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Cabral AEA, Lourenço MAG, de Medeiros Santos BS, Carvalho MG, Pazinatto RB, Leite FPP, de Melo LA. Effectiveness of desensitizing toothpastes in reducing tooth sensitivity after tooth bleaching: a systematic review. Clin Oral Investig 2024; 28:457. [PMID: 39078468 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-024-05857-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of desensitizing toothpastes in reducing post-bleaching tooth sensitivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic review of randomized clinical trials was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Electronic searches were conducted in the PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library and Embase databases, using the following terms: (dentifrices OR toothpaste) AND (sensitive OR sensitivity OR dental sensitivity) AND (dental bleaching OR tooth bleaching OR dental whitening OR tooth whitening). RESULTS Five studies involving 387 individuals undergoing in-office or at-home teeth bleaching were reviewed. Desensitizing toothpastes reduced sensitivity effectively after home bleaching with 22% carbamide peroxide and single-session in-office bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide. However, they were ineffective for home bleaching with 16% carbamide peroxide and in-office bleaching across two sessions with 35% or 38% hydrogen peroxide. CONCLUSION Desensitizing toothpastes are effective for home bleaching with high concentration carbamide peroxide and single-session in-office bleaching with highly concentrated hydrogen peroxide, but ineffective for home bleaching with low concentration carbamide peroxide and two-session in-office bleaching with concentrated hydrogen peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Estéfanny Alves Cabral
- Departament of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787 - Lagoa Nova, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, CEP 59056-000, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Souto de Medeiros Santos
- Departament of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787 - Lagoa Nova, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, CEP 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Mateus Guedes Carvalho
- Departament of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787 - Lagoa Nova, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, CEP 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Barroso Pazinatto
- Departament of Dentistry, Federal University of Juiz de Fora - UFJF, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Laércio Almeida de Melo
- Departament of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN, Av. Salgado Filho, 1787 - Lagoa Nova, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, CEP 59056-000, Brazil.
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Pinto MR, da Silva Medeiros KI, Maia LM, Coelho AA, Negreiros Nunes Alves AP, Caetano CFF, Mesquita KC, de Barros Silva PG, Sousa FB. Role of induced nitric oxide synthases in orofacial nociception/discomfort after dental tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 161:105937. [PMID: 38442471 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in nociception/orofacial discomfort in rats submitted to tooth whitening with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). DESIGN Wistar rats were divided into three groups (n = 24/group): a sham group not submitted to whitening treatment, a saline group submitted to whitening treatment, and a test group submitted to whitening treatment and blockade of iNOS with aminoguanidine 50 mg/kg/day. After 24 and 48 h, and 7 days, the animals were euthanized to collect trigeminal ganglia and maxillae to histomorphometric analysis (size of neuronal bodies and percentage of pulp area filled by vessels) and behavior/nociception (Grimace scales, scratching and biting counting, weight loss and nociception assay). ANOVA-1- or - 2-way tests were used (p < 0.05, GraphPadPrism 5.0). RESULTS The aminoguanidine-treated group showed a reduction in nociceptive threshold in the masseteric region (p < 0.001), Grimace scale scores (p < 0.001), number of scratching (p = 0.011) and body mass loss (p = 0.007). After 24 and 48 h of tooth bleaching, the saline group showed a significant increase in the mean area of the blood vessels (p = 0.020) and iNOS immunostaining in odontoblasts (p = 0.002) and non-odontoblasts cells (p = 0.025). Aminoguanidine reversed both increases. Tooth bleaching reduced the mean area of neuronal bodies, and aminoguanidine significantly reversed it (p = 0.019), but an increase in GFAP immunostaining in neuronal bodies did not reduce after seven-days or after aminoguanidine treatment (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION iNOS blockage by aminoguanidine plays an important role in nociception and orofacial discomfort by control of inflammation in dental pulp after tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) 35%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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3
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Cardoso MEDOP, Takeuchi EV, Alencar CDM, de Mesquita RA, Alves EB, Silva CM. The effect of photobiomodulation therapy associated with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride paste on the treatment of posthome whitening tooth sensitivity and color change: A randomized clinical trial. Clin Exp Dent Res 2024; 10:e817. [PMID: 38345511 PMCID: PMC10828902 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed whether combining photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) with casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) paste can effectively reduce post-home whitening tooth sensitivity (TS) without compromising shade change. METHODS Fifty participants were selected and assigned to one of four groups: (1) PLACEBO group-received a placebo paste and PBMT simulation; (2) PBMT group-received a placebo paste + PBMT; (3) CPP-ACPF group-received CPP-ACPF paste and PBMT simulation; (4) CPP-ACPF + PBMT group-received both CPP-ACPF paste and PBMT. The participants used whitening trays containing 22% carbamide peroxide for 2 h a day for 21 days. TS was measured daily using a visual analog scale, while shade change was assessed using a spectrophotometer: before bleaching treatment (T0), after the first (T1), second (T2), and third (T3) weeks of treatment, and 30 days (T4) after completing the whitening treatment. RESULTS Intragroup