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Kishor PBK, Guddimalli R, Kulkarni J, Singam P, Somanaboina AK, Nandimandalam T, Patil S, Polavarapu R, Suravajhala P, Sreenivasulu N, Penna S. Impact of Climate Change on Altered Fruit Quality with Organoleptic, Health Benefit, and Nutritional Attributes. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:17510-17527. [PMID: 37943146 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
As a consequence of global climate change, acute water deficit conditions, soil salinity, and high temperature have been on the rise in their magnitude and frequency, which have been found to impact plant growth and development negatively. However, recent evidence suggests that many fruit plants that face moderate abiotic stresses can result in beneficial effects on the postharvest storage characters of the fruits. Salinity, drought, and high temperature conditions stimulate the synthesis of abscisic acid (ABA), and secondary metabolites, which are vital for fruit quality. The secondary metabolites like phenolic acids and anthocyanins that accumulate under abiotic stress conditions have antioxidant activity, and therefore, such fruits have health benefits too. It has been noticed that fruits accumulate more sugar and anthocyanins owing to upregulation of phenylpropanoid pathway enzymes. The novel information that has been generated thus far indicates that the growth environment during fruit development influences the quality components of the fruits. But the quality depends on the trade-offs between productivity, plant defense, and the frequency, duration, and intensity of stress. In this review, we capture the current knowledge of the irrigation practices for optimizing fruit production in arid and semiarid regions and enhancement in the quality of fruit with the application of exogenous ABA and identify gaps that exist in our understanding of fruit quality under abiotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P B Kavi Kishor
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | | | - Jayant Kulkarni
- Department of Botany, Savithribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Prashant Singam
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Anil Kumar Somanaboina
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research Deemed to be University, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522 213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Tejaswi Nandimandalam
- Department of Biotechnology, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology & Research Deemed to be University, Vadlamudi, Guntur 522 213, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Swaroopa Patil
- Department of Botany, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416 004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rathnagiri Polavarapu
- Genomix Molecular Diagnostics Pvt. Ltd., Pragathi Nagar, Kukatapally, Hyderabad 500 072, India
| | - Prashanth Suravajhala
- Amrita School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwavidyapeetham, Clappana, 690 525, Amritapuri, Vallikavu, Kerala, India & Bioclues.org, Hyderabad, India
| | - Nese Sreenivasulu
- Consumer-Driven Grain Quality and Nutrition Research Unit, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manil 1301, Philippines
| | - Suprasanna Penna
- Amity Centre for Nuclear Biotechnology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University of Maharashtra, Mumbai 410 206, India
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Hao TB, Lu Y, Zhang ZH, Liu SF, Wang X, Yang WD, Balamurugan S, Li HY. Hyperaccumulation of fucoxanthin by enhancing methylerythritol phosphate pathway in Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 105:8783-8793. [PMID: 34741642 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-021-11660-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The established human health benefits of carotenoids along with the contemporary consumption of natural carotenoids bring the necessity to sustainable production of carotenoids. Among, marine diatoms have emerged as the potential biological resources for carotenoid production; however, their relatively lower yield in native strains provides the impetus to genetically improve the diatoms to cope with the burgeoning demand. In this study, we genetically improved the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum by overexpressing key carotenogenic genes involved in methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway. The genes with lower relative transcript level under optimum conditions such as CMK and CMS were selected and overexpressed in P. tricornutum individually. Both CMK and CMS overexpressing lines exhibited elevated growth and photosynthesis. The expression of key carotenogenic genes such as PSY, PDS, ZDS, CRT, and LCYB was significantly upregulated. Furthermore, total carotenoid content was significantly increased; particularly, fucoxanthin content was increased by 1.83- and 1.82-fold in engineered lines CMK and CMS, respectively. Together, the results identify the potential metabolic targets and also uncover the crucial role of MEP pathway in redirecting metabolic precursors towards carotenogenesis. KEY POINTS: • Low abundant genes CMS and CMK of MEP pathway were overexpressed in the diatom • Total carotenoid content was increased, particularly fucoxanthin • Critical metabolic nodes were uncovered to accelerate fucoxanthin biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Bin Hao
