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Oliver ET, Saini SS. Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria: Etiology and Pathogenesis. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2024; 44:421-438. [PMID: 38937007 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Urticaria, also known as hives, is a common condition thought to affect up to 20% of individuals worldwide in their lifetime. This skin condition is characterized by the appearance of pruritic, erythematous papules or plaques with superficial swelling of the dermis. The major complaint is the symptom of pruritus. Angioedema, which involves a deeper swelling of dermal or mucosal tissues, may accompany urticaria. Urticaria can be classified by both time course of symptoms and the underlying etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Oliver
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle/ Room 3A. 18A, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Sarbjit S Saini
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Room 2B. 71B, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
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2
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Strakosha M, Vega-Mendoza D, Kane J, Jain A, Sun L, Rockowitz S, Elkins M, Miyake K, Chou J, Karasuyama H, Geha RS, Leyva-Castillo JM. Basophils Play a Protective Role in the Recovery of Skin Barrier Function from Mechanical Injury in Mice. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1784-1797.e4. [PMID: 38286187 PMCID: PMC11260541 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Physical trauma disrupts skin barrier function. How the skin barrier recovers is not fully understood. We evaluated in mice the mechanism of skin barrier recovery after mechanical injury inflicted by tape stripping. Tape stripping disrupted skin barrier function as evidenced by increased transepidermal water loss. We show that tape stripping induces IL-1-, IL-23-, and TCRγδ+-dependent upregulation of cutaneous Il17a and Il22 expression. We demonstrate that IL-17A and IL-22 induce epidermal hyperplasia, promote neutrophil recruitment, and delay skin barrier function recovery. Neutrophil depletion improved the recovery of skin barrier function and decreased epidermal hyperplasia. Single-cell RNA sequencing and flow cytometry analysis of skin cells revealed basophil infiltration into tape-stripped skin. Basophil depletion upregulated Il17a expression, increased neutrophil infiltration, and delayed skin barrier recovery. Comparative analysis of genes differentially expressed in tape-stripped skin of basophil-depleted mice and Il17a-/- mice indicated that basophils counteract the effects of IL-17A on the expression of epidermal and lipid metabolism genes important for skin barrier integrity. Our results demonstrate that basophils play a protective role by downregulating Il17a expression after mechanical skin injury, thereby counteracting the adverse effect of IL-17A on skin barrier function recovery, and suggest interventions to accelerate this recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Strakosha
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniela Vega-Mendoza
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jennifer Kane
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ashish Jain
- Research Computing, Information Technology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Liang Sun
- Research Computing, Information Technology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shira Rockowitz
- Research Computing, Information Technology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Megan Elkins
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kensuke Miyake
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Janet Chou
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hajime Karasuyama
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Juan-Manuel Leyva-Castillo
- Division of Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Altrichter S, Giménez-Arnau AM, Bernstein JA, Metz M, Bahadori L, Bergquist M, Brooks L, Ho CN, Jain P, Lukka PB, Rodriguez-Suárez E, Walton C, Datto CJ. Benralizumab does not elicit therapeutic effect in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria: results from the phase IIb multinational randomized double-blind placebo-controlled ARROYO trial. Br J Dermatol 2024; 191:187-199. [PMID: 38367194 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljae067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a relatively common skin disease associated with hives and angio-oedema. Eosinophils play a role in CSU pathogenesis. Benralizumab, an anti-interleukin-5 receptor-α monoclonal antibody, has been shown to induce nearly complete depletion of eosinophils. OBJECTIVES To determine the clinical efficacy and safety of benralizumab in patients with CSU who were symptomatic despite H1 antihistamine treatment. METHODS The 24-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase IIb portion of the ARROYO trial enrolled adult patients with CSU who were currently on H1 antihistamine treatment. Patients were randomized to one of five treatment groups according to benralizumab dose and regimen for a 24-week treatment period. The primary endpoint was change from baseline in Itch Severity Score (ISS)7 at week 12. The key secondary endpoint was change from baseline in Urticaria Activity Score (UAS)7 at week 12. Additional secondary endpoints included other metrics to assess CSU at week 24, blood eosinophil levels, and pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity assessments. Exploratory subgroup analyses were conducted to explore responses according to demographics, clinical features and biomarkers. Safety was assessed in all treatment groups. RESULTS Of 155 patients, 59 were randomized to benralizumab 30 mg, 56 to benralizumab 60 mg and 40 to placebo. Baseline and disease characteristics were consistent with what was expected for patients with CSU. There were no significant differences in change from baseline in ISS7 score at week 12 between benralizumab and placebo [benralizumab 30 mg vs. placebo, least-squares mean difference -1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI) -3.28 to 1.26; benralizumab 60 mg vs. placebo, least-squares mean difference -1.79, 95% CI -4.09 to 0.50] nor in change from baseline in UAS7 score at week 12 between benralizumab and placebo (benralizumab 30 mg vs. placebo, P = 0.407; benralizumab 60 mg vs. placebo, P = 0.082). Depletion of blood eosinophil levels was observed at week 24 in patients treated with benralizumab. All other secondary endpoints and exploratory/subgroup analyses indicated no significant differences between benralizumab and placebo. Safety results were consistent with the known profile of benralizumab. CONCLUSIONS Although benralizumab resulted in near-complete depletion of blood eosinophils, there was no clinical benefit over placebo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Altrichter
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Johannes Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
- Johannes Kepler University Linz, Center for Medical Research, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine and Bernstein Clinical Research Center, LLC, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Martin Metz
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lila Bahadori
- Late-stage Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Maria Bergquist
- Late-stage Clinical Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Laura Brooks
- Late-stage Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Calvin N Ho
- Patient Centered Science, BioPharmaceuticals Medical Evidence, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Priya Jain
- Late-stage Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Pradeep B Lukka
- Clinical and Quantitative Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Eva Rodriguez-Suárez
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Early Respiratory and Immunology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claire Walton
- Late-stage Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Catherine J Datto
- Late-stage Development, Respiratory and Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals Research and Development, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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Akin C, Siebenhaar F, Wechsler JB, Youngblood BA, Maurer M. Detecting Changes in Mast Cell Numbers Versus Activation in Human Disease: A Roadblock for Current Biomarkers? THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:1727-1737. [PMID: 38467332 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of mast cell (MC)-driven disorders is diverse, ranging from localized reactions to systemic disorders caused by abnormal accumulation and activation in multiorgan systems. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is critically important, both for informing treatment and objective assessment of treatment outcomes. As new therapeutics are being developed to deplete MCs or silence them (eg, by engaging inhibitory receptors that block activation), new biomarkers are needed that can distinguish between MC activation versus burden. Serum tryptase is the gold standard for assessing both MC burden and activation; however, commercial tryptase assays have limitations related to timing of release, lack of discernment between inactive (α) and active (β) forms of tryptase, and interpatient variability of baseline levels. Alternative approaches to measuring MC activation include urinary MC mediators, flow cytometry-based assays or gene expression profiling. Additional markers of MC activation are needed for use in clinical diagnostics, to help selection of treatment of MC diseases, and for assessing outcomes of therapy. We review the spectrum of disorders with known or suspected MC contribution, describe the utility and limitations of current MC markers and assays, and discuss the need for new markers that can differentiate between MC activation and burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Akin
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich
| | - Frank Siebenhaar
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joshua B Wechsler
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology, Berlin, Germany.
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Leyva-Castillo JM, Vega-Mendoza D, Strakosha M, Deng L, Choi S, Miyake K, Karasuyama H, Chiu IM, Phipatanakul W, Geha RS. Basophils are important for development of allergic skin inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1344-1354.e5. [PMID: 38336257 PMCID: PMC11070311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis skin lesions exhibit increased infiltration by basophils. Basophils produce IL-4, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the role of basophils in a mouse model of antigen-driven allergic skin inflammation. METHODS Wild-type mice, mice with selective and inducible depletion of basophils, and mice expressing Il4-driven enhanced green fluorescent protein were subjected to epicutaneous sensitization with ovalbumin or saline. Sensitized skin was examined by histology for epidermal thickening. Cells were analyzed for surface markers and intracellular expression of enhanced green fluorescent protein by flow cytometry. Gene expression was evaluated by real-time reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. RESULTS Basophils were important for epidermal hyperplasia, dermal infiltration by CD4+ T cells, mast cells, and eosinophils in ovalbumin-sensitized mouse skin and for the local and systemic TH2 response to epicutaneous sensitization. Moreover, basophils were the major source of IL-4 in epicutaneous-sensitized mouse skin and promote the ability of dendritic cells to drive TH2 polarization of naive T cells. CONCLUSION Basophils play an important role in the development of allergic skin inflammation induced by cutaneous exposure to antigen in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Manuel Leyva-Castillo
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
| | - Daniela Vega-Mendoza
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Maria Strakosha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Liwen Deng
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Samantha Choi
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Kensuke Miyake
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Karasuyama
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Isaac M Chiu
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Wanda Phipatanakul
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Raif S Geha
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, and the Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
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Takahashi K, Miyake K, Ito J, Shimamura H, Suenaga T, Karasuyama H, Ohashi K. Topical Application of a PDE4 Inhibitor Ameliorates Atopic Dermatitis through Inhibition of Basophil IL-4 Production. J Invest Dermatol 2024; 144:1048-1057.e8. [PMID: 37827277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.09.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors have been approved for the treatment of atopic dermatitis. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying their therapeutic effect remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, we addressed this unsolved issue by analyzing the action of difamilast, a novel phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, on an oxazolone-induced skin allergic inflammation commonly used as a mouse model of atopic dermatitis. Topical application of difamilast ameliorated skin inflammation in association with reduced IL-4 expression even when the treatment commenced 4 days after the initiation of oxazolone challenge, showing its therapeutic effect on atopic dermatitis. IL-4-deficient mice displayed milder skin inflammation than did wild-type mice, and the difamilast treatment had little or no further therapeutic effect. This was also the case in mice depleted of basophils, predominant producers of IL-4 in the skin lesion, suggesting that difamilast may act on basophils. Notably, basophils accumulating in the skin lesion showed highly upregulated expression of Pde4b encoding the B subtype of the phosphodiesterase 4 family. Difamilast suppressed IL-4 production from basophils activated in vitro, at least in part, through inhibition of ERK phosphorylation. Taken together, difamilast appeared to ameliorate atopic dermatitis inflammation through the suppression of basophil IL-4 production in the skin lesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufusa Takahashi
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Human Pathology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Miyake
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Junya Ito
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hinano Shimamura
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Tadahiro Suenaga
- Department of Immunology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Hajime Karasuyama
- Inflammation, Infection and Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ohashi
- Department of Human Pathology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
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Zhang Y, Lu Q. Immune cells in skin inflammation, wound healing, and skin cancer. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:852-865. [PMID: 37718697 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the self-evident importance of cutaneous immunity in the maintenance of body-surface homeostasis, disturbance of the steady-state skin is inextricably intertwined with dysfunction in cutaneous immunity. It is often overlooked by people that skin, well-known as a solid physical barrier, is also a strong immunological barrier, considering the abundant presence of immune cells including lymphocytes, granulocytes, dendritic cells, and macrophages. What's more, humoral immune components including cytokines, immunoglobulins, and antimicrobial peptides are also rich in the skin. This review centers on skin inflammation (acute and chronic, infection and aseptic inflammation), wound healing, and skin cancer to elucidate the elaborate network of immune cells in skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jiangwangmiao Street No. 12, Xuanwu, Nanjing 210042, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangwangmiao Street No. 12, Xuanwu, Nanjing 210042, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Jiangwangmiao Street No. 12, Xuanwu, Nanjing 210042, China
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangwangmiao Street No. 12, Xuanwu, Nanjing 210042, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing 210042, China
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Nguyen HTG, Le HLH, Nguyen HV, Le HM, Vu HL, Inaoka PT, Tetsuo O, Ly QT, Espinoza JL. Exploring Blood Cell Count-Derived Ratios as Practical Diagnostic Tools for Scabies in Vulnerable Populations. J Pers Med 2024; 14:373. [PMID: 38673000 PMCID: PMC11050978 DOI: 10.3390/jpm14040373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Scabies is a neglected tropical disease and represents a considerable global burden. Although consensus diagnostic criteria for scabies have been recently published, diagnosing scabies infestation remains challenging in clinical practice. We investigated the diagnostic utility of complete blood cell count (CBC) and CBC-derived ratios obtained at diagnosis in a set of 167 patients who are Vietnamese with confirmed scabies. These parameters were compared with those of patients with dermatophytosis (N = 800) and urticaria (N = 2023), two diseases frequent in Vietnam, which can present with similar skin manifestations to scabies and tend to pose a diagnostic challenge in vulnerable populations. Our analysis revealed that white blood cell, monocyte, and eosinophil counts were significantly higher among patients with scabies than the other two diseases. Similarly, the monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and eosinophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (ELR) were significantly higher among patients with scabies. The optimal cut-off values to distinguish scabies from dermatophytosis and urticaria were 0.094 for ELR (sensitivity: 74.85%, specificity: 70.7%) and 0.295 for MLR (sensitivity: 52.69%, specificity: 73.54%). CBC, ELR, and MLR are low-cost and easily calculated parameters that may be helpful for the diagnosis of scabies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang Thao Giang Nguyen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0942, Ishikawa, Japan; (H.T.G.N.); (P.T.I.)
