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Duchatsch F, Miotto DS, Tardelli LP, Dionísio TJ, Campos DS, Santos CF, Okoshi K, Amaral SL. Blockade of Inflammatory Markers Attenuates Cardiac Remodeling and Fibrosis in Rats with Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3219. [PMID: 38137440 PMCID: PMC10740498 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Since cardiac inflammation has been considered an important mechanism involved in heart failure, an anti-inflammatory treatment could control cardiac inflammation and mitigate the worsening of cardiac remodeling. This study evaluated the effects of dexamethasone (DEX) and ramipril treatment on inflammation and cardiac fibrosis in an experimental model of heart failure induced by supravalvular aortic stenosis. Wistar rats (21d) were submitted to an aortic stenosis (AS) protocol. After 21 weeks, an echocardiogram and a maximal exercise test were performed, and after 24 weeks, rats were treated with DEX, ramipril or saline for 14d. The left ventricle (LV) was removed for histological and inflammatory marker analyses. The AS group showed exercise intolerance (-32% vs. Sham), higher relative wall thickness (+63%), collagen deposition and capillary rarefaction, followed by cardiac disfunction. Both treatments were effective in reducing cardiac inflammation, but only DEX attenuated the increased relative wall thickness (-17%) and only ramipril reduced LV fibrosis. In conclusion, both DEX and ramipril decreased cardiac inflammatory markers, which probably contributed to the reduced cardiac fibrosis and relative wall thickness; however, treated AS rats did not show any improvement in cardiac function. Despite the complex pharmacological treatment of heart failure, treatment with an anti-inflammatory could delay the patient's poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Duchatsch
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235 Monjolinho, 676, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil; (F.D.); (D.S.M.); (L.P.T.)
| | - Danyelle S. Miotto
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235 Monjolinho, 676, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil; (F.D.); (D.S.M.); (L.P.T.)
| | - Lidieli P. Tardelli
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235 Monjolinho, 676, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil; (F.D.); (D.S.M.); (L.P.T.)
| | - Thiago J. Dionísio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, USP—University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9–75, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil; (T.J.D.); (C.F.S.)
| | - Dijon S. Campos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (D.S.C.); (K.O.)
| | - Carlos F. Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, USP—University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9–75, Bauru 17012-901, SP, Brazil; (T.J.D.); (C.F.S.)
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Prof. Mário Rubens Guimarães Montenegro, s/n, Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil; (D.S.C.); (K.O.)
| | - Sandra L. Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235 Monjolinho, 676, São Carlos 13565-905, SP, Brazil; (F.D.); (D.S.M.); (L.P.T.)
- Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14-01—Vargem Limpa, Bauru 17033-360, SP, Brazil
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Kirchhoff H, Ricke-Hoch M, Wohlan K, Pietzsch S, Karsli Ü, Erschow S, Zweigerdt R, Ganser A, Eder M, Scherr M, Hilfiker-Kleiner D. Chemotherapy-Free Targeted Anti-BCR-ABL+ Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Therapy May Benefit the Heart. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:983. [PMID: 35205731 PMCID: PMC8870618 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies are currently considered the best cost-benefit anti-cancer treatment. In hematological malignancies, however, relapse rates and non-hematopoietic side effects including cardiotoxicity remain high. Here, we describe significant heart damage due to advanced acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with t(9;22) encoding the bcr-abl oncogene (BCR-ABL+ ALL) in murine xenotransplantation models. Echocardiography reveals severe cardiac dysfunction with impaired left ventricular function and reduced heart and cardiomyocyte dimensions associated with increased apoptosis. This cardiac damage is fully reversible, but cardiac recovery depends on the therapy used to induce ALL remission. Chemotherapy-free combination therapy with dasatinib (DAS), venetoclax (VEN) (targeting the BCR-ABL oncoprotein and mitochondrial B-cell CLL/Lymphoma 2 (BCL2), respectively), and dexamethasone (DEX) can fully revert cardiac defects, whereas the depletion of otherwise identical ALL in a genetic model using herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) cannot. Mechanistically, dexamethasone induces a pro-apoptotic BCL2-interacting mediator of cell death (BIM) expression and apoptosis in ALL cells but enhances pro-survival B-cell lymphoma extra-large (BCLXL) expression in cardiomyocytes and clinical recovery with the reversion of cardiac atrophy. These data demonstrate that therapies designed to optimize apoptosis induction in ALL may circumvent cardiac on-target side effects and may even activate cardiac recovery. In the future, combining the careful clinical monitoring of cardiotoxicity in leukemic patients with the further characterization of organ-specific side effects and signaling pathways activated by malignancy and/or anti-tumor therapies seems reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Kirchhoff
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (H.K.); (K.W.); (Ü.K.); (A.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Melanie Ricke-Hoch
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.P.); (S.E.); (D.H.-K.)
