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Machraoui S, Errafii K, Oujamaa I, Belghali MY, Hakmaoui A, Lamjadli S, Eddehbi FE, Brahim I, Haida Y, Admou B. Frequency of the Main Human Leukocyte Antigen A, B, DR, and DQ Loci Known to Be Associated with the Clearance or Persistence of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in a Healthy Population from the Southern Region of Morocco: A Preliminary Study. Diseases 2024; 12:106. [PMID: 38785761 PMCID: PMC11120154 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12050106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection represents a significant global health challenge, with its natural course largely influenced by the host's immune response. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules, particularly HLA class I and II, play a crucial role in the adaptive immune response against HCV. The polymorphism of HLA molecules contributes to the variability in immune response, affecting the outcomes of HCV infection. This study aims to investigate the frequency of HLA A, B, DR, and DQ alleles known to be associated with HCV clearance or persistence in a healthy Moroccan population. Conducted at the University Hospital Center Mohammed VI, Marrakech, this study spanned from 2015 to 2022 and included 703 healthy Moroccan individuals. HLA class I and II typing was performed using complement-dependent cytotoxicity and polymerase chain reaction-based methodologies. The results revealed the distinct patterns of HLA-A, B, DRB1, and DQB1 alleles in the Moroccan population. Notably, alleles linked to favorable HCV outcomes, such as HLA-DQB1*0301, DQB1*0501, and DRB1*1101, were more prevalent. Conversely, alleles associated with increased HCV susceptibility and persistence, such as HLA-DQB1*02 and DRB1*03, were also prominent. Gender-specific variations in allele frequencies were observed, providing insights into genetic influences on HCV infection outcomes. The findings align with global trends in HLA allele associations with HCV infection outcomes. The study emphasizes the role of host genetics in HCV infection, highlighting the need for further research in the Moroccan community, including HCV-infected individuals. The prevalence of certain HLA alleles, both protective and susceptibility-linked, underscores the potential for a national HLA data bank in Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safa Machraoui
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
- Biosciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40080, Morocco
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43151, Morocco;
| | - Khaoula Errafii
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43151, Morocco;
| | - Ider Oujamaa
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Moulay Yassine Belghali
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30003, Morocco;
| | - Abdelmalek Hakmaoui
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Saad Lamjadli
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Fatima Ezzohra Eddehbi
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Ikram Brahim
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Yasmine Haida
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
| | - Brahim Admou
- Laboratory of Immunology and HLA, Center of Clinical Research, Mohammed VI University Hospital, Marrakech 40080, Morocco; (I.O.); (A.H.); (S.L.); (F.E.E.); (I.B.); (Y.H.); (B.A.)
- Biosciences Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40080, Morocco
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Abstract
Life is about timing. -Carl LewisThe understanding of autoimmune type 1 diabetes is increasing, and examining etiology separate from pathogenesis has become crucial. The components to explain type 1 diabetes development have been known for some time. The strong association with HLA has been researched for nearly 50 years. Genome-wide association studies added another 60+ non-HLA genetic factors with minor contribution to risk. Insulitis has long been known to be present close to clinical diagnosis. T and B cells recognizing β-cell autoantigens are detectable prior to diagnosis and in newly diagnosed patients. Islet autoantibody tests against four major autoantigens have been standardized and used as biomarkers of islet autoimmunity. However, to clarify the etiology would require attention to time. Etiology may be defined as the cause of a disease (i.e., type 1 diabetes) or abnormal condition (i.e., islet autoimmunity). Timing is everything, as neither the prodrome of islet autoimmunity nor the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes tells us much about the etiology. Rather, the islet autoantibody that appears first and persists would mark the diagnosis of an autoimmune islet disease (AID). Events after the diagnosis of AID would represent the pathogenesis. Several islet autoantibodies without (stage 1) or with impaired glucose tolerance (stage 2) or with symptoms (stage 3) would define the pathogenesis culminating in clinical type 1 diabetes. Etiology would be about the timing of events that take place before the first-appearing islet autoantibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åke Lernmark
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University Clinical Research Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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3
