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Li X, Liang S, Inokoshi M, Zhao S, Hong G, Yao C, Huang C. Different surface treatments and adhesive monomers for zirconia-resin bonds: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2024; 60:175-189. [PMID: 38938474 PMCID: PMC11208804 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2024.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This review examined the efficacy of surface treatments and adhesive monomers for enhancing zirconia-resin bond strength. A comprehensive literature search in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library yielded relevant in vitro studies. Employing pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analyses, 77 articles meeting inclusion criteria were analyzed. Gas plasma was found to be ineffective, while treatments including air abrasion, silica coating, laser, selective infiltration etching, hot etching showed varied effectiveness. Air abrasion with finer particles (25-53 µm) showed higher immediate bond strength than larger particles (110-150 µm), with no significant difference post-aging. The Rocatec silica coating system outperformed the CoJet system in both immediate and long-term bond strength. Adhesives containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) were superior to other acidic monomers. The application of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and silane did not improve bonding performance. Notably, 91.2 % of bonds weakened after aging, but this effect was less pronounced with air abrasion or silica coating. The findings highlight the effectiveness of air abrasion, silica coating, selective infiltration etching, hot etching, and laser treatment in improving bond strength, with 10-MDP in bonding agents enhancing zirconia bonding efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shengjie Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Masanao Inokoshi
- Department of Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1–5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113–8549, Japan
| | - Shikai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Guang Hong
- Liaison Center for Innovative Dentistry, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Chenmin Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Cui Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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Abdulrahman DM, Sherief DI, El-Korashy DI. Effect of different surface treatments on the bonding potential and physical and mechanical properties of ultratranslucent zirconia. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 132:219-228. [PMID: 35850873 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Studies to determine a suitable surface treatment that improves bonding without compromising the strength or translucency of ultratranslucent zirconia are scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on translucency, surface topography, phase transformation, biaxial flexural strength, bond strength, and durability. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 169 ultratranslucent zirconia disks were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the surface treatment applied: airborne-particle abrasion (APA) (n=46), tribochemical silica airborne-particle abrasion (TS) (n=46), nonthermal oxygen plasma (NTP) (n=46), and no treatment, control (C) (n=31). The translucency parameter (ΔTP00) was evaluated with a spectrophotometer (n=15), phase transformation was assessed with an X-ray diffractometer (n=5), surface topography was evaluated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (n=3), and biaxial flexural strength (BFS) was tested with a universal testing machine (n=15). For the microshear bond strength (μSBS) test, 40 composite resin specimens were attached to 8 disks and tested with a universal testing machine; 20 specimens were tested after 24 hours, and 20 specimens after hydrothermal aging in a thermocycler (TC). The data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test (α=.05). Weibull analysis was performed for the flexural strength and μSBS results. RESULTS Significant ΔTP00 differences were found among all groups and were highest for the APA group (7.33) and lowest for the NTP group (4.79). The NTP group had a significantly higher monoclinic weight fraction value (4.54%) than other groups. The NTP group had significantly higher BFS (581.31) than other groups, while the APA group showed significantly lower values than other groups (340.43). The APA group had significantly higher μSBS values after 24 hours (13.51 MPa) and after TC (13.68 MPa) than the other groups (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Although APA and TS are effective techniques for improving resin-zirconia bonding, they result in significantly higher deterioration of translucency and strength. NTP significantly improved the BFS of zirconia; however, it showed lower bond strength values than other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa M Abdulrahman
- Graduate student, Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Dalia I Sherief
- Professor of Dental Biomaterials, Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia I El-Korashy
- Professor of Dental Biomaterials, Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Bömicke W, Schwindling FS, Rammelsberg P, Rues S. Bond Strength of Milled and Printed Zirconia to 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl Dihydrogen Phosphate (10-MDP) Resin Cement as a Function of Ceramic Conditioning, Disinfection and Ageing. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2159. [PMID: 38730965 PMCID: PMC11085335 DOI: 10.3390/ma17092159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the suitability of printed zirconia (ZrO2) for adhesive cementation compared to milled ZrO2. Surface conditioning protocols and disinfection effects on bond strength were also investigated. ZrO2 discs (n = 14/group) underwent either alumina (Al2O3) airborne particle abrasion (APA; 50 µm, 0.10 MPa) or tribochemical silicatisation (TSC; 110 µm Al2O3, 0.28 MPa and 110 µm silica-modified Al2O3, 0.28 MPa), followed by disinfection (1 min immersion in 70% isopropanol, 15 s water spray, 10 s drying with oil-free air) for half of the discs. A resin cement containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP) was used for bonding (for TSC specimens after application of a primer containing silane and 10-MDP). Tensile bond strength was measured after storage for 24 h at 100% relative humidity or after 30 days in water, including 7500 thermocycles. Surface conditioning significantly affected bond strength, with higher values for TSC specimens. Ageing and the interaction of conditioning, disinfection and ageing also impacted bond strength. Disinfection combined with APA mitigated ageing-related bond strength decrease but exacerbated it for TSC specimens. Despite these effects, high bond strengths were maintained even after disinfection and ageing. Adhesive cementation of printed ZrO2 restorations exhibited comparable bond strengths to milled ZrO2, highlighting its feasibility in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Bömicke
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (P.R.); (S.R.)
