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Zhu X, Chen A, Butler NM, Zeng Z, Xin H, Wang L, Lv Z, Eshel D, Douches DS, Jiang J. Molecular dissection of an intronic enhancer governing cold-induced expression of the vacuolar invertase gene in potato. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1985-1999. [PMID: 38374801 PMCID: PMC11062429 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) is the third most important food crop in the world. Potato tubers must be stored at cold temperatures to minimize sprouting and losses due to disease. However, cold temperatures strongly induce the expression of the potato vacuolar invertase gene (VInv) and cause reducing sugar accumulation. This process, referred to as "cold-induced sweetening," is a major postharvest problem for the potato industry. We discovered that the cold-induced expression of VInv is controlled by a 200 bp enhancer, VInvIn2En, located in its second intron. We identified several DNA motifs in VInvIn2En that bind transcription factors involved in the plant cold stress response. Mutation of these DNA motifs abolished VInvIn2En function as a transcriptional enhancer. We developed VInvIn2En deletion lines in both diploid and tetraploid potato using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 (Cas9)-mediated gene editing. VInv transcription in cold-stored tubers was significantly reduced in the deletion lines. Interestingly, the VInvIn2En sequence is highly conserved among distantly related Solanum species, including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and other non-tuber-bearing species. We conclude that the VInv gene and the VInvIn2En enhancer have adopted distinct roles in the cold stress response in tubers of tuber-bearing Solanum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobiao Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, China
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Airu Chen
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, China
| | - Nathaniel M Butler
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Vegetable Crops Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Zixian Zeng
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Biological Science, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, Sichuan Province, China
- Plant Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Center, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610101, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Haoyang Xin
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Lixia Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhaoyan Lv
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Biology, School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui Province, China
| | - Dani Eshel
- Department of Postharvest Science, The Volcani Institute, ARO, Rishon LeZion 50250, Israel
| | - David S Douches
- Department of Plant, Soil, and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Michigan State University AgBioResearch, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jiming Jiang
- Department of Horticulture, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Michigan State University AgBioResearch, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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Visse-Mansiaux M, Shumbe L, Brostaux Y, Ballmer T, Smit I, Dupuis B, Vanderschuren H. Identification of potato varieties suitable for cold storage and reconditioning: A safer alternative to anti-sprouting chemicals for potato sprouting control. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114249. [PMID: 38609227 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Low temperature storage as an alternative to anti-sprouting chemicals in potato storage may induce reducing sugars (RS) accumulation (i.e. glucose and fructose) in potato tubers. This phenomenon is called "cold induced sweetening" (CIS) and occurs in certain varieties. CIS leads to a decrease in the organoleptic qualities and darkening of processed potato and the accumulation of toxic molecules such as acrylamide. To identify potato varieties suitable for storage at low temperatures, we screened six commercial processing varieties: Lady Claire (LC), Verdi, Kiebitz (KB), Pirol, Agria and Markies for their CIS characteristics and sprout-forming potential after storage at 4 °C and 8 °C. Our findings reveal that 4 °C storage allows for efficient sprout reduction in all six tested varieties for up to 4.5 months of storage. Three CIS-resistant varieties, namely Verdi, Lady Claire and Kiebitz, were identified as able to be stored for up to four months at 4 °C with limited increase in glucose content. Conversely, Pirol, Agria and Markies showed an increase in glucose content with a decrease in storage temperature and can be considered as CIS-susceptible varieties. After processing into crisps, the CIS-susceptible varieties displayed poor crisp color quality (brown to black color crisps) after storage for two months at 4 °C compared to the storage at 8 °C, whereas the CIS-resistant varieties had good crisp color quality (pale yellow color crisps) after storage at both 4 and 8 °C. Interestingly, the trends of total RS and/or glucose content in the CIS-resistant and in the CIS-susceptible varieties were correlated with the trends in Vacuolar Invertase (VInv) gene expression for most varieties, as well as with the trends in acrylamide content after processing. In addition, reconditioning of Markies variety after storage at 4 °C by gradually increasing the temperature to 15 °C resulted in a significant decrease of VInv transcript levels (reduction of 80 %), acrylamide content (reduction of 75 %) and glucose content when compared to a storage at 4 °C without reconditioning. Those results demonstrate that the reconditioning technique is a key factor for a sustainable potato storage and for improving the quality of processed potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Visse-Mansiaux
- Agroscope, Swiss Confederation's Center for Agricultural Research, Plant-Production Systems, Cultivation Techniques and Varieties in Arable Farming, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland; Plant Genetics Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Leonard Shumbe
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Yves Brostaux
- Applied Statistics, Computer Science and Modeling Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
| | - Theodor Ballmer
- Agroscope, Swiss Confederation's Center for Agricultural Research, Plant-Production Systems, Cultivation Techniques and Varieties in Arable Farming, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland.
| | - Inga Smit
- Max Rubner-Institut (MRI), Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Safety and Quality of Cereals, Detmold, Germany.
| | - Brice Dupuis
- Agroscope, Swiss Confederation's Center for Agricultural Research, Plant-Production Systems, Cultivation Techniques and Varieties in Arable Farming, Route de Duillier 50, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland.
| | - Hervé Vanderschuren
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, TERRA Teaching and Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium; Tropical Crop Improvement Laboratory, Biosystems Department, KU Leuven, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium.
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3
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Ji HS, Hyun TK. Physiological and sucrose metabolic responses to waterlogging stress in balloon flower ( Platycodon grandiflorus ( Jacq.) A. DC). PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 29:591-600. [PMID: 37181045 PMCID: PMC10148697 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-023-01310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Waterlogging stress is a major limiting factor resulting in stunted growth and loss of crop productivity, especially for root crops. However, physiological responses to waterlogging have been studied in only a few plant models. To gain insight into how balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC) responds to waterlogging stress, we investigate changes to sucrose metabolism combined with a physiological analysis. Although waterlogging stress decreased the photosynthetic rate in balloon flower, leaves exhibited an increase in glucose (ninefold), fructose (4.7-fold), and sucrose (2.1-fold), indicating inhibition of sugar transport via the phloem. In addition, roots showed a typical response to hypoxia, such as the accumulation of proline (4.5-fold higher than in control roots) and soluble sugars (2.1-fold higher than in control roots). The activities and expression patterns of sucrose catabolizing enzymes suggest that waterlogging stress leads to a shift in the pathway of sucrose degradation from invertase to sucrose synthase (Susy), which consumes less ATP. Furthermore, we suggest that the waterlogging-stress-induced gene PlgSusy1 encodes the functional Susy enzyme, which may contribute to improving tolerance in balloon flower to waterlogging. As a first step toward understanding the waterlogging-induced regulatory mechanisms in balloon flower, we provide a solid foundation for further understanding waterlogging-induced alterations in source-sink relationships. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-023-01310-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Seong Ji
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Kyung Hyun
- Department of Industrial Plant Science and Technology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, 28644 Republic of Korea
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Ma L, Liu Y, Han Y, Deng H, Jiang H, Ren Y, Bi Y, Wang Y, Prusky D. Mechanical wounds expedited starch degradation in the wound tissues of potato tubers. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 236:124036. [PMID: 36921818 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Starch degradation occurs rapidly in stressed plants, but it is unclear how starch degradation occurs in potato tubers after they incur mechanical wounding. In this study, we found that wounding significantly upregulated the expression levels of StGWD, StAMY, StBAM, and StISA, and decreased the starch content of potato tubers. Meanwhile, wounding markedly upregulated the expression levels of StSUS, StBG, and StINV genes, and increased the content of sucrose, glucose, and fructose. Furthermore, wounding reduced the proportion of small starch granules and increase that of large as well as medium starch granules, in this way enhancing the average size distribution of starch. Initially, the hard surface layer of starch granules was removed by wounding, but the internal channels and other structures were only slightly affected. Taken together, the results show that wounding can accelerate starch degradation by promoting the accumulation of sucrose, glucose, and fructose, and the hydrolysis of starch granules in potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ma
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yongxiang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ye Han
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huiwen Deng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yingyue Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yang Bi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Dov Prusky
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, Rishon LeZion 7505101, Israel
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Jaiswal S, Paul K, Raman KV, Tyagi S, Saakre M, Tilgam J, Bhattacharjee S, Vijayan J, Mondal KK, Sreevathsa R, Pattanayak D. Amelioration of cold-induced sweetening in potato by RNAi mediated silencing of StUGPase encoding UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1133029. [PMID: 36875591 PMCID: PMC9981964 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1133029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cold-induced sweetening (CIS) is an unwanted physiological phenomenon in which reducing sugars (RS) get accumulated in potato (Solanum tuberosum) upon cold storage. High RS content makes potato commercially unsuitable for processing due to the unacceptable brown color in processed products like chips, fries, etc., and the production of a potential carcinogen, acrylamide. UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) catalyzes the synthesis of UDP-glucose towards the synthesis of sucrose and is also involved in the regulation of CIS in potato. The objective of the present work was RNAi-mediated downregulation of the StUGPase expression level in potato for the development of CIS tolerant potato. Hairpin RNA (hpRNA) gene construct was developed by placing UGPase cDNA fragment in sense and antisense orientation intervened by GBSS intron. Internodal stem explants (cv. Kufri Chipsona-4) were transformed with hpRNA gene construct, and 22 transgenic lines were obtained by PCR screening of putative transformants. Four transgenic lines showed the highest level of RS content reduction following 30 days of cold storage, with reductions in sucrose and RS (glucose & fructose) levels of up to 46% and 57.5%, respectively. Cold stored transgenic potato of these four lines produced acceptable chip colour upon processing. The selected transgenic lines carried two to five copies of the transgene. Northern hybridization revealed an accumulation of siRNA with a concomitant decrease in the StUGPase transcript level in these selected transgenic lines. The present work demonstrates the efficacy of StUGPase silencing in controlling CIS in potato, and the strategy can be employed for the development of CIS tolerant potato varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Jaiswal
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Post Graduate (PG) School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Krishnayan Paul
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Post Graduate (PG) School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - K. Venkat Raman
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Tyagi
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Manjesh Saakre
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Post Graduate (PG) School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyotsana Tilgam
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Post Graduate (PG) School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sougata Bhattacharjee
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Post Graduate (PG) School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Joshitha Vijayan
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Kalyan Kumar Mondal
- Division of Plant Pathology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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6
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Ly DNP, Iqbal S, Fosu-Nyarko J, Milroy S, Jones MGK. Multiplex CRISPR-Cas9 Gene-Editing Can Deliver Potato Cultivars with Reduced Browning and Acrylamide. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020379. [PMID: 36679094 PMCID: PMC9864857 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Storing potato tubers at cold temperatures, either for transport or continuity of supply, is associated with the conversion of sucrose to reducing sugars. When cold-stored cut tubers are processed at high temperatures, with endogenous asparagine, acrylamide is formed. Acrylamide is classified as a carcinogen. Potato processors prefer cultivars which accumulate fewer reducing sugars and thus less acrylamide on processing, and suitable processing cultivars may not be available. We used CRISPR-Cas9 to disrupt the genes encoding vacuolar invertase (VInv) and asparagine synthetase 1 (AS1) of cultivars Atlantic and Desiree to reduce the accumulation of reducing sugars and the production of asparagine after cold storage. Three of the four guide RNAs employed induced mutation frequencies of 17-98%, which resulted in deletions, insertions and substitutions at the targeted gene sites. Eight of ten edited events had mutations in at least one allele of both genes; for two, only the VInv was edited. No wild-type allele was detected in both genes of events DSpco7, DSpFN4 and DSpco12, suggesting full allelic mutations. Tubers of two Atlantic and two Desiree events had reduced fructose and glucose concentrations after cold storage. Crisps from these and four other Desiree events were lighter in colour and included those with 85% less acrylamide. These results demonstrate that multiplex CRISPR-Cas9 technology can generate improved potato cultivars for healthier processed potato products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diem Nguyen Phuoc Ly
- Crop Biotechnology Research Group, School of Agricultural Sciences, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Sadia Iqbal
- Crop Biotechnology Research Group, School of Agricultural Sciences, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.I.); (J.F.-N.); (M.G.K.J.)
| | - John Fosu-Nyarko
- Crop Biotechnology Research Group, School of Agricultural Sciences, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.I.); (J.F.-N.); (M.G.K.J.)
| | - Stephen Milroy
- Crop Biotechnology Research Group, School of Agricultural Sciences, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Potato Research Western Australia, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Michael G. K. Jones
- Crop Biotechnology Research Group, School of Agricultural Sciences, College of Environmental and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Centre for Crop and Food Innovation, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Potato Research Western Australia, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.I.); (J.F.-N.); (M.G.K.J.)