| | - Katharina Wohlan
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (H.K.); (K.W.); (Ü.K.); (A.G.); (M.S.)
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stefan Pietzsch
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.P.); (S.E.); (D.H.-K.)
- Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ümran Karsli
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (H.K.); (K.W.); (Ü.K.); (A.G.); (M.S.)
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Sergej Erschow
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.P.); (S.E.); (D.H.-K.)
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Arnold Ganser
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (H.K.); (K.W.); (Ü.K.); (A.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Matthias Eder
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (H.K.); (K.W.); (Ü.K.); (A.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Michaela Scherr
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (H.K.); (K.W.); (Ü.K.); (A.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (S.P.); (S.E.); (D.H.-K.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Complications of Oncologic Therapies, Medical Faculty of the Philipps University Marburg, 35037 Marburg, Germany
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Bahr AC, Luz JPDA, Teixeira RB, Türck P, Zimmer A, Castro ALDE, Reis EED, Visioli F, Belló-Klein A, Araujo ASDAR, Schenkel PC. The brief methylprednisolone administration is crucial to mitigate cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2021; 93:e20210297. [PMID: 34706009 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202120210297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the major causes of heart failure and mortality. Glucocorticoids administration post-infarction has long been proposed, but it has shown conflicting results so far. This controversy may be associated with the glucocorticoid type and the period when it is administered. To elucidate these, the present aims to evaluate if the brief methylprednisolone acetate administration is determinant for heart adaptation after AMI. Male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups: sham-operated (SHAM); infarcted (AMI); infarcted treated with methylprednisolone acetate (AMI+M). Immediately after surgery, the AMI+M group received a single dose of methylprednisolone acetate (40 mg/kg i.m.). After 56 days, the cardiac function was assessed and lungs, liver and heart were collected to determine rates of hypertrophy and congestion. Heart was used for oxidative stress and metalloproteinase activity analyses. Methylprednisolone acetate attenuated matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity, cardiac dilatation, and prevented the onset of pulmonary congestion, as well as avoided cardiac hypertrophy. Our data indicate that administration of methylprednisolone acetate shortly after AMI may be a therapeutic alternative for attenuation of detrimental ventricular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Christhian Bahr
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Paim DA Luz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rayane Brinck Teixeira
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Patrick Türck
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexsandra Zimmer
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Luz DE Castro
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Echer Dos Reis
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Visioli
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Patologia Oral, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriane Belló-Klein
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Sander DA Rosa Araujo
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cavalheiro Schenkel
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, R. Sarmento Leite, 500, 90050-170 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, R. Gomes Carneiro, 1, 96010-610 Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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Tardelli LP, Duchatsch F, Herrera NA, Vicentini CA, Okoshi K, Amaral SL. Differential effects of dexamethasone on arterial stiffness, myocardial remodeling and blood pressure between normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 41:1673-1686. [PMID: 33629383 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dexamethasone (DEX)-induced hypertension is observed in normotensive rats, but little is known about the effects of DEX on spontaneously hypertensive animals (SHR). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of DEX on hemodynamics, cardiac hypertrophy and arterial stiffness in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Wistar rats and SHR were treated with DEX (50 μg/kg s.c., 14 d) or saline. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), echocardiographic parameters, blood pressure (BP), autonomic modulation and histological analyses of heart and thoracic aorta were performed. SHR had higher BP compared with Wistar, associated with autonomic unbalance to the heart. Echocardiographic changes in SHR (vs. Wistar) were suggestive of cardiac remodeling: higher relative wall thickness (RWT, +28%) and left ventricle mass index (LVMI, +26%) and lower left ventricle systolic diameter (LVSD, -19%) and LV diastolic diameter (LVDD, -10%), with slightly systolic dysfunction and preserved diastolic dysfunction. Also, SHR had lower myocardial capillary density and similar collagen deposition area. PWV was higher in SHR due to higher aortic collagen deposition. DEX-treated Wistar rats presented higher BP (~23%) and autonomic unbalance. DEX did not change cardiac structure in Wistar, but PWV (+21%) and aortic collagen deposition area (+21%) were higher compared with control. On the other side, DEX did not change BP or autonomic balance to the heart in SHR, but reduced RWT and LV collagen deposition area (-12% vs. SHRCT ). In conclusion, the results suggest a differential effect of dexamethasone on arterial stiffness, myocardial remodeling and blood pressure between normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidieli P Tardelli