| | | | - Peter Rammelsberg
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (P.R.); (S.R.)
| | - Stefan Rues
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (P.R.); (S.R.)
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Brown T, Kee E, Xu X, Chapple A, Stamitoles C, Armbruster P, Ballard RW. Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to high-translucent dental zirconia with different surface treatments: An in vitro study. Int Orthod 2024; 22:100822. [PMID: 37992472 DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2023.100822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to compare the shear bond strengths of orthodontic brackets bonded to translucent dental zirconia samples which are anatomically accurate and treated with various surface treatments. METHODS This in vitro study included 156 samples from 3 brands of high-translucent zirconia split into a control group and 4 surface treatment groups: 9.6% hydrofluoric acid etching, 50-micron aluminium oxide particle air abrasion, and 30-micron tribochemical silica coating (TBS) particle air abrasion with and without silane application. After surface treatment, all groups were primed with a 10-MDP primer and bonded to metal orthodontic brackets. Shear bond strength (SBS) was tested and results were compared between all groups. Data analysis consisted of a balanced two-factor factorial ANOVA, a Shapiro-Wilks test, and a non-parametric permutation test. The significance level was set at 0.05. RESULTS Among all surface treatments, aluminium oxide particle abrasion produced significantly higher SBS (P≤0.002). Lava™ Plus zirconia samples had significantly higher SBS than Cercon® samples (P<0.0001). TBS surface treatment produced significantly higher SBS on Lava™ Plus samples than it did on the other zirconia brands (P=0.032). CONCLUSIONS This study indicated that mechanical abrasion using aluminium oxide in combination with a 10-MDP primer creates a higher SBS to high-translucent zirconia than the bond created by tribochemical silica coating. Also, there was no significant difference in ARI regardless of zirconia brand or surface preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Brown
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, LSU Health-New Orleans, 1100 Florida Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Edwin Kee
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, LSU Health-New Orleans, 1100 Florida Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Biology, School of Dentistry, LSU Health-New Orleans, 1100 Florida Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Andrew Chapple
- Department of Interdisciplinary Oncology, School of Medicine, LSU Health Sciences Center, 733 Bolivar St, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Charles Stamitoles
- School of Dentistry, LSU Health-New Orleans, 1100 Florida Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Paul Armbruster
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, LSU Health-New Orleans, 1100 Florida Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA
| | - Richard W Ballard
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, LSU Health-New Orleans, 1100 Florida Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70119, USA.
