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Liang NL, Luo BW, Sun IG, Chu CH, Duangthip D. Clinical Effects of Sugar Substitutes on Cariogenic Bacteria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int Dent J 2024; 74:987-998. [PMID: 38599933 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of sugar substitutes in food products has recently increased. Limited information regarding the role of various sugar substitutes in caries prevention was found. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of sugar substitute consumption on reducing cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque and saliva. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science (inception to July 2023) for prospective controlled trials published in English and investigated the effects of sugar substitute consumption on cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque and saliva. The primary outcome was the changes in cariogenic bacteria. Two independent reviewers screened the papers. Quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tools. RESULTS From 977 studies identified, 32 trials were included. Almost half (14/32, 44%) of the included studies had a high risk of bias. Almost all (31/32, 96.88%) were investigations of xylitol and other sugar alcohols (low-intensity sweeteners), such as sorbitol, erythritol, and maltitol. Only one trial investigated stevia, a high-intensity sweetener, whereas no studies on other high-intensity sweeteners, such as sucralose, saccharin, or aspartame, were found. Almost all studies (30/32, 93.75%) showed the consumption of low-intensity sweeteners led to a significant reduction of different types of cariogenic bacteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that consumption of low-intensity sweeteners led to a significant reduction of cariogenic bacteria in both dental plaque and saliva compared to no treatment. CONCLUSION The consumption of low-intensity sweeteners helps reduce cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque and saliva. There is limited clinical evidence regarding the role of high-intensity sweeteners in reducing cariogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bella Weijia Luo
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ivy Guofang Sun
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Duangporn Duangthip
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
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2
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Pempe C, Schmalz G, Ziebolz D, Roth A. [Arthroplasty and oral health-an overview]. ORTHOPADIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 53:782-788. [PMID: 39138653 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-024-04550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Despite limited evidence for a preoperative dental screening examination and needs-based focal rehabilitation, as well as the need for antibiotic prophylaxis prior to invasive dental procedures, oral health is and remains a relevant topic in arthroplasty. The aspect of oral health should not be neglected in the future in connection with periprosthetic infections and should continue to be the subject of intensive research. The frequency of conspicuous dental findings in middle and old age underlines the importance of this problem. A dental examination prior to arthroplasty implantation can generally contribute to minimizing the risk of arthroplasty infection. It would be desirable for further studies to provide evidence on this topic in order to make recommendations for action. Independently of this, the development of an interdisciplinary guideline (arthroplasty and dentistry) on this topic should be encouraged. This could help to ensure that standardized treatment procedures are integrated into everyday clinical practice across the board.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pempe
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland.
| | - Gerhard Schmalz
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Dirk Ziebolz
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
| | - Andreas Roth
- Universitätsklinikum Leipzig AöR, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Deutschland
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3
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Kocher T, Meisel P, Baumeister S, Holtfreter B. Impact of public health and patient-centered prevention strategies on periodontitis and caries as causes of tooth loss in high-income countries. Periodontol 2000 2024. [PMID: 39323071 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
In high-income countries, the oral health of the population is influenced by public health interventions, widespread use of oral care products, dental practice measures, and the cost of dental treatment. We compiled information on changes of the prevalence of proximal and upstream determinants of periodontitis, caries, and tooth loss over the last three decades to outline their potential effects on changes of oral health during this period. Information was retrieved from repeated cross-sectional studies and from published literature. While both the prevalence of edentulism and the number of missing teeth (from the DMF-T index) decreased, the number of sound teeth as well as the total number of teeth increased. The prevalence of severe periodontitis was unchanged, whereas the prevalence of periodontal health and moderate periodontitis may have increased to a minor extent. Concerning oral health risk factors, the proportion of individuals with tertiary education increased, while smoking prevalence declined. More and more people used oral care products. Whether one reimbursement system worked better than another one in terms of tooth retention could not be elucidated. In tooth retention, population-wide use of fluoridated toothpastes had the greatest impact. To some extent, the higher number of teeth present may be related to the more frequent use of interdental cleaning aids and powered toothbrushes. Since there was no decrease in severe periodontitis in most cohorts, periodontal interventions probably contributed little to improved tooth retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kocher
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Peter Meisel
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sebastian Baumeister
- Institute of Health Services Research in Dentistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Birte Holtfreter
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Endodontology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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4
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Ge WY, Li R, Zhang Y, Liang MY. Analysis of the potential profile and influencing factors for oral frailty in olderly patients with dental implants. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:1079. [PMID: 39272063 PMCID: PMC11394939 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04855-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the current state of oral frailty in oldely patients with require dental implants, analyze influencing factors in the characteristics of oral frailty across different patient categories, and provide a reference for clinical staff to identify high-risk groups and develop proactive management strategies. METHODS Between January 2024 and March 2024, 654 patients with dental implants were selected using convenience sampling from six secondary and tertiary stomatological hospitals in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Data were collected via a general information questionnaire and the Oral Frailty Index-8. The latent profiles of oral frailty were examined, and univariate and Logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the impact of various factors on these profiles. RESULTS In this cross-sectional study, 605 valid questionnaires were returned, yielding an effective rate of 92.58%. The mean oral frailty score was 6.64 ± 1.21, with the sample comprising 223 males and 382 females, averaging 72.54 ± 6.33 years old. Oral frailty was categorized into three latent profiles: high (20.50%), moderate (53.72%), and low (25.78%) frailty groups. Factor analysis indicated that age, gender, education level, family income, number of implants, and dyslipidemia significantly predicted the classification of these profiles (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Oral frailty in oldely patients with dental implants exhibits heterogeneity and is influenced by age, sex, education level, family income, number of implants, and dyslipidemia. Clinical staff should recognize the characteristics of different patient categories and implement proactive measures for those at high risk of oral frailty to enhance their quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yan Ge
- Department of Planting, Affiliated Nantong Stomatological Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Planting, Affiliated Nantong Stomatological Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226000, China
| | - Meng-Yao Liang
- Department of Nursing, The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, Jiangsu, 226001, China.
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5
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Jundaeng J, Chamchong R, Nithikathkul C. Periodontitis diagnosis: A review of current and future trends in artificial intelligence. Technol Health Care 2024:THC241169. [PMID: 39302402 DOI: 10.3233/thc-241169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Artificial intelligence (AI) acts as the state-of-the-art in periodontitis diagnosis in dentistry. Current diagnostic challenges include errors due to a lack of experienced dentists, limited time for radiograph analysis, and mandatory reporting, impacting care quality, cost, and efficiency. OBJECTIVE This review aims to evaluate the current and future trends in AI for diagnosing periodontitis. METHODS A thorough literature review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. We searched databases including PubMed, Scopus, Wiley Online Library, and ScienceDirect for studies published between January 2018 and December 2023. Keywords used in the search included "artificial intelligence," "panoramic radiograph," "periodontitis," "periodontal disease," and "diagnosis." RESULTS The review included 12 studies from an initial 211 records. These studies used advanced models, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), demonstrating accuracy rates for periodontal bone loss detection ranging from 0.76 to 0.98. Methodologies included deep learning hybrid methods, automated identification systems, and machine learning classifiers, enhancing diagnostic precision and efficiency. CONCLUSIONS Integrating AI innovations in periodontitis diagnosis enhances diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, providing a robust alternative to conventional methods. These technologies offer quicker, less labor-intensive, and more precise alternatives to classical approaches. Future research should focus on improving AI model reliability and generalizability to ensure widespread clinical adoption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarupat Jundaeng
- Health Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
- Tropical Health Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
- Dental Department, Fang Hospital, Chiangmai, Thailand
| | - Rapeeporn Chamchong
- Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Informatics, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
| | - Choosak Nithikathkul
- Health Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
- Tropical Health Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, Thailand
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Lommi S, Leinonen J, Pussinen P, Furuholm J, Kolho KL, Viljakainen H. Burden of oral diseases predicts development of excess weight in early adolescence: a 2-year longitudinal study. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:4093-4101. [PMID: 38960905 PMCID: PMC11322208 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05663-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Dental caries, gingivitis, and excess weight are highly prevalent, interconnected chronic conditions. The association of oral health with the development of adiposity among children is sparsely addressed. We examined the association of oral health to the development of excess weight and central obesity in early adolescence during a 2-year follow-up period. This prospective study was conducted with 2702 children aged 9-12 years at baseline from the Finnish Health in Teens study. Their weight development was followed up for 2 years. Body mass index with age- and sex-specific cut-offs and the waist-height ratio indicated weight status and central obesity. Oral health data (caries experience and gingivitis/calculus) were collected from outpatient records of public dental services. Having both caries experience and gingivitis/calculus was considered burden of oral diseases. Of the sample, 74% were caries-free but 70% exhibited gingivitis and/or calculus, and 20% had both caries experience and gingivitis/calculus. During the follow-up period, 5.3% (n = 124) and 4.7% (n = 118) of the children became overweight/obese or centrally obese, respectively. Having both caries experience and gingivitis/calculus associated with the development of excess weight in a fully adjusted model (HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.03-2.97) but not of central obesity. Caries experience or gingivitis/calculus alone did not associate with adiposity development. CONCLUSION Having burden of oral diseases without excess weight at early adolescence could imply future weight gain; thus, normal-weight individuals with both caries experience and gingivitis/calculus could be targeted with preventive measures. Our findings warrant further research to explore whether oral diseases and the development of obesity merely share risk factors or if their relationship is of causal nature. WHAT IS KNOWN • Association of excess weight with caries experience and gingivitis is known to exist both cross-sectionally and longitudinally in children and adolescents. WHAT IS NEW • Burden of oral diseases, that is, having both caries experience and gingivitis/calculus, was associated with becoming overweight or obese 2 years later during early adolescence. • Normal-weight individuals with burden of oral diseases at early adolescence could be targeted with preventive measures against excess weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohvi Lommi
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka Leinonen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pirkko Pussinen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Furuholm
- Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaija-Leena Kolho
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital (HUS), Helsinki, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heli Viljakainen
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
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7
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Li Y, Pan J, Li H, Liu Q, Ma F, Xiao L, Zeng X. Association between LTF/MMP20/CA6/TAS1R2 polymorphisms and susceptibility to dental caries. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:508. [PMID: 39212776 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim was to assess the associations between the LTF, MMP20, CA6, and TAS1R2 polymorphisms and caries in the Zhuang population and explore the underlying mechanism of the impact of lactoferrin on caries susceptibility. METHODS A case-control study of 315 adolescents was conducted in Guangxi, China, from May-November 2022. Data were collected through oral examinations and questionnaires. Buccal mucosa cells and DNA samples were collected using the SNPscan technique. Saliva and supragingival plaque samples were taken from 69 subjects with various LTF rs10865941 genotypes. The relationships among the LTF rs10865941 polymorphism, lactoferrin, Streptococcus mutans, and caries were investigated by using the ELISA and qRT-PCR, along with logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The genotype distribution of the LTF gene were significantly different between the case and control groups (p = 0.018). The case group had lower C allele and greater T allele frequencies than the control group (p = 0.006). The LTF rs10865941 polymorphism was associated with caries in the codominant, dominant, and additive models (p < 0.05). MMP20 rs1784418, CA6 rs2274328, and TAS1R2 rs35874116 were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05). A greater quantity of S. mutans. in the supragingival plaque was found in the case group (p = 0.03). There were significant differences between the two groups in both the codominant model and the dominant model (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The LTF rs10865941 polymorphism may be associated with caries susceptibility in the Zhuang population of China. The LTF rs10865941 T allele may be a potential risk factor for dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaomei Li
- Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Oral Infectious Diseases, Nanning, China
| | - Jinfeng Pan
- Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Oral Infectious Diseases, Nanning, China
| | - Haodong Li
- Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Oral Infectious Diseases, Nanning, China
| | - Qiulin Liu
- Department of Oral Health Policy Research, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Oral Health Policy Research, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Lijuan Xiao
- Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zeng
- Guangxi Medical University College of Stomatology, No.10 Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, China.
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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Decup F, Léger S, Lefèvre S, Doméjean S, Grosgogeat B. Risk factors or indicators for dental caries and tooth wear and their relative importance in adults according to age. J Dent 2024; 147:105092. [PMID: 38821393 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the risk factors for dental caries (DC) and tooth wear (TW) and assess their importance according to age in random French adult patients with >1 partial coronal restoration. METHODS The data stem from a prospective observational multicentre cross-sectional study and were collected through interviews and clinical examinations. The study involved 96 dentists from 76 hospital and private clinics and included 822 patients. The data analysed in three age groups (18-29, 30-59, and ≥ 60). Univariate logistic regressions were performed and predictions of DC or TW described using decision trees. RESULTS The study confirmed the major influences of oral hygiene, acceptable sugary/acidic beverage consumption and regular dental visits in reducing DC and TW. Further, it exposed age-related risk factors for DC such being a "new patient" and having an "excessive sugary/acidic beverage consumption" in the youngest adults, or "irregular dental visits" in middle-aged adults and in the oldest. CONCLUSIONS For appropriate preventive counselling, risk factor assessment should be extensive and age- and dental history-oriented because of unexpected age-related risk factors or risk factor combinations. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE These results are likely to make better-grounded new recommendations given to young adults since their first visits and throughout their dental clinical pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Decup
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Charles Foix, Service de Médecine Bucco-Dentaire, Ivry-Sur-Seine, France; Laboratoire UR 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapie Orofaciales, Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Stéphanie Léger
- Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Laboratoire de Mathématiques Blaise Pascal, UMR6620- CNRS, Aubière, France
| | - Solène Lefèvre
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Charles Foix, Service de Médecine Bucco-Dentaire, Ivry-Sur-Seine, France; Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Sophie Doméjean
- Service d'Odontologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand, France; Centre de Recherche en Odontologie Clinique EA 4847, UFR d'Odontologie, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Brigitte Grosgogeat
- Service d'Odontologie, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Faculté d'Odontologie, Laboratoire des Multimatériaux et Interfaces, UMR CNRS 561, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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9
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Saade Y, Deraz O, Chatzopoulou E, Rangé H, Boutouyrie P, Perier MC, Guibout C, Thomas F, Danchin N, Jouven X, Bouchard P, Empana JP. Recalled body silhouette trajectories over the lifespan and oral conditions in adulthood: A cross-sectional analysis of the Paris Prospective Study 3. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2024; 52:518-526. [PMID: 38273719 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the association between life-course body silhouette changes and oral conditions in adulthood. METHODS At study recruitment (2008-2012), 5430 adults underwent a full-mouth clinical examination and recalled their body silhouettes at ages 8, 15, 25, 35 and 45. Life-course trajectories of body silhouettes were computed using group-based trajectory modelling. Gingival inflammation, dental plaque, masticatory units, numbers of healthy, missing, decayed and filled teeth at study recruitment were clustered. The associations between body silhouette trajectories and clusters of oral conditions were assessed by multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS The final analysis included 4472 participants. Five body silhouette trajectories were established: lean-stable (30.0%), lean-increased (19.3%), moderate stable (18.1%), lean-marked increased (25.8%) and heavy stable (6.7%). Three clusters of oral conditions were identified: optimal oral health and preserved masticatory capacity (70.0%, cluster 1), moderate oral health and moderately impaired masticatory capacity (25.4%, cluster 2) and poor oral health and severely impaired masticatory capacity (4.7%, cluster 3). Participants with a lean-increased trajectory were 58% more likely than those with a lean-stable trajectory to be in cluster 3 (aOR 1.58 [95% CI 1.07; 2.35]) relative to cluster 1, independently of covariates measured at study recruitment and including age, sex, smoking, socioeconomic status, BMI, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cholesterol and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS A life-course lean-increased body silhouette trajectory is associated with higher likelihood of poor oral health and severely impaired masticatory capacity in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yara Saade
- Department of Periodontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Rothschild Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Omar Deraz
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Eirini Chatzopoulou
- Department of Periodontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- UFR Odontologie, URP 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et plateforme imagerie du vivant, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Rangé
- Department of Periodontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- UFR Odontologie, URP 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et plateforme imagerie du vivant, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, University hospital of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, U.F.R. of Odontology, Paris, France
- INSERM, INRAE, University of Rennes 1 NUMECAN Institute (Nutrition Metabolisms and Cancer), Rennes, France
- FHU PaCeMM Paris Center for Microbiome Medicine, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Boutouyrie
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Cécile Perier
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Catherine Guibout
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Nicolas Danchin
- Preventive and Clinical Investigation Center (IPC), Paris, France
| | - Xavier Jouven
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Bouchard
- Department of Periodontology, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- UFR Odontologie, URP 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et plateforme imagerie du vivant, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Empana
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), INSERM U 970, Integrative Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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La Rosa GRM, Di Stefano A, Gangi D, Emma R, Fala V, Amaliya A, Yilmaz HG, Lo Giudice R, Pacino SA, Pedullà E, Górska R, Kowalski J, Polosa R. Dental plaque quantitation by light induced fluorescence technology in exclusive Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) users. J Dent 2024; 147:105223. [PMID: 38987079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In comparison to conventional combustible cigarettes, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) including both e-cigarettes (ECs) and heated tobacco products (HTPs) significantly reduce exposure to toxic chemical emissions. However, their impact on dental plaque remains unclear. This study measures dental plaque in ENDS (ECs and HTPs) users using quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLF) technology, comparing them with current, former, and never smokers. METHODS This cross-sectional study compared dental plaque measurements using QLF technology (Q-ray cam™ Pro) among current smokers (≥10 cigarettes/day), former smokers (quit ≥6 months), never smokers, and exclusive ENDS users (quit ≥6 months). Dental plaque measurements were expressed as ΔR30 (total area of mature dental plaque) and ΔR120 (greater plaque thickness/maturation-calculus). The Simple Oral Hygiene (SOH) score was calculated by the QLF proprietary software. Statistical analyses including ANCOVA was performed by R version (4.2.3) with p < 0.05. RESULTS A total 30 smokers, 24 former smokers, 29 never smokers, and 53 ENDS users were included. Current smokers had significantly higher ΔR30 and ΔR120 values compared to other groups (p < 0.001). ENDS users showed plaque levels similar to never and former smokers (p > 0.05) but significantly lower than current smokers (p < 0.01). Although ENDS users showed a lower SOH score than smokers, this difference was not statistically significant. Daily toothbrushing and mouthwash usage were significant covariates. CONCLUSION ENDS users exhibited reduced accumulation of dental plaque and calculus compared with current smokers. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Exclusive ENDS use could less impact dental plaque accumulation compared to cigarette smoking. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and fully understand ENDS impact on dental plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giusy Rita Maria La Rosa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy; Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Italy.
| | | | | | - Rosalia Emma
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy; Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Italy
| | - Valeriu Fala
- Faladental, Chișinău, Republic of Moldova; "Nicolae Testemiţanu" State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chişinău, Republic of Moldova
| | - Amaliya Amaliya
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Hasan Guney Yilmaz
- Near East University, Faculty of Dentistry. Department of Periodontology. Nicosia, Mersin10, Turkey
| | - Roberto Lo Giudice
- Department of Human Pathology of Adults and Developmental Age, University of Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Antonio Pacino
- Addendo srl, Dental Clinic, Catania, Italy; ECLAT Srl, Spin-off of the University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Eugenio Pedullà
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, Italy; Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Italy
| | - Renata Górska
- Department of Periodontology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Kowalski
- Department of Periodontology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy; Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Italy
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11
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Hung M, Blazejewski A, Lee S, Lu J, Soto A, Schwartz C, Mohajeri A. Nutritional Deficiencies and Associated Oral Health in Adolescents: A Comprehensive Scoping Review. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:869. [PMID: 39062318 PMCID: PMC11275158 DOI: 10.3390/children11070869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The shift to processed foods in American diets has increased vitamin and mineral deficiencies among adolescents, impacting growth and health, often manifesting as oral lesions. This review study aimed to explore the link between nutritional deficiencies and adolescent oral health to improve guidance and prevent long-term issues. METHODS A systematic review of literature from 2013 to 2023 was conducted on adolescents aged 10-19 years, using PRISMA guidelines. Searches in PubMed, Web of Science, Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source-Ebscohost, and Scopus included peer-reviewed articles, excluding reviews and non-empirical studies. Data were screened and extracted with independent reviews for accuracy. RESULTS Malnutrition strongly correlates with poor oral health. Undernourished children have a 60% increase in dental caries, exacerbated by high sugar intake. Early malnutrition delays dental eruption, temporarily protecting against caries, while stunting and infections cause enamel defects. Chronic conditions like cerebral palsy and celiac disease worsen oral health, with risks persisting into adulthood. CONCLUSIONS Nutritional deficiencies and oral health are interconnected, requiring integrated healthcare. Early interventions and holistic strategies can improve outcomes and reduce long-term burdens. Comprehensive health education and routine dental evaluations are essential for prevention and treatment, enhancing health across all demographics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Hung
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Operations, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84109, USA
- The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Amy Blazejewski
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Samantha Lee
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Johanna Lu
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Andres Soto
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Connor Schwartz
- Library, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Amir Mohajeri
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
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12
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Joo K, Kang YW, Moon SY, Baek YH, Son M. Association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease scores and chronic periodontitis: A retrospective cohort study. J Periodontol 2024. [PMID: 38971999 DOI: 10.1002/jper.24-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although several studies have demonstrated a bidirectional relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic periodontitis, few studies have reported that NAFLD causes chronic periodontitis, especially in the Asian population. METHODS This study was conducted on 129,087 individuals, and the NAFLD score was assessed using the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), Hepatic Steatosis Index (HSI), and Framingham Steatosis Index (FSI). The incidence of chronic periodontitis was defined as a diagnostic code with dental procedures. Multi-variable adjusted Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was performed with hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS Nine thousand one hundred and twenty-eight chronic periodontitis cases (7.1%) were identified during a mean 7.4 years follow-up period. Each NAFLD score was related to chronic periodontitis. In the FLI score, HR and 95% CIs for the incidence of chronic periodontitis compared with a low FLI group were as follows: indeterminate FLI: 1.19 (1.12-1.26), high FLI: 1.32 (1.18-1.47). In the HSI and FSI scores, HR and 95% CIs for the incidence of chronic periodontitis were 1.13 (1.05-1.22) and 1.23 (1.05-1.31), respectively. CONCLUSIONS All NAFLD scores were associated with chronic periodontitis in the Korean population. As chronic periodontitis can aggravate the liver status, patients with NAFLD may need regular dental visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwangmin Joo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Wool Kang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yi Moon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Data Sciences Convergence, Dong-A University Interdisciplinary Program, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yang Hyun Baek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkook Son
- Department of Data Sciences Convergence, Dong-A University Interdisciplinary Program, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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13