| | - Ha Long Hai Le
- Department of Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 116001, Vietnam;
| | - Hoang Viet Nguyen
- Faculty of Medical Technology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 116001, Vietnam;
| | - Huyen My Le
- Department of Biochemistry, Hematology and Immunology, National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam
| | - Huy Luong Vu
- Department of Laser and Skin Care, National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology, Hanoi 116001, Vietnam
| | - Pleiades T. Inaoka
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0942, Ishikawa, Japan; (H.T.G.N.); (P.T.I.)
| | - Ota Tetsuo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0942, Ishikawa, Japan; (H.T.G.N.); (P.T.I.)
| | - Quoc Trung Ly
- Soctrang Hospital for Women and Children, Soc Trang 950000, Vietnam;
| | - J. Luis Espinoza
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-0942, Ishikawa, Japan; (H.T.G.N.); (P.T.I.)
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Ruan Y, Xu C, Zhang T, Zhu L, Wang H, Wang J, Zhu H, Huang C, Pan M. Single-Cell Profiling Unveils the Inflammatory Heterogeneity within Cutaneous Lesions of Bullous Pemphigoid. J Invest Dermatol 2024:S0022-202X(24)00209-4. [PMID: 38537929 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is a subepidermal blistering skin disease with a complex pathogenesis involving various immune cells. However, the transcriptional features of these cells remain poorly defined. In this study, we constructed a comprehensive and single-cell resolution atlas of various immune cells within BP skin lesions through integrative single-cell analysis, flow cytometry, and multiplex immunohistochemistry. We observed prominent expansion and transcriptional changes in mast cells, macrophages, basophils, and neutrophils within BP lesions. Mast cells within the lesions adopted an active state and exhibited an elevated capacity for producing proinflammatory mediators. We observed an imbalance of macrophages/dendritic cells within BP lesions. Two macrophage subpopulations (NLRP3+ and C1q+) with distinct transcriptional profiles were identified and upregulated effector programs. T-peripheral helper-like T helper 2 cells were expanded in skin lesions and peripheral blood of patients with BP and were capable of promoting B-cell responses. In addition, we observed clonally expanded granzyme B-positive CD8+ T cells within BP lesions. Chemokine receptor mapping revealed the potential roles of macrophages and mast cells in recruiting pathogenic immune cells and underlying mechanisms within BP lesions. Thus, this study reveals key immune pathogenic features of BP lesions, thereby providing valuable insights for potential therapeutic interventions in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ruan
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuqiao Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hailun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingying Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiqin Zhu
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanxin Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Meng Pan
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Immune-Related Diseases at Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Jungbauer F, Affolter A, Brochhausen C, Lammert A, Ludwig S, Merx K, Rotter N, Huber L. Risk factors for immune-related adverse effects during CPI therapy in patients with head and neck malignancies - a single center study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1287178. [PMID: 38420014 PMCID: PMC10899674 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1287178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD1 inhibitors, represent an important pillar in the therapy of advanced malignancies of the head and neck region. The most relevant complications are immune-related adverse effects (irAEs), which represent an immense burden for patients. Currently, no sufficient stratification measures are available to identify patients at increased risk of irAEs. The aim of this retrospective study was to examine whether demographic, histopathological, clinical, or laboratory values at the start of CPI therapy represent a risk factor for the later occurrence of autoimmune complications. Material and methods Data from 35 patients between 2018 and 2021 who received therapy with nivolumab or pembrolizumab for head and neck malignancy were analyzed and assessed for any associations with the subsequent occurrence of irAEs. Results IrAE developed in 37% of patients, with pneumonitis being the most common form (14%). Pneumonitis was found in patients with an average significantly lower T-stage of primary tumors. An increase in basophilic leukocytes was found in patients with dermatitis later in the course. When thyroiditis developed later, the patients had a higher CPS score and lower monocyte levels. Discussion Even though individual laboratory values at the beginning of therapy might show a statistical association with the later occurrence of irAEs, neither demographic, histopathological, nor laboratory chemistry values seem to be able to generate a sound and reliable risk profile for this type of complication. Therefore, patients need to be educated and sensitized to irAEs, and regular screening for irAEs should be carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Jungbauer
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Annette Affolter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christoph Brochhausen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Anne Lammert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sonja Ludwig
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kirsten Merx
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Lena Huber
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head- and Neck-Surgery, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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11
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Park J, Kang SJ. The ontogenesis and heterogeneity of basophils. DISCOVERY IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 3:kyae003. [PMID: 38567293 PMCID: PMC10941320 DOI: 10.1093/discim/kyae003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Basophils are the rarest leukocytes, but they have essential roles in protection against helminths, allergic disorders, autoimmune diseases, and some cancers. For years, the clinical significance of basophils has been neglected because of the lack of proper experimental tools to study them. The development of basophil-specific antibodies and animal models, along with genomic advances like single-cell transcriptomics, has greatly enhanced our understanding of basophil biology. Recent discoveries regarding basophils prompted us to write this review, emphasizing the basophil developmental pathway. In it, we chronologically examine the steps of basophil development in various species, which reveals the apparent advent of basophils predating IgE and basophil's IgE-independent regulatory role in primitive vertebrates. Then, we cover studies of basophil development in adult bone marrow, and compare those of murine and human basophils, introducing newly identified basophil progenitors and mature basophil subsets, as well as the transcription factors that regulate the transitions between them. Last, we discuss the heterogeneity of tissue-resident basophils, which may develop through extramedullary hematopoiesis. We expect that this review will contribute to a deeper understanding of basophil biology from the intricate aspects of basophil development and differentiation, offering valuable insights for both researchers and clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Jo Kang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon34141, Republic of Korea
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12
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Nagashima N, Ugajin T, Miyake K, Walls AF, Namiki T, Yokozeki H, Karasuyama H, Okiyama N. Cutaneous basophil infiltration in atopic dermatitis is associated with abundant epidermal infiltration of helper T cells: A preliminary retrospective study. J Dermatol 2024; 51:130-134. [PMID: 37789696 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a heterogenous inflammatory skin disorder. Our previous study revealed that basophil infiltration in skin is observed in approximately 60% of AD cases. However, the clinical and histological characteristics of AD associated with basophil infiltration remain unclear. We examined basophil infiltration by immunohistochemical staining of 38 specimens from 34 patients who underwent skin biopsies to diagnose AD from April 2016 to September 2021 at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital. The patients/specimens were divided into two groups, 17 patients/21 specimens associated with little or no basophil infiltration (basophil-low group) and 17 patients/17 specimens associated with marked basophil infiltration (basophil-high group). The clinical characteristics of the patients (age, sex, complications, blood biomarkers, skin symptoms, and treatment) and histological features of the specimens were compared between the groups. Basophil-high patients were significantly younger than basophil-low patients. Blood basophil counts were higher in basophil-high patients than in basophil-low patients. CD4+ T-cell infiltration was more marked in basophil-high specimens than in basophil-low specimens. CD4+ T cells infiltrated into the dermis as well as into the epidermis only in the basophil-high specimens. Thus, basophil-high AD can be characterized by skin lesions associated with abundant helper T-cell infiltration in younger patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsumi Nagashima
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Ugajin
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kensuke Miyake
- Inflammation, Infection & Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andrew F Walls
- Immunopharmacology Group, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Takeshi Namiki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroo Yokozeki
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Karasuyama
- Inflammation, Infection & Immunity Laboratory, Advanced Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Okiyama
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Metz M, Kolkhir P, Altrichter S, Siebenhaar F, Levi-Schaffer F, Youngblood BA, Church MK, Maurer M. Mast cell silencing: A novel therapeutic approach for urticaria and other mast cell-mediated diseases. Allergy 2024; 79:37-51. [PMID: 37605867 DOI: 10.1111/all.15850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Chronic urticaria (CU) is a mast cell (MC)-dependent disease with limited therapeutic options. Current management strategies are directed at inhibiting IgE-mediated activation of MCs and antagonizing effects of released mediators. Due to the complexity and heterogeneity of CU and other MC diseases and mechanisms of MC activation-including multiple activating receptors and ligands, diverse signaling pathways, and a menagerie of mediators-strategies of MC depletion or MC silencing (i.e., inhibition of MC activation via binding of inhibitory receptors) have been developed to overcome limitations of singularly targeted agents. MC silencers, such as agonist monoclonal antibodies that engage inhibitory receptors (e.g., sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin8 -[Siglec-8] [lirentelimab/AK002], Siglec-6 [AK006], and CD200R [LY3454738]), have reached preclinical and clinical stages of development. In this review, we (1) describe the role of MCs in the pathogenesis of CU, highlighting similarities with other MC diseases in disease mechanisms and response to treatment; (2) explore current therapeutic strategies, categorized by nonspecific immunosuppression, targeted inhibition of MC activation or mediators, and targeted modulation of MC activity; and (3) introduce the concept of MC silencing as an emerging strategy that could selectively block activation of MCs without eliciting or exacerbating on- or off-target, immunosuppressive adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Metz
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology IA, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pavel Kolkhir
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology IA, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology IA, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | - Frank Siebenhaar
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology IA, Berlin, Germany
| | - Francesca Levi-Schaffer
- Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Unit, Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Martin K Church
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology IA, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin (corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Immunology and Allergology IA, Berlin, Germany
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14
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Shao Y, Wang D, Zhu Y, Xiao Z, Jin T, Peng L, Shen Y, Tang H. Molecular mechanisms of pruritus in prurigo nodularis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1301817. [PMID: 38077377 PMCID: PMC10701428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1301817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pruritus is the most common symptom of dermatological disorders, and prurigo nodularis (PN) is notorious for intractable and severe itching. Conventional treatments often yield disappointing outcomes, significantly affecting patients' quality of life and psychological well-being. The pathogenesis of PN is associated with a self-sustained "itch-scratch" vicious cycle. Recent investigations of PN-related itch have partially revealed the intricate interactions within the cutaneous neuroimmune network; however, the underlying mechanism remains undetermined. Itch mediators play a key role in pruritus amplification in PN and understanding their action mechanism will undoubtedly lead to the development of novel targeted antipruritic agents. In this review, we describe a series of pruritogens and receptors involved in mediating itching in PN, including cytokines, neuropeptides, extracellular matrix proteins, vasculogenic substances, ion channels, and intracellular signaling pathways. Moreover, we provide a prospective outlook on potential therapies based on existing findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hui Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Jia H, Wan H, Zhang D. Innate lymphoid cells: a new key player in atopic dermatitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1277120. [PMID: 37908364 PMCID: PMC10613734 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1277120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common allergic inflammatory skin condition mainly caused by gene variants, immune disorders, and environmental risk factors. The T helper (Th) 2 immune response mediated by interleukin (IL)-4/13 is generally believed to be central in the pathogenesis of AD. It has been shown that innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play a major effector cell role in the immune response in tissue homeostasis and inflammation and fascinating details about the interaction between innate and adaptive immunity. Changes in ILCs may contribute to the onset and progression of AD, and ILC2s especially have gained much attention. However, the role of ILCs in AD still needs to be further elucidated. This review summarizes the role of ILCs in skin homeostasis and highlights the signaling pathways in which ILCs may be involved in AD, thus providing valuable insights into the behavior of ILCs in skin homeostasis and inflammation, as well as new approaches to treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Jia
