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Understanding the Role of Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Periodontology. Clin Rev Bone Miner Metab 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12018-021-09281-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Shrestha S, McFadden MJ, Gramolini AO, Santerre JP. Proteome analysis of secretions from human monocyte-derived macrophages post-exposure to biomaterials and the effect of secretions on cardiac fibroblast fibrotic character. Acta Biomater 2020; 111:80-90. [PMID: 32428683 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of exogenous biomolecules (BM) for the purpose of repairing and regenerating damaged cardiac tissue can yield serious side effects if used for prolonged periods. As well, such strategies can be cost prohibitive depending on the regiment and period of time applied. Alternatively, autologous monocytes/monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) can provide a viable path towards generating an endogenous source of stimulatory BM. Biomaterials are often considered as delivery vehicles to generate unique profiles of such BM in tissues or to deliver autologous cells, that can influence the nature of BM produced by the cells. MDM cultured on a degradable polar hydrophobic ionic (D-PHI) polyurethane has previously demonstrated a propensity to increase select anti-inflammatory cytokines, and therefore there is good rationale to further investigate a broader spectrum of the cells' BM in order to provide a more complete proteomic analysis of human MDM secretions induced by D-PHI. Further, it is of interest to assess the potential of such BM to influence cells involved in the reparative state of vital tissues such as those that affect cardiac cell function. Hence, this current study examines the proteomic profile of MDM secretions using mass spectrometry for the first time, along with ELISA, following their culture on D-PHI, and compares them to two important reference materials, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS). Secretions collected from D-PHI cultured MDM led to higher levels of regenerative BM, AGRN, TGFBI and ANXA5, but lower levels of pro-fibrotic BM, MMP7, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα, when compared to MDM secretions collected from PLGA and TCPS. In the application to cardiac cell function, the secretion collected from D-PHI cultured MDM led to more human cardiac fibroblast (HCFs) migration. A lower collagen gel contraction induced by MDM secretions collected from D-PHI was supported by gene array analysis for human fibrosis-related genes. The implication of these findings is that more tailored biomaterials such as D-PHI, may lead to a lower pro-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages when used in cardiac tissue constructs, thereby enabling the development of vehicles for the delivery of interventional therapies, or be applied as coatings for sensor implants in cardiac tissue that minimize fibrosis. The general approach of using synthetic biomaterials in order to induce MDM secretions in a manner that will guide favorable regeneration will be critical in making the choice of biomaterials for tissue regeneration work in the future. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Immune modulation strategies currently applied in cardiac tissue repair are mainly based on the delivery of defined exogenous biomolecules. However, the use of such biomolecules may pose wide ranging systemic effects, thereby rendering them clinically less practical. The chemistry of biomaterials (used as a potential targeted delivery modality to circumvent the broad systemic effects of biomolecules) can not only affect acute and chronic toxicity but also alters the timeframe of the wound healing cascade. In this context, monocytes/monocyte-derive macrophages (MDM) can be harnessed as an immune modulating strategy to promote wound healing by an appropriate choice of the biomaterial. However, there are limited reports on the complete proteome analysis of MDM and their reaction of biomaterial related interventions on cardiac tissues and cells. No studies to date have demonstrated the complete proteome of MDM secretions when these cells were cultured on a non-traditional immune modulatory ionomeric polyurethane D-PHI film. This study demonstrated that MDM cultured on D-PHI expressed significantly higher levels of AGRN, TGFBI and ANXA5 but lower levels of MMP7, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα when compared to MDM cultured on a well-established degradable biomaterials in the medical field, e.g. PLGA and TCPS, which are often used as the relative standards for cell culture work in the biomaterials field. The implications of these findings have relevance to the repair of cardiac tissues. In another aspect of the work, human cardiac fibroblasts showed significantly lower contractility (low collagen gel contraction and low levels of ACTA2) when cultured in the presence of MDM secretions collected after culturing them on D-PHI compared to PLGA and TCPS. The findings place emphasis on the importance of making the choice of biomaterials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applied to their use in cardiac tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suja Shrestha
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada
| | - Meghan J McFadden
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada
| | - Anthony O Gramolini
- Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1M8, Canada
| | - J Paul Santerre
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1G6, Canada; Translational Biology and Engineering Program and Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1M1, Canada; Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G9, Canada.