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Soares PM, da Rosa LS, Pilecco RO, Pereira GKR, Dal Piva AMDO, Tribst JPM, Valandro LF, Kleverlaan CJ, Rippe MP. Cyclic fatigue of a repaired 4 YSZ ceramic: Effect of the repair protocol on the adhesive and mechanical behavior. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23709. [PMID: 38187296 PMCID: PMC10767202 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on the morphology, shear bond, and flexural fatigue strength of a repaired translucent zirconia. Methods Monolithic disc-shaped specimens of translucent zirconia were prepared and ground to simulate repair areas. Four groups underwent different treatments: Air-MDP (air-abrasion with alumina particles and 10-MDP primer), Si-Sil (silica-coated alumina particles with MDP-containing silane), Si-MDP (silica coating with 10-MDP primer), and Uni adhe (universal adhesive). After roughness measurements and treatments, repairs were done using resin composite. Shear bond and flexural (n = 15) fatigue tests were performed. Surface topography, interfacial analysis, fractographic, and finite element analysis were conducted. Results The zirconia roughness was similar between the groups, however, the surface topography was modified according to the surface treatments. Si-Sil generated higher and more stable bond strength values (20.69 MPa) between translucent zirconia and resin composite when compared to Uni adhe (15.75 MPa) considering the fatigue bond strength scenario, while it was similar to Si-MDP (17.70 MPa) and Air-MDP (18.97 MPa). Regarding the mechanical behavior, Si-Sil (680.83 MPa) also showed higher and significantly different fatigue strength when compared to Uni adhe (584.55 MPa), while both were similar to Si-MDP (634.22 MPa) and Air-MDP (641.86 MPa). Conclusion The association of mechanical and chemical approaches is essential for long-term bond strength and optimized mechanical behavior, being air-abrasion protocols and the use of silane and/or MDP-based primers suitable for zirconia repair protocols. It was found that relying solely on a universal adhesive was not as effective as other options available. Clinical significance The surface treatment of repair protocols affects translucent zirconia's morphology. To enhance fatigue behavior in repaired monolithic zirconia, air abrasion is crucial. Exclusive use of a universal adhesive is less effective than other choices. A primer containing silane/MDP holds the potential for stable bond strength and optimized mechanical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Machado Soares
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Lucas Saldanha da Rosa
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Oliveira Pilecco
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Amanda Maria de Oliveira Dal Piva
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, North Holland, the Netherlands
| | - João Paulo Mendes Tribst
- Department of Reconstructive Oral Care, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, North Holland, the Netherlands
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, North Holland, the Netherlands
| | - Marilia Pivetta Rippe
- Post-Graduate Program in Oral Sciences, Center for Development of Advanced Materials, Division of Prosthodontics-Biomaterials, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Brazil
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Rigos AE, Sarafidou K, Kontonasaki E. Zirconia bond strength durability following artificial aging: A systematic review and meta-analysis of in vitro studies. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2023; 59:138-159. [PMID: 37274447 PMCID: PMC10238491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study systematically reviewed the literature regarding the bond strength durability of zirconia ceramics to resin-based luting cements after application of different bonding protocols and aging conditions. Electronic searches in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were performed for relevant literature published between January 1st 2015 and November 15th 2022. Ninety-three (93) English language in-vitro studies were included. The percentage of the mean bond strength change was recorded prior to and after artificial aging, and the weighted mean values and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. Bonding protocols were classified based on the combination of MDP/non-MDP containing cement/primer and surface pretreatment, as well as the level of artificial aging performed. Alumina sandblasting (SA) was identified as the most frequently used surface pre-treatment while an insufficient number of studies was identified for each category of alternative surface treatments. The combination of MDP cement with tribochemical silica coating (TSC) or SA yielded more durable results after aging, while the application of SA and TSC improved bond durability when a non-MDP cement and a non-MDP primer were used. TSC may lead to increased bond durability compared to SA, whereas MDP cements may act similarly when combined with SA or TSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios E. Rigos
- Resident, Graduate Prosthodontics, Texas A&M School of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Katia Sarafidou
- Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleana Kontonasaki
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece
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Du Q, Cui T, Niu G, Qui J, Yang B. Improving Bond Strength of Translucent Zirconia Through Surface Treatment With SiO2-ZrO2 Coatings. Oper Dent 2023; 48:666-676. [PMID: 37961015 DOI: 10.2341/22-121-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Translucent monolithic zirconia ceramics have been applied in dental clinics due to their esthetic translucent formulations and mechanical properties. Considering inherent ceramic brittleness, adhesive bonding with resin composite increases the fracture resistance of ceramic restorations. However, zirconia is a chemically stable material that is difficult to adhesively bond with resin. OBJECTIVES To investigate the influences of SiO2-ZrO2 coatings on adhesive bonding of zirconia and the surface characterization of those coatings. METHODS AND MATERIALS Translucent zirconia discs were classified into groups based on surface treatments: CT (control), SB (sandblasting), C21(SiO2:ZrO2=2:1), C11(SiO2:ZrO2=1:1), and C12 (SiO2:ZrO2=1:2) (n=10). Surface characterization of coatings on zirconia were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), surface roughness assessment (Ra), X-ray diffraction (XRD), water contact angle (WCA), translucency parameter (TP), and shear bond strength (SBS). Two-way ANOVA for shear bond strength results and ANOVA for Ra and WCA were performed. RESULTS SEM images revealed SiO2 islands on zirconia disks coated with SiO2-ZrO2. Surface roughness of C12, C11, and C21 groups was significantly larger than those of groups SB and CT (p<0.05). XRD results showed that phase transformation of zirconia disks was detected only in the SB group. In addition, SiO2-ZrO2 coatings reduced WCA. The translucency decreased only in group C21. Group C11 showed the highest shear bond strength under both aging conditions. CONCLUSION SiO2-ZrO2 coating is a promising method to enhance the adhesive resin bonding of translucent zirconia without causing phase transformation of translucent zirconia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Du
- †Qiao Du, DDS, Department of Stomatology, Beijing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - T Cui
- †Tiehan Cui, DDS, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - G Niu
- *Guangliang Niu, DDS, Department of Stomatology,Beijing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - J Qui
- *Jiaxuan Qui, DDS, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - B Yang
- *Bin Yang, DDS, Restorative Department, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
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Silva NR, Araújo GD, Moura D, Araújo LD, Gurgel BDV, Melo RM, Bottino MA, Özcan M, Zhang Y, Souza R. Clinical Performance of Minimally Invasive Monolithic Ultratranslucent Zirconia Veneers: A Case Series up to Five Years of Follow-up. Oper Dent 2023; 48:606-617. [PMID: 37961016 DOI: 10.2341/22-118-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack of reports in the literature on the long-term clinical performance of ultratranslucent zirconia, especially considering its use in manufacturing monolithic veneers. The purpose of this case series is to describe the aesthetic treatment steps of three patients with minimally invasive ultratranslucent zirconia veneers and to report the clinical findings up to five years. Three patients (woman: 2, man: 1; mean age: 30 years) unsatisfied with their dental aesthetics sought dental treatment. The treatment plan involved cementing ultratranslucent zirconia veneers. Air-abrasion was performed on the internal surface of zirconia with alumina particles coated by silica (silicatization), followed by silane and adhesive applications for the adhesive cementation. All veneers were adhesively cemented to enamel with resin cement (Variolink Esthetic, Ivoclar). The patients were clinically evaluated annually considering the Ryge modified/ California Dental Association criteria. After a mean follow-up of 4.33 years (4-5 years), a survival rate of 100% was detected for the 28 minimally invasive ultratranslucent zirconia veneers cemented in the 3 patients. There were no absolute failures such as debonding, veneer fracture, or secondary caries. Superficial marginal discoloration was observed in one element (maxillary left lateral incisor) of one patient. Ultratranslucent zirconia is a viable option for manufacturing veneers due to its excellent clinical performance and longevity. However, further long-term clinical studies are essential to consolidate this material as an option for esthetic restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- N R Silva
- Nathalia Ramos Silva, DDs, MSc, PhD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Brazil
| | - Gm de Araújo
- Gabriela Monteiro de Araújo, DDs, MSc, PhD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Brazil
| | - Dmd Moura
- Dayanne Monteiro Duarte Moura, DDS, MSc, PhD, professor, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Brazil
| | - Lnm de Araújo
- Lidya Nara Marques de Araújo, DDs, MSc, PhD, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Brazil
| | - Bc de Vasconcelos Gurgel
- Bruno César de Vasconcelos Gurgel, DDs, MSc, PhD, professor, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Brazil
| | - R M Melo
- Renata Marques Melo, DDS, MSc, PhD, professor, São Paulo State University (UNESP/SJP), Brazil
| | - M A Bottino
- Marco Antonio Bottino, DDs, MSc, PhD, professor, São Paulo State University (UNESP/SJP), Brazil
| | - M Özcan
- Mutlu Özcan, DDs, MSc, PhD, professor, University of Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Y Zhang
- Yu Zhang, DDs, MSc, PhD, professor, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Roa Souza
- *Rodrigo Othavio Assunção Souza, DDS, MSc, PhD, professor, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Brazil
