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Roesner S, Saunders GJ, Wilkening I, Jayawant E, Geden JV, Kerby P, Dixon AM, Notman R, Shipman M. Macrocyclisation of small peptides enabled by oxetane incorporation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:2465-2472. [PMID: 30881675 PMCID: PMC6385813 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05474f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic peptides are an important source of new drugs but are challenging to produce synthetically. We show that head-to-tail peptide macrocyclisations are greatly improved, as measured by isolated yields, reaction rates and product distribution, by substitution of one of the backbone amide C[double bond, length as m-dash]O bonds with an oxetane ring. The cyclisation precursors are easily made by standard solution- or solid-phase peptide synthesis techniques. Macrocyclisations across a range of challenging ring sizes (tetra-, penta- and hexapeptides) are enabled by incorporation of this turn-inducing element. Oxetane incorporation is shown to be superior to other established amino acid modifications such as N-methylation. The positional dependence of the modification on cyclisation efficiency is mapped using a cyclic peptide of sequence LAGAY. We provide the first direct experimental evidence that oxetane modification induces a turn in linear peptide backbones, through the observation of d NN (i, i + 2) and d αN (i, i + 2) NOEs, which offers an explanation for these improvements. For cyclic peptide, cLAGAY, a combination of NMR derived distance restraints and molecular dynamics simulations are used to show that this modification alters the backbone conformation in proximity to the oxetane, with the flexibility of the ring reduced and a new intramolecular H-bond established. Finally, we incorporated an oxetane into a cyclic pentapeptide inhibitor of Aminopeptidase N, a transmembrane metalloprotease overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells. The inhibitor, cCNGRC, displayed similar IC50 values in the presence or absence of an oxetane at the glycine residue, indicating that bioactivity is fully retained upon amide C[double bond, length as m-dash]O bond replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Roesner
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - George J Saunders
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Ina Wilkening
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Eleanor Jayawant
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Joanna V Geden
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Paul Kerby
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Ann M Dixon
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Rebecca Notman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Michael Shipman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
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Miličević A, Raos N. Stability prediction of copper(II) complexes with peptides containing cysteinic disulfide bridge by models based on the connectivity index 3χv. J COORD CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2014.888716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Miličević
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - N. Raos
- Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia
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Shao H, Lee CW, Zhu Q, Gantzel P, Goodman M. β,β-Dimethylcyclolanthionine, neue Dipeptidmimetica mit geringer konformativer Freiheit: Synthese, Röntgenstruktur- und Konformationsanalyse. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19961080116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Grgas B, Raos N, Horvat Š, Pavković D, Simeon V. COORDINATION OF COPPER(II) TO CYCLIC PEPTIDES WITH A CYSTEINIC DISULFIDE BRIDGE: COMPLEX STABILITY AND VISIBLE ABSORPTION SPECTRA. J COORD CHEM 1994. [DOI: 10.1080/00958979408024217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Branka Grgas
- a Institute for Medical Research and Ocuppational Health, University of Zagreb , 41001, Zagreb, (POB 291), Croatia
| | - Nenad Raos
- a Institute for Medical Research and Ocuppational Health, University of Zagreb , 41001, Zagreb, (POB 291), Croatia
| | - Štefica Horvat
- b Rugjer Bošković Institute, University of Zagreb , 41001, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Damir Pavković
- c Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Zagreb , 41001, Zagreb, (POB 163), Croatia
| | - Vladimir Simeon
- c Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , University of Zagreb , 41001, Zagreb, (POB 163), Croatia
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Cumberbatch S, North M, Zagotto G. The synthesis and conformational analysis of a pair of diastereomeric, conformationally constrained peptides with opposite amide bond geometries. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)91222-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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