analysis revealed that the PLACEBO group had the highest increase in sensitivity during the whitening treatment. The CPP-ACPF and PBMT groups showed no significant difference tooth whitening (TW) between weeks regarding aesthetic change. The CPP-ACPF and PBMT group exhibited a significant reduction in TS between the first and third and between the second and third weeks TW, but not between the first and second. Conversely, the PLACEBO group showed a higher sensitivity than the other groups (p < .05). The CPP-ACPF and PBMT groups did not differ from each other. Furthermore, the CPP-ACPF and PBMT group showed a greater decrease in sensitivity than the PLACEBO group at T1, T2, and T3 (p < .01), and was significantly differed from CPP-ACPF and PBMT groups only at T2 and T3. All groups confirmed TW effectiveness. Student's and paired t-test did not reveal any significant difference between groups (p > .05). CONCLUSION Therefore, PBMT associated with CPP-ACPF paste can reduce TS without compromising the efficacy of TW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elma V. Takeuchi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental SchoolFederal University of ParáBelémParáBrazil
| | | | - Raissa A. de Mesquita
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental SchoolFederal University of ParáBelémParáBrazil
| | - Eliane B. Alves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental SchoolFederal University of ParáBelémParáBrazil
| | - Cecy M. Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental SchoolFederal University of ParáBelémParáBrazil
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4
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Vochikovski L, Favoreto MW, Rezende M, Terra RMO, Gumy FN, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Use of infrared photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy for reduction of bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity after in-office bleaching: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 38:18. [PMID: 36562868 PMCID: PMC9782280 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of infrared photobiomodulation with low-level laser therapy (PBM) to reduce bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity (TS) after in-office bleaching. Eighty-three participants were randomized in blocks into two groups. In the experimental group, the patients received an application after each session of in-office bleaching (35% hydrogen peroxide, 1 × 50 min; 2 sessions with 1-week interval), while the laser application was simulated in the control group. The PBM system was operated in continuous mode, using 3 J of energy. A dose of 100 J/cm2 was applied for 30 s with 808 nm (100 mW of power) in the middle third of the crown. The risk and intensity of TS were recorded immediately after bleaching, 1 h, 24 h, and 48 h after each bleaching session, with a visual scale analog (0-10) and a five-point numerical scale (0-4). The color was recorded at the beginning, weekly, and 1 month after the end of the bleaching (VITA Classical, VITA Bleachedguide, and digital spectrophotometer). The risk of TS was 98% (95% CI 88 to 99%) for the laser group and 95% (95% CI 83 to 99%) for the control (RR = 1.03; 95% CI 0.94 to 1.12; p = 1.0). Similarly, no difference in the intensity of TS was detected for both pain scales (p > 0.65). Improvement in color change, regardless of the group, was observed (p > 0.15). The application of an PBM did not reduce the risk and intensity of TS when applied after the procedure using the parameters recommended by the manufacturer.Trial registration number and date of registration: RBR-4HCVSG-04/06/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laína Vochikovski
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Michael W Favoreto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Marcia Rezende
- Department of Dentistry, Paulo Picanço School of Dentistry, Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Renata M O Terra
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Fernanda N Gumy
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
| | - Alessandro D Loguercio
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
| | - Alessandra Reis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Ponta Grossa, Brazil
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Carneiro AMP, Barros APO, de Oliveira RP, de Paula BLF, Silva AM, de Melo Alencar C, Silva CM. The effect of photobiomodulation using low-level laser therapy on tooth sensitivity after dental bleaching: a systematic review. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 37:2791-2804. [PMID: 35597839 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03578-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The authors aimed to conduct a systematic review to assess data from the current literature on the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in preventing tooth sensitivity (TS) after tooth whitening (DB). PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews were followed. Clinical trials evaluating the treatment of LLLT in patients with sensitivity after tooth whitening were selected. A full bibliographic search was performed on May 4, 2021, in the following databases: Embase, MEDLINE via PubMed, SciELO, VHL Regional Portal, Web of Science, Gray Literature, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov and Cochrane Library. This study followed Cochrane's recommendations for analyzing risk of bias. A total of 1054 studies were found (255 studies were excluded because they were duplicates and 785 because of titles and abstracts). Only 14 articles were selected for analysis, of which eight were excluded because they had one or more exclusion criteria, resulting in six articles included in this systematic review, the vast majority being classified as low risk of bias. The studies reviewed indicated that LLLT showed promise in preventing TS after TB. However, evidence is limited and more clinical trials with low risk of bias are needed to reach a definitive conclusion on the action of LLLT in pain control after TB.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Aryvelto Miranda Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane de Melo Alencar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Cecy Martins Silva
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Correa Av, No 1, Guamá, Belém, Pará, 66075-110, Brazil. .,Dental Materials Laboratory of the Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil.