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhong-Hong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Si-Fen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wei-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | | | - Hong-Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, College of Life Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Fernandes LDS, Correa FM, Ingram KT, de Almeida AAF, Royaert S. QTL mapping and identification of SNP-haplotypes affecting yield components of Theobroma cacao L. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:26. [PMID: 32140235 PMCID: PMC7049306 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-0250-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Cacao is a crop of global relevance that faces constant demands for improved bean yield. However, little is known about the genomic regions controlling the crop yield and genes involved in cacao bean filling. Hence, to identify the quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with cacao yield and bean filling, we performed a QTL mapping in a segregating mapping population comprising 459 trees of a cross between 'TSH 1188' and 'CCN 51'. All variables showed considerable phenotypic variation and had moderate to high heritability values. We identified 24 QTLs using a genetic linkage map that contains 3526 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Haplotype analysis at the significant QTL region on chromosome IV pointed to the alleles from the maternal parent, 'TSH 1188', as the ones that affect the cacao yield components the most. The recombination events identified within these QTL regions allowed us to identify candidate genes that may take part in the different steps of pod growth and bean filling. Such candidate genes seem to play a significant role in the source-to-sink transport of sugars and amino acids, and lipid metabolism, such as fatty acid production. The SNP markers mapped in our study are now being used to select potential high-yielding cacao varieties through marker-assisted selection in our existing cacao-breeding experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fábio M. Correa
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, Bairro Salobrinho, Ilhéus, BA CEP 45.662-900 Brazil
| | - Keith T. Ingram
- Mars, Incorporated, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, FL 33158 USA
| | - Alex-Alan Furtado de Almeida
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, Bairro Salobrinho, Ilhéus, BA CEP 45.662-900 Brazil
| | - Stefan Royaert
- Mars, Incorporated, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, FL 33158 USA
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Pott DM, Osorio S, Vallarino JG. From Central to Specialized Metabolism: An Overview of Some Secondary Compounds Derived From the Primary Metabolism for Their Role in Conferring Nutritional and Organoleptic Characteristics to Fruit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:835. [PMID: 31316537 PMCID: PMC6609884 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fruit flavor and nutritional characteristics are key quality traits and ones of the main factors influencing consumer preference. Central carbon metabolism, also known as primary metabolism, contributes to the synthesis of intermediate compounds that act as precursors for plant secondary metabolism. Specific and specialized metabolic pathways that evolved from primary metabolism play a key role in the plant's interaction with its environment. In particular, secondary metabolites present in the fruit serve to increase its attractiveness to seed dispersers and to protect it against biotic and abiotic stresses. As a consequence, several important organoleptic characteristics, such as aroma, color, and fruit nutritional value, rely upon secondary metabolite content. Phenolic and terpenoid compounds are large and diverse classes of secondary metabolites that contribute to fruit quality and have their origin in primary metabolic pathways, while the delicate aroma of ripe fruits is formed by a unique combination of hundreds of volatiles that are derived from primary metabolites. In this review, we show that the manipulation of primary metabolism is a powerful tool to engineer quality traits in fruits, such as the phenolic, terpenoid, and volatile content. The enzymatic reactions responsible for the accumulation of primary precursors are bottlenecks in the transfer of metabolic flux from central to specialized metabolism and should be taken into account to increase the yield of the final products of the biosynthetic pathways. In addition, understanding the connection and regulation of the carbon flow between primary and secondary metabolism is a key factor for the development of fruit cultivars with enhanced organoleptic and nutritional traits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Osorio
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, Spain
| | - José G. Vallarino
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Málaga, Spain