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Söderholm J, Yilmaz A, Svenningsson A, Büsch K, Wejstål R, Brolund A, Kövamees J, Sällberg M, Lagging M, Gisslén M. Lower risk of multiple sclerosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C: a nationwide population-based registry study. J Neurol 2019; 266:2208-2215. [PMID: 31152298 PMCID: PMC6687702 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated neurological disease that causes demyelination. The etiology is unknown, but patients with a previous viral infection, such as Epstein–Barr virus, have been shown to be at a higher risk of developing MS. In contrast, people living with HIV have a lower risk of developing MS. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) mainly infects the liver, but patients with HCV can experience several extrahepatic manifestations and studies have shown an association with several autoimmune conditions such as neuropathy and myelitis. The present study aimed to investigate the risk of MS in patients with chronic HCV infection compared with matched comparators. Methods Patients were identified using the nationwide Swedish inpatient (2001–2013) and outpatient care registers (2001–2013) for HCV (B18.2) and MS (G35) according to the International Classification of Diseases-10. Up to five comparators (matched on age/sex/place of residency) were drawn from the general population for each HCV patient. Follow-up started at the first HCV visit from 2001 and the patients’ accrued person-time until death, emigration or 31 December 2013. Risk of MS diagnosis was calculated as standardized incidence ratio (SIR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results HCV patients were at lower risk of MS diagnosis (SIR 0.37; 95% CI 0.26–0.50). The incidence of MS during the study in the HCV cohort was 0.087% compared with 0.27% in the matched comparator cohort. Conclusion Surprisingly, these data suggest HCV patients to have a lower risk of MS diagnosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00415-019-09397-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Söderholm
- AbbVie AB, Hemvärnsgatan 9, Solna, Box 1523, 171 29, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Aylin Yilmaz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Svenningsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Danderyd Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Katharina Büsch
- AbbVie AB, Hemvärnsgatan 9, Solna, Box 1523, 171 29, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rune Wejstål
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alma Brolund
- AbbVie AB, Hemvärnsgatan 9, Solna, Box 1523, 171 29, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jan Kövamees
- AbbVie AB, Hemvärnsgatan 9, Solna, Box 1523, 171 29, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matti Sällberg
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Lagging
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Gisslén
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Goeury T, Creary LE, Brunet L, Galan M, Pasquier M, Kervaire B, Langaney A, Tiercy JM, Fernández-Viña MA, Nunes JM, Sanchez-Mazas A. Deciphering the fine nucleotide diversity of full HLA class I and class II genes in a well-documented population from sub-Saharan Africa. HLA 2019; 91:36-51. [PMID: 29160618 PMCID: PMC5767763 DOI: 10.1111/tan.13180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Revised: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
With the aim to understand how next‐generation sequencing (NGS) improves both our assessment of genetic variation within populations and our knowledge on HLA molecular evolution, we sequenced and analysed 8 HLA loci in a well‐documented population from sub‐Saharan Africa (Mandenka). The results of full‐gene NGS‐MiSeq sequencing compared with those obtained by traditional typing techniques or limited sequencing strategies showed that segregating sites located outside exon 2 are crucial to describe not only class I but also class II population diversity. A comprehensive analysis of exons 2, 3, 4 and 5 nucleotide diversity at the 8 HLA loci revealed remarkable differences among these gene regions, notably a greater variation concentrated in the antigen recognition sites of class I exons 3 and some class II exons 2, likely associated with their peptide‐presentation function, a lower diversity of HLA‐C exon 3, possibly related to its role as a KIR ligand, and a peculiar molecular diversity of HLA‐A exon 2, revealing demographic signals. Based on full‐length HLA sequences, we also propose that the most frequent DRB1 allele in the studied population, DRB1*13:04, emerged from an allelic conversion involving 3 potential alleles as donors and DRB1*11:02:01 as recipient. Finally, our analysis revealed a high occurrence of the DRB1*13:04‐DQA1*05:05:01‐DQB1*03:19 haplotype, possibly resulting from a selective sweep due to protection to Onchorcerca volvulus, a prevalent pathogen in West Africa. This study unveils highly relevant information on the molecular evolution of HLA genes in relation to their immune function, calling for similar analyses in other populations living in contrasting environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Goeury
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - L E Creary
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - L Brunet
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility (UIT/LNRH), Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M Galan
- INRA, UMR 1062 CBGP, avenue du Campus Agropolis, Montferrier sur Lez, France
| | - M Pasquier
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - B Kervaire
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility (UIT/LNRH), Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Langaney
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - J-M Tiercy
- Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Transplantation Immunology Unit and National Reference Laboratory for Histocompatibility (UIT/LNRH), Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M A Fernández-Viña
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California
| | - J M Nunes
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Sanchez-Mazas
- Laboratory of Anthropology, Genetics and Peopling History, Department of Genetics and Evolution - Anthropology Unit, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.,Institute of Genetics and Genomics in Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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El-Bendary M, Neamatallah M, Elalfy H, Besheer T, Kamel E, Mousa H, Eladl AH, El-Setouhy M, El-Gilany AH, El-Waseef A, Esmat G. HLA Class II-DRB1 Alleles with Hepatitis C Virus Infection Outcome in Egypt: A Multicentre Family-based Study. Ann Hepatol 2019; 18:68-77. [PMID: 31113612 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.7864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global medical problem. HLA -DRB1 alleles have an important role in immune response against HCV. The aim of this study is to clarify the contribution of HLA -DRB1 alleles in HCV susceptibility in a multicentre family-based study. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 162 Egyptian families were recruited in this study with a total of 951 individuals (255 with chronic hepatitis C (CHC), 588 persons in the control group(-ve household contact to HCV) and 108 persons who spontaneously cleared the virus (SVC). All subjects were genotyped for HLA -DRB1 alleles by SSP-PCR and sequence based typing (SBT) methods. RESULTS The carriage of alleles 3:01:01 and 13:01:01 were highly significant in CHC when compared to that of control and SVC groups [OR of 3 family = 5.1289, PC (Bonferroni correction ) = 0.0002 and 5.9847, PC = 0.0001 and OR of 13 family = 4.6860, PC = 0.0002 and OR = 6.5987, PC = 0.0001 respectively]. While DRB1*040501, DRB1*040101, DRB1*7:01:01 and DRB1*110101 alleles were more frequent in SVC group than CHC patients (OR = 0.4052, PC = 0.03, OR: OR = 0.0916,PC = 0.0006, OR = 0.1833,PC = 0.0006 and OR = 0.4061, PC = 0.0001 respectively). CONCLUSIONS It was concluded that among the Egyptian families, HLA-DRB1*030101, and DRB1*130101 alleles associated with the risk of progression to CHC infection, while DRB1*040101, DRB1*040501, DRB1*7:01:01and DRB1*110101 act as protective alleles against HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud El-Bendary
- Tropical Medicine & Hepatology, Mansoura Faculty Of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura,Dakahlyia, Egypt.
| | - Mustafa Neamatallah
- Medical Biochemistry, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlyia, Egypt
| | - Hatem Elalfy
- Tropical Medicine & Hepatology, Mansoura Faculty Of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura,Dakahlyia, Egypt
| | - Tarek Besheer
- Tropical Medicine & Hepatology, Mansoura Faculty Of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura,Dakahlyia, Egypt
| | - Emily Kamel
- Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlyia, Egypt
| | - Hend Mousa
- Biochemistry, Mansoura Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlyia, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hamid Eladl
- Internal Medicine Department, Alazhar Faculty of Medicine-Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Maged El-Setouhy
- Department of Community and Occupational Medicine, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine. Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hady El-Gilany
- Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlyia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Waseef
- Biochemistry, Mansoura Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Dakahlyia, Egypt
| | - Gamal Esmat
- Tropical Medicine & Hepatology, Cairo Faculty of Medicine
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Suhail M, Sohrab SS, Qureshi A, Tarique M, Abdel-Hafiz H, Al-Ghamdi K, Qadri I. Association of HCV mutated proteins and host SNPs in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2018; 60:160-172. [PMID: 29501636 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus plays a significant role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) globally. The pathogenic mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma with HCV infection are generally linked with inflammation, cytokines, fibrosis, cellular signaling pathways, and liver cell proliferation modulating pathways. HCV encoded proteins (Core, NS3, NS4, NS5A) interact with a broad range of hepatocytes derived factors to modulate an array of activities such as cell signaling, DNA repair, transcription and translational regulation, cell propagation, apoptosis, membrane topology. These four viral proteins are also implicated to show a strong conversion potential in tissue culture. Furthermore, Core and NS5A also trigger the accretion of the β-catenin pathway as a common target to contribute viral induced transformation. There is a strong association between HCV variants within Core, NS4, and NS5A and host single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the HCC pathogenesis. Identification of such viral mutants and host SNPs is very critical to determine the risk of HCC and response to antiviral therapy. In this review, we highlight the association of key variants, mutated proteins, and host SNPs in development of HCV induced HCC. How such viral mutants may modulate the interaction with cellular host machinery is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Suhail
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sayed Sartaj Sohrab
- Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, PO Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abid Qureshi
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences (SKIMS), Srinagar, J&K, India
| | - Mohd Tarique
- Department of Surgery, Sylvester Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, United States
| | - Hany Abdel-Hafiz
- Dept of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Khalid Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Biological Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ishtiaq Qadri
