1
|
Peng S, Shu F, Lu Y, Fan D, Zheng D, Yuan G. Quasi-targeted metabolomics revealed isoliquiritigenin and lauric acid associated with resistance to tobacco black shank. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2024; 19:2332019. [PMID: 38527068 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2024.2332019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Tobacco black shank (TBS), caused by Phytophthora nicotianae, is a severe disease. Plant root exudates play a crucial role in mediating plant-pathogen interactions in the rhizosphere. However, the specific interaction between key secondary metabolites present in root exudates and the mechanisms of disease resistance remains poorly understood. This study conducted a comprehensive comparison via quasi-targeted metabolomic analysis on the root exudate metabolites from the tobacco cultivar Yunyan87 and K326, both before and after inoculation with P. nicotianae. The results showed that the root exudate metabolites changed after P. nicotianae inoculation, and the root exudate metabolites of different tobacco cultivar was significantly different. Furthermore, homovanillic acid, lauric acid, and isoliquiritigenin were identified as potential key compounds for TBS resistance based on their impact on the mycelium growth of the pathogens. The pot experiment showed that isoliquiritigenin reduced the incidence by 55.2%, while lauric acid reduced it by 45.8%. This suggests that isoliquiritigenin and lauric acid have potential applications in the management of TBS. In summary, this study revealed the possible resistance mechanisms of differential metabolites in resistance of commercial tobacco cultivar, and for the first time discovered the inhibitory effects of isoliquiritigenin and homovanillic acid on P. nictianae, and attempt to use plants secondary metabolites of for plant protection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Peng
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Fangling Shu
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- Tobacco Leaf Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Tobacco Company, Nanning, PR China
| | - Dongsheng Fan
- Tobacco Leaf Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Tobacco Company, Nanning, PR China
| | - Dehong Zheng
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| | - Gaoqing Yuan
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Pena R, Tibbett M. Mycorrhizal symbiosis and the nitrogen nutrition of forest trees. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:461. [PMID: 39249589 PMCID: PMC11384646 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-024-13298-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Terrestrial plants form primarily mutualistic symbiosis with mycorrhizal fungi based on a compatible exchange of solutes between plant and fungal partners. A key attribute of this symbiosis is the acquisition of soil nutrients by the fungus for the benefit of the plant in exchange for a carbon supply to the fungus. The interaction can range from mutualistic to parasitic depending on environmental and physiological contexts. This review considers current knowledge of the functionality of ectomycorrhizal (EM) symbiosis in the mobilisation and acquisition of soil nitrogen (N) in northern hemisphere forest ecosystems, highlighting the functional diversity of the fungi and the variation of symbiotic benefits, including the dynamics of N transfer to the plant. It provides an overview of recent advances in understanding 'mycorrhizal decomposition' for N release from organic or mineral-organic forms. Additionally, it emphasises the taxon-specific traits of EM fungi in soil N uptake. While the effects of EM communities on tree N are likely consistent across different communities regardless of species composition, the sink activities of various fungal taxa for tree carbon and N resources drive the dynamic continuum of mutualistic interactions. We posit that ectomycorrhizas contribute in a species-specific but complementary manner to benefit tree N nutrition. Therefore, alterations in diversity may impact fungal-plant resource exchange and, ultimately, the role of ectomycorrhizas in tree N nutrition. Understanding the dynamics of EM functions along the mutualism-parasitism continuum in forest ecosystems is essential for the effective management of ecosystem restoration and resilience amidst climate change. KEY POINTS: • Mycorrhizal symbiosis spans a continuum from invested to appropriated benefits. • Ectomycorrhizal fungal communities exhibit a high functional diversity. • Tree nitrogen nutrition benefits from the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodica Pena
- Department of Sustainable Land Management, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
- Department of Silviculture, Transilvania University of Brasov, Brasov, Romania.
| | - Mark Tibbett
- Department of Sustainable Land Management, School of Agriculture, Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fang J, Liu Z, Deng Y, Song B, Adams JM. Key microbial taxa play essential roles in maintaining soil muti-nutrient cycling following an extreme drought event in ecological buffer zones along the Yangtze River. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1460462. [PMID: 39297006 PMCID: PMC11408313 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1460462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Climatic extremes, especially extreme droughts, are occurring more frequently and profoundly impacting biogeochemical processes. However, the relative importance of microbial communities on soil nutrient cycling and community maintenance under natural extreme drought events remains elusive. During a record-breaking drought in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) in the summer of 2022, we collected ambient soils and drought-affected bare and vegetated soils in ecological buffer zones from two sites with similar soil and vegetation characteristics along the YRB, and examined the relative contribution of soil bacterial communities in supporting multi-nutrient cycling index (MNCI) involving carbon-, nitrate- and phosphorus-cycling and their associations with microbial network. Extreme drought decreased (p < 0.05) bacterial α-diversity but increased MNCI in vegetated soils at both sites, while both remained unchanged (p > 0.05) in bare soils, possibly as a result of vegetation releasing rhizodeposits under drought which selectively recruited bacterial communities. Bacterial community compositions were shifted (p < 0.05) only in vegetated soils, and they exerted more influence than α-diversity on soil MNCI. Notably, the Anaerolineae, identified as a biomarker enriched in vegetated soils, had close associations with enzyme activities and soil MNCI at both sites, suggesting their potential recruitment by vegetation to withstand drought. Furthermore, key ecological clusters (Module 1) in bacterial co-occurrence networks at both sites supported (p < 0.05) higher MNCI, despite no substantial variation in network structure due to drought. Specifically, the most important taxa within Module 1 for predicting soil MNCI revealed by random forest modeling analysis (R2 = 0.44 - 0.63, p < 0.001), such as B1-7BS, SBR1031 and Nocardioides, could be deeply involved in soil nitrogen-cycling, suggesting an essential role of specialized interactions of bacterial communities in maintaining soil multifunctionality. Overall, this study demonstrates that changes in biomarkers and functional taxa under extreme drought may better reflect the biological mechanisms involved in microbial communities impacting ecosystem function, which may aid in forecasting the ecological consequences of ongoing climate change in the ecological buffer zones along the YRB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fang
- School of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zihao Liu
- School of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongcui Deng
- School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Song
- School of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonathan M Adams
- School of Geography and Ocean Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang C, Cai Y, Zhao Q, He T, Mao T, Zhang T, Zhang L, Su W. The quantification of root exudation by an in-situ method based on root morphology over three incubation periods. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1423703. [PMID: 39220007 PMCID: PMC11361950 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1423703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Investigating the quantity and spatiotemporal dynamics of metabolite release from plant roots is essential if we are to understand the ecological significance of root exudates in the rhizosphere; however, this is difficult to quantify. In the present study, we quantified in situ root exudation rates during three incubation periods (0-24, 24-48, and 48-72 h) and fine roots within four diameter ranges (<0.8, 0.8-1.0, 1.0-1.2, and 1.2-2.0 mm), and also measured nine morphological traits in the fine roots of Pinus massoniana. Higher root carbon (C) exudation rates were detected during the 0-24 h period. During the 0-24 h and 24-48 h periods, nitrogen (N) uptake rates were higher than N exudation rates, while during the 48-72 h period, N exudation rates exceeded uptake rates. As C exudation increased during 0-48h incubation period, the uptake of N tended to level out. We concluded that the 24-48 h incubation period was the most suitable for capturing root exudates from P. massoniana. The exudation of C from the roots was positively associated with root mass, length, surface area, volume, the number of root tips, and the root tissue density, when incubated for 0-24 h and 24-48 h. Furthermore, length-specific C exudation rates, along with N exudation and uptake rates, all increased as the diameter of the fine roots increased. The release of root exudates could be efficiently predicted by the fine root morphological traits, although the accuracy of prediction depended on the incubation period. Higher values for fine root morphological traits were generally indicative of higher nutrient requirements and tissue investment, as well as higher C exudation rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengfu Zhang
- Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yinmei Cai
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qingxia Zhao
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tengbing He
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tianxu Mao
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Institute of New Rural Development, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Guizhou Academy of Testing and Analysis, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Weici Su
- Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sell M, Rohula-Okunev G, Kupper P, Ostonen I. Adapting to climate change: responses of fine root traits and C exudation in five tree species with different light-use strategy. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1389569. [PMID: 39086915 PMCID: PMC11289846 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1389569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Trees that are categorised by their light requirements have similarities in their growth strategies and adaptation mechanisms. We aimed to understand the complex responses of elevated air humidity on whole tree fine root carbon (C) exudation (ExC) and respiration rate, morphology, and functional distribution in species with different light requirements. Three light-demanding (LD) species, Populus × wettsteinii, Betula pendula, and Pinus sylvestris, and two shade-tolerant species, Picea abies and Tilia cordata saplings were grown in growth chambers under moderate and elevated air relative humidity (eRH) at two different inorganic nitrogen sources with constant air temperature and light availability. The proportion of assimilated carbon released by ExC, and respiration decreased at eRH; up to about 3 and 27%, respectively. There was an indication of a trade-off between fine root released C and biomass allocation. The elevated air humidity changed the tree biomass allocation and fine root morphology, and the responses were species-specific. The specific fine root area and absorptive root proportion were positively related to canopy net photosynthesis and leaf nitrogen concentration across tree species. The variation in ExC was explained by the trees' light-use strategy (p < 0.05), showing higher exudation rates in LD species. The LD species had a higher proportion of pioneer root tips, which related to the enhanced ExC. Our findings highlight the significant role of fine root functional distribution and morphological adaptation in determining rhizosphere C fluxes in changing environmental conditions such as the predicted increase of air humidity in higher latitudes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marili Sell
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Delaeter M, Magnin-Robert M, Randoux B, Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui A. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi as Biostimulant and Biocontrol Agents: A Review. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1281. [PMID: 39065050 PMCID: PMC11278648 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12071281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are soil microorganisms living in symbiosis with most terrestrial plants. They are known to improve plant tolerance to numerous abiotic and biotic stresses through the systemic induction of resistance mechanisms. With the aim of developing more sustainable agriculture, reducing the use of chemical inputs is becoming a major concern. After providing an overview on AMF history, phylogeny, development cycle and symbiosis benefits, the current review aims to explore the potential of AMF as biostimulants and/or biocontrol agents. Nowadays, AMF inoculums are already increasingly used as biostimulants, improving mineral nutrient plant acquisition. However, their role as a promising tool in the biocontrol market, as an alternative to chemical phytosanitary products, is underexplored and underdiscussed. Thus, in the current review, we will address the mechanisms of mycorrhized plant resistance to biotic stresses induced by AMF, and highlight the various factors in favor of inoculum application, but also the challenges that remain to be overcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui
- Unité de Chimie Environnementale et Interactions sur le Vivant (UCEIV, UR 4492), Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale, 50 Rue Ferdinand Buisson, 62228 Calais, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Celis M, Fernández-Alonso MJ, Belda I, García C, Ochoa-Hueso R, Palomino J, Singh BK, Yin Y, Wang JT, Abdala-Roberts L, Alfaro FD, Angulo-Pérez D, Arthikala MK, Corwin J, Gui-Lan D, Hernandez-Lopez A, Nanjareddy K, Pasari B, Quijano-Medina T, Rivera DS, Shaaf S, Trivedi P, Yang Q, Zaady E, Zhu YG, Delgado-Baquerizo M, Milla R, García-Palacios P. The abundant fraction of soil microbiomes regulates the rhizosphere function in crop wild progenitors. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14462. [PMID: 39031813 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The rhizosphere influence on the soil microbiome and function of crop wild progenitors (CWPs) remains virtually unknown, despite its relevance to develop microbiome-oriented tools in sustainable agriculture. Here, we quantified the rhizosphere influence-a comparison between rhizosphere and bulk soil samples-on bacterial, fungal, protists and invertebrate communities and on soil multifunctionality across nine CWPs at their sites of origin. Overall, rhizosphere influence was higher for abundant taxa across the four microbial groups and had a positive influence on rhizosphere soil organic C and nutrient contents compared to bulk soils. The rhizosphere influence on abundant soil microbiomes was more important for soil multifunctionality than rare taxa and environmental conditions. Our results are a starting point towards the use of CWPs for rhizosphere engineering in modern crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel de Celis
- Departamento de Suelo, Planta y Calidad Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Fernández-Alonso
- Area of Biodiversity and Conservation, Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
- Departamento de Geología y Geoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Belda
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Microbiology Unit, Faculty of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos García
- Department of Soil and Water Conservation and Organic Waste Management, CEBAS-CSIC, Murcia, Spain
| | - Raúl Ochoa-Hueso
- Department of Biology, IVAGRO, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Javier Palomino