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Chincinska IA, Miklaszewska M, Sołtys-Kalina D. Recent advances and challenges in potato improvement using CRISPR/Cas genome editing. PLANTA 2022; 257:25. [PMID: 36562862 PMCID: PMC9789015 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-04054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Genome editing using CRISPR/Cas technology improves the quality of potato as a food crop and enables its use as both a model plant in fundamental research and as a potential biofactory for producing valuable compounds for industrial applications. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plays a significant role in ensuring global food and nutritional security. Tuber yield is negatively affected by biotic and abiotic stresses, and enzymatic browning and cold-induced sweetening significantly contribute to post-harvest quality losses. With the dual challenges of a growing population and a changing climate, potato enhancement is essential for its sustainable production. However, due to several characteristics of potato, including high levels of heterozygosity, tetrasomic inheritance, inbreeding depression, and self-incompatibility of diploid potato, conventional breeding practices are insufficient to achieve substantial trait improvement in tetraploid potato cultivars within a relatively short time. CRISPR/Cas-mediated genome editing has opened new possibilities to develop novel potato varieties with high commercialization potential. In this review, we summarize recent developments in optimizing CRISPR/Cas-based methods for potato genome editing, focusing on approaches addressing the challenging biology of this species. We also discuss the feasibility of obtaining transgene-free genome-edited potato varieties and explore different strategies to improve potato stress resistance, nutritional value, starch composition, and storage and processing characteristics. Altogether, this review provides insight into recent advances, possible bottlenecks, and future research directions in potato genome editing using CRISPR/Cas technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Anna Chincinska
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Miklaszewska
- Department of Functional and Evolutionary Ecology, Division of Molecular Systems Biology (MOSYS), Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dorota Sołtys-Kalina
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, Platanowa 19, 05-831, Młochów, Poland
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Shi W, Ma Q, Yin W, Liu T, Song Y, Chen Y, Song L, Sun H, Hu S, Liu T, Jiang R, Lv D, Song B, Wang J, Liu X. The transcription factor StTINY3 enhances cold-induced sweetening resistance by coordinating starch resynthesis and sucrose hydrolysis in potato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:4968-4980. [PMID: 35511088 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of reducing sugars in cold-stored tubers, known as cold-induced sweetening (CIS), negatively affects potato processing quality. The starch to sugar interconversion pathways that are altered in cold-stored CIS tubers have been elucidated, but the mechanism that regulates them remains largely unknown. This study identified a CBF/DREB transcription factor (StTINY3) that enhances CIS resistance by both activating starch biosynthesis and repressing the hydrolysis of sucrose to reducing sugars in detached cold-stored tubers. Silencing StTINY3 in a CIS-resistant genotype decreased CIS resistance, while overexpressing StTINY3 in a CIS-sensitive genotype increased CIS resistance, and altering StTINY3 expression was associated with expression changes in starch resynthesis-related genes. We showed first that overexpressing StTINY3 inhibited sucrose hydrolysis by enhancing expression of the invertase inhibitor gene StInvInh2, and second that StTINY3 promoted starch resynthesis by up-regulating a large subunit of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase gene StAGPaseL3, and the glucose-6-phosphate transporter gene StG6PT2. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we revealed that StTINY3 is a nuclear-localized transcriptional activator that directly binds to the dehydration-responsive element/CRT cis-element in the promoters of StInvInh2 and StAGPaseL3. Taken together, these findings established that StTINY3 influences CIS resistance in cold-stored tubers by coordinately modulating the starch to sugar interconversion pathways and is a good target for improving potato processing quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Shi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education. Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Qiuqin Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Wang Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education. Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yuhao Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuanya Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Linjin Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Hui Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Shuting Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education. Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Dianqiu Lv
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education. Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Jichun Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xun Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
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9
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Sergeeva EM, Larichev KT, Salina EA, Kochetov AV. Starch metabolism in potato <i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2022; 26:250-263. [PMID: 35774362 PMCID: PMC9168746 DOI: 10.18699/vjgb-22-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch is a major storage carbohydrate in plants. It is an important source of calories in the human and animal diet. Also, it is widely used in various industries. Native starch consists of water-insoluble semicrystalline granules formed by natural glucose polymers amylose and amylopectin. The physicochemical properties of starch are determined by the amylose:amylopectin ratio in the granule and degrees of their polymerization and phosphorylation. Potato Solanum tuberosum L. is one of the main starch-producing crops. Growing industrial needs necessitate the breeding of plant varieties with increased starch content and specified starch properties. This task demands detailed information on starch metabolism in the producing plant. It is a complex process, requiring the orchestrated work of many enzymes, transporter and targeting proteins, transcription factors, and other regulators. Two types of starch are recognized with regard to their biological functions. Transitory starch is synthesized in chloroplasts of photosynthetic organs and degraded in the absence of light, providing carbohydrates for cell needs. Storage starch is synthesized and stored in amyloplasts of storage organs: grains and tubers. The main enzymatic reactions of starch biosynthesis and degradation, as well as carbohydrate transport and metabolism, are well known in the case of transitory starch of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Less is known about features of starch metabolism in storage organs, in particular, potato tubers. Several issues remain obscure: the roles of enzyme isoforms and different regulatory factors in tissues at various plant developmental stages and under different environmental conditions; alternative enzymatic processes; targeting and transport proteins. In this review, the key enzymatic reactions of plant carbohydrate metabolism, transitory and storage starch biosynthesis,
and starch degradation are discussed, and features specific for potato are outlined. Attention is also paid to the
known regulatory factors affecting starch metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Sergeeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - K. T. Larichev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - E. A. Salina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - A. V. Kochetov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
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10
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Coculo D, Lionetti V. The Plant Invertase/Pectin Methylesterase Inhibitor Superfamily. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:863892. [PMID: 35401607 PMCID: PMC8990755 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Invertases (INVs) and pectin methylesterases (PMEs) are essential enzymes coordinating carbohydrate metabolism, stress responses, and sugar signaling. INVs catalyzes the cleavage of sucrose into glucose and fructose, exerting a pivotal role in sucrose metabolism, cellulose biosynthesis, nitrogen uptake, reactive oxygen species scavenging as well as osmotic stress adaptation. PMEs exert a dynamic control of pectin methylesterification to manage cell adhesion, cell wall porosity, and elasticity, as well as perception and signaling of stresses. INV and PME activities can be regulated by specific proteinaceous inhibitors, named INV inhibitors (INVIs) and PME Inhibitors (PMEIs). Despite targeting different enzymes, INVIs and PMEIs belong to the same large protein family named "Plant Invertase/Pectin Methylesterase Inhibitor Superfamily." INVIs and PMEIs, while showing a low aa sequence identity, they share several structural properties. The two inhibitors showed mainly alpha-helices in their secondary structure and both form a non-covalent 1:1 complex with their enzymatic counterpart. Some PMEI members are organized in a gene cluster with specific PMEs. Although the most important physiological information was obtained in Arabidopsis thaliana, there are now several characterized INVI/PMEIs in different plant species. This review provides an integrated and updated overview of this fascinating superfamily, from the specific activity of characterized isoforms to their specific functions in plant physiology. We also highlight INVI/PMEIs as biotechnological tools to control different aspects of plant growth and defense. Some isoforms are discussed in view of their potential applications to improve industrial processes. A review of the nomenclature of some isoforms is carried out to eliminate confusion about the identity and the names of some INVI/PMEI member. Open questions, shortcoming, and opportunities for future research are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Lionetti
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “C. Darwin”, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
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11
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Development of kinetic models for prediction of reducing sugar content in potatoes using literature data on multiple potato varieties. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Engineering Properties of Sweet Potato Starch for Industrial Applications by Biotechnological Techniques including Genome Editing. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179533. [PMID: 34502441 PMCID: PMC8431112 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) is one of the largest food crops in the world. Due to its abundance of starch, sweet potato is a valuable ingredient in food derivatives, dietary supplements, and industrial raw materials. In addition, due to its ability to adapt to a wide range of harsh climate and soil conditions, sweet potato is a crop that copes well with the environmental stresses caused by climate change. However, due to the complexity of the sweet potato genome and the long breeding cycle, our ability to modify sweet potato starch is limited. In this review, we cover the recent development in sweet potato breeding, understanding of starch properties, and the progress in sweet potato genomics. We describe the applicational values of sweet potato starch in food, industrial products, and biofuel, in addition to the effects of starch properties in different industrial applications. We also explore the possibility of manipulating starch properties through biotechnological means, such as the CRISPR/Cas-based genome editing. The ability to target the genome with precision provides new opportunities for reducing breeding time, increasing yield, and optimizing the starch properties of sweet potatoes.
