1
|
Rau KM, Su YL, Li SH, Hsieh MC, Wu SC, Chou FF, Chiu TJ, Chen YH, Liu CT. High expression of endoglin in primary breast cancer may predict response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7185-7190. [PMID: 28944897 PMCID: PMC5865844 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a widely-used treatment for breast cancer, as it may render unresectable breast tumors to become resectable. In addition, NAC provides the unique opportunity to assess response to treatments within months rather than years of follow-up. However, predictive markers of tumor response to NAC are lacking. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the expression of endoglin, a marker of angiogenesis, and its association with pathologic responses to NAC. Samples from 34 breast cancer patients were obtained prior to and following NAC treatment. Immunohistochemical staining for endoglin and the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) was performed, and the correlation between the expression of these markers and pathologic response was examined. The overall response rate to NAC of these 34 patients was 67.6%. A mean microvascular density value of 14 served as a threshold score for the increased expression of endoglin. Increased expression of endoglin in primary tumors prior to NAC correlated with improved response in primary tumors (P=0.019) or in primary tumors and regional lymph nodes (P=0.014), when compared with reduced expression of endoglin. Increased expression of mTOR following NAC was additionally correlated with improved response to NAC. The results of the present study demonstrated that the expression of endoglin in breast tumor samples prior to NAC may be a predictor of treatment response. Long-term follow-up of clinical outcome is required to explain the elevation of mTOR expression levels following NAC treatment in responsive tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Rau
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yu-Li Su
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shan-Hsuan Li
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Meng-Che Hsieh
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Shis-Chung Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Fong-Fu Chou
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Guishan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Tai-Jan Chiu
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Yen-Hao Chen
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Ting Liu
- Division of Hematology‑Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Niao‑Song, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan, R.O.C
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Han JH, Lee SH, Ham WS, Han WK, Rha KH, Choi YD, Hong SJ, Yoon YE. Inherent characteristics of metachronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the era of targeted agents. Oncotarget 2017; 8:78825-78837. [PMID: 29108268 PMCID: PMC5668001 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the prognostic and predictive factors of time to treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS), respectively, in patients with metachronous metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) who were treated with targeted agents. Materials and Methods We retrospectively reviewed metachronous mRCC patients, defined as individuals diagnosed with metastatic disease >3 months after initial nephrectomy, treated at an institute since 2005. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed to discover the most determinant variables associated with TTF and OS. Results Sarcomatoid features, absence of metastasectomy, multiple site metastasis, time to metastasis <1.5 year, and increased corrected calcium were independent prognostic factors of OS. The low risk group (0-1 risk factors) did not reach the median OS, whereas the OS for the intermediate (2 risk factors) and high risk groups (3-5 risk factors) were 58.6 and 23.6 months, respectively (p<0.001). When a death event was considered the dependent factor, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was significantly higher than in the existing International mRCC Database Consortium (IMDC; p=0.010) and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC; p=0.010) risk criteria models. Conclusion Initial tumor size or T stage did not affect TTF or OS. Patients who could not undergo metastasectomy and rapidly developed multiple metastases with higher corrected calcium and initial tumors with sarcomatoid features were less likely to benefit from targeted therapy; thus, the new agents under development or clinical trials could be more helpful than the use of standard targeted agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jang Hee Han
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Hwan Lee
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Sik Ham
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woong Kyu Han
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Koon Ho Rha
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Deuk Choi
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung Joon Hong
- Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Eun Yoon
- Department of Urology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Sabbatini R, Ortega C, Procopio G, Masini C, Galligioni E, Porta C. Metastatic renal cell carcinoma: how to make the best sequencing decision after withdrawal for intolerance to a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Future Oncol 2013; 9:831-43. [PMID: 23718304 DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
With seven agents approved for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) within the past few years, there has undoubtedly been progress in treating this disease. The treatment safety of these new agents, however, now represents a crucial concern, which requires a search for the best possible balance between the minimization of the treatment burden and the need for maintaining appropriate drug dosages able to induce the best clinical benefit. In this review we have analyzed safety data of all approved targeted agents for metastatic RCC available as first- or second-line therapy to provide suggestions aimed at establishing the most appropriate second-line or later treatment on the basis of toxicities that have arisen in therapy. Based on the characteristics and comorbidities of the patients and on the toxicity profile of each treatment, it is possible to plan different therapeutic options. We, therefore, have compiled a list of points that are important to keep in mind when considering the use of the targeted drugs for the treatment of advanced RCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Sabbatini
- Department of Oncology & Haematology & Respiratory Disease, University Hospital, Modena, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Genitourinary imaging: part 2, role of imaging in medical management of advanced renal cell carcinoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2013; 199:W554-64. [PMID: 23096199 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.12.9233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) comprises 80-85% of all primary renal neoplasms. Knowledge of the genetic and molecular features of RCC and the advent of molecular targeted therapy have revolutionized the treatment of RCC in the past decade. This article will review the changing role of the radiologist in the management of advanced RCC, especially in terms of the new relevance of RCC subtypes, treatment-related changes on imaging, new tumor response criteria, and commonly encountered molecular targeted therapy-related toxicities. CONCLUSION In this era of personalized cancer treatment, imaging has assumed a central role in treatment selection and follow-up of advanced RCC.
Collapse
|
5
|
Rau KM, Huang CC, Chiu TJ, Chen YY, Lu CC, Liu CT, Pei SN, Wei YC. Neovascularization evaluated by CD105 correlates well with prognostic factors in breast cancers. Exp Ther Med 2012; 4:231-236. [PMID: 23139713 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2012.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is critical for the growth, invasion and metastasis of cancers. Extensive neovascularization and tumor thrombus also correlate with a poor prognosis in breast cancer (BC). Although anti-angiogenic agents have been the therapies of choice for BC, in particular for triple-negative BCs, predictive markers for anti-angiogenic agents are lacking. Microvascular density (MVD) is commonly used to assess the neovascularization in tumors. Compared with pan-endothelial markers such as CD31, CD34 and von Willebrand factor (vWF), CD105 has a higher specificity for MVD in tumor tissues. In this study, we aimed to determine the prognostic value of CD105 in BCs. Paraffin-embedded tissue blocks from 201 BC patients were formed into tissue microarrays. Evaluation of MVD revealed that a median of 11 microvessels determined by CD105 staining correlated significantly with the pathological characteristics of BCs and also with the survival of patients. The expression of CD105 correlated inversely with hormone receptor (HR) expression but positively with Her-2 expression. Univariate analysis indicated that CD105 is a superior predictor of disease-free survival (DFS) in stage I and II diseases; multivariate analysis indicated that only hormone receptors (HRs) are suitable for predicting overall survival (OS) in stage III disease. These findings reveal for the first time that MVD measured by CD105 staining correlates positively with Her-2 expression but negatively with HR expression. The significance of MVD on OS is more apparent in early stage BCs. CD105 has the potential to be used as a predictive marker for anti-angiogenic agents; the targeting of CD105 may also be a potential anticancer strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Ming Rau
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, and ; Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Tao-Yuan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|