- Department of Biological Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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Crux NB, Elahi S. Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and Immune Regulation: How Do Classical and Non-Classical HLA Alleles Modulate Immune Response to Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infections? Front Immunol 2017; 8:832. [PMID: 28769934 PMCID: PMC5513977 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genetic factors associated with susceptibility or resistance to viral infections are likely to involve a sophisticated array of immune response. These genetic elements may modulate other biological factors that account for significant influence on the gene expression and/or protein function in the host. Among them, the role of the major histocompatibility complex in viral pathogenesis in particular human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), is very well documented. We, recently, added a novel insight into the field by identifying the molecular mechanism associated with the protective role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27/B57 CD8+ T cells in the context of HIV-1 infection and why these alleles act as a double-edged sword protecting against viral infections but predisposing the host to autoimmune diseases. The focus of this review will be reexamining the role of classical and non-classical HLA alleles, including class Ia (HLA-A, -B, -C), class Ib (HLA-E, -F, -G, -H), and class II (HLA-DR, -DQ, -DM, and -DP) in immune regulation and viral pathogenesis (e.g., HIV and HCV). To our knowledge, this is the very first review of its kind to comprehensively analyze the role of these molecules in immune regulation associated with chronic viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole B Crux
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shokrollah Elahi
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Hiramatsu K, Matsuda H, Nemoto T, Nosaka T, Saito Y, Naito T, Takahashi K, Ofuji K, Ohtani M, Suto H, Yasuda T, Hida Y, Kimura H, Soya Y, Nakamoto Y. Identification of novel variants in HLA class II region related to HLA DPB1 expression and disease progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. J Med Virol 2017; 89:1574-1583. [PMID: 28332201 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.24814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide studies have demonstrated that HLA class II gene may play an important role in viral hepatitis. We studied genetic polymorphism and RNA expression of HLA class II genes in HCV-related liver diseases. The study was performed in groups consisting of 24 patients with HCV-related liver disease (12 of persistent normal ALT: PNALT group and 12 of advanced liver disease: ALD group) and 26 patients without HCV infection (control group). In PBMC samples, RNA expression of HLA class II genes (HLA-DPA1, DPB1, DQA1, DQB1, and DRB1) was analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. Furthermore, 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HLA class II gene and two SNPs in IL28B gene were genotyped by genetic analyzer (GENECUBE®). In expression analysis, only DPB1 level was significantly different. Mean expression level of DPB1gene in control group was 160.0, PNALT group 233.8, and ALD group 465.0 (P < 0.01). Of 24 SNPs, allele frequencies were statistically different in two SNPs (rs2071025 and rs3116996) between PNALT groups and ALD group (P < 0.01). In rs2071025, TT genotype was frequently detected in ALD group and expression level was significantly higher than the other genotypes (449.2 vs 312.9, P < 0.01). In rs3116996, TA or TT (non AA) genotype was frequently detected in ALD group and expression level was significantly higher than genotype AA (457.1 vs 220.9, P < 0.01). Genotyping and expression analysis in HLA class II gene revealed that two SNPs of HLA-DPB1 (rs2071025 and rs3116996) were significantly correlated to RNA expression and progression of HCV-related liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsushi Hiramatsu
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Matsuda
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nemoto
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Takuto Nosaka
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yasushi Saito
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Naito
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazuto Takahashi
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Kazuya Ofuji
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ohtani
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suto
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Yasuda
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Division of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yukio Hida
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Laboratories, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Hideki Kimura
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Laboratories, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Soya
- Tsuruga Institute of Biotechnology, Toyobo Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasunari Nakamoto
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Second Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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9