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13
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Feng Z, Zheng F, Wu S, Li R, Li Y, Zhong J, Zhao H. Functional Characterization of a Cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) Vacuolar Invertase, CsVI1, Involved in Hexose Accumulation and Response to Low Temperature Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179365. [PMID: 34502273 PMCID: PMC8431200 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), an important vegetable plant species, is susceptible to low temperature stress especially during the seedling stage. Vacuolar invertase (VI) plays important roles in plant responses to abiotic stress. However, the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of VI function in cucumber, have not yet been completely understood and VI responses to low temperature stress and it functions in cold tolerance in cucumber seedlings are also in need of exploration. The present study found that hexose accumulation in the roots of cucumber seedlings under low temperature stress is closely related to the observed enhancement of invertase activity. Our genome-wide search for the vacuolar invertase (VI) genes in cucumber identified the candidate VI-encoding gene CsVI1. Expression profiling of CsVI1 showed that it was mainly expressed in the young roots of cucumber seedlings. In addition, transcriptional analysis indicated that CsVI1 expression could respond to low temperature stress. Recombinant CsVI1 proteins purified from Pichia pastoris and Nicotiana benthamiana leaves could hydrolyze sucrose into hexoses. Further, overexpression of CsVI1 in cucumber plants could increase their hexose contents and improve their low temperature tolerance. Lastly, a putative cucumber invertase inhibitor was found could form a complex with CsVI1. In summary, these results confirmed that CsVI1 functions as an acid invertase involved in hexose accumulation and responds to low temperature stress in cucumber seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zili Feng
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 732001, China;
| | - Fenghua Zheng
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.Z.); (S.W.); (R.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Silin Wu
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.Z.); (S.W.); (R.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Rui Li
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.Z.); (S.W.); (R.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yue Li
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.Z.); (S.W.); (R.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jiaxin Zhong
- Centre for Organismal Studies Heidelberg, Department of Plant Molecular Physiology, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (F.Z.); (S.W.); (R.L.); (Y.L.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Shi W, Song Y, Liu T, Ma Q, Yin W, Shen Y, Liu T, Jiang C, Zhang K, Lv D, Song B, Wang J, Liu X. StRAP2.3, an ERF-VII transcription factor, directly activates StInvInh2 to enhance cold-induced sweetening resistance in potato. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2021; 8:82. [PMID: 33790269 PMCID: PMC8012585 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00522-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Potato invertase inhibitor (StInvInh2) positively regulates cold-induced sweetening (CIS) resistance by inhibiting the activity of vacuolar invertase. The distinct expression patterns of StInvInh2 have been thoroughly characterized in different potato genotypes, but the related CIS ability has not been characterized. The understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that control StInvInh2 transcription is unclear. In this study, we identified an ERF-VII transcription factor, StRAP2.3, that directly regulates StInvInh2 to positively modulate CIS resistance. Acting as a nuclear-localized transcriptional activator, StRAP2.3 directly binds the ACCGAC cis-element in the promoter region of StInvInh2, enabling promoter activity. Overexpression of StRAP2.3 in CIS-sensitive potato tubers induced StInvInh2 mRNA abundance and increased CIS resistance. In contrast, silencing StRAP2.3 in CIS-resistant potato tubers repressed the expression of StInvInh2 and decreased CIS resistance. We conclude that cold-responsive StInvInh2 is due to the binding of StRAP2.3 to the ACCGAC cis-element in the promoter region of StInvInh2. Overall, these findings indicate that StRAP2.3 directly regulates StInvInh2 to positively modulate CIS resistance, which may provide a strategy to improve the processing quality of potatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiling Shi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhao Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiantian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuqin Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wang Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchen Shen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunyan Jiang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianqiu Lv
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jichun Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xun Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Breeding for Tuber and Root Crops; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Tosetti R, Waters A, Chope G, Cools K, Alamar M, McWilliam S, Thompson A, Terry L. New insights into the effects of ethylene on ABA catabolism, sweetening and dormancy in stored potato tubers. POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 173:111420. [PMID: 33658745 PMCID: PMC7814342 DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2020.111420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Continuous ethylene supplementation suppresses postharvest sprouting, but it can increase reducing sugars, limiting its use as an alternative to chlorpropham for processing potatoes. To elucidate the mechanisms involved, tubers were treated after curing with or without the ethylene binding inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP at 1 μL L-1 for 24 h), and then stored in air or air supplemented with continuous ethylene (10 μL L-1). Across three consecutive seasons, changes in tuber physiology were assessed alongside transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis. Exogenous ethylene alone consistently induced a respiratory rise and the accumulation of undesirable reducing sugars. The transient respiratory peak was preceded by the strong upregulation of two genes encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO), typical of wound and stress induced ethylene production. Profiles of parenchymatic tissue highlighted that ethylene triggered abscisic acid (ABA) catabolism, evidenced by a steep fall in ABA levels and a transient rise in the catabolite phaseic acid, accompanied by upregulation of transcripts encoding an ABA 8'-hydroxylase. Moreover, analysis of non-structural carbohydrate-related genes revealed that ethylene strongly downregulated the expression of the Kunitz-type invertase inhibitor, already known to be involved in cold-induced sweetening. All these ethylene-induced effects were negated by 1-MCP with one notable exception: 1-MCP enhanced the sprout suppressing effect of ethylene whilst preventing ethylene-induced sweetening. This study supports the conclusions that: i) tubers adapt to ethylene by regulating conserved pathways (e.g. ABA catabolism); ii) ethylene-induced sweetening acts independently from sprout suppression, and is similar to cold-induced sugar accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Tosetti
- Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - A. Waters
- PepsiCo Inc., 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - G.A. Chope
- PepsiCo International Limited, Beaumont Park, 4 Leycroft Road, Leicester, LE4 1ET, UK
| | - K. Cools
- Postharvest BioScience Consultant, Binfield, Berkshire, RG42 5LG, UK
| | - M.C. Alamar
- Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - S. McWilliam
- PepsiCo International Limited, Beaumont Park, 4 Leycroft Road, Leicester, LE4 1ET, UK
| | - A.J. Thompson
- Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
| | - L.A. Terry
- Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, Cranfield, MK43 0AL, UK
- Corresponding author.
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16
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Hameed A, Mehmood MA, Shahid M, Fatma S, Khan A, Ali S. Prospects for potato genome editing to engineer resistance against viruses and cold-induced sweetening. GM CROPS & FOOD 2020; 11:185-205. [PMID: 31280681 DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2019.1631115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Crop improvement through transgenic technologies is commonly tagged with GMO (genetically-modified-organisms) where the presence of transgene becomes a big question for the society and the legislation authorities. However, new plant breeding techniques like CRISPR/Cas9 system [clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-associated 9] can overcome these limitations through transgene-free products. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) being a major food crop has the potential to feed the rising world population. Unfortunately, the cultivated potato suffers considerable production losses due to several pre- and post-harvest stresses such as plant viruses (majorly RNA viruses) and cold-induced sweetening (CIS; the conversion of sucrose to glucose and fructose inside cell vacuole). A number of strategies, ranging from crop breeding to genetic engineering, have been employed so far in potato for trait improvement. Recently, new breeding techniques have been utilized to knock-out potato genes/factors like eukaryotic translation initiation factors [elF4E and isoform elF(iso)4E)], that interact with viruses to assist viral infection, and vacuolar invertase, a core enzyme in CIS. In this context, CRISPR technology is predicted to reduce the cost of potato production and is likely to pass through the regulatory process being marker and transgene-free. The current review summarizes the potential application of the CRISPR/Cas9 system for traits improvement in potato. Moreover, the prospects for engineering resistance against potato fungal pathogens and current limitations/challenges are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hameed
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Akhuwat Faisalabad Institute of Research Science and Technology , Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamer Mehmood
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad , Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad , Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shabih Fatma
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE) , Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Aysha Khan
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Akhuwat Faisalabad Institute of Research Science and Technology , Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sumbal Ali
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Akhuwat Faisalabad Institute of Research Science and Technology , Faisalabad, Pakistan
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17
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Wang X, Chen Y, Jiang S, Xu F, Wang H, Wei Y, Shao X. PpINH1, an invertase inhibitor, interacts with vacuolar invertase PpVIN2 in regulating the chilling tolerance of peach fruit. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:168. [PMID: 33082974 PMCID: PMC7527553 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose metabolism, particularly the decomposition of sucrose by invertase, plays a central role in plant responses to cold stress. Invertase inhibitors (INHs) evolved in higher plants as essential regulators of sucrose metabolism. By limiting invertase activity, INHs keep cellular sugar levels elevated, which provides enhanced protection to plants under stress. Our results showed that the expression of PpVIN2, the only vacuolar invertase (VIN) gene in peach fruit sensitive to chilling temperatures, increases significantly during cold storage, while VIN enzyme activity increases more modestly. We also found that peach fruit transiently overexpressing PpINH1 had decreased VIN activity. Interactions of PpINH1 and PpVIN2 with recombinant proteins were shown by yeast two-hybrid assays and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, as well as in vitro. During cold storage, trehalose-treated peach fruit had significantly increased PpINH1 expression, decreased VIN enzyme activity, and significantly higher sucrose content than did untreated fruit. As a result, the treated fruit had enhanced resistance to chilling injury. Collectively, our data show that the post-translational repression of VIN enzyme activity by PpINH1 helps maintain sucrose levels in peach fruit during cold storage, thereby improving resistance to chilling injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Shu Jiang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Feng Xu
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Hongfei Wang
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Yingying Wei
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
| | - Xingfeng Shao
- College of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ningbo University, 315800 Ningbo, China
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18
