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Straticò P, Guerri G, Palozzo A, Varasano V, Petrizzi L. Current Use of Equine Laparoscopy in Urogenital Disorders: A Scoping Review of the Literature from 2000 to 2021. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9020041. [PMID: 35202295 PMCID: PMC8876348 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Laparoscopic surgery replaced traditional invasive techniques for the treatment of common urogenital disorders in equids. The aim of this review is to evaluate applications and the development of urogenital laparoscopy from 2001 to 2021. (2) Methods: A scoping review of literature was undertaken according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for scoping reviews on three databases (NCBI-PubMed, Web of Science-Thompson Reuters, and SciVerse Scopus). (3) Results: A total of 452 papers were identified. After duplicate removal and title screening, 181 papers underwent abstract screening. Of these, 160 + 10 papers (cited by others) were assessed for eligibility according to the PICOs. A total of 132 papers were considered eligible. Most of the research was focused on ovaries and testes, followed by urinary bladder and general articles about laparoscopy in horses. We identified 43 original studies (33%, RCT, NoRCT, and experimental trials), 39 case series/retrospective studies (29%), 37 case reports (28%), and 13 reviews (10%, narrative or systematic). (4) Conclusions: Gonadal disorders were the most investigated. Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery (HALS) and laparoscopic-assisted surgery represent valuable options for more challenging conditions (uterine and urinary bladder disorders).
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Ibrahim A, Mahmoud UT, Ali MM, Ragab SMM. Evaluation of the subcapsular technique for primary closure castration in donkeys (Equus asinus). Sci Rep 2021; 11:14080. [PMID: 34234262 PMCID: PMC8263736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study described the subcapsular technique for primary closure castration in donkeys with special regard to its efficiency and welfare impacts. The study was conducted on twelve adult male donkeys, allocated randomly into two groups; subcapsular castration (SC) and open castration (OC) groups, whether the donkeys were subjected to surgical castration either by subcapsular or open castration techniques, respectively. Testosterone, cortisol, lactate, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured before and after castration. Pain-associated behavioral activities were recorded post-castration. The SC was successfully performed in donkeys through a single paramedian scrotal incision. The SC was efficient as OC in reducing testosterone levels. The pain score decreased in the SC compared to the OC over time. The SC was an efficient and reliable technique for primary closure castration in donkeys with minimal postoperative complications and care and good cosmetic, physiological, and behavioral outcomes. It can be an alternative to other castration techniques in equines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ibrahim
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XVeterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Usama T. Mahmoud
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Animal and Poultry Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Magda M. Ali
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Sohair M. M. Ragab
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut Uuniversity, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
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Madbouly H, Korany R, El-Shahat K, Eissa H, Fathi M. Efficacy of Intratesticular Glycerol Injection as Male Cat Contraception in Comparison with Two Surgical Approaches. Top Companion Anim Med 2020; 42:100493. [PMID: 33152526 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2020.100493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of the current study were to compare the use of a single bilateral intratesticular injection of 2 different volumes of glycerol 70% (0.5 and 1.0 mL) as a method of chemical sterilization and the application of 2 surgical procedures (orchiectomy and vasoligation). Animals were classified into 4 groups. Group 1:10 cats were subjected to a conventional bilateral orchidectomy. Group 2:6 cats were subjected to a bilateral vasoligation of the testicular blood supply without removing the testicles. Group 3:7 cats were subjected to a single intratesticular injection of 0.5 mL glycerol bilaterally and Group 4:7 cats were subjected to a single intratesticular injection of 1.0 mL glycerol bilaterally. Serum testosterone concentration (ng/mL) and average testicular length (cm) were measured just before (control) and weekly after orchiectomy (only serum testosterone concentration), vasoligation, and intratesticular treatment for 3 consecutive weeks. After 2 months from testicular vasoligation (group 2) and intratesticular administration (group 3 and 4), castration was performed for all cats. The epididymal sperm count and the histopathological findings were recorded for all groups after the orchidectomy. In group 2 serum testosterone level was significantly (P ˂ .01) decreased from (4.14 ± 1.10 ng/mL) before vasoligation (control) to (1.71 ± 0.34 ng/mL) 3 weeks postoperation. In group 4 a significant (P ˂ .01) decrease in serum testosterone concentration was recorded 2 and 3 weeks postinjection (1.41 ± 0.31 and 1.32 ± 0.21 ng/mL, respectively). There was a significant decrease in the testicular length 1 week after the vasoligation (group 2) and the testicular treatment (group 4) compared with preoperative controls of the 2 groups. Besides, the epididymal samples collected from groups (2 and 4) showed azoospermia. In conclusion, a bilateral intratesticular injection of 1.0 mL glycerol (70%) as a chemical method of tomcat sterilization can replace the surgical orchidectomy besides being less invasive and less traumatic and gave better results than using the intratesticular injection of 0.5 mL glycerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hager Madbouly
