1
|
Obukhova P, Tyrtysh T, Tsygankova S, Paramonov A, Gordeeva E, Shilova N, Lipatnikov A, Sokolova M, Henry S, Salimov E, Bovin N, Ryzhov I. Chemical Resolution of an Epitope Recognized by Blood Group Antibodies Capable of Binding Both A and B Red Blood Cells. Chembiochem 2024; 25:e202400430. [PMID: 38900551 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202400430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The high specificity of human antibodies to blood group A and B antigens is impressive, especially when considering the structural difference between these antigens (tetrasaccharides) is a NHAc versus a hydroxyl group on the terminal monosaccharide residue. It is well established that in addition to anti-A and anti-B there is a third antibody, anti-A,B capable of recognizing both A and B antigens. To analyze this AB specificity, we synthesized a tetrasaccharide, where the NHAc of the A antigen was replaced with an NH2. This NH2 group was then used to attach the glycan to an affinity resin, creating an AB epitope (ABep) adsorbent where the critical site for recognition by A and B antibodies was not accessible, while the rest of the (conformationally compact) tetrasaccharide remained accessible. Anti-ABep antibodies were then isolated from blood group O donors and found to have expected A,B specificity against immobilized and red cell bound synthetic antigens, including ABep, and were able to agglutinate both A and B red cells. The amount of these anti-ABep (anti-A,B) antibodies found in the blood of group O donors was comparable to levels of anti-A and anti-B found in group B and A individuals. Using STD-NMR the location for the AB epitope on the tetrasaccharide was found.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Polina Obukhova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- FSBI - National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov Ministry of Health care of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Tyrtysh
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana Tsygankova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Paramonov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Elena Gordeeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Shilova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
- FSBI - National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology named after Academician V. I. Kulakov Ministry of Health care of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Lipatnikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Sokolova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Emin Salimov
- I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health care of the Russian Federation (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nicolai Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan Ryzhov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mironov AA, Savin MA, Zaitseva AV, Dimov ID, Sesorova IS. Mechanisms of Formation of Antibodies against Blood Group Antigens That Do Not Exist in the Body. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15044. [PMID: 37894724 PMCID: PMC10606600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The system of the four different human blood groups is based on the oligosaccharide antigens A or B, which are located on the surface of blood cells and other cells including endothelial cells, attached to the membrane proteins or lipids. After transfusion, the presence of these antigens on the apical surface of endothelial cells could induce an immunological reaction against the host. The final oligosaccharide sequence of AgA consists of Gal-GlcNAc-Gal (GalNAc)-Fuc. AgB contains Gal-GlcNAc-Gal (Gal)-Fuc. These antigens are synthesised in the Golgi complex (GC) using unique Golgi glycosylation enzymes (GGEs). People with AgA also synthesise antibodies against AgB (group A [II]). People with AgB synthesise antibodies against AgA (group B [III]). People expressing AgA together with AgB (group AB [IV]) do not have these antibodies, while people who do not express these antigens (group O [0; I]) synthesise antibodies against both antigens. Consequently, the antibodies are synthesised against antigens that apparently do not exist in the body. Here, we compared the prediction power of the main hypotheses explaining the formation of these antibodies, namely, the concept of natural antibodies, the gut bacteria-derived antibody hypothesis, and the antibodies formed as a result of glycosylation mistakes or de-sialylation of polysaccharide chains. We assume that when the GC is overloaded with lipids, other less specialised GGEs could make mistakes and synthesise the antigens of these blood groups. Alternatively, under these conditions, the chylomicrons formed in the enterocytes may, under this overload, linger in the post-Golgi compartment, which is temporarily connected to the endosomes. These compartments contain neuraminidases that can cleave off sialic acid, unmasking these blood antigens located below the acid and inducing the production of antibodies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Mironov
- Department of Cell Biology, IFOM ETS—The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello, 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Maksim A. Savin