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Ciardo A, Simon MM, Eberhardt R, Brock JM, Ritz A, Kim TS. Severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with reduced oral health conditions. Oral Dis 2024; 30:3400-3412. [PMID: 37794640 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the association of explicitly severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with oral conditions considering in-depth shared risk factors. METHODS A case-control study was conducted with 104 participants, 52 with severe COPD and 52 matched controls without COPD. Dental and periodontal status were clinically assessed and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) by OHIP-G14-questionnaire. RESULTS Between COPD- and control-group, there were no statistically significant differences regarding age (66.02 ± 7.30), sex (female: 52 [50%]), smoking history (44.69 ± 23.23 pack years) and number of systemic diseases (2.60 ± 1.38). COPD patients demonstrated significantly fewer remaining teeth (12.58 ± 9.67 vs. 18.85 ± 6.24, p < 0.001) besides higher DMFT (decayed, missing and filled teeth) index (21.12 ± 5.83 vs. 19.10 ± 3.91, p = 0.036). They had significantly greater probing pocket depths (PPD: 3.24 mm ± 0.71 mm vs. 2.7 mm ± 0.37 mm, p < 0.001) and bleeding on probing (BOP: 34.52% ± 22.03% vs. 22.85% ± 17.94%, p = 0.003) compared to controls, but showed no significant difference in clinical attachment level or staging of periodontitis. The OHIP-G14 sum score was significantly higher in COPD patients (7.40 ± 7.28 vs. 3.63 ± 4.85, p = 0.002). Common risk factors such as educational status, physical activity, dentist visit frequency, oral hygiene regimens and dietary habits were less favourable in patients with COPD. CONCLUSIONS COPD was significantly associated with higher tooth loss, PPD, BOP and DMFT besides lower OHRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Ciardo
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marlinde M Simon
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ralf Eberhardt
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRCH) of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Asklepios Klinik Barmbek, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Judith Maria Brock
- Department of Pneumology and Critical Care Medicine, Thoraxklinik, Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRCH) of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Ritz
- Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Mathematics, Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany
| | - Ti-Sun Kim
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Clinic for Oral, Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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14
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Beltrán V, Muñoz-Sepúlveda F, Acevedo C, Navarro P, Venegas B, Salgado C, Uribe P, Engelke W. A rural teledentistry care experience: a geriatric approach to assessing oral health status and treatment needs in older adults from a Mapuche community in Chile. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1356622. [PMID: 38903581 PMCID: PMC11188396 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1356622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Limited attention has been given to oral health challenges faced by older Indigenous populations, especially in rural settings, where disparities exist. This study aims to assess oral health in a rural Mapuche community in southern Chile, utilizing geriatric technology support, and exploring the connection between geriatric health and oral well-being to fill a gap in this context. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 76 independent older adults from a rural Mapuche community who required dental care. Assessments were in a remote care setting gathering extensive data including comprehensive geriatric assessments, medical and dental conditions using a geriatric teledentistry platform (TEGO®). Statistical analysis involved descriptive analysis, logistic regression, and both multiple correspondence analysis and k-means cluster analysis. Results The sample comprised individuals with limited formal education and a high degree of vulnerability. Geriatric assessments unveiled cognitive deterioration, frailty, depression risk, and multimorbidity. A distribution of the DMFT index, number of remaining teeth, number of occluding pairs, number of teeth with restorative needs and other relevant clinical findings was conducted based on sociodemographic, and medical-geriatric-dental characteristics, and additionally, a Multinomial Logistic Regression Analysis of Dentition Variables in Relation to Geriatric Assessments was performed. The dental burden was substantial, with an average DMFT index of 25.96 (SD 4.38), high prevalence of non-functional dentition (89.3%), periodontal disease (83%), xerostomia (63.2%) and oral mucosal lesions (31.5%). Age, lower education, depression, daily medication number and sugary consumption frequency were associated with a decreased average number of teeth (p < 0.05). Multiple correspondence analysis and k-means cluster analysis identified 4 clusters, with the edentulous and functional dentition groups being the most distinct. Conclusion This study uncovers a substantial dental burden and intricate medical-geriatric conditions interlinked among Indigenous older adults in a rural Chilean Mapuche community. The implementation of a geriatric technological ecosystem in the community enabled the resolution of less complex oral health issues and facilitated remote consultations with specialists, reducing the necessity for travel to health centers. This underscores the need for innovative dental public health initiatives to address health disparities and improve the overall well-being of older Indigenous adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Beltrán
- Clinical Investigation and Dental Innovation Center (CIDIC), Dental School and Center for Translational Medicine (CEMT-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging (CIES), Santiago, Chile
| | - Fernanda Muñoz-Sepúlveda
- Clinical Investigation and Dental Innovation Center (CIDIC), Dental School and Center for Translational Medicine (CEMT-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Interuniversity Center for Healthy Aging (CIES), Santiago, Chile
- Program of Master in Dental Science, Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Claudia Acevedo
- Clinical Investigation and Dental Innovation Center (CIDIC), Dental School and Center for Translational Medicine (CEMT-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Pablo Navarro
- Research Center for Dental Sciences (CICO), Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - Bernardo Venegas
- Stomatology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Pablo Uribe
- Dental School, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Wilfried Engelke
- Faculty of Medicine, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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15
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Bulut SO, Noyun D, Dirikan İpci S, Cakar G. Serum vitamin D, hemoglobin A1c and vitamin B12 levels in patients with gingivitis and periodontitis stages. Biomark Med 2024; 18:449-457. [PMID: 39007836 DOI: 10.1080/17520363.2024.2342236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To compare the serum vitamin D, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and vitamin B12 levels in patients with gingivitis and four different periodontitis stages diagnosed according to the 2017 Periodontal Disease Classification. Materials & methods: A total of 606 patients were included in the study who were diagnosed with gingivitis and stage I-IV periodontitis. Patients were divided into groups based on disease stage, and the HbA1c, vitamin D and B12 levels of the patients were compared and analyzed. Result: The highest HbA1c level and the lowest vitamin D level were seen in stage III-IV periodontitis. The highest vitamin D and B12 levels were seen in the gingivitis group. Conclusion: Serum HbA1c, vitamin D and B12 levels might vary depending on the presence or severity of periodontitis.Clinical Trial Registration: NCT05745779 (This study was registered and approved by www.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Selcen Ozcan Bulut
- Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology Department, Niğde, TR-51200, Turkey
| | - Deniz Noyun
- Dentplus Dental Clinic, Bursa, TR-16140, Turkey
| | - Sebnem Dirikan İpci
- Altınbaş University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul, TR-34147, Turkey
| | - Gokser Cakar
- Altınbaş University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Istanbul, TR-34147, Turkey
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16
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Wang Y, Yue H, Jiang Y, Huang Q, Shen J, Hailili G, Sun Z, Zhou X, Pu Y, Song H, Yuan C, Zheng Y. Oral Microbiota Linking Associations of Dietary Factors with Recurrent Oral Ulcer. Nutrients 2024; 16:1519. [PMID: 38794756 PMCID: PMC11124033 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Recurrent oral ulcer (ROU) is a prevalent and painful oral disorder with implications beyond physical symptoms, impacting quality of life and necessitating comprehensive management. Understanding the interplays between dietary factors, oral microbiota, and ROU is crucial for developing targeted interventions to improve oral and systemic health. Dietary behaviors and plant-based diet indices including the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI) were measured based on a validated food frequency questionnaire. Saliva microbial features were profiled using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. In this cross-sectional study of 579 community-based participants (aged 22-74 years, 66.5% females), 337 participants had ROU. Participants in the highest tertile of hPDI exhibited a 43% lower prevalence of ROU (odds ratio [OR] = 0.57, 95%CI: 0.34-0.94), compared to the lowest tertile, independent of demographics, lifestyle, and major chronic diseases. Participants with ROU tended to have lower oral bacterial richness (Observed ASVs, p < 0.05) and distinct bacterial structure compared to those without ROU (PERMANOVA, p = 0.02). The relative abundances of 16 bacterial genera were associated with ROU (p-FDR < 0.20). Of these, Olsenella, TM7x, and unclassified Muribaculaceae were identified as potential mediators in the association between hPDI and ROU (all p-mediations < 0.05). This study provides evidence of the intricate interplays among dietary factors, oral microbiota, and ROU, offering insights that may inform preventive and therapeutic strategies targeting diets and oral microbiomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yetong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Haiyan Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yuzhou Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qiumin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jie Shen
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gulisiya Hailili
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhonghan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Yanni Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Huiling Song
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Changzheng Yuan
- School of Public Health, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences and Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 1609 Xietu Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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17
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Marshall TA, Touger-Decker R. Oral health and multimorbidity: is diet the chicken or the egg? Proc Nutr Soc 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38742385 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665124004683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Oral health is a critical component of overall health and well-being, not just the absence of disease. The objective of this review paper is to describe relationships among diet, nutrition and oral and systemic diseases that contribute to multimorbidity. Diet- and nutrient-related risk factors for oral diseases include high intakes of free sugars, low intakes of fruits and vegetables and nutrient-poor diets which are similar to diet- and nutrient-related risk factors for systemic diseases. Oral diseases are chronic diseases. Once the disease process is initiated, it persists throughout the lifespan. Pain and tissue loss from oral disease leads to oral dysfunction which contributes to impaired biting, chewing, oral motility and swallowing. Oral dysfunction makes it difficult to eat nutrient-dense whole grains, fruits and vegetables associated with a healthy diet. Early childhood caries (ECC) associated with frequent intake of free sugars is one of the first manifestations of oral disease. The presence of ECC is our 'canary in the coal mine' for diet-related chronic diseases. The dietary sugars causing ECC are not complementary to an Eatwell Guide compliant diet, but rather consistent with a diet high in energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods - typically ultra-processed in nature. This diet generally deteriorates throughout childhood, adolescence and adulthood increasing the risk of diet-related chronic diseases. Recognition of ECC is an opportunity to intervene and disrupt the pathway to multimorbidities. Disruption of this pathway will reduce the risk of multimorbidities and enable individuals to fully engage in society throughout the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa A Marshall
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Riva Touger-Decker
- School of Health Professions & Division of Nutrition, Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Rutgers, The State University, Newark, NJ, USA
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18
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Malin AJ, Wang Z, Khan D, McKune SL. The Potential Systemic Role of Diet in Dental Caries Development and Arrest: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:1463. [PMID: 38794700 PMCID: PMC11124059 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Current conceptualizations of dental caries etiology center primarily on the local role of sugar, starch, or other fermentable carbohydrates on tooth enamel demineralization-a well-established and empirically supported mechanism. However, in addition to this mechanism, studies dating back to the early 1900s point to an important systemic role of diet and nutrition, particularly from pasture-raised animal-source foods (ASF), in dental caries etiology and arrest. Findings from animal and human studies suggest that adherence to a diet high in calcium, phosphorus, fat-soluble vitamins A and D, and antioxidant vitamin C, as well as low in phytates, may contribute to arrest and reversal of dental caries, particularly among children. Furthermore, findings from observational and experimental studies of humans across the life-course suggest that fat-soluble vitamins A, D, and K2 may interact to protect against dental caries progression, even within a diet that regularly contains sugar. While these historic studies have not been revisited in decades, we emphasize the need for them to be reinvestigated and contextualized in the 21st century. Specifically, methodologically rigorous studies are needed to reinvestigate whether historical knowledge of systemic impacts of nutrition on dental health can help to inform current conceptualizations of dental caries etiology, prevention, and arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley J. Malin
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (Z.W.); (D.K.); (S.L.M.)
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Zhilin Wang
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (Z.W.); (D.K.); (S.L.M.)
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Durdana Khan
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (Z.W.); (D.K.); (S.L.M.)
- College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Sarah L. McKune
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (Z.W.); (D.K.); (S.L.M.)
