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Udroiu I, Sgura A. Cytogenetic tests for animal production: state of the art and perspectives. Anim Genet 2017; 48:505-515. [DOI: 10.1111/age.12581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Udroiu
- Dipartimento di Scienze; Università Roma Tre; Viale G. Marconi 446 00146 Rome Italy
| | - A. Sgura
- Dipartimento di Scienze; Università Roma Tre; Viale G. Marconi 446 00146 Rome Italy
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Araldi RP, Assaf SMR, Carvalho RFD, Carvalho MACRD, Souza JMD, Magnelli RF, Módolo DG, Roperto FP, Stocco RDC, Beçak W. Papillomaviruses: a systematic review. Genet Mol Biol 2017; 40:1-21. [PMID: 28212457 PMCID: PMC5409773 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2016-0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, a group of viruses has received great attention due to its
relationship with cancer development and its wide distribution throughout the
vertebrates: the papillomaviruses. In this article, we aim to review some of the most
relevant reports concerning the use of bovines as an experimental model for studies
related to papillomaviruses. Moreover, the obtained data contributes to the
development of strategies against the clinical consequences of bovine
papillomaviruses (BPV) that have led to drastic hazards to the herds. To overcome the
problem, the vaccines that we have been developing involve recombinant DNA
technology, aiming at prophylactic and therapeutic procedures. It is important to
point out that these strategies can be used as models for innovative procedures
against HPV, as this virus is the main causal agent of cervical cancer, the second
most fatal cancer in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Jacqueline Mazzuchelli de Souza
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberta Fiusa Magnelli
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação Interunidades em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICB), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Franco Peppino Roperto
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria e Produzioni Animali, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Campania, Italy
| | | | - Willy Beçak
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Araldi RP, Módolo DG, de Sá Júnior PL, Consonni SR, de Carvalho RF, Roperto FP, Beçak W, de Cassia Stocco R. Genetics and metabolic deregulation following cancer initiation: A world to explore. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 82:449-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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Mutagenic Potential ofBos taurus Papillomavirus Type 1 E6 Recombinant Protein: First Description. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:806361. [PMID: 26783529 PMCID: PMC4689895 DOI: 10.1155/2015/806361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) is considered a useful model to study HPV oncogenic process. BPV interacts with the host chromatin, resulting in DNA damage, which is attributed to E5, E6, and E7 viral oncoproteins activity. However, the oncogenic mechanisms of BPV E6 oncoprotein per se remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the mutagenic potential of Bos taurus papillomavirus type 1 (BPV-1) E6 recombinant oncoprotein by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay (CBMNA) and comet assay (CA). Peripheral blood samples of five calves were collected. Samples were subjected to molecular diagnosis, which did not reveal presence of BPV sequences. Samples were treated with 1 μg/mL of BPV-1 E6 oncoprotein and 50 μg/mL of cyclophosphamide (positive control). Negative controls were not submitted to any treatment. The samples were submitted to the CBMNA and CA. The results showed that BPV E6 oncoprotein induces clastogenesis per se, which is indicative of genomic instability. These results allowed better understanding the mechanism of cancer promotion associated with the BPV E6 oncoprotein and revealed that this oncoprotein can induce carcinogenesis per se. E6 recombinant oncoprotein has been suggested as a possible vaccine candidate. Results pointed out that BPV E6 recombinant oncoprotein modifications are required to use it as vaccine.
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Stocco RDC, Roperto FP, Nasir L, Sircili MP. Oncogenic processes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:879013. [PMID: 24551854 PMCID: PMC3914301 DOI: 10.1155/2014/879013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rita de Cassia Stocco
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500 Butantã, 05503-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Franco Peppino Roperto
- Department of Biology, Naples University Federico II, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Lubna Nasir
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research, Bearsden Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Marcelo Palma Sircili
- Laboratório de Genética, Instituto Butantan, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde, Avenida Vital Brasil, 1500 Butantã, 05503-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Chromosome aberrations in cells infected with bovine papillomavirus: comparing cutaneous papilloma, esophagus papilloma, and urinary bladder lesion cells. ISRN ONCOLOGY 2013; 2013:910849. [PMID: 24298391 PMCID: PMC3835608 DOI: 10.1155/2013/910849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The majority of malignant cells present genetic instability with chromosome number changes plus segmental defects: these changes involve intact chromosomes and breakage-induced alterations. Some pathways of chromosomal instability have been proposed as random breakage, telomere fusion, and centromere fission. Chromosome alterations in tumor cells have been described in animal models and in vitro experiments. One important question is about possible discrepancies between animal models, in vitro studies, and the real events in cancer cells in vivo. Papillomaviruses are relevant agents in oncogenic processes related to action on host genome. Recently, many reports have discussed the presence of virus DNA in peripheral blood, in humans and in animals infected by papillomaviruses. The meaning of this event is of controversy: possible product of apoptosis occurring in cancer cells, metastasized cancer cells, or active DNA sequences circulating in bloodstream. This study compares chromosome aberrations detected in bovine cells, in peripheral blood cells, and in BPV lesion cells: the literature is poor in this type of study. Comparing chromosome aberrations described in the different cells, a common mechanism in their origin, can be suggested. Furthermore blood cells can be evaluated as an effective way of virus transmission.
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Gil da Costa RM, Medeiros R. Bovine papillomavirus: opening new trends for comparative pathology. Arch Virol 2013; 159:191-8. [PMID: 23929231 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1801-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
For many years, research on bovine papillomavirus (BPV) has contributed to the understanding of papillomavirus-induced pathology in humans and animals. The present review shows how recent studies on BPV keep providing evidence concerning key points in viral infection, such as the expression of viral proteins in lymphocytes and the occurrence of productive infections of the placenta. Studies on BPV-induced tumours also provide important information concerning the mechanisms of oncogenesis and immune evasion, as in the cases of connexin 43 down-regulation with loss of intercellular gap junctions and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) down-regulation in equine sarcoids. The biological functions of viral proteins are also being further clarified, as in the case of E2, which was recently shown to load BPV genomes into host chromosomes during the S phase, a process mediated by the ChlR1 protein. In the near future, the ongoing efforts to characterize and classify additional emerging BPV types are likely to broaden even further the possibilities for research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui M Gil da Costa
- Laboratory for Process, Environmental and Energy Engineering (LEPAE), Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto (FEUP), Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal,
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Bovine papillomavirus clastogenic effect analyzed in comet assay. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:630683. [PMID: 23956996 PMCID: PMC3728492 DOI: 10.1155/2013/630683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bovine papillomavirus (BPV) is an oncogenic virus related to serious livestock diseases. Oncoproteins encoded by BPV are involved in several steps of cellular transformation and have been reported as presenting clastogenic effects in peripheral lymphocytes and primary culture cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clastogenic potential of BPV types 1, 2, and 4 by comet assay. Peripheral blood was collected from 37 bovines, 32 infected with different levels of papillomatosis (12 animals have no affection) and five calves, virus free (negative control). The viral identification showed presence of more than one virus type in 59.375% of the infected animals. Comet assay was performed according to alkaline technique. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed statistical difference between the negative control group and infected animals (P = 0.0015). The Dunn post hoc test showed difference comparing the infected animals with calves. Mann-Whitney U test verified no difference between animals infected with only one viral type and animals presenting more than one viral type. The comet assay is considered an efficient tool for assessment of damage in the host chromatin due to viral action, specifically highlighting viral activity in blood cells.
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