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Ruiz-Extremera A, Pavón-Castillero EJ, Florido M, Muñoz de Rueda P, Muñoz-Gámez JA, Casado J, Carazo A, Quiles R, Jiménez-Ruiz SM, Gila A, Luna JD, León J, Salmerón J. Influence of HLA class I, HLA class II and KIRs on vertical transmission and chronicity of hepatitis C virus in children. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172527. [PMID: 28225833 PMCID: PMC5321427 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & aim There is evidence that maternal viral load of HCV during delivery influences the risk for Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), but this does not explain all cases. We study the role of the immunogenetic profile (HLA, KIRs and KIR-ligand binding) of mothers and children in HCV-MTCT and in chronicity in the children. Methodology 79 HCV-RNA (+) mothers and their 98 children were included. 24 children were infected, becoming chronic in 8 cases and clearing in 16. HLA-class-I and II and KIRs were determined by Luminex. Results MTCT study: The presence of HLA-C1-ligand in mothers and/or their children reduces the risk of transmission (mothers: Pc = 0.011, children: P = 0.033), whereas the presence of HLA-C2C2-ligand in mothers increases it (Pc = 0.011). In children KIR2DL3-HLA-C1 is a protector factor (Pc = 0.011). Chronicity in children study: Maternal DQA1*01 allele (Pc = 0.027), KIR2DS1 (Pc = 0.011) or KIR3DS1 (Pc = 0.011) favours chronicity in the child. The presence of the DQB1*03 allele (Pc = 0.027) and KIR2DS3 (P = 0.056) in the child and homozygosity for KIR3DL1/3DL1 (Pc = 0.011) and for the HLA-Bw4/Bw4 ligand (P = 0.027) is associated with viral clearance, whereas the presence of HLA-Bw6 ligand (P = 0.027), the binding of KIR3DS1-HLA-Bw4 (P = 0.037) and heterozygosity for KIR3DL1/3DS1 (Pc = 0.011) favour viral chronicity. Mother/child allele matching: In the joint HLA analysis, matching was greater between mothers and children with chronic infection vs those who had cleared the virus (67%±4.1 vs 57%±1.2, P = 0.003). Conclusions The HLA-C1 ligand in the mother is related to MTCT, while several genetic factors of the mother or child are involved in the chronification or clearance of infection in the child. Matching allelic data is considered to be an indicator of HCV chronicity in the child and can be used as a potential prognostic test. This implies that NK cells may play a previously undocumented role in protecting against MTCT and that both NK cell immunity and adaptive T-cell responses may influence viral clearance in infected children.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Ruiz-Extremera
- Paediatric Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital and Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Paediatric Department, Granada University, Granada, Spain
- CIBER for Liver and Digestive Disease (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
| | - E. J. Pavón-Castillero
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - M. Florido
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - P. Muñoz de Rueda
- CIBER for Liver and Digestive Disease (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - J. A. Muñoz-Gámez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - J. Casado
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - A. Carazo
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - R. Quiles
- CIBER for Liver and Digestive Disease (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - S. M. Jiménez-Ruiz
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Medicine Department, Granada University, Granada, Spain
| | - A. Gila
- CIBER for Liver and Digestive Disease (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - J. D. Luna
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
- Biostatistic Department, Granada University, Granada, Spain
| | - J. León
- CIBER for Liver and Digestive Disease (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
| | - J. Salmerón
- CIBER for Liver and Digestive Disease (CIBERehd), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada, Spain
- Clinical Management Unit of Digestive Diseases, Research Unit, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Medicine Department, Granada University, Granada, Spain
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10
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El-Bendary M, Neamatallah M, Esmat G, Kamel E, Elalfy H, Besheer T, Eldeib D, Eladl AH, El-Setouhy M, El-Gilany AH, El-Waseef A. Associations of human leucocyte antigen class II-DQB1 alleles with hepatitis C virus infection in Egyptian population: a multicentre family-based study. J Viral Hepat 2016; 23:961-970. [PMID: 27599887 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis C infection is a global pandemic. HLA-DQB1 alleles are believed to have an effective role in immune response against HCV including susceptibility to or protection from this infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the contribution of HLA-DQB1 alleles in the outcome of HCV genotype-4 infection through a family-based association study. Egyptian families with HCV (324) were recruited for this study (324 index positive for RNA-HCV, 225 positive relatives representing chronic hepatitis C cases and 582 family members negative for HCV-RNA [control], 63 of whom spontaneously cleared the virus. All subjects were genotyped for HLA-DQB1 alleles by sequence-specific primers (SSP-PCR) and sequence-based typing (SBT) methods. The frequency of DQB1*02:01:01 carriage was significantly higher in infected patients when compared to controls and those who spontaneously cleared virus (OR=5.47, P<.0001 and OR= 6.5234, P<.0001, respectively), and the carriage of the DQB1*03:01:01:01 allele was significantly higher in those who cleared and controls when compared to the infected patients (OR=0.2889, P<.0001 and OR=0.3016, P<.0001, respectively). On the other hand, the frequency of DQB1*06:01:01 and QB1*05:01:01:01 alleles was not associated with infection (comparison of infected and cleared patients showed OR of 2.1598 [P<.01]), but it becomes nonsignificant after adjustments with the Bonferroni formula (PC >0.05) and OR= 1.3523, P>.05, respectively. This study shows that clearance of HCV is associated with DQB1*03:01:01:01 allele and chronicity of HCV infection associated with the risk allele: DQB1*02:01:01.