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19
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Fries N, Haworth S, Shaffer J, Esberg A, Divaris K, Marazita M, Johansson I. A Polygenic Score Predicts Caries Experience in Elderly Swedish Adults. J Dent Res 2024; 103:502-508. [PMID: 38584306 PMCID: PMC11047011 DOI: 10.1177/00220345241232330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Caries is a partially heritable disease, raising the possibility that a polygenic score (PS, a summary of an individual's genetic propensity for disease) might be a useful tool for risk assessment. To date, PS for some diseases have shown clinical utility, although no PS for caries has been evaluated. The objective of the study was to test whether a PS for caries is associated with disease experience or increment in a cohort of Swedish adults. A genome-wide PS for caries was trained using the results of a published genome-wide association meta-analysis and constructed in an independent cohort of 15,460 Swedish adults. Electronic dental records from the Swedish Quality Registry for Caries and Periodontitis (SKaPa) were used to compute the decayed, missing, and filled tooth surfaces (DMFS) index and the number of remaining teeth. The performance of the PS was evaluated by testing the association between the PS and DMFS at a single dental examination, as well as between the PS and the rate of change in DMFS. Participants in the highest and lowest deciles of PS had a mean DMFS of 63.5 and 46.3, respectively. A regression analysis confirmed this association where a 1 standard deviation increase in PS was associated with approximately 4-unit higher DMFS (P < 2 × 10-16). Participants with the highest decile of PS also had greater change in DMFS during follow-up. Results were robust to sensitivity analysis, which adjusted for age, age squared, sex, and the first 20 genetic principal components. Mediation analysis suggested that tooth loss was a strong mediating factor in the association between PS and DMFS but also supported a direct genetic effect on caries. In this cohort, there are clinically meaningful differences in DMFS between participants with high and low PS for caries. The results highlight the potential role of genomic data in improving caries risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - K. Divaris
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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20
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Costa SA, Nascimento GG, Leite FRM, Ribeiro CCC, de Fatima Carvalho Souza S. Intake and serum levels of micronutrients and chronic oral diseases burden. Oral Dis 2024; 30:2685-2694. [PMID: 37288704 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate pathways from micronutrient intake and serum levels to Chronic Oral Diseases Burden. METHODS We analyzed cross-sectional data from NHANES III (n = 7936) and NHANES 2011-2014 (n = 4929). The exposure was the intake and serum levels of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus. Considering the high correlation of those micronutrients in the diet, they were analyzed as a latent variable dubbed Micronutrient intake. The outcome was the Chronic Oral Diseases Burden, a latent variable formed by probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, furcation involvement, caries, and missing teeth. Pathways triggered by gender, age, socioeconomic status, obesity, smoking, and alcohol were also estimated using structural equation modeling. RESULTS In both NHANES cycles, micronutrient intake (p-value < 0.05) and vitamin D serum (p-value < 0.05) were associated with a lower Chronic Oral Diseases Burden. Micronutrient intake reduced the Chronic Oral Diseases Burden via vitamin D serum (p-value < 0.05). Obesity increased the Chronic Oral Diseases Burden by reducing vitamin D serum (p-value < 0.05). CONCLUSION Higher micronutrient intake and higher vitamin D serum levels seem to reduce Chronic Oral Diseases Burden. Healthy diet policies may jointly tackle caries, periodontitis, obesity, and other non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustavo G Nascimento
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
- Oral Health ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Fábio R M Leite
- National Dental Research Institute Singapore, National Dental Centre Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
- Oral Health ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Cecilia Claudia Costa Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
- Department of Public Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Brazil
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Arruda CV, Guilardi IJ, Pavan LMC, Greggianin BF. Oral health-related quality of life and periodontal status according to smoking status. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:368-375. [PMID: 37602563 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies evaluating smoking and periodontal status show controversial results regarding the impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQol). The aim was to evaluate the association between OHRQol and periodontal status in patients according to their smoking habit. METHODS Cross-sectional study with a total of 100 patients (31.44 ± 8.50 years, 55% females) answered the short version of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and underwent a periodontal examination. Associations between periodontal status and total mean OHIP-14 scores related with smoking habit were analysed with Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS Mean percentage of sites with Bleeding on Probing (BOP), Clinical Attachment Loss (CAL) and Number of Teeth were significantly different between current smokers (n = 53) and never (n = 40) or former smokers (n = 7; p < 0.05). There was no significant difference for Periodontal Probing Depth (PPD) in relation to smoking status. A total mean OHIP-14 score of 13.07 was observed for the entire sample. The corresponding total mean OHIP-14 scores, for current smokers, never smokers and former smokers, were 15, 10 and 13 (p = 0.280), respectively. The domains social disability and handicap of the OHIP-14 were worse in current smokers (p = 0.028 and p = 0.026, respectively). CONCLUSION Current smoking was associated with a negative influence on OHRQoL in the domain of social disability and handicap. In addition, smokers have worse periodontal status, related to less BOP, greater CAL and fewer teeth than never and former smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Vieira Arruda
- Department of Dentistry, University Center of the Federal District, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Isa Juliane Guilardi
- Department of Dentistry, University Center of the Federal District, Brasilia, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Frizon Greggianin
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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22
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Kalf-Scholte SM, van Zoonen R, Sijperda-Abdul D, Algra H, Valkenburg C. Factors influencing the oral health behaviour of Dutch adolescents with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities living in residential care: A qualitative study. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13220. [PMID: 38491919 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Toothbrushing, limiting intake frequency, and scheduled visits to an oral healthcare professional (OHP) are key for good oral health. We aimed to explore factors influencing these oral health behaviours in Dutch adolescents with mild to borderline intellectual disabilities (MBID) in residential care. METHOD Using a qualitative, descriptive approach, we conducted focus groups and interviews with 12 adolescents, 9 counsellors, and 6 OHPs. Thematic analysis mapped factors influencing adolescents' knowledge, attitude, planning, and execution of oral health behaviours to oral care stakeholders. RESULTS Of nine identified influencing factors, three were pivotal: Structure (influencing toothbrushing and intake frequency), Anxiety (impeding dental visits), and Support (provided by counsellors). CONCLUSIONS Counsellors should provide structured daily guidance on oral hygiene and diet for adolescents with MBID, while respecting the adolescents' autonomy. As intermediaries between adolescents and OHPs, counsellors are key in reducing dental anxiety. Counsellors need clear oral health policies within care facilities to address competing priorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja M Kalf-Scholte
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Henk Algra
- Stichting Bijzondere Tandheelkunde, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cees Valkenburg
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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23
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Abodi M, Mazzocchi A, Risé P, Marangoni F, Agostoni C, Milani GP. Salivary fatty acids in humans: a comprehensive literature review. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 0:cclm-2024-0177. [PMID: 38634552 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2024-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Fatty acids (FAs) exert diverse biological functions in humans, influencing physiological responses and, ultimately, health and disease risk. The analysis of FAs in human samples has significant implications and attracts interest in diagnostics and research. The standard method for assessing FA profiles involves the collection of blood samples, which can be inconvenient, invasive, and potentially painful, particularly for young individuals outside hospital settings. Saliva emerged as a promising alternative for evaluating FA profiles in both clinical and research settings. However, to the best of our knowledge, an updated synthesis of the related evidence is unavailable. This comprehensive review aims to summarize data on FA analysis and highlight the potential of the use of salivary FAs as a biomarker in health and disease. Over the past decade, there has been a growing interest in studying salivary FAs in chronic diseases, and more recently, researchers have explored the prognostic value of FAs in acute conditions to check the availability of a non-invasive sampling methodology. A deeper understanding of salivary FAs could have relevant implications both for healthy individuals and patients, particularly in elucidating the correlation between the dietary lipidic content and salivary FA level, Finally, it is crucial to address the standardization of the methods as the sampling, processing, and analysis of saliva are heterogeneous among studies, and limited correlation between blood FAs and salivary FAs is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Abodi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, 9304 University of Milan , Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mazzocchi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, 9304 University of Milan , Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Risé
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 9304 University of Milan , Milan, Italy
| | | | - Carlo Agostoni
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, 9304 University of Milan , Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Gregorio Paolo Milani
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, 9304 University of Milan , Milan, Italy
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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Radu CM, Radu CC, Arbănaşi EM, Hogea T, Murvai VR, Chiș IA, Zaha DC. Exploring the Efficacy of Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Periodontitis: A Literature Review. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:468. [PMID: 38672739 PMCID: PMC11050937 DOI: 10.3390/life14040468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis, a prevalent oral condition, is facing difficulties in therapeutic approaches, sometimes leading to failure. This literature review was conducted to investigate the diversity of other therapeutic approaches and their potential contributions to the successful management of the disease. This research scrutinized the alterations in microbial diversity and imbalances in crucial microbial species, which contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Within the limitations of this study, we highlight the importance of understanding the treatment plan's role in periodontitis disease, opening the way for further research and innovative treatment plans to mitigate the impact of periodontitis on oral health. This will aid both healthcare professionals and patients in preventing and effectively treating periodontitis, ultimately improving oral health outcomes and overall systemic health and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Casandra-Maria Radu
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
| | - Carmen Corina Radu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, 540141 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Emil-Marian Arbănaşi
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
- Clinic of Vascular Surgery, Mureș County Emergency Hospital, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania
- Department of Vascular Surgery, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Timur Hogea
- Department of Forensic Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Targu Mures, 38 Gheorghe Marinescu Street, 540139 Targu Mures, Romania
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, 540141 Targu Mures, Romania
- Doctoral School of Medicine and Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania
| | - Viorela Romina Murvai
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq, 410028 Oradea, Romania
| | - Ioana-Andreea Chiș
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Carmen Zaha
- Doctoral School of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 1 University Street, 410087 Oradea, Romania
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1 December Sq, 410028 Oradea, Romania
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Gao Y, Huang D, Liu Y, Qiu Y, Lu S. Diet-derived circulating antioxidants, periodontitis and dental caries: A Mendelian randomization study. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38566359 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Given the potential association between oxidative stress, periodontitis and dental caries, whether dietary supplementation with antioxidants is beneficial for periodontitis and dental caries has been widely reported, but remains controversial. This study aims to clarify these relationships through two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS Circulating antioxidants (copper, selenium, zinc, ascorbate, β-carotene, lycopene, retinol and vitamin E) were derived from absolute circulating antioxidants and circulating antioxidant metabolites. Summary data of periodontitis and dental caries were obtained from two separate databases, respectively. We performed inverse-variance weighted (IVW) analysis separately in different databases, followed by meta-analysis. The robustness of results was examined by sensitivity analyses, including three complementary MR methods, heterogeneity and pleiotropy tests, and PhenoScanner query. RESULTS IVW analysis showed that elevated levels of absolute circulating retinol reduced the risk of periodontitis (GLIDE: OR = 0.41, 95% CI = 0.18-0.95, p = .038, power = 100%; FinnGen: OR = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.04-0.54, p = .004, power = 100%). The pooled OR for periodontitis risk per unit increase of retinol is 0.30 (95% CI = 0.15-0.61, p = .001, I2 = 40.3%, power = 100%). No significant associations were noted for genetically predicted circulating antioxidants and dental caries risk. The sensitivity analyses yielded similar estimates. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that a negative causality between circulating retinol and periodontitis risk, and null linkage between circulating antioxidants and dental caries risk, suggesting potential strategies for the prevention and control of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Donghai Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanzheng Qiu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shanhong Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Otolaryngology Major Disease Research Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Pharyngolaryngeal Diseases and Voice Disorders in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China
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26
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Ellefsen BS, Larsen KR, Reibel J, Kragelund C. Danish post-marketing pharmacosurveillance of spontaneous Oral Adverse Drug Reactions 2009-2019. Oral Dis 2024; 30:1573-1582. [PMID: 36895115 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