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Zhang X, Deng XH, Song Z, Croen B, Carballo CB, Album Z, Zhang Y, Bhandari R, Rodeo SA. Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibition With Doxycycline Affects the Progression of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture: Evaluation in a New Nonsurgical Murine ACL Rupture Model. Am J Sports Med 2020; 48:143-152. [PMID: 31756130 DOI: 10.1177/0363546519887158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxycycline has broad-spectrum activity as a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor and thus could reduce the progression of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. HYPOTHESIS Doxycycline would inhibit progression of PTOA in a murine ACL rupture model. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS For the in vitro study, cadaveric C57BL/6 male mice knees (N = 108) were used for the development of a nonsurgical ACL rupture model. For the in vivo study, 24 C57BL/6 male mice then underwent ACL rupture with our manual procedure and were divided into 4 groups: untreated control; doxycycline, 10 mg/kg/d; doxycycline, 50 mg/kg/d; and doxycycline, 100 mg/kg/d. Doxycycline was administered in drinking water beginning immediately after ACL rupture. Radiographic imaging and paw prints were evaluated at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. The foot length and toe spread were analyzed as measures of function. Histology and MMP-13 immunohistochemistry were done at 4 weeks. RESULTS Radiographs demonstrated anterior tibial subluxation and meniscal extrusion after ACL rupture, confirming knee joint instability without fractures. Statistically significant differences in gait were found between the intact and experimental groups. Histologic examination demonstrated cartilage damage, meniscal tears, and mild osteoarthritis after ACL rupture, similar to what occurs in human patients. Hypertrophy of the posterior horn of the medial and lateral meniscus was found, and tears of the posterior horn of the menisci were common. All doxycycline groups had a lower score than the untreated control group, indicating less cartilage damage. The posterior tibia of the untreated group had the most cartilage damage as compared with the 3 doxycycline groups, with a significant difference between the untreated and 50-mg/kg/d doxycycline groups, suggesting that the latter dose may protect against proteoglycan loss and decrease the progression of osteoarthritis. The nondoxycycline group had the highest synovial inflammation score among all groups, indicating that doxycycline has an inhibitory effect on synovitis. There was significantly lower MMP-13 expression on the tibia in the doxycycline-treated groups, with a positive correlation between doxycycline concentration and MMP-13 inhibition. CONCLUSION Modulation of MMP-13 activity by doxycycline treatment may offer a novel biological pathway to decrease the progression of PTOA after ACL rupture. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Doxycycline is an approved, readily available drug with infrequent side effects of photosensitivity and gastrointestinal symptoms. Future clinical trials could evaluate doxycycline to reduce or prevent progressive cartilage damage after ACL rupture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Zhang
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Sports Medicine & Research Centre of Sports Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang-Hua Deng
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zhe Song
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Brett Croen
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Camila B Carballo
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Zoe Album
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Reyna Bhandari
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Scott A Rodeo
- Laboratory for Joint Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Orthopedic Soft Tissue Research Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
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A Novel Analysis via Micro-CT Imaging Indicates That Chemically Modified Tetracycline-3 (CMT-3) Inhibits Tooth Relapse after Orthodontic Movement: A Pilot Experimental Study. Int J Dent 2019; 2019:3524207. [PMID: 31065268 PMCID: PMC6466921 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3524207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of chemically modified tetracycline-3 (CMT-3) and simvastatin on tooth relapse after orthodontic movement in rats using a novel analysis method employing high-resolution micro-CT (Micro-CT) images. In addition, the correlation between bone density and orthodontic relapse was also evaluated for each experimental group. Methods Forty adult male Wistar rats had stainless steel springs installed on their left upper first molars in order to generate tooth movement for 18 days. After this initial period, the animals were divided into three groups: (1) 30 mg/kg of CMT-3; (2) 5 mg/kg of simvastatin; and (3) 0.5% carboxymethylcellulose, and each group was treated for 20 days. Micro-CT images were analyzed (conventional method and 3D reconstruction) on the 7th and 18th days following spring fixation and finally, 20 days after treatment either with CMT-3 or simvastatin (38th day). Bone mineral density (BMD) of the mesial and distal roots of the upper first molar was also analyzed. Results The difference was statistically significant between the groups as to recurrence (p=0.048), and the post hoc test identified the value of p=0.007 between the control group and the CMT-3 group. Simvastatin was not able to inhibit tooth relapse. The bone mineral densities of both the mesial and distal roots were different between the three groups, after the 20th day of drug use (p=0001 and p < 0001). Conclusion Our findings support the initial evidence that CMT-3 is able to prevent relapse after tooth movement. Future trials in humans should evaluate such treatment as a promising approach to preventing this common phenomenon. Clinical Relevance Considering the results obtained, CMT-3 can be used to avoid relapse after tooth movement.