- Area of Biodiversity and Conservation, Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Brajesh K Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-Tao Wang
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Luis Abdala-Roberts
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Fernando D Alfaro
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Angulo-Pérez
- Unidad de Recursos Naturales, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, A.C., Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Manoj-Kumar Arthikala
- Ciencias Agrogenómicas, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Jason Corwin
- Microbiome Network and Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Duan Gui-Lan
- State Key Lab of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Antonio Hernandez-Lopez
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Kalpana Nanjareddy
- Ciencias Agrogenómicas, Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad León-Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), León, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Babak Pasari
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Teresa Quijano-Medina
- Departamento de Ecología Tropical, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
| | - Daniela S Rivera
- GEMA Center for Genomics, Ecology and Environment, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Salar Shaaf
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Seeland, Germany
| | - Pankaj Trivedi
- Microbiome Network and Department of Agricultural Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Qingwen Yang
- National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Eli Zaady
- Department of Natural Resources, Agricultural Research Organization, Gilat Research Center, Institute of Plant Sciences, Mobile Post Negev, Israel
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China
| | - Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo
- Laboratorio de Biodiversidad y Funcionamiento Ecosistémico, Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (IRNAS), CSIC, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rubén Milla
- Area of Biodiversity and Conservation, Department of Biology and Geology, Physics and Inorganic Chemistry, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
- Global Change Research Institute, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Pablo García-Palacios
- Departamento de Suelo, Planta y Calidad Ambiental, Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Agbodjato NA, Babalola OO. Promoting sustainable agriculture by exploiting plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) to improve maize and cowpea crops. PeerJ 2024; 12:e16836. [PMID: 38638155 PMCID: PMC11025545 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Maize and cowpea are among the staple foods most consumed by most of the African population, and are of significant importance in food security, crop diversification, biodiversity preservation, and livelihoods. In order to satisfy the growing demand for agricultural products, fertilizers and pesticides have been extensively used to increase yields and protect plants against pathogens. However, the excessive use of these chemicals has harmful consequences on the environment and also on public health. These include soil acidification, loss of biodiversity, groundwater pollution, reduced soil fertility, contamination of crops by heavy metals, etc. Therefore, essential to find alternatives to promote sustainable agriculture and ensure the food and well-being of the people. Among these alternatives, agricultural techniques that offer sustainable, environmentally friendly solutions that reduce or eliminate the excessive use of agricultural inputs are increasingly attracting the attention of researchers. One such alternative is the use of beneficial soil microorganisms such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). PGPR provides a variety of ecological services and can play an essential role as crop yield enhancers and biological control agents. They can promote root development in plants, increasing their capacity to absorb water and nutrients from the soil, increase stress tolerance, reduce disease and promote root development. Previous research has highlighted the benefits of using PGPRs to increase agricultural productivity. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms of action of PGPRs and their exploitation as biofertilizers would present a promising prospect for increasing agricultural production, particularly in maize and cowpea, and for ensuring sustainable and prosperous agriculture, while contributing to food security and reducing the impact of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on the environment. Looking ahead, PGPR research should continue to deepen our understanding of these microorganisms and their impact on crops, with a view to constantly improving sustainable agricultural practices. On the other hand, farmers and agricultural industry players need to be made aware of the benefits of PGPRs and encouraged to adopt them to promote sustainable agricultural practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Adoukè Agbodjato
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng, North West, South Africa
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Typage Moléculaire en Microbiologie (LBTMM), Département de Biochimie et de Biologie Cellulaire, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Calavi, Benin
| | - Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
- Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Mafikeng, North West, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang C, Kuzyakov Y. Rhizosphere engineering for soil carbon sequestration. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 29:447-468. [PMID: 37867041 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2023.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The rhizosphere is the central hotspot of water and nutrient uptake by plants, rhizodeposition, microbial activities, and plant-soil-microbial interactions. The plasticity of plants offers possibilities to engineer the rhizosphere to mitigate climate change. We define rhizosphere engineering as targeted manipulation of plants, soil, microorganisms, and management to shift rhizosphere processes for specific aims [e.g., carbon (C) sequestration]. The rhizosphere components can be engineered by agronomic, physical, chemical, biological, and genomic approaches. These approaches increase plant productivity with a special focus on C inputs belowground, increase microbial necromass production, protect organic compounds and necromass by aggregation, and decrease C losses. Finally, we outline multifunctional options for rhizosphere engineering: how to boost C sequestration, increase soil health, and mitigate global change effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Wang
- Biogeochemistry of Agroecosystems, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu Z, Xiao M, Wu J, Tong Y, Ji J, Huang Q, Ding F, Ding J, Zhu Z, Chen J, Ge T. Effects of microplastics on photosynthesized C allocation in a rice-soil system and its utilization by soil microbial groups. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133540. [PMID: 38241834 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The effect of microplastics (MPs) on the allocation of rice photosynthetic carbon (C) in paddy systems and its utilization by soil microorganisms remain unclear. In this study, 13C-CO2 pulse labeling was used to quantify the input and allocation of photosynthetic C in a rice-soil system under MPs amendment. Rice was pulse-labeled at tillering growth stage under 0.01% and 1% w/w polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) MP amendments. Plants and soils were sampled 24 h after pulse labeling. Photosynthesized C in roots in MP treatments was 30-54% lower than that in no-MP treatments. The 13C in soil organic C (SOC) in PVC-MP-amended bulk soil was 4.3-4.7 times higher than that in no-MP treatments. PVC and high-dose PE increased the photosynthetic C in microbial biomass C in the rhizosphere soil. MPs altered the allocation of photosynthetic C to microbial phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) groups. High-dose PVC increased the 13C gram-positive PLFAs. Low-dose PE and high-dose PVC enhanced 13C in fungal PLFAs in bulk soil (including arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Zygomycota) by 175% and 197%, respectively. The results highlight that MPs alter plant C input and microbial utilization of rhizodeposits, thereby affecting the C cycle in paddy ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi'e Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Mouliang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jialing Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Yaoyao Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jianhong Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, School of Ecology & Environment, Hainan University, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Fan Ding
- College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110086, China
| | - Jina Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Zhenke Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Tida Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MARA and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rog I, Hilman B, Fox H, Yalin D, Qubaja R, Klein T. Increased belowground tree carbon allocation in a mature mixed forest in a dry versus a wet year. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e17172. [PMID: 38343030 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Tree species differ in their carbon (C) allocation strategies during environmental change. Disentangling species-specific strategies and contribution to the C balance of mixed forests requires observations at the individual tree level. We measured a complete set of C pools and fluxes at the tree level in five tree species, conifers and broadleaves, co-existing in a mature evergreen mixed Mediterranean forest. Our study period included a drought year followed by an above-average wet year, offering an opportunity to test the effect of water availability on tree C allocation. We found that in comparison to the wet year, C uptake was lower in the dry year, C use was the same, and allocation to belowground sinks was higher. Among the five major C sinks, respiration was the largest (ca. 60%), while root exudation (ca. 10%) and reproduction (ca. 2%) were those that increased the most in the dry year. Most trees relied on stored starch for maintaining a stable soluble sugars balance, but no significant differences were detected in aboveground storage between dry and wet years. The detailed tree-level analysis of nonstructural carbohydrates and δ13 C dynamics suggest interspecific differences in C allocation among fluxes and tissues, specifically in response to the varying water availability. Overall, our findings shed light on mixed forest physiological responses to drought, an increasing phenomenon under the ongoing climate change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ido Rog
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Boaz Hilman
- Department of Biogeochemical Processes, Max-Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
- The Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagar Fox
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - David Yalin
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rafat Qubaja
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tamir Klein
- Department of Plant & Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gou X, Hu Y, Ni H, Wang X, Qiu L, Chang X, Shao M, Wei G, Wei X. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alleviate erosional soil nitrogen loss by regulating nitrogen cycling genes and enzymes in experimental agro-ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167425. [PMID: 37774877 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient losses from agricultural ecosystems are increasingly threatening global environmental and human health. Although arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi have the potential to regulate soil nitrogen (N) loss by enhancing plant uptake and soil particle immobilization, the microbial mechanism behind such mycorrhizal effect is unknown. Herein, by conducting a simulated erosion experiment, we compared the effects of exogenous AM fungal inoculation (Funneliformis mosseae) on the gene abundances and enzyme activities of N-cycling processes, and associated such effect to N uptake and loss. The experiment was composed of combinations of two AM fungal treatments (control vs. AM fungal inoculation), two crops (maize vs. soybean) and two slopes of the plots (6° vs. 20°). The experimental plots subjected to natural rainfalls to simulate the erosion events. We showed that the effects of AM fungi were greater in the maize soils than in the soybean soils. In the maize soils, AM fungi increased the abundances of N-fixing (+81.1 %) and nitrifying genes (+200.7 %) and N cycling enzyme activity (+22.3 %). In the soybean soils, AM fungi increased the N-fixing gene abundance (+36.9 %) but decreased the abundance of nitrifying genes (-18.9 %). The abundance of N-fixing gene was positively correlated with N uptake but negatively correlated with N loss. Additionally, AM fungi enhanced the effects of mycorrhizal colonization and moisture but decreased the effects of nutrients on soil microbial metrics related to N-cycling processes. Therefore, AM fungal inoculation enhanced N uptake and reduced N loss by increasing N-fixing gene abundance, and that AM fungi should be preferably used for the low N environments or for the ecosystems highly limited by or competing for N.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, the Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaxian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, the Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Soil & Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Huaqian Ni
- College of Soil & Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- College of Soil & Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liping Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, the Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Soil & Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xingchen Chang
- College of Soil & Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mingan Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, the Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Soil & Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, the Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Soil & Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Xiaorong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, the Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; College of Soil & Water Conservation Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhai C, Han L, Xiong C, Ge A, Yue X, Li Y, Zhou Z, Feng J, Ru J, Song J, Jiang L, Yang Y, Zhang L, Wan S. Soil microbial diversity and network complexity drive the ecosystem multifunctionality of temperate grasslands under changing precipitation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167217. [PMID: 37751844 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Soil microbiomes play a critical role in regulating ecosystem multifunctionality. However, whether and how soil protists and microbiome interactions affect ecosystem multifunctionality under climate change is unclear. Here, we transplanted 54 soil monoliths from three typical temperate grasslands (i.e., desert, typical, and meadow steppes) along a precipitation gradient in the Mongolian Plateau and examined their response to nighttime warming, decreased, and increased precipitation. Across the three steppes, nighttime warming only stimulated protistan diversity by 15.61 (absolute change, phylogenetic diversity) but had no effect on ecosystem multifunctionality. Decreased precipitation reduced bacterial (8.78) and fungal (22.28) diversity, but significantly enhanced soil microbiome network complexity by 1.40. Ecosystem multifunctionality was reduced by 0.23 under decreased precipitation, which could be largely attributed to the reduced soil moisture that negatively impacted bacterial and fungal communities. In contrast, increased precipitation had little impact on soil microbial communities. Overall, both bacterial and fungal diversity and network complexity play a fundamental role in maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality in response to drought stress. Protists alter ecosystem multifunctionality by indirectly affecting microbial network complexity. Therefore, not only microbial diversity but also their interactions (regulated by soil protists) should be considered in evaluating the responses of ecosystem multifunctionality, which has important implications for predicting changes in ecosystem functioning under future climate change scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changchun Zhai