Post-marketing pharmacosurveillance is important to reduce harm to patients from marketed drugs. Oral adverse drug reactions (OADRs) are seldom reported and only few OADRs are listed scarcely in summary of product characteristics (SmPC) of drugs. OBJECTIVE Structured search for OADRs in the Danish Medicines Agencies database from January 2009 to July 2019. RESULTS Forty-eight percent of OADRs were categorized as "serious" where oro-facial swelling was reported 1041 times, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) 607 times and para- or hypoaesthesia 329 times. Four-hundred-eighty OADRs in 343 cases were related to biologic or biosimilar drugs where 73% affected the jawbone as MRONJ. Physician reported 44%, dentists 19% and citizens 10% of OADRs. CONCLUSIONS Health care professionals had a sporadic reporting pattern that seemed to be influenced by the debate in the community and in professional circles but also by the information in the SmPC of the drugs. The results indicate some reporting stimulation of OADRs in relation to Gardasil 4, Septanest, Eltroxin and MRONJ. Eventually the knowledge of OADRs increases but there is a risk of skewed information if reporting is not systematic, reliable and consistent. All healthcare professionals must be educated in spotting and reporting all suspected adverse drug reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birita Sofia Ellefsen
- Section of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristine Røn Larsen
- Section of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Reibel
- Section of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Camilla Kragelund
- Section of Oral Pathology and Medicine, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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27
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Tan L, He Y, Wang T, Gao X, Fan W, Fan B. A Mendelian randomization study between chronic periodontitis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. J Periodontal Res 2024; 59:346-354. [PMID: 38102730 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Observational studies have suggested a potential association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic periodontitis (CP). However, these studies are prone to confounding factors. The aim of this study was to assess the causal relationship between NAFLD and CP using a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis method. METHODS Datasets of CP and NAFLD were retrieved from the European database, and instrumental variables (IVs) related to exposure were selected for the MR analysis. Sensitivity tests, including heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy tests, were conducted to ensure the consistency of the selected IVs, following which the analysis results were visualized. RESULTS Genetic variants associated with CP and NAFLD were identified as IVs, and the MR assessment was performed using the summary data (CP: 3046 cases and 195 395 controls; NAFLD: 894 cases and 217 898 controls). CP increased the risk of NAFLD (inverse variance weighted [IVW], b = 0.132 > 0, p = .006 < .05), whereas the reverse was not observed (IVW, b = -0.024 < 0, p = .081 > .05). The sensitivity analysis indicated no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy. CONCLUSION The MR analysis suggested that CP could increase the risk of NAFLD among European populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunbo He
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyi Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianhua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Augimeri G, Caparello G, Caputo I, Reda R, Testarelli L, Bonofiglio D. Mediterranean diet: a potential player in the link between oral microbiome and oral diseases. J Oral Microbiol 2024; 16:2329474. [PMID: 38510981 PMCID: PMC10953787 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2329474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The oral microbiome is a complex and dynamic assemblage of microorganisms that colonize different sites of the oral cavity maintaining both oral and systemic health. Therefore, when its composition is altered, oral diseases occur. Among oral inflammatory pathologies, periodontal diseases affect the tissues surrounding the teeth, representing the main cause of tooth loss and one of the most important threats to the oral health. Lifestyle and eating habits influence the composition of the human oral microbiota and the development and progression of oral diseases. In this context, the Mediterranean Diet (MD) model, comprising both healthy dietary choices and lifestyle, is linked to the prevention of several metabolic and chronic-degenerative pathological processes, including oral diseases. Indeed, the MD is a plant-based diet, enriched of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant nutrients, which may induce beneficial effects against dental caries and periodontal diseases. Aim This review summarizes the role of the oral microbiome in the development of the oral diseases and the potential of MD in modulating the oral microbiome leading to implications for oral health. Conclusions The data collected highlight the need to promote the MD pattern along with the correct hygiene habits to prevent the development of oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Augimeri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Giovanna Caparello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Ippolito Caputo
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Reda
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Testarelli
- Department of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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Hu S, Li X. An analysis of influencing factors of oral frailty in the elderly in the community. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:260. [PMID: 38383363 PMCID: PMC10882750 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03946-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the current situation of oral frailty (OF) in the elderly in the community in China and analyse its influencing factors. METHODS Using convenience sampling, 380 elderly people from three communities in our city were selected as participants in the study. The Oral Frailty Index-8, the Frailty Scale, the Oral Health Assessment Tool, the Mini-nutritional Assessment Scale and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index were used to investigate and analyse OF influencing factors. RESULTS In this study, the 380 elderly participants were categorized into three groups: frailty, pre-frailty, and non-physical frailty, based on their responses to the questionnaires.The influencing factor analysis showed that age, gender, education level, frailty score, frailty stage, number of dentures, dry mouth, subjective chewing difficulty, oral health score and sleep quality were the influencing factors of OF in the elderly in the community (R2 = 0.712, F = 434.73, P < 0.05). The evaluation of the prediction results showed that the frailty score (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.751, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.683-0.862), subjective chewing difficulty (AUC: 0.765, 95% CI: 0.655-0.831) and sleep quality (AUC: 0.736, 95% CI: 0.652-0.781) had a higher predictive value for OF. CONCLUSION The main OF influencing factors in the elderly in the community are age, gender, education level, physical frailty (PF) score, PF stage, number of dentures, dry mouth, subjective chewing difficulties, oral health score and sleep quality. Nursing staff should pay attention to the OF of the elderly in the community and take targeted intervention measures in time to reduce and control OF occurrence and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Hu
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Xia Li
- General Practice Ward/International Medical Center Ward, General Practice Medical Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, China.
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30
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Chen S, Liu Q, Yu X, Zeng X. Common risk factors for dental caries and impaired glucose regulation in Guangxi, China. Int J Dent Hyg 2024; 22:219-228. [PMID: 37691409 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of caries and impaired glucose regulation (IGR) and try to investigate their common risk factors among adult residents in Guangxi province. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 2993 adults from five different areas of Guangxi province. The sociodemographic data, history of personal habits such as diet and physical activities, physical measurements, oral examination results and biochemical laboratory test data were collected to establish a database and prepare a sound research model. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyse the risk factors for dental caries and IGR. RESULTS The prevalence rate for caries was 85.9%, and the mean DMFT score was 7.35. In multiple logistic regression, after adjustment, education level, occupation, daily consumption of vegetables, weekly consumption of carbonated beverages and weekly exercise were associated with caries (odds ratio [OR]: 2.10, OR: 1.80, OR: 1.40, OR: 2.45, OR: 2.38). The prevalence of IGR was 33.5%, and after adjustment, results showed that occupation, body mass index, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein-C levels and low-density lipoprotein-C levels were significantly associated with IGR (OR: 0.80, OR: 1.70, OR: 1.56, OR: 1.88, OR: 1.60, OR: 1.43, OR: 1.48). The strength of association between caries/IGR and risk factors was a weak association or moderate association. CONCLUSIONS We have not found common risk factors between dental caries and IGR. Therefore, further studies are needed to explore these common risk factors to prevent caries and IGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyong Chen
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral Health Policy Research, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Qiulin Liu
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral Health Policy Research, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xueting Yu
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral Health Policy Research, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zeng
- Department of Dental Public Health, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Department of Oral Health Policy Research, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation and Reconstruction, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Oral Infectious Diseases, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Romandini P, Marruganti C, Romandini WG, Sanz M, Grandini S, Romandini M. Are periodontitis and dental caries associated? A systematic review with meta-analyses. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:145-157. [PMID: 38084804 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
AIM The epidemiological relationship between periodontitis and caries remains controversial, and evidence synthesis is currently lacking. Therefore, this systematic review was designed to answer the following PECO question: 'In human adults (P), do subjects suffering from periodontitis (E) have higher presence/number of untreated carious lesions and caries experience (O) than subjects not suffering from periodontitis (C)?'. MATERIALS AND METHODS Observational studies that met specific inclusion criteria established to answer to the PECO question were included. Two review authors independently searched for eligible studies, screened the titles and abstracts, carried out the full text analysis, extracted the data and performed the risk of bias assessment. In case of disagreement, a third review author took the final decision during ad hoc consensus meetings. Data synthesis was carried out through random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS A total of 18 studies on 21 cohorts, involving 135,018 participants, were included. Meta-analyses showed a significant association between periodontitis and the presence of at least one tooth with either untreated carious lesions (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.32-2.01; p <.00; I2 = 83.0%) or caries experience (decayed and filled teeth ≥ 1) (OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01-1.59; p = .038; I2 = 90.0%). Moreover, subjects with periodontitis exhibited a higher number of surfaces (difference in means [MD] = 0.86; 95% CI: 0.46-1.27; p <.001; I2 = 0.0%) and teeth (MD = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.28-0.42; p <.001; I2 = 69.6%) with untreated carious lesions, as well as a higher number of teeth with caries experience (standardized difference in means [SMD] = 1.46; 95% CI: 0.15-2.78; p = .029; I2 = 98.9%) compared with those without periodontitis. Sensitivity analyses focusing on severe periodontitis as exposure mostly showed consistent results. Estimates for caries experience were only slightly attenuated in adjusted models compared with crude models. Subgroup analyses by caries location also indicated that periodontitis was associated only with root caries, while it was not with caries affecting the anatomical crown. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis was found to be associated with the presence and number of treated/untreated root carious lesions. Therefore, caries-specific preventive measures (e.g., fluorides) should be considered for individuals with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Romandini
- Unit of Periodontology, Endodontology and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Crystal Marruganti
- Unit of Periodontology, Endodontology and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Simone Grandini
- Unit of Periodontology, Endodontology and Restorative Dentistry, Department of Medical Biotechnologies, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Mario Romandini
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Stangvaltaite-Mouhat L, Skudutyte-Rysstad R, Ko H, Stankeviciene I, Aleksejuniene J, Puriene A. Co-occurrence of dental caries and periodontitis: multilevel modelling approach. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:149. [PMID: 38297235 PMCID: PMC10832139 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03918-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies reported varyingly positive, negative, or no relationships between caries and periodontitis. Therefore, the aim was to assess the potential co-occurrence of caries experience and periodontal inflammation on the same teeth. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from the Lithuanian National Oral Health Survey. The study included a stratified random sample of 1405 individuals aged 34-78, recruited from 5 Lithuanian cities and 10 peri-urban/rural areas (response rate 52%). Information about sociodemographic (age, sex, education, residence), behavioral (sugar-containing diet, tooth brushing frequency, use of interdental care products, last dental visit, smoking) and biological (systemic disease, use of medication and xerostomia) determinants was collected using the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Questionnaire for Adults supplemented with additional questions. Clinical data were recorded using the WHO criteria and collected by one trained and calibrated examiner. Dental caries status was recorded as sound, decayed, missing, filled surfaces. Subsequently for the analyses, status was recorded at a tooth-level as decayed- and filled-teeth (DT and FT) including proximal, buccal, and oral surfaces. Two measures were used for periodontal status. The probing pocket depth (PPD) was measured at six sites and recorded at a tooth level into the absence of PPD or presence of PPD ≥ 4 mm. Bleeding on probing (BOP) was measured at the same six sites and was recorded as either present or absent at a tooth-level. Univariable and multivariable 2-level random intercept binary logistic regression analyses were utilized. RESULTS Positive associations were found between DT and BOP (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.20-1.67), FT and BOP (OR 2.07, 95% CI 1.82-2.23), DT and PPD (OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.15-1.67) and FT and PPD (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.83-2.20). CONCLUSIONS Our findings add evidence for the co-occurrence of periodontal inflammation and caries on the same teeth. This suggests the need for increased emphasis on a transdisciplinary approach in designing oral health interventions that target dental caries and periodontal disease simultaneously. In addition, longitudinal studies exploring the co-occurrence of caries and periodontal disease at the same sites, taking into consideration the levels of both conditions and genetic variation, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Stangvaltaite-Mouhat
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Eastern Norway, Sørkedalsveien 10A, Oslo, 0369, Norway.
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio 21, Vilnius, 03101, Lithuania.
| | - Rasa Skudutyte-Rysstad
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Eastern Norway, Sørkedalsveien 10A, Oslo, 0369, Norway
| | - Hayley Ko
- Oral Health Centre of Expertise in Eastern Norway, Sørkedalsveien 10A, Oslo, 0369, Norway
| | - Indre Stankeviciene
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio 21, Vilnius, 03101, Lithuania
| | - Jolanta Aleksejuniene
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Alina Puriene
- Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, M. K. Čiurlionio 21, Vilnius, 03101, Lithuania.