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Affiliation(s)
- M El-Bendary
- Tropical Medicine & Hepatology, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - M Neamatallah
- Medical Biochemistry, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - G Esmat
- Tropical Medicine & Hepatology, Cairo Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - E Kamel
- Public Health & Preventive Medicine Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - H Elalfy
- Tropical Medicine & Hepatology, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - T Besheer
- Tropical Medicine & Hepatology, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - D Eldeib
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A-H Eladl
- Internal Medicine Department, Alazhar Faculty of Medicine- Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - M El-Setouhy
- Department of Community, Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A-H El-Gilany
- Public Health & Preventive Medicine Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - A El-Waseef
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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11
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Sarri CA, Markantoni M, Stamatis C, Papa A, Tsakris A, Pervanidou D, Baka A, Politis C, Billinis C, Hadjichristodoulou C, Mamuris Z. Genetic Contribution of MHC Class II Genes in Susceptibility to West Nile Virus Infection. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165952. [PMID: 27812212 PMCID: PMC5094746 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
WNV is a zoonotic neurotropic flavivirus that has recently emerged globally as a significant cause of viral encephalitis. The last five years, 624 incidents of WNV infection have been reported in Greece. The risk for severe WNV disease increases among immunosuppressed individuals implying thus the contribution of the MHC locus to the control of WNV infection. In order to investigate a possible association of MHC class II genes, especially HLA-DPA1, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DRB1, we examined 105 WNV patients, including 68 cases with neuroinvasive disease and 37 cases with mild clinical phenotype, collected during the period from 2010 to2013, and 100 control individuals selected form the Greek population. Typing was performed for exon 2 for all three genes. DQA1*01:01 was considered to be "protective" against WNV infection (25.4% vs 40.1%, P = 0.004) while DQA1*01:02 was associated with increased susceptibility (48.0% vs 32.1%, P = 0.003). Protection against neuroinvasion was associated with the presence of DRB1*11:02 (4.99% vs 0.0%, P = 0.018). DRB1*16:02 was also absent from the control cohort (P = 0.016). Three additional population control groups were used in order to validate our results. No statistically significant association with the disease was found for HLA-DPA alleles. The results of the present study provide some evidence that MHC class II is involved in the response to WNV infection, outlining infection "susceptibility" and "CNS-high-risk" candidates. Furthermore, three new alleles were identified while the frequency of all alleles in the study was compared with worldwide data. The characterization of the MHC locus could help to estimate the risk for severe WNV cases in a country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantina A. Sarri
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Maria Markantoni
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Costas Stamatis
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Anna Papa
- Arboviruses Reference Laboratory, 1st Microbiological Laboratory, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Athanasios Tsakris
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Danai Pervanidou
- Hellenic Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (HCDCP), Attika, Greece
| | - Agoritsa Baka
- Hellenic Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (HCDCP), Attika, Greece
| | | | - Charalambos Billinis
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Karditsa, Greece
| | | | - Zissis Mamuris
- Laboratory of Genetics, Comparative and Evolutionary Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
- * E-mail:
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12
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Lin J, Wu JF, Zhang Q, Zhang HW, Cao GW. Virus-related liver cirrhosis: molecular basis and therapeutic options. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:6457-69. [PMID: 24914367 PMCID: PMC4047331 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i21.6457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2013] [Revised: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the major causes of cirrhosis globally. It takes 10-20 years to progress from viral hepatitis to cirrhosis. Intermediately active hepatic inflammation caused by the infections contributes to the inflammation-necrosis-regeneration process, ultimately cirrhosis. CD8(+) T cells and NK cells cause liver damage via targeting the infected hepatocytes directly and releasing pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokines. Hepatic stellate cells play an active role in fibrogenesis via secreting fibrosis-related factors. Under the inflammatory microenvironment, the viruses experience mutation-selection-adaptation to evade immune clearance. However, immune selection of some HBV mutations in the evolution towards cirrhosis seems different from that towards hepatocellular carcinoma. As viral replication is an important driving force of cirrhosis pathogenesis, antiviral treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogs is generally effective in halting the progression of cirrhosis, improving liver function and reducing the morbidity of decompensated cirrhosis caused by chronic HBV infection. Interferon-α plus ribavirin and/or the direct acting antivirals such as Vaniprevir are effective for compensated cirrhosis caused by chronic HCV infection. The standard of care for the treatment of HCV-related cirrhosis with interferon-α plus ribavirin should consider the genotypes of IL-28B. Understanding the mechanism of fibrogenesis and hepatocyte regeneration will facilitate the development of novel therapies for decompensated cirrhosis.
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13
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Thanapati S, Hande A, Das R, Gurav Y, Tripathy AS. Association of human leukocyte antigen class II allele and haplotypes in chikungunya viral infection in a western Indian population. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2014; 108:277-82. [DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/tru030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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14
