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Mirsharif ES, Rostamian A, Salehi M, Askari N, Ghazanfari T. Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) +49A>G (rs231775) gene polymorphism is not associated with COVID-19 severity and mortality in an Iranian population. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23308. [PMID: 38116190 PMCID: PMC10726245 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) regulates T cell immune responses as an immune activation inhibitor. Literature reviews suggest that COVID-19 is associated with dysregulation of the inflammatory immune response. The purpose of the present hospital-based case-control study was to evaluate the genetic association of the CTLA4 +49A > G (rs231775) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) with COVID-19 severity and mortality among the Iranian people. Method Genomic DNA of peripheral blood nuclear cells was extracted from the 794 COVID-19 patients and 167 control individuals. The polymorphic site of rs231775 was genotyped using the PCR-RFLP technique. Also, to identify whether this genetic variation was related to CTLA-4 mRNA expression, total RNA was extracted from 178 COVID-19 patients and 70 controls. The mRNA levels of CTLA-4 were determined using real-time PCR. Result There were no statistically significant differences found in the genotype and allele frequencies among the different genetic models with regards to the severity and mortality of COVID-19. Furthermore, there was no significant association between rs231775 genotypes and CTLA-4 mRNA expression in patients. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 infection is not associated with rs231775 in the Iranian people. More investigations are crucial to show how this genetic variation affects other ethnic groups. Given the importance of CTLA-4 in regulating immune responses, further studies are recommended to examine other CTLA-4 SNPs and the function of this gene in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abdolrahman Rostamian
- Rheumatology Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Salehi
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Medicines, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nayere Askari
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahid Bahonar, University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Tooba Ghazanfari
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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Iravani Saadi M, Jiang M, Banakar M, Mardani Valandani F, Ahmadyan M, Rostamipour HA, Kheradmand N, Noshadi N, Karimi Z, Nabi Abdolyousefi E, Ramzi M, Haghighinejad H, Yaghobi R, Hosseini F. Are the Costimulatory Molecule Gene Polymorphisms (CTLA-4) Associated With Infection in Organ Transplantation? A Meta-Analysis. Cell Transplant 2023; 32:9636897231151576. [PMID: 36840462 PMCID: PMC9969477 DOI: 10.1177/09636897231151576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Organ transplantation has been linked to certain gene polymorphisms. The effect of gene polymorphisms-associated organ transplantation gene on infection, on the other hand, is yet unknown. The research studying the link between the CTLA-4 rs5742909, rs733618, rs4553808, rs231775, and polymorphisms of the organ transplantation gene and infection were found in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, and the published articles from 2012 to 2020 were gathered. For the best estimation of the intended results, a random-effects model was used in this meta-analysis. In this study, 1,567 studies were initially included and 9 eligible studies were eligible for further analyses. A significant correlation between CTLA4+49 [A/G-231775 odds ratio (OR) = 077, 0.59-0.95] and CTLA4 [rs5742909TT OR: 0.09, 0.27-0.45] gene polymorphism with infection in organ transplantation was observed. Also, no significant association was found between other CTLA4 gene polymorphisms with infection in organ transplantation. Further studies involving gene-gene and gene-diet interactions should be conducted to investigate this association with infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mingjun Jiang
- Graduate School of Jinzhou Medical
University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
| | - Morteza Banakar
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry
Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Ahmadyan
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Nadiya Kheradmand
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrin Noshadi
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahed Karimi
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow
Transplantation Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz,
Iran
| | | | - Mani Ramzi
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow
Transplantation Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz,
Iran
| | | | - Ramin Yaghobi
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
| | - Fakhroddin Hosseini
- Hematology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Hematology, Oncology and Bone Marrow
Transplantation Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz,
Iran
