1
|
Fragkioudakis I, Kallis A, Kesidou E, Damianidou O, Sakellari D, Vouros I. Surgical Treatment of Peri-Implantitis Using a Combined Nd: YAG and Er: YAG Laser Approach: Investigation of Clinical and Bone Loss Biomarkers. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:dj11030061. [PMID: 36975558 PMCID: PMC10046921 DOI: 10.3390/dj11030061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effect of the combined Nd-Er: YAG laser on the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis by evaluating clinical markers and biomarkers of bone loss (RANKL/OPG). Twenty (20) patients having at least 1 implant diagnosed with peri-implantitis were randomly assigned to two groups for surgical treatment. In the test group (n = 10), Er: YAG laser was used for granulation tissue removal and implant surface decontamination, while Nd: YAG laser was employed for deep tissue decontamination and biomodulation. In the control group (n = 10), an access flap was applied, and mechanical instrumentation of the implant surface was performed by using titanium curettes. The following clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline and six months after treatment: Full-mouth Plaque Score (FMPS), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Probing Attachment Levels (PAL), recession (REC), and Bleeding on probing (BoP). Peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) was collected at baseline and six months for the evaluation of soluble RANKL and OPG utilizing enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Baseline clinical values were similar for both groups, with no statistical differences between them. The study results indicated statistically significant improvements in the clinical parameters during the 6-month observation period in both groups. More specifically, PPD, PAL, and REC were improved in the test and control groups with no differences in the between-groups comparisons. However, a greater reduction in the BoP-positive sites was noted for the laser group (Mean change 22.05 ± 33.92 vs. 55.00 ± 30.48, p = 0.037). The baseline and six-month comparisons of sRANKL and OPG revealed no statistically significant differences between the two groups. The combined Nd: YAG—Er: YAG laser surgical therapy of peri-implantitis seemed to lead to more favorable improvements in regard to bleeding on probing six months after treatment compared to the conventional mechanical decontamination of the implant surface. None of the methods was found superior in the modification of bone loss biomarkers (RANKL, OPG) six months after treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Fragkioudakis
- Department of Preventive Dentistry Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental Faculty, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (I.F.); (I.V.)
| | - Antonios Kallis
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Thivon 2 Str., Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Kesidou
- 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Olympia Damianidou
- 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitra Sakellari
- Department of Preventive Dentistry Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental Faculty, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Vouros
- Department of Preventive Dentistry Periodontology and Implant Biology, Dental Faculty, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (I.F.); (I.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Angel SL, Samrit VD, Kharbanda OP, Duggal R, Kumar V, Chauhan SS, Coshic P. Effects of submucosally administered platelet-rich plasma on the rate of tooth movement. Angle Orthod 2022; 92:73-79. [PMID: 34491291 DOI: 10.2319/011221-40.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of submucosally administered platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on the rate of maxillary canine retraction. Levels of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κb ligand (sRANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were also measured over 2 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS This split-mouth trial involved 20 sites in 10 subjects randomly assigned to PRP (experimental) side and control side. After alignment, the freshly prepared PRP was injected submucosally distal to the experimental side maxillary canine, and retraction was performed using NiTi closed-coil springs (150 g) on 0.019 × 0.025-inch stainless steel wire. The rate of canine movement was assessed using digital model superimposition at 0, 30, and 60 days. The OPG and sRANKL were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay from GCF collected at 0, 1, 7, 21, 30, and 60 days. RESULTS Twenty sites were analyzed using paired t test. The rate of tooth movement increased significantly by 35% on the PRP side compared with the control side in the first month (P = .0001) and by 14% at the end of the second month (P = .015). Using the Mann-Whitney U test, OPG levels were found to be significantly decreased on the 7th (P = .003) and 30th day on the PRP side (P = .01), while sRANKL became detectable by the third week postinjection on the PRP side (P = .069). CONCLUSIONS Submucosal injection of platelet-rich plasma significantly increased tooth movement during the 60-day observation period. Local injection of PRP significantly altered the levels of OPG and sRANKL in GCF.