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Datir SS. Invertase inhibitors in potato: towards a biochemical and molecular understanding of cold-induced sweetening. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3804-3818. [PMID: 32838549 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1808876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Invertase inhibitors classified as cell wall/apoplastic and vacuolar belonging to the pectin methylesterase family, play a major role in cold-induced sweetening (CIS) process of potato tubers. The CIS process is controlled at the post-translational level via an interaction between invertase (cell wall/apoplastic and vacuolar) by their compartment-specific inhibitors (cell wall/apoplastic and vacuolar). Invertase inhibitors have been cloned, sequenced and functionally characterized from potato cultivars differing in their CIS ability. The secondary structure of the invertase inhibitors consisted of seven alpha-helices and four conserved cysteine residues. The well-conserved three amino acids i.e. Pro-Lys-Phe are known to interact with invertase. Location of the genes encoding cell wall/apoplastic and vacuolar invertase inhibitors on potato chromosome number twelve in a tandem orientation without any intervening genes suggest their divergence into the cell wall and vacuole forms following the event of gene duplication. Under cold storage conditions, the vacuolar invertase inhibitor gene showed developmentally regulated alternative splicing and produce hybrid mRNAs which were the result of mRNA splicing of an upstream region of vacuolar invertase inhibitor gene to a downstream region of the apoplastic invertase inhibitor gene. Transgenic potato tubers overexpressing invertase inhibitors resulted in decreased invertase activity, low reducing sugars and improved processing quality making invertase inhibitors highly potential candidate genes for overcoming CIS. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) gene-editing technology offers transgene-free breeding for developing CIS resistant potato cultivars. Moreover, the post-transcriptional regulation of invertase inhibitors during cold storage can be warranted. This review summarizes progress and current knowledge on biochemical and molecular approaches used for the understanding of invertase inhibitors with special reference to key findings in potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar S Datir
- Biology Department, Biosciences Complex, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Sun K, Zhang W, Yuan J, Song SL, Wu H, Tang MJ, Xu FJ, Xie XG, Dai CC. Nitrogen fertilizer-regulated plant-fungi interaction is related to root invertase-induced hexose generation. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2020; 96:5869223. [PMID: 32643762 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying nitrogen (N)-regulated plant-fungi interactions are not well understood. N application modulates plant carbohydrate (C) sinks and is involved in the overall plant-fungal association. We hypothesized that N regulates plant-fungi interactions by influencing the carbohydrate metabolism. The mutualistic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris was found to prioritize host hexose resources through in vitro culture assays and in planta inoculation. Rice-Ph. liquidambaris systems were exposed to N gradients ranging from N-deficient to N-abundant conditions to study whether and how the sugar composition was involved in the dynamics of N-mediated fungal colonization. We found that root soluble acid invertases were activated, resulting in increased hexose fluxes in inoculated roots. These fluxes positively influenced fungal colonization, especially under N-deficient conditions. Further experiments manipulating the carbohydrate composition and root invertase activity through sugar feeding, chemical treatments and the use of different soil types revealed that the external disturbance of root invertase could reduce endophytic colonization and eliminate endophyte-induced host benefits under N-deficient conditions. Collectively, these results suggest that the activation of root invertase is related to N deficiency-enhanced endophytic colonization via increased hexose generation. Certain combinations of farmland ecosystems with suitable N inputs could be implemented to maximize the benefits of plant-fungi associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shi-Li Song
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Meng-Jun Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fang-Ji Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xing-Guang Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Jiangsu Province, China
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20
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Liu X, Chen L, Shi W, Xu X, Li Z, Liu T, He Q, Xie C, Nie B, Song B. Comparative transcriptome reveals distinct starch-sugar interconversion patterns in potato genotypes contrasting for cold-induced sweetening capacity. Food Chem 2020; 334:127550. [PMID: 32693335 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Potato accumulates large amounts of soluble sugar during cold storage periods. However, a system based understanding of this process is still largely unknown. Here, we compared the dynamic cold-responded transcriptome of genotypes between cold-induced sweetening resistant (CIS-R) and cold-induced sweetening sensitive (CIS-S) in tubers. Comparative transcriptome revealed that activating the pathways of starch degradation, sucrose synthesis and hydrolysis could be common strategies in response to cold in both genotypes. Moreover, the variation in sugar accumulation between genotypes may be due to genetic differences in cold response, which could be mainly explained: CIS-R genotype was active in starch synthesis and attenuated in sucrose hydrolysis by promoting the coordinate expression of aseries ofgenes involved in starch-sugar interconversion. Additionally, transcription factors, the candidate master regulators of starch-sugar interconversion, were discussed. Taken together, this work has provided an avenue for studying the mechanism involved in the regulation of the CIS resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
| | - Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (South China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Weiling Shi
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhijing Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement for Tuber and Root Crops in Chongqing, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Qin He
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Bihua Nie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HZAU), Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Potato Biology and Biotechnology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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AMJAD A, JAVED MS, HAMEED A, HUSSAIN M, ISMAIL A. Changes in sugar contents and invertase activity during low temperature storage of various chipping potato cultivars. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.00219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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de Araújo NO, Véras MLM, Santos MNDS, de Araújo FF, Tello JPDJ, Finger FL. Sucrose degradation pathways in cold-induced sweetening and its impact on the non-enzymatic darkening in sweet potato root. Food Chem 2020; 312:125904. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Yang W, Chen S, Cheng Y, Zhang N, Ma Y, Wang W, Tian H, Li Y, Hussain S, Wang S. Cell wall/vacuolar inhibitor of fructosidase 1 regulates ABA response and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1744293. [PMID: 32213123 PMCID: PMC7194370 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1744293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
ABA regulates abiotic stress tolerance in plants via activating/repressing gene expression. However, the functions of many ABA response genes remained unknown. C/VIFs are proteinaceous inhibitors of the CWI and VI invertases. We report here the involvement of C/VIF1 in regulating ABA response and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis. We found that the expression level of C/VIF1 was increased in response to ABA treatment. By using CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, we generated transgene-free c/vif1 mutants. We also generated C/VIF1 overexpression plants by expressing C/VIF1 under the control of the 35S promoter. We examined ABA response of the 35S:C/VIF1 transgenic plants and the c/vif1 mutants by using seed germination and seedling greening assays, and found that the 35S:C/VIF1 transgenic plants showed an enhanced sensitivity to ABA treatment in both assays. On the other hand, the c/vif1 mutants showed slight enhanced tolerance to ABA only at the early stage of germination. We also found that salt tolerance was reduced in the 35S:C/VIF1 transgenic plants in seed germination assays, but slightly increased in the c/vif1 mutants. Taken together, our results suggest that C/VIF1 is an ABA response gene, and C/VIF1 is involved in the regulation of ABA response and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanxing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Hainan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Shucai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- College of Life Sciences, Linyi University, Linyi, China
- CONTACT Shucai Wang School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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Slugina MA, Filyushin MA, Meleshin AA, Shchennikova AV, Kochieva EZ. Differences in the Amylase Inhibitor Gene SbAI Expression in Potato during Long-Term Tuber Cold Storage and in Response to Short-Term Cold Stress. RUSS J GENET+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795420030163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Tai HH, Lagüe M, Thomson S, Aurousseau F, Neilson J, Murphy A, Bizimungu B, Davidson C, Deveaux V, Bègue Y, Wang HY, Xiong X, Jacobs JME. Tuber transcriptome profiling of eight potato cultivars with different cold-induced sweetening responses to cold storage. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 146:163-176. [PMID: 31756603 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Tubers are vegetative reproduction organs formed from underground extensions of the plant stem. Potato tubers are harvested and stored for months. Storage under cold temperatures of 2-4 °C is advantageous for supressing sprouting and diseases. However, development of reducing sugars can occur with cold storage through a process called cold-induced sweetening (CIS). CIS is undesirable as it leads to darkened color with fry processing. The purpose of the current study was to find differences in biological responses in eight cultivars with variation in CIS resistance. Transcriptome sequencing was done on tubers before and after cold storage and three approaches were taken for gene expression analysis: 1. Gene expression correlated with end-point glucose after cold storage, 2. Gene expression correlated with increased glucose after cold storage (after-before), and 3. Differential gene expression before and after cold storage. Cultivars with high CIS resistance (low glucose after cold) were found to increase expression of an invertase inhibitor gene and genes involved in DNA replication and repair after cold storage. The cultivars with low CIS resistance (high glucose after cold) showed increased expression of genes involved in abiotic stress response, gene expression, protein turnover and the mitochondria. There was a small number of genes with similar expression patterns for all cultivars including genes involved in cell wall strengthening and phospholipases. It is proposed that the pattern of gene expression is related to chilling-induced DNA damage repair and cold acclimation and that genetic variation in these processes are related to CIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen H Tai
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada.
| | - Martin Lagüe
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Susan Thomson
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Frédérique Aurousseau
- Sipre-Responsable Scientifique Création Variétale, Station de Recherche du Comité Nord, 76110, Bretteville du Grand Caux, France
| | - Jonathan Neilson
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Agnes Murphy
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Benoit Bizimungu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Charlotte Davidson
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Fredericton Research and Development Centre, P. O. Box 20280, 850 Lincoln Rd, Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - Virginie Deveaux
- Sipre-Responsable Scientifique Création Variétale, Station de Recherche du Comité Nord, 76110, Bretteville du Grand Caux, France
| | - Yves Bègue
- Sipre-Responsable Scientifique Création Variétale, Station de Recherche du Comité Nord, 76110, Bretteville du Grand Caux, France
| | - Hui Ying Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agriculture Univ, Hunan, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Xingyao Xiong
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Hunan Agriculture Univ, Hunan, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Jeanne M E Jacobs
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Identification and impact of stable prognostic biochemical markers for cold-induced sweetening resistance on selection efficiency in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) breeding programs. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225411. [PMID: 31891570 PMCID: PMC6938367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biochemical markers for cold-induced sweetening (CIS) resistance were tested for their stability over years and their use in selection of parents for crossing to achieve high selection efficiency in potato breeding programs. Two regulatory enzymes directly associated with reducing sugar (RS) accumulation during potato tubers cold storage were tested as a predictor for CIS resistance. These enzymes were studied in 33 potato clones from various breeding programs over four years. Clones with the presence of A-II isozymes of UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase) and low activity of vacuolar acid invertase (VAcInv) enzyme had increased resistance to cold-induced sweetening (CIS). Depending on the levels of these enzymes, clones were divided into class A, class B and class C. Clones categorized as class A had average RS of 0.73 mg per g FW after six months at 5.5°C storage. Class B and C had average RS of 1.15 and 3.80 mg per g FW respectively. The enzyme activity was closely associated with RS accumulation over long-term cold storage. The biochemical markers were found to be stable over the years. Repeated-measure analysis showed 75% chance of maintaining class from one year to the next and a 25% chance of switching, No clone switched between class A and class C, even across all four years. Application of these biochemical markers can identify clones with CIS resistance early in the selection process. Biochemical markers were used to select parents for crossing and six families were established. Results showed that with both parents from class A, 95% of their offspring had desirable glucose levels and chip color, which dropped to 52% when one parent was from class A and other from class B. These results suggest that two regulatory enzymes, i.e., UGPase and VAcInv, can be used as stable prognostic biochemical markers for CIS resistance for precise parent selection resulting in progenies with significantly higher percentage of clones with acceptable processing quality.