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Magwaza LS, Carmen Alamar M, Tesfay SZ, Mditshwa A, Opara UL, Terry LA. Investigating the involvement of ABA, ABA catabolites and cytokinins in the susceptibility of 'Nules Clementine' mandarin to rind breakdown disorder. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:4142-4149. [PMID: 30767237 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 'Nules Clementine' mandarin was used to investigate the potential involvement of endogenous plant hormones in mediating citrus fruit susceptibility to rind breakdown disorder (RBD). The effect of light exposure (namely canopy position and bagging treatments) on the endogenous concentration of ABA, 7'-hydroxy-abscisic acid (7-OH-ABA), ABA-glucose ester (ABA-GE) and dihydrophaseic acid (DPA), and t-zeatin was tested using four preharvest treatments: outside, outside bagged, inside and inside bagged. Phytohormones concentration was evaluated during nine weeks of postharvest storage at 8 °C. RESULTS The shaded fruit inside the canopy had the highest RBD score (0.88) at the end of postharvest storage, while sun-exposed fruit had the lowest score (0.12). Before storage, ABA concentration was lowest (462.8 µg kg-1 ) for inside fruit, and highest in outside bagged fruit (680.5 µg kg-1 ). Although ABA concentration suddenly increased from the third week, reaching a maximum concentration of 580 µg kg-1 at week 6 in fruit from inside position, it generally reduced 1.6-fold ranging from 240.52 to 480.65 µg kg-1 throughout storage. The increase of 7-OH-ABA was more prominent in fruit from inside canopy. Overall, the concentration of ABA-GE increased three-fold with storage time. DPA concentration of bagged fruit from inside canopy position was significantly higher compared to outside fruit. The lower ABA-GE and higher DPA concentration in inside bagged fruit throughout storage also coincided with higher RBD. CONCLUSION The strong positive correlations between 7-OH-ABA, DPA and RBD incidence demonstrated that these ABA catabolites could be used as biomarkers for fruit susceptibility to the disorder. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lembe S Magwaza
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
- Discipline of Crop Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
- Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, UK
| | | | - Samson Z Tesfay
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - Asanda Mditshwa
- Discipline of Horticultural Science, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
| | - Umezuruike L Opara
- Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, South African Research Chair in Postharvest Technology, Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Postharvest Technology Research Laboratory, South African Research Chair in Postharvest Technology, Department of Food Science, Faculty of AgriSciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Leon A Terry
- Plant Science Laboratory, Cranfield University, UK
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Beauvoit B, Belouah I, Bertin N, Cakpo CB, Colombié S, Dai Z, Gautier H, Génard M, Moing A, Roch L, Vercambre G, Gibon Y. Putting primary metabolism into perspective to obtain better fruits. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2018; 122:1-21. [PMID: 29718072 PMCID: PMC6025238 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcy057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Background One of the key goals of fruit biology is to understand the factors that influence fruit growth and quality, ultimately with a view to manipulating them for improvement of fruit traits. Scope Primary metabolism, which is not only essential for growth but is also a major component of fruit quality, is an obvious target for improvement. However, metabolism is a moving target that undergoes marked changes throughout fruit growth and ripening. Conclusions Agricultural practice and breeding have successfully improved fruit metabolic traits, but both face the complexity of the interplay between development, metabolism and the environment. Thus, more fundamental knowledge is needed to identify further strategies for the manipulation of fruit metabolism. Nearly two decades of post-genomics approaches involving transcriptomics, proteomics and/or metabolomics have generated a lot of information about the behaviour of fruit metabolic networks. Today, the emergence of modelling tools is providing the opportunity to turn this information into a mechanistic understanding of fruits, and ultimately to design better fruits. Since high-quality data are a key requirement in modelling, a range of must-have parameters and variables is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Isma Belouah
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | | | - Sophie Colombié
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Zhanwu Dai
- UMR 1287 EGFV, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux Sci Agro, F-Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | | | - Annick Moing
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Léa Roch
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Antoine S, Pailly O, Gibon Y, Luro F, Santini J, Giannettini J, Berti L. Short- and long-term effects of carbohydrate limitation on sugar and organic acid accumulation during mandarin fruit growth. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:3906-3914. [PMID: 26694637 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The physiological roles of organic acids in fruit cells are not fully understood, especially in citrus, whereas the decline in titratable acidity during ripening shown by many citrus fruits is due to the utilization of citric acid. We induced carbohydrate depletion by removing source leaves at two key periods in mandarin development (early and full citric acid accumulation). Then, we assessed the resulting changes in the short term (within 48 h) and long term (several weeks until ripening). RESULTS Control mature fruits were characterized by elevated fresh weight, large diameters and high quantities of malic acid, citric acid and sucrose. At the same stage, fruits subjected to early or late defoliation had higher glucose, fructose, citric acid concentrations and lower sucrose concentrations. They differed only in their malic acid concentrations, which were higher in early defoliation fruits and similar in late defoliation fruits when compared to control fruits. Finally, fruits subjected to late defoliation were characterized by high proline and γ-aminobutyric acid concentrations, and low fructose and glucose concentrations. CONCLUSION We have shown that short- and long-term carbohydrate limitation modifies sugar and organic acid metabolism during mandarin fruit growth. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Antoine
- UMR AGAP Corse, station INRA, F-20230, San Giuliano, France
- CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Laboratoire Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire du Végétal, F-20250, Corte, France
| | - Olivier Pailly
- Unité Expérimentale Citrus - INRA, F-20230, San Giuliano, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique and, Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33883, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome-Fluxome Bordeaux, BP 81, F-33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - François Luro
- UMR AGAP Corse, station INRA, F-20230, San Giuliano, France
| | - Jérémie Santini
- CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Laboratoire Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire du Végétal, F-20250, Corte, France
| | - Jean Giannettini
- CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Laboratoire Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire du Végétal, F-20250, Corte, France
| | - Liliane Berti
- CNRS, UMR 6134 SPE, Laboratoire Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire du Végétal, F-20250, Corte, France
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Ripoll J, Urban L, Brunel B, Bertin N. Water deficit effects on tomato quality depend on fruit developmental stage and genotype. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 190:26-35. [PMID: 26629612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have advocated that water deficit (WD) may exert beneficial effects on fruit quality. However, the fruit response to WD at specific developmental stages was seldom investigated, although different mechanisms could be involved at each stage and lead to different effects on final fruit quality. In the present study, a moderate WD (-60% of water supply compared to control) was applied during each of the three major phases of fruit development, namely cell division (CD), cell expansion (CE) and maturation (MT). Two cocktail tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) genotypes were studied, one producing poor quality fruits (LA1420), and the other one producing tasty fruits (PlovdivXXIVa named Plovdiv). Contrasted responses were observed between the two genotypes. For both of them, fruit fresh mass and size were not significantly reduced by WD, whatever the developmental phase affected. Osmotic regulations were likely involved in the CD treatment for LA1420 fruits, which accumulated more sugars (both on a dry and fresh matter basis) and less acids (on a dry matter basis). In the CE treatment, other adaptive strategies involving sugar metabolism and sub-cellular compartmentation were suggested. In contrast, the composition of Plovdiv fruits changed only under the MT treatment, with less sugars, acids and carotenoids compared to control fruits (both on a dry and fresh matter basis). Total ascorbic acid (AsA) was not significantly influenced by treatments in both genotypes. On their whole, results suggest that, depending on genotypes, fruits are sweeter and less acidic under WD, but that the nutritive value related to vitamin and carotenoid contents may be lessened. The sensitivity of each developmental phase highly depends on the genotype. All phases were sensitive to WD for LA1420, but only the ripening phase for Plovdiv. Interestingly, major changes in fruit composition were observed in LA1420 which presents poor fruit quality under control conditions. This suggests the onset of fast adaptive response to WD at the fruit level in this genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ripoll
- INRA-Centre d'Avignon, UR1115 Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, Domain Saint Paul-Site Agroparc, 228 route de l'aérodrome, CS 40509, 84 914 Avignon, Cedex 9, France; Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse-Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes EA4279, Bât. Agrosciences, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, B.P. 21239, 84916 Avignon, Cedex 9, France.
| | - Laurent Urban
- Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse-Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes EA4279, Bât. Agrosciences, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, B.P. 21239, 84916 Avignon, Cedex 9, France.
| | - Béatrice Brunel
- INRA-Centre d'Avignon, UR1115 Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, Domain Saint Paul-Site Agroparc, 228 route de l'aérodrome, CS 40509, 84 914 Avignon, Cedex 9, France.
| | - Nadia Bertin
- INRA-Centre d'Avignon, UR1115 Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, Domain Saint Paul-Site Agroparc, 228 route de l'aérodrome, CS 40509, 84 914 Avignon, Cedex 9, France.