Collapse
|
3
|
Park YR, Su XD, Shrestha SK, Yang SY, Soh Y. 2E-Decene-4,6-diyn-1-ol-acetate inhibits osteoclastogenesis through mitogen-activated protein kinase-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling pathways. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 49:341-349. [PMID: 34729812 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
An imbalance of osteoclasts and osteoblasts can result in a variety of bone-related diseases, including osteoporosis. Thus, decreasing the activity of osteoclastic bone resorption is the main therapeutic method for osteoporosis. 2E-Decene-4, 6-diyn-1-ol-acetate (DDA) is a natural bioactive compound with anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. However, its effects on osteoclastogenesis are unknown. Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) or RAW264.7 cells were treated with DDA, followed by evaluation of cell viability, RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, and pit formation assay. Effects of DDA on RANKL-induced phosphorylation of MAPKs were assayed by Western blot analysis. Expression of osteoclast-specific genes was examined with reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. In this study, DDA significantly inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells as well as in BMMs without cytotoxicity. DDA also strongly blocked the resorbing capacity of BMM on calcium phosphate-coated plates. DDA inhibited RANKL-induced phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 MAPKs, as well as expression of c-Fos and NFATc1, which are essential transcription factors for osteoclastogenesis. In addition, DDA decreased expression levels of osteoclastogenesis-specific genes, including matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) in RANKL-induced RAW264.7 cells. Collectively, these findings indicated that DDA attenuates RANKL-induced osteoclast formation by suppressing the MAPKs-c-Fos-NFATc1 signaling pathway and osteoclast-specific genes. These results indicate that DDA may be a potential candidate for bone diseases associated with abnormal osteoclast formation and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Ran Park
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiang-Dong Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Saroj Kuma Shrestha
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjo Soh
- Department of Dental Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Asif S, Ahmad B, Hamza SA, Taib H, Kassim NK, Zainuddin SLA. Investigation of Salivary RANKL and OPG Levels in Periodontitis Patients at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Eur J Dent 2021; 16:173-178. [PMID: 34571567 PMCID: PMC8890913 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
This study was aimed to determine the levels of salivary receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) and its association with periodontal status among periodontitis patients.
Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional study was designed and performed at the Dental Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM). Random sampling was employed to identify 88 participants into three groups: 30 mild periodontitis, 30 moderate to severe periodontitis, and 28 healthy (nonperiodontitis) patients. Periodontal parameters: periodontal pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), plaque score (PS), and gingival bleeding index (GBI) were recorded. In total, 4 mL of unstimulated whole saliva was collected to determine the levels of salivary RANKL and OPG proteins by using ELISA technique. Data were analyzed by using SPSS software version 24.0.
Results
Mean values for PPD (5.3 ± 0.5) and CAL (5.6 ± 0.5) were observed higher for moderate to severe periodontitis as compared with values (4.4 ± 0.2) (4.5 ± 0.2) in mild periodontitis patients. The mean salivary RANKL and OPG was 0.23 ± 0.07 ng/mL and 1.78 ± 0.70 ng/mL respectively in moderate to severe periodontitis. Only salivary RANKL levels were significantly and positively correlated with all the clinical periodontal parameters.
Conclusion
The levels of salivary RANKL were higher as opposed to lower OPG levels in periodontitis patients in contrast to healthy (nonperiodontitis) patients. RANKL levels were significantly associated with the periodontal parameters. Therefore, we can conclude that RANKL can potentially aid as an adjunctive diagnostic protein in evaluating periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saba Asif
- School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Basaruddin Ahmad
- School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Syed Ameer Hamza
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Hospital, The University of Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Haslina Taib
- School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Nur Karyatee Kassim
- School of Dental Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
López Roldán A, García Giménez JL, Alpiste Illueca F. Impact of periodontal treatment on the RANKL/OPG ratio in crevicular fluid. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227757. [PMID: 31986169 PMCID: PMC6984681 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Alveolar resorption is one of the most important events in periodontitis. Osteoclast activity is regulated by the ratio between receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG). The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the RANKL/OPG ratio in crevicular fluid after periodontal treatment. Material and methods A total of 15 patients with periodontitis were included in the study group. Samples were collected from an area with active periodontitis and a healthy area. The RANKL and OPG levels were measured before and after periodontal scaling and root planing (SRP) treatment. The study group was compared to the control group, which included 10 patients without periodontitis. ID Clinicaltrial.gov: NCT03787875. Results A decrease in the RANKL level was found in areas with active periodontitis after periodontal treatment, but no change in the OPG level was observed. Therefore, the treatment induced a decrease in the RANKL/OPG ratio in sites with destructive periodontal activity. Conclusions Periodontal treatment acts on the RANKL/OPG ratio by decreasing osteoclastogenesis. These results encourage the use of these molecules for periodontal diagnosis, monitoring and treatment. ID Clinicaltrial.gov NCT03787875.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés López Roldán
- Dept. of Periodontics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis García Giménez