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Su T, Han M, Min J, Zhou H, Zhang Q, Zhao J, Fang Y. Functional Characterization of Invertase Inhibitors PtC/VIF1 and 2 Revealed Their Involvements in the Defense Response to Fungal Pathogen in Populus trichocarpa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1654. [PMID: 31969894 PMCID: PMC6960229 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In higher plants, cell wall invertase (CWI) and vacuolar invertase (VI) were considered to be essential coordinators in carbohydrate partitioning, sink strength determination, and stress responses. An increasing body of evidence revealed that the tight regulation of CWI and VI substantially depends on the post-translational mechanisms, which were mediated by small proteinaceous inhibitors (C/VIFs, Inhibitor of β-Fructosidases). As yet, the extensive survey of the molecular basis and biochemical property of C/VIFs remains largely unknown in black cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray), a model species of woody plants. In the present work, we have initiated a systematic review of the genomic structures, phylogenies, cis-regulatory elements, and conserved motifs as well as the tissue-specific expression, resulting in the identification of 39 genes encoding C/VIF in poplar genome. We characterized two putative invertase inhibitors PtC/VIF1 and 2, showing predominant transcript levels in the roots and highly divergent responses to the selected stress cues including fusarium wilt, drought, ABA, wound, and senescence. In silico prediction of the signal peptide hinted us that they both likely had the apoplastic targets. Based on the experimental visualization via the transient and stable transformation assays, we confirmed that PtC/VIF1 and 2 indeed secreted to the extracellular compartments. Further validation of their recombinant enzymes revealed that they displayed the potent inhibitory affinities on the extracted CWI, supporting the patterns that act as the typical apoplastic invertase inhibitors. To our knowledge, it is the first report on molecular characterization of the functional C/VIF proteins in poplar. Our results indicate that PtC/VIF1 and 2 may exert essential roles in defense- and stress-related responses. Moreover, novel findings of the up- and downregulated C/VIF genes and functional enzyme activities enable us to further unravel the molecular mechanisms in the promotion of woody plant performance and adapted-biotic stress, underlying the homeostatic control of sugar in the apoplast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Mei Han, ;
| | - Jie Min
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huaiye Zhou
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- College of Forest, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- College of Forest, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanming Fang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
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Su T, Han M, Min J, Chen P, Mao Y, Huang Q, Tong Q, Liu Q, Fang Y. Genome-Wide Survey of Invertase Encoding Genes and Functional Characterization of an Extracellular Fungal Pathogen-Responsive Invertase in Glycine max. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2395. [PMID: 30110937 PMCID: PMC6121457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19082395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Invertases are essential enzymes that irreversibly catalyze the cleavage of sucrose into glucose and fructose. Cell wall invertase (CWI) and vacuolar invertase (VI) are glycosylated proteins and exert fundamental roles in plant growth as well as in response to environmental cues. As yet, comprehensive insight into invertase encoding genes are lacking in Glycine max. In the present study, the systematic survey of gene structures, coding regions, regulatory elements, conserved motifs, and phylogenies resulted in the identification of thirty⁻two putative invertase genes in soybean genome. Concomitantly, impacts on gene expression, enzyme activities, proteins, and soluble sugar accumulation were explored in specific tissues upon stress perturbation. In combination with the observation of subcellular compartmentation of the fluorescent fusion protein that indeed exported to apoplast, heterologous expression, and purification in using Pichia pastoris system revealed that GmCWI4 was a typical extracellular invertase. We postulated that GmCWI4 may play regulatory roles and be involved in pathogenic fungi defense. The experimental evaluation of physiological significance via phenotypic analysis of mutants under stress exposure has been initiated. Moreover, our paper provides theoretical basis for elucidating molecular mechanisms of invertase in association with inhibitors underlying the stress regime, and will contribute to the improvement of plant performance to a diverse range of stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Jie Min
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Peixian Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yuxin Mao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Qiao Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Qian Tong
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Qiuchen Liu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
| | - Yanming Fang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
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Okeke UG, Akdemir D, Rabbi I, Kulakow P, Jannink JL. Regional Heritability Mapping Provides Insights into Dry Matter Content in African White and Yellow Cassava Populations. THE PLANT GENOME 2018; 11:10.3835/plantgenome2017.06.0050. [PMID: 29505634 PMCID: PMC7822058 DOI: 10.3835/plantgenome2017.06.0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The HarvestPlus program for cassava ( Crantz) fortifies cassava with β-carotene by breeding for carotene-rich tubers (yellow cassava). However, a negative correlation between yellowness and dry matter (DM) content has been identified. We investigated the genetic control of DM in white and yellow cassava. We used regional heritability mapping (RHM) to associate DM with genomic segments in both subpopulations. Significant segments were subjected to candidate gene analysis and candidates were validated with prediction accuracies. The RHM procedure was validated via a simulation approach and revealed significant hits for white cassava on chromosomes 1, 4, 5, 10, 17, and 18, whereas hits for the yellow were on chromosome 1. Candidate gene analysis revealed genes in the carbohydrate biosynthesis pathway including plant serine-threonine protein kinases (SnRKs), UDP (uridine diphosphate)-glycosyltransferases, UDP-sugar transporters, invertases, pectinases, and regulons. Validation using 1252 unique identifiers from the SnRK gene family genome-wide recovered 50% of the predictive accuracy of whole-genome single nucleotide polymorphisms for DM, whereas validation using 53 likely genes (extracted from the literature) from significant segments recovered 32%. Genes including an acid invertase, a neutral or alkaline invertase, and a glucose-6-phosphate isomerase were validated on the basis of an a priori list for the cassava starch pathway, and also a fructose-biphosphate aldolase from the Calvin cycle pathway. The power of the RHM procedure was estimated as 47% when the causal quantitative trait loci generated 10% of the phenotypic variance (sample size = 451). Cassava DM genetics are complex and RHM may be useful for complex traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uche Godfrey Okeke
- Section of Plant Breeding and Genetics, School of Integrative
Plant Sci., College of Agriculture and Life Sci., Cornell Univ., 14853, Ithaca,
NY
| | - Deniz Akdemir
- Section of Plant Breeding and Genetics, School of Integrative
Plant Sci., College of Agriculture and Life Sci., Cornell Univ., 14853, Ithaca,
NY
- current address, Statgen Consulting, Ithaca, NY 14850
| | | | | | - Jean-Luc Jannink
- Section of Plant Breeding and Genetics, School of Integrative
Plant Sci., College of Agriculture and Life Sci., Cornell Univ., 14853, Ithaca,
NY
- USDAARS, Robert W. Holley Centre for Agriculture and Health, Tower
Road, Ithaca, NY 14853
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30
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Xu XX, Hu Q, Yang WN, Jin Y. The roles of call wall invertase inhibitor in regulating chilling tolerance in tomato. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 17:195. [PMID: 29121866 PMCID: PMC5679139 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-017-1145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hexoses are important metabolic signals that respond to abiotic and biotic stresses. Cold stress adversely affects plant growth and development, limiting productivity. The mechanism by which sugars regulate plant cold tolerance remains elusive. RESULTS We examined the function of INVINH1, a cell wall invertase inhibitor, in tomato chilling tolerance. Cold stress suppressed the transcription of INVINH1 and increased that of cell wall invertase genes, Lin6 and Lin8 in tomato seedlings. Silencing INVINH1 expression in tomato increased cell wall invertase activity and enhanced chilling tolerance. Conversely, transgenic tomatoes over-expressing INVINH1 showed reduced cell wall invertase activity and were more sensitive to cold stress. Chilling stress increased glucose and fructose levels, and the hexoses content increased or decreased by silencing or overexpression INVINH1. Glucose applied in vitro masked the differences in chilling tolerance of tomato caused by the different expressions of INVINH1. The repression of INVINH1 or glucose applied in vitro regulated the expression of C-repeat binding factors (CBFs) genes. Transcript levels of NCED1, which encodes 9-cisepoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of abscisic acid, were suppressed by INVINH1 after exposure to chilling stress. Meanwhile, application of ABA protected plant from chilling damage caused by the different expression of INVINH1. CONCLUSIONS In tomato, INVINH1 plays an important role in chilling tolerance by adjusting the content of glucose and expression of CBFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-xia Xu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 People’s Republic of China
| | - Wan-nian Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Jin
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079 People’s Republic of China
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31
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Li J, Wu L, Foster R, Ruan YL. Molecular regulation of sucrose catabolism and sugar transport for development, defence and phloem function. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 59:322-335. [PMID: 28304127 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose (Suc) is the major end product of photosynthesis in mesophyll cells of most vascular plants. It is loaded into phloem of mature leaves for long-distance translocation to non-photosynthetic organs where it is unloaded for diverse uses. Clearly, Suc transport and metabolism is central to plant growth and development and the functionality of the entire vascular system. Despite vast information in the literature about the physiological roles of individual sugar metabolic enzymes and transporters, there is a lack of systematic evaluation about their molecular regulation from transcriptional to post-translational levels. Knowledge on this topic is essential for understanding and improving plant development, optimizing resource distribution and increasing crop productivity. We therefore focused our analyses on molecular control of key players in Suc metabolism and transport, including: (i) the identification of promoter elements responsive to sugars and hormones or targeted by transcription factors and microRNAs degrading transcripts of target genes; and (ii) modulation of enzyme and transporter activities through protein-protein interactions and other post-translational modifications. We have highlighted major remaining questions and discussed opportunities to exploit current understanding to gain new insights into molecular control of carbon partitioning for improving plant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Limin Wu
- CSIRO Agriculture, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ryan Foster
- Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Yong-Ling Ruan
- Australia-China Research Centre for Crop Improvement and School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, NSW 2308, Australia
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32
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Herman DJ, Knowles LO, Knowles NR. Heat stress affects carbohydrate metabolism during cold-induced sweetening of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). PLANTA 2017; 245:563-582. [PMID: 27904974 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2626-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Tolerance to heat stress for retention of low-temperature sweetening-resistant phenotype in potato is conferred by insensitivity of acid invertase activity to cold induction. Heat stress exacerbated cold sweetening (buildup of reducing sugars) of the LTS (low-temperature sweetening)-susceptible potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars, Ranger Russet and Russet Burbank, and completely abolished the resistance to cold sweetening in the LTS-resistant cultivars/clones, Sage Russet, GemStar Russet, POR06V12-3 and A02138-2. Payette Russet and EGA09702-2, however, demonstrated considerable tolerance to heat stress for retention of their LTS-resistant phenotype. Heat-primed Payette Russet and EGA09702-2 tubers accumulated fourfold more sucrose when subsequently stored at 4 °C, while reducing sugar concentrations also increased marginally but remained low relative to the non-heat-tolerant LTS-resistant clones, resulting in light-colored fries. By contrast, sucrose concentrations in heat-primed tubers of the non-heat-tolerant clones remained unchanged during LTS, but reducing sugars increased fivefold, resulting in darkening of processed fries. Acid invertase activity increased in the LTS-susceptible and non-heat-tolerant LTS-resistant cultivars/clones during cold storage. However, Payette Russet tubers maintained very low invertase activity regardless of heat stress and cold storage treatments, as was the case for Innate® Russet Burbank (W8) tubers, where silenced invertase conferred robust tolerance to heat stress for retention of LTS-resistant phenotype. Importantly, heat-stressed tubers of Payette Russet, EGA09702-2 and Innate® Russet Burbank (W8) demonstrated similar low reducing sugar and high sucrose-accumulating phenotypes when stored at 4 °C. Tolerance to heat stress for retention of LTS-resistant phenotype in Payette Russet and likely its maternal parent, EGA09702-2, is, therefore, conferred by the ability to maintain low invertase activity during cold storage of heat-stressed tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Herman
- Postharvest Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646414, Pullman, WA, 99164-6414, USA
| | - Lisa O Knowles
- Postharvest Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646414, Pullman, WA, 99164-6414, USA
| | - N Richard Knowles
- Postharvest Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646414, Pullman, WA, 99164-6414, USA.
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33
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Neilson J, Lagüe M, Thomson S, Aurousseau F, Murphy AM, Bizimungu B, Deveaux V, Bègue Y, Jacobs JME, Tai HH. Gene expression profiles predictive of cold-induced sweetening in potato. Funct Integr Genomics 2017; 17:459-476. [PMID: 28236275 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-017-0549-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cold storage (2-4 °C) used in potato production to suppress diseases and sprouting during storage can result in cold-induced sweetening (CIS), where reducing sugars accumulate in tuber tissue leading to undesirable browning, production of bitter flavors, and increased levels of acrylamide with frying. Potato exhibits genetic and environmental variation in resistance to CIS. The current study profiles gene expression in post-harvest tubers before cold storage using transcriptome sequencing and identifies genes whose expression is predictive for CIS. A distance matrix for potato clones based on glucose levels after cold storage was constructed and compared to distance matrices constructed using RNA-seq gene expression data. Congruence between glucose and gene expression distance matrices was tested for each gene. Correlation between glucose and gene expression was also tested. Seventy-three genes were found that had significant p values in the congruence and correlation tests. Twelve genes from the list of 73 genes also had a high correlation between glucose and gene expression as measured by Nanostring nCounter. The gene annotations indicated functions in protein degradation, nematode resistance, auxin transport, and gibberellin response. These 12 genes were used to build models for prediction of CIS using multiple linear regression. Nine linear models were constructed that used different combinations of the 12 genes. An F-box protein, cellulose synthase, and a putative Lax auxin transporter gene were most frequently used. The findings of this study demonstrate the utility of gene expression profiles in predictive diagnostics for severity of CIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Neilson
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton Research and Development Centre, 850 Lincoln Rd., Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada.