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Petrenya N, Brustad M, Hopstok LA, Holde GE, Jönsson B. Empirically derived dietary patterns in relation to periodontitis and number of teeth among Norwegian adults. Public Health Nutr 2024; 27:e27. [PMID: 38223974 PMCID: PMC10830357 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023002690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore dietary patterns in relation to periodontitis and number of teeth. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING We used data from the seventh survey of the Tromsø Study in Norway, 2015-2016. Three periodontitis groups were compared: (i) no periodontitis/slow bone loss; (ii) moderate bone loss; and (iii) rapid bone loss. Number of teeth was categorised as 25-28, 20-24 and ≤ 19. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis. Multiple logistic regression was applied to examine associations between tertiles of dietary pattern scores and periodontitis, and between these same tertiles and number of teeth. PARTICIPANTS 1487 participants (55·5 % women) aged 40-79 years who were free of major chronic diseases, attended an oral health examination and completed a FFQ. RESULTS Four dietary patterns were identified, which explained 24 % of the total variability in food intake: fruit and vegetables, Westernised, meat/fish and potatoes, and refined grain and dessert. The fruit and vegetables pattern was inversely associated with periodontitis characterised by rapid bone loss when compared with no periodontitis/slow bone loss (OR tertile 3 v. 1 0·49, 95 % CI: 0·25, 0·98). Participants who were in the highest tertile of the refined grain and dessert pattern (tertile 3 v. 1) had 2·38- and 3·52-fold increased odds of having ≤ 19 than 20-24 and 25-28 teeth, respectively. CONCLUSION Out of four identified dietary patterns, only the fruit and vegetables pattern was negatively associated with advanced periodontitis. A more apparent positive association was observed between the refined grain and dessert pattern and having fewer teeth (≤ nineteen teeth).
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Petrenya
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, P.O Box 2406, N-9271, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Magritt Brustad
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, P.O Box 2406, N-9271, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Laila A Hopstok
- Department of Health and Care Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Gro Eirin Holde
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, P.O Box 2406, N-9271, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Birgitta Jönsson
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, P.O Box 2406, N-9271, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Glessner C, Desai B, Looney S, Choi BN, Lewis M, Farmaha J, Bloomquist R. The associations between dental disease and systemic health. Odontology 2024; 112:264-271. [PMID: 37261608 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00823-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the relationship between a patient's systemic and oral health is key for clinicians. The aim of this study was to determine if there is an association between specific findings in a dental exam, such as class V carious lesions, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification as a proxy for systemic health. A retrospective chart review was performed on all patient charts that met inclusion criteria including detailed, complete, and vetted charts obtained over a three-year period in the predoctoral clinic of a United States dental college. Findings recorded at the initial exam included the decayed, missing or filled teeth (DMFT) score, the location of carious lesions and restorations, the presence of periodontal disease, the number of endodontically treated teeth and the number of fractured teeth or restorations. We found no association found between DMFT score and ASA status but did find that ASA I patients had a higher degree of occlusal carious lesions and that ASA III patients were more likely to have interproximal restorations and fractured teeth. We found associations between a greater number of missing teeth and the presence of periodontal disease with worsening ASA status. Our data suggest that ASA classification cannot be used as a reliable predictor for the health of a patient's dentition or the number of cervical caries. However, the data does demonstrate a positive correlation between the number of missing teeth and ASA status, promoting the idea that the number of missing teeth is a crude prognosticator of systemic health. This information can be used by physicians and dentists to help understand the relationships between a patient's dental and systemic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Glessner
- Dental College of Georgia, 1430 John Wesley Gilbert Drive, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Bhavik Desai
- Dental College of Georgia, 1430 John Wesley Gilbert Drive, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
- TMJ and Orofacial Pain Treatment Centers of Wisconsin, 2626 N Wauwatosa Ave 101, Milwaukee, WI, 53213, USA
| | - Stephen Looney
- Medical College of Georgia, Population Health Sciences, 1120 15th Street, AE‑1014, Augusta, GA, 30912‑4900, USA
| | - Bich Na Choi
- Medical College of Georgia, Population Health Sciences, 1120 15th Street, AE‑1014, Augusta, GA, 30912‑4900, USA
| | - Maurice Lewis
- Dental College of Georgia, 1430 John Wesley Gilbert Drive, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Jaspreet Farmaha
- Dental College of Georgia, 1430 John Wesley Gilbert Drive, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Ryan Bloomquist
- Dental College of Georgia, 1430 John Wesley Gilbert Drive, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA.
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Jämsä H, Laitala ML, Kaakinen P, Ylöstalo P, Syrjälä AM. Implementation of oral hygiene practices in nursing homes - a qualitative approach among supervisor nurses. Acta Odontol Scand 2024; 82:25-32. [PMID: 37671640 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2023.2252493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study describes daily oral health care in private enhanced service housing units and nursing homes in Finland using a qualitative method. METHODS Nineteen supervisor nurses were interviewed in the six largest cities in Finland. The interviews consisted of semi-structured questions. The interviews were then transcribed and analyzed using inductive content analysis. RESULTS The qualitative content analysis revealed five main categories: diet, education in the oral health of older people, oral care equipment and taking care of them, caring for the mouths of residents, and professional oral health care. The results revealed that sugary snacks were given daily in the units and there was a need for oral health care education. The dental equipment of residents was taken care of well and the oral health of the residents was taken care of moderately well. Furthermore, there was a need for co-operation between dental professionals and only half of the residents had an individual oral care plan. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that based on this qualitative study, the implementation of daily oral health care in most nursing homes and enhanced housing units seems to be at a sufficient level and more oral health-related practical and theoretical education is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marja-Liisa Laitala
- Research Unit of Population Health, Department of Cariology, Endodontology and Pedodontics, University of Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital and Medical Research Center, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pirjo Kaakinen
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Pekka Ylöstalo
- Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, Finland
- Oulu University Hospital and Medical Research Center, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna-Maija Syrjälä
- Research Unit of Population Health, Department of Periodontology and Geriatric Dentistry, University of Oulu, Finland
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Yang Y, Liang L, Cai J, You J, Liao X. Improving oral hygiene for better cognitive health: Interrelationships of oral hygiene habits, oral health status, and cognitive function in older adults. J Adv Nurs 2024; 80:275-286. [PMID: 37403198 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the interrelationships between oral hygiene habits, oral health status and cognitive function in older adults. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS A total of 371 participants (age 76.79 [7.99] years) were enrolled from June 2020 to November 2021 in an aged care facility. METHODS Cognitive function was screened using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) with adjusted cut-off points for age and education. Periodontal status (Biofilm-Gingival Interface index based on periodontal probing depth and bleeding on probing), dental status (plaque, calculus, and caries), and tooth loss were assessed through full-mouth examination. Oral hygiene habits were based on self- or informant-reporting. RESULTS Poor periodontal status was an associated factor for MCI (OR = 2.89, 95% CI = 1.20-6.95), while multiple tooth loss (OR = 4.90, 95% CI = 1.06 ~ 22.59), brushing teeth less than once a day (OR = 2.88, 95% CI = 1.12 ~ 7.45) and delayed dental visits (OR = 2.45, 95% CI = 1.05 ~ 5.68) were associated factors for cognitive impairment. An indirect effect of brushing teeth ≥2 daily on MMSE score through periodontal status was observed only in older adults without cognitive impairment (Bootstrap-corrected B = 0.17, 95%CI = 0.03 ~ 0.36, SE = 0.08, β = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Adequate toothbrushing might prevent cognitive decline indirectly by improving periodontal health only in older adults without cognitive impairment. Multiple tooth loss, infrequent toothbrushing, and delayed dental visits were associated factors for cognitive impairment. Nursing professionals and health care policymakers should advocate for the improvement of basic oral hygiene in older adults, and provide regular professional oral hygiene care for older adults with cognitive impairment. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION The information on oral health habits of this study was based on an interview with the participants or their caregivers during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Yang
- Nursing Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Dental Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhu Liang
- Nursing Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinfen Cai
- Dental Department, the home of aged Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie You
- Dental Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liao
- Nursing Department, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Shi L, Zhu Z, Tian Q, He L. Association of Interdental Cleaning and Untreated Root Caries in Adults in the United States of America. Int Dent J 2023; 73:819-827. [PMID: 37316412 PMCID: PMC10658437 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2023.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the association between interdental cleaning and untreated root caries amongst middle-aged and older adults in the US. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2015-2016 and 2017-2018). Adults aged ≥40 years who underwent full mouth examination and root caries assessment were included. Participants were classified based on their interdental cleaning frequency as none, 1-3 d/wk, and 4-7 d/wk. Associations between interdental cleaning and untreated root caries were assessed using a weighted multivariable logistic regression model adjusted for sociodemographics, general behaviour, general health condition, oral conditions, oral health behavior, and dietary factors. Subgroup analyses stratified by age and sex were performed after adjusting for covariates in the logistic regression models. RESULTS The prevalence of untreated root caries was 15.3% amongst 6217 participants. Interdental cleaning for 4-7 d/wk was a significant risk factor (odds ratio, 0.67; 95% confidence interval, 0.52-0.85). It was associated with a 40% reduction in the risk of untreated root caries in participants aged 40 to 64 years and a 37% reduction in women. Untreated root caries was also significantly associated with age, family income, smoking status, root restoration, number of teeth, untreated coronal caries, and recent dental visit. CONCLUSIONS Interdental cleaning for 4-7 d/wk was associated with fewer untreated root caries amongst middle-aged adults and women in the US. The risk of root caries increases with age. Low family income was a risk indicator for root caries amongst middle-aged adults. Additionally, smoking, root restoration, number of teeth, untreated coronal caries, and recent dental visits were common risk factors for root caries in middle-aged and older people in the US.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfang Shi
- Department of Stomatology, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- Clinical Research Center, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiqi Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Libo He
- Department of Stomatology, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Baima G, Shin HS, Arrica M, Laforí A, Cordaro M, Romandini M. The co-occurrence of the two main oral diseases: periodontitis and dental caries. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6483-6492. [PMID: 37714978 PMCID: PMC10630193 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Limited studies are available testing through multiple regression models the association between the two main oral diseases: dental caries and periodontitis. The aim of this cross-sectional population-based study was to verify whether dental caries and periodontitis co-occur in a representative sample of the South Korea population. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 23,405 subjects representative of 36.2 million of adults (KNHANES) were examined. Univariate and multiple regression analyses using 7 different models were applied, controlling for age, gender, smoking status, frequency of toothbrushing, use of interproximal toothbrushes and flossing, educational level, income, gum diseases treatment and tooth filling in the previous year, BMI, Vitamin D serum levels, alcoholism, diabetes status, stress and carbohydrates dietary intake. RESULTS In the fully adjusted model, participants with periodontitis had, respectively, a mean of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.41-1.23) and of 0.36 (95% CI: 0.22-0.50) more untreated decayed surfaces and teeth than participants without periodontitis, with an OR to have at least one untreated decayed surface of 1.96 (95% CI: 1.66-2.32). However, cumulative caries experience (DF scores) and periodontitis were not associated. CONCLUSIONS In this large nationally representative population, periodontitis and untreated dental caries co-occur. However, when considering cumulative caries experience (DF scores), the two diseases do not appear related. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In light of their possible co-occurrence, clinicians should implement integrative diagnostic, preventive and treatment strategies for both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Baima
- Department of Surgical Sciences, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Hye-Sun Shin
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Dongnam Health University, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, Korea
| | - Mariantonietta Arrica
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Andreina Laforí
- Division of Fixed Prosthodontics and Biomaterials, Clinic of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Massimo Cordaro
- Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Mario Romandini
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 69, 0455, Geitmyrsveien, Oslo, Norway.