- The Department for Welding Production and Technology of Constructional Materials, Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Komsomolsky Prospekt, 29, 614990 Perm, Russia;
| | - Anna V. Zaitseva
- Department of Anatomy, Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, 194100 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ivan D. Dimov
- Department of Cell Biology, IFOM ETS—The AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Via Adamello, 16, 20139 Milan, Italy
| | - Irina S. Sesorova
- Department of Anatomy, Ivanovo State Medical Academy, 153012 Ivanovo, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bentall A, Jeyakanthan M, Braitch M, Cairo CW, Lowary TL, Maier S, Halpin A, Motyka B, Zou L, West LJ, Ball S. Characterization of ABH-subtype donor-specific antibodies in ABO-A-incompatible kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant 2021; 21:3649-3662. [PMID: 34101982 PMCID: PMC8597088 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.16712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
ABO-incompatible (ABOi) transplantation requires preemptive antibody reduction; however, the relationship between antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) and ABO-antibodies, quantified by hemagglutination (HA), is inconsistent, possibly reflecting variable graft resistance to AMR or HA assay limitations. Using an ABH-glycan microarray, we quantified ABO-A antigen-subtype (A-subtype)-specific IgM and IgG in 53 ABO-O recipients of ABO-A kidneys, before and after antibody removal (therapeutic plasma exchange [TPE] or ABO-A-trisaccharide immunoadsorption [IA]) and 1-year posttransplant. IgM binding to all A-subtypes correlated highly (R2 ≥ .90) and A-subtype antibody specificities was reduced equally by IA versus TPE. IgG binding to the A-subtypes (II-IV) expressed in kidney correlated poorly (.27 ≤ R2 ≤ .69). Reduction of IgG specific to A-subtype-II was equivalent for IA and TPE, whereas IgG specific to A-subtypes-III/IV was not as greatly reduced by IA (p < .005). One-year posttransplant, IgG specific to A-II remained the most reduced antibody. Immunostaining revealed only A-II on vascular endothelium but A-subtypes II-III/IV on tubular epithelium. These results show that ABO-A-trisaccharide is sufficient for IgM binding to all A-subtypes; this is true for IgG binding to A-II, but not subtypes-III/IV, which exhibits varying degrees of specificity. We identify A-II as the major, but importantly not the sole, antigen relevant to treatment and immune modulation in adult ABO-A-incompatible kidney transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Bentall
- Department of NephrologyUniversity HospitalBirminghamUK,Division of Nephrology and HypertensionMayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Mylvaganam Jeyakanthan
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryJames Cook University HospitalMiddlesbroughUK,Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | | | - Christopher W. Cairo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of ChemistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Todd L. Lowary
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of ChemistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Stephanie Maier
- Alberta Transplant Institute and Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research ProgramUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Anne Halpin
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada,Alberta Transplant Institute and Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research ProgramUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Bruce Motyka
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada,Alberta Transplant Institute and Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research ProgramUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Lu Zou
- Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of ChemistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Lori J. West
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada,Alberta Transplant Institute and Canadian Donation and Transplantation Research ProgramUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada,Department of Laboratory Medicine and PathologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada,Department of SurgeryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada,Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Simon Ball
- Department of NephrologyUniversity HospitalBirminghamUK,School of Immunity and InfectionUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shilova NV, Ryzhov IM, Ziganshina MM, Rakitko AS, Huflejt ME, Bovin NV. Negative Correlation between Natural Human Antibodies Directed to Glycotopes Galβ1-3GlcNAc and Galβ1-4GlcNAc. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020060291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
5
|
Kunetskiy RA, Pazynina GV, Ivanov IA, Bovin NV. Synthesis of blood group A and B (type 2) tetrasaccharides. A strategy with fucosylation at the last stage. Carbohydr Res 2020; 498:108192. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
6
|