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Sundqvist E, Buck D, Warnke C, Albrecht E, Gieger C, Khademi M, Lima Bomfim I, Fogdell-Hahn A, Link J, Alfredsson L, Søndergaard HB, Hillert J, Oturai AB, Hemme B, Kockum I, Olsson T. JC polyomavirus infection is strongly controlled by human leucocyte antigen class II variants. PLoS Pathog 2014; 10:e1004084. [PMID: 24763718 PMCID: PMC3999271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
JC polyomavirus (JCV) carriers with a compromised immune system, such as in HIV, or subjects on immune-modulating therapies, such as anti VLA-4 therapy may develop progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) which is a lytic infection of oligodendrocytes in the brain. Serum antibodies to JCV mark infection occur only in 50–60% of infected individuals, and high JCV-antibody titers seem to increase the risk of developing PML. We here investigated the role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA), instrumental in immune defense in JCV antibody response. Anti-JCV antibody status, as a surrogate for JCV infection, were compared to HLA class I and II alleles in 1621 Scandinavian persons with MS and 1064 population-based Swedish controls and associations were replicated in 718 German persons with MS. HLA-alleles were determined by SNP imputation, sequence specific (SSP) kits and a reverse PCR sequence-specific oligonucleotide (PCR-SSO) method. An initial GWAS screen displayed a strong HLA class II region signal. The HLA-DRB1*15 haplotype was strongly negatively associated to JCV sero-status in Scandinavian MS cases (OR = 0.42, p = 7×10−15) and controls (OR = 0.53, p = 2×10−5). In contrast, the DQB1*06:03 haplotype was positively associated with JCV sero-status, in Scandinavian MS cases (OR = 1.63, p = 0.006), and controls (OR = 2.69, p = 1×10−5). The German dataset confirmed these findings (OR = 0.54, p = 1×10−4 and OR = 1.58, p = 0.03 respectively for these haplotypes). HLA class II restricted immune responses, and hence CD4+ T cell immunity is pivotal for JCV infection control. Alleles within the HLA-DR1*15 haplotype are associated with a protective effect on JCV infection. Alleles within the DQB1*06:03 haplotype show an opposite association. These associations between JC virus antibody response and human leucocyte antigens supports the notion that CD4+ T cells are crucial in the immune defence to JCV and lays the ground for risk stratification for PML and development of therapy and prevention. JC virus infection can lead to progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in individuals with a compromised immune system, such as during HIV infections or when treated with immunosuppressive or immunomodulating therapies. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy is a rare but potentially fatal disease characterized by progressive damage of the brain white matter at multiple locations. It is therefore of importance to understand the host genetic control of response to JC virus in order to identify patients that can be treated with immunomodulating therapies, common treatments for autoimmune diseases, without increased risk for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. This may also lead to development of preventative or curative anti-JC virus therapies. We here identify genetic variants being associated with JC virus antibody development; a negative association with the human leucocyte antigen DRB1*15-DQA1*01:02-DQB1*06:02 haplotype and a positive association with the DRB1*13-DQA1*01:03-DQB1*06:03 haplotype among controls and patients with multiple sclerosis from Scandinavia. We confirmed the associations in patients with multiple sclerosis from Germany. These associations between JC virus antibody response and human leucocyte antigens imply that CD4+ T cells are crucial in the immune defence and lay the ground for development of therapy and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Sundqvist
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dorothea Buck
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Clemens Warnke
- The Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Eva Albrecht
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München - German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Mohsen Khademi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Izaura Lima Bomfim
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Fogdell-Hahn
- The Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jenny Link
- The Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Alfredsson
- Institute for Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helle Bach Søndergaard
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Hillert
- The Multiple Sclerosis Research Group, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Annette B. Oturai
- Danish Multiple Sclerosis Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bernhard Hemme
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Ingrid Kockum
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- * E-mail:
| | - Tomas Olsson
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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HLA-DQB1*03 confers susceptibility to chronic hepatitis C in Japanese: a genome-wide association study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84226. [PMID: 24376798 PMCID: PMC3871580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) establishes a chronic infection in 70-80% of infected individuals. Many researchers have examined the effect of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) on viral persistence because of its critical role in the immune response against exposure to HCV, but almost all studies have proven to be inconclusive. To identify genetic risk factors for chronic HCV infection, we analyzed 458,207 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 481 chronic HCV patients and 2,963 controls in a Japanese cohort. Next, we performed a replication study with an independent panel of 4,358 cases and 1,114 controls. We further confirmed the association in 1,379 cases and 25,817 controls. In the GWAS phase, we found 17 SNPs that showed suggestive association (P < 1 × 10-5). After the first replication study, we found one intronic SNP in the HLA-DQ locus associated with chronic HCV infection, and when we combined the two studies, the association reached the level of genome-wide significance. In the second replication study, we again confirmed the association (Pcombined = 3.59 × 10−16, odds ratio [OR] = 0.79). Subsequent analysis revealed another SNP, rs1130380, with a stronger association (OR=0.72). This nucleotide substitution causes an amino acid substitution (R55P) in the HLA-DQB1 protein specific to the DQB1*03 allele, which is common worldwide. In addition, we confirmed an association with the previously reported IFNL3-IFNL4 locus and propose that the effect of DQB1*03 on HCV persistence might be affected by the IFNL4 polymorphism. Our findings suggest that a common amino acid substitution in HLA-DQB1 affects susceptibility to chronic infection with HCV in the Japanese population and may not be independent of the IFNL4 genotype.