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lili Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chao Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Anhui Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaojing Yue
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Zhenxing Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Jiayin Feng
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Jingyi Ru
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Jian Song
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Yunfeng Yang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Limei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Shiqiang Wan
- School of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Santangeli M, Steininger-Mairinger T, Vetterlein D, Hann S, Oburger E. Maize (Zea mays L.) root exudation profiles change in quality and quantity during plant development - A field study. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 338:111896. [PMID: 37838155 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Deciphering root exudate composition of soil-grown plants is considered a crucial step to better understand plant-soil-microbe interactions affecting plant growth performance. In this study, two genotypes of Zea mays L. (WT, rth3) differing in root hair elongation were grown in the field in two substrates (sand, loam) in custom-made, perforated columns inserted into the field plots. Root exudates were collected at different plant developmental stages (BBCH 14, 19, 59, 83) using a soil-hydroponic-hybrid exudation sampling approach. Exudates were characterized by LC-MS based non-targeted metabolomics, as well as by photometric assays targeting total dissolved organic carbon, soluble carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids, and phenolics. Results showed that plant developmental stage was the main driver shaping both the composition and quantity of exuded compounds. Carbon (C) exudation per plant increased with increasing biomass production over time, while C exudation rate per cm² root surface area h-1 decreased with plant maturity. Furthermore, exudation rates were higher in the substrate with lower nutrient mobility (i.e., loam). Surprisingly, we observed higher exudation rates in the root hairless rth3 mutant compared to the root hair-forming WT sibling, though exudate metabolite composition remained similar. Our results highlight the impact of plant developmental stage on the plant-soil-microbe interplay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Santangeli
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria; University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Teresa Steininger-Mairinger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Doris Vetterlein
- Department of Soil System Science, UFZ, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany; Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Stephan Hann
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva Oburger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, 3430 Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kitz F, Wachter H, Spielmann F, Hammerle A, Wohlfahrt G. Root and rhizosphere contribution to the net soil COS exchange. PLANT AND SOIL 2023; 498:325-339. [PMID: 38665878 PMCID: PMC11039419 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-023-06438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Background and aims Partitioning the measured net ecosystem carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange into gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration remains a challenge, which scientists try to tackle by using the properties of the trace gas carbonyl sulfide (COS). Its similar pathway into and within the leaf makes it a potential photosynthesis proxy. The application of COS as an effective proxy depends, among other things, on a robust inventory of potential COS sinks and sources within ecosystems. While the soil received some attention during the last couple of years, the role of plant roots is mostly unknown. In our study, we investigated the effects of live roots on the soil COS exchange. Methods An experimental setup was devised to measure the soil and the belowground plant parts of young beech trees observed over the course of 9 months. Results During the growing season, COS emissions were significantly lower when roots were present compared to chambers only containing soil, while prior to the growing season, with photosynthetically inactive trees, the presence of roots increased COS emissions. The difference in the COS flux between root-influenced and uninfluenced soil was fairly constant within each month, with diurnal variations in the COS flux driven primarily by soil temperature changes rather than the presence or absence of roots. Conclusion While the mechanisms by which roots influence the COS exchange are largely unknown, their contribution to the overall ground surface COS exchange should not be neglected when quantifying the soil COS exchange. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11104-023-06438-0.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Florian Kitz
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ökologie, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
| | - Herbert Wachter
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ökologie, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
| | - Felix Spielmann
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ökologie, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
| | - Albin Hammerle
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ökologie, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
| | - Georg Wohlfahrt
- Universität Innsbruck, Institut für Ökologie, Sternwartestraße 15, Innsbruck, 6020 Austria
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pena R, Bluhm SL, Ammerschubert S, Agüi-Gonzalez P, Rizzoli SO, Scheu S, Polle A. Mycorrhizal C/N ratio determines plant-derived carbon and nitrogen allocation to symbiosis. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1230. [PMID: 38053000 PMCID: PMC10698078 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05591-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbon allocation of trees to ectomycorrhizas is thought to shape forest nutrient cycling, but the sink activities of different fungal taxa for host resources are unknown. Here, we investigate fungal taxon-specific differences in naturally composed ectomycorrhizal (EM) communities for plant-derived carbon and nitrogen. After aboveground dual labeling of young beech with 15N and 13C, ectomycorrhizas formed with different fungal taxa exhibit strong differences in label enrichment. Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) imaging of nitrogen in cross sections of ectomycorrhizas demonstrates plant-derived 15N in both root and fungal structures. Isotope enrichment in ectomycorrhizas correlates with that in the corresponding ectomycorrhiza-attached lateral root, supporting fungal taxon-specific N and C fluxes in ectomycorrhizas. The enrichments with 13C and 15N in the symbiosis decrease with increasing C/N ratio of ectomycorrhizas, converging to zero at high C/N. The relative abundances of EM fungal species on roots are positively correlated with 13C enrichment, demonstrating higher fitness of stronger than of less C-demanding symbioses. Overall, our results support that differences among the C/N ratios in ectomycorrhizas formed with different fungal species regulate the supply of the symbioses with host-derived carbon and provide insights on functional traits of ectomycorrhizas, which are important for major ecosystem processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rodica Pena
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Sustainable Land Management, School of Agriculture Policy and Development, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Sarah L Bluhm
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Animal Ecology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silke Ammerschubert
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Paola Agüi-Gonzalez
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology and Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silvio O Rizzoli
- Department of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology and Center for Biostructural Imaging of Neurodegeneration, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Scheu
- J.F. Blumenbach Institute of Zoology and Anthropology, Animal Ecology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Polle
- Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
- Centre for Biodiversity and Sustainable Land Use, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang S, Han Y, Wu X, Sun H. Metagenomics reveals the effects of glyphosate on soil microbial communities and functional profiles of C and P cycling in the competitive vegetation control process of Chinese fir plantation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117162. [PMID: 37722584 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
Although considerable efforts have been devoted to investigate the behavior of glyphosate on microbiome in various environment, knowledge about the soil microbial community and functional profile in weeds control process of the Chinese fir plantation are limited. In this study, shotgun metagenomic sequencing was used to determine the abundance and diversity of microbial communities and functional genes after foliar application of glyphosate for 1, 2, 3 and 4 months in a Chinese fir plantation. The results showed that glyphosate increased the copy numbers (qPCR) of 16S rRNA gene for 16.9%, improved the bacterial diversity (Shannon index) and complexity of bacterial co-occurrence network, and changed the abundances of some bacterial and fungal taxa, but had no effects on ITS gene copy numbers, fungal Shannon index, and bacterial and fungal communities (PCoA). Glyphosate application significantly decreased the amount of microbial function potentials involved in organic P mineralization for 10.7%, chitin degradation for 13.1%, and CAZy gene families with an exception of PL for 11.5% at the first month, while did not affect the profile of microbial genes response to P and C cycling in longer term. In addition, glyphosate reduced the contents of soil TOC, DOC and NH4+-H for 17.6%, 52.3% and 44.6% respectively, and decreased the starch, soluble sugar, Zn and Fe of Chinese fir leaves for 20.6%, 19.8%, 32.8% and 48.4% respectively. Mantle test, Spearman's correlation, and PLS-PM model revealed the connections among soil properties, tree nutrients, bacterial and fungal communities, and microbial function potentials were influenced by glyphosate. While our findings need to be validated in other filed and mechanistic studies, they may indicate that the foliar application of glyphosate has a potential effect on Chinese fir seedlings, and this effect may contribute to the changes of the bacterial community and soil properties including AN, DON and NH4+-H.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry of Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311400, China
| | - Yuanyuan Han
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry of Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311400, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Experimental Center of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Fenyi, 336600, China
| | - Honggang Sun
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry of Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311400, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Guo Y, Lu Y, Eltohamy KM, Liu C, Fang Y, Guan Y, Liu B, Yang J, Liang X. Contribution of Biogas Slurry-Derived Colloids to Plant P Uptake and Phosphatase Activities: Spatiotemporal Response. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:16564-16574. [PMID: 37862689 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c05108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The bioavailability for varied-size phosphorus (P)-binding colloids (Pcoll) especially from external P sources in soil terrestrial ecosystems remains unclear. This study evaluated the differential contribution of various-sized biogas slurry (BS)-derived colloids to plant available P uptake in the rhizosphere and the corresponding patterns of phosphatase response. Keeping the same content of total P input (15 mg kg-1), we applied different size-fractioned BS-derived colloids including nanosized colloids (NCs, 1-20 nm), fine-sized colloids (FCs, 20-220 nm), and medium-sized colloids (MCs, 220-450 nm) respectively to conduct a 45-day rice (Oryza sativa L.) rhizotron experiment. During the whole cultivation period, the dynamics of chemical characteristics and P fractions in each experimental rhizosphere soil solution were analyzed. The spatial and temporal dynamics examination of P-transforming enzymes (acid phosphatases) in the rice rhizosphere was visualized by a soil zymography technique after 5, 25, and 45 days of rice transplantation. The results indicated that the acid phosphatase activities and its hot spot areas were significantly 1) correlated with the relative bioavailability of colloidal P (RBAcoll), 2) increased with the colloid-free (truly dissolved P) and BS-derived NC addition, and 3) affected by the plant growth stage. With the nanosized BS colloid addition, the RBAcoll and plant biomass were respectively found to be the highest (64% and 1.22 g plant-1), in which the acid phosphatase-catalyzed hydrolysis of organic Pcoll played an important role. All of the above suggested that nanosized BS-derived colloids are an effective alternative to conventional phosphorus fertilizer for promoting plant P uptake and P bioavailability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-Security of Ministry of Water Resources, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuanyuan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-Security of Ministry of Water Resources, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kamel Mohamed Eltohamy
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-Security of Ministry of Water Resources, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Water Relations & Field Irrigation, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Chunlong Liu
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yunying Fang
- Australian Rivers Institute and School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Nathan Campus, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Yajing Guan
- Seed Science Center, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province 310058, China
| | - Boyi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-Security of Ministry of Water Resources, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-Security of Ministry of Water Resources, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xinqiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Water Eco-Security of Ministry of Water Resources, College of Environmental and Resources Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Graf M, Greenfield LM, Reay MK, Bargiela R, Williams GB, Onyije C, Lloyd CEM, Bull ID, Evershed RP, Golyshin PN, Chadwick DR, Jones DL. Increasing concentration of pure micro- and macro-LDPE and PP plastic negatively affect crop biomass, nutrient cycling, and microbial biomass. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131932. [PMID: 37390687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the last 50 years, the intense use of agricultural plastic in the form of mulch films has led to an accumulation of plastic in soil, creating a legacy of plastic in agricultural fields. Plastic often contains additives, however it is still largely unknown how these compounds affect soil properties, potentially influencing or masking effects of the plastic itself. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pure plastics of varying sizes and concentrations, to improve our understanding of plastic-only interactions within soil-plant mesocosms. Maize (Zea mays L.) was grown over eight weeks following the addition of micro and macro low-density polyethylene and polypropylene at increasing concentrations (equivalent to 1, 10, 25, and 50 years mulch film use) and the effects of plastic on key soil and plant properties were measured. We found the effect of both macro and microplastic on soil and plant health is negligible in the short-term (1 to <10 years). However, ≥ 10 years of plastic application for both plastic types and sizes resulted in a clear negative effect on plant growth and microbial biomass. This study provides vital insight into the effect of both macro and microplastics on soil and plant properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martine Graf
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK.