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Alrabeah G, Alomar S, Almutairi A, Alali H, ArRejaie A. Analysis of the effect of thermocycling on bonding cements to zirconia. Saudi Dent J 2023; 35:734-740. [PMID: 37817783 PMCID: PMC10562092 DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of thermocycling on shear bond strength (SBS) of several resin cement materials to different types of zirconia dental ceramics. Materials and Methods 120 square shaped disc specimens were fabricated using two types of zirconia blocks (Sagemax and Sirona). Each zirconia group was divided into three sub-groups based on the resin cement bonded to the specimens. Three different self-adhesive resin cements were used (Calibra, Breeze and RelyX). The specimens were further grouped into experimental and control groups (n = 10). The experimental specimens were exposed to a thermo-cycling protocol of 1500 cycles in water bath at 5c and 55c. Specimens were then stored at 37c for 24 h then all specimens underwent SBS test with an Instron machine. Mode of failure was inspected visually and microscopically. Data were statistically analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance followed by one-way analysis of variance, Tukey's multiple comparison test, student's t-test for independent samples were used to compare the mean values of SBS in relation to the categorical study variables. Results The mean SBS values of experimental groups were significantly lower than control groups for all the 6 combinations of Zirconia and cement types (p < 0.0001). The higher mean difference (14.29 MPa) was observed in the combination of Sagemax and Rely-X. Rely-X displayed the highest SBS among all the cements while no significant difference was found in mean SBS values of Calibra and Breez cements in all groups. The mean SBS values of Sagemax zirconia were significantly higher than the Sirona with all three types of cements (p < 0.0001) within control groups. Microscopic and visual analysis demonstrated a majority of adhesive mode of failure. Conclusion Thermocycling significantly reduced the SBS between the zirconia materials and self-adhesive resin cements tested. The amount of reduction varies according to cement and zirconia types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Alrabeah
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadeem Alomar
- Dental Interns, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azizah Almutairi
- Dental Interns, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafsah Alali
- Dental Interns, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aws ArRejaie
- Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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10
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Mosele JC, Oliveira AR, Pizzolatto G, Benetti P, Borba M. Failure behavior of zirconia crowns subjected to air abrasion with different particle sizes. Braz Dent J 2023; 34:71-79. [PMID: 36888847 PMCID: PMC10027107 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202304998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the failure behavior of 3 mol.% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (3Y-TZP) prosthetic crowns air-abraded with aluminum oxide (AO) particles of different sizes. Ninety ceramic premolar crowns were produced with 3Y-TZP frameworks veneered with porcelain. Crowns were randomly divided into three groups, according to the size of the air abrasion AO particles (n = 30): (GC) untreated (control); (G53) 53 µm; (G125) 125 µm. Air abrasion was performed with 0.25 mpa pressure, 10-mm distance, for 10 s. Crowns were adhesively cemented to dentin analog abutments. Specimens were loaded in compression to failure, in 37oC distilled water, using a universal testing machine (n = 30). Fractographic analysis was performed using a stereomicroscope and SEM. The roughness of the crown's inner surface was evaluated using an optical profilometer (n = 10). Fracture load data were statistically analyzed with Weibull analysis and roughness data with Kruskal-Wallis (α = 0.05). GC had the lowest characteristic fracture load (L0), while G53 and G125 had higher and statistically similar L0 values. The Weibull modulus (m) was similar among groups. The failure modes observed were catastrophic failure and porcelain chipping. There were no differences between the roughness parameters for the experimental groups (p > 0.05). The size of the AO particles did not affect the fracture load and failure mode of 3Y-TZP crowns. Air abrasion with 53 µm and 125 µm particles resulted in a higher fracture load of ceramic crowns than the untreated group while maintaining their reliability and surface characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Cézar Mosele
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo(UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Andressa Restani Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo(UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Pizzolatto
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo(UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Paula Benetti
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo(UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcia Borba
- Graduate Program in Dentistry, Dental School, University of Passo Fundo(UPF), Passo Fundo, RS, Brazil
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11
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Raszewski Z, Brząkalski D, Derpeński Ł, Jałbrzykowski M, Przekop RE. Aspects and Principles of Material Connections in Restorative Dentistry-A Comprehensive Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7131. [PMID: 36295194 PMCID: PMC9605403 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The combination of two dissimilar materials has always been a serious problem in dentistry. In order to meet this challenge, it is necessary to combine both chemical methods (treatment with silanes, (meth)acrylic functional monomers) and the development of the surface of the joined material in a physical way, e.g., by sandblasting with alumina, alumina with silica, acid etching, the use of lasers and other means. The purpose of this literature review is to present all methods of joining dental composites with other materials such as ceramics, metal, another composite material. This review covers articles published within the period 2012-2022 in journals indexed in the PubMed database, written in English and describing joining different dental materials to each other. All the critical steps of new joint preparation have been addressed, including proper cleaning of the joint surface, the application of appropriate primers capable of forming a chemical bond between ceramics, zirconium oxide or metals and alloys, and finally, the application of new composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dariusz Brząkalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Derpeński