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Raina M, Bates AM, Fischer CL, Progulske-Fox A, Abbasi T, Vali S, Brogden KA. Human beta defensin 3 alters matrix metalloproteinase production in human dendritic cells exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis hemagglutinin B. J Periodontol 2018; 89:361-369. [PMID: 29543996 DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc- or calcium-dependent proteinases involved in normal maintenance of extracellular matrix. When elevated, they contribute to the tissue destruction seen in periodontal disease. Recently, we found that human beta defensin 3 (HBD3), a cationic antimicrobial peptide, alters chemokine and proinflammatory cytokine responses in human myeloid dendritic cells exposed to Porphyromonas gingivalis hemagglutinin B (HagB). In this study, the hypotheses that HagB induces MMP production in dendritic cells and that HBD3 mixed with HagB prior to treatment alters HagB-induced MMP profiles were tested. METHODS Dendritic cells were exposed to 0.2 μM HagB alone and HagB + HBD3 (0.2 or 2.0 μM) mixtures. After 16 hours, concentrations of MMPs in cell culture media were determined with commercial multiplex fluorescent bead-based immunoassays. An integrated cell network was used to identify potential HagB-induced signaling pathways in dendritic cells leading to the production of MMPs. RESULTS 0.2 μM HagB induced MMP1, -2, -7, -9, and -12 responses in dendritic cells. 0.2 μM HBD3 enhanced the HagB-induced MMP7 response (P < 0.05) and 2.0 μM HBD3 attenuated HagB-induced MMP1, -7, and -9 responses (P < 0.05). The MMP12 response was not affected. In the predicted network, MMPs are produced via activation of multiple pathways. Signals converge to activate numerous transcription factors, which transcribe different MMPs. CONCLUSION HagB was an MMP stimulus and HBD3 was found to decrease HagB-induced MMP1, -7, and -9 responses in dendritic cells at 16 hours, an observation that suggests HBD3 can alter microbial antigen-induced production of MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Raina
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | - Amber M Bates
- Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
| | | | - Ann Progulske-Fox
- Center for Molecular Microbiology and Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | | | | | - Kim A Brogden
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA.,Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA
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Patianna G, Valente NA, D'Addona A, Andreana S. In vitro evaluation of controlled-release 14% doxycycline gel for decontamination of machined and sandblasted acid-etched implants. J Periodontol 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Patianna
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Rome Italy
| | - Nicola Alberto Valente
- Department of Surgery; Geneva University Hospitals, University of Geneva, Unit of Oral Surgery and Implantology, Service of Maxillofacial and Buccal Surgery; Geneva Switzerland
- Department of Periodontics and Endodontics; State University of New York at Buffalo; Buffalo NY
| | - Antonio D'Addona
- Department of Oral Surgery and Implantology; Catholic University of the Sacred Heart; Rome Italy
| | - Sebastiano Andreana
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; State University of New York at Buffalo; Buffalo NY
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Ekblad Å, Westgren M, Fossum M, Götherström C. Fetal subcutaneous cells have potential for autologous tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2018; 12:1177-1185. [PMID: 29327490 DOI: 10.1002/term.2639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Major congenital malformations affect up to 3% of newborns. Infants with prenatally diagnosed soft tissue defects should benefit from having autologous tissue readily available for surgical implantation in the perinatal period. In this study, we investigate fetal subcutaneous cells as cellular source for tissue engineering. Fetal subcutaneous biopsies were collected from elective terminations at gestational Week 20-21. Cells were isolated, expanded, and characterized in vitro. To determine cell coverage, localization, viability, and proliferation in different constructs, the cells were seeded onto a matrix (small intestine submucosa) or in collagen gel with or without poly(ε-caprolactone) mesh and were kept in culture for up to 8 weeks before analysis. Angiogenesis was analysed through a tube-forming assay. Fetal subcutaneous cells could be expanded until 43 ± 3 population doublings, expressed mesenchymal markers, and readily differentiate into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. The cells showed low adherence to small intestine submucosa and did not migrate deep into the matrix. However, in collagen gels, the cells migrated into the gel and proliferated with sustained viability for up to 8 weeks. The cells in the matrices expressed Ki67, CD73, and α-smooth muscle actin but not cytokeratin or CD31. Fetal cells derived from subcutaneous tissue demonstrated favourable characteristics for preparation of autologous tissue transplants before birth. Our study supports the theory that cells could be obtained from the fetus during pregnancy for tissue engineering purposes after birth. In a future clinical situation, autologous transplants could be used for reconstructive surgery in severe congenital malformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åsa Ekblad
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magnus Westgren
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Magdalena Fossum