| | - Lucy M Greenfield
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Michaela K Reay
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Rafael Bargiela
- Centre of Environmental Biotechnology, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Gwion B Williams
- Centre of Environmental Biotechnology, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Charles Onyije
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Charlotte E M Lloyd
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Ian D Bull
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Richard P Evershed
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, UK
| | - Peter N Golyshin
- Centre of Environmental Biotechnology, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - David R Chadwick
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Davey L Jones
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK; Centre of Environmental Biotechnology, Bangor University, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK; SoilsWest, Centre for Sustainable Farming Systems, Food Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jin EJ, Yoon JH, Lee H, Kwon HY, Shin HN, Yong SH, Choi MS. Effects of Drip Irrigation-Fertilization on Growth, Flowering, Photosynthesis and Nutrient Absorption of Containerized Seedlings of Hibiscus syriacus L. (Haeoreum). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2293. [PMID: 37375918 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The amount of irrigation and fertilization should be considered first for the production and standardization of high-quality H. syriacus L. seedlings using container seedlings. This study was conducted to investigate the optimal conditions suitable for container cultivation of hibiscus by analyzing growth and physiological responses according to the control of irrigation and fertilization. Therefore, in this study, H. syriacus L. for. Haeoreum (3-year-old hardwood cutting propagation), a fast-growing, was transplanted into a 40 L container. The irrigation amount per container was adjusted (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 ton/yr/tree), and the amount of fertilizer applied (0, 69.0, 138.0 and 207.0 g/yr/tree). The growth rate according to the irrigation-fertilization treatment was higher in the 0.3 ton-138.0 g/yr/tree irrigation-fertilization treatment (p < 0.001). Total biomass yield and seedling quality index (SQI) were highest in the 0.3 ton-138.0 g/yr/tree irrigation-fertilization treatment (p < 0.001). The higher the fertilization concentration, the faster the flowering and the longer the flowering. The photosynthetic capacity of H. syriacus L. was reduced in bare root seedling cultivation and container-non-fertilized treatment. The chlorophyll fluorescence response was also affected by bare root cultivation and containerized seedling cultivation fertilization. Nutrient vector diagnosis showed "nutritional suitability" in the 0.3 ton-138.0 g/yr/tree treatment. Overall, containerized seedling cultivation was superior in growth, photosynthetic performance, photochemical efficiency, and nutrient storage capacity compared to bare root cultivation. These results be expected to contribute not only to the industrial production of excellent container seedlings of H. syriacus L. but also to the production of other woody plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eon-Ju Jin
- Forest Biomaterials Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Jinju 52817, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hyuck Yoon
- Forest Biomaterials Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Jinju 52817, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeok Lee
- Forest Biomaterials Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Jinju 52817, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae-Yun Kwon
- Forest Medicinal Resources Research Center, National Institute of Forest Science, Yeongju 36040, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Na Shin
- Division of Special Forest Resources, Department of Forest Bio-Resources, National Institute of Forest Science, Suwon 16631, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Hyeon Yong
- Division of Forest Environmental Resources and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Suk Choi
- Division of Forest Environmental Resources and Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jiang Z, Fu Y, Zhou L, He Y, Zhou G, Dietrich P, Long J, Wang X, Jia S, Ji Y, Jia Z, Song B, Liu R, Zhou X. Plant growth strategy determines the magnitude and direction of drought-induced changes in root exudates in subtropical forests. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:3476-3488. [PMID: 36931867 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Root exudates are an important pathway for plant-microbial interactions and are highly sensitive to climate change. However, how extreme drought affects root exudates and the main components, as well as species-specific differences in response magnitude and direction, are poorly understood. In this study, root exudation rates of total carbon (C) and its components (e.g., sugar, organic acid, and amino acid) were measured under the control and extreme drought treatments (i.e., 70% throughfall reduction) by in situ collection of four tree species with different growth rates in a subtropical forest. We also quantified soil properties, root morphological traits, and mycorrhizal infection rates to examine the driving factors underlying variations in root exudation. Our results showed that extreme drought significantly decreased root exudation rates of total C, sugar, and amino acid by 17.8%, 30.8%, and 35.0%, respectively, but increased root exudation rate of organic acid by 38.6%, which were largely associated with drought-induced changes in tree growth rates, root morphological traits, and mycorrhizal infection rates. Specifically, trees with relatively high growth rates were more responsive to drought for root exudation rates compared with those with relatively low growth rates, which were closely related to root morphological traits and mycorrhizal infection rates. These findings highlight the importance of plant growth strategy in mediating drought-induced changes in root exudation rates. The coordinations among root exudation rates, root morphological traits, and mycorrhizal symbioses in response to drought could be incorporated into land surface models to improve the prediction of climate change impacts on rhizosphere C dynamics in forest ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jiang
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Fu
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyan Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanghui He
- Northeast Asia Ecosystem Carbon Sink Research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Guiyao Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Dietrich
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jilan Long
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxian Jia
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhuang Ji
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhen Jia
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingqian Song
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruiqiang Liu
- Northeast Asia Ecosystem Carbon Sink Research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xuhui Zhou
- Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, Tiantong National Field Station for Forest Ecosystem, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
- Northeast Asia Ecosystem Carbon Sink Research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen Y, Zhen Z, Li G, Li H, Wei T, Huang F, Li T, Yang C, Ren L, Liang Y, Lin Z, Zhang D. Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) degradation and microbial community change in mangrove rhizosphere gradients. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 871:162022. [PMID: 36775151 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) is a widespread persistent organic pollutant in the environment. As an ultimate barrier preventing pollutant entry into the ocean, mangrove plays an important role in coastal ecosystem. However, little information is known about DEHP degradation in mangrove rhizosphere. In this study, a rhizobox was used to separate four consecutive rhizosphere compartments with distance of 0-2, 2-4, 4-6, and > 6 mm to the rhizoplane of Kandelia obovata and investigate DEHP gradient degradation behavior in rhizosphere. Sediments closer to the rhizoplane exhibited higher DEHP degradation efficiencies (74.4 % in 0-2 mm layer). More precisely, mangrove rhizosphere promoted the benzoic acid pathway and non-selectively accelerated the production of mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, phthalic acid and benzoic acid. Higher sediment organic matter content, lower pH and less humus in rhizosphere benefited DEHP hydrolysis. In addition, rhizosphere significantly increased microbial biomass and activities comparing to bulk sediments. Some bacterial lineages with potential DEHP degradation capability exhibited a distance-dependent pattern that decreased with the distance to the rhizoplane, including Bacillales, Acidothermaceae, Gammaproteobacteria, and Sphingobacteriales. Our findings suggested that mangrove rhizosphere could accelerate DEHP degradation by altering sediment physicochemical properties and microbial composition, showing positive effects on coastal ecosystem services for eliminating phthalate acid ester contamination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Chen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Zhen Zhen
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Gaoyang Li
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Huijun Li
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Ting Wei
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Fengcheng Huang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Changhong Yang
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Lei Ren
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Yanqiu Liang
- Faculty of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
| | - Zhong Lin
- College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, PR China.
| | - Dayi Zhang
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, PR China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zandi P, Xia X, Yang J, Liu J, Remusat L, Rumpel C, Bloem E, Krasny BB, Schnug E. Speciation and distribution of chromium (III) in rice root tip and mature zone: The significant impact of root exudation and iron plaque on chromium bioavailability. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 448:130992. [PMID: 36860064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.130992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Evidence on the contribution of root regions with varied maturity levels in iron plaque (IP) formation and root exudation of metabolites and their consequences for uptake and bioavailability of chromium (Cr) remains unknown. Therefore, we applied combined nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) and synchrotron-based techniques, micro-X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) and micro-X-ray absorption near-edge structure (µ-XANES) to examine the speciation and localisation of Cr and the distribution of (micro-) nutrients in rice root tip and mature region. µ-XRF mapping revealed that the distribution of Cr and (micro-) nutrients varied between root regions. Cr K-edge XANES analysis at Cr hotspots attributed the dominant speciation of Cr in outer (epidermal and sub-epidermal) cell layers of the root tips and mature root to Cr(III)-FA (fulvic acid-like anions) (58-64%) and Cr(III)-Fh (amorphous ferrihydrite) (83-87%) complexes, respectively. The co-occurrence of a high proportion of Cr(III)-FA species and strong co-location signals of 52Cr16O and 13C14N in the mature root epidermis relative to the sub-epidermis indicated an association of Cr with active root surfaces, where the dissolution of IP and release of their associated Cr are likely subject to the mediation of organic anions. The results of NanoSIMS (poor 52Cr16O and 13C14N signals), dissolution (no IP dissolution) and µ-XANES (64% in sub-epidermis >58% in the epidermis for Cr(III)-FA species) analyses of root tips may be indicative of the possible re-uptake of Cr by this region. The results of this research work highlight the significance of IP and organic anions in rice root systems on the bioavailability and dynamics of heavy metals (e.g. Cr).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiman Zandi
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China; International Faculty of Applied Technology, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Xing Xia
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianjun Yang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jin Liu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
| | - Laurent Remusat
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle; Institut de Minéralogie, Physique des Matériaux et Cosmochimie; CNRS UMR 7590; Sorbonne Université; 61 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Cornelia Rumpel
- Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris (IEES), UMR CNRS 7618, IRD 242, INRAE 1392, Université Paris Est Créteil, Sorbonne Université, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Elke Bloem
- Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Crop and Soil Science, Bundesallee 69, 38116, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Beata Barabasz Krasny
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology and Earth Science, Pedagogical University of Krakow, Podchorążych 2 St., 30-084 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewald Schnug
- Institute for Plant Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Technical University of Braunschweig, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Huang H, Liu S, Du Y, Tang J, Hu L, Chen X. Carbon allocation mediated by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alters the soil microbial community under various phosphorus levels. FUNGAL ECOL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2023.101227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
|
25
|
Zhang K, Rengel Z, Zhang F, White PJ, Shen J. Rhizosphere engineering for sustainable crop production: entropy-based insights. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 28:390-398. [PMID: 36470795 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2022.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in exploring interactions at root-soil interface in natural and agricultural ecosystems, but an entropy-based understanding of these dynamic rhizosphere processes is lacking. We have developed a new conceptual model of rhizosphere regulation by localized nutrient supply using thermodynamic entropy. Increased nutrient-use efficiency is achieved by rhizosphere management based on self-organization and minimized entropy via equilibrium attractors comprising (i) optimized root strategies for nutrient acquisition and (ii) improved information exchange related to root-soil-microbe interactions. The cascading effects through different hierarchical levels amplify the underlying processes in plant-soil system. We propose a strategy for manipulating rhizosphere dynamics and improving nutrient-use efficiency by localized nutrient supply with minimization of entropy to underpin sustainable food/feed/fiber production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zed Rengel
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Philip J White
- Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Jianbo Shen
- Centre for Resources, Environment and Food Security, Department of Plant Nutrition, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Patel JS, Selvaraj V, More P, Bahmani R, Borza T, Prithiviraj B. A Plant Biostimulant from Ascophyllum nodosum Potentiates Plant Growth Promotion and Stress Protection Activity of Pseudomonas protegens CHA0. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1208. [PMID: 36986897 PMCID: PMC10053968 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, including salinity stress, affect numerous crops, causing yield reduction, and, as a result, important economic losses. Extracts from the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum (ANE), and compounds secreted by the Pseudomonas protegens strain, CHA0, can mitigate these effects by inducing tolerance against salt stress. However, the influence of ANE on P. protegens CHA0 secretion, and the combined effects of these two biostimulants on plant growth, are not known. Fucoidan, alginate, and mannitol are abundant components of brown algae and of ANE. Reported here are the effects of a commercial formulation of ANE, fucoidan, alginate, and mannitol, on pea (Pisum sativum), and on the plant growth-promoting activity of P. protegens CHA0. In most situations, ANE and fucoidan increased indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production by P. protegens CHA0. Colonization of pea roots by P. protegens CHA0 was found to be increased mostly by ANE and fucoidan in normal conditions and under salt stress. Applications of P. protegens CHA0 combined with ANE, or with fucoidan, alginate, and mannitol, generally augmented root and shoot growth in normal and salinity stress conditions. Real-time quantitative PCR analyses of P. protegens revealed that, in many instances, ANE and fucoidan enhanced the expression of several genes involved in chemotaxis (cheW and WspR), pyoverdine production (pvdS), and HCN production (hcnA), but gene expression patterns overlapped only occasionally those of growth-promoting parameters. Overall, the increased colonization and the enhanced activities of P. protegens CHA0 in the presence of ANE and its components mitigated salinity stress in pea. Among treatments, ANE and fucoidan were found responsible for most of the increased activities of P. protegens CHA0 and the improved plant growth.