Dobrochaeva K, Khasbiullina N, Shilova N, Antipova N, Obukhova P, Ovchinnikova T, Galanina O, Blixt O, Kunz H, Filatov A, Knirel Y, LePendu J, Khaidukov S, Bovin N. Specificity of human natural antibodies referred to as anti-Tn. Mol Immunol 2020; 120:74-82. [PMID: 32087569 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
To understand the role of human natural IgM known as antibodies against the carbohydrate epitope Tn, the antibodies were isolated using GalNAcα-Sepharose affinity chromatography, and their specificity was profiled using microarrays (a glycan array printed with oligosaccharides and bacterial polysaccharides, as well as a glycopeptide array), flow cytometry, and inhibition ELISA. The antibodies bound a restricted number of GalNAcα-terminated oligosaccharides better than the parent monosaccharide, e.g., 6-O-Su-GalNAcα and GalNAcα1-3Galβ1-3(4)GlcNAcβ. The binding with several bacterial polysaccharides that have no structural resemblance to the affinity ligand GalNAcα was quite unexpected. Given that GalNAcα is considered the key fragment of the Tn antigen, it is surprising that these antibodies bind weakly GalNAcα-OSer and do not bind a wide variety of GalNAcα-OSer/Thr-containing mucin glycopeptides. At the same time, we have observed specific binding to cells having Tn-positive glycoproteins containing similar glycopeptide motifs in a conformationally rigid macromolecule. Thus, specific recognition of the Tn antigen apparently requires that the naturally occurring "anti-Tn" IgM recognize a complex epitope comprising the GalNAcα as an essential component and a fairly long amino acid sequence where the amino acids adjacent to GalNAcα do not contact the antibody paratope; i.e., the antibodies recognize a spatial epitope or a molecular pattern rather than a classical continuous sequence. In addition, we have not found any increase in the binding of natural antibodies when GalNAcα residues were clustered. These results may help in further development of anticancer vaccines based on synthetic Tn constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kira Dobrochaeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Nailya Khasbiullina
- Semiotik LLC, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation; Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Shilova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; Semiotik LLC, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda Antipova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation; National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 101000, Russian Federation
| | - Polina Obukhova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation; National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of the Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana Ovchinnikova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Oxana Galanina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Ola Blixt
- Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Horst Kunz
- Institut Für Organische Chemie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Alexander Filatov
- Institute of Immunology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency of Russia, Moscow, 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Yuriy Knirel
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Jacques LePendu
- University of Nantes, Inserm, U892 IRT UN, 8 Quai MonCousu, BP70721 Nantes, FR 44007, France
| | - Sergey Khaidukov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Nicolai Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
E Perry H, Ryzhov I, Galanina O, V Bovin N, M Henry S. Incidence in plasma of low level antibodies against three xenotransplantation and immunotherapeutic glycan antigens. AIMS ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.3934/allergy.2020007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
|
8
|
Ryzhov IM, Bovin NV. Synthesis of glycans functioning as antigens of the ABO blood group system. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
9
|
Flegel WA, Henry SM. Can anti-A 1 cause hemolysis? Transfusion 2019; 58:3036-3037. [PMID: 30520091 DOI: 10.1111/trf.14996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Willy A Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Stephen M Henry
- Centre for Kode Technology Innovation, School of Engineering, Computer & Mathematical Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Perry H, Bovin N, Henry S. A standardized kodecyte method to quantify ABO antibodies in undiluted plasma of patients before ABO‐incompatible kidney transplantation. Transfusion 2019; 59:2131-2140. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.15247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Holly Perry
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental SciencesAuckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand
- Centre for Kode Technology Innovation, School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Design and Creative TechnologiesAuckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand
| | - Nicolai Bovin
- Centre for Kode Technology Innovation, School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Design and Creative TechnologiesAuckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand
- Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Moscow Russian Federation
| | - Stephen Henry
- Centre for Kode Technology Innovation, School of Engineering, Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Design and Creative TechnologiesAuckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Human antibodies eluted from ligand-free Sepharose capable of binding bacterial polysaccharides and sulfated glycans. Mol Immunol 2019; 106:63-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
12
|
Dean CL, Sullivan HC, Stowell SR, Fasano RM, West LJ, Robitaille N, Josephson CD. Current state of transfusion practices for ABO-incompatible pediatric heart transplant patients in the United States and Canada. Transfusion 2018; 58:2243-2249. [DOI: 10.1111/trf.14775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina L. Dean
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Harold C. Sullivan
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Sean R. Stowell
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Ross M. Fasano
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine
- Departments of Hematology and Clinical Pathology; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia
| | - Lori J. West
- Department of Pediatrics; Alberta Transplant Institute, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta; Edmonton Alberta Canada
| | - Nancy Robitaille
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Pediatrics; CHU Sainte-Justine; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Cassandra D. Josephson
- Center for Transfusion and Cellular Therapies, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine; Emory University School of Medicine
- Departments of Hematology and Clinical Pathology; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Arend P. Position of human blood group O(H) and phenotype-determining enzymes in growth and infectious disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1425:5-18. [PMID: 29754430 PMCID: PMC7676429 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The human ABO(H) blood group phenotypes arise from the evolutionarily oldest genetic system found in primate populations. While the blood group antigen A is considered the ancestral primordial structure, under the selective pressure of life‐threatening diseases blood group O(H) came to dominate as the most frequently occurring blood group worldwide. Non‐O(H) phenotypes demonstrate impaired formation of adaptive and innate immunoglobulin specificities due to clonal selection and phenotype formation in plasma proteins. Compared with individuals with blood group O(H), blood group A individuals not only have a significantly higher risk of developing certain types of cancer but also exhibit high susceptibility to malaria tropica or infection by Plasmodium falciparum. The phenotype‐determining blood group A glycotransferase(s), which affect the levels of anti‐A/Tn cross‐reactive immunoglobulins in phenotypic glycosidic accommodation, might also mediate adhesion and entry of the parasite to host cells via trans‐species O‐GalNAc glycosylation of abundantly expressed serine residues that arise throughout the parasite's life cycle, while excluding the possibility of antibody formation against the resulting hybrid Tn antigen. In contrast, human blood group O(H), lacking this enzyme, is indicated to confer a survival advantage regarding the overall risk of developing cancer, and individuals with this blood group rarely develop life‐threatening infections involving evolutionarily selective malaria strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Arend
- Department of Medicine, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg/Lahn, Germany. Gastroenterology Research Laboratory, College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa. Research Laboratories, Chemie Grünenthal GmbH, Aachen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tyrtysh TV, Korchagina EY, Ryzhov IM, Bovin NV. Gram scale synthesis of A (type 2) and B (type 2) blood group tetrasaccharides through 1,6-anhydro-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine. Carbohydr Res 2017; 449:65-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
15
|
Pazynina GV, Tsygankova SV, Sablina MA, Paramonov AS, Formanovsky AA, Bovin NV. Synthesis of blood group pentasaccharides ALey, BLey and related tri- and tetrasaccharides. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
16
|