- Department of Women's and Children's Health at Centre of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Patient area Children with diseases of the abdomen and blood or cancer, Section of Urology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Götherström
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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8
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Hashimoto K, Kajitani N, Miyamoto Y, Matsumoto KI. Wound healing-related properties detected in an experimental model with a collagen gel contraction assay are affected in the absence of tenascin-X. Exp Cell Res 2017; 363:102-113. [PMID: 29291401 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Patients with tenascin-X (TNX)-deficient type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) do not exhibit delayed wound healing, unlike classic type EDS patients, who exhibit mutations in collagen genes. Similarly, in TNX-knockout (KO) mice, wound closure of the skin is normal even though these mice exhibit a reduced breaking strength. Therefore, we speculated that the wound healing process may be affected in the absence of TNX. In this study, to investigate the effects of TNX absence on wound healing-related properties, we performed collagen gel contraction assays with wild-type (WT) and TNX-KO mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Collagen gels with embedded TNX-KO MEFs showed significantly greater contraction than those containing WT MEFs. Subsequently, we assessed collagen gel contraction-related properties, such as the activities of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 and the protein and mRNA expression levels of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) in the collagen gels. The activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the expression level of TGF-β1 were elevated in the absence of TNX. Furthermore, filopodia-like protrusion formation, cell proliferation, migration, and collagen expression in MEFs were promoted in the absence of TNX. These results indicate that these wound healing-related properties are affected in a TNX-deficient extracellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Research Fellow of Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan
| | - Naoyo Kajitani
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan; Department of Experimental Animals, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Miyamoto
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Enya-cho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan.
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Omolu A, Bailly M, Day RM. Assessment of solid microneedle rollers to enhance transmembrane delivery of doxycycline and inhibition of MMP activity. Drug Deliv 2017; 24:942-951. [PMID: 28618841 PMCID: PMC8241162 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2017.1337826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Many chronic wounds exhibit high matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity that impedes the normal wound healing process. Intradermal delivery (IDD) of sub-antimicrobial concentrations of doxycycline, as an MMP inhibitor, could target early stages of chronic wound development and inhibit further wound progression. To deliver doxycycline intradermally, the skin barrier must be disrupted. Microneedle rollers offer a minimally invasive technique to penetrate the skin by creating multiple microchannels that act as temporary conduits for drugs to diffuse through. In this study, an innovative and facile approach for delivery of doxycycline across Strat-MTM membrane was investigated using microneedle rollers. The quantity and rate of doxycycline diffusing through the micropores directly correlated with increasing microneedle lengths (250, 500 and 750 μm). Treatment of Strat-MTM with microneedle rollers resulted in a reduction in fibroblast-mediated collagen gel contraction and MMP activity compared with untreated Strat-MTM. Our results show that treatment of an epidermal mimetic with microneedle rollers provides sufficient permeabilization for doxycycline diffusion and inhibition of MMP activity. We conclude that microneedle rollers are a promising, clinically ready tool suitable for delivery of doxycycline intradermally to treat chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbie Omolu
- a Applied Biomedical Engineering Group, Division of Medicine , University College London , London , UK
| | | | - Richard M Day
- a Applied Biomedical Engineering Group, Division of Medicine , University College London , London , UK
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Mullin NK, Mallipeddi NV, Hamburg-Shields E, Ibarra B, Khalil AM, Atit RP. Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Pathway Regulates Specific lncRNAs That Impact Dermal Fibroblasts and Skin Fibrosis. Front Genet 2017; 8:183. [PMID: 29209359 PMCID: PMC5702388 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is required for embryonic dermal fibroblast cell fate, and dysregulation of this pathway is sufficient to promote fibrosis in adult tissue. The downstream modulators of Wnt/β-catenin signaling required for controlling cell fate and dermal fibrosis remain poorly understood. The discovery of regulatory long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their pivotal roles as key modulators of gene expression downstream of signaling cascades in various contexts prompted us to investigate their roles in Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Here, we have identified lncRNAs and protein-coding RNAs that are induced by β-catenin activity in mouse dermal fibroblasts using next generation RNA-sequencing. The differentially expressed protein-coding mRNAs are enriched for extracellular matrix proteins, glycoproteins, and cell adhesion, and many are also dysregulated in human fibrotic tissues. We identified 111 