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Venkat M, Janakiram C. Association between Body Mass Index and Severity of Periodontal Disease among Adult South Indian Population: A Cross-sectional Study. Indian J Community Med 2023; 48:902-908. [PMID: 38249689 PMCID: PMC10795866 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_148_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontal disease is one of the top six chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and is recognized as a severe global public health problem. This study aimed to assess the association between various levels of body mass index (BMI) and periodontal disease severity in Indian adults. Material and Methods The study was designed as a hospital-based cross-sectional study involving 212 participants aged between 18 and 65. A questionnaire assessed by an investigator was used to assess oral health-associated risky behavior and demographical factors. Participants were also assessed using full-mouth clinical periodontal and anthropometric measurements. The mean number of sites with pocket probing depth (PPD) ≥4 mm and the presence of periodontal disease were used as outcome measures. Bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regressions were performed. Results The overall proportion of participants with periodontal disease was 50%, that is, sites with PPD ≥4 mm (n = 106). Multivariate analysis showed that BMI (odds ratio (OR) = 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.43, 1.37) was not associated with periodontal disease, but smoking (OR = 3.90, 95% CI: 1.63, 5.89), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.72, 2.13), age (OR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.08, 5.84), and diabetic mellitus (OR = 1.69, 95% CI: 0.92, 3) were positively associated with periodontal disease. Conclusion A positive association was found between smoking, alcohol consumption, age, gender, history of diabetic mellitus, and periodontal disease. No significant association exists between obesity and periodontal disease in South Indian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malliga Venkat
- Resident, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Ernakulum, Kerala, India
| | - Chandrashekar Janakiram
- Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Ernakulum, Kerala, India
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Paszynska E, Hernik A, Rangé H, Amaechi BT, Gross GS, Pawinska M. Diet Traps during Eating Disorders among Dentate Patients at an Oral Health Glance. Nutrients 2023; 15:4414. [PMID: 37892489 PMCID: PMC10610111 DOI: 10.3390/nu15204414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Persons suffering from eating disorders (ED) may often experience a recurrence/persistence symptoms despite the completion of psychiatric therapy. In most cases, their general health status is linked to current nutritional behaviors. Medical professionals, general practitioners (GPs), dieticians, and dentists may see those patients in their practices. At the same time, due to low sense of illness, some patients may delay or never seek professional medical care. The aim of this article is to analyze the main ED types according to dietary behaviors causing oral health problems and discuss oral health complications in affected dentate patients. The second objective is to update oral preventive measures and technological innovations together with active agents for oral hygiene care that might effectively support oral health maintenance during the presence of long-term symptoms. The research method involved a review of clinical reports as a synthesis of the electronic research in the Pubmed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases. Based on the research, ED patients were found to present related incidences of oral complications. Studies have reported that the possible course of an ED and comorbidities may be an imbalance in the oral environment. The results showed an association between biological (malnutrition, etc.), behavioral (binge eating episodes, vomiting, acidic diet, poor oral hygiene), and pharmacotherapeutic (addiction, hyposalivation) factors that may threaten oral health. Early diagnosis of the past and present symptoms is essential to eliminate and take control of destructive behaviors. Oral changes need to be tackled with medical insight, and additionally, the perception of dietary interactions is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Paszynska
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences (PUMS), 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Amadeusz Hernik
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences (PUMS), 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Hélène Rangé
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, University of Rennes, CHU de Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
- Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolism and Cancer), INSERM, INRAE, University of Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Bennett T. Amaechi
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Georgiana S. Gross
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Malgorzata Pawinska
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Medical University in Bialystok, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland
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Silva BNS, Campos LA, Marôco J, Campos JA. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS): psychometric properties and application on preschoolers. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16035. [PMID: 37842063 PMCID: PMC10569180 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The concept of oral health related to quality of life involves the impact that oral health has on an individual's well-being. The Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS) was developed to measure the impact of oral health problems on the lives of children and their families. Objective To evaluate the psychometric properties of ECOHIS applied to mothers of preschool children and estimate the influence of demographic characteristics, caries experience, and plaque index on the ECOHIS score. Methods The fit of ECOHIS to the data was assessed by confirmatory analysis. Chi-square for degrees of freedom ratio (χ2/df), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) were used. Reliability was estimated by the ordinal coefficients alpha (α) and omega (ω). The factorial invariance was estimated by the difference in CFI (ΔCFI). Comparisons of the ECOHIS mean scores according to the demographic characteristics, caries experience, and plaque index was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results A total of 371 children participated in the study. Mothers' mean age was 33.0 (SD = 7.04) years. The ECOHIS presented a good fit to the data (χ2/df = 4.31; CFI = 0.95; TLI = 0.94; RMSEA = 0.09) and a strict model invariance. Children without caries and from higher income class had lower oral health impact. Conclusion The data obtained with the ECOHIS were valid, reliable, and invariant. Children with caries experience and from lower income families had a greater impact of oral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Núbia Souza Silva
- Department of Morphology and children’s clinics, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas A. Campos
- Department of Morphology and children’s clinics, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Ear and Oral Diseases, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - João Marôco
- William James Center for Research, University Institute of Psychological, Social, and Life Sciences, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Juliana A.D.B Campos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Laajala A, Pesonen P, Alaraudanjoki V, Anttonen V, Laitala ML. Genome-wide association study identifies novel caries-associated loci showing sex-specificity-A study on the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. Eur J Oral Sci 2023; 131:e12953. [PMID: 37707347 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
A genome-wide association study was performed in sex-stratified groups representing three different caries phenotypes among adults. The study sample consisted of 46-year-old participants of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966 study (n = 1481). The phenotypes for analyses were the dentin caries phenotype (persons having at least one tooth with dentin caries lesion), and the enamel caries phenotype (those having teeth with more than 10 enamel caries lesions), while the control group had <10 enamel caries lesions and no teeth with dentin caries, respectively. A third phenotype dubbed the caries severity phenotype had a below-average number of teeth with initial lesions and at least one extensive dentin caries lesion; their controls had an above-average number of teeth with initial caries lesions and no teeth with extensive dentin caries lesions. All analyses were performed for the whole group and for sex-stratified subgroups. In females, loci in chromosomes 2, 5, and 15 showed a statistically significant association with caries severity. In males, there was a novel association between chromosome 5 and dentin caries. The results of this study may suggest a genetic background of caries among adults. In the future, the detection of genetic predisposing variants may allow the identification of patients at risk for caries, even in the absence of behavioral and environmental risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Laajala
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, City of Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center and University Hospital of Oulu, City of Oulu, Finland
| | - Paula Pesonen
- Northern Finland Birth Cohorts, Infrastructure for Population Studies, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, City of Oulu, Finland
| | - Viivi Alaraudanjoki
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, City of Oulu, Finland
| | - Vuokko Anttonen
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, City of Oulu, Finland
| | - Marja-Liisa Laitala
- Faculty of Medicine, Research Unit of Population Health, University of Oulu, City of Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Center and University Hospital of Oulu, City of Oulu, Finland
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Li ZH, Li J, Mao YC, Zhao JW, Hu HY, Zhang S, Liu ZY, Liu XJ, Huang K, Hu CY, Zhang XJ. Association of urinary heavy metal combined exposure with periodontitis among US adults from NHANES 2011-2014. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:107887-107898. [PMID: 37740806 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29888-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Some heavy metals are associated with periodontitis; whereas most of these associations have focused on individual metal, there are no specific studies on the effects of combined heavy metal exposure on periodontitis. We conducted an analysis on the association between urinary heavy metal exposure and periodontitis in participants aged 30 years and older using multiple logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). This analysis was performed on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2011 to 2014. The study found that using logistic regression, the 4th quartile of urinary lead and molybdenum and the 3rd quartile of urinary strontium were positively associated with periodontitis compared to the reference quartile after adjusting for covariates. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was 1.738 (1.069-2.826), 1.515 (1.025-2.239), and 1.498 (1.010-2.222), respectively. The 3rd and 4th quartiles of urinary cobalt were negatively associated with periodontitis, and their ORs and 95% CIs were 0.639 (0.438-0.934) and 0.571 (0.377-0.964), respectively. The BKMR model showed that urinary barium, lead, and molybdenum were positively associated with periodontitis in a range of concentrations and urinary cobalt, manganese, tin, and strontium were negatively correlated with periodontitis. Furthermore, the overall association between urinary heavy metals and periodontitis was positive. Our study provides evidence for an association between exposure to multiple urinary heavy metals and periodontitis. However, further longitudinal studies are needed to explore the specific mechanisms involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiong Li
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jia-Wen Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hui-Yu Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Sun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhe-Ye Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xue-Jie Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Kai Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, 678 Furong Road, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Cheng-Yang Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
- Department of Humanistic Medicine, School of Humanistic Medicine, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiu-Jun Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College & Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Gomes-Filho IS, Freitas TOB, Cruz SSD, Trindade SC, Figueiredo ACMG, Couto Souza PH, Cerqueira EDMM, Hintz AM, Carneiro DO, Lacerda JAD, Seymour GJ, Scannapieco FA, Loomer PM, Passos-Soares JDS. Periodontitis in individuals with few remaining teeth and a high gingival bleeding index increases the probability of dyslipidemia. J Periodontol 2023; 94:1243-1253. [PMID: 37310101 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dyslipidemia, a silent multifactorial condition, is characterized by changes in blood lipid levels, affecting all socioeconomic strata, increasing the risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study investigated whether there is an association between dyslipidemia and the combined exposure of periodontitis plus the number of remaining teeth, gingival bleeding, or caries. METHODS A two-center cross-sectional study was conducted involving 1270 individuals, with a minimum age of 18 years. Socioeconomic and demographic data, health conditions, lifestyle parameters, and anthropometric, biochemical, and oral clinical examinations were performed. The exposures considered were the presence of periodontitis, dental caries, number of remaining teeth, and gingival bleeding. The outcome was dyslipidemia as defined by the Brazilian Guidelines on Dyslipidemia and Prevention of Atherosclerosis. The combined associations between periodontitis plus other oral health conditions and dyslipidemia were estimated using confounder-adjusted prevalence ratios (PRsingle , PRmultiple , for single and multiple covariable adjustments) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), in a Poisson regression model with robust variance. RESULTS The occurrence of dyslipidemia was 70.1% and periodontitis was 84.1%. A positive association between periodontitis and dyslipidemia existed: PRsingle = 1.13; 95% CI: 1.01-1.26. Combined exposure of periodontitis plus <11 remaining teeth (PRmultiple = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.05-1.43), as well as combined exposure of periodontitis plus ≥10% gingival bleeding and <11 remaining teeth (PRmultiple = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03-1.44), represented greater probabilities of 23% and 22% of individuals having a diagnosis of dyslipidemia. CONCLUSION Periodontitis combined with fewer than 11 teeth doubled the likelihood of being diagnosed with dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Simone Seixas da Cruz
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
- Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Soraya Castro Trindade
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Daline Oliveira Carneiro
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Peter Michael Loomer
- School of Dentistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Johelle de Santana Passos-Soares
- Department of Health, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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Pärnänen P, Lomu S, Räisänen IT, Tervahartiala T, Sorsa T. Antimicrobial and Anti-Inflammatory Oral Effects of Fermented Lingonberry Juice-A One-Year Prospective Human Intervention Study. Eur J Dent 2023; 17:1235-1240. [PMID: 36599454 PMCID: PMC10756786 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A 1-year prospective human intervention study was performed to examine the anticaries, anti-inflammatory, antiproteolytic, and antimicrobial effects of fermented lingonberry juice (FLJ), used as a mouthwash for a period of 6 months, followed by a 6-month washout period. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-five adults were recruited from private dental clinics in Helsinki and Joensuu (Finland). Standard oral examinations and sample gatherings were performed at base level, 6 months, and 1 year for oral Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Candida, and Lactobacilli levels, and active matrix metalloprotease-8 (aMMP-8) levels, and for decayed, missing, filled teeth (DMFT), decayed, missing filled surfaces (DMFS) and decayed surfaces (DS) indexes, and probing pocket depths (PPDs), bleeding on probing (BOP), and visible plaque index (VPI). FLJ was used by the participants once daily for 30 seconds for 6 months. FLJ contains 0.212% (w/v) polyphenols, 3% (w/ v) sugars, and contains no excipients. Ten milliliters of FLJ were equal to 1 dL of lingonberry juice. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Statistical analyses were performed with nonparametric Friedman's test and pairwise post-hoc analysis with Dunn-Bonferroni test, SPSS (version 27; IBM) and p < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS The levels of S. mutans and Candida counts, DS, BOP, and VPI decreased significantly (p < 0.05) during the FLJ period. Lactobacilli counts increased significantly, while there was also significant difference in aMMP-8 levels, DMFT, and DMFS between the three measurement points. PPDs were not affected. CONCLUSIONS The specially formulated FLJ may have a positive decreasing effect on S. mutans, and Candida counts as well as decrease low-grade inflammation and proteolytic burden in the oral mucosa and periodontal tissues. The beneficial effects to the oral cavity of FLJ mouthwash may be useful among patients with oral diseases, such as dental caries, periodontitis and candidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pirjo Pärnänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sari Lomu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ismo T. Räisänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
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Saha S, Chopra A, Kamath SU, Kashyap NN. Can acid produced from probiotic bacteria alter the surface roughness, microhardness, and elemental composition of enamel? An in vitro study. Odontology 2023; 111:929-941. [PMID: 36995435 PMCID: PMC10492682 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-023-00804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms that upon administration in adequate amounts provide various health benefits to the host. Probiotics are "lactic acid-producing bacteria" as they release large amounts of organic acids, particularly lactic acids, in their surrounding environment. Although the acids produced by probiotics are beneficial for gastrointestinal and vaginal health, the acidogenic nature of probiotics has raised concerns among dental professionals, especially concerning their effect on the enamel and dentin. Previous studies have found that probiotics can lower the pH of the saliva and cause essential elements like Calcium and Phosphorus to leach from the enamel. This can alter the surface topography of enamel and increase the risk of enamel defects. Studies have also noted that probiotic bacteria can replace cariogenic bacteria and lower the risk of tooth decay. However, the effect of acid produced by probiotics on the enamel surface remains unclear. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the effect of probiotics on the surface roughness, microhardness, and elemental composition of enamel compared to 0.1 M Lactic acid (demineralizing agent). Twenty enamel sections were randomly divided into groups and subjected to a pH cycling model using a probiotic suspension and 0.1 M lactic acid. The changes in the surface roughness, microhardness, surface morphology, and elemental composition of the enamel with regard to Carbon, Oxygen, Sodium, Hydrogen, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Fluoride, Chlorine, and Calcium of the enamel were evaluated before and after the emersion in both the groups. The results showed a significant increase in the mean surface roughness in the probiotic group before and after the exposure. The microhardness of the enamel decreased along with altered arrangement of the enamel prisms, increased striations, scratch marks, and pitting after exposure to the probiotic group. A decrease in the atomic/weight% for Calcium, Phosphorous, Fluoride, Aluminium, and Oxygen and an increase in the weight/atomic% for Carbon, Nitrogen, and Sodium were noted compared to the baseline in the probiotic solution. The results in the probiotic group were comparable to the 0.1 M lactic acids. The pH changed from 5.78 to 3.06 at the end of 24 h in the probiotic group. Based on these findings, we conclude that exposure to probiotics can affect microhardness and surface roughness and cause leaching of essential elements like Calcium and Phosphorous from the enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagata Saha
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Aditi Chopra
- Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India.
