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Devlin AS, Anderson A, Carlson K, DiPalo M, Hession-Kunz S, Zou A. The Display of Medical Information: Content, Format, and Subjective Experience. HERD-HEALTH ENVIRONMENTS RESEARCH & DESIGN JOURNAL 2021; 14:287-309. [PMID: 34236000 DOI: 10.1177/19375867211028903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To address a gap in the literature by investigating the subjective experience of participants to the form and content of medical information displayed in a healthcare setting. BACKGROUND Artwork can enhance the experience of patients, but much less is known about how individuals react to displays of medical information in the form of posters or pamphlets, especially those about unsettling conditions (e.g., skin cancer). METHODS In a 2 × 2 × 2 between-subjects design, researchers investigated the content of medical information (skin cancer vs. skin care) that was on display in a simulated exam room, whether the form was a pamphlet or a poster, and reason for the visit (routine annual skin check or evaluating a mole) on measures of subjective experience, including anxiety. RESULTS Viewing material about skin cancer produced greater anxiety and greater arousal than did viewing material about sunscreen, and given the choice of four images (pamphlet and poster for sunscreen, pamphlet and poster for skin cancer), the sunscreen poster was recommended to improve the patient's experience and lower stress. In terms of display format, posters are judged to provide more visual engagement than are pamphlets. CONCLUSIONS Exam rooms should offer multiple opportunities for visual engagement without images that produce anxiety. More research is needed to understand the subjective experience of the patient's interaction with the content and format of medical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Sloan Devlin
- Department of Psychology, Connecticut College, New London, CT, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Amy Zou
- Connecticut College, New London, CT, USA
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Beckwith N, Jean-Baptiste ML, Katz A. Waiting Room Education in a Community Health System: Provider Perceptions and Suggestions. J Community Health 2018; 41:1196-1203. [PMID: 27103552 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-016-0201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The increasing burden of chronic diseases in the United States presents a major challenge to the nation's primary care systems, so improving the efficacy and efficiency of patient education is an important goal. Understanding the current perspectives, practices, and needs of primary care providers should guide innovation towards this end. As a part of the authors' ongoing quality improvement work, a short internet survey was an effective method of enhancing this understanding in one health care system. With a response rate of 24.6 %, the survey revealed that primary care waiting rooms in the health system studied are not conceived of or used by providers as spaces to engage patients in health education. To change this, providers suggested using both printed and technological methods for delivering health information, primarily related to medications, diabetes, and healthy lifestyle practices. Common barriers to improvement cited by providers included diverse language and literacy backgrounds in the patient population, as well as difficulty sustaining change due to infrastructural and administrative barriers. These results suggest steps for development, implementation, and investigation of new educational interventions for patients in the local primary care context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Beckwith
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Marie-Louise Jean-Baptiste
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Medicine, Cambridge Health Alliance, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Arlene Katz
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Crawley L, Frazer K. Posters as assessment strategies: focusing on service users. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2015; 24:830-832. [PMID: 26355359 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2015.24.16.830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This article debates whether posters as an assessment strategy in health professionals' education programmes can benefit learners, academics, and service users. Evidence suggests that service-user involvement benefits learning by developing students' communication, partnership and advocacy skills. The authors debate the value of posters as an assessment strategy in postgraduate diploma nursing programmes delivered in an Irish School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems. It is argued that assessment strategies should not only examine programme theory and practice but should also benefit the people that will be using the service. Although the assessment strategy used in these programmes aimed to benefit service users, additional work is required for assessment to be truly inclusive of service users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta Crawley
- Lecturer, University College Dublin School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin
| | - Kate Frazer
- Lecturer, University College Dublin School of Nursing, Midwifery & Health Systems, Health Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin
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Schalka S, Steiner D, Ravelli FN, Steiner T, Terena AC, Marçon CR, Ayres EL, Addor FAS, Miot HA, Ponzio H, Duarte I, Neffá J, Cunha JAJD, Boza JC, Samorano LDP, Corrêa MDP, Maia M, Nasser N, Leite OMRR, Lopes OS, Oliveira PD, Meyer RLB, Cestari T, Reis VMSD, Rego VRPDA. Brazilian consensus on photoprotection. An Bras Dermatol 2015; 89:1-74. [PMID: 25761256 PMCID: PMC4365470 DOI: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20143971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Brazil is a country of continental dimensions with a large heterogeneity of climates
and massive mixing of the population. Almost the entire national territory is located
between the Equator and the Tropic of Capricorn, and the Earth axial tilt to the
south certainly makes Brazil one of the countries of the world with greater extent of
land in proximity to the sun. The Brazilian coastline, where most of its population
lives, is more than 8,500 km long. Due to geographic characteristics and cultural
trends, Brazilians are among the peoples with the highest annual exposure to the sun.