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Association between SNPs of Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)and the susceptibility to chronic Hepatitis C infection in virus C-infected patients. Virus Res 2022; 310:198684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Investigation of the relationship between CTLA4 and the tumor suppressor RASSF1A and the possible mediating role of STAT4 in a cohort of Egyptian patients infected with hepatitis C virus with and without hepatocellular carcinoma. Arch Virol 2021; 166:1643-1651. [PMID: 33796885 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-04981-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The Ras association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A), cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) genes play a role in regulating the cell cycle, apoptosis, and the autoimmune response against cancer. We investigated the genotype frequency and the possible association of the rs2073498 (RASSF1A), rs5742909 (CTLA-4) and rs7574865 (STAT4) genetic variants with hepatitis C virus (HCV)-G4-mediated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression in Egyptian patients. Fifty patients with HCV infection, 50 patients with HCV-mediated HCC, and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. The investigated variants were genotyped based on polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The Ser133 mutant G4 variant of the rs2073498 SNP in RASSF1A exhibited a positive correlation with HCC incidence risk (OR = 0.571, 95% CI = 0.175-1.865, P < 0.001). The rs7574865 variant in STAT4 (G/T) occurred frequently in both HCV groups, with a significant incidence risk (OR = 1.583, 95% CI = 1.123-2.232, P = 0.005). The rs5742909 change in CTLA4 (C/T) did not show a significant difference between HCV-mediated HCC cases and the control group (OR = 4.5, 95% CI = 1.326-15.277, P > 0.001). Activation of the immune checkpoint gene CTLA4 or polymorphism in the encoded CTLA4 protein causes phosphorylation of kinases needed for RAS gene activation. This in turn downregulates the tumor suppressor RASSF1, inhibiting apoptosis and leading to HCC development, indicating a negative impact of CTLA4 gene polymorphism on HCV-mediated HCC cases. A major determinant of disease progression could be immune system genetic variants, together with the presence of costimulatory factors. The rs2073498 and rs7574865 variations in the RASSF1A and STAT4 genes, respectively, could be genetic susceptibility factors for Egyptian patients with HCV-mediated HCC.
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Almasi S, Aliparasti MR, Naghili B, Yeganeh K, Rahnama B, Tavanafar F, Hazhir Karzar B, Amini Khiabani S, Naghili A, Babaloo Z. Analysis of CTLA-4+49A/G gene polymorphism in cases with leprosy of Azerbaijan, Northwest Iran. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2017; 57:121-127. [PMID: 29104093 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Leprosy, which is developed by the obligate intracellular Mycobacterium leprae (ML); has different manifestations, associated with the host immune responses. The protective immune response against ML includes T-cell-mediated immunity. The CTLA-4 has a great impact as a negative regulator of the immune response and maintenance of peripheral tolerance. This study analyzed the relationship between CTLA-4+49A/G gene polymorphism and clinical manifestation of leprosy disease and susceptibility among the Azeri population living Northwest Iran. One hundred and ninety-two leprosy patients and 185 healthy controls participated in the study. CTLA-4+49A/G genotyping was conducted via tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction (T-ARMS-PCR) analysis. The allelic and genotypic frequencies of +49A/G gene polymorphism were similar in controls and patients. However, older ages, older age of onset and over-representation in male were observed in lepromatous leprosy patient carriers of GG genotype. The current study demonstrates that although CTLA-4+49A/G polymorphism was not correlated with a higher genetic risk for leprosy, the presence of a GG genotype was associated with older ages, older age of onset and over-representation in male in Iranian Azeri population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohreh Almasi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Aliparasti
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Immunology Unit, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Behrouz Naghili
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Khalil Yeganeh
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Badrossadat Rahnama
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tavanafar
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Bita Hazhir Karzar
- Students' Research Committee, Medical Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Arman Naghili
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zohreh Babaloo