- Center for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), CIBER-ISCIII, Madrid, Spain.,Dept. of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.,INCLIVA Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Epigenetics Research Platform, CIBERER-UV, Valencia, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhong W, Peng Y, Yue E, Huang B, Zhang W, Zhao Z, Jiang J, Wang Q, Zhao H. Gingival crevicular fluid levels of SLIT3 are increased in periodontal disease. Oral Dis 2019; 26:182-192. [PMID: 31696592 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the levels of SLIT3 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of healthy and periodontal disease subjects, and their correlations to periodontal disease. A total of 45 periodontal patients and 45 periodontally healthy volunteers were enrolled. The clinical parameters, radiographic bone loss and the levels of SLIT3, receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in GCF were measured. The prevalences of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia in subgingival plaque were also analyzed. The expression of SLIT3 and RANKL was detected in the periodontium of experimental periodontitis in rats and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse macrophage. The total amounts and concentrations of SLIT3 and RANKL were significantly higher in periodontitis than those in healthy, while the level of OPG was significantly lower (p < .05). Significant positive correlations were observed between the level of GCF SLIT3 and clinical attachment level and radiographic bone loss (p < .05). There existed a significant positive correlation between SLIT3 and RANKL (p < .05). Increased expression of SLIT3 and RANKL was observed in the periodontium of periodontal rats. SLIT3 expression was induced by LPS stimulation in macrophages. These results suggest that SLIT3 may act as a diagnostic indicator of periodontal disease and should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhong
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Youmei Peng
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Erli Yue
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhe Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qingduan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Pharmacology of Liver Diseases, Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongyu Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bi CS, Sun LJ, Qu HL, Chen F, Tian BM, Chen FM. The relationship between T-helper cell polarization and the RANKL/OPG ratio in gingival tissues from chronic periodontitis patients. Clin Exp Dent Res 2019; 5:377-388. [PMID: 31944625 PMCID: PMC7938418 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between inflammation‐related T‐helper cell polarization and the receptor activator for nuclear factor‐κB ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio, which is associated with bone resorption or remodeling of chronic periodontitis patients. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and gingival tissues were obtained from periodontally healthy individuals (PH group) and chronic periodontitis patients (CP group). The GCF levels of IFN‐γ, IL‐4, IL‐17, and IL‐10 linked to T‐helper cell polarization toward the Th1, Th2, Th17, and Treg phenotypes, respectively, were determined by ELISA. The expression levels of these cytokines and the polarized T‐helper cells in gingival tissues were assessed through immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence assays. In addition, the RANKL and OPG expression levels in gingival tissues were detected by immunohistochemical assays, and linear regression analysis was used to identify the potential relationship between T‐helper cell polarization and the RANKL/OPG ratio. In total, 22 individuals and 35 patients were enrolled in the present study. In both GCF and gingival tissues, increased levels of IL‐17 and the decreased levels of IL‐4 and IL‐10 were observed in the CP group. When polarized T‐helper cells were identified in gingival tissues, more Th1 and Th17 cells were found in the CP group, whereas more Th2 and Treg cells were found in the PH group. Although there was no significant difference in OPG expression between the two groups, the RANKL/OPG ratio in the CP group was higher than that in the PH group. The linear regression analysis showed that the presence of more Th1 and Th17 cells correlated with a higher RANKL/OPG ratio, whereas the presence of more Th2 cells correlated with a lower RANKL/OPG ratio. Th1 and Th17 cells are positively correlated and Th2 cells are negatively correlated with the RANKL/OPG ratio. Our data suggest that T‐helper cell polarization is closely linked to the RANKL/OPG ratio in gingival tissues from chronic periodontitis patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Sheng Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Li-Juan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hong-Lei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bei-Min Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fa-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontology, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gu H, An HJ, Kim JY, Kim WH, Gwon MG, Kim HJ, Han SM, Park I, Park SC, Leem J, Park KK. Bee venom attenuates Porphyromonas gingivalis and RANKL-induced bone resorption with osteoclastogenic differentiation. Food Chem Toxicol 2019; 129:344-353. [PMID: 31055000 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is one of the major periodontal pathogens leading to inflammation and alveolar bone resorption. Bone resorption is induced by osteoclasts, which are multinucleated giant cells. Osteoclastic bone resorption is mediated by enhanced receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) signaling. Therefore, the down-regulation of RANKL downstream signals is regarded as an effective therapeutic target in the treatment of bone loss-associated disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether purified bee venom (BV) could attenuate P. gingivalis-induced inflammatory periodontitis and RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. Inflammatory periodontitis induced by P. gingivalis increased alveolar bone resorption and increased expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, while BV treatment resulted in decreased bone loss and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Similarly, RANKL-induced multinucleated osteoclast differentiation and osteoclast-specific gene expression, such as nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1), cathepsin K, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and integrin αvβ3 were significantly suppressed by treatment with BV. We show that BV reduces P. gingivalis-induced inflammatory bone loss-related periodontitis in vivo and RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, activation, and function in vitro. These results suggest that BV exerts positive effects on inflammatory periodontitis associated osteoclastogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyemin Gu
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin An
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Yeon Kim
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Woon-Hae Kim
- Department of New Biology, DGIST, Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Gyeong Gwon
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ju Kim
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Mi Han
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Academy of Agricultural Science, RDA, 54875, Republic of Korea
| | - InSook Park
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Sok Cheon Park
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Panorama Avenue, Bathurst, NSW, 2795, Australia
| | - Jaechan Leem
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Kyu Park
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 42472, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Marinho MC, Pacheco ABF, Costa GCV, Ortiz ND, Zajdenverg L, Sansone C. Quantitative gingival crevicular fluid proteome in type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis. Oral Dis 2018; 25:588-595. [PMID: 30362201 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the proteome of the gingival crevicular fluid comparing the relative abundance of proteins from type 2 diabetes mellitus (2DM) individuals and chronic periodontitis (CP) affected sites, subjects affected by both conditions and healthy individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty individuals were equally allocated in four groups, 2DM with CP, 2DM periodontally healthy, CP without 2DM, and periodontally healthy without 2DM. The relative quantification of proteins was accessed with iTRAQ labeling and mass spectrometry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION A total of 104 proteins showed significant differences in abundance in pairwise comparisons. Some presented different levels in all diseased groups as compared to control, either increasing (rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor, S100A8, S100A9, and immunoglobulins) or decreasing (actins, myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate, and glutathione S-transferase). Other differences were specific for a given condition: Titin, neutrophil elastase, and myeloperoxidase levels were higher in the DP group, cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide decreased in CP, and annexin decreased in DH. These differences in the proteome can provide clues for further studies that will validate the variation in their levels and their role in both diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo C Marinho
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Periodontology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz F Pacheco
- Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Giovani C V Costa
- Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD/LADETEC/IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nina D Ortiz
- Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD/LADETEC/IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lenita Zajdenverg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Diabetes and Nutrology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carmelo Sansone
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Periodontology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kim EJ, Lee H, Kim MH, Yang WM. Inhibition of RANKL-stimulated osteoclast differentiation by Schisandra chinensis through down-regulation of NFATc1 and c-fos expression. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:270. [PMID: 30285722 PMCID: PMC6167898 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2331-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background Schisandra chinenesis (SC) has been reported to have ameliorative effect on osteoporosis. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-osteoporosis activity of SC have not been clearly elucidated. In the present study, we determined the effects of SC on The receptor activator of NF-kB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and its potential mechanism. Methods Raw 264.7 cells were treated with 0.6, 6 and 60 μg/mL SC in the presence of 100 ng/mL RANKL for 7 days. RANKL-induced osteoclast formation was analyzed by tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. The osteoclast differentiation-related factors were confirmed along with TNF-α. Results SC inhibits the RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in dose-dependent manner within non-toxic concentrations. The supernatant concentrations of TNF-α were significantly decreased by SC treatment. In addition, osteoclastogenesis-related factors, TRAP6 and NF-κB, were markedly decreased by SC in RANKL-induced osteoclasts. Mechanistically, SC reduced the RANKL-triggered NFATc1 and c-fos expressions. Conclusions Taken together, our data suggest that SC can modulate bone metabolism by suppressing RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12906-018-2331-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
11
|
Ochanji AA, Matu NK, Mulli TK. Association of salivary RANKL and osteoprotegerin levels with periodontal health. Clin Exp Dent Res 2017; 3:45-50. [PMID: 29744178 PMCID: PMC5719813 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the association of salivary levels of the bone remodelling regulators (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) with periodontal clinical status. One-hundred fifty-eight participants selected from a pool of adult patients via systematic random sampling were included in this descriptive cross-sectional study carried out at the University of Nairobi Dental Hospital. About 5 ml of unstimulated whole saliva was collected from each participant followed by periodontal clinical examination. Salivary levels of RANKL and OPG were determined using human RANKL and OPG ELISA kits from R&D systems, UK. The mean salivary level of RANKL was 14.65pg/ml (+18.72 SD) with strong association to periodontal disease severity (F = 64.82, p < .001). Mean OPG levels was 139.03 pg/ml (+51.19 SD) with significantly high levels in cases without periodontitis (F = 19.031, p < .001). Consequently, a relative RANKL/OPG ratio was established with a strong positive correlation to disease severity (rs = .759, p < .001). Statistically significant area under curve value of .932 was reported (.1613 cutoff ratio, 95% sensitivity, 6.2% specificity). The levels of RANKL and OPG in saliva and their relative ratio have strong association with the severity of periodontal disease, hence a potential adjunctive diagnostic in evaluating periodontal disease.
Collapse
|
12
|
Vernal R, Díaz-Zúñiga J, Melgar-Rodríguez S, Pujol M, Diaz-Guerra E, Silva A, Sanz M, Garcia-Sanz JA. Activation of RANKL-induced osteoclasts and memory T lymphocytes by Porphyromonas gingivalis is serotype dependant. J Clin Periodontol 2015; 41:451-9. [PMID: 24476556 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM Destructive periodontitis is associated with a Th1-Th17 immune response and activation of RANKL-induced osteoclasts. In addition, Porphyromonas gingivalis K1 and K2 serotypes induce a strong Th1-Th17 response. This study aimed to investigate whether these P. gingivalis serotypes induce higher osteoclasts activation, by increased Th17-associated RANKL production, and an antigen-specific memory T-lymphocyte response. MATERIAL AND METHODS The RANKL production and TRAP(+) osteoclast induction were quantified on naïve T lymphocytes stimulated with dendritic cells primed with the P. gingivalis serotypes. The T-bet, GATA-3, RORC2 and Foxp3 expression was correlated with RANKL production. The frequency of proliferating memory T lymphocytes in response to P. gingivalis serotypes was determined in both periodontitis and healthy subjects. RESULTS T lymphocytes stimulated by K1 or K2-primed dendritic cells elicited higher levels of RANKL and TRAP(+) osteoclasts than cells stimulated with the other serotypes. RANKL positively correlated with RORC2. Whereas periodontitis patients had a higher frequency of memory T lymphocytes responding to K1 or K2, healthy subjects had a higher frequency of memory T lymphocytes responding to K4 or K(-) . CONCLUSIONS P. gingivalis serotypes K1 and K2, but not others, are associated with an increased production of the osteoclastogenesis-related factor RANKL. This important information suggests that these serotypes could elicit a greater bone resorption in vivo and have a role in the periodontitis pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rolando Vernal
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain; Periodontal Biology Laboratory, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental School, Universidad de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rakic M, Struillou X, Petkovic-Curcin A, Matic S, Canullo L, Sanz M, Vojvodic D. Estimation of Bone Loss Biomarkers as a Diagnostic Tool for Peri-Implantitis. J Periodontol 2014; 85:1566-74. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2014.140069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
|
14
|
Baltacıoğlu E, Kehribar MA, Yuva P, Alver A, Atagün ÖS, Karabulut E, Akalın FA. Total Oxidant Status and Bone Resorption Biomarkers in Serum and Gingival Crevicular Fluid of Patients With Periodontitis. J Periodontol 2014; 85:317-26. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2013.130012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
15
|
Walsh NC, Alexander KA, Manning CA, Karmakar S, Karmakar SK, Wang JF, Weyand CM, Pettit AR, Gravallese EM. Activated human T cells express alternative mRNA transcripts encoding a secreted form of RANKL. Genes Immun 2013; 14:336-45. [PMID: 23698708 PMCID: PMC3740552 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2013.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB -ligand (RANKL), encoded by the gene TNFSF11, is required for osteoclastogenesis, and its expression is upregulated in pathologic bone loss. Transcript variants of TNFSF11 mRNA have been described that encode a membrane-bound and a putative secreted form of RANKL. We identify a TNFSF11 transcript variant that extends the originally identified transcript encoding secreted RANKL. We demonstrate that this TNFSF11 transcript variant is expressed by the human osteosarcoma cell line, Saos-2, and by both primary human T cells and Jurkat T cells. Of relevance to the production of RANKL in pathologic bone loss, expression of this secreted TNFSF11 transcript is upregulated in Jurkat T cells and primary human T cells upon activation. Furthermore, this transcript can be translated and secreted in Jurkat T cells in vitro and is able to support osteoclast differentiation. Our data highlight the complexity of the TNFSF11 genomic locus and demonstrate the potential for the expression of alternate mRNA transcripts encoding membrane-bound and secreted forms of RANKL. Implications of alternate mRNA transcripts encoding different RANKL protein isoforms should be carefully considered and specifically examined in future studies, particularly those implicating RANKL in pathologic bone loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N C Walsh
- St Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Porphyromonas gingivalis infection-associated periodontal bone resorption is dependent on receptor activator of NF-κB ligand. Infect Immun 2013; 81:1502-9. [PMID: 23439308 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00043-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is one of the oral microorganisms associated with human chronic periodontitis. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) in P. gingivalis infection-associated periodontal bone resorption. Inbred female Rowett rats were infected orally on four consecutive days (days 0 to 3) with 1 × 10(9) P. gingivalis bacteria (strain ATCC 33277). Separate groups of rats also received an injection of anti-RANKL antibody, osteoprotegerin fusion protein (OPG-Fc), or a control fusion protein (L6-Fc) into gingival papillae in addition to P. gingivalis infection. Robust serum IgG and salivary IgA antibody (P < 0.01) and T cell proliferation (P < 0.05) responses to P. gingivalis were detected at day 7 and peaked at day 28 in P. gingivalis-infected rats. Both the concentration of soluble RANKL (sRANKL) in rat gingival tissues (P < 0.01) and periodontal bone resorption (P < 0.05) were significantly elevated at day 28 in the P. gingivalis-infected group compared to levels in the uninfected group. Correspondingly, RANKL-expressing T and B cells in rat gingival tissues were significantly increased at day 28 in the P. gingivalis-infected group compared to the levels in the uninfected group (P < 0.01). Injection of anti-RANKL antibody (P < 0.05) or OPG-Fc (P < 0.01), but not L6-Fc, into rat gingival papillae after P. gingivalis infection resulted in significantly reduced periodontal bone resorption. This study suggests that P. gingivalis infection-associated periodontal bone resorption is RANKL dependent and is accompanied by increased local infiltration of RANKL-expressing T and B cells.
Collapse
|
17
|
Flórez-Moreno GA, Isaza-Guzmán DM, Tobón-Arroyave SI. Time-related changes in salivary levels of the osteotropic factors sRANKL and OPG through orthodontic tooth movement. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2013; 143:92-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2012.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
18
|
Baliban RC, Sakellari D, Li Z, Guzman YA, Garcia BA, Floudas CA. Discovery of biomarker combinations that predict periodontal health or disease with high accuracy from GCF samples based on high-throughput proteomic analysis and mixed-integer linear optimization. J Clin Periodontol 2012. [PMID: 23190455 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify optimal combination(s) of proteomic based biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from chronic periodontitis (CP) and periodontally healthy individuals and validate the predictions through known and blind test sets. MATERIALS AND METHODS GCF samples were collected from 96 CP and periodontally healthy subjects and analysed using high-performance liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrometry and the PILOT_PROTEIN algorithm. A mixed-integer linear optimization (MILP) model was then developed to identify the optimal combination of biomarkers which could clearly distinguish a blind subject sample as healthy or diseased. RESULTS A thorough cross-validation of the MILP model capability was performed on a training set of 55 samples and greater than 99% accuracy was consistently achieved when annotating the testing set samples as healthy or diseased. The model was then trained on all 55 samples and tested on two different blind test sets, and using an optimal combination of 7 human proteins and 3 bacterial proteins, the model was able to correctly predict 40 out of 41 healthy and diseased samples. CONCLUSIONS The proposed large-scale proteomic analysis and MILP model led to the identification of novel combinations of biomarkers for consistent diagnosis of periodontal status with greater than 95% predictive accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Baliban
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tobón-Arroyave SI, Isaza-Guzmán DM, Restrepo-Cadavid EM, Zapata-Molina SM, Martínez-Pabón MC. Association of salivary levels of the bone remodelling regulators sRANKL and OPG with periodontal clinical status. J Clin Periodontol 2012; 39:1132-40. [PMID: 23039038 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2012] [Accepted: 08/25/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine the variations in salivary concentrations of sRANKL, osteoprotegerin (OPG) and its ratio, regarding the periodontal status. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-seven chronic periodontitis (CP) subjects and 43 healthy controls were selected. Periodontal status was assessed based on full-mouth clinical periodontal measurements. sRANKL and OPG salivary levels were analysed by ELISA. The association between these analytes and its ratio with CP was analysed individually and adjusted for confounding using a binary logistic regression model. RESULTS sRANKL and sRANKL/OPG ratio were increased, whereas OPG was decreased in CP compared with healthy controls subjects. Although univariate analysis revealed a positive association of sRANKL salivary levels ≥6 pg/ml, OPG salivary levels ≤131 pg/ml and sRANKL/OPG ratio ≥0.062 with CP, after logistic regression analysis only the latter parameter was strongly and independently associated with disease status. Confounding and interaction effects of ageing and smoking habit on sRANKL and OPG levels could be noted. CONCLUSION Although salivary concentrations of sRANKL, OPG and its ratio may act as indicators of the amount/extent of periodontal breakdown, the mutual confounding and synergistic biological interactive effects related to ageing and smoking habit of the susceptible host may also promote the tissue destruction in CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergio I Tobón-Arroyave
- POPCAD Research Group, Laboratory of Immunodetection and Bioanalysis, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rakic M, Lekovic V, Nikolic-Jakoba N, Vojvodic D, Petkovic-Curcin A, Sanz M. Bone loss biomarkers associated with peri-implantitis. A cross-sectional study. Clin Oral Implants Res 2012; 24:1110-6. [PMID: 22708989 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2012.02518.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the levels of biomarkers associated with osteoclastogenesis in patients suffering peri-implantitis and to compare them with levels in healthy peri-implant sites and severe chronic periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Peri-implant/gingival crevicular fluid samples and clinical parameters including: bleeding on probing, modified Plaque Index (PlI), pocket depth and clinical attachment level were collected from 70 patients (23 with peri-implantitis, 25 with healthy peri-implant tissues and 22 with severe chronic periodontitis). The concentrations of sRANKL, RANK and OPG were evaluated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; they were compared between the groups and correlated with the clinical findings. RESULTS sRANKL (P = 0.01), RANK (P = 0.01) and OPG (P = 0.03) concentrations were significantly higher in peri-implantitis sites when compared to those in healthy implant sites, although differences in the sRANKL/OPG ratio were not statistically significant. In these sites all three markers were significantly correlated with the clinical parameters, with exception of OPG/PI correlation that remained insignificant (P = 0.121). When comparing peri-implantitis and periodontitis findings, RANK was significantly higher in peri-implantitis sites whereas, sRANKL (P = 0.03) and sRANKL/OPG ratio (P = 0.004) were significantly higher in periodontitis sites. Among periodontitis and healthy implant sites the same differences have been observed for both sRANKL (P = 0.000) and sRANKL/OPG ratio (P = 0.000), furthermore RANK was higher in periodontitis sites as well (P = 0.010). CONCLUSION The findings of this preliminary study on a relatively small sample size suggest that the PICF levels of biomarkers sRANKL, RANK, and OPG are associated with peri-implant tissue destruction and the pattern of these biomarkers differed when compared to periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mia Rakic
- Department for Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
He W, Cronstein BN. Adenosine A1 receptor regulates osteoclast formation by altering TRAF6/TAK1 signaling. Purinergic Signal 2012; 8:327-37. [PMID: 22311477 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-012-9292-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine is an endogenous nucleoside that modulates many physiological processes through four receptor subtypes (A(1), A(2a), A(2b), A(3)). Previous work from our laboratory has uncovered a critical role for adenosine A(1) receptor (A(1) R) in osteoclastogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. Our current work focuses on understanding the details of how A(1) R modulates the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced signaling in osteoclastogenesis. Osteoclasts were generated from mouse bone marrow precursors in the presence of RANKL and macrophage-colony stimulating factor. A pharmacological antagonist of A(1) R (DPCPX) inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation, including osteoclast-specific genes (Acp5, MMP9, β(3) Integrin, α(v) Integrin, and CTSK) and osteoclast-specific transcription factors such as c-fos and nuclear factor of activated T cells cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1) expression in a dose-dependent manner. DPCPX also inhibited RANKL-induced activation of NF-κB and JNK/c-Jun but had little effect on other mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 and Erk). Finally, immunoprecipitation analysis showed that blockade of A(1)R resulted in disruption of the association of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) and transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1), a signaling event that is important for activation of NF-κB and JNK, suggesting the participation of adenosine/A(1)R in early signaling of RANKL. Collectively, these data demonstrated an important role of adenosine, through A(1)R in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W He
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Baliban RC, Sakellari D, Li Z, DiMaggio PA, Garcia BA, Floudas CA. Novel protein identification methods for biomarker discovery via a proteomic analysis of periodontally healthy and diseased gingival crevicular fluid samples. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 39:203-12. [PMID: 22092770 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01805.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To identify possible novel biomarkers in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from chronic periodontitis (CP) and periodontally healthy individuals using high-throughput proteomic analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected from 12 CP and 12 periodontally healthy subjects. Samples were trypically digested with trypsin, eluted using high-performance liquid chromatography, and fragmented using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). MS/MS spectra were analysed using PILOT_PROTEIN to identify all unmodified proteins within the samples. RESULTS Using the database derived from Homo sapiens taxonomy and all bacterial taxonomies, 432 human (120 new) and 30 bacterial proteins were identified. The human proteins, angiotensinogen, clusterin and thymidine phosphorylase were identified as biomarker candidates based on their high-scoring only in samples from periodontal health. Similarly, neutrophil defensin-1, carbonic anhydrase-1 and elongation factor-1 gamma were associated with CP. Candidate bacterial biomarkers include 33 kDa chaperonin, iron uptake protein A2 and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (health-associated) and ribulose biphosphate carboxylase, a probable succinyl-CoA:3-ketoacid-coenzyme A transferase, or DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta (CP-associated). Most of these human and bacterial proteins have not been previously evaluated as biomarkers of periodontal conditions and require further investigation. CONCLUSIONS The proposed methods for large-scale comprehensive proteomic analysis may lead to the identification of novel biomarkers of periodontal health or disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard C Baliban
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Belibasakis GN, Bostanci N. The RANKL-OPG system in clinical periodontology. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 39:239-48. [PMID: 22092994 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2011.01810.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The receptor activator of NF-κB ligand-osteoprotegerin (RANKL-OPG) bi-molecular system is the "bottle-neck" regulator of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption, both in physiological and pathological conditions. This review aims to elaborate the current knowledge on RANKL and OPG in periodontal disease, and to evaluate their diagnostic and prognostic potential as biomarkers of the disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS To pursue this aim, electronic and manual searches were performed for identifying clinical and in vivo studies on RANKL and OPG in gingival tissue, gingival crevicular fluid, saliva and blood. Smoking and diabetes mellitus were also considered for their potential effects. RESULTS Papers fulfilling the inclusion criteria demonstrate that RANKL is up-regulated, whereas OPG is down-regulated in periodontitis, compared to periodontal health, resulting in an increased RANKL/OPG ratio. This ratio is further up-regulated in smokers and diabetics, and is not affected by conventional periodontal treatment. CONCLUSIONS The increased RANKL/OPG ratio may serve as a biomarker that denotes the occurrence of periodontitis, but may not necessarily predict on-going disease activity. Its steadily elevated levels post treatment may indicate that the molecular mechanisms of bone resorption are still active, holding an imminent risk for relapse of the disease. Additional adjunct treatment modalities that would "switch-off" the RANKL/OPG ratio may therefore be required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios N Belibasakis
- Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zürich, Switzerland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Buduneli N, Kinane DF. Host-derived diagnostic markers related to soft tissue destruction and bone degradation in periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38 Suppl 11:85-105. [PMID: 21323706 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2010.01670.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major challenge in clinical periodontics is to find a reliable molecular marker of periodontal tissue destruction with high sensitivity, specificity and utility. OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate available literature on 'the utility of molecular markers of soft and hard periodontal tissue destruction'. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on the focused question, 'What is the utility of molecular markers of soft and hard periodontal tissue destruction', an electronic and manual search was conducted for human studies presenting clinical data for the potential of molecular markers of tissue destruction in biofluids; gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, and serum. RESULTS Papers fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected. All relevant data from the selected papers were extracted and recorded in separate tables for molecules in GCF, saliva, and serum. CONCLUSION Within the defined limits of the Problem/Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, the present analysis reveals that (a) no single or combination of markers exists that can disclose periodontal tissue destruction adequately; (b) while the most fruitful source of biomarkers for periodontal destruction appears to be in molecules tightly related to bone and soft tissue destruction, this remains to be objectively demonstrated. Currently, clinical measurements are still the most reliable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurcan Buduneli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kebschull M, Papapanou PN. Periodontal microbial complexes associated with specific cell and tissue responses. J Clin Periodontol 2011; 38 Suppl 11:17-27. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-051x.2010.01668.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
26
|
Hernández M, Gamonal J, Salo T, Tervahartiala T, Hukkanen M, Tjäderhane L, Sorsa T. Reduced expression of lipopolysaccharide-induced CXC chemokine in Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced experimental periodontitis in matrix metalloproteinase-8 null mice. J Periodontal Res 2011; 46:58-66. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2010.01310.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
|
27
|
Ojima M, Hanioka T. Destructive effects of smoking on molecular and genetic factors of periodontal disease. Tob Induc Dis 2010; 8:4. [PMID: 20170537 PMCID: PMC2836317 DOI: 10.1186/1617-9625-8-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Many epidemiological evidences have proven the association between smoking and periodontal disease. The causality can be further established by linking findings of traditional epidemiological studies with the developments in molecular techniques that occurred in the last decade. The present article reviews recent studies that address the effect of smoking on molecular and genetic factors in periodontal disease. Most findings support the fact that tobacco smoking modulates destruction of the periodontium through different pathways: microcirculatory and host immune systems, connective tissue, and bone metabolism. Although smokers experience an increased burden of inflammatory responses to microbial challenges compared to non-smokers, understanding the association between smoking and periodontal diseases involves substantial problems with respect to accuracy of measurements, and particularly, sampling of many subjects. It remains unclear whether genetic susceptibility to periodontal disease is influenced by exposure to smoking or the effect of smoking on periodontal disease is influenced by genetic susceptibility. Employment of molecular techniques may play a key role in further elucidation of mechanisms linking smoking and periodontal destruction, the direct relationship as environmental factors and indirect relationship through genetic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miki Ojima
- Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0193, Japan.
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang SM, Tian F, Jiang XQ, Li J, Xu C, Guo XK, Zhang FQ. Evidence for calcifying nanoparticles in gingival crevicular fluid and dental calculus in periodontitis. J Periodontol 2009; 80:1462-70. [PMID: 19722797 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2009.080659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcifying nanoparticles (CNPs), also known as nanobacteria, can produce carbonate apatite on their cell walls and initiate pathologic calcification. The objective of this study was to determine whether CNPs are present in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from subjects with periodontal disease and whether they can induce the pathologic calcification of primary cultured human gingival epithelial cells. METHODS GCF and dental calculus samples were collected from 10 subjects with gingivitis and 10 subjects with chronic periodontitis. CNPs in GCF and calculus filtrates were detected with nanocapture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The CNPs in cultures of dental calculus filtrates were also identified using immunofluorescence staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and chemical analysis. Pathologic changes in the CNP-treated gingival epithelial cells were observed with TEM, alizarin red staining, and disk-scanning confocal microscopy. RESULTS CNPs were found in GCF samples from two subjects with chronic periodontitis. Based on chemical analysis, the surface-associated material from CNPs isolated and cultured from calculus has a composition similar to dental calculus. The pathologic calcification of CNP-treated gingival epithelial cells was also observed. CONCLUSIONS Self-replicating calcifying nanoparticles can be cultured and identified from dental calculus. This raises the issue of whether CNPs contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Song-Mei Zhang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|