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marek Jałbrzykowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Robert E. Przekop
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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Abstract
Resin-bonded ceramic restorations are common treatment options. Clinical longevity of resin-bonded ceramic restorations depends on the quality and durability of the resin-ceramic bond. The type and composition of the specific ceramic determines the selection of the most effective bonding protocol. Such protocol typically includes a surface pretreatment step followed by application of a priming agent. Understanding of fundamental ceramic properties and chemical compositions enables the clinician to make proper material selection decisions for clinically successful and long-lasting restorations. Based on research accrued over the past decades, this article reviews and discusses current resin-bonding protocols to most commonly used dental ceramics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus B Blatz
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Julian Conejo
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Amirah Alammar
- Sijam Medical Center, Northern Ring Road, Alghadeer District, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jose Ayub
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, University of Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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13
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Adhesive Cementation of Zirconia Based Ceramics-Surface Modification Methods Literature Review. COATINGS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings12081067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: The conditioning procedures for glass-based ceramic restorations before adhesive cementation are generally recognized. In the case of polycrystalline ceramics, which include zirconium oxide, there is still no standardized protocol. The aim of this work was to present conditioning methods of the cementation surface of zirconium oxide fixed dentures. The new generation high translucency zirconia has been also considered. Material and method: The following keywords for the PUBMED and EMBASE databases were used: zirconium oxide, zirconium oxide with increased translucency, bond strength, bending strength, surface treatment. The inclusion criteria were original papers in English published between 2015–2021. Results: Out of 1537 publications, 53 articles were selected for the study, covering methods of conditioning zirconium ceramics, including new materials with increased translucency. These procedures were divided into 5 main groups. Summary: Due to the widespread use of zirconia ceramics and the introduction of new zirconia-based materials, the use of a predictable and standardized cementation protocol is one of the most important factors contributing to the long-term clinical success of prosthetic restorations. Therefore, the research showed differences in the properties of the covered materials after conditioning. It suggests the need to create separate conditioning protocols for highly translucent and traditional zirconia.
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Alammar A, Blatz MB. The resin bond to high‐translucent zirconia—A systematic review. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2022; 34:117-135. [DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amirah Alammar
- Sijam Medical Center, Private Practice Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Markus B. Blatz
- School of Dental Medicine, Department of Preventive and Restorative Sciences University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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Prospective Clinical Evaluation of Posterior Third-Generation Monolithic Zirconia Crowns Fabricated with Complete Digital Workflow: Two-Year Follow-Up. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15020672. [PMID: 35057389 PMCID: PMC8780337 DOI: 10.3390/ma15020672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Clinical studies on the behavior of posterior translucent monolithic zirconia restorations are lacking. We assessed the clinical outcome and survival rate of posterior third-generation monolithic zirconia crowns over a 2-year period. A total of 24 patients, requiring 30 posterior full-contour restorations were selected. All abutments were scanned, and crowns were milled and cemented with a self-adhesive dual cure cement. Crowns were assessed using the California Dental Association’s criteria. Gingival status was assessed by evaluating the gingival index, plaque index, periodontal probing depth of the abutments and control teeth, and the margin index of the abutment teeth. Statistical analyses were performed using the Friedman and the Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. During the 2-year follow-up, no biological or mechanical complications were observed, and the survival and success rate was 100%. All restorations ranked as satisfactory throughout the follow-up period. The gingival index and plaque index were worse at the end of the 2-year follow-up. The margin index was stable during the 2 years of clinical service. No significant differences were recorded in periodontal parameters between crowns and control teeth. Third-generation monolithic zirconia could be a reliable alternative to posterior metal–ceramic and second-generation monolithic zirconia posterior crowns.
