noted in the intensive care unit and postoperative settings. Characterized by delayed passage of stool and flatus, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distention, the condition is associated with nutritional deficiencies, risk of aspiration, and considerable allocation of health care resources. Knowledge of gastrointestinal function in health and illness continues to expand. While the factors that precipitate ileus differ between postoperative and critically ill patients, the two clinical scenarios seem to have similar mechanisms and share many of the same pathophysiologic patterns. By reviewing and comparing the literature on the respective mechanisms and contributing factors generated in these separate clinical settings, a common more comprehensive management strategy may be derived with the potential for newer innovative therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk A Caddell
- Department of Surgery, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR 97239-3098, USA
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