lncRNAs that are differentially expressed in response to activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. To further characterize the role of mouse lncRNAs in this pathway, we validated two novel Wnt signaling- Induced Non-Coding RNA (Wincr) transcripts referred to as Wincr1 and Wincr2. These two lncRNAs are highly expressed in mouse embryonic skin and perinatal dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, we found that Wincr1 expression levels in perinatal dermal fibroblasts affects the expression of key markers of fibrosis (e.g., Col1a1 and Mmp10), enhances collagen contraction, and attenuates collective cell migration. Our results show that β-catenin signaling-responsive lncRNAs may modulate dermal fibroblast behavior and collagen accumulation in dermal fibrosis, providing new mechanistic insights and nodes for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel K Mullin
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Nikhil V Mallipeddi
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Emily Hamburg-Shields
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Beatriz Ibarra
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Ahmad M Khalil
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Radhika P Atit
- Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.,Department of Dermatology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
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11
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Hadziabdic N, Kurtovic-Kozaric A, Pojskic N, Sulejmanagic N, Todorovic L. Gene-expression analysis of matrix metalloproteinases 1 and 2 and their tissue inhibitors in chronic periapical inflammatory lesions. J Oral Pathol Med 2015; 45:224-30. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naida Hadziabdic
- Department of Oral Surgery; School of Dental Medicine; University of Sarajevo; Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Amina Kurtovic-Kozaric
- Department of Pathology; Clinical Center of the University of Sarajevo; Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Naris Pojskic
- Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; Sarajevo Bosnia and Herzegovina
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12
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Koczorowska MM, Tholen S, Bucher F, Lutz L, Kizhakkedathu JN, De Wever O, Wellner UF, Biniossek ML, Stahl A, Lassmann S, Schilling O. Fibroblast activation protein-α, a stromal cell surface protease, shapes key features of cancer associated fibroblasts through proteome and degradome alterations. Mol Oncol 2015; 10:40-58. [PMID: 26304112 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) constitute an abundant stromal component of most solid tumors. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) α is a cell surface protease that is expressed by CAFs. We corroborate this expression profile by immunohistochemical analysis of colorectal cancer specimens. To better understand the tumor-contextual role of FAPα, we investigate how FAPα shapes functional and proteomic features of CAFs using loss- and gain-of function cellular model systems. FAPα activity has a strong impact on the secreted CAF proteome ("secretome"), including reduced levels of anti-angiogenic factors, elevated levels of transforming growth factor (TGF) β, and an impact on matrix processing enzymes. Functionally, FAPα mildly induces sprout formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Moreover, loss of FAPα leads to a more epithelial cellular phenotype and this effect was rescued by exogenous application of TGFβ. In collagen contraction assays, FAPα induced a more contractile cellular phenotype. To characterize the proteolytic profile of FAPα, we investigated its specificity with proteome-derived peptide libraries and corroborated its preference for cleavage carboxy-terminal to proline residues. By "terminal amine labeling of substrates" (TAILS) we explored FAPα-dependent cleavage events. Although FAPα acts predominantly as an amino-dipeptidase, putative FAPα cleavage sites in collagens are present throughout the entire protein length. In contrast, putative FAPα cleavage sites in non-collagenous proteins cluster at the amino-terminus. The degradomic study highlights cell-contextual proteolysis by FAPα with distinct positional profiles. Generally, our findings link FAPα to key aspects of CAF biology and attribute an important role in tumor-stroma interaction to FAPα.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Koczorowska
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Tholen
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - F Bucher
- University Eye Hospital Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - L Lutz
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | - J N Kizhakkedathu
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - O De Wever
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University Hospital, 1P7, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - U F Wellner
- Clinic for Surgery, UKSH Campus Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - M L Biniossek
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - A Stahl
- University Eye Hospital Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Lassmann
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - O Schilling
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signaling Studies, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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13