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Francine Duchatsch
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Naiara A Herrera
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Medical Clinic, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Sandra L Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Bauru, Brazil
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Duchatsch F, Tardelli LP, Herrera NA, Ruiz TFR, Vicentini CA, Okoshi K, Santos CF, Amaral SL. Dexamethasone and Training-Induced Cardiac Remodeling Improve Cardiac Function and Arterial Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2020; 26:189-199. [PMID: 32856477 DOI: 10.1177/1074248420953271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dexamethasone (DEX)-induced hypertension and cardiac remodeling are still unclear, especially in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). On the other side, exercise training is a good strategy to control hypertension. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of DEX treatment and physical training on arterial pressure and cardiac remodeling in SHR. MATERIAL AND METHODS SHR underwent treadmill training (5 days/week, 1h/session, at 50-60% of maximal capacity, 0% degree, 75 days) and received low-dose of DEX (50µg/kg, s.c.) during the last 15 days. Sedentary Wistar rats (W) were used as control. Echocardiography and artery catheterization were performed for cardiac remodeling and function, arterial pressure and autonomic nervous system analyses. In addition, left ventricle (LV) capillary density, myocyte diameter and collagen deposition area were analyzed using specific histological staining. RESULTS Low-dose of DEX treatment did not exacerbate arterial pressure of SHR and trained groups had lower values, regardless of DEX. DEX and training decreased relative left ventricle wall thickness (RWT) and determined LV angiogenesis (+19%) and lower collagen deposition area (-22%). In addition, it determined increased left ventricular diastolic diameter. These changes were followed by improvements on systolic and diastolic function, since it was observed increased posterior wall shortening velocity (PWSV) and reduced isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT). CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study is unique to indicate that low-dose of DEX treatment does not exacerbate arterial pressure in SHR and, when associated with training, it improves LV systolic and diastolic function, which may be due to LV angiogenesis and reduction of wall collagen deposition area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Duchatsch
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos/SP, Brazil
| | - Lidieli P Tardelli
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos/SP, Brazil
| | - Naiara A Herrera
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos/SP, Brazil
| | - Thalles F R Ruiz
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences, 28108São Paulo State University (Unesp), Bauru/SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Vicentini
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences, 28108São Paulo State University (Unesp), Bauru/SP, Brazil
| | - Katashi Okoshi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, 28108São Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu/SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos F Santos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, 28133University of São Paulo (Usp), Bauru/SP, Brazil
| | - Sandra L Amaral
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, PIPGCF UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos/SP, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, School of Sciences, 28108São Paulo State University (Unesp), Bauru/SP, Brazil
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Mechanisms linking adipose tissue inflammation to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Clin Sci (Lond) 2020; 133:2329-2344. [PMID: 31777927 DOI: 10.1042/cs20190578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue is classically recognized as the primary site of lipid storage, but in recent years has garnered appreciation for its broad role as an endocrine organ comprising multiple cell types whose collective secretome, termed as adipokines, is highly interdependent on metabolic homeostasis and inflammatory state. Anatomical location (e.g. visceral, subcutaneous, epicardial etc) and cellular composition of adipose tissue (e.g. white, beige, and brown adipocytes, macrophages etc.) also plays a critical role in determining its response to metabolic state, the resulting secretome, and its potential impact on remote tissues. Compared with other tissues, the heart has an extremely high and constant demand for energy generation, of which most is derived from oxidation of fatty acids. Availability of this fatty acid fuel source is dependent on adipose tissue, but evidence is mounting that adipose tissue plays a much broader role in cardiovascular physiology. In this review, we discuss the impact of the brown, subcutaneous, and visceral white, perivascular (PVAT), and epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) secretome on the development and progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with a particular focus on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Yeh