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Huiying Wan
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingding Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Disease, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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16
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Ergun EZ, Aoki R, Horváth ON, Hartmann D, Satoh TK, Calabrese L, Aksu AEK, Gürel MS, Manav V, Flaig MJ, Sárdy M, Ruzicka T, French LE, Bağcı IS. Divergent in situ expression of IL-31 and IL-31RA between bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1412-1419. [PMID: 37260420 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV) are two major autoimmune blistering skin diseases. Unlike PV, BP is accompanied by intense pruritus, suggesting possible involvement of the pruritogenic cytokine IL-31. However, the underlying mechanisms of the clinical difference between BP and PV in terms of pruritus are not fully understood. To compare the expression levels of IL-31 and its receptor IL-31RA in the lesional skin, including peripheral nerves in BP and PV patients, immunohistochemical staining for IL-31 and IL-31RA was performed in skin samples of BP and PV patients and healthy controls (HC). The IL-31RA-expressing area in epidermis and peripheral nerves was analysed using ImageJ and the percentage of positive cells for IL-31/IL-31RA in dermal infiltrating cells was manually quantified. Quantitative analyses revealed that IL-31/IL-31RA expressions in the epidermis and dermal infiltrate were significantly increased in BP compared to PV and HC. The difference between BP and PV became more obvious when advanced bullous lesions were compared. Peripheral nerves in BP lesions presented significantly higher IL-31RA expression compared to PV lesions. In conclusion, we found significantly augmented expressions of IL-31/IL-31RA in BP lesions, including peripheral nerves, in comparison to PV. These results suggest a possible contribution of IL-31/IL-31RA signalling to the difference between BP and PV in the facilitation of pruritus and local skin inflammation, raising the possibility of therapeutic targeting of the IL-31/IL-31RA pathway in BP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Zeliha Ergun
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Haydarpaşa Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Rui Aoki
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Orsolya N Horváth
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Daniela Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Takashi K Satoh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Calabrese
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Institute of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Ayşe Esra Koku Aksu
- Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Salih Gürel
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Göztepe Prof. Dr Süleyman Yalçın City Hospital, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Vildan Manav
- Department of Dermatology, Istanbul Training and Research Hospital, Health Science University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Michael J Flaig
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Miklós Sárdy
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Dermatooncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Thomas Ruzicka
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Lars E French
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital of Munich, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU), Munich, Germany
- Dr. Phillip Frost, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Işın Sinem Bağcı
- Department of Dermatology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, California, USA
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17
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Wiebe D, Limberg MM, Gray N, Raap U. Basophils in pruritic skin diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1213138. [PMID: 37465674 PMCID: PMC10350488 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1213138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Basophils are rare cells in the peripheral blood which have the capability to infiltrate into the skin. Invasion of basophils has been detected in pruritic skin diseases, including atopic dermatitis, bullous pemphigoid, chronic spontaneous urticaria and contact dermatitis. In the skin, basophils are important players of the inflammatory immune response, as they release Th2 cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13, subsequently inducing the early activation of T-cells. Further, basophils release a multitude of mediators, such as histamine and IL-31, which both play an important role in the initiation of the pruritic response via activation of sensory nerves. Chronic pruritus significantly affects the quality of life and the working capability of patients, though its mechanisms are not fully elucidated yet. Since basophils and neurons share many receptors and channels, bidirectional interaction mechanisms, which drive the sensation of itch, are highlighted in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Wiebe
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Maren M. Limberg
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Gray
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Division of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Raap
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- University Clinic of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
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18
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Limberg MM, Weihrauch T, Gray N, Ernst N, Hartmann K, Raap U. Eosinophils, Basophils, and Neutrophils in Bullous Pemphigoid. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1019. [PMID: 37509055 PMCID: PMC10377006 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an autoimmune blistering skin disease, of which the incidence has increased in recent years. BP is characterized by circulating IgG and IgE autoantibodies against the hemidesmosomal proteins BP180 and BP230. Although autoantibodies trigger inflammatory cascades that lead to blister formation, effector cells and cell-mediated autoimmunity must also be considered as important factors in the pathogenesis of BP. The aim of this review is to outline the current knowledge on the role of eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils in BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren M Limberg
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Weihrauch
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Gray
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Division of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Nancy Ernst
- Department of Dermatology, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Division of Allergy, Departments of Dermatology and Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Raap
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- University Clinic of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Oldenburg, 26133 Oldenburg, Germany
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19
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Yanase Y, Matsubara D, Takahagi S, Tanaka A, Ozawa K, Hide M. Basophil Characteristics as a Marker of the Pathogenesis of Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria in Relation to the Coagulation and Complement Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10320. [PMID: 37373468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a common skin disorder characterized by daily or almost daily recurring skin edema and flare with itch and pruritus anywhere on the body for more than 6 weeks. Although basophil- and mast cell-released inflammatory mediators, such as histamine, play important roles in the pathogenesis of CSU, the detailed underlying mechanism is not clear. Since several auto-antibodies, IgGs which recognize IgE or the high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) and IgEs against other self-antigens, are detected in CSU patients, they are considered to activate both mast cells in the skin and basophils circulating in the blood. In addition, we and other groups demonstrated that the coagulation and complement system also contribute to the development of urticaria. Here, we summarized the behaviors, markers and targets of basophils in relation to the coagulation-complement system, and for the treatment of CSU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhki Yanase
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Daiki Matsubara
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Takahagi
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Akio Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ozawa
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
- Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima 730-8518, Japan
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20
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Bartko EA, Blom LH, Elberling J, Poulsen LK, Jensen BM. Expression of CCR8 and CCX-CKR on Basophils in Chronic Urticaria Is Amplified by IgE-Mediated Activation. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1537. [PMID: 37371632 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Recruitment to the local tissue and alerted phenotype are the hallmarks of basophils in chronic urticaria (CU). Chemokine receptors such as chemokine (C-C motif) receptor 4 (CCR4) or CCR8 have been studied in skin diseases, e.g., atopic dermatitis, but not in CU. In this study, we aimed to define CU's basophil homing potential and receptor profile and the effect of Omalizumab treatment on these. Unstimulated and activated (anti-IgE, fMLP, C5a, and Substance P) whole blood basophils from 11 Omalizumab-treated CU patients and 10 healthy subjects were investigated with flow cytometry. Unstimulated basophils in CU showed higher expression of the skin-associated (CCR8) and scavenger (CCX-CKR) receptors and lower expression of the lung-associated (CCR3) receptor in contrast to healthy ones. IgE-mediated activation increased the percentage of CCR8 and CCX-CKR in CU compared to healthy group and elevated the expression of the lung-associated chemokine receptor, XCR1, in all groups. A trend of augmented expression of the coagulation cascade (CD87) and fMLP (FPR1) receptors was seen on basophils in CU, while a tendency of reduced expression was seen for itch (IL-31RA) and immunotolerance (CD109) receptors. fMLP and C5a increased the expression of CCR4, CCR8, CCX-CKR, and CD87 and decreased CCR2 and CCR3, though no changes between the groups were found. In conclusion, CU basophils exhibit skin-homing potential amplified by IgE-mediated stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa A Bartko
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital at Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Lars H Blom
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital at Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jesper Elberling
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital at Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Lars K Poulsen
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital at Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Bettina M Jensen
- Allergy Clinic, Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Copenhagen University Hospital at Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark
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21
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Saini SS. Urticaria and basophils. Allergol Int 2023:S1323-8930(23)00045-X. [PMID: 37221123 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a common skin disease without an etiology in the vast majority of cases. The similarity of symptoms and pathology to allergen-induced skin reactions supports that skin mast cell IgE receptor activation is also involved in CSU. Accumulating evidence also supports a role for blood basophils in disease expression. Blood basopenia is noted in active CSU disease with the recruitment of blood basophils to skin lesion sites. Blood basophils further display altered IgE receptor mediated degranulation patterns in two phenotypes that improve in remission. In active CSU subjects, changes in IgE receptor signaling molecule expression levels accompany the altered degranulation function in blood basophils. The success of therapies targeting IgE in CSU patients have also shown that altered blood basophil phenotypes and enumeration have potential use as a disease biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarbjit S Saini
- Division of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 5501 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Room 2B 71B, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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22
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Elieh-Ali-Komi D, Metz M, Kolkhir P, Kocatürk E, Scheffel J, Frischbutter S, Terhorst-Molawi D, Fox L, Maurer M. Chronic urticaria and the pathogenic role of mast cells. Allergol Int 2023:S1323-8930(23)00047-3. [PMID: 37210251 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The signs and symptoms of chronic urticaria (CU) are caused by the activation and degranulation of skin mast cells (MCs). Recent studies have added to our understanding of how and why skin MCs are involved and different in CU. Also, novel and relevant mechanisms of MC activation in CU have been identified and characterized. Finally, the use of MC-targeted and MC mediator-specific treatments has helped to better define the role of the skin environment, the contribution of specific MC mediators, and the relevance of MC crosstalk with other cells in the pathogenesis of CU. Here, we review these recent findings and their impact on our understanding of CU, with a focus on chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Also, we highlight open questions, issues of controversy, and unmet needs, and we suggest what studies should be performed moving forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Elieh-Ali-Komi
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Metz
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Pavel Kolkhir
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Emek Kocatürk
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jörg Scheffel
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Frischbutter
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dorothea Terhorst-Molawi
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Lena Fox
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Institute of Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Allergology and Immunology, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Berlin, Germany.