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Barczyk M, Bolstad AI, Gullberg D. Role of integrins in the periodontal ligament: organizers and facilitators. Periodontol 2000 2015; 63:29-47. [PMID: 23931052 PMCID: PMC3791550 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Ngu JMC, Teng G, Meijndert HC, Mewhort HE, Turnbull JD, Stetler-Stevenson WG, Fedak PWM. Human cardiac fibroblast extracellular matrix remodeling: dual effects of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2. Cardiovasc Pathol 2014; 23:335-43. [PMID: 25060386 PMCID: PMC6295929 DOI: 10.1016/j.carpath.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2014] [Revised: 06/07/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) is an endogenous inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that attenuates maladaptive cardiac remodeling in ischemic heart failure. We examined the effects of TIMP-2 on human cardiac fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. METHODS Human cardiac fibroblasts within a three-dimensional collagen matrix were assessed for phenotype conversion, ECM architecture and key molecular regulators of ECM remodeling after differential exposure to TIMP-2 and Ala+TIMP-2 (a modified TIMP-2 analogue devoid of MMP inhibitory activity). RESULTS TIMP-2 induced opposite effects on human cardiac fibroblast activation and ECM remodeling depending on concentration. TIMP-2 activated fibroblasts into contractile myofibroblasts that remodeled ECM. At higher concentrations (>10 nM), TIMP-2 inhibited fibroblast activation and prevented ECM remodeling. As compared to profibrotic cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1, TIMP-2 activated fibroblasts and remodeled ECM without a net accumulation of matrix elements. TIMP-2 increased total protease activity as compared to TGF-beta1. Ala+TIMP-2 exposure revealed that the actions of TIMP-2 on cardiac fibroblast activation are independent of its effects on MMP inhibition. In the presence of GM6001, a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor, TIMP-2-mediated ECM contraction was completely abolished, indicating that TIMP-2-mediated fibroblast activation is MMP dependent. CONCLUSION TIMP-2 functions in a contextual fashion such that the effect on cardiac fibroblasts depends on the tissue microenvironment. These observations highlight potential clinical challenges in using TIMP-2 as a therapeutic strategy to attenuate postinjury cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet M C Ngu
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Guoqi Teng
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Hans Christopher Meijndert
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Holly E Mewhort
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeannine D Turnbull
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Paul W M Fedak
- Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Cardiac Sciences, University of Calgary, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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15
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Guzman YA, Sakellari D, Arsenakis M, Floudas CA. Proteomics for the discovery of biomarkers and diagnosis of periodontitis: a critical review. Expert Rev Proteomics 2013; 11:31-41. [PMID: 24308552 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.864953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a common chronic and destructive disease whose pathogenetic mechanisms remain unclear. Due to their sensitivity and global scale, proteomics studies offer the opportunity to uncover critical host and pathogen activity indicators and can elucidate clinically applicable biomarkers for improved diagnosis and treatment of the disease. This review summarizes the literature of proteomics studies on periodontitis and comprehensively discusses commonly found candidate biomarkers. Key considerations in the design of an experimental proteomics platform are also outlined. The applicability of protein biomarkers across the progression of periodontitis and unexplored areas of research are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yannis A Guzman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
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16
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Attia E, Bohnert K, Brown H, Bhargava M, Hannafin JA. Characterization of total and active matrix metalloproteinases-1, -3, and -13 synthesized and secreted by anterior cruciate ligament fibroblasts in three-dimensional collagen gels. Tissue Eng Part A 2013; 20:171-7. [PMID: 23879595 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2012.0669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and subsequent reconstructive surgery is increasing with an estimated 200,000 reconstructions performed yearly in the United States. Current treatment requires reconstruction with autograft or allograft tissue with inherent disadvantages. The development of tissue-engineered ligament replacements or scaffolds may provide an alternative treatment method minimizing these issues. The study of ligament fibroblast catabolic and anabolic responses to mechanical and biologic stimuli in three-dimensional (3D) cell culture systems is critical to the development of such therapies. A 3D cell culture system was used to measure the total content and active forms of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-1, -3, and -13 to assess the potential role of the mechanical environment in regulation of matrix turnover by ligament fibroblasts. The production, retention, and secretion of MMPs by ACL fibroblasts in 3D culture were measured over a 14-day period. The total MMP content and MMP activity were determined. The level of all MMPs studied increased over 7-10 days and then reached a steady state or decreased slightly in both the collagen gels and the media. This system will now permit the study of externally applied cyclic and static strains, strain deprivation, and the potential combined role of the cytoskeleton and MMPs in matrix turnover in ligaments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Attia