- Immunology Unit, Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Youssef SS, Hamdy NM. SOCS1 and pattern recognition receptors: TLR9 and RIG-I; novel haplotype associations in Egyptian fibrotic/cirrhotic patients with HCV genotype 4. Arch Virol 2017; 162:3347-3354. [PMID: 28762092 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3498-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we explore the role of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) (rs243327), the regulator of toll-like receptor-9 (TLR9) (rs352140), retinoic acid inducible gene-I (RIG-I) (rs669260), and cluster of differentiation 152 (CD152) (rs231776) in fibrotic/cirrhotic patients. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within these genes as well as haplotype analyses were performed on a cohort of 120 Egyptian fibrotic patients. Fibrosis had progressed from HCV genotype 4 infections. Using RT-PCR, SNPs were evaluated in the DNA collected from each patient using TaqMan® genotyping assays. A regression model was used to evaluate allelic and haplotypic associations with a fibrosis/cirrhotic scale. The necroinflammatory A score was adjusted for non-genetic covariates. The genotype distributions for SOCS1 (rs243327) and TLR-9 (rs352140) differed significantly between the F1-F3 and F3-F4 groups. On the other hand, the genotype distributions for RIG-I (rs669260) and CD152 (rs231776) genes did not significantly differ. The allele frequency was calculated using Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) for the SOCS1 (rs243327), RIG-I (rs669260), and CD152 (rs231776) genes. These calculated frequency values indicated the need to compare them to another population for that locus. However, TLR9 (rs352140) did not show similar results. The A allele in SOCS1, TLR9, and RIG-I SNPs was an adverse prognostic factor for liver fibrosis and liver activity. Haplotype analysis revealed a significant association between SOCS1 and TLR9 in fibrotic/cirrhotic patients. This indicated the presence of the A allele in either gene, which is considered a risk factor for the progression of liver disease to cirrhosis. SOCS1 rs243327, TLR9 rs352140, and RIG-I rs669260 polymorphisms might affect liver pathophysiology and the cirrhotic outcome following genotype 4 HCV infection. Therefore, performing this specific SNP testing may be of value for the stratification of the population at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar S Youssef
- Genetic Engineering Division, Microbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Centre, El Behous st, Dokki, Cairo, Giza, 12311, Egypt.
| | - Nadia M Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abassia, Cairo, 11566, Egypt.
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Association of -319 C/T and +49 A/G polymorphisms of CTLA-4 gene in patients with hepatitis C virus infection. Med Clin (Barc) 2017; 150:251-256. [PMID: 29033194 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2017.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE Molecular changes in the CTLA-4 gene can modify the ability to control T lymphocyte proliferation, and promote the persistence or elimination of the hepatitis C virus (HCV). We aimed to investigate the frequency and association of -319 C/T and +49 A/G polymorphism in the CTLA-4 gene in patients infected with HCV. METHODS The CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms (-319 C/T in the promoter region, and +49 A/G in exon 1) were analysed by T-ARMS-PCR in 420 individuals, including 205 chronic HCV infected patients and 215 healthy subjects. RESULTS We found a positive association of +49G allele with HCV infection (OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.09-2.02; p=.02), and with males (OR 1.80; 95% CI 1.16-2.79; p=.02), both in chronic disease (without cirrhosis). Also, significant differences in +49 A/G genotypes distribution between HCV infected patients and healthy subjects were shown in a dominant genetic model (GG+GA versus AA; OR 1.57; 95% CI 1.05-2.33; p=.04). No significant differences were observed in the -319 C/T polymorphism between HCV infected patients and healthy subjects. Moreover, -319C/+49G haplotype confers susceptibility to HCV genotype 3 infection (OR 10.68; 95% CI 1.17-96.97; p=.04). CONCLUSIONS The +49G allele confers susceptibility to HCV infection and with male gender, both in chronic disease. In addition, the -319C/+49G haplotype confers susceptibility to HCV genotype 3 infection. Our results support an important role of the -319 C/T and +49 A/G polymorphisms in HCV infection.
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Check point inhibitors as therapies for infectious diseases. Curr Opin Immunol 2017; 48:61-67. [PMID: 28865357 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The recent successes of immune check point targeting therapies in treating cancer patients has driven a resurgence of interest in targeting these pathways in chronically infected patients. While still in early stages, basic and clinical data suggest that blockade of CTLA-4 and PD-1 can be beneficial in the treatment of chronic HIV, HBV, and HCV infection, as well as other chronic maladies. Furthermore, novel inhibitory receptors such as Tim-3, LAG-3, and TIGIT are the potential next wave of check points that can be manipulated for the treatment of chronic infection. Blockade of these pathways influences more than simply T cell responses, and may provide new therapeutic options for chronically infected patients.