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23
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Hachem CE, Marschall P, Hener P, Karnam A, Bonam SR, Meyer P, Flatter E, Birling MC, Bayry J, Li M. IL-3 produced by T cells is crucial for basophil extravasation in hapten-induced allergic contact dermatitis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1151468. [PMID: 37180157 PMCID: PMC10169741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1151468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Basophils have been recognized as a characterized cellular player for Th2 immune responses implicated in allergic diseases, but the mechanisms responsible for basophil recruitment to allergic skin remain not well understood. Using a hapten fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-induced allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) mouse model, we show that basophils in FITC-treated IL-3-knockout mice are defective in crossing the vascular endothelium to enter the inflamed skin. By generating mice in which IL-3 is selectively ablated in T cells, we further demonstrate that IL-3 produced by T cells mediates basophil extravasation. Moreover, basophils sorted from FITC-treated IL-3-knockout mice exhibit a decreased expression of integrins Itgam, Itgb2, Itga2b and Itgb7, which are potentially implicated in extravasation process. Interestingly, we observed that these basophils had a reduced expression of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member A2 (Aldh1a2), an enzyme responsible for the production of retinoic acid (RA), and administration of all-trans RA restored partially the extravasation of basophils in IL-3-knockout mice. Finally, we validate that IL-3 induces the expression of ALDH1A2 in primary human basophils, and provide further evidence that IL-3 stimulation induces the expression of integrins particularly ITGB7 in an RA-dependent manner. Together, our data propose a model that IL-3 produced by T cells activates ALDH1A2 expression by basophils, leading to the production of RA, which subsequently induces the expression of integrins crucially implicated in basophil extravasation to inflamed ACD skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole El Hachem
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Pierre Marschall
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Pierre Hener
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Anupama Karnam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Meyer
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Eric Flatter
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | | | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Palakkad, Palakkad, India
| | - Mei Li
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR7104, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1258, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
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24
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IL-31-generating network in atopic dermatitis comprising macrophages, basophils, thymic stromal lymphopoietin, and periostin. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 151:737-746.e6. [PMID: 36410530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND IL-31 is a type 2 cytokine involved in the itch sensation in atopic dermatitis (AD). The cellular origins of IL-31 are generally considered to be TH2 cells. Macrophages have also been implicated as cellular sources of IL-31. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine the expression of IL-31 by macrophages and to elucidate the productive mechanisms and contributions to itch in AD skin lesions. METHODS Expression of IL-31 by macrophages, expressions of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and periostin, and presence of infiltrating basophils in human AD lesions were examined through immunofluorescent staining, and correlations were assessed. Furthermore, mechanisms of inducing IL-31-expressing macrophages were analyzed in an MC903-induced murine model for AD in vivo and in mouse peritoneal macrophages ex vivo. RESULTS A significant population of IL-31+ cells in human AD lesions was that of CD68+ cells expressing CD163, an M2 macrophage marker. The number of IL-31+/CD68+ cells correlated with epidermal TSLP, dermal periostin, and the number of dermal-infiltrating basophils. In the MC903-induced murine AD model, significant scratching behaviors with enhanced expressions of TSLP and periostin were observed, accompanied by massive infiltration of basophils and IL-31+/MOMA-2+/Arg-1+ cells. Blockade of IL-31 signaling with anti-IL-31RA antibody or direct depletion of macrophages by clodronate resulted in attenuation of scratching behaviors. To effectively reduce lesional IL-31+ macrophages and itch, basophil depletion was essential in combination with TSLP- and periostin-signal blocking. Murine peritoneal macrophages produced IL-31 when stimulated with TSLP, periostin, and basophils. CONCLUSIONS A network comprising IL-31-expressing macrophages, TSLP, periostin, and basophils plays a significant role in AD itch.
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25
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Yang SY, Lin ZX, Xian YF, Zhang HM, Xu HX. Traditional uses, chemical compounds, pharmacological activities and clinical studies on the traditional Chinese prescription Yi-Gan San. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 302:115859. [PMID: 36280017 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE A widely used traditional prescription, Yi-Gan San (YGS) is a remedy for neurodegenerative disorders. The formulation consists of seven Chinese medicinal materials in specific proportions, namely Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis (Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil.), Bupleuri Radix (Bupleurum chinense DC.), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Ligusticum wallichii Franch.), Poria (Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz.) and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.). Using YGS has been shown to alleviate various behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD). AIM OF THIS REVIEW The goal of this review is to give up-to-date information about the traditional uses, chemistry, pharmacology and clinical efficacy of YGS based on the scientific literature and to learn the current focus and provide references in the next step. MATERIALS AND METHODS The database search room was accessed using the search terms "Yi-Gan San" and "Yokukansan" to obtain results from resources such as Web of Science, PubMed, Google Scholar and Sci Finder Scholar. We not only consulted the literature of fellow authors for this review but also explored classical medical books. RESULTS YGS has been used to cure neurosis, sleeplessness, night weeping and restlessness in infants. Its chemical components primarily consist of triterpenes, flavonoids, phenolics, lactones, alkaloids and other types of compounds. These active ingredients displayed diverse pharmacological activities to ameliorate BPSD by regulating serotonergic, glutamatergic, cholinergic, dopaminergic, adrenergic, and GABAergic neurotransmission. In addition, YGS showed neuroprotective, antistress, and anti-inflammatory effects. The majority of cases of neurodegenerative disorders are treated with YGS, including Alzheimer's disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. CONCLUSIONS Based on previous studies, YGS has been used as a traditional prescription in East Asia, such as Japan, Korea and China, and it has diverse chemical compounds and multiple pharmacological activities. Nevertheless, few experimental studies have focused on chemical and quantitative YGS studies, suggesting that further comprehensive research on its chemicals and quality assessments is critical for future evaluations of drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yu Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China; Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhi-Xiu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China; Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yan-Fang Xian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Hong-Xi Xu
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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26
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Möbs C, Salheiser M, Bleise F, Witt M, Mayer JU. Basophils control T cell priming through soluble mediators rather than antigen presentation. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1032379. [PMID: 36846020 PMCID: PMC9950813 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1032379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Basophils play an important role in the development of type 2 immunity and have been linked to protective immunity against parasites but also inflammatory responses in allergic diseases. While typically classified as degranulating effector cells, different modes of cellular activation have been identified, which together with the observation that different populations of basophils exist in the context of disease suggest a multifunctional role. In this review we aim to highlight the role of basophils play in antigen presentation of type 2 immunity and focus on the contribution basophils play in the context of antigen presentation and T cell priming. We will discuss evidence suggesting that basophils perform a direct role in antigen presentation and relate it to findings that indicate cellular cooperation with professional antigen-presenting cells, such as dendritic cells. We will also highlight tissue-specific differences in basophil phenotypes that might lead to distinct roles in cellular cooperation and how these distinct interactions might influence immunological and clinical outcomes of disease. This review thus aims to consolidate the seemingly conflicting literature on the involvement of basophils in antigen presentation and tries to find a resolution to the discussion whether basophils influence antigen presentation through direct or indirect mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Johannes U. Mayer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
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27
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Liu W, Xu R, Wang F. Recent Advances of Basophils in Pruritic Skin Diseases. J Invest Dermatol 2023; 143:691-698. [PMID: 36608999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Basophils are a rare type of granulocyte in peripheral blood. Owing to their accessibility in circulation and similarities to mast cells, basophils were considered a tool to gain insight into the function of mast cells. However, recent studies have uncovered that basophils have unique biology, specifically in activation, recruitment, and potential biomarkers. Accordingly, some previously unrecognized functions, particularly in neuroimmunology, have been found, suggesting a role of basophils in inflammatory and pruritic disorders. In this review, we aim to present an overview of basophil biology to show how basophils contribute to certain pruritic skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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28
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Zuberbier T, Altrichter S, Bauer S, Brehler R, Brockow K, Dressler C, Fluhr J, Gaskins M, Hamelmann E, Kühne K, Merk H, Mülleneisen NK, Nast A, Olze H, Ott H, Pleimes M, Ruëff F, Staubach-Renz P, Wedi B, Maurer M. S3 Guideline Urticaria. Part 1: Classification and diagnosis of urticaria - German-language adaptation of the international S3 Guideline. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023; 21:81-93. [PMID: 36721941 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The lifetime prevalence of urticaria, a severe allergic disease, is almost 20%. It not only limits the quality of life of those affected, but also their general performance at work and in their daily activities. This publication is the first section of the Urticaria Guideline. It covers the classification and diagnosis of urticaria, taking into account the major advances in research into its causes, triggering factors and pathomechanisms. It also addresses strategies for the efficient diagnosis of the different subtypes of urticaria. This is crucial for individual, patient-oriented treatment, which is covered in the second part of the guideline, published separately. This German-language guideline was developed according to the criteria of the AWMF on the basis of the international English-language S3 guideline with special consideration of health system characteristics in the German-speaking countries. This first part of the guideline describes the classification of urticaria, distinguishing spontaneously occurring wheals (hives) and angioedema from forms of urticaria with inducible symptoms. Urticaria is defined as sudden onset of wheals, angioedema, or both, but is to be distinguished from conditions in which wheals occur as a short-term symptom, such as anaphylaxis. The diagnosis is based on (a limited number of) laboratory tests, but especially on medical history. In addition, validated instruments are available to measure the severity, activity and course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Zuberbier
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Allergology, Berlin, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- University Hospital for Dermatology und Venereology, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Kepler University Hospital, Linz, Austria
| | | | - Randolf Brehler
- Center for Skin Diseases, University Hospital Münster, Department of Dermatology, Münster, Germany
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department und Clinic for Dermatology und Allergology am Biederstein, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Corinna Dressler
- Division of Evidence-Based Medicine, Department for Dermatology, Venereology und Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Fluhr
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Allergology, Berlin, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthew Gaskins
- Division of Evidence-Based Medicine, Department for Dermatology, Venereology und Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckard Hamelmann
- Department for Pediatric and Adolescent Medinine, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, University Hospital OWL, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Hans Merk
- Department for Dermatology und Allergology, University Hospital RTWH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Nast
- Division of Evidence-Based Medicine, Department for Dermatology, Venereology und Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heidi Olze
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hagen Ott
- Hospital for Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Auf der Bult, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marc Pleimes
- Practice for Pediatric and Adolescent Dermatology, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Franziska Ruëff
- Department and Clinic for Dermatology und Allergology, LMU Hospital at the University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Petra Staubach-Renz
- Department and Clinic for Skin Diseases, University Hospital at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bettina Wedi
- Hannover Medical School Dept. of Dermatology and Allergology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Allergology, Berlin, Germany.,Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology and Immunology, Berlin, Germany