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de Barros Silva PG, Filho ELC, Nigri FMN, Dantas TS, de Miranda Candeiro GT, Neri JR. Photobiomodulation Reduces Pain-Related Symptoms Without Interfering in the Efficacy of In-Office Tooth Bleaching: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trials. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2022; 40:163-177. [DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva
- Department of Dentistry, University Center Christus, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Graduate School of Dentistry, University Center Christus, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Edson Luiz Cetira Filho
- Department of Dentistry, University Center Christus, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - George Táccio de Miranda Candeiro
- Department of Dentistry, University Center Christus, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Graduate School of Dentistry, University Center Christus, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Jiovanne Rabelo Neri
- Department of Dentistry, University Center Christus, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Graduate School of Dentistry, University Center Christus, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Graduate School of Dentistry, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
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7
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Yahya G, AlAlwi A, Shurayji F, Baroom W, Rajeh M, AbdelAleem N. Effectiveness of sodium fluoride varnish and/or diode laser in decreasing post-bleaching hypersensitivity: A comparative study. Saudi Dent J 2022; 34:62-67. [PMID: 35068900 PMCID: PMC8767248 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2021.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Professional tooth whitening has gained popularity in the past several years. The most commonly active chemical agent used in bleaching is hydrogen peroxide (HP). HP is a low molecular weight unstable material that easily diffuses into the tooth structure, causing oxidative reactions with a consequent whitening effect. After bleaching, tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation are anticipated. Aim This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of remineralization and/or diode laser therapies in reducing tooth sensitivity after bleaching. Methodology Thirty-nine participants from Umm Al-Qura University, dental clinics, Makkah, SA. They were divided into three equal groups according to the desensitizing technique used. All participants were subjected to bleaching by 40% opalescence boost HP. Subsequently, 13 participants received 5% sodium fluoride varnish (5% NaF), 13 participants received low-level laser therapy (LLLT), and 13 participants received a combination of both desensitizing techniques. Each participant represented self-control, where tooth sensitivity was measured before and after bleaching. The cold test was used to measure tooth sensitivity before bleaching, immediately after bleaching and after application of the proposed desensitizing technique. Then, a visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for re-assessment. Results The desensitizing methods exhibited a notable reduction in tooth sensitivity post-bleaching with no significant difference among the following therapies (p = 0.544). Conclusion All the employed desensitizing methods reduced post-bleaching sensitivity, with no significant differences among them. Thus, using one technique individually is enough for effort, time and cost savings.
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Pompeu DDS, de Paula BLF, Barros APO, Nunes SC, Carneiro AMP, Araújo JLN, Silva CM. Combination of strontium chloride and photobiomodulation in the control of tooth sensitivity post-bleaching: A split-mouth randomized clinical trial. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250501. [PMID: 33909659 PMCID: PMC8081218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This split-mouth randomized controlled clinical trial assessed the effect of 10% strontium chloride in combination with photobiomodulation (PBM) for the control of tooth sensitivity (TS) post-bleaching. Methods The upper/lower, right and left quadrants of fifty volunteers were randomized and allocated to four groups (n = 25): PLACEBO—placebo gel + simulation of PBM; Placebo + PBM; STRONTIUM—10% strontium chloride + simulation of PBM; and PBM + STRONTIUM—10% strontium chloride + PBM. All groups received tooth bleaching treatment with 35% hydrogen peroxide. For the PBM treatment, the laser tip was positioned in the apical and cervical regions of the teeth bleached in the respective hemi-arch. The laser system was operated in continuous mode, using 1.7 J of energy. A dose of 60 J/cm2 was applied to each point for 16 seconds under 808 nm near-infrared light (100mW of power), with a point area of 0.028 cm2. TS was assessed during a 21-day follow-up, using the modified visual analogue scale. Results In the intragroup assessment, the Friedman test indicated that PBM + STRONTIUM promoted the greatest reduction in TS after the second week of treatment (p ≤ 0.05). The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test indicated that the groups Placebo + PBM, STRONTIUM, and STRONTIUM + PBM did not differ statistically (p ≥ 0.05) in the first and third weeks of treatment The group PLACEBO exhibited the greatest TS in the first three days after each bleaching session. Conclusion The combination of 10% strontium chloride with PBM was effective in reducing post-bleaching TS; however, the combination of 10% strontium chloride with PBM was effective in reducing post-bleaching TS; however, it did not differ from the individual use of Placebo + PBM or STRONTIUM groups assessed after 21 days of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cecy Martins Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of the Federal University of Pará, Belem, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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C. de Silva C, de M. Alencar C, de Paula BLF, de A. Jassé FF, Araújo JLN, Silva CM. Photobiomodulation vs. Placebo on Post-Bleaching Sensitivity and Color Change: A Split-Mouth Clinical Study. Open Dent J 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210602014010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective:
This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of Photobiomodulation (PBM) with low-level LASER therapy compared to placebo in post-bleaching sensitivity and color change during a three-week office bleaching treatment.