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Reda Korany
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Khaled El-Shahat
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Hany Eissa
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Fathi
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
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Lacitignola L, Imperante A, De Siena R, Acquafredda C, Trisciuzzi R, Stabile M, Confalonieri E, Crovace AM, Staffieri F. Wound Retractor Laparoscopic Port System for Standing Laparoscopic Cryptorchidectomy in the Horse: A Case Report. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 92:103168. [PMID: 32797790 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Cryptorchidectomy is the most commonly performed laparoscopic procedure in horses. However, its use for the extraction of an abdominal testis has disadvantages such as loss of a resected testis from grasp and fragmentation of the specimen because of the excessive tension required for extraction through a thick body wall. The ring wound retractor laparoscopic port system was recently used in human and small animal surgery to perform laparoscopic-assisted procedures and retrieve large specimens from the abdomen. In the present case, the wound retractor was placed as the ventral port in the right flank through a minilaparotomy. Thereafter, the cap with the gas inlet and instrument port was connected. The other two ports were placed dorsally using 10-mm stainless steel cannulas. Grasping forcep was introduced through the ventral port, and the laparoscope and vessel-sealing devices were introduced through the dorsal ports. After the testis was resected, it was retrieved from the abdomen through the retractor without the grasping forceps jaw being released. This is the first case report describing the use of the wound retractor laparoscopic port system for standing cryptorchidectomy in a horse. This system can be a feasible and safe option for flank laparoscopy in horses, and it facilitates specimen retrieval from the abdominal cavity, but further studies should confirm this preliminary report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Lacitignola
- Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy.
| | - Annarita Imperante
- Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy; Dottorato di ricerca in "Trapianti di Tessuti ed Organi e Terapie Cellulari", Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | | | - Claudia Acquafredda
- Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy; Dottorato di ricerca in "Trapianti di Tessuti ed Organi e Terapie Cellulari", Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Rodrigo Trisciuzzi
- Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy; Dottorato di ricerca in "Trapianti di Tessuti ed Organi e Terapie Cellulari", Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Marzia Stabile
- Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy; Dottorato di ricerca in "Trapianti di Tessuti ed Organi e Terapie Cellulari", Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Ester Confalonieri
- Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Alberto Maria Crovace
- Scuola di Bioscienze e Medicina Veterinaria, Università di Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Francesco Staffieri
- Dipartimento dell'Emergenza e dei Trapianti di Organi (DETO), Sezione di Cliniche Veterinarie e P.A, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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de Fourmestraux C, Geffroy O, Siliart B, Albaric O, Tessier C. Evaluation of success rate of laparoscopic castration without orchidectomy in 32 mature horses. EQUINE VET EDUC 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/eve.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. de Fourmestraux
- Department of Surgery; Equine Clinic; National College of Veterinary Medicine; Food Science and Engineering, Atlanpôle-La Chantrerie; Nantes Cedex France
| | - O. Geffroy
- Department of Surgery; Equine Clinic; National College of Veterinary Medicine; Food Science and Engineering, Atlanpôle-La Chantrerie; Nantes Cedex France
| | - B. Siliart
- Department of Nutrition and Endocrinology; National College of Veterinary Medicine; Food Science and Engineering, Atlanpôle-La Chantrerie; Nantes Cedex France
| | - O. Albaric
- Department of Pathology; ONIRIS; National College of Veterinary Medicine; Food Science and Engineering, Atlanpôle-La Chantrerie; Nantes Cedex France
| | - C. Tessier
- Department of Surgery; Equine Clinic; National College of Veterinary Medicine; Food Science and Engineering, Atlanpôle-La Chantrerie; Nantes Cedex France