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29
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Zuberbier T, Altrichter S, Bauer S, Brehler R, Brockow K, Dressler C, Fluhr J, Gaskins M, Hamelmann E, Kühne K, Merk H, Mülleneisen NK, Nast A, Olze H, Ott H, Pleimes M, Ruëff F, Staubach-Renz P, Wedi B, Maurer M. S3-Leitlinie Urtikaria. Teil 1: Klassifikation und Diagnostik der Urtikaria - deutschsprachige Adaptation der internationalen S3-Leitlinie. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2023; 21:81-95. [PMID: 36721942 DOI: 10.1111/ddg.14906_g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Zuberbier
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Allergieforschung, Berlin, Deutschland.,Fraunhofer Institut für Translationale Medizin und Pharmakologie ITMP, Allergologie und Immunologie, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Sabine Altrichter
- Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie und Venerologie, Comprehensive Allergy Center, Kepler Universitätsklinikum, Linz, Österreich
| | | | - Randolf Brehler
- Klinik für Hautkrankheiten, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Abteilung Dermatologie, Münster, Deutschland
| | - Knut Brockow
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie am Biederstein, Technische Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Corinna Dressler
- Division of Evidence-Based Medicine, Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Joachim Fluhr
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Allergieforschung, Berlin, Deutschland.,Fraunhofer Institut für Translationale Medizin und Pharmakologie ITMP, Allergologie und Immunologie, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Matthew Gaskins
- Division of Evidence-Based Medicine, Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Eckard Hamelmann
- Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Evangelisches Klinikum Bethel, Universitätsklinikum OWL, Universität Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Deutschland
| | | | - Hans Merk
- Klinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, Universitätsklinik RTWH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland
| | | | - Alexander Nast
- Division of Evidence-Based Medicine, Klinik für Dermatologie, Venerologie und Allergologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Heidi Olze
- Klinik für Hals-, Nasen-, Ohrenheilkunde, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Hagen Ott
- Kinder- und Jugendkrankenhaus Auf der Bult, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - Marc Pleimes
- Praxis für Kinder- und Jugenddermatologie, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Franziska Ruëff
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie, LMU Klinikum der Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Petra Staubach-Renz
- Hautklinik und Poliklinik, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Bettina Wedi
- de Hannover Medical School Dept. of Dermatology and Allergology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Institut für Allergieforschung, Berlin, Deutschland.,Fraunhofer Institut für Translationale Medizin und Pharmakologie ITMP, Allergologie und Immunologie, Berlin, Deutschland
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30
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Zhou G, Ren X, Tang Z, Li W, Chen W, He Y, Wei B, Zhang H, Ma F, Chen X, Zhang G, Shen M, Liu H. Exploring the association and causal effect between white blood cells and psoriasis using large-scale population data. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1043380. [PMID: 36865550 PMCID: PMC9971993 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1043380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. A few studies have shown that psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease in which multiple immune cells play crucial roles. However, the association between circulating immune cells and psoriasis remains elusive. Methods To explore the role of circulating immune cells in psoriasis, 361,322 individuals from the UK Biobank (UKB) and 3,971 patients with psoriasis from China were included to investigate the association between white blood cells and psoriasis via an observational study. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and Mendelian randomization (MR) were used to evaluate the causal relationship between circulating leukocytes and psoriasis. Results The risk of psoriasis increased with high levels of monocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils (relative risks and 95% confidence intervals, respectively: 1.430 (1.291-1.584) for monocytes, 1.527 (1.379-1.692) for neutrophils, and 1.417 (1.294-1.551) for eosinophils). Upon further MR analysis, eosinophils showed a definite causal relationship with psoriasis (odds ratio of inverse-variance weighted: 1.386, 95% confidence intervals: 1.092-1.759) and a positive correlation with the psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) score (P = 6.6 × 10-5). The roles of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) in psoriasis were also assessed. More than 20,000 genetic variations associated with NLR, PLR, and LMR were discovered in a GWAS analysis using the UKB data. Following adjustment for covariates in the observational study, NLR and PLR were shown to be risk factors for psoriasis, whereas LMR was a protective factor. MR results indicated that there was no causal relationship between these three indicators and psoriasis; however, NLR, PLR, and LMR correlated with the PASI score (NLR: rho = 0.244, P = 2.1 × 10-21; PLR: rho = 0.113, P = 1.4 × 10-5; LMR: rho = -0.242, P = 3.5×10-21). Discussion Our findings revealed an important association between circulating leukocytes and psoriasis, which is instructive for the clinical practice of psoriasis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guowei Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangmei Ren
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenwei Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wenqiong Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yi He
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Benliang Wei
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hailun Zhang
- Department of Research and Development, Beijing GAP Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Fangyu Ma
- Department of Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Guanxiong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Minxue Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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31
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Gray N, Limberg MM, Wiebe D, Weihrauch T, Langner A, Brandt N, Bräuer AU, Raap U. Differential Upregulation and Functional Activity of S1PR1 in Human Peripheral Blood Basophils of Atopic Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:16117. [PMID: 36555755 PMCID: PMC9785255 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophils are key effector cells in atopic diseases, and the signaling sphingolipid Sphigosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is emerging as an important mediator in these conditions. The possible interaction of S1P and basophils and the resulting biological effects have not yet been studied. We hypothesize that S1P influences the function of basophils in atopy and aim to elucidate the modes of interaction. S1P receptor (S1PR) expression in human peripheral blood basophils from atopic and non-atopic patients was assessed through qRT-PCR and flow cytometry analysis. Functional effects of S1P were assessed through a basophil activation test (BAT), calcium flux, apoptosis, and chemotaxis assays. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to visualize intracellular S1P. Human basophils express S1PR1, S1PR2, S1PR3, and S1PR4 on the mRNA level. 0.1 µM S1P have anti-apoptotic, while 10 µM exhibits apoptotic effects on basophils. Basophils from atopic patients show less chemotactic activity in response to S1P than those from healthy donors. Protein expression of S1PR1 is downregulated in atopic patients, and basophils in lesional AD skin possess intracellular S1P. These findings suggest that the interaction of S1P and basophils might be an important factor in the pathophysiology of atopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Gray
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Division of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Maren M. Limberg
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Daniela Wiebe
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Weihrauch
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Anna Langner
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Brandt
- Division of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Anja U. Bräuer
- Division of Anatomy, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Raap
- Division of Experimental Allergy and Immunodermatology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- Research Center for Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany
- University Clinic of Dermatology and Allergy, University of Oldenburg, 26133 Oldenburg, Germany
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32
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Poto R, Gambardella AR, Marone G, Schroeder JT, Mattei F, Schiavoni G, Varricchi G. Basophils from allergy to cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1056838. [PMID: 36578500 PMCID: PMC9791102 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1056838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human basophils, first identified over 140 years ago, account for just 0.5-1% of circulating leukocytes. While this scarcity long hampered basophil studies, innovations during the past 30 years, beginning with their isolation and more recently in the development of mouse models, have markedly advanced our understanding of these cells. Although dissimilarities between human and mouse basophils persist, the overall findings highlight the growing importance of these cells in health and disease. Indeed, studies continue to support basophils as key participants in IgE-mediated reactions, where they infiltrate inflammatory lesions, release pro-inflammatory mediators (histamine, leukotriene C4: LTC4) and regulatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-13) central to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. Studies now report basophils infiltrating various human cancers where they play diverse roles, either promoting or hampering tumorigenesis. Likewise, this activity bears remarkable similarity to the mounting evidence that basophils facilitate wound healing. In fact, both activities appear linked to the capacity of basophils to secrete IL-4/IL-13, with these cytokines polarizing macrophages toward the M2 phenotype. Basophils also secrete several angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor: VEGF-A, amphiregulin) consistent with these activities. In this review, we feature these newfound properties with the goal of unraveling the increasing importance of basophils in these diverse pathobiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo Poto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy,World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), Naples, Italy
| | - Adriana Rosa Gambardella
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), Naples, Italy,Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - John T. Schroeder
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Fabrizio Mattei
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Schiavoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Gilda Varricchi, ; Giovanna Schiavoni,
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,World Allergy Organization (WAO), Center of Excellence (CoE), Naples, Italy,Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology “G. Salvatore”, National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy,*Correspondence: Gilda Varricchi, ; Giovanna Schiavoni,
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Papapostolou N, Xepapadaki P, Katoulis A, Makris M. Comorbidities of Chronic Urticaria: A glimpse into a complex relationship. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2022; 3:1008145. [PMID: 36465885 PMCID: PMC9712803 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2022.1008145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Urticaria (CU) is a chronic inflammatory, predominantly mast cell-driven disease, characterized by the development of wheals and/or angioedema for more than 6 weeks. It affects approximately 1%-5% of the total population worldwide and imposes a substantial burden on health-related quality of life, significantly affecting patients' daily life. The economic impact on the health system is also not negligible, with an estimated cost per patient per year of approximately 2.000 $ in the United States. Although the underlying pathophysiology is not fully explored, autoimmune mechanisms have been proposed, including type I ("autoallergy" by means of autoantibodies to self-antigens) and type IIb (autoimmunity). Atopic, autoimmune, and psychiatric disorders are prevalent comorbidities in both children and adults with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU). Although malignancies, cardiovascular diseases and other comorbidities have also been reported as associated diseases in patients with CSU, data remain scarce. It is still unknown whether the aforementioned comorbidities share common pathophysiological mechanisms with specific endotypes of CSU. The current review aims to overview current data on comorbidities of CU, and furthermore to comment on the potential linked pathways underlying these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Papapostolou
- Allergy Unit, 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Xepapadaki
- Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexander Katoulis
- Allergy Unit, 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Makris
- Allergy Unit, 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
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34
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Kishimoto I, Ma N, Takimoto-Ito R, Nakashima C, Otsuka A, Walls AF, Tanizaki H, Kambe N. Decreased peripheral basophil counts in urticaria and mouse model of oxazolone-induced hypersensitivity, the latter suggesting basopenia reflecting migration to skin. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1014924. [PMID: 36248789 PMCID: PMC9557233 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1014924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A decrease in the number of basophils in the peripheral blood, or basopenia, has been noted, reflecting the activity of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Infiltration of basophils into the skin has also been reported, but the mechanism of basopenia in CSU has not been clarified. The phenomenon of basopenia during the active phase of urticaria was confirmed, and basophil numbers increased following symptom improvement in 15 out of 17 patients treated with omalizumab and in 13 of 15 patients treated with antihistamines. Our examination by immunostaining also revealed basophil infiltration of the CSU lesions, as in previous reports, but since most of our patients were already taking oral steroids, it was not considered appropriate to examine the relationship between basophil numbers in tissue and peripheral blood. Then, we used mouse model of contact hypersensitivity with a single application of oxazolone, which is known to stimulate basophil infiltration, and investigated basophil counts in the skin, peripheral blood, and bone marrow. In this model, a decrease in peripheral blood basophil numbers was observed one day after challenge, but not after 2 days, reflecting supplementation from the bone marrow. Indeed, when cultured basophils expressing GFP were transplanted into the peripheral blood, GFP-positive basophil numbers in the peripheral blood remained low even after 2 days of challenge. Despite differences among species and models, these results suggest that one reason for the decrease of basophils in the peripheral blood in CSU may involve migration of circulating basophils into the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izumi Kishimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Ni Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Riko Takimoto-Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chisa Nakashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kindai University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sayama, Japan