Epidemiological data show a continuing increase in the incidence of non-melanoma and
melanoma skin cancers. Photoprotection can be understood as a set of measures aimed
at reducing sun exposure and at preventing the development of acute and chronic
actinic damage. Due to the peculiarities of Brazilian territory and culture, it would
not be advisable to replicate the concepts of photoprotection from other developed
countries, places with completely different climates and populations. Thus the
Brazilian Society of Dermatology has developed the Brazilian Consensus on
Photoprotection, the first official document on photoprotection developed in Brazil
for Brazilians, with recommendations on matters involving photoprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sérgio Schalka
- Photobiology Department, Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eloisa Leis Ayres
- Center of Dermatology Prof. Rene Garrido Neves, City Health Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Humberto Ponzio
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ida Duarte
- Charity Hospital, Santa Casa de Misericórdia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jane Neffá
- Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Marcus Maia
- Charity Hospital, Santa Casa de Misericórdia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nilton Nasser
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
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McWhirter JE, Hoffman-Goetz L. A systematic review of visual image theory, assessment, and use in skin cancer and tanning research. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2014; 19:738-757. [PMID: 24512597 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2013.837562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Visual images increase attention, comprehension, and recall of health information and influence health behaviors. Health communication campaigns on skin cancer and tanning often use visual images, but little is known about how such images are selected or evaluated. A systematic review of peer-reviewed, published literature on skin cancer and tanning was conducted to determine (a) what visual communication theories were used, (b) how visual images were evaluated, and (c) how visual images were used in the research studies. Seven databases were searched (PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, Social Sciences Full Text, ERIC, and ABI/INFORM) resulting in 5,330 citations. Of those, 47 met the inclusion criteria. Only one study specifically identified a visual communication theory guiding the research. No standard instruments for assessing visual images were reported. Most studies lacked, to varying degrees, comprehensive image description, image pretesting, full reporting of image source details, adequate explanation of image selection or development, and example images. The results highlight the need for greater theoretical and methodological attention to visual images in health communication research in the future. To this end, the authors propose a working definition of visual health communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E McWhirter
- a School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada
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Haluza D, Cervinka R. Perceived relevance of educative information on public (skin) health: a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. J Prev Med Public Health 2013; 46:82-8. [PMID: 23573372 PMCID: PMC3615383 DOI: 10.3961/jpmph.2013.46.2.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Unprotected leisure time exposure to ultraviolet radiation from the sun or artificial tanning beds is the most important environmental risk factor for melanoma, a malignant skin cancer with increasing incidences over the past decades. The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of skin health information provided by several sources and different publishing issues on knowledge, risk perception, and sun protective behavior of sunbathers. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among Austrian residents (n=563) spending leisure time outdoors in August 2010. Results Print media, television, and family were perceived as the most relevant sources of information on skin health, whereas the source physician was only ranked as fourth important source. Compared to other sources, information provided by doctors positively influenced participants' knowledge on skin risk and sun protective behavior resulting in higher scores in the knowledge test (p=0.009), higher risk perception (p<0.001), and more sun protection (p<0.001). Regarding gender differences, internet was more often used by males as health information source, whereas females were more familiar with printed information material in general. Conclusions The results of this survey put emphasis on the demand for information provided by medical professionals in order to attain effective, long-lasting promotion of photoprotective habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Haluza
- Institute of Environmental Health, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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Ilic D, Rowe N. What is the evidence that poster presentations are effective in promoting knowledge transfer? A state of the art review. Health Info Libr J 2013; 30:4-12. [DOI: 10.1111/hir.12015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dragan Ilic
- Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine; School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine; Monash University; Melbourne; Vic.; Australia
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Jung GW, Senthilselvan A, Salopek TG. Likelihood of dermatology patients to inquire about sun protection measures during a regular clinic visit. J Cutan Med Surg 2012; 15:266-74. [PMID: 21962186 DOI: 10.2310/7750.2011.10054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health information-seeking behavior refers to ways individuals acquire health information. Few studies demonstrate its association with skin cancer. OBJECTIVES To determine the likelihood of patients to inquire about sun protection methods from dermatologists and whether such knowledge will affect their preventive behaviors. METHODS Over a 2-month period, 396 dermatology patients completed a survey assessing their sun awareness knowledge and inquiry about sun protection measures. Features associated with increased skin cancer risk were correlated with patients' inquiry about sun protection information and their future intentions to practice safe sun behavior. RESULTS One in seven patients (13.8%) inquired about sun protection measures. Patients with features known to be associated with increased skin cancer risk infrequently inquired about sun protection methods (4.5-23.8%). Post-physician counseling, patients with previous sun awareness education had a greater intention to use sunscreen routinely (41.4% vs 28.3%, p = .01), avoid the sun (31.2% vs 18.2%, p = .004), and wear sun-protective clothing (32.5% vs 23.2%., p = .05). CONCLUSION Patients' desire for medical information from physicians does not translate efficiently into seeking sun awareness information from dermatologists. Dermatologists should play a greater proactive role in skin cancer prevention through initiation of regular personalized discussions on sun awareness issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon W Jung
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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