Williams E, Korchagina E, Frame T, Ryzhov I, Bovin N, Henry S. Glycomapping the fine specificity of monoclonal and polyclonal Lewis antibodies with type-specific Lewis kodecytes and function-spacer-lipid constructs printed on paper. Transfusion 2015; 56:325-33. [PMID: 26589374 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 08/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lewis serologic reagents frequently give inaccurate phenotyping results. Furthermore these serologic reagents are often used in nonserologic assays such as inhibition and immunohistochemistry. In both scenarios knowledge of the fine specificity and cross-reactivity of these reagents will improve the quality of results obtained. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A range of contemporary and historical workshop and developmental Lewis reagents including mouse monoclonal (MoAb) and human and goat polyclonal (PoAb) reagents were evaluated. All were evaluated both against Lewis kodecytes expressing only single Le(a) , Le(b) , ALe(b) , BLe(b) , Le(x) , Le(y) , ALe(y) , or BLe(y) antigens and against the same antigens inkjet printed on a paper-based microplate and analyzed by enzyme immunoassay. Nine clinical samples were also evaluated. A kodecyte antigen dilution sensitivity assay was used to establish the ratio of Le(b) antigen between group A1 /A2 and O RBCs. RESULTS A continuum of cross-reactivity from Le(x) through to H was observed with MoAbs. All PoAb and few MoAb anti-Le(a) samples and reagents cross-reacted to some degree with Le(b) antigen. Some PoAb and MoAb anti-Le(b) did not cross-react with Le(a) . All polyclonal goat anti-Le(b) reagents showed substantial activity against ALe(b) and BLe(b) , while no MoAb reagent had this activity. A1 RBCs had less than half the Le(b) antigen of A2 /O RBCs. CONCLUSIONS Substantial cross-reactivity of both MoAbs and PoAbs with related antigens highlights the risks of using serologic reagents in nonserologic assays or against synthetic antigens. The lack of ALe(b) activity in anti-Le(b) MoAbs explains their poor performance against blood group A1 Le(a-b+) phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eleanor Williams
- Biotech Innovation Centre, Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Elena Korchagina
- Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | | | - Ivan Ryzhov
- Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Nicolai Bovin
- Shemyakin Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Stephen Henry
- Biotech Innovation Centre, Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Flegel WA. Pathogenesis and mechanisms of antibody-mediated hemolysis. Transfusion 2015; 55 Suppl 2:S47-58. [PMID: 26174897 DOI: 10.1111/trf.13147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical consequences of antibodies to red blood cells (RBCs) have been studied for a century. Most clinically relevant antibodies can be detected by sensitive in vitro assays. Several mechanisms of antibody-mediated hemolysis are well understood. Such hemolysis after transfusion is reliably avoided in a donor-recipient pair, if one individual is negative for the cognate antigen to which the other has the antibody. STUDY DESIGN AND RESULTS Mechanisms of antibody-mediated hemolysis were reviewed based on a presentation at the Strategies to Address Hemolytic Complications of Immune Globulin Infusions Workshop addressing intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and ABO antibodies. The presented topics included the rates of intravascular and extravascular hemolysis; immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG isoagglutinins; auto- and alloantibodies; antibody specificity; A, B, A,B, and A1 antigens; A1 versus A2 phenotypes; monocytes-macrophages, other immune cells, and complement; monocyte monolayer assay; antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity; and transfusion reactions due to ABO and other antibodies. CONCLUSION Several clinically relevant questions remained unresolved, and diagnostic tools were lacking to routinely and reliably predict the clinical consequences of RBC antibodies. Most hemolytic transfusion reactions associated with IVIG were due to ABO antibodies. Reducing the titers of such antibodies in IVIG may lower the frequency of this kind of adverse event. The only way to stop these events is to have no anti-A or anti-B in the IVIG products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Willy A Flegel
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, NIH Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Bello-Gil D, Manez R. Exploiting natural anti-carbohydrate antibodies for therapeutic purposes. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 80:836-45. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915070044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
19
|
|
20
|
Haji-Ghassemi O, Blackler RJ, Martin Young N, Evans SV. Antibody recognition of carbohydrate epitopes†. Glycobiology 2015; 25:920-52. [PMID: 26033938 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbohydrate antigens are valuable as components of vaccines for bacterial infectious agents and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and for generating immunotherapeutics against cancer. The crystal structures of anti-carbohydrate antibodies in complex with antigen reveal the key features of antigen recognition and provide information that can guide the design of vaccines, particularly synthetic ones. This review summarizes structural features of anti-carbohydrate antibodies to over 20 antigens, based on six categories of glyco-antigen: (i) the glycan shield of HIV glycoproteins; (ii) tumor epitopes; (iii) glycolipids and blood group A antigen; (iv) internal epitopes of bacterial lipopolysaccharides; (v) terminal epitopes on polysaccharides and oligosaccharides, including a group of antibodies to Kdo-containing Chlamydia epitopes; and (vi) linear homopolysaccharides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Omid Haji-Ghassemi