| | - Atsushi Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Kindai University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sayama, Japan
| | - Andrew F. Walls
- Immunopharmacology Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Hideaki Tanizaki
- Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Naotomo Kambe
- Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Naotomo Kambe,
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35
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Matsubara D, Yanase Y, Ishii K, Takahagi S, Tanaka A, Ozawa K, Hide M. Basophils activation of patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria in response to C5a despite failure to respond to IgE-mediated stimuli. Front Immunol 2022; 13:994823. [PMID: 36248902 PMCID: PMC9559203 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.994823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Urticaria is characterized by the occurrence of wheals and flares in response to vasoactive mediators, such as histamine. Various studies have suggested the involvement of basophils in the pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). However, histamine release from peripheral basophils in response to stimuli acting on the high affinity IgE receptor (FcϵRI) is impaired in many patients with CSU (non/low responders). We previously demonstrated that tissue factor (TF)s expressed on vascular endothelial cells in response to a combination of various stimuli, such as that of histamine and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), activates the extrinsic coagulation pathway and produces anaphylatoxin, complement 5a (C5a), which then activates basophils and mast cells via the C5a receptor (C5aR). We have revealed that histamine release was induced in response to C5a and formyl-l-methionyl-l-leucyl-l-phenylalanine (fMLP), regardless of the response to anti-IgE antibody, the reduced numbers of basophils and severity of urticaria. Moreover, we found that spontaneous release of histamine ex vivo from basophils of patients with CSU is higher than that from healthy individuals. These results suggest that basophils and the complement system, which could be activated by coagulation factors, may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of CSU, especially in cases refractory to treatment involving the IgE/FcϵRI pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Matsubara
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuhki Yanase
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- *Correspondence: Michihiro Hide, ; Yuhki Yanase,
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Takahagi
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akio Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Koichiro Ozawa
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Dermatology, Hiroshima City Hiroshima Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
- *Correspondence: Michihiro Hide, ; Yuhki Yanase,
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36
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Poto R, Quinti I, Marone G, Taglialatela M, de Paulis A, Casolaro V, Varricchi G. IgG Autoantibodies Against IgE from Atopic Dermatitis Can Induce the Release of Cytokines and Proinflammatory Mediators from Basophils and Mast Cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:880412. [PMID: 35711458 PMCID: PMC9192953 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.880412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
IgE-mediated release of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines from basophils and mast cells is a central event in allergic disorders. Several groups of investigators have demonstrated the presence of autoantibodies against IgE and/or FcεRI in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. By contrast, the prevalence and functional activity of anti-IgE autoantibodies in atopic dermatitis (AD) are largely unknown. We evaluated the ability of IgG anti-IgE from patients with AD to induce the in vitro IgE-dependent activation of human basophils and skin and lung mast cells. Different preparations of IgG anti-IgE purified from patients with AD and rabbit IgG anti-IgE were compared for their triggering effects on the in vitro release of histamine and type 2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-13) from basophils and of histamine and lipid mediators (prostaglandin D2 and cysteinyl leukotriene C4) from human skin and lung mast cells. One preparation of human IgG anti-IgE out of six patients with AD induced histamine release from basophils, skin and lung mast cells. This preparation of human IgG anti-IgE induced the secretion of cytokines and eicosanoids from basophils and mast cells, respectively. Human monoclonal IgE was a competitive antagonist of both human and rabbit IgG anti-IgE. Human anti-IgE was more potent than rabbit anti-IgE for IL-4 and IL-13 production by basophils and histamine, prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene C4 release from mast cells. Functional anti-IgE autoantibodies rarely occur in patients with AD. When present, they induce the release of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines from basophils and mast cells, thereby possibly contributing to sustained IgE-dependent inflammation in at least a subset of patients with this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remo Poto
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy
| | - Isabella Quinti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianni Marone
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | | | - Amato de Paulis
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Casolaro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', University of Salerno, Baronissi, Italy
| | - Gilda Varricchi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,World Allergy Organization (WAO) Center of Excellence, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
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37
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Takimoto-Ito R, Ma N, Kishimoto I, Kabashima K, Kambe N. The Potential Role of Basophils in Urticaria. Front Immunol 2022; 13:883692. [PMID: 35663949 PMCID: PMC9157385 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.883692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Urticaria is a symptom of acute skin allergies that is not clearly understood, but mast cell histamine is hypothesized to cause swelling and itching. Omalizumab, an anti-human IgE antibody that traps IgE and prevents its binding to high-affinity IgE receptors, is effective in treating urticaria. We recently experienced a case of urticaria refractory to antihistamine therapy in which the peripheral-blood basophil count responded to omalizumab therapy and its withdrawal. Furthermore, the peripheral-blood basophils showed an unexpected increase in the expression of a cell surface activation marker. This phenomenon has been reported by other analyses of basophil and mast cell dynamics during omalizumab treatment. Here, we analyze these observations and formulate a hypothesis for the role of basophils in urticaria. Specifically, that activated basophils migrate to the local skin area, lowering peripheral-blood counts, omalizumab therapy alters basophilic activity and causes their stay in the peripheral blood. We hope that our analysis will focus urticaria research on basophils and reveal new aspects of its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riko Takimoto-Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ni Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Izumi Kishimoto
- Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
| | - Kenji Kabashima
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Naotomo Kambe
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Dermatology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Japan
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Miyake K, Ito J, Karasuyama H. Role of Basophils in a Broad Spectrum of Disorders. Front Immunol 2022; 13:902494. [PMID: 35693800 PMCID: PMC9186123 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.902494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Basophils are the rarest granulocytes and have long been overlooked in immunological research due to their rarity and similarities with tissue-resident mast cells. In the last two decades, non-redundant functions of basophils have been clarified or implicated in a broad spectrum of immune responses, particularly by virtue of the development of novel analytical tools for basophils. Basophils infiltrate inflamed tissues of patients with various disorders, even though they circulate in the bloodstream under homeostatic conditions. Depletion of basophils results in the amelioration or exaggeration of inflammation, depending on models of disease, indicating basophils can play either beneficial or deleterious roles in a context-dependent manner. In this review, we summarize the recent findings of basophil pathophysiology under various conditions in mice and humans, including allergy, autoimmunity, tumors, tissue repair, fibrosis, and COVID-19. Further mechanistic studies on basophil biology could lead to the identification of novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets in a broad range of diseases.
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Dobrican CT, Muntean I, Pintea I, Petricău C, Deleanu DM, Filip G. Immunological signature of chronic spontaneous urticaria (Review). Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:381. [PMID: 35495604 PMCID: PMC9019689 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic urticaria (CU) is a condition characterized by intensely pruritic, edematous, erythematous papules lasting for more than 6 weeks. Over half of the cases have concomitant swelling of deeper tissues, known as angioedema. The socio-economic burden of the disease is significant. Unfortunately, patients with severe CU, refractory to conventional treatment, have limited and expensive therapeutic options. The pathogenesis of CU is not yet completely understood. Therefore, elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms involved would potentially identify new therapeutic targets. It has been accepted in recent years that mast cells and their activation, followed by excessive degranulation represent the key pathophysiological events in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). The triggering events and the complexity of the effector mechanisms, however, remain intensely debated topics with conflicting studies. One pathogenetic mechanism incriminated in chronic spontaneous urticaria is the response mediated by the high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcεRI) expressed on mast cells. Increasing recognition of chronic spontaneous urticaria as an autoimmune disease linked to the cytokine-chemokine network imbalance resulting from alteration of innate immune response is another pathogenetic explanation. It is likely that these different pathological mechanisms are more interconnected, both acting synergistically, rather than separately, to produce the clinical expression of CU. The discovery and understanding of pathogenic mechanisms represent the premise for the development of safe and effective immunomodulators and targeted biological treatment for severe, refractory CU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen-Teodora Dobrican
- Discipline of Allergology and Immunology, Department of Functional Sciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Muntean
- Discipline of Allergology and Immunology, Department of Functional Sciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Irena Pintea
- Discipline of Allergology and Immunology, Department of Functional Sciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Carina Petricău
- Discipline of Allergology and Immunology, Department of Functional Sciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana-Mihaela Deleanu
- Discipline of Allergology and Immunology, Department of Functional Sciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Gabriela Filip
- Discipline of Physiology, Department of Functional Sciences, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
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Nsiah‐Dosu S, Scholz C, Orinska Z, Sadik CD, Ludwig RJ, Schmidt E, Zillikens D, Hartmann K. Mast cell‐deficient mice
Mcpt5Cre/Dicer
fl/fl
redefine the role of mast cells in experimental bullous pemphigoid. SKIN HEALTH AND DISEASE 2022; 2:e70. [PMID: 35665207 PMCID: PMC9060025 DOI: 10.1002/ski2.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is the most frequent autoimmune blistering disease of the skin affecting the elderly. BP is immunopathologically characterized by autoantibodies against BP180 and BP230. With the growing evidence of cell‐mediated autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of BP, it still remains unclear whether mast cells (MCs) are involved, due to conflicting data obtained from Kit‐dependent MC‐deficient mouse models. Objectives To clarify the role of MCs in experimental BP; the dynamics in cutaneous MC numbers, associated immune cells and the development of disease in Kit‐independent MC‐deficient mouse model. Methods Employing a recently established murine adult passive transfer model of BP induced by the transfer of pathogenic immunoglobulin G (IgG), lesional skin biopsies were investigated histologically and immunohistochemically for the time‐dependent MC accumulation and dermal infiltration. Results The numbers of cutaneous MCs increased following the induction of BP, in part, maintained by MC proliferation. Numbers of T cells, neutrophils and eosinophils in the skin also increased after BP induction, with eosinophils showing a preferential co‐localization with MCs. Furthermore, clinical disease manifestation in MC‐deficient Mcpt5Cre/Dicerfl/fl mice remained unchanged compared to MC‐sufficient Dicerfl/fl mice. The composition of the immune cell infiltration including as T cells, neutrophils and eosinophils was largely unaffected by the absence of MCs. Conclusion MCs do not play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of passive IgG‐transfer mediated BP model. Their increase in number may be a bystander effect following tissue injury. We therefore suggest caution regarding the selection of MCs as sole targets for the development of novel drugs for BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Nsiah‐Dosu
