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Tsoi MF, Kline MA, Conkling A, Mani R, Corner SM. Scedosporium apiospermum infection presenting as a mural urinary bladder mass and focal peritonitis in a Border Collie. Med Mycol Case Rep 2021; 33:9-13. [PMID: 34189027 PMCID: PMC8217339 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Scedosporium apiospermum is an opportunistic mold that is an emerging disease in humans and animals. This report describes a case of S. apiospermum infection inciting a mural urinary bladder mass and focal peritonitis in a dog that had a history of multiple traumatic events several years prior. For diagnosis, culture followed by MALDI-ToF, PCR, and sequencing was performed to accurately identify the species. Susceptibility testing was also performed due to the inherent resistance of S. apiospermum to numerous antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra F Tsoi
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Rinosh Mani
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Sarah M Corner
- Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Michigan State University, Lansing, MI, USA
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2
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Elad D. Disseminated canine mold infections. Vet J 2019; 243:82-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2018.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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3
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Kochenburger J, Eriksson C, Greenberg M, Hoyt L. Ultrasonography of a ureteral and bladder fungal granuloma caused by Scedosporium apiospermum in a basset hound. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2017; 60:E6-E9. [PMID: 28609568 DOI: 10.1111/vru.12518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A 5-year-old, spayed female, Basset Hound was referred for evaluation of a urinary bladder mass. Ultrasonographic images revealed a large, inhomogeneous, hypoechoic mass associated with the dorsal wall of the neck of the urinary bladder and left ureter. Partial cystectomy and left ureteral reimplantation were performed. Histopathology showed a severe inflammatory mass lesion forming multiple granulomas. A DNA sequencing test revealed Scedosporium apiospermum as the causative agent. Susceptibility tests on the isolated strain indicated susceptibility to voriconazole. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report describing S. apiospermum as a cause of granulomas involving the canine ureterovesicular junction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Laura Hoyt
- BluePearl Veterinary Partners LLC, New York, NY
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4
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Erles K, Mugford A, Barfield D, Leeb T, Kook PH. Systemic Scedosporium prolificans infection in an 11-month-old Border collie with cobalamin deficiency secondary to selective cobalamin malabsorption (canine Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome). J Small Anim Pract 2017; 59:253-256. [PMID: 28390190 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An 11-month-old Border collie presented collapsed and continued to deteriorate rapidly despite supportive treatment. The dog had a history of failure to thrive and recurring respiratory infection. Laboratory abnormalities included neutrophilic leucocytosis, Heinz body anaemia, hyperammonaemia, hyperbilirubinaemia, proteinuria and hypocobalaminaemia. Post-mortem examination revealed multi-focal necrosis within the heart, kidneys, pancreas, liver, meninges and cerebral cortex. Fungal hyphae in lesions were identified as Scedosporium prolificans following culture. Subsequent genotyping confirmed that the dog carried the CUBN:c.8392delC mutation in a homozygous state, verifying hereditary cobalamin deficiency (a.k.a. Imerslund-Gräsbeck syndrome). Cobalamin deficiency may have been a predisposing factor for the development of systemic fungal infection in this dog.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Erles
- Department of Pathology and Pathogen Biology, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
| | - A Mugford
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
| | - D Barfield
- Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK
| | - T Leeb
- Institute of Genetics, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Berne, 3012 Berne, Switzerland
| | - P H Kook
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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Ferri F, Zini E, Auriemma E, Castagnaro M, Coppola LM, Peano A, Martella V, Decaro N, Kuhnert P, Ferro S. Splenitis in 33 Dogs. Vet Pathol 2016; 54:147-154. [DOI: 10.1177/0300985816653989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Splenitis is uncommonly reported in dogs. Herein, the authors describe its prevalence, clinical findings and outcomes, histologic patterns, and causes. Splenic samples of dogs diagnosed with splenitis between 2005 and 2013 were collected and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Gram, green-Gram, Giemsa, periodic acid–Schiff, and Ziehl-Neelsen. Samples were processed for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect bacteria, fungi, and protozoa ( Leishmania infantum, Hepatozoon canis). Thirty-three of 660 splenic samples (5%) had splenitis. Clinical findings and outcomes were available in 19 dogs (58%); 49% had weakness, 33% had fever, and 84% survived. The most frequent inflammatory patterns included purulent splenitis (27%), pyogranulomatous splenitis (24%), and neutrophilic perisplenitis (15%). One dog had a putative diagnosis of primary splenitis; in 8 dogs, microorganisms were identified histologically or by PCR in the spleen without obvious comorbidities. Twenty-four dogs (73%) had concurrent diseases; a permissive role in the development of splenitis was suspected in 21 of these cases. Histologic examination identified the cause of splenitis in 10 dogs. Bacteria were identified by PCR in 23 cases, but the bacteria were confirmed histologically in only 6 of these. Leishmania was detected with PCR in 6 dogs. Leishmania was identified in 1 dog and H. canis in another histologically, but both were PCR negative. Fungi were identified in 8 spleens by PCR and in 1 by histology. This study suggests that splenitis is uncommon in dogs and is frequently associated with systemic diseases. Prognosis is favorable in most cases. Identification of bacteria, fungi, and protozoa in the spleens of affected dogs with PCR should be interpreted cautiously, because the findings are not confirmed histologically in many cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Ferri
- Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy
| | - E. Zini
- Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
- Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - E. Auriemma
- Istituto Veterinario di Novara, Granozzo con Monticello, Italy
| | - M. Castagnaro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Sciences, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - L. M. Coppola
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
| | - A. Peano
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, Grugliasco, Italy
| | - V. Martella
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | - N. Decaro
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, Valenzano, Italy
| | - P. Kuhnert
- Institute Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - S. Ferro
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Sciences, University of Padua, Legnaro, Italy
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Cook E, Meler E, Garrett K, Long H, Mak K, Stephens C, Thompson A. Disseminated Chrysosporium infection in a German shepherd dog. Med Mycol Case Rep 2016; 10:29-33. [PMID: 26937338 PMCID: PMC4769606 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Disseminated Chrysosporium spp. infection was diagnosed in a German shepherd dog based on a positive fungal culture and cytological findings of intralesional fungi associated with granulomatous splenitis and neutrophilic lymphadenitis. The clinical presentation that could mimic a multicentric lymphoma, including markedly enlarged lymph nodes and a very abnormal splenic appearance on ultrasound makes this case even more atypical. The patient showed rapid clinical improvement on oral posaconazole and remains clinically stable ten months after diagnosis.
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Kawalilak LT, Chen AV, Roberts GR. Imaging characteristics of disseminated Geosmithia argillacea causing severe diskospondylitis and meningoencephalomyelitis in a dog. Clin Case Rep 2015; 3:901-6. [PMID: 26576269 PMCID: PMC4641471 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Revised: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4-year-old male castrated Labrador Retriever presented for severe spinal pain. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging showed evidence of diskospondylitis and meningoencephalomyelitis. Blood culture revealed a Geosmithia argillacea fungal infection after DNA sequencing, initially misdiagnosed as Penicillium species. Geosmithia argillacea should be considered as a differential for disseminated fungal diskospondylitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas T Kawalilak
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University99164-7010, Pullman, Washington
| | - Annie V Chen
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University99164-7010, Pullman, Washington
| | - Greg R Roberts
- Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Washington State University99164-7010, Pullman, Washington
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Taylor A, Talbot J, Bennett P, Martin P, Makara M, Barrs VR. Disseminated Scedosporium prolificans infection in a Labrador retriever with immune mediated haemolytic anaemia. Med Mycol Case Rep 2014; 6:66-9. [PMID: 25473599 PMCID: PMC4246399 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2014.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 09/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Disseminated scedosporiosis is rare in dogs and is usually reported in German Shepherds with suspected heritable immunodeficiency. This is the first report of disseminated scedosporiosis due to Scedosporium prolificans in a Labrador retriever dog that was receiving immunosuppressive drug therapy for treatment of immune-mediated haemolytic anaemia. Despite cessation of immunosuppressive medications and an initial response to aggressive treatment with voriconazole and terbinafine the dog developed progressive disease with neurological signs necessitating euthanasia six months from diagnosis. Disseminated scedosporiosis due to Scedosporium prolificans is described in a dog. Chronic prednisolone and cyclosporine therapy preceded disseminated scedosporiosis. Combination therapy with oral voriconazole and terbinafine was prescribed. Despite an initial response progressive disease occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Vanessa R. Barrs
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +61 2 9351 3437; fax: +61 2 9351 7436.
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Thornton CR, Wills OE. Immunodetection of fungal and oomycete pathogens: established and emerging threats to human health, animal welfare and global food security. Crit Rev Microbiol 2013; 41:27-51. [PMID: 23734714 DOI: 10.3109/1040841x.2013.788995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous fungi (moulds), yeast-like fungi, and oomycetes cause life-threatening infections of humans and animals and are a major constraint to global food security, constituting a significant economic burden to both agriculture and medicine. As well as causing localized or systemic infections, certain species are potent producers of allergens and toxins that exacerbate respiratory diseases or cause cancer and organ damage. We review the pathogenic and toxigenic organisms that are etiologic agents of both animal and plant diseases or that have recently emerged as serious pathogens of immunocompromised individuals. The use of hybridoma and phage display technologies and their success in generating monoclonal antibodies for the detection and control of fungal and oomycete pathogens are explored. Monoclonal antibodies hold enormous potential for the development of rapid and specific tests for the diagnosis of human mycoses, however, unlike plant pathology, their use in medical mycology remains to be fully exploited.
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Jackson AE. In this issue - January/February 2012. Aust Vet J 2012. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2011.00889.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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