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Association between human leukocyte antigen class I and II alleles and hepatitis C virus infection in high-risk hemodialysis patients awaiting kidney transplantation. Hum Immunol 2013; 74:1629-32. [PMID: 23974050 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent evidences have shown that several host genetic factors influence susceptibility or protection to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. There are controversial data regarding the associations of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and the clearance or progression of HCV. The aim of this study was to investigate whether particular HLA molecules were associated with HCV infection in recipients awaiting kidney transplantation considered at high-risk to infection due to protracted hemodialysis treatment. To this purpose, 301 kidney recipients with HCV infection and 1103 uninfected recipients were examined for HLA class I and II molecules. In our case-control study, HLA-A(*)26 is positively associated with HCV infection while HLA-A(*)29, -B(*)40 and -DRB1(*)01 are negatively associated with HCV infection. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that age (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = 1.01-1.04; p < 0.00), HLA-A(*)26, -A(*)29, -B(*)40 and -DRB1(*)01 [(OR = 1.54; 95% CI = 1.03-2.30; p = 0.03); (OR = 0.50; 95% CI = 0.26-0.99; p = 0.05); (OR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.23-0, 7; p = 0.01); (OR = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.41-0, 94; p = 0.03); respectively] are independent predictors of HCV infection. Our results suggest that particular HLA molecules, as host genetic factors, may have a relationship with susceptibility or protection to HCV infection also in recipients awaiting kidney transplantation.
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Metcalfe S, Roger M, Faucher MC, Coutlée F, Franco EL, Brassard P. The frequency of HLA alleles in a population of Inuit women of northern Quebec. Int J Circumpolar Health 2013; 72:21350. [PMID: 23986892 PMCID: PMC3754547 DOI: 10.3402/ijch.v72i0.21350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles code for proteins that are involved in the recognition of foreign antigens and activation of the immune system. The frequency of HLA alleles varies across different populations. Objective To describe the frequency of HLA alleles in a population of Inuit women of Nunavik, Quebec, Canada. Design A cohort of women was recruited from 4 different communities between January 2002 and December 2007. HLA-B*07, HLA-DQB1*03, DQB1*06:02, DRB1*13 and DRB1*15:01 alleles were typed by PCR sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP) and HLA-E and G alleles were type by DNA-sequencing procedures. Results We obtained data on 524 participants. The most frequent HLA alleles in this population were HLA-E*01:03, HLA-G*01:04:01 and HLA-DQB1*03, and they were found in 89, 75 and 94% of the population, respectively. Conclusions The distribution of HLA alleles in Nunavik, Quebec is unique when compared to other populations in Canada or around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Metcalfe
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Human leukocyte antigen class II alleles (DQB1 and DRB1) as predictors for response to interferon therapy in HCV genotype 4. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:392746. [PMID: 23576852 PMCID: PMC3612450 DOI: 10.1155/2013/392746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 01/07/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human leukocyte antigens class II play an important role in immune response against HCV. We investigated whether HLA class II alleles influence susceptibility to HCV infection and response to interferon therapy. HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 loci were genotyped using PCR-SSO Luminex technology. According to our regimen, 41 (66%) of patients achieved sustained virological response to combined treatment of IFN and ribavirin. Frequencies of DQB1∗0313 allele and DRB1∗04-DRB1∗11, DQB1∗0204-DQB1∗0313, DQB1∗0309-DQB1∗0313, and DQB1∗0313-DQB1∗0319 haplotypes were significantly more frequent in nonresponders than in responders. In contrast, DQB1∗02, DQB1∗06, DRB1∗13, and DRB1∗15 alleles were significantly more frequent in responders than in nonresponders. Similarly, DRB1∗1301, DRB1∗1361, and DRB1∗1369 alleles and DRB1∗1301-DRB1∗1328, DRB1∗1301-DRB1∗1361, DRB1∗1301-DRB1∗1369, DRB1∗1328-DRB1∗1361, and DRB1∗1328-DRB1∗1369 haplotypes were significantly found only in responders. Some alleles and linkages showed significantly different distributions between patient and healthy groups. These alleles may be used as predictors for response to treatment or to susceptibility to HCV infection in the Egyptian population.
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Lương KVQ, Nguyễn LTH. Theoretical basis of a beneficial role for vitamin D in viral hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2012; 18:5338-50. [PMID: 23082050 PMCID: PMC3471102 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v18.i38.5338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Revised: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormal bone metabolism and dysfunction of the calcium-parathyroid hormone-vitamin D axis have been reported in patients with viral hepatitis. Some studies suggested a relationship between vitamin D and viral hepatitis. Genetic studies have provided an opportunity to identify the proteins that link vitamin D to the pathology of viral hepatitis (i.e., the major histocompatibility complex class II molecules, the vitamin D receptor, cytochrome P450, the renin-angiotensin system, apolipoprotein E, liver X receptor, toll-like receptor, and the proteins regulated by the Sp1 promoter gene). Vitamin D also exerts its effects on viral hepatitis via non-genomic factors, i.e., matrix metalloproteinase, endothelial vascular growth factor, prostaglandins, cyclooxygenase-2, and oxidative stress. In conclusion, vitamin D could have a beneficial role in viral hepatitis. Calcitriol is best used for viral hepatitis because it is the active form of the vitamin D3 metabolite.
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