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 3P6
| | - Ryan J Blackler
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 3P6
| | - N Martin Young
- Human Health Therapeutics, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0R6
| | - Stephen V Evans
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada V8P 3P6
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Späth PJ, Granata G, La Marra F, Kuijpers TW, Quinti I. On the dark side of therapies with immunoglobulin concentrates: the adverse events. Front Immunol 2015; 6:11. [PMID: 25699039 PMCID: PMC4318428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapy by human immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrates is a success story ongoing for decades with an ever increasing demand for this plasma product. The success of IgG concentrates on a clinical level is documented by the slowly increasing number of registered indication and the more rapid increase of the off-label uses, a topic dealt with in another contribution to this special issue of Frontiers in Immunology. A part of the success is the adverse event (AE) profile of IgG concentrates which is, even at life-long need for therapy, excellent. Transmission of pathogens in the last decade could be entirely controlled through the antecedent introduction by authorities of a regulatory network and installing quality standards by the plasma fractionation industry. The cornerstone of the regulatory network is current good manufacturing practice. Non-infectious AEs occur rarely and mainly are mild to moderate. However, in recent times, the increase in frequency of hemolytic and thrombotic AEs raised worrying questions on the possible background for these AEs. Below, we review elements of non-infectious AEs, and particularly focus on hemolysis and thrombosis. We discuss how the introduction of plasma fractionation by ion-exchange chromatography and polishing by immunoaffinity chromatographic steps might alter repertoire of specificities and influence AE profiles and efficacy of IgG concentrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Späth
- Institute of Pharmacology, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Guido Granata
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiola La Marra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Taco W. Kuijpers
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Isabella Quinti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Barr K, Korchagina E, Popova I, Bovin N, Henry S. Monoclonal anti-A activity against the FORS1 (Forssman) antigen. Transfusion 2014; 55:129-36. [PMID: 25039359 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The FORS blood group system (originally recognized as the Apae phenotype) was discovered by sporadic activity against polyclonal anti-A reagents and activity against the lectin Helix pomatia. The extent of monoclonal anti-A reagent activity against the FORS1 antigen is serologically and immunochemically incomplete. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS In the absence of natural FORS1-positive red blood cells (RBCs), kodecytes were created with synthetic disaccharide and pentasaccharide Forssman function-spacer-lipid (FSL) constructs, Fsdi -kodecytes, and FORS1-kodecytes, respectively. FSL constructs were also applied to solid surfaces and used in solid-phase enzyme immunoassays. A range of characterized monoclonal anti-A and anti-B reagents were then serologically and immunochemically characterized against these Forssman antigens. Polyclonal human anti-A, anti-B, the lectin H. pomatia serologic reagents; and canine RBCs were used as serologic controls. RESULTS None of 19 different monoclonal anti-A reagents were able to detect the pentasaccharide Forssman on FORS1-kodecytes, while three reagents were able to detect disaccharide Forssman on Fsdi -kodecytes. Most anti-A reagents were immunochemically reactive with both the di- and the pentasaccharide Forssman antigens in the solid-phase assays. Historic polyclonal human anti-A and the lectin H. pomatia reacted strongly with the FORS1-kodecytes, correlating with the discovery of the Apae phenotype and supporting the use of FORS1-kodecytes as FORS1 surrogates. CONCLUSIONS Monoclonal anti-A reagents, despite showing reactivity against the FORS1 antigen in solid-phase assays are unlikely to cause the agglutination of FORS1 antigen-positive RBCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Barr
- Biotech Innovation Centre, School of Engineering, Faculty of Design and Creative Technologies, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
A wide variety of so-called natural antibodies (nAbs), i.e. immunoglobulins generated by B-1 cells, are directed to glycans. nAbs to glycans can be divided in three groups: 1) conservative nAbs, i.e. practically the same in all healthy donors with respect to their epitope specificity and level in blood; 2) allo-antibodies to blood group antigens; 3) plastic antibodies related to the first or the second group but discussed separately because their level changes considerably during diseases and some temporary conditions, in particular inflammation and pregnancy. Antibodies from the third group proved to be prospective markers of a number of diseases, whereas their unusual level (below or above the norm) is not necessarily the consequence of disease/state. Modern microarrays allowed the determination of the human repertoire, which proved to be unexpectedly broad. It was observed that the content of some nAbs reaches about 0.1% of total immunoglobulins. Immunoglobulins of M class dominate for most nAbs, constituting up to 80-90%. Their affinity (to a monovalent glycan, in KD terms) were found to be within the range 10(-4)-10(-6) M. Antibodies to Galβ1-3GlcNAc (Le(C)), 4-HSO3Galβ1-4GalNAc (4'-O-SuLN), Fucα1-3GlcNAc, Fucα1-4GlcNAc, GalNAcα1-3Gal (Adi), Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glc (P(k)), Galα1-4Galβ1-4GlcNAc (P1), GlcNAcα-terminated glycans, and hyaluronic acid should be noted among the nAbs revealed and studied during the last decade. At the same time, a kind of "taboo" is observed for a number of glycans: antibodies to Le(X) and Le(Y), and almost all gangliosides have not been observed in healthy persons. Many of the revealed nAbs were directed to constrained inner (core) part of glycan, directly adjoined to lipid of cell membrane or protein. The biological function of these nAbs remains unclear; for anti-core antibodies, a role of surveillance on appearance of aberrant, especially cancer, antigens is supposed. The first data related to oncodiagnostics based on quantitation of anti-glycan nAbs are reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N V Bovin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Ancestral gene and “complementary” antibody dominate early ontogeny. Immunobiology 2013; 218:755-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.08.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
25
|
Campbell CT, Gulley JL, Oyelaran O, Hodge JW, Schlom J, Gildersleeve JC. Serum antibodies to blood group A predict survival on PROSTVAC-VF. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:1290-9. [PMID: 23362327 PMCID: PMC3594414 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-2478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE There is evidence that therapeutic cancer vaccines can lengthen survival for some patients with cancer, but responses vary widely from one person to another. Methods to predict clinical outcomes will advance the field and provide new insights into critical determinants of in vivo efficacy. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN This retrospective study included 141 subjects from phase II trials of PROSTVAC-VF, a poxvirus-based cancer vaccine currently in phase III clinical trials for advanced prostate cancer. A glycan microarray was used to profile prevaccination antiglycan antibody populations in sera as potential biomarkers for PROSTVAC-VF. The screen for predictive biomarkers identified antiglycan antibodies that consistently stratified subjects into groups with different Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. Because of the potential for overfitting, a permutation test was used to estimate the false discovery rate. RESULTS Prevaccination antibody levels to blood group A trisaccharide (BG-Atri) were found to have a statistically significant correlation with survival. Long-term survival was approximately doubled in subjects with abundant anti-BG-Atri immunoglobulin M (IgM) relative to subjects with little or no preexisting IgM for BG-Atri. This survival correlation was specific to vaccine treatment, as no correlation was observed in control patients immunized with wild-type poxviruses lacking the key tumor antigen, prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Moreover, anti-BG-Atri IgM levels were not correlated with general measures of disease severity, such as PSA levels, Gleason score, or Halabi predicted survival. CONCLUSION In addition to reporting a new potentially predictive biomarker for PROSTVAC-VF, this study highlights the use of glycan microarray technology for improving our understanding of vaccine immunology. Clin Cancer Res; 19(5); 1290-9. ©2012 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T. Campbell
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - James L. Gulley
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Oyindasola Oyelaran
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702
| | - James W. Hodge
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jeffrey Schlom
- Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Jeffrey C. Gildersleeve
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tanaka H, Takeuchi R, Jimbo M, Kuniya N, Takahashi T. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of the Forssman Antigen Pentasaccharide and Derivatives by a One-Pot Glycosylation Procedure. Chemistry 2013; 19:3177-87. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201203865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
27
|
Printed glycan array: antibodies as probed in undiluted serum and effects of dilution. Glycoconj J 2012; 29:87-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-011-9368-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 12/14/2011] [Accepted: 12/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|