| | - M Lagüe
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton Research and Development Centre, 850 Lincoln Rd., Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - S Thomson
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - F Aurousseau
- Station de Recherche du Comite Nord, Sipre-Responsable Scientifique Creation Varietale, 18 La Chaussée, 76110, Bretteville du Grand Caux, France
| | - A M Murphy
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton Research and Development Centre, 850 Lincoln Rd., Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - B Bizimungu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton Research and Development Centre, 850 Lincoln Rd., Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
| | - V Deveaux
- Station de Recherche du Comite Nord, Sipre-Responsable Scientifique Creation Varietale, 18 La Chaussée, 76110, Bretteville du Grand Caux, France
| | - Y Bègue
- Station de Recherche du Comite Nord, Sipre-Responsable Scientifique Creation Varietale, 18 La Chaussée, 76110, Bretteville du Grand Caux, France
| | - J M E Jacobs
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Private Bag 4704, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - H H Tai
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Fredericton Research and Development Centre, 850 Lincoln Rd., Fredericton, N. B, E3B 4Z7, Canada
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34
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Liu X, Shi W, Yin W, Wang J. Distinct cold responsiveness of a StInvInh2 gene promoter in transgenic potato tubers with contrasting resistance to cold-induced sweetening. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 111:77-84. [PMID: 27915175 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2016] [Revised: 11/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) vacuolar invertase (β-fructofuranosidase; EC 3.2.1.26) inhibitor 2 (StInvInh2) plays an important role in cold-induced sweetening (CIS) of potato tubers. The transcript levels of StInvInh2 were increased by prolonged cold in potato tubers with CIS-resistance but decreased in potato tubers with CIS-sensitivity. However, the transcript regulation mechanisms of StInvInh2 responding to prolonged cold are largely unclear in CIS-resistant and CIS-sensitive genotypes. In the present study, the 5'-flanking sequence of the StInvInh2 was cloned, and cis-acting elements were predicted. No informative differences in StInvInh2 promoter structure between resistant and sensitive-CIS potato genotypes were observed. Histochemical assay showed that the promoter of StInvInh2 mainly governed β-glucuronidase (GUS) expression in potato microtubers. Quantitative analysis of GUS expression suggested that StInvInh2 promoter activity was enhanced by prolonged cold in CIS-resistant genotype tubers but suppressed in CIS-sensitive tubers. These findings provide essential information regarding transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of StInvInh2 in cold-stored tubers contrasting CIS capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Liu
- Key Open Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Improvement and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400075, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400075, China.
| | - Weiling Shi
- Key Open Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Improvement and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400075, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400075, China
| | - Wang Yin
- Key Open Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Improvement and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400075, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400075, China
| | - Jichun Wang
- Key Open Laboratory of Southwest Crop Genetic Improvement and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400075, China; Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing 400075, China.
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35
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Lin Q, Xie Y, Liu W, Zhang J, Cheng S, Xie X, Guan W, Wang Z. UV-C treatment on physiological response of potato ( Solanum tuberosum L.) during low temperature storage. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017; 54:55-61. [PMID: 28242903 PMCID: PMC5305701 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-016-2433-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/30/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The storage of potato tuber (Solanum tuberosum L.) at low temperatures minimizes sprouting and disease but can cause cold-induced sweetening (CIS), which leads to the production of the cancerogenic substance acrylamide during the frying processing. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of UV-C treatment on CIS in cold stored potato tuber. 'Atlantic' potatoes were treated with UV-C for an hour and then stored at 4 °C up to 28 days. The UV-C treatment significantly prevented the increase of malondialdehyde content (an indicator of the prevention of oxidative injury) in potato cells during storage. The accumulation of reducing sugars, particularly fructose and glucose, was significantly reduced by UV-C treatment possibly due to the regulation of the gene cascade, sucrose phosphate synthase, invertase inhibitor 1/3, and invertase 1 in potato tuber, which were observed to be differently expressed between treated and untreated potatoes during low temperature storage. In summary, UV-C treatment prevented the existence of oxidative injury in potato cells, thus, lowered the amount of reducing sugar accumulation during low temperature storage of potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Opening Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yajing Xie
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Opening Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Opening Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Opening Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Shuzhen Cheng
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Opening Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xinfang Xie
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Opening Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Wenqiang Guan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134 China
| | - Zhidong Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Opening Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing and Quality Control, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100193 China
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36
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Tang X, Su T, Han M, Wei L, Wang W, Yu Z, Xue Y, Wei H, Du Y, Greiner S, Rausch T, Liu L. Suppression of extracellular invertase inhibitor gene expression improves seed weight in soybean (Glycine max). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:469-482. [PMID: 28204559 PMCID: PMC5441900 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Cell wall invertase (CWI) and vacuolar invertase (VI) play multiple functions in plant growth. As well as depending on transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, there is growing evidence that CWI and VI are also subject to post-translational control by small inhibitory proteins. Despite the significance of this, genes encoding inhibitors, their molecular and biochemical properties, and their potential roles in regulating seed production have not been well documented in soybean (Glycine max). In this study, two invertase inhibitor isoforms, GmCIF1 and GmC/VIF2, were characterized to possess inhibitory activities in vitro via heterologous expression. Transcript analyses showed that they were predominantly expressed in developing seeds and in response to ABA. In accordance with this, surveys of primary targets showed subcellular localizations to the apoplast in tobacco epidermis after expressing YFP-fusion constructs. Investigations using RNAi transgenic plants demonstrated marked elevations of CWI activities and improvements in seed weight in conjunction with higher accumulations of hexoses, starch, and protein in mature seeds. Further co-expression analyses of GmCIF1 with several putative CWI genes corroborated the notion that GmCIF1 modulation of CWI that affects seed weight is mainly contingent on post-translational mechanisms. Overall, the results suggest that post-translational elevation of CWI by silencing of GmCIF1 expression orchestrates the process of seed maturation through fine-tuning sucrose metabolism and sink strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Tang
- Soybean Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tao Su
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mei Han
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Biology and Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lai Wei
- Soybean Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Soybean Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiyuan Yu
- Soybean Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yongguo Xue
- Soybean Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hongbin Wei
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yejie Du
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Steffen Greiner
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Rausch
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lijun Liu
- Soybean Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
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37
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Zhang H, Hou J, Liu J, Zhang J, Song B, Xie C. The roles of starch metabolic pathways in the cold-induced sweetening process in potatoes. STARCH-STARKE 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/star.201600194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Zhang
- College of Forestry; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HAU); Ministry of Education, National Centre for Vegetable Improvement (Central China); Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Juan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HAU); Ministry of Education, National Centre for Vegetable Improvement (Central China); Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HAU); Ministry of Education, National Centre for Vegetable Improvement (Central China); Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Juping Zhang
- College of Forestry; Henan University of Science and Technology; Luoyang P.R. China
| | - Botao Song
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HAU); Ministry of Education, National Centre for Vegetable Improvement (Central China); Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P.R. China
| | - Conghua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HAU); Ministry of Education, National Centre for Vegetable Improvement (Central China); Huazhong Agricultural University; Wuhan P.R. China
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38
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Leskow CC, Kamenetzky L, Dominguez PG, Díaz Zirpolo JA, Obata T, Costa H, Martí M, Taboga O, Keurentjes J, Sulpice R, Ishihara H, Stitt M, Fernie AR, Carrari F. Allelic differences in a vacuolar invertase affect Arabidopsis growth at early plant development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2016; 67:4091-103. [PMID: 27194734 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Improving carbon fixation in order to enhance crop yield is a major goal in plant sciences. By quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, it has been demonstrated that a vacuolar invertase (vac-Inv) plays a key role in determining the radical length in Arabidopsis. In this model, variation in vac-Inv activity was detected in a near isogenic line (NIL) population derived from a cross between two divergent accessions: Landsberg erecta (Ler) and Cape Verde Island (CVI), with the CVI allele conferring both higher Inv activity and longer radicles. The aim of the current work is to understand the mechanism(s) underlying this QTL by analyzing structural and functional differences of vac-Inv from both accessions. Relative transcript abundance analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed similar expression patterns in both accessions; however, DNA sequence analyses revealed several polymorphisms that lead to changes in the corresponding protein sequence. Moreover, activity assays revealed higher vac-Inv activity in genotypes carrying the CVI allele than in those carrying the Ler allele. Analyses of purified recombinant proteins showed a similar K m for both alleles and a slightly higher V max for that of Ler. Treatment of plant extracts with foaming to release possible interacting Inv inhibitory protein(s) led to a large increase in activity for the Ler allele, but no changes for genotypes carrying the CVI allele. qRT-PCR analyses of two vac-Inv inhibitors in seedlings from parental and NIL genotypes revealed different expression patterns. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the vac-Inv QTL affects root biomass accumulation and also carbon partitioning through a differential regulation of vac-Inv inhibitors at the mRNA level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Coluccio Leskow
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IB-INTA), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), PO Box 25, B1712WAA Castelar, Argentina
| | - Laura Kamenetzky
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IB-INTA), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), PO Box 25, B1712WAA Castelar, Argentina
| | - Pia Guadalupe Dominguez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IB-INTA), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), PO Box 25, B1712WAA Castelar, Argentina
| | - José Antonio Díaz Zirpolo
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IB-INTA), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), PO Box 25, B1712WAA Castelar, Argentina
| | - Toshihiro Obata
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschafts Park Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Hernán Costa
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, (6700) Luján, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Martí
- Departamento de Química Biológica and INQUIMAE-CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Pabellón 2, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Oscar Taboga
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IB-INTA), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), PO Box 25, B1712WAA Castelar, Argentina
| | | | - Ronan Sulpice
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschafts Park Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Hirofumi Ishihara
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschafts Park Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Mark Stitt
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschafts Park Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Alisdair Robert Fernie
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology, Wissenschafts Park Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, D-14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Fernando Carrari
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IB-INTA), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), PO Box 25, B1712WAA Castelar, Argentina
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39
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Su T, Wolf S, Han M, Zhao H, Wei H, Greiner S, Rausch T. Reassessment of an Arabidopsis cell wall invertase inhibitor AtCIF1 reveals its role in seed germination and early seedling growth. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 90:137-55. [PMID: 26546341 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-015-0402-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
In higher plants, cell wall invertase (CWI) and vacuolar invertase (VI) are recognized as essential players in sugar metabolism and sugar signaling, thereby affecting source-sink interactions, plant development and responses to environmental cues. CWI and VI expression levels are transcriptionally controlled; however, both enzymes are also subject to posttranslational control by invertase inhibitor proteins. The physiological significances of inhibitor proteins during seed germination and early seedling development are not yet fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that the inhibitor isoform AtCIF1 impacted on seed germination and early seedling growth in Arabidopsis. The primary target of AtCIF1 was shown to be localized to the apoplast after expressing an AtCIF1 YFP-fusion construct in tobacco epidermis and transgenic Arabidopsis root. The analysis of expression patterns showed that AtCWI1 was co-expressed spatiotemporally with AtCIF1 within the early germinating seeds. Seed germination was observed to be accelerated independently of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) in the AtCIF1 loss-of-function mutant cif1-1. This effect coincided with a drastic increase of CWI activity in cif1-1 mutant seeds by 24 h after the onset of germination, both in vitro and in planta. Accordingly, quantification of sugar content showed that hexose levels were significantly boosted in germinating seeds of the cif1-1 mutant. Further investigation of AtCIF1 overexpressors in Arabidopsis revealed a markedly suppressed CWI activity as well as delayed seed germination. Thus, we conclude that the posttranslational modulation of CWI activity by AtCIF1 helps to orchestrate seed germination and early seedling growth via fine-tuning sucrose hydrolysis and, possibly, sugar signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Su
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada.
| | - Sebastian Wolf
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2E9, Canada.