Collapse
|
27
|
Guo W, Zhang J, Li MH, Qi L. Soil fungal community characteristics vary with bamboo varieties and soil compartments. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1120679. [PMID: 36814565 PMCID: PMC9939831 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1120679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil fungi play an important role in nutrient cycling, mycorrhizal symbiosis, antagonism against pathogens, and organic matter decomposition. However, our knowledge about the community characteristics of soil fungi in relation to bamboo varieties is still limited. Here, we compared the fungal communities in different soil compartments (rhizosphere vs. bulk soil) of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) and its four varieties using ITS high-throughput sequencing technology. The fungal α diversity (Shannon index) in bulk soil was significantly higher than that in rhizosphere soil, but it was not affected by bamboo variety or interactions between the soil compartment and bamboo variety. Soil compartment and bamboo variety together explained 31.74% of the variation in fungal community diversity. Soil compartment and bamboo variety were the key factors affecting the relative abundance of the major fungal taxa at the phylum and genus levels. Soil compartment mainly affected the relative abundance of the dominant fungal phylum, while bamboo variety primarily influenced the dominant fungal genus. Network analysis showed that the fungal network in rhizosphere soil was more complex, stable, and connected than that in bulk soil. A FUNGuild database analysis indicated that both soil compartment and bamboo variety affect fungal functions. Our findings provide new insights into the roles of both soil compartments and plant species (including variety) in shaping soil fungal communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China,Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Mai-He Li
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland,Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China,School of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China,*Correspondence: Mai-He Li,
| | - Lianghua Qi
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China,Sanya Research Base, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Sanya, China,Lianghua Qi,
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li B, Liu X, Zhu D, Su H, Guo K, Sun G, Li X, Sun L. Crop diversity promotes the recovery of fungal communities in saline-alkali areas of the Western Songnen Plain. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1091117. [PMID: 36819047 PMCID: PMC9930164 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1091117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Phytoremediation is an effective strategy for saline land restoration. In the Western Songnen Plain, northeast China, soil fungal community recovery for saline phytoremediation has not been well documented among different cropping patterns. In this study, we tested how rotation, mixture, and monoculture cropping patterns impact fungal communities in saline-alkali soils to assess the variability between cropping patterns. Methods The fungal communities of the soils of the different cropping types were determined using Illumina Miseq sequencing. Results Mixture and rotation promoted an increase in operational taxonomic unit (OTU) richness, and OTU richness in the mixture system decreased with increasing soil depth. A principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) showed that cropping patterns and soil depths influenced the structure of fungal communities, which may be due to the impact of soil chemistry. This was reflected by soil total nitrogen (TN) and electrical conductivity (EC) being the key factors driving OTU richness, while soil available potassium (AK) and total phosphorus (TP) were significantly correlated with the relative abundance of fungal dominant genus. The relative abundance of Leptosphaerulina, Alternaria, Myrothecium, Gibberella, and Tetracladium varied significantly between cropping patterns, and Leptosphaerulina was significantly associated with soil chemistry. Soil depth caused significant differences in the relative abundance of Fusarium in rotation and mixture soils, with Fusarium more commonly active at 0-15 cm deep soil. Null-model analysis revealed that the fungal community assembly of the mixture soils in 0-15 cm deep soil was dominated by deterministic processes, unlike the other two cropping patterns. Furthermore, fungal symbiotic networks were more complex in rotation and mixture than in monoculture soils, reflected in more nodes, more module hubs, and connectors. The fungal networks in rotation and mixture soils were more stable than in monoculture soils, and mixture networks were obviously more connected than rotations. FUNGuild showed that the relative proportion of saprotroph in rotation and mixture was significantly higher than that in monocultures. The highest proportion of pathotroph and symbiotroph was exhibited in rotation and mixture soils, respectively. Discussion Overall, mixture is superior to crop rotation and monocultures in restoring fungal communities of the saline-alkali soils of the Western Songnen Plain, northeast China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Dan Zhu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Heng Su
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Kaiwen Guo
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guangyu Sun
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China,*Correspondence: Xin Li, ✉
| | - Lei Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China,Lei Sun, ✉
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lv C, Wang C, Cai A, Zhou Z. Global magnitude of rhizosphere effects on soil microbial communities and carbon cycling in natural terrestrial ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:158961. [PMID: 36155049 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The rhizosphere is one of the most dynamic interfaces on the Earth. Understanding the magnitudes of rhizosphere effects (RE, difference in bio-physicochemical properties between rhizosphere and bulk soils) on soil microbial communities and their moderators is important for studying on below-ground carbon (C) cycling. A comprehensive meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the REs on soil microbial biomass, community structure, respiration, and C-degrading enzymes. We found that REs on soil C and nutrients, total microbial biomass, the abundance of specific microbial groups, fungi to bacteria ratio, respiration, and C-degrading enzymes were positive, but the magnitudes were varied with biomes, plant functional types, and mycorrhizal types. REs on microbial biomass, respiration, and C-degrading enzymes increased with the increase of mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation, but decreased with the increase of soil clay, C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) contents. The REs on microbial biomass and respiration also increased as the REs on soil C:N:P increased. Compared with bulk soil, per unit rhizosphere soil C supported more microbial biomass, per unit of which respired more C, leading to faster C decomposition in rhizosphere. Our findings indicate that the increase in microbial biomass, co-metabolism induced by labile and energy-rich organic C of root exudates, and overflow respiration induced by stoichiometric imbalance together contribute to the enhanced C decomposition in rhizosphere. The global pattern of REs on soil microbial communities is critical to revealing the plant-microbe-soil interactions in terrestrial ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Lv
- Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chuankuan Wang
- Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Andong Cai
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 10081, China
| | - Zhenghu Zhou
- Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Capri C, Gatti M, Fiorini A, Ardenti F, Tabaglio V, Poni S. A comparative study of fifteen cover crop species for orchard soil management: water uptake, root density traits and soil aggregate stability. Sci Rep 2023; 13:721. [PMID: 36639732 PMCID: PMC9839681 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27915-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing the use of cover crops (CCs) is a necessity in sustainable viticulture, although it might clash with possible excessive competition towards vines. Especially in a climate-change scenario, the latter feature should be minimized while maintaining ecosystem services. Aimed at identifying CCs for vineyard floor management, the trial characterized several species according to their evapotranspiration (ET) rates, root growth patterns, and soil aggregate stability potential. The study was performed in 2020 in Piacenza (Northern Italy) on 15 CC species grown in pots kept outdoor and classified as grasses (GR), legumes (LE) and creeping (CR). Together with bare soil (control), they were arranged in a complete randomized block design. CCs ET was assessed through a gravimetric method, starting before mowing and then repeated 2, 8, 17 and 25 days thereafter. Above-ground dry biomass (ADW), root length density (RLD), root dry weight (RDW) and root diameter class length (DCL) were measured, and mean weight diameter (MWD) was calculated within 0-20 cm depth. Before mowing, ET was the highest in LE (18.6 mm day-1) and the lowest in CR (8.1 mm day-1) the latter being even lower than the control (8.5 mm day-1). The high ET rates shown by LE were mainly related to very fast development after sowing, rather than to a higher transpiration per unit of leaf area. After mowing, the 15 species' ET reduction (%) plotted vs leaf area index (LAI, m2 m-2) yielded a very close fit (R2 = 0.94), suggesting that (i) a linear decrease in water use is expected anytime starting with an initial LAI of 5-6, (ii) a saturation effect seems to be reached beyond this limit. Selection of cover crop species to be used in the vineyard was mainly based on diurnal and seasonal water use rates as well as dynamic and extent of root growth patterns. Among GR, Festuca ovina stood out as the one with the lowest ET due to its "dwarfing" characteristics, making it suitable for a permanent inter-row covering. CR species confirmed their potential for under-vine grassing, assuring rapid soil coverage, lowest ET rates, and shallow root colonization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Capri
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy.