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Lian DS, Zhao SJ. Capillary electrophoresis based on nucleic acid detection for diagnosing human infectious disease. Clin Chem Lab Med 2017; 54:707-38. [PMID: 26352354 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2015-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rapid transmission, high morbidity, and mortality are the features of human infectious diseases caused by microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. These diseases may lead within a short period of time to great personal and property losses, especially in regions where sanitation is poor. Thus, rapid diagnoses are vital for the prevention and therapeutic intervention of human infectious diseases. Several conventional methods are often used to diagnose infectious diseases, e.g. methods based on cultures or morphology, or biochemical tests based on metabonomics. Although traditional methods are considered gold standards and are used most frequently, they are laborious, time consuming, and tedious and cannot meet the demand for rapid diagnoses. Disease diagnosis using capillary electrophoresis methods has the advantages of high efficiency, high throughput, and high speed, and coupled with the different nucleic acid detection strategies overcomes the drawbacks of traditional identification methods, precluding many types of false positive and negative results. Therefore, this review focuses on the application of capillary electrophoresis based on nucleic detection to the diagnosis of human infectious diseases, and offers an introduction to the limitations, advantages, and future developments of this approach.
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Rizk HH, Hamdy NM, Al-Ansari NL, El-Mesallamy HO. Pretreatment Predictors of Response to PegIFN-RBV Therapy in Egyptian Patients with HCV Genotype 4. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153895. [PMID: 27100663 PMCID: PMC4839712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Egypt has the highest prevalence of a difficult to treat chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV), genotype 4. Pretreatment factors could guide individualization of therapy which aids in treatment optimization and interleukin IL28B gene polymorphism has been shown to closely relate to HCV treatment response. Polymorphisms in genes encoding inhibitors of T-cell response, which have role in disease progression as Programmed Cell Death 1 (PD-1), and Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes Antigen-4 (CTLA-4), could be candidate markers predicting treatment response. METHODS This cohort study consisted of 200 chronic HCV genotype 4 infected patients treated with PegIFN α-2a and RBV in 2 hepatology centers. Genotyping of the polymorphisms in the IL28B gene region (rs12979860), PD1.3 (rs11568821) and CTLA-4 (rs231775) was performed on DNA collected from each patient using TaqMan® genotyping assay. Groups were classified according to response into sustained virological responders (SVR), or non-responders (NR). A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify potential markers, host pretreatment clinical and viral predictive factors including viral load, insulin resistance, and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) related to treatment response. RESULTS Our results showed that in a multivariate analyses IL28B C/C genotype was the most significant predictor for SVR (OR = 10.86; p<0.0001) followed by AFP (OR = 0.915; p = 0.001) then CTLA-4/G genotypes (OR = 1.948; p = 0.022). However, PD-1.3/A genotypes and platelets count were significantly related to response in univariate analysis only (OR = 1.973; p = 0.023; OR = 1.007; p = 0.009 respectively). CONCLUSION IL28B SNP, AFP level, and CTLA-4 SNP could be used in conjunction to predict treatment response in HCV genotype 4 infected Egyptian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan H. Rizk
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia M. Hamdy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nadia L. Al-Ansari
- Endemic Medicine Department & Hepatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala O. El-Mesallamy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Mathew S, Abdel-Hafiz H, Raza A, Fatima K, Qadri I. Host nucleotide polymorphism in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Hepatol 2016; 8:485-498. [PMID: 27057306 PMCID: PMC4820640 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v8.i10.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is etiologically linked with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and is the leading cause of death amongst 80% of HBV patients. Among HBV affected patients, genetic factors are also involved in modifying the risk factors of HCC. However, the genetic factors that regulate progression to HCC still remain to be determined. In this review, we discuss several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which were reportedly associated with increased or reduced risk of HCC occurrence in patients with chronic HBV infection such as cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression specifically at COX-2 -1195G/A in Chinese, Turkish and Egyptian populations, tumor necrosis factor α and the three most commonly studied SNPs: PAT-/+, Lys939Gln (A33512C, rs2228001) and Ala499Val (C21151T, rs2228000). In genome-wide association studies, strong associations have also been found at loci 1p36.22, 11q22.3, 6p21 (rs1419881, rs3997872, rs7453920 and rs7768538), 8p12 (rs2275959 and rs37821974) and 22q11.21. The genes implicated in these studies include HLA-DQB2, HLA-DQA1, TCF19, HLA-C, UBE2L3, LTL, FDX1, MICA, UBE4B and PG. The SNPs found to be associated with the above-mentioned genes still require validation in association studies in order to be considered good prognostic candidates for HCC. Screening of these polymorphisms is very beneficial in clinical experiments to stratify the higher or lower risk for HCC and may help in designing effective and efficient HCC surveillance programs for chronic HBV-infected patients if further genetic vulnerabilities are detected.