- Tissue Engineering Repair and Regeneration Program, Hospital for Special Surgery , New York, New York
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17
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Kis-Toth K, Bacskai I, Gogolak P, Mazlo A, Szatmari I, Rajnavolgyi E. Monocyte-derived dendritic cell subpopulations use different types of matrix metalloproteinases inhibited by GM6001. Immunobiology 2013; 218:1361-9. [PMID: 23870824 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2013.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases with the potential to cleave extracellular matrix, support tissue renewal and regulate cell migration. Functional activities of MMPs are regulated by tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) and disruption of the MMP-TIMP balance has pathological consequences. Here we studied the expression and secretion of MMPs and TIMPs in CD1a(-) and CD1a(+) monocyte-derived dendritic cell (DC) subpopulations. Our results showed that monocytes express TIMPs but lack MMPs, whereas upon differentiation to moDCs and in response to activation signals the expression of MMPs is increased and that of TIMPs is decreased. MMP-9 is expressed dominantly in the CD1a(-) subpopulation, while MMP-12 is preferentially expressed in CD1a(+) cells. Experiments performed with the synthetic MMP inhibitor GM6001 revealed that this drug efficiently inhibits the migration of moDCs through inactivation of MMPs. We conclude that modulation of MMP activity by GM6001 emerges as a novel approach to manipulate DC migration under inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Kis-Toth
- Department of Immunology, University of Debrecen, Medical and Health Science Center, Debrecen, Hungary; Department of Rheumatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
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18
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Saminathan A, Vinoth KJ, Low HH, Cao T, Meikle MC. Engineering three-dimensional constructs of the periodontal ligament in hyaluronan-gelatin hydrogel films and a mechanically active environment. J Periodontal Res 2013; 48:790-801. [PMID: 23581542 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Periodontal ligament (PDL) cells in stationary two-dimensional culture systems are in a double default state. Our aim therefore was to engineer and characterize three-dimensional constructs, by seeding PDL cells into hyaluronan-gelatin hydrogel films (80-100 μm) in a format capable of being mechanically deformed. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human PDL constructs were cultured with and without connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 in (i) stationary cultures, and (ii) mechanically active cultures subjected to cyclic strains of 12% at 0.2 Hz each min, 6 h/d, in a Flexercell FX-4000 Strain Unit. The following parameters were measured: cell number and viability by laser scanning confocal microscopy; cell proliferation with the MTS assay; the expression of a panel of 18 genes using real-time RT-PCR; matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 1-3, TIMP-1, CTGF and FGF-2 protein levels in supernatants from mechanically activated cultures with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Constructs from stationary cultures were also examined by scanning electron microscopy and immunostained for actin and vinculin. RESULTS Although initially randomly distributed, the cells became organized into a bilayer by day 7; apoptotic cells remained constant at approximately 5% of the total. CTGF/FGF-2 stimulated cell proliferation in stationary cultures, but relative quantity values suggested modest effects on gene expression. Two transcription factors (RUNX2 and PPARG), two collagens (COL1A1, COL3A1), four MMPs (MMP-1-3, TIMP-1), TGFB1, RANKL, OPG and P4HB were detected by gel electrophoresis and Ct values < 35. In mechanically active cultures, with the exception of P4HB, TGFB1 and RANKL, each was upregulated at some point in the time scale, as was the synthesis of MMPs and TIMP-1. SOX9, MYOD, SP7, BMP2, BGLAP or COL2A1 were not detected in either stationary or mechanically active cultures. CONCLUSION Three-dimensional tissue constructs provide additional complexity to monolayer culture systems, and suggest some of the assumptions regarding cell growth, differentiation and matrix turnover based on two-dimensional cultures may not apply to cells in three-dimensional matrices. Primarily developed as a transitional in vitro model for studying cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions in tooth support, the system is also suitable for investigating the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases, and importantly from the clinical point of view, in a mechanically active environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Saminathan
- Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, 11 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119083, Singapore
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Bulmanski Z, Brady M, Stoute D, Lallier TE. Cigarette smoke extract induces select matrix metalloproteinases and integrin expression in periodontal ligament fibroblasts. J Periodontol 2012; 83:787-96. [PMID: 22122519 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2011.110395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The periodontal ligament (PDL) is the connective tissue that anchors the cementum of the teeth to the alveolar bone. PDL fibroblasts are responsible for the production of collagen and remodeling of the PDL. Periodontal disease is increased among smokers in both incidence and severity. This study examines the direct effect of smoking on PDL fibroblasts and their production of various matrix components and remodeling enzymes. METHODS PDL cells were plated for 1 day and then treated with various concentrations of cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Survival of PDL cells was quantified after exposure to CSE, and their ability to contract three-dimensional collagen gels was examined. Changes in transcript expression after CSE treatment was compared using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis for matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), collagens, and integrins. RESULTS Treatment with CSE-induced cell death at concentrations of ≥5%. PDL-cell-induced collagen gel contraction was reduced at concentrations of 1.5% CSE. Treatment with CSE selectively increased the expression of collagen Vα3 and decreased collagen XIα1. CSE increased the expression of MMP1 and MMP3 and, to a lesser extent, MMP2 and MMP8. CSE also increased the expression of integrins α1, α2, and α10 (collagen receptors) and α9 (a tenascin receptor). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that cigarette smoking has local effects on the cells of the PDL. CSE reduced survival of PDL cells and their ability to contract collagen matrices. CSE also altered the expression of molecules known to provide the structural integrity of the ligament by altering collagen synthesis and remodeling as well as cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Bulmanski
- Department of Oral Biology, Center of Excellence in Oral and Craniofacial Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, School of Dentistry, 1100 Florida Ave., New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
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20
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Zhang L, Li X, Bi LJ. Alterations of collagen-I, MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in the periodontal ligament of diabetic rats under mechanical stress. J Periodontal Res 2011; 46:448-55. [PMID: 21488874 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0765.2011.01359.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The present study assessed effects of hyperglycemia on production of proteins involved in remodeling of the periodontal ligament under mechanical stress. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following two groups: nondiabetic (ND) and diabetes induced (DI; n=24 each group). Diabetes was induced in the DI group by a single dose of streptozotocin, and saline solution was injected in the ND group. Rats were killed 1-14d after induction of mechanical pressure (50g) on the first upper left molar. Alterations of collagen type I (Col-I), MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in the upper left periodontal ligament of these rats were measured immunohistochemically and compared with those on the contralateral side of the same rat (control; no force induction). RESULTS The DI group showed a decrease in Col-I and an increase in MMP-1 compared with the ND group. Both Col-I and MMP-1 increased in both groups, whereas TIMP-1 was decreased following mechanical pressure. The DI group exhibited a longer duration of increased MMP-1 and MMP/TIMP ratio compared with the ND group. CONCLUSION Diabetes affects proteins involved in remodeling of periodontal ligament during mechanical pressure. This may delay the reconstruction and remodeling of periodontal ligament in diabetic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Lin A, Hokugo A, Choi J, Nishimura I. Small cytoskeleton-associated molecule, fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 oncogene partner 2/wound inducible transcript-3.0 (FGFR1OP2/wit3.0), facilitates fibroblast-driven wound closure. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2009; 176:108-21. [PMID: 19959814 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Wounds created in the oral cavity heal rapidly and leave minimal scarring. We have examined a role of a previously isolated cDNA from oral wounds encoding wound inducible transcript-3.0 (wit3.0), also known as fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 oncogene partner 2 (FGFR1OP2). FGFR1OP2/wit3.0 was highly expressed in oral wound fibroblasts without noticeable up-regulation of alpha-smooth muscle actin. In silico analyses, denaturing and nondenaturing gel Western blot, and immunocytology together demonstrated that FGFR1OP2/wit3.0 were able to dimerize and oligomerize through coiled-coil structures and appeared to associate with cytoskeleton networks in oral wound fibroblasts. Overexpression of FGFR1OP2/wit3.0 increased the floating collagen gel contraction of naïve oral fibroblasts to the level of oral wound fibroblasts, which was in turn attenuated by small-interfering RNA knockdown. The FGFR1OP2/wit3.0 synthesis did not affect the expression of collagen I as well as procontractile peptides such as alpha-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-beta1 had no effect on FGFR1OP2/wit3.0 expression. Fibroblastic cells derived from embryonic stem cells carrying FGFR1OP2/wit3.0 (+/-) mutation showed significant retardation in cell migration. Thus, we postulate that FGFR1OP2/wit3.0 may regulate cell motility and stimulate wound closure. FGFR1OP2/wit3.0 was not up-regulated during skin wound healing; however, when treated with FGFR1OP2/wit3.0 -expression vector, the skin wound closure was significantly accelerated, resulting in the limited granulation tissue formation. Our data suggest that FGFR1OP2/wit3.0 may possess a therapeutic potential for wound management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Lin
- The Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA
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