| | - Matteo Gatti
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorini
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Federico Ardenti
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Tabaglio
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Stefano Poni
- Department of Sustainable Crop Production, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Park I, Seo YS, Mannaa M. Recruitment of the rhizo-microbiome army: assembly determinants and engineering of the rhizosphere microbiome as a key to unlocking plant potential. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1163832. [PMID: 37213524 PMCID: PMC10196466 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1163832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The viable community of microorganisms in the rhizosphere significantly impacts the physiological development and vitality of plants. The assembly and functional capacity of the rhizosphere microbiome are greatly influenced by various factors within the rhizosphere. The primary factors are the host plant genotype, developmental stage and status, soil properties, and resident microbiota. These factors drive the composition, dynamics, and activity of the rhizosphere microbiome. This review addresses the intricate interplay between these factors and how it facilitates the recruitment of specific microbes by the host plant to support plant growth and resilience under stress. This review also explores current methods for engineering and manipulating the rhizosphere microbiome, including host plant-mediated manipulation, soil-related methods, and microbe-mediated methods. Advanced techniques to harness the plant's ability to recruit useful microbes and the promising use of rhizo-microbiome transplantation are highlighted. The goal of this review is to provide valuable insights into the current knowledge, which will facilitate the development of cutting-edge strategies for manipulating the rhizosphere microbiome for enhanced plant growth and stress tolerance. The article also indicates promising avenues for future research in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inmyoung Park
- School of Food and Culinary Arts, Youngsan University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Su Seo
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- *Correspondence: Young-Su Seo
| | - Mohamed Mannaa
- Department of Integrated Biological Science, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Mohamed Mannaa
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Wen X, Wang X, Ye M, Liu H, He W, Wang Y, Li T, Zhao K, Hou G, Chen G, Li X, Fan C. Response strategies of fine root morphology of Cupressus funebris to the different soil environment. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1077090. [PMID: 36618632 PMCID: PMC9811150 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1077090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding fine root morphology is crucial to uncover water and nutrient acquisition and transposition of fine roots. However, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding how the soil environment affects the fine root morphology of various root orders in the stable forest ecosystem. Therefore, this experiment assessed the response strategies of fine root morphology (first- to fifth -order fine roots) in four different soil environments. The results showed that fine root morphology was related to soil environment, and there were significant differences in specific root length (SRL), specific surface area (SRA), diameter (D), and root tissue density (RTD) of first- and second -order fine roots. Soil total nitrogen (TN), alkaline nitrogen (AN) and available phosphorus (AP) were positively correlated with SRL and SRA and negatively correlated with D and RTD. Soil moisture (SW) was positively correlated with the D and RTD of first- and second-order fine roots and negatively correlated with the SRL and SRA. Soil temperature (ST), organic carbon (OC), soil bulk density (SBD) and soil porosity (SP) were not significantly correlated with the D, SRL, SRA, and RTD of the first- and second -order fine roots. AN was positively correlated with SRL and SRA and negatively correlated with both D and RTD in the first- and second -order fine roots, and the correlation coefficient was very significant. Therefore, we finally concluded that soil AN was the most critical factor affecting root D, SRL, SRA and RTD of fine roots, and mainly affected the morphology of first- and second -order fine roots. In conclusion, our research provides support for understanding the relationship between fine root morphology and soil environment, and indicates that soil nutrient gradient forms good root morphology at intraspecific scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Wen
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengting Ye
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai Liu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenchun He
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianyi Li
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuangji Zhao
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Guirong Hou
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Chen
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianwei Li
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Chuan Fan
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River and Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Henneron L, Balesdent J, Alvarez G, Barré P, Baudin F, Basile-Doelsch I, Cécillon L, Fernandez-Martinez A, Hatté C, Fontaine S. Bioenergetic control of soil carbon dynamics across depth. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7676. [PMID: 36509763 PMCID: PMC9744916 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34951-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil carbon dynamics is strongly controlled by depth globally, with increasingly slow dynamics found at depth. The mechanistic basis remains however controversial, limiting our ability to predict carbon cycle-climate feedbacks. Here we combine radiocarbon and thermal analyses with long-term incubations in absence/presence of continuously 13C/14C-labelled plants to show that bioenergetic constraints of decomposers consistently drive the depth-dependency of soil carbon dynamics over a range of mineral reactivity contexts. The slow dynamics of subsoil carbon is tightly related to both its low energy density and high activation energy of decomposition, leading to an unfavourable 'return-on-energy-investment' for decomposers. We also observe strong acceleration of millennia-old subsoil carbon decomposition induced by roots ('rhizosphere priming'), showing that sufficient supply of energy by roots is able to alleviate the strong energy limitation of decomposition. These findings demonstrate that subsoil carbon persistence results from its poor energy quality together with the lack of energy supply by roots due to their low density at depth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Henneron
- grid.494717.80000000115480420INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France ,grid.460771.30000 0004 1785 9671Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INRAE, ECODIV, Rouen, France
| | - Jerôme Balesdent
- grid.498067.40000 0001 0845 4216Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Gaël Alvarez
- grid.494717.80000000115480420INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Pierre Barré
- grid.503359.90000 0001 2240 9892Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, IPSL, Université PSL, Laboratoire de Géologie, Paris, France
| | - François Baudin
- grid.483106.80000 0004 0366 7783CNRS, Sorbonne Université, ISTeP, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Basile-Doelsch
- grid.498067.40000 0001 0845 4216Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, CEREGE, Aix en Provence, France
| | - Lauric Cécillon
- grid.460771.30000 0004 1785 9671Normandie Université, UNIROUEN, INRAE, ECODIV, Rouen, France ,grid.503359.90000 0001 2240 9892Ecole normale supérieure, CNRS, IPSL, Université PSL, Laboratoire de Géologie, Paris, France
| | - Alejandro Fernandez-Martinez
- grid.461907.dUniversité Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, IRD, IFSTTAR, ISTerre, Grenoble, France
| | - Christine Hatté
- grid.457340.10000 0001 0584 9722CEA, CNRS, UVSQ, Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement, Gif-sur-Yvette, France ,grid.425078.c0000 0004 0634 2386CSE, Silesian University of Technology, Institute of Physics, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Sébastien Fontaine
- grid.494717.80000000115480420INRAE, VetAgro Sup, Université Clermont Auvergne, UMR Ecosystème Prairial, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Whalen ED, Grandy AS, Sokol NW, Keiluweit M, Ernakovich J, Smith RG, Frey SD. Clarifying the evidence for microbial- and plant-derived soil organic matter, and the path toward a more quantitative understanding. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2022; 28:7167-7185. [PMID: 36043234 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Predicting and mitigating changes in soil carbon (C) stocks under global change requires a coherent understanding of the factors regulating soil organic matter (SOM) formation and persistence, including knowledge of the direct sources of SOM (plants vs. microbes). In recent years, conceptual models of SOM formation have emphasized the primacy of microbial-derived organic matter inputs, proposing that microbial physiological traits (e.g., growth efficiency) are dominant controls on SOM quantity. However, recent quantitative studies have challenged this view, suggesting that plants make larger direct contributions to SOM than is currently recognized by this paradigm. In this review, we attempt to reconcile these perspectives by highlighting that variation across estimates of plant- versus microbial-derived SOM may arise in part from methodological limitations. We show that all major methods used to estimate plant versus microbial contributions to SOM have substantial shortcomings, highlighting the uncertainty in our current quantitative estimates. We demonstrate that there is significant overlap in the chemical signatures of compounds produced by microbes, plant roots, and through the extracellular decomposition of plant litter, which introduces uncertainty into the use of common biomarkers for parsing plant- and microbial-derived SOM, especially in the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) fraction. Although the studies that we review have contributed to a deeper understanding of microbial contributions to SOM, limitations with current methods constrain quantitative estimates. In light of recent advances, we suggest that now is a critical time to re-evaluate long-standing methods, clearly define their limitations, and develop a strategic plan for improving the quantification of plant- and microbial-derived SOM. From our synthesis, we outline key questions and challenges for future research on the mechanisms of SOM formation and stabilization from plant and microbial pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily D Whalen
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - A Stuart Grandy
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Noah W Sokol
- Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
| | - Marco Keiluweit
- School of Earth & Sustainability and Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jessica Ernakovich
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Richard G Smith
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Serita D Frey
- Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Bicharanloo B, Bagheri Shirvan M, Cavagnaro TR, Keitel C, Dijkstra FA. Nitrogen addition and defoliation alter belowground carbon allocation with consequences for plant nitrogen uptake and soil organic carbon decomposition. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 846:157430. [PMID: 35863579 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Grassland plants allocate photosynthetically fixed carbon (C) belowground to root biomass and rhizodeposition, but also to support arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). These C allocation pathways could increase nutrient scavenging, but also mining of nutrients through enhanced organic matter decomposition. While important for grassland ecosystem functioning, methodological constraints have limited our ability to measure these processes under field conditions. We used 13CO2 and 15N pulse labelling methods to examine belowground C allocation to root biomass production, rhizodeposition and AMF colonisation during peak plant growth in a grassland field experiment after three years of N fertilisation (0 and 40 kg N ha-1 year-1) and defoliation frequency treatments ("low" and "high", with 3-4 and 6-8 simulated grazing events per year, mimicking moderate and intense grazing, respectively). Moreover, we quantified the consequences for plant nitrogen (N) uptake and decomposition of soil organic C (SOC). Nitrogen fertilisation increased rhizodeposition and AMF colonisation (by 63 % and 54 %), but reduced root biomass (by 25 %). With high defoliation frequency, AMF colonisation increased (by 60 %), but both root biomass and rhizodeposition declined (by 35 % and 58 %). Plant N uptake was highest without N fertilisation and low defoliation frequency, and positively related to root biomass and the number of root tips. Therefore, when N supply is low and the capacity to produce C through photosynthesis is high, belowground C allocation to root production and associated root tips was important to scavenge for N in the soil. In contrast, the strong positive relationship between the rate of rhizodeposition and SOC decomposition, suggests that rhizodeposition may help plants to mine for nutrients locked in SOC. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that belowground C allocation pathways affected by N fertilisation and defoliation frequency affect plant N scavenging and mining with important consequences for long-term grassland C dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bahareh Bicharanloo
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia.