| | - Hongbo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Hongbin Wei
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
| | - Steffen Greiner
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
| | - Thomas Rausch
- Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
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40
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Galani Yamdeu JH, Gupta PH, Patel NJ, Shah AK, Talati JG. Effect of Storage Temperature on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Development of Cold-Induced Sweetening in Indian Potato (S
olanum Tuberosum
L.) Varieties. J Food Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Hubert Galani Yamdeu
- Department of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine; Université des Montagnes; PO Box 208 Bangangté Cameroon
- Department of Biochemistry; B.A. College of Agriculture; Anand Agricultural University; Anand India
| | - Pooja H. Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry; B.A. College of Agriculture; Anand Agricultural University; Anand India
| | - Nilesh J. Patel
- Department of Biochemistry; B.A. College of Agriculture; Anand Agricultural University; Anand India
| | - Avadh K. Shah
- Department of Biochemistry; B.A. College of Agriculture; Anand Agricultural University; Anand India
| | - Jayant G. Talati
- Department of Biochemistry; B.A. College of Agriculture; Anand Agricultural University; Anand India
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41
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Albacete A, Cantero-Navarro E, Großkinsky DK, Arias CL, Balibrea ME, Bru R, Fragner L, Ghanem ME, González MDLC, Hernández JA, Martínez-Andújar C, van der Graaff E, Weckwerth W, Zellnig G, Pérez-Alfocea F, Roitsch T. Ectopic overexpression of the cell wall invertase gene CIN1 leads to dehydration avoidance in tomato. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:863-78. [PMID: 25392479 PMCID: PMC4321548 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress conditions modify source-sink relations, thereby influencing plant growth, adaptive responses, and consequently crop yield. Invertases are key metabolic enzymes regulating sink activity through the hydrolytic cleavage of sucrose into hexose monomers, thus playing a crucial role in plant growth and development. However, the physiological role of invertases during adaptation to abiotic stress conditions is not yet fully understood. Here it is shown that plant adaptation to drought stress can be markedly improved in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) by overexpression of the cell wall invertase (cwInv) gene CIN1 from Chenopodium rubrum. CIN1 overexpression limited stomatal conductance under normal watering regimes, leading to reduced water consumption during the drought period, while photosynthetic activity was maintained. This caused a strong increase in water use efficiency (up to 50%), markedly improving water stress adaptation through an efficient physiological strategy of dehydration avoidance. Drought stress strongly reduced cwInv activity and induced its proteinaceous inhibitor in the leaves of the wild-type plants. However, the CIN1-overexpressing plants registered 3- to 6-fold higher cwInv activity in all analysed conditions. Surprisingly, the enhanced invertase activity did not result in increased hexose concentrations due to the activation of the metabolic carbohydrate fluxes, as reflected by the maintenance of the activity of key enzymes of primary metabolism and increased levels of sugar-phosphate intermediates under water deprivation. The induced sink metabolism in the leaves explained the maintenance of photosynthetic activity, delayed senescence, and increased source activity under drought stress. Moreover, CIN1 plants also presented a better control of production of reactive oxygen species and sustained membrane protection. Those metabolic changes conferred by CIN1 overexpression were accompanied by increases in the concentrations of the senescence-delaying hormone trans-zeatin and decreases in the senescence-inducing ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) in the leaves. Thus, cwInv critically functions at the integration point of metabolic, hormonal, and stress signals, providing a novel strategy to overcome drought-induced limitations to crop yield, without negatively affecting plant fitness under optimal growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Albacete
- Department of Plant Nutrition, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Dominik K Großkinsky
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé 13, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Cintia L Arias
- Centro de Estudios Fotosintéticos y Bioquímicos, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Suipacha 531, 2000 Rosario, Argentina
| | | | - Roque Bru
- Departamento de Agroquímica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, 03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Lena Fragner
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michel E Ghanem
- Department of Plant Nutrition, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Jose A Hernández
- Department of Fruit Breeding, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Eric van der Graaff
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé 13, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark
| | - Wolfram Weckwerth
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Günther Zellnig
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | | | - Thomas Roitsch
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Department of Plant Physiology, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé 13, DK-2630 Taastrup, Denmark Global Change Research Centre, Czech Globe AS CR, v.v.i., Drásov 470, Cz-664 24 Drásov, Czech Republic
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Wiberley-Bradford AE, Busse JS, Jiang J, Bethke PC. Sugar metabolism, chip color, invertase activity, and gene expression during long-term cold storage of potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers from wild-type and vacuolar invertase silencing lines of Katahdin. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:801. [PMID: 25399251 PMCID: PMC4239387 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Storing potato tubers at low temperatures minimizes sprouting and disease but can cause an accumulation of reducing sugars in a process called cold-induced sweetening. Tubers with increased amounts of reducing sugars produce dark-colored, bitter-tasting fried products with elevated amounts of acrylamide, a possible carcinogen. Vacuolar invertase (VInv), which converts sucrose produced by starch breakdown to glucose and fructose, is the key determinant of reducing sugar accumulation during cold-induced sweetening. In this study, wild-type tubers and tubers in which VInv expression was reduced by RNA interference were used to investigate time- and temperature-dependent changes in sugar contents, chip color, and expression of VInv and other genes involved in starch metabolism in tubers during long-term cold storage. Results VInv activities and tuber reducing sugar contents were much lower, and tuber sucrose contents were much higher, in transgenic than in wild-type tubers stored at 3-9°C for up to eight months. Large differences in VInv mRNA accumulation were not observed at later times in storage, especially at temperatures below 9°C, so differences in invertase activity were likely established early in the storage period and maintained by stability of the invertase protein. Sugar contents, chip color, and expression of several of the studied genes, including AGPase and GBSS, were affected by storage temperature in both wild-type and transgenic tubers. Though transcript accumulation for other sugar-metabolism genes was affected by storage temperature and duration, it was essentially unaffected by invertase silencing and altered sugar contents. Differences in stem- and bud-end sugar contents in wild-type and transgenic tubers suggested different compartmentalization of sucrose at the two ends of stored tubers. Conclusions VInv silencing significantly reduced cold-induced sweetening in stored potato tubers, likely by means of differential VInv expression early in storage. Transgenic tubers retained sensitivity to storage temperature, and accumulated greater amounts of sucrose, glucose and fructose at 3°C than at 7-9°C. At each storage temperature, suppression of VInv expression and large differences in tuber sugar contents had no effect on expression of AGPase and GBSS, genes involved in starch metabolism, suggesting that transcription of these genes is not regulated by tuber sugar content.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paul C Bethke
- United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Vegetable Crops Research Unit, 1575 Linden Dr,, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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Rabot A, Portemer V, Péron T, Mortreau E, Leduc N, Hamama L, Coutos-Thévenot P, Atanassova R, Sakr S, Le Gourrierec J. Interplay of sugar, light and gibberellins in expression of Rosa hybrida vacuolar invertase 1 regulation. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 55:1734-48. [PMID: 25108242 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcu106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Our previous findings showed that the expression of the Rosa hybrida vacuolar invertase 1 gene (RhVI1) was tightly correlated with the ability of buds to grow out and was under sugar, gibberellin and light control. Here, we aimed to provide an insight into the mechanistic basis of this regulation. In situ hybridization showed that RhVI1 expression was localized in epidermal cells of young leaves of bursting buds. We then isolated a 895 bp fragment of the promoter of RhVI1. In silico analysis identified putative cis-elements involved in the response to sugars, light and gibberellins on its proximal part (595 bp). To carry out functional analysis of the RhVI1 promoter in a homologous system, we developed a direct method for stable transformation of rose cells. 5' deletions of the proximal promoter fused to the uidA reporter gene were inserted into the rose cell genome to study the cell's response to exogenous and endogenous stimuli. Deletion analysis revealed that the 468 bp promoter fragment is sufficient to trigger reporter gene activity in response to light, sugars and gibberellins. This region confers sucrose- and fructose-, but not glucose-, responsive activation in the dark. Inversely, the -595 to -468 bp region that carries the sugar-repressive element (SRE) is required to down-regulate the RhVI1 promoter in response to sucrose and fructose in the dark. We also demonstrate that sugar/light and gibberellin/light act synergistically to up-regulate β-glucuronidase (GUS) activity sharply under the control of the 595 bp pRhVI1 region. These results reveal that the 127 bp promoter fragment located between -595 and -468 bp is critical for light and sugar and light and gibberellins to act synergistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Rabot
- Agrocampus-Ouest, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d'Angers), SFR 149 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Virginie Portemer
- Université de Poitiers, UMR 7267 CNRS/Université de Poitiers Écologie et Biologie des Interactions, équipe Physiologie Moléculaire du Transport des Sucres chez les végétaux, 3 rue Jacques Fort, B31, 86 000 Poitiers, France These authors contributed equally to this work. Present address: INRA, Institut Jean Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, F-78026 Versailles, France
| | - Thomas Péron
- Agrocampus-Ouest, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d'Angers), SFR 149 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France
| | - Eric Mortreau
- Agrocampus-Ouest, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d'Angers), SFR 149 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France
| | - Nathalie Leduc
- Université d'Angers, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d'Angers), SFR 149 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France
| | - Latifa Hamama
- Agrocampus-Ouest, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d'Angers), SFR 149 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France Université d'Angers, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d'Angers), SFR 149 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France INRA, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d'Angers), SFR 149 QUASAV, F-49071 Beaucouzé, France
| | - Pierre Coutos-Thévenot
- Université de Poitiers, UMR 7267 CNRS/Université de Poitiers Écologie et Biologie des Interactions, équipe Physiologie Moléculaire du Transport des Sucres chez les végétaux, 3 rue Jacques Fort, B31, 86 000 Poitiers, France
| | - Rossitza Atanassova
- Université de Poitiers, UMR 7267 CNRS/Université de Poitiers Écologie et Biologie des Interactions, équipe Physiologie Moléculaire du Transport des Sucres chez les végétaux, 3 rue Jacques Fort, B31, 86 000 Poitiers, France
| | - Soulaiman Sakr
- Agrocampus-Ouest, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d'Angers), SFR 149 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France
| | - José Le Gourrierec
- Université d'Angers, Institut de Recherche en Horticulture et Semences (INRA, Agrocampus-Ouest, Université d'Angers), SFR 149 QUASAV, F-49045 Angers, France
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Zhang H, Liu J, Hou J, Yao Y, Lin Y, Ou Y, Song B, Xie C. The potato amylase inhibitor gene SbAI regulates cold-induced sweetening in potato tubers by modulating amylase activity. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 12:984-93. [PMID: 24985879 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Potato cold-induced sweetening (CIS) is critical for the postharvest quality of potato tubers. Starch degradation is considered to be one of the key pathways in the CIS process. However, the functions of the genes that encode enzymes related to starch degradation in CIS and the activity regulation of these enzymes have received less attention. A potato amylase inhibitor gene known as SbAI was cloned from the wild potato species Solanum berthaultii. This genetic transformation confirmed that in contrast to the SbAI suppression in CIS-resistant potatoes, overexpressing SbAI in CIS-sensitive potatoes resulted in less amylase activity and a lower rate of starch degradation accompanied by a lower reducing sugar (RS) content in cold-stored tubers. This finding suggested that the SbAI gene may play crucial roles in potato CIS by modulating the amylase activity. Further investigations indicated that pairwise protein-protein interactions occurred between SbAI and α-amylase StAmy23, β-amylases StBAM1 and StBAM9. SbAI could inhibit the activities of both α-amylase and β-amylase in potato tubers primarily by repressing StAmy23 and StBAM1, respectively. These findings provide the first evidence that SbAI is a key regulator of the amylases that confer starch degradation and RS accumulation in cold-stored potato tubers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HAU), Ministry of Education, National Centre for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China; College of Forestry, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