YN, Hsin KY, Zimmer A, Lin LY, Hung MS. A structure-function approach identifies L-PGDS as a mediator responsible for glucocorticoid-induced leptin expression in adipocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 166:203-211. [PMID: 31129049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Leptin is an adipokine predominantly secreted by adipocytes and has many physiological roles, including in energy homeostasis. We identified that AM630, a cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) antagonist, down-regulated leptin expression in mature adipocytes differentiated from either stromal vascular fractions isolated from inguinal fat pads of C57BL/6J mice or 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. However, the leptin-suppressive effects of AM630 preserved in CB2-deficient adipocytes indicated the off-target activity of AM630 in leptin expression. Pharmacological and genetic studies, cheminformatics, and docking simulation were applied to identify the potential protein target of AM630 that modulates leptin expression in differentiated primary preadipocytes. Screening of the reported off-targets of AM630 identified a synthetic cannabinoid WIN55212-2 exerting the same function. Target deconvolution and docking simulation suggested that AM630 and WIN55212-2 were both inhibitors of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS). Further studies showed that L-PGDS positively regulates leptin expression. Although glucocorticoid and aldosterone were previously reported to induce expression of both L-PGDS and leptin, our data demonstrated that L-PGDS mediates only glucocorticoid-induced leptin expression in differentiated primary preadipocytes. No effect was observed after aldosterone treatment. This newly discovered glucocorticoid - L-PGDS - leptin pathway may provide insights into current clinical use of glucocorticoid and management of their undesired effects such as obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Nan Yeh
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan; Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Hsin
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa 904-0496, Japan; Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Andreas Zimmer
- Institute for Molecular Psychiatry, University of Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - Lih-Yuan Lin
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Shiu Hung
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli 35053, Taiwan.
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Wilson MH, Imray CH, Hargens AR. The Headache of High Altitude and Microgravity—Similarities with Clinical Syndromes of Cerebral Venous Hypertension. High Alt Med Biol 2011; 12:379-86. [DOI: 10.1089/ham.2011.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mark H. Wilson
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery and University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alan R. Hargens
- University of California San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, California
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Xu M, Ji H, Dai DZ, Tang XY, Dai Y. Protective effect of the endothelin antagonist CPU0213 against isoprenaline-induced heart failure by suppressing abnormal expression of leptin, calcineurin and SERCA2a in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 60:739-45. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.60.6.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) may be produced by sustained β-adrenoceptor stimulation by causing changes in the expression of endothelin-1 (ET-1), the leptin system, calcineurin and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) underlying cardiac dysfunction. The aim of this study was to verify whether isoprenaline (ISO)-induced HF is attributed to changes in the above molecular markers, and whether the dual ET-receptor antagonist CPU0213 could reverse the cardiac dysfunction caused by ISO treatment, focusing on these molecular markers. HF was induced in rats by administration of ISO (2 mgkg−1 s.c.) for 10 days. CPU0213 (30 mgkg−1 s.c.) and propranolol (4 mgkg−1 s.c.) were administered on days 7–10. HF developed after 10 days' ISO administration and was manifest as impaired cardiac performance, increased heart weight index, oxidative stress, elevated serum enzymes, and disordered expression of the endothelin system, leptin system, calcineurin and SERCA2a. All these abnormalities were significantly reversed by CPU0213, and the effectiveness of this ET-receptor antagonist was comparable to that of propranolol. Thus, antagonism of ET receptors by CPU0213 normalizes these changes in molecular markers, alleviating HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Xu
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Ji
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - De-Zai Dai
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Yun Tang
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Dai
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Luo L, Dai DZ, Zheng YF, Dai Y. Hypercholesterolaemia induces early renal lesions characterized by upregulation of MMP-9 and iNOS and ETAR: alleviated by a dual endothelin receptor antagonist CPU0213 and simvastatin. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.06.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
We aimed to investigate hypercholesterolaemia-induced early renal lesions which result in abnormal expression of endothelin A receptor (ETAR), induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9). We hypothesized that this is due to an upregulated endothelin (ET) pathway consequent to hypercholesterolaemia and that CPU0213, a dual ET antagonist, could mitigate these changes.