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Abou-Ahmed HM, EL-Kammar MH, EL-Neweshy MS, Abdel-Wahed RE. Comparative Evaluation of Three In Situ Castration Techniques for Sterilizing Donkeys: Incision–Ligation (a Novel Technique), Section–Ligation–Release, and Pinhole. J Equine Vet Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2012.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mathon DH, Palierne S, Meynaud-Collard P, Layssol-Lamour C, Dulaurent- Ferrieres A, Colson A, Lacroix M, Bousquet-Melou A, Delverdier M, Autefage A. Laparoscopic-Assisted Colopexy and Sterilization in Male Dogs: Short-Term Results and Physiologic Consequences. Vet Surg 2011; 40:500-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950x.2011.00835.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Surgical castration of giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) has not been commonly performed. Large domestic animal castration has a significant complication rate that includes postoperative mortality. Documentation of castration techniques and complications in large domestic animals occurs regularly. However, literature describing castration experiences with large zoo mammals is sparse. In addition, a suitable anesthetic regimen for surgical castration of giraffe has not been confirmed. Open castration using an emasculator plus ligation was performed in three subadult giraffe weighing 555-711 kg. Scrotal incisions were left open and healed in about 6 wk. One animal developed scrotal dermatitis. No other complications occurred. As slow scrotal healing can increase the risk of ascending infection, partial or complete scrotal closure for giraffe may warrant consideration. Experiences with these animals also suggest that closed or modified closed castration may be considered for giraffe of this size. Thiafentanil, medetomidine, and ketamine plus local lidocaine provided suitable anesthesia for surgical castration.
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Saifzadeh S, Hobbenaghi R, Asri-Rezaei S, Shokouhi S J F, Dalir-Naghadeh B, Rohi S M. Evaluation of 'Section-Ligation-Release (SLR)' technique devised for castration in the stallion. Reprod Domest Anim 2008; 43:678-84. [PMID: 18507795 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2007.00969.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A novel technique [Section-Ligation-Release (SLR)] was evaluated for castration in the horse. Clinical traits, serum testosterone concentrations after challenge with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), and histopathological changes of the testicular tissue were assessed. Five stallions, aged 24-48 months, were castrated using SLR technique under general anaesthesia. Both spermatic cords in each stallion were exposed at the scrotal neck by two 5-cm long incisions, followed by sharp dissection through the parietal vaginal tunic. Both vascular and non-vascular structures in the cords were triple clamped, transected and ligated. Both testes were left in situ. Serum testosterone concentrations were measured pre-operatively and at 2 months after castration following IV administration of 1 x 10(4) IU of hCG. Both testes from each castrate were collected at 2 months for histopathologic examination. SLR castration was successfully achieved. Moderated scrotal and preputial swelling was the only experienced short-term complication. Serum testosterone concentrations were significantly lower than basal pre-operative levels at 2 months after castration, and did not respond to hCG. On histopathology, hyalinization of the seminiferous tubules and loss of testicular interstitial tissue were indicative of complete avascular necrosis. This novel primary closure castration technique of stallion is a simple practical method, with minimal post-operative complications; and could be safely advocated as an alternative to the traditional castration techniques allowing for second intention healing of scrotal wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Saifzadeh
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe a minimally invasive technique for castration of bull calves by in situ ligation of the spermatic cord. STUDY DESIGN Experimental study. ANIMALS Male calves (n=6) aged, 48-56 days. METHODS Calves were blocked by weight and then separated into 3 groups: (1) bilateral spermatic cord ligation; (2) unilateral-1 spermatic cord ligated; and (3) control-neither spermatic cord ligated. After local anesthesia, in situ spermatic cord ligation was achieved by restraining the cord laterally within the scrotal sac and passing suture through a hypodermic needle inserted caudal to cranial at the neck of the scrotum and adjacent the medial margin of the restrained spermatic cord. The needle was removed leaving the suture in place and the spermatic cord repositioned medially, then the needle was reinserted through the original holes and the suture passed back through the needle, which was withdrawn. The suture ends were tied ligating the spermatic cord, leaving the knot subcutaneously. Calves were monitored and testes removed after 30 days for gross and histologic examination. RESULTS Castration was accomplished without postoperative complications. Spermatic cord ligation resulted in testis atrophy, and histologically, complete ischemic necrosis. CONCLUSIONS This novel minimally invasive technique is a simple, alternative method for castration of bull calves. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This method of castration is simply performed, without obvious skin wounds, and no postoperative care needed. The technique should be readily adaptable to other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kombairaju S Ponvijay
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India.
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