- Department of Dermatology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany
| | - C. Scholz
- Department of Dermatology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany
| | - Z. Orinska
- Division of Experimental Pneumology Research Center Borstel Leibniz Lung Center Borstel Germany
- Division of Experimental Pneumology, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lungenzentrum Airway Research Center North (ARCN) German Center for Lung Research (DZL) Borstel Germany
| | - C. D. Sadik
- Department of Dermatology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany
| | - R. J. Ludwig
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED) University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany
| | - E. Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany
- Luebeck Institute of Experimental Dermatology (LIED) University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany
| | - D. Zillikens
- Department of Dermatology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany
| | - K. Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology University of Luebeck Luebeck Germany
- Division of Allergy Department of Dermatology University of Basel Basel Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine University of Basel Basel Switzerland
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Zuberbier T, Abdul Latiff AH, Abuzakouk M, Aquilina S, Asero R, Baker D, Ballmer‐Weber B, Bangert C, Ben‐Shoshan M, Bernstein JA, Bindslev‐Jensen C, Brockow K, Brzoza Z, Chong Neto HJ, Church MK, Criado PR, Danilycheva IV, Dressler C, Ensina LF, Fonacier L, Gaskins M, Gáspár K, Gelincik A, Giménez‐Arnau A, Godse K, Gonçalo M, Grattan C, Grosber M, Hamelmann E, Hébert J, Hide M, Kaplan A, Kapp A, Kessel A, Kocatürk E, Kulthanan K, Larenas‐Linnemann D, Lauerma A, Leslie TA, Magerl M, Makris M, Meshkova RY, Metz M, Micallef D, Mortz CG, Nast A, Oude‐Elberink H, Pawankar R, Pigatto PD, Ratti Sisa H, Rojo Gutiérrez MI, Saini SS, Schmid‐Grendelmeier P, Sekerel BE, Siebenhaar F, Siiskonen H, Soria A, Staubach‐Renz P, Stingeni L, Sussman G, Szegedi A, Thomsen SF, Vadasz Z, Vestergaard C, Wedi B, Zhao Z, Maurer M. The international EAACI/GA²LEN/EuroGuiDerm/APAAACI guideline for the definition, classification, diagnosis, and management of urticaria. Allergy 2022; 77:734-766. [PMID: 34536239 DOI: 10.1111/all.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 413] [Impact Index Per Article: 206.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This update and revision of the international guideline for urticaria was developed following the methods recommended by Cochrane and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) working group. It is a joint initiative of the Dermatology Section of the European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (EAACI), the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA²LEN) and its Urticaria and Angioedema Centers of Reference and Excellence (UCAREs and ACAREs), the European Dermatology Forum (EDF; EuroGuiDerm), and the Asia Pacific Association of Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology with the participation of 64 delegates of 50 national and international societies and from 31 countries. The consensus conference was held on 3 December 2020. This guideline was acknowledged and accepted by the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS). Urticaria is a frequent, mast cell-driven disease that presents with wheals, angioedema, or both. The lifetime prevalence for acute urticaria is approximately 20%. Chronic spontaneous or inducible urticaria is disabling, impairs quality of life, and affects performance at work and school. This updated version of the international guideline for urticaria covers the definition and classification of urticaria and outlines expert-guided and evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the different subtypes of urticaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Zuberbier
- Comprehensive Allergy Centre Charité Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | | | - Mohamed Abuzakouk
- Department of Allergy and Immunology Respiratory InstituteCleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Susan Aquilina
- Department of Dermatology Mater Dei Hospital Msida Malta
| | - Riccardo Asero
- Ambulatorio di Allergologia Clinica San Carlo Paderno Dugnano (MI) Italy
| | - Diane Baker
- Baker Allergy Asthma and Dermatology Portland Oregon USA
| | - Barbara Ballmer‐Weber
- Clinic for Dermatology and Allergology Kantonsspital St. Gallen St. Gallen Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology University Hospital Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Christine Bangert
- Department of Dermatology Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Moshe Ben‐Shoshan
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Dermatology Department of Pediatrics Montreal Children’s Hospital McGill University Montreal Quebec Canada
| | | | - Carsten Bindslev‐Jensen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein Faculty of Medicine Technical University Munich Munich Germany
| | - Zenon Brzoza
- Department of Internal Diseases with Division of Allergology University of Opole Opole Poland
| | - Herberto Jose Chong Neto
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Pediatrics Federal University of Paraná Curitiba Brazil
| | - Martin K. Church
- Comprehensive Allergy Centre Charité Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
- University of Southampton Southampton UK
| | - Paulo R. Criado
- Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia (SBD) Centro Universitário FMABCAlergoskin (UCARE) Santo André Brazil
| | - Inna V. Danilycheva
- Department of Allergology and Immunotherapy National Research Center‐Institute of Immunology Federal Medical‐Biological Agency of Russia Moscow Russia
| | - Corinna Dressler
- Division of Evidence‐Based Medicine Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Luis Felipe Ensina
- Division of Allergy Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Pediatrics Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | - Luz Fonacier
- New York University Long Island School of Medicine New York New York USA
| | - Matthew Gaskins
- Division of Evidence‐Based Medicine Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | - Krisztian Gáspár
- Division of Dermatological Allergology Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
| | - Aslı Gelincik
- Division of Immunology and Allergic Diseases Department of Internal Medicine Istanbul Faculty of Medicine Istanbul University Istanbul Turkey
| | - Ana Giménez‐Arnau
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital del Mar Institut Mar d’Investigacions Mèdiques Universitat Autònoma y Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona Spain
| | - Kiran Godse
- Department of Dermatology D Y Patil University School of MedicineNavi Mumbai India
| | - Margarida Gonçalo
- Department of Dermatology Coimbra University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine University of Coimbra Coimbra Portugal
| | - Clive Grattan
- Guy’s HospitalSt John’s Institute of Dermatology London UK
| | - Martine Grosber
- Department of Dermatology Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel (UZ Brussel)Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) Brussels Belgium
| | - Eckard Hamelmann
- Department of Pediatrics Children’s Center Bethel University Hospital OWLUniversity Bielefeld Bielefeld Germany
| | - Jacques Hébert
- Service d'allergie Centre Hospitalier Université Laval/Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec Québec Quebec Canada
| | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan
- Department of Dermatology Hiroshima Citizens Hospital Hiroshima Japan
| | - Allen Kaplan
- Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Allergy and Clinical Immunology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston South Carolina USA
| | - Alexander Kapp
- Department of Dermatology & Allergy Hannover Medical School (MHH) Hannover Germany
| | - Aharon Kessel
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Bnai Zion Medical Center and the Bruce and Ruth Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Haifa Israel
| | - Emek Kocatürk
- Department of Dermatology Koç University School of Medicine Istanbul Turkey
| | - Kanokvalai Kulthanan
- Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand
| | | | - Antti Lauerma
- Department of Dermatology, Allergology and Venereology Inflammation Centre University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | | | - Markus Magerl
- Comprehensive Allergy Centre Charité Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology Berlin Germany
| | - Michael Makris
- Allergy Unit 2nd Department of Dermatology and Venereology National and Kapodistrian University of AthensUniversity General Hospital "Attikon" Athens Greece
| | - Raisa Y. Meshkova
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology Smolensk State Medical University Smolensk Russia
| | - Martin Metz
- Comprehensive Allergy Centre Charité Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology Berlin Germany
| | | | - Charlotte G. Mortz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA) Odense University Hospital and University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark
| | - Alexander Nast
- Division of Evidence‐Based Medicine Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | | | - Ruby Pawankar
- Department of Pediatrics Nippon Medical School Tokyo Japan
| | - Paolo D. Pigatto
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences University of Milan Milan Italy
| | - Hector Ratti Sisa
- Primera Cátedra de Clínica Médica Hospital de Clínicas de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas‐Universidad Nacional de Asunción Asunción Paraguay
| | | | | | | | - Bulent E. Sekerel
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Asthma Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Ankara Turkey
| | - Frank Siebenhaar
- Comprehensive Allergy Centre Charité Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology Berlin Germany
| | - Hanna Siiskonen
- Department of Pathology Diagnostic Imaging Centre Kuopio University Hospital Kuopio Finland
| | - Angele Soria
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology Tenon Hospital APHP Sorbonne University and Cimi‐Paris Inserm 1135 Paris France
| | | | - Luca Stingeni
- Dermatology Section Department of Medicine University of Perugia Perugia Italy
| | - Gordon Sussman
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology St. Michael's Hospital and University of Toronto Toronto Canada
| | - Andrea Szegedi
- Division of Dermatological Allergology Department of Dermatology Faculty of Medicine University of Debrecen Debrecen Hungary
| | - Simon Francis Thomsen
- Department of Dermatology Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Zahava Vadasz
- Proteomic and Clinical Flow Cytometry Unit Bnai Zion Medical Center Rappaport Faculty of Medicine Technion Haifa Israel
| | | | - Bettina Wedi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Comprehensive Allergy Center Hannover Medical School Hannover Germany
| | - Zuotao Zhao
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology Peking University First Hospital Beijing China
| | - Marcus Maurer
- Comprehensive Allergy Centre Charité Charité – Universitätsmedizin BerlinCorporate Member of Freie Universität BerlinHumboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Allergology Berlin Germany
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Rodrigues de Souza I, Savio de Araujo-Souza P, Morais Leme D. Genetic variants affecting chemical mediated skin immunotoxicity. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2022; 25:43-95. [PMID: 34979876 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2021.2013372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The skin is an immune-competent organ and this function may be impaired by exposure to chemicals, which may ultimately result in immune-mediated dermal disorders. Interindividual variability to chemical-induced skin immune reactions is associated with intrinsic individual characteristics and their genomes. In the last 30-40 years, several genes influencing susceptibility to skin immune reactions were identified. The aim of this review is to provide information regarding common genetic variations affecting skin immunotoxicity. The polymorphisms selected for this review are related to xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes (CYPA1 and CYPB1 genes), antioxidant defense (GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 genes), aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway (AHR and ARNT genes), skin barrier function transepidermal water loss (FLG, CASP14, and SPINK5 genes), inflammation (TNF, IL10, IL6, IL18, IL31, and TSLP genes), major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and neuroendocrine system peptides (CALCA, TRPV1, ACE genes). These genes present variants associated with skin immune responses and diseases, as well as variants associated with protecting skin immune homeostasis following chemical exposure. The molecular and association studies focusing on these genetic variants may elucidate their functional consequences and contribution in the susceptibility to skin immunotoxicity. Providing information on how genetic variations affect the skin immune system may reduce uncertainties in estimating chemical hazards/risks for human health in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniela Morais Leme
- Graduate Program in Genetics, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
- National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), Institute of Chemistry, Araraquara, Brazil
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Clinical and Translational Significance of Basophils in Patients with Cancer. Cells 2022; 11:cells11030438. [PMID: 35159247 PMCID: PMC8833920 DOI: 10.3390/cells11030438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite comprising a very small proportion of circulating blood leukocytes, basophils are potent immune effector cells. The high-affinity receptor for IgE (FcɛRI) is expressed on the basophil cell surface and powerful inflammatory mediators such as histamine, granzyme B, and cytokines are stored in dense cytoplasmic granules, ready to be secreted in response to a range of immune stimuli. Basophils play key roles in eliciting potent effector functions in allergic diseases and type 1 hypersensitivity. Beyond allergies, basophils can be recruited to tissues in chronic and autoimmune inflammation, and in response to parasitic, bacterial, and viral infections. While their activation states and functions can be influenced by Th2-biased inflammatory signals, which are also known features of several tumor types, basophils have received little attention in cancer. Here, we discuss the presence and functional significance of basophils in the circulation of cancer patients and in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Interrogating publicly available datasets, we conduct gene expression analyses to explore basophil signatures and associations with clinical outcomes in several cancers. Furthermore, we assess how basophils can be harnessed to predict hypersensitivity to cancer treatments and to monitor the desensitization of patients to oncology drugs, using assays such as the basophil activation test (BAT).
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Schick MA, Schlegel N. Clinical Implication of Phosphodiesterase-4-Inhibition. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031209. [PMID: 35163131 PMCID: PMC8835523 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic function of 3′,5′-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent pathways in health and disease led to the development of pharmacological phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE-I) to attenuate cAMP degradation. While there are many isotypes of PDE, a predominant role of PDE4 is to regulate fundamental functions, including endothelial and epithelial barrier stability, modulation of inflammatory responses and cognitive and/or mood functions. This makes the use of PDE4-I an interesting tool for various therapeutic approaches. However, due to the presence of PDE4 in many tissues, there is a significant danger for serious side effects. Based on this, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the approaches and effects of PDE4-I for different therapeutic applications. In summary, despite many obstacles to use of PDE4-I for different therapeutic approaches, the current data warrant future research to utilize the therapeutic potential of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Alexander Schick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Medical Center—University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Nicolas Schlegel
- Department of General, Visceral, Transplant, Vascular and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany;
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Wu T, Tang L, Feng Y, Jia Y, Li F. Eosinophils and associated parameters in different types of skin diseases related to elevated eosinophil levels. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:73. [PMID: 35282056 PMCID: PMC8848371 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Eosinophils, basophils, white blood cells (WBC), and immunoglobulin E (IgE) play major roles in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), bullous pemphigoid (BP), drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), and hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES). This study aimed to describe these parameters in different skin diseases and provide further information concerning the underlying pathogenesis. Methods A cross-sectional study of blood test results, including WBC count, peripheral eosinophil count, peripheral basophil/WBC percentage, and IgE level, from 115 cases of AD, 75 cases of BP, 55 cases of DRESS, 119 cases of HES, and 621 healthy volunteers was performed in China. Data from before and after treatment and the population distribution of different diseases were compared and described. Results All participants showed increased peripheral eosinophil counts, eosinophil/WBC ratios, IgE levels, and decreased peripheral basophil counts, with variance among the different disease groups. Peripheral eosinophil counts in HES patients and IgE level in AD patients increased the most prominently. No significant correlation existed among eosinophils, basophils, and IgE. An obvious decrease in eosinophil count was demonstrated after treatment in all 4 diseases. Conclusions Eosinophils, basophils, and IgE exert functions in diverse skin diseases, presenting altered peripheral blood test results. In some cases, these changes are demonstrated only in the skin and not in the blood. Compared with the other parameters considered in this study, eosinophils seemed to be a better biomarker for treatment effects, regardless of the disease type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luyan Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Feng
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanjing Jia
- Department of Nursing, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital Baoshan, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Gazi U, Taylan-Ozkan A, Mumcuoglu KY. Immune mechanisms in human Sarcoptes scabiei (Acari: Sarcoptidae) infestations. Parasite Immunol 2021; 44:e12900. [PMID: 34923637 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Scabies is a parasitic infestation of human and animal skin caused by different strains of the itch mite, Sarcoptes scabiei. The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared scabies in human as a neglected tropical disease, and today over 200 million people worldwide are affected. The two most commonly reported clinical manifestation of the condition are ordinary (OS) and crusted scabies (CS). CS, which can lead to fatal consequences due to secondary bacterial infections, is mostly observed in immunocompromised subjects but can also, although rarely, be detected in immunocompetent individuals. Innate and adaptive immune system components are involved in protection and pathogenesis of scabies, although with some differences between OS and CS. While the cutaneous immune response is dominated by CD4+ T-cells in OS, it is mainly mediated by CD8+ T-cells in CS. The two clinical conditions also differ in CD4+ T-cell-mediated immune responses with mixed TH 1/TH 2 (protective) and TH 2/TH 17 (non-protective) immunoprofiles in OS and CS, respectively. Moreover, the development of CS is associated with early immunosuppression that is followed by deleterious immune response to uncontrolled mite proliferation. However, the immune response to scabies still needs further attention due to inconsistent results in the literature. The aim of this study is to attract more attention to this area by summarizing the current literature on innate and adaptive immune responses triggered against S. scabiei mites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Gazi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Aysegul Taylan-Ozkan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kosta Y Mumcuoglu
- Parasitology Unit, Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, The Kuvin Center for the Study of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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Nakajima T, Kanno T, Yokoyama S, Sasamoto S, Asou HK, Tumes DJ, Ohara O, Nakayama T, Endo Y. ACC1-expressing pathogenic T helper 2 cell populations facilitate lung and skin inflammation in mice. J Exp Med 2021; 218:e20210639. [PMID: 34813654 PMCID: PMC8614157 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20210639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells possess distinguishing effector functions and drive inflammatory disorders. We have previously identified IL-5-producing Th2 cells as the pathogenic population predominantly involved in the pathology of allergic inflammation. However, the cell-intrinsic signaling pathways that control the pathogenic Th2 cell function are still unclear. We herein report the high expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) in the pathogenic CD4+ T cell population in the lung and skin. The genetic deletion of CD4+ T cell-intrinsic ACC1 dampened eosinophilic and basophilic inflammation in the lung and skin by constraining IL-5 or IL-3 production. Mechanistically, ACC1-dependent fatty acid biosynthesis induces the pathogenic cytokine production of CD4+ T cells via metabolic reprogramming and the availability of acetyl-CoA for epigenetic regulation. We thus identified a distinct phenotype of the pathogenic T cell population in the lung and skin, and ACC1 was shown to be an essential regulator controlling the pathogenic function of these populations to promote type 2 inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Nakajima
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshio Kanno
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoru Yokoyama
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigemi Sasamoto
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hikari K. Asou
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Damon J. Tumes
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia, North Terrace, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Osamu Ohara
- Department of Applied Genomics Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshinori Nakayama
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
- AMED-CREST, AMED, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Endo
- Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Omics Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Abstract
The β common chain (βc) cytokine family includes granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3) and IL-5, all of which use βc as key signaling receptor subunit. GM-CSF, IL-3 and IL-5 have specific roles as hematopoietic growth factors. IL-3 binds with high affinity to the IL-3 receptor α (IL-3Rα/CD123) and then associates with the βc subunit. IL-3 is mainly synthesized by different subsets of T cells, but is also produced by several other immune [basophils, dendritic cells (DCs), mast cells, etc.] and non-immune cells (microglia and astrocytes). The IL-3Rα is also expressed by immune (basophils, eosinophils, mast cells, DCs, monocytes, and megacaryocytes) and non-immune cells (endothelial cells and neuronal cells). IL-3 is the most important growth and activating factor for human and mouse basophils, primary effector cells of allergic disorders. IL-3-activated basophils and mast cells are also involved in different chronic inflammatory disorders, infections, and several types of cancer. IL-3 induces the release of cytokines (i.e., IL-4, IL-13, CXCL8) from human basophils and preincubation of basophils with IL-3 potentiates the release of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines from IgE- and C5a-activated basophils. IL-3 synergistically potentiates IL-33-induced mediator release from human basophils. IL-3 plays a pathogenic role in several hematologic cancers and may contribute to autoimmune and cardiac disorders. Several IL-3Rα/CD123 targeting molecules have shown some efficacy in the treatment of hematologic malignancies.
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49
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Łuczaj W, Gęgotek A, Skrzydlewska E. Analytical approaches to assess metabolic changes in psoriasis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 205:114359. [PMID: 34509137 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is one of the most common human skin diseases, although its development is not limited to one tissue, but is associated with autoimmune reactions throughout the body. Overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors systemically stimulates the proliferation of skin cells, which manifests as excessive exfoliation of the epidermis, and/or arthritis, as well as other comorbidities such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and depression. Thus, there is a great need for a thorough analysis of the pathophysiology of psoriatic patients, including classical methods, such as spectrophotometry, chromatography, or Western blot, and also novel omics approaches such as lipidomics and proteomics. Moreover, the extensive pathophysiology forces increased research examining biological changes in both skin cells, and systemically. A wide range of techniques involved in lipidomic research based on a combination of mass spectrometry and different types of chromatography (RP-LC-QTOF-MS/MS, HILIC-QTOF-MS/MS or RP-LC-QTRAP-MS/MS), have allowed comprehensive assessment of lipid modification in psoriatic skin and provided new insight into the role of lipids and their mechanism of action in psoriasis. Moreover, proteomic analysis using gel-nanoLC-OrbiTrap-MS/MS, as well as MALDI-TOF/TOF techniques facilitates the description of panels of enzymes involved in lipidome modifications, and the response of the endocannabinoid system to metabolic changes. Psoriasis is known to alter the expression of proteins that are involved in the inflammatory and antioxidant response, as well as protein biosynthesis, degradation, as well as cell proliferation and apoptosis. Knowledge of changes in the lipidomic and proteomic profile will not only allow the understanding of psoriasis pathophysiology, but also facilitate proper and early diagnosis and effective pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Łuczaj
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gęgotek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Skrzydlewska
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2d, 15-222, Bialystok, Poland.
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50
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Greene JT, Brian BF, Senevirathne SE, Freedman TS. Regulation of myeloid-cell activation. Curr Opin Immunol 2021; 73:34-42. [PMID: 34601225 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Myeloid cells (macrophages, monocytes, dendritic cells, and granulocytes) survey the body for signs of infection and damage and regulate tissue homeostasis, organogenesis, and immunity. They express receptors that initiate the inflammatory response, send signals that alter the vascular and cytokine milieu, and oversee the recruitment, differentiation, and activation of other myeloid and adaptive immune cells. Their activation must therefore be tightly regulated, optimized for maximal innate-immune protection with a minimum of collateral tissue damage or disorganization. In this review we discuss what it means for myeloid cells to become activated, with emphasis on the receptors and signaling molecules important for the recognition of pathogen-associated and damage-associated molecular patterns. We also outline how these signals are regulated by the steric properties of proteins, by adhesive and cytoskeletal interactions, and by negative feedback to keep inflammation in check and support healthy tissue development and homeostasis. Throughout the text we highlight recent publications and reviews and direct readers therein for a comprehensive bibliography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph T Greene
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Ben F Brian
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - S Erandika Senevirathne
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States
| | - Tanya S Freedman
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Immunology, Masonic Cancer Center, and Center for Autoimmune Diseases Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, United States.
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