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Chatterjee N, Ghosh A. Current scenario on adhesion to zirconia; surface pretreatments and resin cements: A systematic review. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2022; 22:13-20. [PMID: 36510943 PMCID: PMC8884347 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_478_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Several methods have been proposed to increase bonding of zirconia with resin. However, we are still to find the Holy Grail. A systematic literature review was performed through PubMed on international literature from January 2000 to May 2021 with relevant Medical Subject Headings terms. 56 articles were found to be relevant. Of all the different methods proposed, mechanochemical pretreatment of zirconia surface with alumina oxide and use of 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate were found to be most effective as per majority of studies. New methods that require further research also surfaced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmalya Chatterjee
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India,Address for correspondence: Dr. Nirmalya Chatterjee, Eden Royale, Flat 3B, 1588 Nayabad Avenue, Kolkata - 700 094, West Bengal, India. E-mail:
| | - Amrita Ghosh
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Dr. R. Ahmed Dental College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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YE XY, LIU MY, LI J, LIU XQ, LIAO Y, ZHAN LL, ZHU XM, LI HP, TAN J. Effects of cold atmospheric plasma treatment on resin bonding to high-translucency zirconia ceramics. Dent Mater J 2022; 41:896-904. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi YE
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
| | - Ming-Yue LIU
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
| | - Jing LI
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University
| | - Xiao-Qiang LIU
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
| | - Yu LIAO
- Department of General Dentistry II, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
| | - Ling-Lu ZHAN
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration
| | - Xiao-Ming ZHU
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
| | - He-Ping LI
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University
| | - Jianguo TAN
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
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Eldafrawy M, Bekaert S, Nguyen JF, Sadoun M, Mainjot A. Bonding properties of third-generation zirconia CAD-CAM blocks for monolithic restorations to composite and resin-modified glass-ionomer cements. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 66:466-475. [PMID: 34853211 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_21_00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the interfacial fracture toughness (IFT) of two MDP-based composite cements and a resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (RMGIC) with third-generation zirconia CAD-CAM restorations using two different airborne-particle abrasion (AB) pressures. METHODS Blocks were cut into prisms (n=60), split and sintered to the desired equilateral half prisms. Half-prisms were divided into two groups for AB at 0.5 or 2.5 bar with 50 µm Al2O3 particles. Each group was then further divided into 3 subgroups, and half-prisms were bonded to their counterparts with Panavia V5 (V5), Panavia Self Adhesive Cement Plus (SA), or RMGIC Fuji Plus (n=10/group). The IFT was determined using the Notchless Triangular Prism test in a water bath at 36°C after thermocycling (10,000 cycles). Surface roughness and SEM analyses were performed for representative zirconia samples after AB, and composite cements were tested for flexural strength and wettability. RESULTS SA (2.5 bar) showed a significantly higher IFT. The 3 other groups with SA and V5 showed no significant difference in their IFT values regardless of the AB pressure (1-way ANOVA). Weibull analysis of SA was higher than V5. All RMGIC samples debonded while thermocycling, and were, therefore, not included in the statistical analysis. Surface roughness increased with increasing AB pressure, and both cements showed similar flexural strength values and good wettability. CONCLUSION Contrary to RMGIC, composite cements show high performance with zirconia after AB. Increasing AB pressure enhances the micromechanical retention of composite cement. Future perspectives should include study of the effect of AB pressure on zirconia surface properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Eldafrawy
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Bekaert
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium.,Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Nguyen
- UFR d'Odontologie, Université de Paris, Paris, France.,PSL Research University, Chimie ParisTech-CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Amélie Mainjot
- