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Vilela L, Lagrelius M, Berglind IA, Midander K, Schenk L, Julander A. Water, soap, and hand-disinfectant exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic and self-reported hand eczema in frontline workers: A cross-sectional study. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 91:22-29. [PMID: 38515234 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, increased hand hygiene practices were implemented. Impaired skin health on the hands among healthcare workers has been reported previously. Knowledge of how worker in other occupations have been affected is scarce. OBJECTIVES To investigate self-reported hand water-, and soap exposure and use of hand disinfectants, and hand eczema (HE) in frontline workers outside the hospital setting and in IT personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was sent out between 1 March and 30 April in 2021, to 6060 randomly selected individuals representing six occupational groups. RESULTS A significant increase in water exposure and hand disinfectant use was shown: Relative position (RP) 19; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.17-0.21 and RP = 0.38: 95% CI 0.36-0.41, respectively. Newly debuted HE was reported by 7.4% of the population, more frequently among frontline workers (8.6%) compared to IT personnel (4.9%). CONCLUSIONS Water and soap exposure and use of hand disinfectants increased during COVID-19 pandemic, which may increase the risk of hand eczema. This highlights the importance of communication and implementation of preventive measures to protect the skin barrier also in occupations other than healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libe Vilela
- Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Lagrelius
- Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ina Anveden Berglind
- Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Klara Midander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Schenk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anneli Julander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine (IMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Yüksel YT, Symanzik C, Christensen MO, Olesen CM, Thyssen JP, Skudlik C, John SM, Agner T, Brans R. Prevalence and incidence of hand eczema in healthcare workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:331-342. [PMID: 38186085 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are considered a high-risk group for developing hand eczema (HE), mainly owing to wet work and contact with allergens at work. To meta-analyse the prevalence and incidence of HE in HCWs, as well as mapping the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) and HE severity in HCWs. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses 2020 guidelines. Published literature from 2000 to 2022 was eligible based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 18 studies were included. Pooled life-time, 1-year and point prevalence of self-reported HE in HCWs was 33.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 28.3-38.6), 27.4% (95% CI: 19.3-36.5) and 13.5% (95% CI: 9.3-18.4), respectively. AD prevalence was 15.4% (95% CI: 11.3-19.9). Overall, the majority of HCWs reported mild HE. One included study assessed HE incidence reporting 34 cases/1000 person years. Most studies scored low-moderate using the New Ottawa Scale and the pooled point prevalence data showed broad CIs. In conclusion, the high prevalence of HE in HCWs underlines the increased risk and need for preventive measures for this professional group. There is, however, a need of further standardized high-quality studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin T Yüksel
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cara Symanzik
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Maria O Christensen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Caroline M Olesen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob P Thyssen
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christoph Skudlik
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Swen M John
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Tove Agner
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Richard Brans
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatological Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
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Prevalence, risk factors, and prevention of occupational contact dermatitis among professional cleaners: a systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:345-354. [PMID: 36409350 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-022-01937-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and prevention of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD), as well as risk factors and consequences of OCD among professional cleaners. METHODS A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was performed using Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library. RESULTS Thirty-nine studies containing over 109.000 participants were included in the review. The prevalence of OCD varied between 2.2% and 30.1%. Main occupational risk factors for developing OCD among cleaners included wet work and irritants in cleaning products (bleach, chlorine, ammonia, multi-use-cleaning) and skin contact to metal. The most common contact allergies included rubber, biocides, nickel/cobalt, and perfumes. Other risk factors were inconsistent use of protective gloves and low educational level. Consequences associated with OCD included significant impairment in quality of life, tendency to have unscheduled absence from work, sick leave, increased rate of disability, and recognized degree of injury. Only one prevention study has been published investigating the effect of an educative course in skin-protective behavior in cleaners. The study reported a higher degree of knowledge of skin protection, a decrease in the severity of hand eczema, and a shift toward fewer daily hand washings at follow-up after 3 months. CONCLUSION Our study proves that OCD is common in cleaners, and the main risk factors included wet work, irritants, and contact allergies, as well as inconsistent use of protective gloves and low educational level. More focus and a greater number of studies are needed on skin protection in this population.
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Liu W, Cai J, Sun C, Zou Z, Zhang J, Huang C. Time-trends for eczema prevalences among children and adults from 1985 to 2015 in China: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1294. [PMID: 35790959 PMCID: PMC9254617 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13650-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Several studies have reported that childhood prevalence of eczema has been increasing worldwide. However, none study quantitatively evaluated prevalence trends of eczema among children and adults in the last 30 years in China.
Methods and Findings
Via a systematic review of literature databases in English and Chinese, we summarized all studies reporting eczema prevalences from 1985 to 2015 in China as well as diagramed prevalence and eczematous population trends against year for different age groups. A total of 93 studies and 17 studies (16 for children and one for adults) were selected for qualitative and quantitative synthesis, respectively. Childhood lifetime-ever eczema prevalences ranged from 10.0% to 30.0%. Prevalences among 3-12-year-olds children showed increasing trends in most specific cities, but national lifetime-ever eczema prevalences among 13-14-year-olds children decreased from 10.6% in 2001 to 8.6% in 2009 in mainland China. We estimated that about 1.5 million children aged 13-14-year-olds in 2009 and 15.5 million children aged 3-6-year-olds in 2012 had lifetime-ever eczema in mainland China. Similar studies were too few to ascertain time-trends of eczema prevalence among adults. About 39.4, 20.0, and 11.6 million adults aged 15-86-year-olds in 2010 had contact dermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, and atopic dermatitis in the mainland China, respectively.
Conclusions
The burden of eczema became heavier in young children, whereas perhaps had been reduced in adolescent in China. More studies for eczema prevalence in adults are warranted.
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Loh EDW, Yew YW. Hand hygiene and hand eczema: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Contact Dermatitis 2022; 87:303-314. [PMID: 35460528 PMCID: PMC9111880 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Hand eczema is a common inflammatory condition of the skin that has been linked to hand hygiene. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to determine the risks of hand eczema associated with hand hygiene, including frequency of handwashing, wet-work and use of alcohol hand rub. A comprehensive search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library was performed for cohort, case-control or cross-sectional studies that analysed the association between hand hygiene and risk of hand eczema. Results of individual studies were presented in respective forest plots and pooled summary relative risks were estimated using a random-effects model. Forty-five studies were included in analysis. Handwashing at least 8-10 times daily significantly increased risk of hand eczema (relative risk [RR] 1.51; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35-1.68; P < .001). The risk was related to handwashing frequency, with higher pooled RR of 1.66 (95%CI: 1.51-1.83; P < .001) with increased handwashing at least 15-20 times daily. However, use of alcohol-based hand sanitizer was not significantly associated with risk of hand eczema. Given the widespread implementation of hand hygiene practices during the COVID-19 pandemic, there is a pertinent need to understand skin care habits specific to the hands to avoid a greater incidence of hand eczema. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enver De Wei Loh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Yik Weng Yew
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.,National Skin Centre, Singapore
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Aydın Aİ, Atak M, Özyazıcıoğlu N, Dalkızan V. Hand Dermatitis among Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Frequency and Factors. Adv Skin Wound Care 2021; 34:651-655. [PMID: 34261909 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000765916.20726.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of hand dermatitis among nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic and factors affecting its prevalence. METHODS The research sample consisted of 175 nurses working in state hospitals. Research data were collected via Google survey between September and October 2020. The data were collected using a sociodemographic data collection form, and a self-assessment form was used to determine dermatologic symptoms. RESULTS The frequency of hand dermatitis among nurses was 70.9%. A statistically significant difference was found between sex, allergy history, and increased frequency of handwashing and the frequency of hand dermatitis. No significant difference in terms of the frequency of hand dermatitis was found between nurses who provided care to patients who were COVID-19 positive versus nurses who provided care to patients who were COVID-19 negative. However, the frequency of washing hands and using hand disinfectants and hand creams was found to have increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the prepandemic period. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of hand dermatitis increased among nurses during the pandemic. The increased frequency of handwashing during the pandemic poses a risk for hand dermatitis among nurses, although this should not discourage nurses from appropriate hygiene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayla İrem Aydın
- In the Department of Pediatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bursa Uludağ University, Turkey, Ayla İrem Aydın, MSc, RN, is a Research Assistant; Meryem Atak, MSc, RN, is a Research Assistant; Nurcan Özyazıcıoğlu, PhD, RN, is a Professor, Dean of Faculty of Health Sciences. Vahit Dalkızan, RN, is a nurse in the ICU, Ministry of Health Bursa City Hospital, Turkey. Submitted December 7, 2020; accepted in revised form February 10, 2021; published online ahead of print July 13, 2021. © Advances in Skin and Wound Care and the World Council of Enterostomal Therapists
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Yüksel YT, Ebbehøj NE, Agner T. An update on the prevalence and risk exposures associated with hand eczema in Danish hospital employees: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 86:89-97. [PMID: 34655082 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand eczema (HE) is common in health care workers (HCWs). During the last decade, new recommendations have supported increased use of alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) to partially replace hand washings to lower the prevalence of HE. However, newer data on this recommendation is lacking. OBJECTIVES To assess current 1-year prevalence of HE in HCWs, to investigate exposure, and the extent of subjective discomfort to hand washings and ABHR. METHODS A digital questionnaire was sent to 4876 HCWs from April to May 2020. RESULTS Of 2125 respondents (1779 women, 346 men), 14.7% reported HE within the last year. In total, 9.1% reported >20 hand washings per shift and 76.0% reported ABHR use >20 times per shift. HE was significantly associated with hand washings (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.73 [95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-2.36]) and glove use on wet skin (adjusted OR 1.99 [95% CI 1.27-3.12]). Subjective discomfort to ABHR was reported significantly more often than to hand washings (P < .001) and significantly more often in HCWs with HE than in those without HE (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS The current 1-year HE prevalence in HCWs of 14.7% was lower than in previously reported Scandinavian data. HE was related to frequent hand washings, as previously reported, and to glove use on wet skin, which is a possible risk factor for HE that should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin T Yüksel
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels E Ebbehøj
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tove Agner
- Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Falay Gür T, Savaş Erdogan S, Doğan B. Investigation of the prevalence of hand eczema among healthcare professionals in Turkey: A cross-sectional study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:1727-1735. [PMID: 34214218 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand eczema is one of the common occupational dermatoses, having high prevalence among healthcare professionals (HCP). We found no epidemiological data in the literature concerning the prevalence of hand eczema among HCP in Turkey. AIMS The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of hand eczema among HCP in Turkey and to determine the demographic characteristics and risk factors that cause eczema. METHODS A clinical assessment- and questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted with 734 HCP working in a tertiary hospital. Demographic characteristics and personal and occupational risk factors were evaluated in terms of the development of hand eczema. RESULTS The survey response rate was 81.8%. The point prevalence of eczema was 27.6%, and the 12-month prevalence was 45.9%. Age, occupation, duration of work, atopic diseases, handwashing frequency, dry skin, moisturizing frequency, and presence and duration of glove use were important factors in the development of hand eczema. Powdered glove reaction was significantly higher in those with hand eczema (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of hand eczema is high among HCP in Turkey. Combining self-reported questionnaires with clinical examination findings can provide a more accurate calculation of the prevalence of hand eczema. The availability of epidemiological data on hand eczema can provide guidelines for the prevention and treatment of this condition. Except for situations requiring absolute handwashing, disinfecting hands with alcohol-based lotions and applying a powder-free policy in all healthcare centers will reduce the prevalence of hand eczema among HCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Falay Gür
- Department of Dermatology, Health Science University, Sultan 2. Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sevil Savaş Erdogan
- Department of Dermatology, Health Science University, Sultan 2. Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilal Doğan
- Department of Dermatology, Maltepe University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Holness DL. Occupational Dermatitis and Urticaria. Immunol Allergy Clin North Am 2021; 41:439-453. [PMID: 34225899 DOI: 10.1016/j.iac.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Occupational contact dermatitis is the most common occupational skin disease (OSD), and most of them are irritant in nature. There is less information available about contact urticaria than contact dermatitis. There are several strategies to prevent OSD, although workplace studies suggest there are gaps in their use in the workplace. Because early detection leads to improved outcomes, screening for dermatitis in industries such as health care would be useful. Both diagnosis and management involve 2 components: the actual disease diagnosis and medical treatment and the work-relatedness and management of the workplace to reduce exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Linn Holness
- Department of Medicine and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1W8, Canada.
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Erdem Y, Inal S, Sivaz O, Copur S, Boluk KN, Ugurer E, Kaya HE, Gulsunay IE, Sekerlisoy G, Vural O, Altunay IK, Aksu Çerman A, Özkaya E. How does working in pandemic units affect the risk of occupational hand eczema in healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: A comparative analysis with nonpandemic units. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 85:215-224. [PMID: 33797109 PMCID: PMC8251387 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand eczema (HE) has increased among healthcare workers (HCWs) working in coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) units, and was associated with increased hand hygiene practices. OBJECTIVES To compare the prevalence and clinical characteristics of HE, and hand hygiene practices in HCWs working in COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 units. METHODS A total of 244 HCWs working in COVID-19 (n = 118) and non-COVID-19 patient care units (n = 126) were examined by dermatologists with regard to demographic parameters and hand hygiene practices. The COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups were matched at a 1:1 ratio according to age, atopy, and generalized dry skin. RESULTS HE was more frequent in the COVID-19 group (48.3% vs 12.7%, P < .001), whereas working years (P < .05) and additional housework at home (P < .001) were longer in the non-COVID-19 group. After the development of HE, moisturizing creams were reported to be more frequently used in the COVID group (P < .001). Topical corticosteroids were used in a minority (40% in the COVID group and 26.7% in the non-COVID group). CONCLUSIONS HCWs in COVID-19 units developed HE more frequently. A majority increased the frequency of moisturizer use, instead of using topical corticosteroids, after the development of HE for the purpose of treating eczema. New approaches are needed for the prevention and management of HE in HCWs, especially by facilitating access to dermatologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Erdem
- Department of DermatologyHealth Science University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Sena Inal
- Department of DermatologyHealth Science University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Onur Sivaz
- Department of DermatologyHealth Science University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Sevkiye Copur
- Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and VenereologyIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Kubra N. Boluk
- Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and VenereologyIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
| | - Ece Ugurer
- Department of DermatologyHealth Science University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Hazel E. Kaya
- Department of DermatologyHealth Science University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Ilayda E. Gulsunay
- Department of DermatologyHealth Science University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Gul Sekerlisoy
- Department of DermatologyHealth Science University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Osman Vural
- Department of DermatologyHealth Science University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Ilknur K. Altunay
- Department of DermatologyHealth Science University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Aslı Aksu Çerman
- Department of DermatologyHealth Science University, Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research HospitalIstanbulTurkey
| | - Esen Özkaya
- Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and VenereologyIstanbul UniversityIstanbulTurkey
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Keefe AR, Demers PA, Neis B, Arrandale VH, Davies HW, Gao Z, Hedges K, Holness DL, Koehoorn M, Stock SR, Bornstein S. A scoping review to identify strategies that work to prevent four important occupational diseases. Am J Ind Med 2020; 63:490-516. [PMID: 32227359 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite being largely preventable, many occupational diseases continue to be highly prevalent and extremely costly. Effective strategies are required to reduce their human, economic, and social impacts. METHODS To better understand which approaches are most likely to lead to progress in preventing noise-related hearing loss, occupational contact dermatitis, occupational cancers, and occupational asthma, we undertook a scoping review and consulted with a number of key informants. RESULTS We examined a total of 404 articles and found that various types of interventions are reported to contribute to occupational disease prevention but each has its limitations and each is often insufficient on its own. Our principal findings included: legislation and regulations can be an effective means of primary prevention, but their impact depends on both the nature of the regulations and the degree of enforcement; measures across the hierarchy of controls can reduce the risk of some of these diseases and reduce exposures; monitoring, surveillance, and screening are effective prevention tools and for evaluating the impact of legislative/policy change; the effect of education and training is context-dependent and influenced by the manner of delivery; and, multifaceted interventions are often more effective than ones consisting of a single activity. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review identifies occupational disease prevention strategies worthy of further exploration by decisionmakers and stakeholders and of future systematic evaluation by researchers. It also identified important gaps, including a lack of studies of precarious workers and the need for more studies that rigorously evaluate the effectiveness of interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anya R. Keefe
- SafetyNet Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Research, Memorial University St. John's Newfoundland Canada
| | - Paul A. Demers
- Occupational Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Care Ontario Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Barbara Neis
- SafetyNet Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Research, Memorial University St. John's Newfoundland Canada
| | | | - Hugh W. Davies
- Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Population and Public HealthUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Zhiwei Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of MedicineMemorial University St. John's Newfoundland Canada
| | - Kevin Hedges
- Occupational Health Clinics for Ontario Workers Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - D. Linn Holness
- Department of Medicine and Public Health SciencesSt. Michael's Hospital/University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mieke Koehoorn
- Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Population and Public HealthUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Susan R. Stock
- Division of Biological Risks and Occupational HealthInstitut national de santé publique du Québec (Quebec Institute of Public Health) Montreal Quebec Canada
- Department of Social and Preventive MedicineSchool of Public Health, Université de Montreal Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Stephen Bornstein
- SafetyNet Centre for Occupational Health and Safety Research, Memorial University St. John's Newfoundland Canada
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the frequency of self-reported hand dermatitis and the factors influencing its prevalence among nursing students. METHODS Researchers collected demographic data and used a self-assessment form to identify dermatologic symptoms. The questionnaires were distributed to the students and collected again after the students completed the forms. RESULTS Hand dermatitis was present in 20.9% of nursing students. The most common symptoms were irritation/pruritus, redness/cracking, flaking/rash, swelling, and vesicles in hands. The grade of the student, the presence of allergy complaints, and medication used to treat dermatitis were statistically significantly associated with dermatitis prevalence. The use of gloves and cleansing agents used in handwashing were factors linked to hand dermatitis. CONCLUSIONS Hand dermatitis increases in parallel with the increase of clinical practice hours among nursing students. Familial and environmental factors also increase the risk of hand dermatitis.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide an update on occupational contact dermatitis including gaps in knowledge and practice. Occupational contact dermatitis is the most common occupational skin disease. RECENT FINDINGS New sources of exposure for known allergens and new allergens are continually being reported. Through clinical databases and surveillance systems, effects of prevention efforts or introduction of new allergens or new uses of known allergens can be monitored. Though the diagnostic process is clear, there are delays in workers seeking care. As early detection and intervention improves outcomes, screening should be implemented. Gaps in primary prevention in the workplace are identified and should be addressed to reduce the burden of disease. Surveillance systems support the prevention mandate. Understanding limitations of our knowledge and identifying gaps in practice can lead to initiatives to address research and practice needs and improve prevention of occupational dermatoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Linn Holness
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. .,Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, St Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada. .,MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, St Michael's Hospital, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Toronto, Canada.
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Nichol K, Copes R, Kersey K, Eriksson J, Holness DL. Screening for hand dermatitis in healthcare workers: Comparing workplace screening with dermatologist photo screening. Contact Dermatitis 2019; 80:374-381. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.13231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Nichol
- Collaborative Academic PracticeUniversity Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada
- Dalla Lana School of Public HealthUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Centre for Research Expertise in Occupational Disease Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Ray Copes
- Dalla Lana School of Public HealthUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Environmental and Occupational HealthPublic Health Ontario Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Karon Kersey
- Occupational Health and SafetyUniversity Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Jonas Eriksson
- Collaborative Academic PracticeUniversity Health Network Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Dorothy L. Holness
- Dalla Lana School of Public HealthUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Centre for Research Expertise in Occupational Disease Toronto Ontario Canada
- Division of Occupational Medicine, Department of MedicineUniversity of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Division of Occupational MedicineSt Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
- Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge InstituteSt Michael's Hospital Toronto Ontario Canada
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Hamnerius N, Svedman C, Bergendorff O, Björk J, Bruze M, Engfeldt M, Pontén A. Hand eczema and occupational contact allergies in healthcare workers with a focus on rubber additives. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 79:149-156. [PMID: 29923205 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hand eczema (HE) in healthcare workers (HCWs) is common. Besides wet work, healthcare work also implies exposure to contact allergens. OBJECTIVES To assess HE and contact allergy related to occupational exposures in HCWs. METHODS In a cross-sectional study, 311 HCWs with HE within the preceding 12 months and a control group of 114 HCWs without HE were investigated with the baseline series and a special patch test series based on substances found in the gloves, soaps, alcoholic hand disinfectants and hand creams provided at the hospitals. RESULTS Contact allergy to rubber additives was significantly more common in HCWs with HE (6%) than in HCWs without HE (1%, P = .02). The corresponding percentages for fragrances were 11% and 3%, respectively (P = .004). Occupational HE was found in 193 of 311 (62%) HCWs. Of these, 22 of 193 (11%) had occupational allergic contact dermatitis, including 17 with glove-related rubber contact allergy. Contact allergy to diphenylguanidine was as common as contact allergy to thiurams. Occupational contact allergy to rubber additives was significantly associated with sick-leave related to HE. CONCLUSION Contact allergy to rubber additives in medical gloves is the most common cause of occupational allergic contact dermatitis in HCWs. Aimed patch testing with relevant rubber additives is mandatory when HE in HCWs is investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Hamnerius
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ola Bergendorff
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jonas Björk
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Studies Sweden, Forum South, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Malin Engfeldt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ann Pontén
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Lampel HP, Powell HB. Occupational and Hand Dermatitis: a Practical Approach. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2018; 56:60-71. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-018-8706-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Nichol K, McKay SM, Ruco A, Holness DL. Testing the Hand Dermatitis Screening Tool in the Home Health Care Sector. HOME HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1084822318780012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Workers exposed to wet work are at an increased risk for occupational contact dermatitis and may benefit from screening to detect early disease. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of hand dermatitis in home care workers, identify factors that influence presence of disease, and explore feasibility and importance of workplace screening in the home care sector. Following institutional ethics approval, nurses, personal support workers, and rehab therapists at one large home care provider in Ontario, Canada, self-screened for hand dermatitis using the Hand Dermatitis Screening Tool and accompanying photo guide and completed a short feasibility evaluation. Of the 220 participants, 18% had a positive screen for hand dermatitis and 77% reported exposure to wet work. In all, 93% of participants reported using the tool took less than 2 minutes and 84% reported screening for hand dermatitis is important. In conclusion, prevalence of hand dermatitis in home care workers is higher than reported in the general population. Workplace screening for hand dermatitis was deemed important, and the tool was feasible to use in the home care sector.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Nichol
- VHA Home HealthCare, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Research Expertise in Occupational Disease, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S. M. McKay
- VHA Home HealthCare, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A. Ruco
- VHA Home HealthCare, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - D. L. Holness
- University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Centre for Research Expertise in Occupational Disease, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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18
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Gupta SB, Gupta A, Shah B, Kothari P, Darall S, Boghara D, Sonkar S, Deo K. Hand eczema in nurses, nursing auxiliaries and cleaners-A cross-sectional study from a tertiary hospital in western India. Contact Dermatitis 2018; 79:20-25. [PMID: 29691869 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers have a high risk of developing hand eczema. OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence and severity of dermatologist-determined hand eczema among healthcare workers, carry out patch testing, and correlate the findings with impairment in quality of life (QoL) and demographic and vocational factors. METHODS Seven hundred and ten healthcare workers (279 nurses, 246 cleaners, and 185 nursing auxiliaries) were screened for the presence of hand eczema. Severity of eczema was calculated with the Hand Eczema Severity Index (HECSI), and QoL was measured with the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). Individuals with hand eczema were also patch tested. RESULTS The point and 1-year prevalences of hand eczema were 7.2% and 18.9%, respectively. Hand eczema was significantly associated with atopic dermatitis. The mean HECSI score was 9.39; it was significantly higher in patients with atopic dermatitis and those with recurrent hand eczema. The mean DLQI score was 5.37. Cleaning staff had significantly greater impairment in QoL. HECSI and DLQI scores were positively correlated. Patch testing showed that thiuram mix, antibiotics and cleansers as sensitizers were over-represented in healthcare workers as compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS Hand eczema was particularly common in hospital cleaners and staff with atopic dermatitis. Further studies are needed to address the burden of occupational hand eczema and develop guidelines for its management at a national level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev B Gupta
- Dr D. Y. Patil Medical College-Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pune, India
| | - Aayush Gupta
- Dr D. Y. Patil Medical College-Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pune, India
| | - Bhavika Shah
- Dr D. Y. Patil Medical College-Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pune, India
| | - Preeti Kothari
- Dr D. Y. Patil Medical College-Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pune, India
| | - Sweety Darall
- Dr D. Y. Patil Medical College-Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pune, India
| | - Dhara Boghara
- Dr D. Y. Patil Medical College-Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pune, India
| | - Sukhnandan Sonkar
- Dr D. Y. Patil Medical College-Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pune, India
| | - Kirti Deo
- Dr D. Y. Patil Medical College-Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Pune, India
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Trudel C, Cobb S, Momtahan K, Brintnell J, Mitchell A. Human factors considerations in designing for infection prevention and control in neonatal care - findings from a pre-design inquiry. ERGONOMICS 2018; 61:169-184. [PMID: 28511634 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2017.1330967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Qualitative data collection methods drawn from the early stages of human-centred design frameworks combined with thematic analysis were used to develop an understanding of infection prevention practice within an existing neonatal intensive care unit. Findings were used to generate a framework of understanding which in turn helped inform a baseline approach for future research and design development. The study revealed that a lack of clarity between infection transmission zones and a lack of design attributes needed to uphold infection prevention measures may be undermining healthcare workers' understanding and application of good practice. The issue may be further complicated by well-intentioned behavioural attitudes to meeting work objectives; undue influences from spatial constraints; the influence of inadvertent and excessive touch-based interactions; physical and/or cognitive exertion to maintain transmission barriers; and the impact of expanding job design and increased workload to supplement for lack of effective barriers. Practitioner Summary: Despite high hand hygiene compliance within a neonatal intensive care unit, healthcare workers expressed concerns about the unit design and infection prevention practice. Early inquiry methods from human-centred design and thematic analysis helped develop a framework to understand how design can be used to aid infection prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantal Trudel
- a Faculty of Engineering, Human Factors Research Group , University of Nottingham , UK
- b School of Industrial Design, Carleton University , Ontario , Canada
| | - Sue Cobb
- a Faculty of Engineering, Human Factors Research Group , University of Nottingham , UK
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Hamnerius N, Svedman C, Bergendorff O, Björk J, Bruze M, Pontén A. Wet work exposure and hand eczema among healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study. Br J Dermatol 2017; 178:452-461. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Hamnerius
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Malmö Sweden
| | - C. Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Malmö Sweden
| | - O. Bergendorff
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Malmö Sweden
| | - J. Björk
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine; Lund University; Lund Sweden
- Clinical Studies Sweden; Forum South; Skåne University Hospital; Lund Sweden
| | - M. Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Malmö Sweden
| | - A. Pontén
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology; Lund University; Skåne University Hospital; Malmö Sweden
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Hogan V, Coggins MA, Roberts N, Kelly M. Health and Safety in Podiatric Medicine Findings from a National Survey of Irish Podiatric Physicians. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2017; 107:522-530. [PMID: 29252018 DOI: 10.7547/15-141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Much of the research into health and safety in podiatric medicine to date has focused on measuring particular hazards. This study examines legislative awareness and compliance in Irish podiatric medical practices and aspects of health and safety practice. METHODS Podiatric physicians practicing in Ireland completed a cross-sectional questionnaire survey that included measures of health and safety knowledge and awareness, compliance with legislative requirements, perceived risks, and health status. RESULTS Of 250 podiatric physicians who were contacted, 101 completed the survey (response rate, 40%). Legislative knowledge and compliance were low among respondents. A Student t test revealed that the use of safety control measures was more frequent among podiatric physicians in practice for less than 20 years ( P < .05). Musculoskeletal disorders and back injuries were the most frequently reported health concerns. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the need for interventions to increase awareness of legislative requirements among podiatric physicians as a first step to increase levels of regulatory compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Hogan
- School of Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Marie A. Coggins
- School of Physics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Nigel Roberts
- School of Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Martina Kelly
- College of Engineering and Informatics, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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Minamoto K, Watanabe T, Diepgen TL. Self-reported hand eczema among dental workers in Japan - a cross-sectional study. Contact Dermatitis 2016; 75:230-9. [PMID: 27523777 DOI: 10.1111/cod.12656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental workers are considered to have a high risk of developing occupational hand eczema. OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of work-related hand eczema and associated risk factors in dental workers in Japan. METHODS A self-administered questionnaire was sent by mail to all dental clinics of Kumamoto City, Japan. In addition, patch testing with 24 dentistry-related allergens was offered. RESULTS In total, 46.4% of dental workers (n = 528: response 31.4%, based on 97 clinics) reported a lifetime history of chronic hand eczema. The 1-year prevalence was 36.2%. According to logistic regression analysis, the most important risk factors for the 1-year prevalence were a personal history of atopic dermatitis [odds ratio (OR) 4.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.2-8.8], asthma and/or allergic rhinitis (OR 2.0, 95%CI: 1.3-3.0), dry skin (OR 1.7, 95%CI: 1.1-2.7), shorter duration of work (OR 2.0, 95%CI: 1.2-3.5 for up to 10 years versus >20 years), and washing hands >10 times per day (OR 1.6, 95%CI: 1.0-2.5). Fifty-four workers were patch tested. Rubber chemicals and acrylates were the most frequent occupationally relevant contact allergens. CONCLUSIONS Dental workers in Japan have a high prevalence of hand eczema. Health education to prevent hand eczema and more frequent patch testing are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Minamoto
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan. ,
| | | | - Thomas L Diepgen
- Department of Social Medicine, Occupational & Environmental Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany
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Yucesoy B, Talzhanov Y, Michael Barmada M, Johnson VJ, Kashon ML, Baron E, Wilson NW, Frye B, Wang W, Fluharty K, Gharib R, Meade J, Germolec D, Luster MI, Nedorost S. Association of MHC region SNPs with irritant susceptibility in healthcare workers. J Immunotoxicol 2016; 13:738-44. [PMID: 27258892 DOI: 10.3109/1547691x.2016.1173135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Irritant contact dermatitis is the most common work-related skin disease, especially affecting workers in "wet-work" occupations. This study was conducted to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and skin irritant response in a group of healthcare workers. 585 volunteer healthcare workers were genotyped for MHC SNPs and patch tested with three different irritants: sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and benzalkonium chloride (BKC). Genotyping was performed using Illumina Goldengate MHC panels. A number of SNPs within the MHC Class I (OR2B3, TRIM31, TRIM10, TRIM40 and IER3), Class II (HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1) and Class III (C2) genes were associated (p < 0.001) with skin response to tested irritants in different genetic models. Linkage disequilibrium patterns and functional annotations identified two SNPs in the TRIM40 (rs1573298) and HLA-DPB1 (rs9277554) genes, with a potential impact on gene regulation. In addition, SNPs in PSMB9 (rs10046277 and ITPR3 (rs499384) were associated with hand dermatitis. The results are of interest as they demonstrate that genetic variations in inflammation-related genes within the MHC can influence chemical-induced skin irritation and may explain the connection between inflamed skin and propensity to subsequent allergic contact sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berran Yucesoy
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , CDC/NIOSH , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Yerkebulan Talzhanov
- b Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | - M Michael Barmada
- b Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , PA , USA
| | | | - Michael L Kashon
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , CDC/NIOSH , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Elma Baron
- d University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , OH , USA
| | - Nevin W Wilson
- e Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine , University of Nevada , Reno , NV , USA
| | - Bonnie Frye
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , CDC/NIOSH , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Wei Wang
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , CDC/NIOSH , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Kara Fluharty
- a Health Effects Laboratory Division , CDC/NIOSH , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Rola Gharib
- f Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine , West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Jean Meade
- g Office of Director, CDC/NIOSH , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Dori Germolec
- h Toxicology Branch, DNTP/NIEHS, Research Triangle Park , NC , USA
| | - Michael I Luster
- i School of Public Health, West Virginia University , Morgantown , WV , USA
| | - Susan Nedorost
- d University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University , Cleveland , OH , USA
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Nichol K, Copes R, Spielmann S, Kersey K, Eriksson J, Holness DL. Workplace screening for hand dermatitis: a pilot study: Table 1. Occup Med (Lond) 2015; 66:46-9. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqv126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Al-Otaibi ST, Alqahtani HAM. Management of contact dermatitis. JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY & DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdds.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care workers (HCWs) are at increased risk of irritant contact dermatitis due to frequent hand washing and use of alcohol gel. This has increased the incidence of occupational skin diseases. AIMS To evaluate hand dermatitis in HCWs in our hospital by means of a survey which also examined trends of exposure and the utility of patch testing. METHODS HCWs diagnosed with hand dermatitis in our contact dermatitis clinic from January 2011 to July 2012 were included. Information was collected retrospectively from medical notes, computer records and the database of the British Cutaneous Allergy Society. RESULTS A total of 69 HCWs were diagnosed with hand dermatitis, with a prevalence of ~4%. The majority were female and the clinical areas in which they worked were diverse. About 98% (68) had irritant contact dermatitis, and hand washing was the commonest cause of symptoms. About 75% (51) had irritant dermatitis exclusively. Patch test was positive in 42% with the commonest reaction to nickel, followed by formaldehyde. Associated atopy was found in less than half of the cases. CONCLUSIONS Irritant hand dermatitis is prevalent in HCWs in this setting. Patch testing is useful to identify any additional allergic element in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Malik
- Derby Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London Road Community Hospital, London Road, Derby DE1 2QY, UK,
| | - J English
- Circle, NHS Treatment Centre, Nottingham NG7 2FT, UK
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Holness DL. Occupational skin allergies: testing and treatment (the case of occupational allergic contact dermatitis). Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2014; 14:410. [PMID: 24408535 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-013-0410-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Occupational contact dermatitis, including occupational allergic contact dermatitis, is one of the most common occupational diseases. Making a timely and accurate diagnosis is important to improving the outcome. Taking a work history and patch testing are essential elements in the diagnostic process. Management, based on an accurate diagnosis, must include both medical treatment to address the disease and workplace modifications as appropriate to reduce exposure the causative agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Linn Holness
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, St. Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond St., Toronto, ON, M5B 1W8, Canada,
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van der Meer EWC, Boot CRL, van der Gulden JWJ, Jungbauer FHW, Coenraads PJ, Anema JR. Hand eczema among healthcare professionals in the Netherlands: prevalence, absenteeism, and presenteeism. Contact Dermatitis 2013; 69:164-71. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Esther W. C. van der Meer
- Department of Public and Occupational Health; EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre; Amsterdam; 1081 BT; The Netherlands
| | | | - Joost W. J. van der Gulden
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Centre for Family Medicine, Geriatric Care and Public Health; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre; Nijmegen; 6500 HB; The Netherlands
| | - Frank H. W. Jungbauer
- Department of Public and Occupational Health; Groningen University Medical Centre; Groningen; 9700 RB; The Netherlands
| | - Pieter Jan Coenraads
- Department of Dermatology; University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen; Groningen; 9700 RB; The Netherlands
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