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Ripoll J, Urban L, Bertin N. The Potential of the MAGIC TOM Parental Accessions to Explore the Genetic Variability in Tomato Acclimation to Repeated Cycles of Water Deficit and Recovery. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1172. [PMID: 26779213 PMCID: PMC4700940 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/07/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Episodes of water deficit (WD) during the crop cycle of tomato may negatively impact plant growth and fruit yield, but they may also improve fruit quality. Moreover, a moderate WD may induce a plant "memory effect" which is known to stimulate plant acclimation and defenses for upcoming stress episodes. The objective of this study was to analyze the positive and negative impacts of repeated episodes of WD at the plant and fruit levels. Three episodes of WD (-38, -45, and -55% of water supply) followed by three periods of recovery ("WD treatments"), were applied to the eight parents of the Multi-Parent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross population which offers the largest allelic variability observed in tomato. Predawn and midday water potentials, chlorophyll a fluorescence, growth and fruit quality traits [contents in sugars, acids, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid (AsA)] were measured throughout the experiment. Important genotypic variations were observed both at the plant and fruit levels and variations in fruit and leaf traits were found not to be correlated. Overall, the WD treatments were at the origin of important osmotic regulations, reduction of leaf growth, acclimation of photosynthetic functioning, notably through an increase in the chlorophyll content and in the quantum yield of the electron transport flux until PSI acceptors (J 0 (RE1)/J (ABS)). The effects on fruit sugar, acid, carotenoid and AsA contents on a dry matter basis ranged from negative to positive to nil depending on genotypes and stress intensity. Three small fruit size accessions were richer in AsA on a fresh matter basis, due to concentration effects. So, fruit quality was improved under WD mainly through concentration effects. On the whole, two accessions, LA1420 and Criollo appeared as interesting genetic resources, cumulating adaptive traits both at the leaf and fruit levels. Our observations show that the complexity involved in plant responses, when considering a broad range of physiological traits and the variability of genotypic effects, represent a true challenge for upcoming studies aiming at taking advantage of, not just dealing with WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ripoll
- UR1115 Plantes et Systèmes de cultures Horticoles, INRAAvignon, France
- Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes EA4279, Université d’Avignon et des Pays du VaucluseAvignon, France
| | - Laurent Urban
- Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes EA4279, Université d’Avignon et des Pays du VaucluseAvignon, France
| | - Nadia Bertin
- UR1115 Plantes et Systèmes de cultures Horticoles, INRAAvignon, France
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Rosalie R, Joas J, Deytieux-Belleau C, Vulcain E, Payet B, Dufossé L, Léchaudel M. Antioxidant and enzymatic responses to oxidative stress induced by pre-harvest water supply reduction and ripening on mango (Mangifera indica L. cv. 'Cogshall') in relation to carotenoid content. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2015; 184:68-78. [PMID: 26232564 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The effects of a reduction in water supply during fruit development and postharvest fruit ripening on the oxidative status and the antioxidant defense system were studied in the mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.) cv. Cogshall. Changes in non-enzymatic (ascorbate) and enzymatic (SOD, CAT, APX, MDHAR, DHAR and GR) antioxidants, as well as oxidative parameters (H2O2 and MDA) and major carotenoids, were measured in unripe and ripe fruits from well-irrigated and non-irrigated trees. Under non-limiting water supply conditions, ripening induced oxidation as a result of the production of ROS and decreased ascorbate content. Antioxidant enzymatic systems were activated to protect fruit tissues and to regenerate the ascorbate pool. The carotenoid pool, mainly represented by β-carotene and esterified violaxanthine isomers, accumulated naturally during mango ripening. The suppression of irrigation decreased fruit size and induced accumulation of ABA and of its storage form, ABA-GE, in fruit pulp from the earliest harvest. It also increased oxidation, which was observable by the high levels of ascorbate measured at the early stages at harvest, and by the delay in the time it took to reach the pseudo constant carotene-to-xanthophyll ratio in ripe fruits. Nevertheless, differences between the irrigation treatments on the antioxidant system in ripe fruits were not significant, mainly because of the drastic changes in this system during ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Rosalie
- Centre de Coopération Internationale de Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR Qualisud, 7 Rue de l'Irat, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Ile de La Réunion, France; Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de la Réunion, France.