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Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 gene polymorphism influences the incidence of symptomatic human cytomegalovirus infection after renal transplantation. Pharmacogenet Genomics 2015; 25:19-29. [PMID: 25356901 DOI: 10.1097/fpc.0000000000000102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of CTLA4 gene polymorphisms in T-cell-mediated immunity in association with human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection after transplantation is poorly understood. In the present study, we have made an attempt to investigate the impact of CTLA4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs231775, rs5742909, rs11571317, rs16840252, rs4553808, rs3087243) and dinucleotide (AT)n repeat polymorphism on the incidence of symptomatic HCMV infection (disease) among 270 renal allograft recipients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genotyping of CTLA4 SNPs was performed by a PCR, followed by a restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. The detection of the dinucleotide (AT)n repeat polymorphism was carried out by PCR-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. RESULTS An almost three-fold increased risk was observed for the incidence of symptomatic HCMV infection in mutant genotype carriers of rs231775 and rs3087243 SNPs under additive and recessive models, respectively. The mutant haplotype carriers of six studied SNPs (rs231775, rs5742909, rs11571317, rs16840252, rs4553808 and rs3087243) showed an almost two-fold higher risk for symptomatic HCMV cases, whereas wild-type haplotype combinations of these six SNPs showed a protective effect. Subsequently, no correlation was observed in the promoter region SNPs of CTLA4, namely, rs5742909, rs11571317, rs16840252 and rs4553808 in symptomatic HCMV cases at the genotypic/allelic level. Survival analysis showed that the mutant genotypes of rs231775 and rs3087243 SNPs were associated with the lowest HCMV disease-free survival compared with heterozygous and wild genotypes. The crude and adjusted hazard ratios showed an almost three-fold and 2.5-fold increased risk in univariate and multivariate Cox regression models, respectively, for HCMV disease-free survival against mutant genotypes of rs231775 and rs3087243 SNPs. CTLA4 dinucleotide (AT)n repeat analysis showed that the smaller allele (102 bp) was associated with a protective effect, whereas the longer (110 and 116 bp) alleles showed a susceptible effect for symptomatic HCMV cases. CONCLUSION These results suggested that CTLA4 variants might be involved in the clinical manifestation of HCMV diseases.
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Ksiaa Cheikhrouhou L, Lakhoua-Gorgi Y, Sfar I, Jendoubi-Ayed S, Aouadi H, Makhlouf M, Ayed K, Ben Abdallah T. Natural evolution of hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis Tunisian patients and CTLA-4 SNP's. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:10150-10158. [PMID: 26401079 PMCID: PMC4572795 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i35.10150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To analyze the polymorphisms of CTLA-4 gene involved in the response against hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.
METHODS: We recruited 500 hemodialysed patients from several hemodialysis centers, all HCV-antibody positive, spread over different regions of Tunisia, as part of a national survey in 2008 conducted in the laboratory of immunology at the Charles Nicolle hospital Tunisia, classified into two groups G1 (PCR+) and G2 (PCR-) according to the presence or absence of viral RNA. Of these patients, 307 were followed prospectively on a viral molecular level over a period from 2002 to 2008, divided into two groups based on the persistence and viral clearance. PCR-RFLP was performed for the analysis of SNPs (+49) A/G and (+6230) G/A CTLA-4 for these 500 patients and 358 healthy controls.