| | - Shobha Ullas Kamath
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Namita N Kashyap
- Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
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Gürbüz S, Altıkat M. The association between periodontitis patients' chief complaints and the stage of periodontitis: A clinical retrospective study. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:6261-6272. [PMID: 37704915 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05258-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purposes of this retrospective study were to investigate the prevalence of various periodontal chief complaints (pCCs) of patients, diagnosed with periodontitis, as well as to identify the association between pCCs and periodontal parameters or periodontitis staging according to AAP/EFP 2017 classification. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five hundred eighty-nine patients, applied to the clinic with pCCs, were screened. The demographic characteristics, smoking status, brushing behaviors, history of periodontal therapy, medical data, and periodontal parameters were obtained. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the most common pCCs and co-variables among the indicators of Stage III and IV periodontitis. RESULTS In Stage IV periodontitis, patients with pCC of mobility were observed the most (26.8%), and pCC of halitosis were the least (7.3%). Among all pCCs of patients, those with the pCC of gingival enlargement and tooth mobility had the highest percentage of sites with PPD ≥ 4 mm and CAL ≥ 5 mm, respectively (p < .001). According to regression analysis, those with pCC of gingival bleeding, recession and mobility were more likely to be in Stage IV than those in Stage I/II. CONCLUSION Among pCCs, only patients with pCCs of mobility, gingival recession and bleeding are related to periodontitis staging. Moreover, the extent of periodontal pockets in patients with pCC of gingival enlargement, and the extent of attachment loss in patients with pCC of mobility are greater than other patients. CLINICAL RELEVANCE New machine-learning technology models can be developed with the aim of classifying the patients based on their chief complaints, to support diagnosing the severity of periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sühan Gürbüz
- Department of Periodontology, Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry, Bişkek Caddesi, 1.Sokak No. 4, 06490, Ankara, Türkiye.
| | - Merve Altıkat
- Vocational School of Health Care Services, İstinye University, İstanbul, Türkiye
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Chan AKY, Tsang YC, Jiang CM, Leung KCM, Lo ECM, Chu CH. Diet, Nutrition, and Oral Health in Older Adults: A Review of the Literature. Dent J (Basel) 2023; 11:222. [PMID: 37754342 PMCID: PMC10528506 DOI: 10.3390/dj11090222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet, nutrition, and oral health are closely linked. Malnutrition is a challenging health concern in older adults that is associated with physical decline affecting their daily activities and quality of life. The aim of this review is to provide an evidence-based summary of the relationship between diet and nutrition and oral health in older adults and its implications. The World Health Organization has declared healthy ageing a priority of its work on ageing. The American Dental Association confirmed the bidirectional relationship between diet and nutrition and oral health. The literature shows that diet and nutrition are related to oral diseases, including dental caries, periodontal diseases, tooth wear, and even oral cancer. Insufficient nutritional intake and poor dietary habits increase the risk of oral diseases, such as dental caries, in older adults. On the other hand, in older adults, poor oral conditions such as periodontal disease may induce pain, infection, and tooth loss, affecting nutritional intake. Surveys have shown that older adults, in particular, those in disadvantaged communities, suffered from nutritional deficiencies or imbalances affecting their oral health. In addition, the current literature shows that malnutrition is associated with frailty, hospitalization, mortality, and morbidity. Good oral health and functional dentition are essential to maintain sufficient nutritional intake among older adults and reduce the risk of malnutrition. Therefore, integrating oral health into general health care service in older adults is imperative to improve their nutritional and oral health status to achieve healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; (A.K.Y.C.); (Y.C.T.); (C.M.J.); (K.C.M.L.); (E.C.M.L.)
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Yamaguchi S, Murakami T, Satoh M, Komiyama T, Ohi T, Miyoshi Y, Endo K, Hiratsuka T, Hara A, Tatsumi Y, Totsune T, Asayama K, Kikuya M, Nomura K, Hozawa A, Metoki H, Imai Y, Watanabe M, Ohkubo T, Hattori Y. Associations of Dental Health With the Progression of Hippocampal Atrophy in Community-Dwelling Individuals: The Ohasama Study. Neurology 2023; 101:e1056-e1068. [PMID: 37407259 PMCID: PMC10491442 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although tooth loss and periodontitis have been considered risk factors of Alzheimer disease, recent longitudinal researches have not found a significant association with hippocampal atrophy. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify a longitudinal association between the number of teeth present (NTP) and hippocampal atrophy dependent on the severity of periodontitis in a late middle-aged and older adult population. METHODS This study included community-dwelling individuals aged 55 years or older who had no cognitive decline and had undergone brain MRI and oral and systemic data collection twice at 4-year intervals. Hippocampal volumes were obtained from MRIs by automated region-of-interest analysis. The mean periodontal probing depth (PD) was used as a measure of periodontitis. Multiple regression analysis was performed with the annual symmetric percentage change (SPC) of the hippocampal volume as the dependent variable and including an interaction term between NTP and mean PD as the independent variable. The interaction details were examined using the Johnson-Neyman technique and simple slope analysis. The 3-way interaction of NTP, mean PD, and time on hippocampal volume was analyzed using a linear mixed-effects model, and the interaction of NTP and time was examined in subgroups divided by the median mean PD. In all models, dropout bias was adjusted by inverse probability weighting. RESULTS Data of 172 participants were analyzed. The qualitative interaction between NTP and the mean PD was significant for the annual SPC in the left hippocampus. The regression coefficient of the NTP on the annual SPC in the left hippocampus was positive (B = 0.038, p = 0.026) at the low-level mean PD (mean -1 SD) and negative (B = -0.054, p = 0.001) at the high-level mean PD (mean +1 SD). Similar results were obtained in the linear mixed-effects model; the interaction of NTP and time was significant in the higher mean PD group. DISCUSSION In a late middle-aged and older cohort, fewer teeth were associated with a faster rate of left hippocampal atrophy in patients with mild periodontitis, whereas having more teeth was associated with a faster rate of atrophy in those with severe periodontitis. The importance of keeping teeth healthy is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamaguchi
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Takahisa Murakami
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Michihiro Satoh
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takamasa Komiyama
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohi
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshitada Miyoshi
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kosei Endo
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takako Hiratsuka
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Azusa Hara
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yukako Tatsumi
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomoko Totsune
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kei Asayama
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kikuya
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kyoko Nomura
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hozawa
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hirohito Metoki
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yutaka Imai
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ohkubo
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Hattori
- From the Division of Aging and Geriatric Dentistry (S.Y., T.M., T.K., T. Ohi, Y.M., K.E., T.H., Y.H.), Department of Rehabilitation Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry; Division of Public Health, Hygiene and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., H.M.), Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology (T.M., M.S., M.K., A. Hozawa, H.M.), Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai; Japanese Red Cross Ishinomaki Hospital (T. Ohi); Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science (A. Hara), Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University; Department of Hygiene and Public Health (Y.T., K.A., M.K., T. Ohkubo), Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo; Department of Neurology (T.T.), National Hospital Organization Sendai Nishitaga Hospital; Department of Aging Research and Geriatric Medicine (T.T.), Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University; Tohoku Institute for Management of Blood Pressure (K.A., H.M., Y.I., T. Ohkubo), Sendai, Miyagi; Department of Environmental Health Science and Public Health (K.N.), Akita University Graduate School of Medicine; and Research Institute of Living and Environmental Sciences (M.W.), Miyagi Gakuin Women's University, Sendai, Japan
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50
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Petrauskienė S, Žemaitienė M, Bendoraitienė EA, Saldūnaitė-Mikučionienė K, Vasiliauskienė I, Zūbienė J, Andruškevičienė V, Slabšinskienė E. A Cross-Sectional Study of Oral Health Status and Behavioral Risk Indicators among Non-Smoking and Currently Smoking Lithuanian Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6609. [PMID: 37623192 PMCID: PMC10454649 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20166609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate oral health status, behavioral risk indicators, and the impact of smoking on oral health among Lithuanian adolescents. This representative cross-sectional study was conducted among 15-year-old Lithuanian adolescents. The method of multistage cluster sampling was used. A total of 1127 adolescents met the inclusion criteria. Two originally created self-reported questionnaires were used in this study. Dental caries, periodontal status, and oral hygiene status were evaluated by four trained researchers. A p-value ≤ 0.05 was set to indicate statistically significant differences. Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests. Out of all the participants, 9.6% self-reported being a current tobacco smoker. The mean PI value was 1.14 ± 0.69 among all the participants. Currently smoking adolescents had more active caries lesions (D-S) than those who did not smoke (13.2 ± 16.4 vs. 9.8 ± 10.7, p = 0.023). Considering periodontal status, non-smoking adolescents had significantly lower mean PSR index scores than current smokers (0.52 ± 0.51 vs. 0.61 ± 0.50, p = 0.0298). Tobacco smoking and the consumption of energy drinks were significantly associated (OR = 3.74, 95% CI 2.66-5.26, p < 0.001) among participants. Currently smoking adolescents tended to have improper dietary habits, especially a higher consumption of energy drinks; thus, they were more likely to have active dental caries lesions, as well as poorer periodontal status, than their non-smoking peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Petrauskienė
- Department of Preventive and Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Academy of Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Lukšos-Daumanto 6, LT-50106 Kaunas, Lithuania; (M.Ž.); (E.A.B.); (K.S.-M.); (I.V.); (J.Z.); (V.A.); (E.S.)
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