| | - Jacques Joas
- CIRAD, UMR Qualisud, TA B95/16, 73 rue Jean-François Breton, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Christelle Deytieux-Belleau
- Centre de Coopération Internationale de Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR Qualisud, 7 Rue de l'Irat, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Emmanuelle Vulcain
- Centre de Coopération Internationale de Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), UMR Qualisud, 7 Rue de l'Irat, 97410 Saint-Pierre, Ile de La Réunion, France
| | - Bertrand Payet
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de la Réunion, France
| | - Laurent Dufossé
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Substances Naturelles et des Sciences des Aliments, Université de La Réunion, ESIROI Agroalimentaire, Parc Technologique, 2 rue Joseph Wetzell, 97490, Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de la Réunion, France
| | - Mathieu Léchaudel
- CIRAD, UR Fonctionnement Agroécologique et Performances des Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, Station Bassin Plat, BP 180, 97455, Saint Pierre Cedex, Ile de la Réunion, France
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11
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Hart M, Ehret DL, Krumbein A, Leung C, Murch S, Turi C, Franken P. Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi improves the nutritional value of tomatoes. MYCORRHIZA 2015; 25:359-76. [PMID: 25391485 DOI: 10.1007/s00572-014-0617-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can affect many different micronutrients and macronutrients in plants and also influence host volatile compound synthesis. Their effect on the edible portions of plants is less clear. Two separate studies were performed to investigate whether inoculation by AM fungi (Rhizophagus irregularis, Funneliformis mosseae, or both) can affect the food quality of tomato fruits, in particular common minerals, antioxidants, carotenoids, a suite of vitamins, and flavor compounds (sugars, titratable acids, volatile compounds). It was found that AM fungal inoculation increased the nutrient quality of tomato fruits for most nutrients except vitamins. Fruit mineral concentration increased with inoculation (particularly N, P, and Cu). Similarly, inoculated plants had fruit with higher antioxidant capacity and more carotenoids. Furthermore, five volatile compounds were significantly higher in AM plants compared with non-AM controls. Taken together, these results show that AM fungi represent a promising resource for improving both sustainable food production and human nutritional needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda Hart
- Biology, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, V1V 1 V7, Canada,
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12
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Ripoll J, Urban L, Staudt M, Lopez-Lauri F, Bidel LPR, Bertin N. Water shortage and quality of fleshy fruits--making the most of the unavoidable. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:4097-117. [PMID: 24821951 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Extreme climatic events, including drought, are predicted to increase in intensity, frequency, and geographic extent as a consequence of global climate change. In general, to grow crops successfully in the future, growers will need to adapt to less available water and to take better advantage of the positive effects of drought. Fortunately, there are positive effects associated with drought. Drought stimulates the secondary metabolism, thereby potentially increasing plant defences and the concentrations of compounds involved in plant quality, particularly taste and health benefits. The role of drought on the production of secondary metabolites is of paramount importance for fruit crops. However, to manage crops effectively under conditions of limited water supply, for example by applying deficit irrigation, growers must consider not only the impact of drought on productivity but also on how plants manage the primary and secondary metabolisms. This question is obviously complex because during water deficit, trade-offs among productivity, defence, and quality depend upon the intensity, duration, and repetition of events of water deficit. The stage of plant development during the period of water deficit is also crucial, as are the effects of other stressors. In addition, growers must rely on relevant indicators of water status, i.e. parameters involved in the relevant metabolic processes, including those affecting quality. Although many reports on the effects of drought on plant function and crop productivity have been published, these issues have not been reviewed thus far. Here, we provide an up-to-date review of current knowledge of the effects of different forms of drought on fruit quality relative to the primary and secondary metabolisms and their interactions. We also review conventional and less conventional indicators of water status that could be used for monitoring purposes, such as volatile compounds. We focus on fruit crops owing to the importance of secondary metabolism in fruit quality and the importance of fruits in the human diet. The issue of defence is also briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ripoll
- INRA - Centre d'Avignon, UR 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, Domaine Saint Paul - Site Agroparc, 228 route de l'Aérodrome, CS 40509, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes, Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, Bât. Agrosciences, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, B.p. 21239, F-84916 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - Laurent Urban
- Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes, Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, Bât. Agrosciences, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, B.p. 21239, F-84916 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - Michael Staudt
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive Montpellier, CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Félicie Lopez-Lauri
- Laboratoire de Physiologie des Fruits et Légumes, Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, Bât. Agrosciences, 301 rue Baruch de Spinoza, B.p. 21239, F-84916 Avignon Cedex 9, France
| | - Luc P R Bidel
- INRA, UMR AGAP, Place P. Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France
| | - Nadia Bertin
- INRA - Centre d'Avignon, UR 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, Domaine Saint Paul - Site Agroparc, 228 route de l'Aérodrome, CS 40509, 84914 Avignon Cedex 9, France
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13
