Cerebral venous thrombosis in an individual with multiple myeloma treated with lenalidomide

Spontaneous regression of a thrombosed cerebral arteriovenous malformation in a patient with a prothrombotic state associated with multiple myeloma: A case report and literature review

Background

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are pathologic communications between veins and arteries of the brain vasculature. Its spontaneous regression is rare, and many factors have been described in the effort to explain this phenomenon, including a hypercoagulable state.

Case Description

We present the case of a spontaneous unruptured AVM regression in a patient where thrombosis of the malformation was found, probably due to a prothrombotic state associated with multiple myeloma (MM).

Conclusion

We aim to contribute to the study of this rare phenomenon, presenting the relationship between a hypercoagulable state caused by MM and the spontaneous AVM regression that has not been previously reported.

Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in the Setting of Malignancy: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare condition that can be difficult to diagnose due to its vague and nonspecific symptoms. It is even more unusual to identify CVT in association with malignancy. Given the rarity of this disease, treatment and management of CVT in the setting of malignancy is not well defined. This case report and review of the literature addresses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and medical treatment for malignancy-related CVT.

Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis

Cerebral sinus venous thrombosis (CSVT) is a rare phenomenon that can be seen with some frequency in young patients. CSVT is a multifactorial condition with gender-related specific causes, with a wide clinical presentation, the leading causes differ between developed and developing countries, converting CSVT in a condition characterized by a highly variable clinical spectra, difficult diagnosis, variable etiologies and prognosis that requires fine medical skills and a high suspicious index. Patients who presents with CSVT should underwent to CT-scan venography (CVT) and to the proper inquiry of the generating cause. This disease can affect the cerebral venous drainage and related anatomical structure. The symptoms may appear in relation to increased intracranial pressure imitating a pseudotumorcerebri. Prognosis depends on the early detection. Correcting the cause, generally the complications can be prevented. Mortality trends have diminished, and with the new technologies, surely it will continue. This work aims to review current knowledge about CSVT including its pathogenesis, etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment.