1
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Dufresnes C, Pribille M, Alard B, Gonçalves H, Amat F, Crochet PA, Dubey S, Perrin N, Fumagalli L, Vences M, Martínez-Solano I. Integrating hybrid zone analyses in species delimitation: lessons from two anuran radiations of the Western Mediterranean. Heredity (Edinb) 2020; 124:423-438. [PMID: 31959977 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-020-0294-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular ecologists often rely on phylogenetic evidence for assessing the species-level systematics of newly discovered lineages. Alternatively, the extent of introgression at phylogeographic transitions can provide a more direct test to assign candidate taxa into subspecies or species categories. Here, we compared phylogenetic versus hybrid zone approaches of species delimitation in two groups of frogs from the Western Mediterranean region (Discoglossus and Pelodytes), by using genomic data (ddRAD). In both genera, coalescent analyses recovered almost all nominal taxa as "species". However, the least-diverged pairs D. g. galganoi/jeanneae and P. punctatus/hespericus admix over hundreds of kilometers, suggesting that they have not yet developed strong reproductive isolation and should be treated as conspecifics. In contrast, the comparatively older D. scovazzi/pictus and P. atlanticus/ibericus form narrow contact zones, consistent with species distinctiveness. Due to their complementarity, we recommend taxonomists to combine phylogenomics with hybrid zone analyses to scale the gray zone of speciation, i.e., the evolutionary window separating widely admixing lineages versus nascent reproductively isolated species. The radically different transitions documented here conform to the view that genetic incompatibilities accumulating with divergence generate a weak barrier to gene flow for long periods of time, until their effects multiply and the speciation process then advances rapidly. Given the variability of the gray zone among taxonomic groups, at least from our current abilities to measure it, we recommend to customize divergence thresholds within radiations to categorize lineages for which no direct test of speciation is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Dufresnes
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. .,Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. .,Hintermann & Weber, Montreux, Switzerland.
| | - Manon Pribille
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bérénice Alard
- CIBIO-InBIO, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Helena Gonçalves
- CIBIO-InBIO, Campus Agrário de Vairão, Universidade do Porto, Vairão, Portugal.,Museu de História Natural e da Ciência, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fèlix Amat
- Àrea d'Herpetologia, Museu de Granollers-Ciències Naturals, Francesc Macià 51, 08400, Granollers, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pierre-André Crochet
- CEFE, CNRS, University of Montpellier, University Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Dubey
- Hintermann & Weber, Montreux, Switzerland.,Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,AgroSustain SA, Nyon, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Perrin
- Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luca Fumagalli
- Laboratory for Conservation Biology, Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Miguel Vences
- Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Iñigo Martínez-Solano
- Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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2
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Sessions SK, Larson A. DEVELOPMENTAL CORRELATES OF GENOME SIZE IN PLETHODONTID SALAMANDERS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR GENOME EVOLUTION. Evolution 2017; 41:1239-1251. [PMID: 28563597 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1987.tb02463.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/1986] [Accepted: 05/22/1987] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present an analysis of the evolutionary relationship between genome size (C-value, mass of DNA per haploid nucleus) and developmental rate using observations of limb regeneration in salamanders of the family Plethodontidae. Rates of growth and differentiation of regenerating limbs are reported for 27 plethodontid species whose C-values range from 14 to 76 picograms. A phylogenetic analysis employing Felsenstein's method of independent contrasts indicates that rate of differentiation is inversely proportional to genome size, although we have not identified any statistically significant association between genome size and the growth rate of regenerating tissue. Our results are consistent with an interpretation that genome size may place a limit on the maximum rate of regeneration attainable in plethodontid salamanders. The implications of our findings for the "junk DNA," "nucleotypic DNA," "selfish DNA," and "skeletal DNA" hypotheses of genome evolution are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley K Sessions
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720
| | - Allan Larson
- Department of Biochemistry and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720
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3
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Wallis GP, Arntzen JW. MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA VARIATION IN THE CRESTED NEWT SUPERSPECIES: LIMITED CYTOPLASMIC GENE FLOW AMONG SPECIES. Evolution 2017; 43:88-104. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb04209.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/1987] [Accepted: 06/28/1988] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Graham P. Wallis
- Department of Zoology; University of Leicester; Leicester LE1 7RH U.K
- Department of Zoology; University of Western Australia; Nedlands Western Australia 6009 AUSTRALIA
| | - J. W. Arntzen
- Institute of Taxonomic Zoology; University of Amsterdam; Mauritskade 57, P.O. Box 4766 AT Amsterdam 1009 THE NETHERLANDS
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4
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Larson A, Wake DB, Maxson LR, Highton R. A MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETIC PERSPECTIVE ON THE ORIGINS OF MORPHOLOGICAL NOVELTIES IN THE SALAMANDERS OF THE TRIBE PLETHODONTINI (AMPHIBIA, PLETHODONTIDAE). Evolution 2017; 35:405-422. [PMID: 28563578 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1981.tb04902.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/1980] [Revised: 09/26/1980] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allan Larson
- Department of Genetics and Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - David B Wake
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology and Department of Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720
| | - Linda R Maxson
- Departments of Genetics and Development, and of Ecology, Ethology,and Evolution, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, 61801
| | - Richard Highton
- Department of Zoology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, 20742
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5
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Roberts JD, Maxson LR. TERTIARY SPECIATION MODELS IN AUSTRALIAN ANURANS: MOLECULAR DATA CHALLENGE PLEISTOCENE SCENARIO. Evolution 2017; 39:325-334. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1985.tb05670.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/1984] [Accepted: 10/10/1984] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. D. Roberts
- Department of Genetics and Development; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Urbana IL 61801
| | - L. R. Maxson
- Department of Genetics and Development; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign; Urbana IL 61801
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6
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Good DA. HYBRIDIZATION AND CRYPTIC SPECIES IN
DICAMPTODON
(CAUDATA: DICAMPTODONTIDAE). Evolution 2017; 43:728-744. [PMID: 28564189 DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1989.tb05172.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/1988] [Accepted: 01/30/1989] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David A. Good
- Museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of California Berkeley CA 94720
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7
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Honda M, Matsui M, Tominaga A, Ota H, Tanaka S. Phylogeny and biogeography of the Anderson's crocodile newt, Echinotriton andersoni (Amphibia: Caudata), as revealed by mitochondrial DNA sequences. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2012; 65:642-53. [PMID: 22846685 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2012.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2012] [Revised: 07/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The Anderson's crocodile newt, Echinotriton andersoni, is considered a relic and endangered species distributed in the Central Ryukyus. To elucidate phylogenetic relationships and detailed genetic structures among populations, we analyzed variation in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. Results strongly support a primary dichotomy between populations from the Amami and Okinawa Island Groups with substantial genetic divergence, favoring a primary divergence between the two island groups. Within the latter, populations from the southern part of Okinawajima Island are shown to be more closely related to those from Tokashikijima Island than to those from the northern and central parts of Okinawajima. The prominent genetic divergence between the two island groups of the Central Ryukyus seems to have initiated in the Miocene, i.e., prior to formation of the strait that has consistently separated these island groups since the Pleistocene. The ancestor of the southern Okinawajima-Tokashikijima is estimated to have migrated from the northern and central parts of Okinawajima into southern Okinawajima at the Pleistocene, and dispersed into Tokashikijima subsequently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanao Honda
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
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8
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SALVI DANIELE, CAPULA MASSIMO, BOMBI PIERLUIGI, BOLOGNA MARCOA. Genetic variation and its evolutionary implications in a Mediterranean island endemic lizard. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01313.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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9
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Sage RD, Prager EM, Wake DB. A Cretaceous divergence time between pelobatid frogs(Pelobates and Scaphiopus): immunological studies of serum albumin. J Zool (1987) 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/jzo.1982.198.4.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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11
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Capula M. Evolutionary relationships of Podarcis lizards from Sicily and the Maltese Islands. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.1994.tb00481.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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12
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Matsui M, Yoshikawa N, Tominaga A, Sato T, Takenaka S, Tanabe S, Nishikawa K, Nakabayashi S. Phylogenetic relationships of two Salamandrella species as revealed by mitochondrial DNA and allozyme variation (Amphibia: Caudata: Hynobiidae). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2008; 48:84-93. [PMID: 18490179 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Revised: 03/19/2008] [Accepted: 04/06/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Matsui
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Yoshida Nihonmatsu-cho Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
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13
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Abstract
The genus Dreissena includes two widespread and aggressive aquatic invaders, the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, and the quagga mussel, Dreissena bugensis. This genus evolved in the Ponto-Caspian Sea basin, characterized by dynamic instability over multiple timescales and a unique evolutionary environment that may predispose to invasiveness. The objectives of this study were to gain insights into the demographic history of Dreissena species in their endemic range, to reconstruct intraspecific phylogeographic relationships among populations, and to clarify systematics of the genus, using DNA sequences from the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. We found four deeply diverged clades within this genus, with a basal split that approximately coincided with the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Divergence events within the four base clades were much more recent, corresponding to geographically disjunct sets of populations, which might represent species complexes. Across all taxa, populations of Dreissena shared a common pattern of genetic signatures indicating historical population bottlenecks and expansions. Haplotype diversity was relatively low in Ponto-Caspian drainages relative to more stable tectonic lakes in Greece, Macedonia, and Turkey. The phylogeographic and demographic patterns in the endemic range of Dreissena might have resulted from vicariance events, habitat instability, and the high fecundity and passive dispersal of these organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory W Gelembiuk
- Wisconsin Institute of Rapid Evolution, Department of Zoology, 430 Lincoln Drive, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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14
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The spectacled salamanders,Salamandrina terdigitata (Lacépède, 1788) andS. perspicillata (Savi, 1821):1) genetic differentiation and evolutionary history. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02904763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Nishikawa K, Matsui M, Tanabe S. BIOCHEMICAL PHYLOGENETICS AND HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY OF HYNOBIUS BOULENGERI AND H. STEJNEGERI (AMPHIBIA: CAUDATA) FROM THE KYUSHU REGION, JAPAN. HERPETOLOGICA 2005. [DOI: 10.1655/03-89] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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16
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Alexandrino J, Froufe E, Arntzen JW, Ferrand N. Genetic subdivision, glacial refugia and postglacial recolonization in the golden-striped salamander, Chioglossa lusitanica (Amphibia: urodela). Mol Ecol 2000; 9:771-81. [PMID: 10849293 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.00931.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The golden-striped salamander (Chioglossa lusitanica) is an ecologically specialized species, endemic to north-western Iberia. Patterns of genetic variation were assessed at seven polymorphic enzyme loci and one mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) marker (cytochrome b) in 17 populations across its range. Estimates of enzyme genetic diversity revealed a high degree of genetic subdivision (FST = 0.68), mainly attributable to the existence of two groups of populations. The groups were located, respectively, north and south of the Mondego River, indicating that this river coincided with a major historical barrier to gene flow. A significant decrease in genetic variability from the Mondego northwards was associated with the Douro and Minho rivers. mtDNA sequence variation revealed a congruent pattern of two haplotype groups (d = 2.2%), with a geographical distribution resembling that of allozymes. The pattern and depth of genetic variation is consistent with the following hypotheses: (i) subdivision of an ancestral range of the species prior to the middle Pleistocene; (ii) secondary contact between populations representing historical refugia; (iii) relatively recent range expansion giving rise to the northern part of the species range; and (iv) loss of genetic variation through founder effects during range expansion across major rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Alexandrino
- Departamento de Zoologia e Antropologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Praça Gomes Teixeira, 4050 Porto, Portugal.
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17
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Trewick SA. Mitochondrial DNA sequences support allozyme evidence for cryptic radiation of New Zealand Peripatoides (Onychophora). Mol Ecol 2000; 9:269-81. [PMID: 10736025 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-294x.2000.00873.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A combination of single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) and sequencing were used to survey cytochrome oxidase I (COI) mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity among New Zealand ovoviviparous Onychophora. Most of the sites and individuals had previously been analysed using allozyme electrophoresis. A total of 157 peripatus collected at 54 sites throughout New Zealand were screened yielding 62 different haplotypes. Comparison of 540-bp COI sequences from Peripatoides revealed mean among-clade genetic distances of up to 11. 4% using Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) analysis or 17.5% using general time-reversible (GTR + I + Gamma) analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed eight well-supported clades that were consistent with the allozyme analysis. Five of the six cryptic peripatus species distinguished by allozymes were confirmed by mtDNA analysis. The sixth taxon appeared to be paraphyletic, but genetic and geographical evidence suggested recent speciation. Two additional taxa were evident from the mtDNA data but neither occurred within the areas surveyed using allozymes. Among the peripatus surveyed with both mtDNA and allozymes, only one clear instance of recent introgression was evident, even though several taxa occurred in sympatry. This suggests well-developed mate recognition despite minimal morphological variation and low overall genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Trewick
- Department of Zoology, University of Otago, Dunedin, PO Box 56, New Zealand.
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18
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Matsui M, Misawa Y, Nishikawa K, Tanabe S. Allozymic variation of Hynobius kimurae Dunn (Amphibia, Caudata). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2000; 125:115-25. [PMID: 10840647 DOI: 10.1016/s0305-0491(99)00154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An electrophoretic survey was conducted to examine genetic divergence among 21 populations of a lotic-breeding salamander Hynobius kimurae from Honshu, Japan. Genetically H. kimurae proved to be specifically distinct from H. naevius. Hynobius kimurae is divided genetically into two groups of local populations, and the five populations from the eastern area are genetically distinct from the remaining populations of the central and western areas. Less prominent genetic differentiation was revealed between the western and central populations. Separation of the eastern and central-western groups are discussed in relation to the formation of the Japanese mainland.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matsui
- Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Japan.
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19
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20
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Demezas DH, Reardon TB, Watson JM, Gibson AH. Genetic Diversity among
Rhizobium leguminosarum
bv. Trifolii Strains Revealed by Allozyme and Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analyses. Appl Environ Microbiol 1991; 57:3489-95. [PMID: 16348600 PMCID: PMC184001 DOI: 10.1128/aem.57.12.3489-3495.1991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Allozyme electrophoresis and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analyses were used to examine the genetic diversity of a collection of 18
Rhizobium leguminosarum
bv. trifolii, 1
R. leguminosarum
bv. viciae, and 2
R. meliloti
strains. Allozyme analysis at 28 loci revealed 16 electrophoretic types. The mean genetic distance between electrophoretic types of
R. leguminosarum
and
R. meliloti
was 0.83. Within
R. leguminosarum
, the single strain of bv. viciae differed at an average of 0.65 from strains of bv. trifolii, while electrophoretic types of bv. trifolii differed at a range of 0.23 to 0.62. Analysis of RFLPs around two chromosomal DNA probes also delineated 16 unique RFLP patterns and yielded genetic diversity similar to that revealed by the allozyme data. Analysis of RFLPs around three Sym (symbiotic) plasmid-derived probes demonstrated that the Sym plasmids reflect genetic divergence similar to that of their bacterial hosts. The large genetic distances between many strains precluded reliable estimates of their genetic relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Demezas
- Division of Plant Industry, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra City, ACT 2601, and Evolutionary Biology Unit, South Australian Museum, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
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21
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Hass CA, Hedges SB. Albumin evolution in West Indian frogs of the genusEleutherodactylus(Leptodactylidae): Caribbean biogeography and a calibration of the albumin immunological clock. J Zool (1987) 1991. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7998.1991.tb03825.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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22
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23
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Cadle JE, Dessauer HC, Gans C, Gartside DF. Phylogenetic relationships and molecular evolution in uropeltid snakes (Serpentes: Uropeltidae): allozymes and albumin immunology. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 1990; 40:293-320. [PMID: 32313304 PMCID: PMC7161806 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1990.tb00541.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/1989] [Accepted: 11/10/1989] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multilocus electrophoretic methods and microcomplement fixation comparisons of serum albumin are used to assess phylogenetic relationships among species of uropeltid snakes, to infer aspects of their population biology and biogeography, and to evaluate their relationships to other primitive snakes (Henophidia). There is very good agreement between phylogenetic inferences derived from the electrophoretic data and those derived from the albumin immunological data. Protein variation detected by electrophoresis is relatively high among 17 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) examined. The mean number of alleles per locus (5.1 across all OTUs), levels of polymorphism (25% of loci), and heterozygosity (4-6%), are typical of, or greater than, values reported for other snakes. Species of uropeltids are genetically highly differentiated, as measured by genetic distances (lowest interspecific Nei's unbiased genetic distances, 0.22-0.27 among several Sri Lankan species; 2.3 between Teretrurus of India and other uropeltines). The phylogenetic tree most consistent with both the immunological and electrophoretic data shows uropeltines from Sri Lanka to be monophyletic, but the Indian species are paraphyletic with respect to those from Sri Lanka. Rhinophis travancoricus of India is inferred to be the sister taxon to the Sri Lankan radiation. As the genera are presently understood, neither Rhinophis nor Uropeltis appears to be monophyletic. A biogeographic scenario derived from the phylogenetic hypothesis suggests an early diversification of uropeltids in India, followed by a single invasion into the lowlands of Sri Lanka. Subsequent evolution on Sri Lanka resulted in occupation of montane biotopes. Cylindrophis is the sister group to uropeltines and is considered a member of the Uropeltidae. The immunological data indicate no phylogenetic association between uropeltids and other 'anilioid' taxa, specifically Anilius, Loxocemus or Xenopeltis, although we cannot rule out a very remote relationship. We specifically reject the hypothesis that uropeltines and scolecophidians form a clade relative to henophidians. High levels of genetic variation and a trend toward negative FIS values for polymorphic loci in three populations suggest generally large effective population sizes and outbreeding in these species. The niche-width variation hypothesis for allozyme loci is not supported by the uropeltid data. In comparison to other vertebrates, the relationship between Nei's genetic distance and albumin immunological distance in uropeltids suggests either conservative albumin evolution or strong differentiation at electrophoretic loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Cadle
- Academy of Natural Sciences, 19th and the Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103, U.S.A
| | - Herbert C Dessauer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Medical Center, 1901 Perdido St., New Orleans, LA 70112, U.S.A
| | - Carl Gans
- Department of Biology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, U.S.A
| | - Donald F Gartside
- Northern Rivers College of Advanced Science Education, Lismore, N.S.W. 2480, Australia
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24
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25
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Spicer GS. Molecular evolution among some Drosophila species groups as indicated by two-dimensional electrophoresis. J Mol Evol 1988; 27:250-60. [PMID: 3138427 DOI: 10.1007/bf02100081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary and phylogenetic relationships of seven Drosophila species groups (represented by D. melanogaster, D. mulleri, D. mercatorum, D. robusta, D. virilis, D. immigrans, D. funebris, and D. melanica) were investigated by the use of two-dimensional electrophoresis. The resulting phylogeny is congruent with the current views of evolution among these groups based on morphological characters and immunological distances. Previous studies indicated that the ability of one-dimensional electrophoresis to resolve relationships between distantly related taxa extended to about the Miocene [25 million years (Myr) ago], but the present study demonstrates that two-dimensional electrophoresis is a useful indicator of phylogeny even back to the Paleocene (65 Myr ago). In addition, two-dimensional electrophoresis is shown to be a useful technique for detecting slowly evolving structural proteins such as actins and tropomyosins.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Spicer
- Division of Biological and Medical Research, Argonne National Laboratory, Illinois 60439
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26
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27
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Maxson LR, Roberts JD. Albumin and Australian Frogs: Molecular Data a Challenge to Speciation Model. Science 1984; 225:957-8. [PMID: 17779867 DOI: 10.1126/science.225.4665.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Vertebrate speciation in the southwest of Australia has long been viewed as resulting from multiple invasions of eastern source stocks during the Pleistocene. Microcomplement fixation studies of serum albumin evolution in frogs of the genus Heleioporus provide the first hard data on age and phylogenetic relationships among species in this genus and lead to rejection of the multiple invasion model in favor of speciation occurring in Western Australia. The albumin molecular clock was used to estimate that the species divergences in this genus occurred between 4 million to 12 million years ago in the late Tertiary (Pliocene-Miocene), rather than in the Quaternary (the last 2 million years).
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Baverstock PR, Gelder M, Jahnke A. Chromosome evolution in Australian Rattus ? G-banding and hybrid meiosis. Genetica 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00127495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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29
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Scanlan BE, Maxson LR, Duellman WE. ALBUMIN EVOLUTION IN MARSUPIAL FROGS (HYLIDAE:
GASTROTHECA
). Evolution 1980; 34:222-229. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1980.tb04810.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/1979] [Revised: 10/22/1979] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian E. Scanlan
- Departments of Genetics and Development and Ecology, Ethology and Evolution University of Illinois Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - Linda R. Maxson
- Departments of Genetics and Development and Ecology, Ethology and Evolution University of Illinois Urbana Illinois 61801
| | - William E. Duellman
- Museum of Natural History and Department of Systematics and Ecology University of Kansas Lawrence Kansas 66045
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