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45
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Zommick DH, Knowles LO, Pavek MJ, Knowles NR. In-season heat stress compromises postharvest quality and low-temperature sweetening resistance in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). PLANTA 2014; 239:1243-1263. [PMID: 24615233 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-014-2048-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of soil temperature during tuber development on physiological processes affecting retention of postharvest quality in low-temperature sweetening (LTS) resistant and susceptible potato cultivars were investigated. 'Premier Russet' (LTS resistant), AO02183-2 (LTS resistant) and 'Ranger Russet' (LTS susceptible) tubers were grown at 16 (ambient), 23 and 29 °C during bulking (111-164 DAP) and maturation (151-180 DAP). Bulking at 29 °C virtually eliminated yield despite vigorous vine growth. Tuber specific gravity decreased as soil temperature increased during bulking, but was not affected by temperature during maturation. Bulking at 23 °C and maturation at 29 °C induced higher reducing sugar levels in the proximal (basal) ends of tubers, resulting in non-uniform fry color at harvest, and abolished the LTS-resistant phenotype of 'Premier Russet' tubers. AO02183-2 tubers were more tolerant of heat for retention of LTS resistance. Higher bulking and maturation temperatures also accelerated LTS and loss of process quality of 'Ranger Russet' tubers, consistent with increased invertase and lower invertase inhibitor activities. During LTS, tuber respiration fell rapidly to a minimum as temperature decreased from 9 to 4 °C, followed by an increase to a maximum as tubers acclimated to 4 °C; respiration then declined over the remaining storage period. The magnitude of this cold-induced acclimation response correlated directly with the extent of buildup in sugars over the 24-day LTS period and thus reflected the effects of in-season heat stress on propensity of tubers to sweeten and lose process quality at 4 °C. While morphologically indistinguishable from control tubers, tubers grown at elevated temperature had different basal metabolic (respiration) rates at harvest and during cold acclimation, reduced dormancy during storage, greater increases in sucrose and reducing sugars and associated loss of process quality during LTS, and reduced ability to improve process quality through reconditioning. Breeding for retention of postharvest quality and LTS resistance should consider strategies for incorporating more robust tolerance to in-season heat stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Zommick
- Postharvest Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, P.O. Box 646414, Pullman, WA, 99164-6414, USA
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Cloning, 3D modeling and expression analysis of three vacuolar invertase genes from cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz). Molecules 2014; 19:6228-45. [PMID: 24838076 PMCID: PMC6270675 DOI: 10.3390/molecules19056228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Vacuolar invertase is one of the key enzymes in sucrose metabolism that irreversibly catalyzes the hydrolysis of sucrose to glucose and fructose in plants. In this research, three vacuolar invertase genes, named MeVINV1-3, and with 653, 660 and 639 amino acids, respectively, were cloned from cassava. The motifs of NDPNG (β-fructosidase motif), RDP and WECVD, which are conserved and essential for catalytic activity in the vacuolar invertase family, were found in MeVINV1 and MeVINV2. Meanwhile, in MeVINV3, instead of NDPNG we found the motif NGPDG, in which the three amino acids GPD are different from those in other vacuolar invertases (DPN) that might result in MeVINV3 being an inactivated protein. The N-terminal leader sequence of MeVINVs contains a signal anchor, which is associated with the sorting of vacuolar invertase to vacuole. The overall predicted 3D structure of the MeVINVs consists of a five bladed β-propeller module at N-terminus domain, and forms a β-sandwich module at the C-terminus domain. The active site of the protein is situated in the β-propeller module. MeVINVs are classified in two subfamilies, α and β groups, in which α group members of MeVINV1 and 2 are highly expressed in reproductive organs and tuber roots (considered as sink organs), while β group members of MeVINV3 are highly expressed in leaves (source organs). All MeVINVs are highly expressed in leaves, while only MeVINV1 and 2 are highly expressed in tubers at cassava tuber maturity stage. Thus, MeVINV1 and 2 play an important role in sucrose unloading and starch accumulation, as well in buffering the pools of sucrose, hexoses and sugar phosphates in leaves, specifically at later stages of plant development.
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47
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Fischer M, Schreiber L, Colby T, Kuckenberg M, Tacke E, Hofferbert HR, Schmidt J, Gebhardt C. Novel candidate genes influencing natural variation in potato tuber cold sweetening identified by comparative proteomics and association mapping. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 13:113. [PMID: 23919263 PMCID: PMC3750364 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-13-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher plants evolved various strategies to adapt to chilling conditions. Among other transcriptional and metabolic responses to cold temperatures plants accumulate a range of solutes including sugars. The accumulation of the reducing sugars glucose and fructose in mature potato tubers during exposure to cold temperatures is referred to as cold induced sweetening (CIS). The molecular basis of CIS in potato tubers is of interest not only in basic research on plant adaptation to environmental stress but also in applied research, since high amounts of reducing sugars affect negatively the quality of processed food products such as potato chips. CIS-tolerance varies considerably among potato cultivars. Our objective was to identify by an unbiased approach genes and cellular processes influencing natural variation of tuber sugar content before and during cold storage in potato cultivars used in breeding programs. We compared by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the tuber proteomes of cultivars highly diverse for CIS. DNA polymorphisms in genomic sequences encoding differentially expressed proteins were tested for association with tuber starch content, starch yield and processing quality. RESULTS Pronounced natural variation of CIS was detected in tubers of a population of 40 tetraploid potato cultivars. Significant differences in protein expression were detected between CIS-tolerant and CIS-sensitive cultivars before the onset as well as during cold storage. Identifiable differential proteins corresponded to protease inhibitors, patatins, heat shock proteins, lipoxygenase, phospholipase A1 and leucine aminopeptidase (Lap). Association mapping based on single nucleotide polymorphisms supported a role of Lap in the natural variation of the quantitative traits tuber starch and sugar content. CONCLUSIONS The combination of comparative proteomics and association genetics led to the discovery of novel candidate genes for influencing the natural variation of quantitative traits in potato tubers. One such gene was a leucine aminopeptidase not considered so far to play a role in starch sugar interconversion. Novel SNP's diagnostic for increased tuber starch content, starch yield and chip quality were identified, which are useful for selecting improved potato processing cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Fischer
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lena Schreiber
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Colby
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Mass Spectrometry Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus Kuckenberg
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eckhard Tacke
- BIOPLANT, Biotechnologisches Forschungslabor GmbH, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Jürgen Schmidt
- Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Mass Spectrometry Group, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane Gebhardt
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
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Fischer M, Schreiber L, Colby T, Kuckenberg M, Tacke E, Hofferbert HR, Schmidt J, Gebhardt C. Novel candidate genes influencing natural variation in potato tuber cold sweetening identified by comparative proteomics and association mapping. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2013; 13:113. [PMID: 23919263 DOI: 10.1186/1471-222913-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Higher plants evolved various strategies to adapt to chilling conditions. Among other transcriptional and metabolic responses to cold temperatures plants accumulate a range of solutes including sugars. The accumulation of the reducing sugars glucose and fructose in mature potato tubers during exposure to cold temperatures is referred to as cold induced sweetening (CIS). The molecular basis of CIS in potato tubers is of interest not only in basic research on plant adaptation to environmental stress but also in applied research, since high amounts of reducing sugars affect negatively the quality of processed food products such as potato chips. CIS-tolerance varies considerably among potato cultivars. Our objective was to identify by an unbiased approach genes and cellular processes influencing natural variation of tuber sugar content before and during cold storage in potato cultivars used in breeding programs. We compared by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis the tuber proteomes of cultivars highly diverse for CIS. DNA polymorphisms in genomic sequences encoding differentially expressed proteins were tested for association with tuber starch content, starch yield and processing quality. RESULTS Pronounced natural variation of CIS was detected in tubers of a population of 40 tetraploid potato cultivars. Significant differences in protein expression were detected between CIS-tolerant and CIS-sensitive cultivars before the onset as well as during cold storage. Identifiable differential proteins corresponded to protease inhibitors, patatins, heat shock proteins, lipoxygenase, phospholipase A1 and leucine aminopeptidase (Lap). Association mapping based on single nucleotide polymorphisms supported a role of Lap in the natural variation of the quantitative traits tuber starch and sugar content. CONCLUSIONS The combination of comparative proteomics and association genetics led to the discovery of novel candidate genes for influencing the natural variation of quantitative traits in potato tubers. One such gene was a leucine aminopeptidase not considered so far to play a role in starch sugar interconversion. Novel SNP's diagnostic for increased tuber starch content, starch yield and chip quality were identified, which are useful for selecting improved potato processing cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Fischer
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max-Planck-Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.
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Ou Y, Song B, Liu X, Xie C, Li M, Lin Y, Zhang H, Liu J. Promoter regions of potato vacuolar invertase gene in response to sugars and hormones. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2013; 69:9-16. [PMID: 23688776 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Potato vacuolar acid invertase (StvacINV1) (β-fructofuranosidase; EC 3.2.1.26) has been confirmed to play an important role in cold-induced sweetening of potato tubers. However, the transcriptional regulation mechanisms of StvacINV1 are largely unknown. In this study, the 5'-flanking sequence of StvacINV1 was cloned and the cis-acting elements were predicted. Histochemical assay showed that the StvacINV1 promoter governed β-glucuronidase (GUS) expression in potato leaves, stems, roots and tubers. Quantitative analysis of GUS expression suggested that the activity of StvacINV1 promoter was suppressed by sucrose, glucose, fructose, and cold, while enhanced by indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and gibberellic acid (GA3). Further deletion analysis clarified that the promoter regions from -118 to -551, -551 to -1021, and -1021 to -1521 were required for responding to sucrose/glucose, GA3, and IAA, respectively. These findings provide essential information regarding transcriptional regulation mechanisms of StvacINV1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Ou
- National Centre for Vegetable Improvement Central China, Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
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50
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Liao SC, Lin CS, Wang AY, Sung HY. Differential expression of genes encoding acid invertases in multiple shoots of bamboo in response to various phytohormones and environmental factors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:4396-4405. [PMID: 23586540 DOI: 10.1021/jf400776m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The promoter regions of two cell wall invertase genes, Boβfruct1 and Boβfruct2, and a vacuolar invertase gene, Boβfruct3, in Bambusa oldhamii were cloned, and putative regulatory cis-elements were identified. The expression of these three genes in multiple shoots of bamboo that were cultured in vitro under different conditions was analyzed by real-time PCR. The two cell wall invertase genes were upregulated by indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinins but responded differently to other phytohormones and different temperatures. Boβfruct1 was also upregulated by sucrose and glucose. In contrast, the Boβfruct2 expression was induced by the depletion of sucrose, and this induction could be suppressed by glucose and sucrose. The expression of Boβfruct3 was light-dependent; however, abscisic acid (ABA) could induce its expression in the dark. ABA and light exhibited an additive effect on the expression of Boβfruct3. Our results suggest that these three Boβfruct genes have individual roles in the adaption of the plant to environmental changes. Boβfruct2 might also have an essential role in the immediate response of cells to sucrose availability and in the maintenance of sink activity. Moreover, Boβfruct3 might be one of the interacting nodes of the light and ABA signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chien Liao
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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