| | - Milad Bagheri Shirvan
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - Timothy R Cavagnaro
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Claudia Keitel
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
| | - Feike A Dijkstra
- Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW 2570, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Newsham KK, Misiak M, Goodall-Copestake WP, Dahl MS, Boddy L, Hopkins DW, Davey ML. Experimental warming increases fungal alpha diversity in an oligotrophic maritime Antarctic soil. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1050372. [PMID: 36439821 PMCID: PMC9684652 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1050372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The climate of maritime Antarctica has altered since the 1950s. However, the effects of increased temperature, precipitation and organic carbon and nitrogen availability on the fungal communities inhabiting the barren and oligotrophic fellfield soils that are widespread across the region are poorly understood. Here, we test how warming with open top chambers (OTCs), irrigation and the organic substrates glucose, glycine and tryptone soy broth (TSB) influence a fungal community inhabiting an oligotrophic maritime Antarctic fellfield soil. In contrast with studies in vegetated soils at lower latitudes, OTCs increased fungal community alpha diversity (Simpson's index and evenness) by 102-142% in unamended soil after 5 years. Conversely, OTCs had few effects on diversity in substrate-amended soils, with their only main effects, in glycine-amended soils, being attributable to an abundance of Pseudogymnoascus. The substrates reduced alpha and beta diversity metrics by 18-63%, altered community composition and elevated soil fungal DNA concentrations by 1-2 orders of magnitude after 5 years. In glycine-amended soil, OTCs decreased DNA concentrations by 57% and increased the relative abundance of the yeast Vishniacozyma by 45-fold. The relative abundance of the yeast Gelidatrema declined by 78% in chambered soil and increased by 1.9-fold in irrigated soil. Fungal DNA concentrations were also halved by irrigation in TSB-amended soils. In support of regional- and continental-scale studies across climatic gradients, the observations indicate that soil fungal alpha diversity in maritime Antarctica will increase as the region warms, but suggest that the accumulation of organic carbon and nitrogen compounds in fellfield soils arising from expanding plant populations are likely, in time, to attenuate the positive effects of warming on diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Misiak
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - William P. Goodall-Copestake
- British Antarctic Survey, NERC, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- The Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, United Kingdom
| | | | - Lynne Boddy
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | | | - Marie L. Davey
- Department of Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bibi F, Balasubramanian D, Ilyas M, Sher J, Samoon HA, Bin Khalid MH, Alharby HF, Majrashi A, Alghamdi SA, Hakeem KR, Shah M, Rather SA. Seasonal Variations of Fine Root Dynamics in Rubber- Flemingia macrophylla Intercropping System in Southwestern China. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2682. [PMID: 36297706 PMCID: PMC9611961 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intercropping cover crops with trees enhance land productivity and improves the soil’s physio-chemical properties while reducing the negative environmental impact. However, there is a lack of quantitative information on the relationships between fine root biomass and available soil nutrients, e.g., nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), especially in the rubber-Flemingia macrophylla intercropping system. Therefore, this study was initiated to explore the seasonal variation in fine root biomass and available soil nutrients at different stand ages (12, 15, and 24 years) and management systems, i.e., rubber monoculture (mono) and rubber-Flemingia macrophylla intercropping. In this study, we sampled 900 soil cores over five seasonal intervals, representing one year of biomass. The results showed that the total fine root biomass was greater in 12-year-old rubber monoculture; the same trend was observed in soil nutrients P and K. Furthermore, total fine root biomass had a significant positive correlation with available N (p < 0.001) in rubber monoculture and intercropping systems. Thus, it suggests that fine root growth and accumulation is a function of available soil nutrients. Our results indicate that fine root biomass and soil nutrients (P and K) may be determined by the functional characteristics of dominant tree species rather than collective mixed-species intercropping and are closely linked to forest stand type, topographic and edaphic factors. However, further investigations are needed to understand interspecific and complementary interactions between intercrop species under the rubber-Flemingia macrophylla intercropping system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farkhanda Bibi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Durairaj Balasubramanian
- Department of Botany, Arunachal University of Studies, NH-52, Namsai 792103, Arunachal Pradesh, India
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
| | - Jan Sher
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
| | - Hamz Ali Samoon
- Principal Scientific Officer Pakistan Agricultural Research Council-Water and Agricultural Waste Management Institute, Tando Jam 70050, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hayder Bin Khalid
- National Research Center of Intercropping, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hesham F. Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Majrashi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameera A. Alghamdi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Princess Dr. Najla Bint Saud Al-Saud Center for Excellence Research in Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1341, Bangladesh
| | - Muddaser Shah
- Department of Botany, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Shabir A. Rather
- Center for Integrative Conservation, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla 666303, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Elehinafe FB, Agboola O, Vershima AD, Bamigboye GO. Insights on the Advanced Separation Processes in Water Pollution Analyses and Wastewater Treatment – A Review. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
|
39
|
Potential tradeoffs between effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inoculation, soil organic matter content and fertilizer application in raspberry production. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269751. [PMID: 35849573 PMCID: PMC9292081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ecological intensification has been proposed as an alternative paradigm for intensive agriculture to boost yield sustainably through utilizing ecosystem services. A prerequisite to achieving this is to understand the relations between multiple ecosystem services and production, while taking growth conditions such as nutrient availability into consideration. Here, we conducted a pot-field experiment to study the interactive effects of soil organic matter (SOM) content and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on the production of raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) under four levels of fertilizer application. Raspberry flower number, fruit number and yield only significantly increased with fertilizer inputs but were not impacted by SOM content or AMF inoculation. Fruit set and single berry weight were influenced by both SOM content and AMF inoculation, in complex three-way interactions with fertilizer application. Fruit set of AMF inoculated plants increased with fertilizer inputs in low SOM soils, but decreased with fertilizer inputs under high SOM soils, with the highest fruit set occurring at no fertilizer inputs. In low SOM soils, the relation between single berry weight and fertilizer application was more pronounced in inoculated plants than in non-inoculated plants, while in high SOM soils the relative benefits of AMF inoculation on single berry weight decreased with increasing fertilizer inputs. We attribute the lack of effects of AMF inoculation and SOM content on flower number, fruit number and yield mainly to potential tradeoffs between the experimental variables that all influence resource uptake by plant root systems. Our results suggest that potentially beneficial effects of AMF and SOM can be offset by each other, probably driven by the dynamic relations between AMF and the host plants. The findings reveal fundamental implications for managing AMF inoculation and SOM management simultaneously in real-world agricultural systems.
Collapse
|
40
|
Li P, Liu J, Saleem M, Li G, Luan L, Wu M, Li Z. Reduced chemodiversity suppresses rhizosphere microbiome functioning in the mono-cropped agroecosystems. MICROBIOME 2022; 10:108. [PMID: 35841078 PMCID: PMC9287909 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-022-01287-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhizodeposits regulate rhizosphere interactions, processes, nutrient and energy flow, and plant-microbe communication and thus play a vital role in maintaining soil and plant health. However, it remains unclear whether and how alteration in belowground carbon allocation and chemodiversity of rhizodeposits influences microbiome functioning in the rhizosphere ecosystems. To address this research gap, we investigated the relationship of rhizosphere carbon allocation and chemodiversity with microbiome biodiversity and functioning during peanut (Arachis hypogaea) continuous mono-cropping. After continuously labeling plants with 13CO2, we studied the chemodiversity and composition of rhizodeposits, along with the composition and diversity of active rhizosphere microbiome using metabolomic, amplicon, and shotgun metagenomic sequencing approaches based on DNA stable-isotope probing (DNA-SIP). RESULTS Our results indicated that enrichment and depletion of rhizodeposits and active microbial taxa varied across plant growth stages and cropping durations. Specifically, a gradual decrease in the rhizosphere carbon allocation, chemodiversity, biodiversity and abundance of plant-beneficial taxa (such as Gemmatimonas, Streptomyces, Ramlibacter, and Lysobacter), and functional gene pathways (such as quorum sensing and biosynthesis of antibiotics) was observed with years of mono-cropping. We detected significant and strong correlations between rhizodeposits and rhizosphere microbiome biodiversity and functioning, though these were regulated by different ecological processes. For instance, rhizodeposits and active bacterial communities were mainly governed by deterministic and stochastic processes, respectively. Overall, the reduction in carbon deposition and chemodiversity during peanut continuous mono-cropping tended to suppress microbial biodiversity and its functions in the rhizosphere ecosystem. CONCLUSIONS Our results, for the first time, provide the evidence underlying the mechanism of rhizosphere microbiome malfunctioning in mono-cropped systems. Our study opens new avenues to deeply disentangle the complex plant-microbe interactions from the perspective of rhizodeposits chemodiversity and composition and will serve to guide future microbiome research for improving the functioning and services of soil ecosystems. Video abstract.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengfa Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008 China
- Department of Microbiology, Key Lab of Microbiology for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jia Liu
- Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200 China
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL 36104 USA
| | - Guilong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Lu Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008 China
| | - Zhongpei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008 China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Yang C, Han N, Inoue C, Yang YL, Nojiri H, Ho YN, Chien MF. Rhizospheric plant-microbe synergistic interactions achieve efficient arsenic phytoextraction by Pteris vittata. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 434:128870. [PMID: 35452977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytoextraction is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology to remove arsenic (As) from contaminated soil using plants and associated microorganisms. Pteris vittata is the most studied As hyperaccumulator, which effectively takes up inorganic arsenate via roots. Arsenic solubilization and speciation occur prior to plant absorption in the rhizosphere, which play a key role in As phytoextraction by P. vittata. This study investigated the metabolomic correlation of P. vittata and associated rhizospheric microorganisms during As phytoextraction. Three-month pot cultivation of P. vittata in As polluted soil was conducted. In rhizosphere, an increase of water-soluble As concentration and a decrease of pH was observed in the second month, suggesting acidic metabolites as a possible cause of As solubilization. A correlation network was built to elucidate the interactions among metabolites, bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere of P. vittata. Our results demonstrate that the plant is the major driving force of rhizospheric microbiota generation, and both microbial community and metabolites in rhizosphere of P. vittata correlate to increased bioavailable As. Multi-omics analysis revealed that pterosins enrich microbes that potentially promote As phytoextraction. This study extends the current view of rhizospheric plant-microbes synergistic effects of hyperaccumulators on phytoextraction, which provides clues for developing efficient As phytoremediation approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Yang
- Graduate School of Environment Studies (GSES), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan; Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ning Han
- Graduate School of Environment Studies (GSES), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Chihiro Inoue
- Graduate School of Environment Studies (GSES), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Yu-Liang Yang
- Agriculture Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - Hideaki Nojiri
- Agro-Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Ying-Ning Ho
- Institute of Marine Biology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Fang Chien
- Graduate School of Environment Studies (GSES), Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Rhizosphere Effects along an Altitudinal Gradient of the Changbai Mountain, China. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13071104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Rhizosphere effects (REs) play important roles in regulating carbon (C) and nutrient cycling in terrestrial ecosystems. However, little is known about the REs of mature trees in the field, especially at the ecosystem scale. This study aimed to explore the variation and patterns of REs in natural ecosystems. Here, combining soil monoliths with an adhering soil (shaking fine roots) method was adopted to sample paired rhizosphere soil and bulk soil along an altitudinal gradient. Based on the relative REs and the percentage of rhizosphere soil mass, the REs on soil C and net nitrogen mineralization rates (Cmin and net Nmin) at the ecosystem scale were estimated. Our results showed that the REs on soil processes, soil microbial biomass C and extracellular enzyme activities (β-glucosidase and N-acetyl-glucosaminidase activities), and soil chemical properties (total C, total N, inorganic N, extractable P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, and Mn) were significantly positive across altitudinal sites, while soil pH was significantly negative. Although the relative REs on investigated variables varied significantly among altitudes, the relative REs did not show a clear trend with the increased altitudes. Across altitudes, the mean magnitude of ecosystem-level REs on Cmin and net Nmin were 19% (ranging from 4% to 48%) and 16% (ranging from 3% to 34%), respectively. Furthermore, the magnitude of ecosystem-level rhizosphere effects increased linearly with the increased altitudes. The altitudinal patterns of ecosystem-level RE mainly depend on the percentage of rhizosphere soil mass. In conclusion, our results provided a set of new evidence for the REs, and highlighted the need to incorporate REs into land C and N models.