Methods
Rats were randomly divided into four groups: (1), control; (2), high-fat diet for 60 days (HFD); HFD rats medicated in the last 15 days with either (3) CPU0213 (30 mg/kg daily, s.c.) or (4) simvastatin (4 mg/kg daily, p.o.).
Key findings
Body weight, serum triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol were significantly increased, whereas high-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased in the HFD group, relative to normal. Meanwhile, these changes were associated with upregulation of mRNA and protein of ETAR, iNOS and MMP-9 in the kidney. The lipid-lowering effect of simvastatin was predominant, lessening abnormal expression of these molecules in the kidney dramatically. Interestingly, CPU0213 significantly normalized expression of mRNA and protein of ETAR, iNOS and MMP-9, comparable with simvastatin, leaving no changes in hyperlipidaemia.
Conclusions
CPU0213 relieves renal lesions by blunting hypercholesterolaemia caused by the upregulated ET system, iNOS and MMP-9 in the kidney. This indicates that CPU0213 is promising in treating patients with end stage renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Luo
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - De-Zai Dai
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Fen Zheng
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Dai
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Cheng YS, Dai DZ, Dai Y. Stress-induced cardiac insufficiency relating to abnormal leptin and FKBP12.6 is ameliorated by CPU0213, an endothelin receptor antagonist, which is not affected by the CYP3A suppressing effect of erythromycin. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010. [DOI: 10.1211/jpp.61.05.0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
Cardiac injury induced by isoprenaline produces stress. This stress can be mediated by the activated endothelin and leptin pathway; thus, the endothelin receptor antagonist CPU0213 may reverse these changes. CPU0213 is metabolized mainly by cytochrome P450 (CYP)3A, thus, erythromycin, an inhibitor of CYP3A, could affect its effects by raising its plasma levels.
Methods
Forty rats were divided into five groups. Group 1 rats were normal. Group 2 rats were administered isoprenaline (1 mg/kg, s.c.) for 10 days. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were administered isoprenaline, but group 3 was given erythromycin (100 mg/kg, p.o.) alone on days six to ten, group 4 was given CPU0213 20 mg/kg (s.c.) on days six to ten, whilst group 5 received erythromycin plus CPU0213 on days six to ten. Measurements were conducted to observe changes in the haemodynamics, cardiac weight index, serum lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase levels, and expression of endothelin receptor A (ETa), leptin and its OBRb receptor.
Key findings
In isoprenaline-treated rats, cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction were found. This was associated with upregulated myocardial leptin protein and OBRb receptor mRNA. Immunohistochemical assay of ETa was upregulated, accompanied with downregulation of FKBP12.6 (calstabin 2) in isoprenaline-treated rats. These effects were significantly reversed by CPU0213. HPLC assay presented an increased plasma level of CPU0213 by erythromycin, but no change in its effects.