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Fanciullino AL, Bidel LPR, Urban L. Carotenoid responses to environmental stimuli: integrating redox and carbon controls into a fruit model. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2014; 37:273-89. [PMID: 23777240 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids play an important role in plant adaptation to fluctuating environments as well as in the human diet by contributing to the prevention of chronic diseases. Insights have been gained recently into the way individual factors, genetic, environmental or developmental, control the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway at the molecular level. The identification of the rate-limiting steps of carotenogenesis has paved the way for programmes of breeding, and metabolic engineering, aimed at increasing the concentration of carotenoids in different crop species. However, the complexity that arises from the interactions between the different factors as well as from the coordination between organs remains poorly understood. This review focuses on recent advances in carotenoid responses to environmental stimuli and discusses how the interactions between the modulation factors and between organs affect carotenoid build-up. We develop the idea that reactive oxygen species/redox status and sugars/carbon status can be considered as integrated factors that account for most effects of the major environmental factors influencing carotenoid biosynthesis. The discussion highlights the concept of carotenoids or carotenoid-derivatives as stress signals that may be involved in feedback controls. We propose a conceptual model of the effects of environmental and developmental factors on carotenoid build-up in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Fanciullino
- UR 1115 Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, INRA, Avignon, Cedex, 9, France
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14
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Kromdijk J, Bertin N, Heuvelink E, Molenaar J, de Visser PHB, Marcelis LFM, Struik PC. Crop management impacts the efficiency of quantitative trait loci (QTL) detection and use: case study of fruit load×QTL interactions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:11-22. [PMID: 24227339 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Mapping studies using populations with introgressed marker-defined genomic regions are continuously increasing knowledge about quantitative trait loci (QTL) that correlate with variation in important crop traits. This knowledge is useful for plant breeding, although combining desired traits in one genotype might be complicated by the mode of inheritance and co-localization of QTL with antagonistic effects, and by physiological trade-offs, and feed-back or feed-forward mechanisms. Therefore, integrating advances at the genetic level with insight into influences of environment and crop management on crop performance remains difficult. Whereas mapping studies can pinpoint correlations between QTL and phenotypic traits for specific conditions, ignoring or overlooking the importance of environment or crop management can jeopardize the relevance of such assessments. Here, we focus on fruit load (a measure determining competition among fruits on one plant) and its strong modulation of QTL effects on fruit size and composition. Following an integral approach, we show which fruit traits are affected by fruit load, to which underlying processes these traits can be linked, and which processes at lower and higher integration levels are affected by fruit load (and subsequently influence fruit traits). This opinion paper (i) argues that a mechanistic framework to interpret interactions between fruit load and QTL effects is needed, (ii) pleads for consideration of the context of agronomic management when detecting QTL, (iii) makes a case for incorporating interacting factors in the experimental set-up of QTL mapping studies, and (iv) provides recommendations to improve efficiency in QTL detection and use, with particular focus on model-based marker-assisted breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kromdijk
- Wageningen UR Greenhouse Horticulture, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
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15
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Pantin F, Fanciullino AL, Massonnet C, Dauzat M, Simonneau T, Muller B. Buffering growth variations against water deficits through timely carbon usage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:483. [PMID: 24348489 PMCID: PMC3842905 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Water stresses reduce plant growth but there is no consensus on whether carbon metabolism has any role in this reduction. Sugar starvation resulting from stomatal closure is often proposed as a cause of growth impairment under long-term or severe water deficits. However, growth decreases faster than photosynthesis in response to drought, leading to increased carbohydrate stores under short-term or moderate water deficits. Here, we addressed the question of the role of carbon availability on growth under moderate water deficits using two different systems. Firstly, we monitored the day/night pattern of leaf growth in Arabidopsis plants. We show that a moderate soil water deficit promotes leaf growth at night in mutants severely disrupted in their nighttime carbohydrate availability. This suggests that soil water deficit promotes carbon satiation. Secondly, we monitored the sub-hourly growth variations of clementine fruits in response to daily, natural fluctuations in air water deficit, and at contrasting source-sink balances obtained by defoliation. We show that high carbohydrate levels prevent excessive, hydraulic shrinkage of the fruit during days with high evaporative demand, most probably through osmotic adjustment. Together, our results contribute to the view that growing organs under moderate soil or air water deficit are not carbon starved, but use soluble carbohydrate in excess to partly release a hydromechanical limitation of growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Pantin
- UMR 759, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueMontpellier, France
| | - Anne-Laure Fanciullino
- UMR 759, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueMontpellier, France
- UR 1103, Génétique et Ecophysiologie de la Qualité des Agrumes, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueSan Giuliano, France
- UR 1115, Plantes et Systèmes de Culture Horticoles, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueAvignon, France
| | - Catherine Massonnet
- UMR 759, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueMontpellier, France
| | - Myriam Dauzat
- UMR 759, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueMontpellier, France
| | - Thierry Simonneau
- UMR 759, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueMontpellier, France
| | - Bertrand Muller
- UMR 759, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Institut National de la Recherche AgronomiqueMontpellier, France
- *Correspondence: Bertrand Muller, UMR 759, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Place Viala, 34060 Montpellier, France e-mail:
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