Collapse
|
43
|
Liu S, He F, Kuzyakov Y, Xiao H, Hoang DTT, Pu S, Razavi BS. Nutrients in the rhizosphere: A meta-analysis of content, availability, and influencing factors. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:153908. [PMID: 35183641 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient deficiency in most terrestrial ecosystems constrains global primary productivity. Rhizosphere nutrient availability directly regulates plant growth and is influenced by many factors, including soil properties, plant characteristics and climate. A quantitatively comprehensive understanding of the role of these factors in modulating rhizosphere nutrient availability remains largely unknown. We reviewed 123 studies to assess nutrient availability in the rhizosphere compared to bulk soil depending on various factors. The increase in microbial nitrogen (N) content and N-cycling related enzyme activities in the rhizosphere led to a 10% increase in available N relative to bulk soil. The available phosphorus (P) in the rhizosphere decreased by 12% with a corresponding increase in phosphatase activities, indicating extreme demand and competition between plants and microorganisms for P. Greater organic carbon (C) content around taproots (+17%) confirmed their stronger ability to store more organic compounds than the fibrous roots. This corresponds to higher bacterial and fungal contents and slightly higher available nutrients in the rhizosphere of taproots. The maximal rhizosphere nutrient accumulation was common for low-fertile soils, which is confirmed by the negative correlation between most soil chemical properties and the effect sizes of available nutrients. Increases in rhizosphere bacterial and fungal population densities (205-254%) were much higher than microbial biomass increases (indicated as microbial C: +19%). Consequently, despite the higher microbial population densities in the rhizosphere, the biomass of individual microbial cells decreased, pointing on their younger age and faster turnover. This meta-analysis shows that, contrary to the common view, most nutrients are more available in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil because of higher microbial activities around roots.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shibin Liu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, 1# Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, 1# Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Fakun He
- College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, 1# Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yakov Kuzyakov
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia; Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, Department of Agricultural Soil Science, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Huxuan Xiao
- College of Earth Sciences, Chengdu University of Technology, 1# Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Duyen Thi Thu Hoang
- Climate Change and Development Program, VNU Vietnam-Japan University, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Shengyan Pu
- College of Ecology and Environment, Chengdu University of Technology, 1# Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, 1# Dongsanlu, Erxianqiao, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Bahar S Razavi
- Department of Soil and Plant Microbiome, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Mundra S, Kauserud H, Økland T, Nordbakken J, Ransedokken Y, Kjønaas OJ. Shift in tree species changes the belowground biota of boreal forests. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 234:2073-2087. [PMID: 35307841 PMCID: PMC9325058 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The replacement of native birch with Norway spruce has been initiated in Norway to increase long-term carbon storage in forests. However, there is limited knowledge on the impacts that aboveground changes will have on the belowground microbiota. We examined which effects a tree species shift from birch to spruce stands has on belowground microbial communities, soil fungal biomass and relationships with vegetation biomass and soil organic carbon (SOC). Replacement of birch with spruce negatively influenced soil bacterial and fungal richness and strongly altered microbial community composition in the forest floor layer, most strikingly for fungi. Tree species-mediated variation in soil properties was a major factor explaining variation in bacterial communities. For fungi, both soil chemistry and understorey vegetation were important community structuring factors, particularly for ectomycorrhizal fungi. The relative abundance of ectomycorrhizal fungi and the ectomycorrhizal : saprotrophic fungal ratio were higher in spruce compared to birch stands, particularly in the deeper mineral soil layers, and vice versa for saprotrophs. The positive relationship between ergosterol (fungal biomass) and SOC stock in the forest floor layer suggests higher carbon sequestration potential in spruce forest soil, alternatively, that the larger carbon stock leads to an increase in soil fungal biomass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Mundra
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EvoGene)Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloPO Box 1066 BlindernOsloNO‐0316Norway
- Department of BiologyCollege of ScienceUnited Arab Emirates UniversityPO Box 15551Al‐Ain, Abu‐DhabiUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Håvard Kauserud
- Section for Genetics and Evolutionary Biology (EvoGene)Department of BiosciencesUniversity of OsloPO Box 1066 BlindernOsloNO‐0316Norway
| | - Tonje Økland
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchPO Box 115ÅsNO‐1431Norway
| | | | - Yngvild Ransedokken
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource ManagementNorwegian University of Life SciencesPO Box 5003ÅsNO‐1432Norway
| | - O. Janne Kjønaas
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy ResearchPO Box 115ÅsNO‐1431Norway
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wei Z, Maxwell T, Robinson B, Dickinson N. Plant Species Complementarity in Low-Fertility Degraded Soil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1370. [PMID: 35631795 PMCID: PMC9143186 DOI: 10.3390/plants11101370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the compatibility of plants with contrasting root systems, in terms of procurement of limiting soil nutrients. Paired combinations of species of proteas and grasses were grown in a pot experiment using soil from a site with impoverished vegetation and degraded soil. The soil contained sufficient N but was low to deficient in P, Mn, S, Fe, and B. The uptake of chemical elements into the foliage differed significantly according to whether the plants were growing as single or mixed species. When two species of Grevillea and grasses with evolutionary origins in low fertility soils were growing together, there was an enhanced uptake of P and Mn, in one or both species, in addition to other elements that were in low concentrations in the experimental soil. In contrast to this, Protea neriifolia that probably originated from a more fertile soil procured lesser amounts of the six elements from the soil when growing together with grasses. Two grasses tolerant of less fertile soils (Dactylis glomerata and Poa cita) obtained more nutrients when they grew together with proteas; this was a much stronger neighbour effect than was measured in Lolium perenne which is better adapted to high fertility soils. The findings illustrate both the functional compatibility and competition for plant nutrients in mixed-species rhizospheres. Species combinations substantially increased the acquisition of key elements from the soil nutrient pool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wei
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Christchurch 7647, New Zealand; (Z.W.); (T.M.)
| | - Thomas Maxwell
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Christchurch 7647, New Zealand; (Z.W.); (T.M.)
| | - Brett Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand;
| | - Nicholas Dickinson
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, Christchurch 7647, New Zealand; (Z.W.); (T.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chen X, Hu Z, Xie H, Zhang J, Liang S, Wu H, Zhuang L. Priming effects of root exudates on the source-sink stability of benzo[a]pyrene in wetlands: A microcosm experiment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 429:128364. [PMID: 35114457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Although wetland is acknowledged as an effective ecosystem to remove persistent organic pollutants (POPs), the change of environmental factors would switch wetland from transient sink to permanent source. Thus, it is worthwhile to meticulously study its source-sink dynamics. In this study, root exudates' effect on the source-sink dynamics of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in a simulated wetland sediment system was investigated, and the identification results of labile, stable-adsorbed, and bound-residue fraction highlighted that root exudates' priming effects could accelerate fraction transformation and depuration of BaP in wetlands. The priming effects are the combination results of three different pathways, including decrease in the interfacial tension of BaP (1.21-4.19%), occurrence of co-metabolism processes (2.47-12.51%), and liberation of mineral-bound pathways (1.82-83.14%). All these pathways promoted the abiotic and biotic BaP removal processes, which reduced the half-life of BaP from 42 days to 13 days, and subsequently reduced the hazard potential of BaP in the wetland. Root exudates' priming effects accounted for over 99.84% in total dissipation of BaP, regulated the source-sink stability of the wetlands contaminated by BaP. The source-sink dynamics provides a conceptual framework for understanding environmental fate, risk assessment and further storage management of POPs in wetlands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinhan Chen
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Zhen Hu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
| | - Huijun Xie
- Environmental Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China; College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China.
| | - Shuang Liang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Haiming Wu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Linlan Zhuang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Wang L, Rengel Z, Zhang K, Jin K, Lyu Y, Zhang L, Cheng L, Zhang F, Shen J. Ensuring future food security and resource sustainability: insights into the rhizosphere. iScience 2022; 25:104168. [PMID: 35434553 PMCID: PMC9010633 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Feeding the world's growing population requires continuously increasing crop yields with less fertilizers and agrochemicals on limited land. Focusing on plant belowground traits, especially root-soil-microbe interactions, holds a great promise for overcoming this challenge. The belowground root-soil-microbe interactions are complex and involve a range of physical, chemical, and biological processes that influence nutrient-use efficiency, plant growth and health. Understanding, predicting, and manipulating these rhizosphere processes will enable us to harness the relevant interactions to improve plant productivity and nutrient-use efficiency. Here, we review the recent progress and challenges in root-soil-microbe interactions. We also highlight how root-soil-microbe interactions could be manipulated to ensure food security and resource sustainability in a changing global climate, with an emphasis on reducing our dependence on fertilizers and agrochemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Wang
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Zed Rengel
- Soil Science & Plant Nutrition, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Institute for Adriatic Crops and Karst Reclamation, Split 21000, Croatia
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Kemo Jin
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Yang Lyu
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Lingyun Cheng
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Fusuo Zhang
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| | - Jianbo Shen
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Deep-rooted perennial crops differ in capacity to stabilize C inputs in deep soil layers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5952. [PMID: 35396458 PMCID: PMC8993804 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Comprehensive climate change mitigation necessitates soil carbon (C) storage in cultivated terrestrial ecosystems. Deep-rooted perennial crops may help to turn agricultural soils into efficient C sinks, especially in deeper soil layers. Here, we compared C allocation and potential stabilization to 150 cm depth from two functionally distinct deep-rooted perennials, i.e., lucerne (Medicago sativa L.) and intermediate wheatgrass (kernza; Thinopyrum intermedium), representing legume and non-legume crops, respectively. Belowground C input and stabilization was decoupled from nitrogen (N) fertilizer rate in kernza (100 and 200 kg mineral N ha−1), with no direct link between increasing mineral N fertilization, rhizodeposited C, and microbial C stabilization. Further, both crops displayed a high ability to bring C to deeper soil layers and remarkably, the N2-fixing lucerne showed greater potential to induce microbial C stabilization than the non-legume kernza. Lucerne stimulated greater microbial biomass and abundance of N cycling genes in rhizosphere soil, likely linked to greater amino acid rhizodeposition, hence underlining the importance of coupled C and N for microbial C stabilization efficiency. Inclusion of legumes in perennial cropping systems is not only key for improved productivity at low fertilizer N inputs, but also appears critical for enhancing soil C stabilization, in particular in N limited deep subsoils.
Collapse
|
49
|
Sell M, Ostonen I, Rohula-Okunev G, Rusalepp L, Rezapour A, Kupper P. Responses of fine root exudation, respiration and morphology in three early successional tree species to increased air humidity and different soil nitrogen sources. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:557-569. [PMID: 34505158 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Global climate change scenarios predict an increase in air temperature, precipitation and air humidity for northern latitudes. Elevated air humidity may significantly reduce the water flux through forest canopies and affect interactions between water and nutrient uptake. However, we have limited understanding of how altered transpiration would affect root respiration and carbon (C) exudation as fine root morphology acclimates to different water flux. We investigated the effects of elevated air relative humidity (eRH) and different inorganic nitrogen sources (NO3- and NH4+) on above and belowground traits in hybrid aspen (Populus × wettsteinii Hämet-Ahti), silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) grown under controlled climate chamber conditions. The eRH significantly decreased the transpiration flux in all species, decreased root mass-specific exudation in pine, and increased root respiration in aspen. eRH also affected fine root morphology, with specific root area increasing for birch but decreasing in pine. The species comparison revealed that pine had the highest C exudation, whereas birch had the highest root respiration rate. Both humidity and nitrogen treatments affected the share of absorptive and pioneer roots within fine roots; however, the response was species-specific. The proportion of absorptive roots was highest in birch and aspen, the share of pioneer roots was greatest in aspen and the share of transport roots was greatest in pine. Fine roots with lower root tissue density were associated with pioneer root tips and had a higher C exudation rate. Our findings underline the importance of considering species-specific differences in relation to air humidity and soil nitrogen availability that interactively affect the C input-output balance. We highlight the role of changes in the fine root functional distribution as an important acclimation mechanism of trees in response to environmental change.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marili Sell
- University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Vanemuise 46, 51003, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ivika Ostonen
- University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Vanemuise 46, 51003, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Gristin Rohula-Okunev
- University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Vanemuise 46, 51003, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Linda Rusalepp
- University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Vanemuise 46, 51003, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Azadeh Rezapour
- University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Vanemuise 46, 51003, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Priit Kupper
- University of Tartu, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, Vanemuise 46, 51003, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Lynch JP, Mooney SJ, Strock CF, Schneider HM. Future roots for future soils. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2022; 45:620-636. [PMID: 34725839 PMCID: PMC9299599 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical impedance constrains root growth in most soils. Crop cultivation changed the impedance characteristics of native soils, through topsoil erosion, loss of organic matter, disruption of soil structure and loss of biopores. Increasing adoption of Conservation Agriculture in high-input agroecosystems is returning cultivated soils to the soil impedance characteristics of native soils, but in the low-input agroecosystems characteristic of developing nations, ongoing soil degradation is generating more challenging environments for root growth. We propose that root phenotypes have evolved to adapt to the altered impedance characteristics of cultivated soil during crop domestication. The diverging trajectories of soils under Conservation Agriculture and low-input agroecosystems have implications for strategies to develop crops to meet global needs under climate change. We present several root ideotypes as breeding targets under the impedance regimes of both high-input and low-input agroecosystems, as well as a set of root phenotypes that should be useful in both scenarios. We argue that a 'whole plant in whole soil' perspective will be useful in guiding the development of future crops for future soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan P. Lynch
- Department of Plant ScienceThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Sacha J. Mooney
- School of BiosciencesUniversity of NottinghamLeicestershireUK
| | - Christopher F. Strock
- Department of Plant ScienceThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Hannah M. Schneider
- Centre for Crop Systems AnalysisWageningen University & ResearchWageningenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|