Conclusions
CPU0213 improved isoprenaline-induced cardiomyopathy by modulating ETa, leptin and FKBP12.6. However, erythromycin increased plasma levels but did not change its effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Si Cheng
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - De-Zai Dai
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Dai
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Isoproterenol disperses distribution of NADPH oxidase, MMP-9, and pPKCepsilon in the heart, which are mitigated by endothelin receptor antagonist CPU0213. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2009; 30:1099-106. [PMID: 19597524 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2009.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM Spatial dispersion of bioactive substances in the myocardium could serve as pathological basis for arrhythmogenesis and cardiac impairment by beta-adrenoceptor stimulation. We hypothesized that dispersed NADPH oxidase, protein kinase Cepsilon (PKCepsilon), early response gene (ERG), and matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9) across the heart by isoproterenol (ISO) medication might be mediated by the endothelin (ET) - ROS pathway. We aimed to verify if ISO induced spatially heterogeneous distribution of pPKCepsilon, NAPDH oxidase, MMP-9 and ERG could be mitigated by either an ET receptor antagonist CPU0213 or iNOS inhibitor aminoguanidine. METHODS Rats were treated with ISO (1 mg/kg sc) for 10 days, and drug interventions (mg/kg) either CPU0213 (30 sc) or aminoguanidine (100 ip) were administered on days 8-10. Expression of NADPH oxidase, MMP-9, ERG, and PKCepsilon in the left and right ventricle (LV, RV) and septum (S) were measured separately. RESULTS Ventricular hypertrophy was found in the LV, S, and RV, in association with dispersed QTc and oxidative stress in ISO-treated rats. mRNA and protein expression of MMP-9, PKCepsilon, NADPH oxidase and ERG in the LV, S, and RV were obviously dispersed, with augmented expression mainly in the LV and S. Dispersed parameters were re-harmonized by either CPU0213, or aminoguanidine. CONCLUSION We found at the first time that ISO-induced dispersed distribution of pPKCepsilon, NADPH oxidase, MMP-9, and ERG in the LV, S, and RV of the heart, which were suppressed by either CPU0213 or aminoguanidine. It indicates that the ET-ROS pathway plays a role in the dispersed distribution of bioactive substances following sustained beta-receptor stimulation.
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BRAHMBHATT T, HARI P, CINQUEGRANI M, KUMAR N, KOMOROWSKI R, MIGRINO RQ. Delayed enhancement on cardiac MRI in a patient with multiple myeloma without amyloidosis. Br J Radiol 2008; 81:e272-5. [DOI: 10.1259/bjr/58586915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Liu HR, Tang XY, Dai DZ, Dai Y. Ethanol extracts of Rehmannia complex (Di Huang) containing no Corni fructus improve early diabetic nephropathy by combining suppression on the ET-ROS axis with modulate hypoglycemic effect in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2008; 118:466-472. [PMID: 18585879 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2007] [Revised: 04/21/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM Liuwei Dihuang (Rehmannia complex, RC) decoction, a classic prescription of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), has been used in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN). Among the 6 crude medicines which contains Corni fructus is recognized as the active fraction for its effectiveness. We aimed to investigate, first, if without Corni fructus a modified RC could be still effective, second, if the ethanol extracts could be better than that of water extract and third, the beneficial effect is mainly stemmed from suppressing the endothelin (ET-1) pathway associated with a moderate hypoglycemic effect. METHODS AND MATERIALS Diabetes for 8 weeks was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg, i.p.) in rats and treated with RC extracts in either 95%, 70% ethanol or water separately during 5-8th week. The efficacy of extracts was compared with aminoguanidine (AMG). RESULTS An increase in albumin and creatinine in 24h urine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was found in STZ rats. Oxidative stress was found in renal cortex in association with upregulated plasma ET-1 and mRNA of ETA, decreased MMP 2,9 (matrix matelloproteinases) and increased hydroxyproline. CONCLUSIONS The RC without Corni fructus was very effective in alleviating DN and ethanol extracts provided greater effects against water extracts. The efficacy in alleviating DN is attributed to normalizing the activated ET system, oxidative stress and MMP 2,9 in combination with a moderate hypoglycemic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ran Liu
- Research Division of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Schram K, Sweeney G. Implications of Myocardial Matrix Remodeling by Adipokines in Obesity-Related Heart Failure. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2008; 18:199-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2008.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2008] [Revised: 10/17/2008] [Accepted: 10/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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