RESULTS: Analysis of clinical and virological characteristics of our cohort suggests a nosocomial infection in our hemodialysed patients with transfusion history as a primary risk factor and a predominance of genotype 1b. The haplotype analysis revealed an increase of frequencies of GG (+49)/(CT60) CTLA-4 in the entire patients group compared to controls (P = 0.0036 and OR = 1.42; 95%CI: 1.12-1.79, respectively). This haplotype is therefore associated with susceptibility to HCV infection.
CONCLUSION: Our study suggests a possible role of CTLA-4 polymorphisms in the outcome of HCV infection in the Tunisian hemodialysed population.
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Hajilooi M, Lotfi P, Seif F, Bazmani A, Momeni M, Ravary A, Kazemi Arababadi M, Khalilian AR. The Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen-4 +49A/G Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Association With Visceral Leishmaniasis. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2014; 7:e12143. [PMID: 25632324 PMCID: PMC4295314 DOI: 10.5812/jjm.12143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Several lines of evidence approve that innate and adaptive immunity play key roles in the defense against visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The polymorphism within the cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) gene alters its expression. Objectives: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the polymorphism within the +49 position of the CTLA-4 gene of Iranian patients with VL in comparison with healthy controls. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 88 patients with clinical presentations of VL, who were seropositive for Leishmania (group 1), 86 patients without clinical presentations but seropositive (group 2), and 115 healthy controls (group 3) were assessed with respect to the CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphism, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The anti-Leishmania antibody titration was evaluated using an immunofluorescence method. Results: Our results indicated that both CTLA-4 +49A/G polymorphisms were significantly associated with VL. Conclusions: According to the results, the polymorphisms within the +49 position of CTLA-4 can be associated with VL and may be considered as risk factors for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hajilooi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran
| | - Pegah Lotfi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, IR Iran
| | - Ahad Bazmani
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Momeni
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ali Ravary
- Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Kazemi Arababadi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ali Reza Khalilian
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Ali Reza Khalilian, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-8118271560, Fax: +98-8118254073, E-mail:
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Eskandari-Nasab E, Moghadampour M, Najibi H, Hadadi-Fishani M. Investigation of CTLA-4 and CD86 gene polymorphisms in Iranian patients with brucellosis infection. Microbiol Immunol 2014; 58:135-41. [DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 11/11/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehdi Moghadampour
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine; Zahedan University of Medical Sciences; Zahedan
| | - Habib Najibi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biological Sciences; Shahid Beheshti University; Tehran Iran
| | - Mehdi Hadadi-Fishani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine; Zahedan University of Medical Sciences; Zahedan
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Caruz A, Neukam K, Rivero-Juárez A, Herrero R, Real LM, Camacho A, Barreiro P, Labarga P, Rivero A, Pineda JA. Association of low-density lipoprotein receptor genotypes with hepatitis C viral load. Genes Immun 2014; 15:16-24. [PMID: 24173146 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2013.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Several data suggest that low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) is a co-receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV). Soluble LDLR can inhibit HCV infectivity; greater plasma low-density lipoprotein levels are associated with treatment success; LDLR genotypes have a synergistic impact on the likelihood of achieving SVR with Peg-IFN plus RBV, as well as on viral kinetics after starting treatment. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of genetic polymorphisms in genes related to cholesterol synthesis and transport pathways on pre-treatment plasma HCV viral load (VL). A total of 442 patients infected with HCV and treatment naive were prospectively recruited. One hundred forty-four SNPs located in 40 genes from the cholesterol synthesis/transport and IL28B were genotyped and analyzed for genetic association with pre-treatment plasma HCV VL. SNPs rs1433099 and rs2569540 of LDLR showed association with plasma HCV VL (P=4 × 10(-4) and P=2 × 10(-3)) in patients infected with genotypes 1 and 4. A haplotype including the last three exons of LDLR showed association with the cutoff level of 600 000 IU ml(-1) VL for genotypes 1 and 4 (OR=0.27; P=8 × 10(-6)), as well as a quantitative VL (mean±s.d.: 6.19±0.9 vs CC+CG 5.58±1.1 logIU ml(-1), P=8 × 10(-5)). LDLR genotypes are a major genetic factor influencing HCV VL in patients infected with genotypes 1 and 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Caruz
- Immunogenetics Unit, Department of Experimental, Biology Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - K Neukam