Methods:
A split-mouth model was used to evaluate 21 subjects. The right and left hemi-archs were randomized to one of two groups: GP (placebo): simulated LASER application followed by tooth bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide; and GL: treated with PBM followed by tooth bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide. A four-degree modified Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to assess tooth sensitivity after the application of an evaporative stimulus (stimulated pain). In addition, a daily questionnaire was used to measure unstimulated pain. The color change was measured using a spectrophotometer. The Friedman and Wilcoxon tests were used to analyze data sensitivity. Color results were statistically analyzed using Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey post-hoc test.
Results:
There was no significant difference between GP and GL for stimulated pain evaluation (p> 0.05). However, there was a significant difference between the groups for unstimulated pain evaluation (p≤ 0.05). In addition, ΔE data did not reveal any significant difference in tooth color between groups at any time (p> 0.05).
Conclusion:
PBM prevented post-bleaching sensitivity compared to placebo, based on the daily pain assessment questionnaires. PBM did not compromise the quality of bleaching treatments.
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Terayama AM, Benetti F, de Araújo Lopes JM, Barbosa JG, Silva IJP, Sivieri-Araújo G, Briso ALF, Cintra LTA. Influence of low-level laser therapy on inflammation, collagen fiber maturation, and tertiary dentin deposition in the pulp of bleached teeth. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3911-3921. [PMID: 32198660 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) using an infrared laser (IRL) and a red laser (RL) on the pulp of molar teeth in rats after dental bleaching to assess inflammation, collagen fiber maturation, and tertiary dentin formation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus, albinus) were randomly divided into eight groups with 10 hemimaxillae in each of the following: control; bleached (Ble, 35% hydrogen peroxide [H2O2]); Ble-1IRL and Ble-1RL (one IRL [808 nm, 30 s, 3 J] or RL [660 nm, 15 s, 1.5 J] application immediately after H2O2); Ble-3IRL and Ble-3RL (three [immediately, 24 h, and 48 h] IRL or RL applications after H2O2); and 3IRL and 3RL (three IRL or RL applications without bleaching). The rats were euthanized after 2 and 30 days for histological evaluation of inflammation (hematoxylin-eosin) and maturation of collagen fibers (picrosirius red). Additionally, the dentin deposition in the specimens obtained at 30 days was quantified via microtomography of the pulp chamber volume. Statistical analyses were performed (P < 0.05). RESULTS Initially, severe damages to the pulp were observed in the Ble and Ble-1RL groups. Ble-1IRL and Ble-3RL groups showed lower inflammation. The bleached groups had a greater amount of mature collagen fibers than the control group. The Ble-3IRL group had a greater number of immature fibers than the Ble group. At 30 days, there was an absence of inflammation and equal proportion of mature and immature collagen fibers. All bleached groups showed a reduction in the volume of the pulp chamber. CONCLUSION Three consecutive applications of RL and one IRL application can minimize damage to the pulp of bleached teeth, whereas three IRL applications can minimize pulp fibrosis. However, LLLT did not prevent deposition of tertiary dentin. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study describes LLLT protocols capable of minimizing inflammation and maturation of collagen fibers in pulp tissue after dental bleaching. However, the protocols proved insufficient for reducing the formation of tertiary dentin in bleached teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Miyuki Terayama
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Francine Benetti
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.,Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Gustavo Sivieri-Araújo
- Endodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Fraga Briso
- Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
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