- Unit of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville, Spain
| | - A Rivero-Juárez
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - R Herrero
- Immunogenetics Unit, Department of Experimental, Biology Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain
| | - L M Real
- Unit of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville, Spain
| | - A Camacho
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - P Barreiro
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - P Labarga
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Rivero
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Maimonides Institute for Biomedical Research (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J A Pineda
- Unit of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville, Spain
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17
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Neukam K, Caruz A, Rivero-Juárez A, Barreiro P, Merino D, Real LM, Herrero R, Camacho A, Soriano V, Di Lello FA, Macías J, Rivero A, Pineda JA. Variations at multiple genes improve interleukin 28B genotype predictive capacity for response to therapy against hepatitis C infection. AIDS 2013; 27:2715-24. [PMID: 23842134 DOI: 10.1097/01.aids.0000432459.36970.a9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify genetic factors that predict sustained virological response (SVR) to pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN)/ribavirin (RBV) in HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 or 4-coinfected patients and that enhance the predictive capacity of IL28B genotype in this population. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Five tertiary care centers in Spain. PATIENTS Two hundred and five HIV/HCV genotype 1 or 4-coinfected patients who received a complete course of Peg-IFN/RBV for 48 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES All individuals were genotyped for 144 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). RESULTS One hundred and sixty-two (79%) patients bore HCV genotype 1. Overall SVR was achieved by 73 (36%) individuals. SNPs at the following genes were associated with SVR: IL28B, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), aquaporine 2 (AQP-2), very-low-density lipoprotein receptor, Sp110 nuclear body protein, interferon alpha/beta receptor 1, 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase 1 and apolipoprotein B. There was a strong synergy between SNPs at IL28B, TGF-β and AQP-2 genes: the number of patients reaching SVR with all three favorable genotypes versus unfavorable genotypes were 22 (78.6%) versus 1 (7.1%) (P = 2.1 × 10). HCV baseline viral load, IL28B, TGF-β, AQP-2 and LDLR haplotypes were independently associated with SVR. CONCLUSION A number of genetic factors modify the predictive capacity of IL28B genotype. These can be used to identify HCV genotype 1 or 4-infected patients with a very high or a very low probability to respond to bitherapy with Peg-IFN/RBV. Predictive models based on these factors could be helpful to tailor direct acting antiviral-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Neukam
- aUnit of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Hospital Universitario de Valme bInstituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Seville cImmunogenetics Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Jaén, Jaen dUnit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba eDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Madrid fUnit of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Juan Ramón Jiménez. Huelva, Spain
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Khorshied MM, Gouda HM, Khorshid OMR. Association of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 genetic polymorphism, hepatitis C viral infection and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: an Egyptian study. Leuk Lymphoma 2013; 55:1061-6. [PMID: 23829277 DOI: 10.3109/10428194.2013.820294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Genetic and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The present study aimed to investigate the association between cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) genetic polymorphism, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and B-cell NHL risk in Egypt. Genotyping of CTLA-4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay for 181 adult patients with B-NHL and 200 controls. Our study revealed that CTLA-4 + 49 A/G polymorphism conferred increased risk of B-NHL (odds ratio [OR] = 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.36-2.565). The prevalence of HCV infection in individuals harboring the mutant genotype + 49 A/G and - 318 C/T SNPs was higher in patients with B-NHL and was associated with increased risk of B-NHL (OR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.24-6.93 for + 49 A/G and OR = 3.9, 95% CI = 1.01-15.98 for - 318 C/T). In conclusion, some SNPs of CTLA-4 are genetic risk factors for B-NHL. Moreover, this study identified an association of CTLA-4 + 49 A/G and - 318 C/T promoter polymorphisms with HCV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mervat Mamdooh Khorshied
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University , Cairo , Egypt
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Sharma A, Thompson JA, Repaka A, Mehnert JM. Ipilimumab administration in patients with advanced melanoma and hepatitis B and C. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:e370-2. [PMID: 23775956 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.47.1946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anupa Sharma
- University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
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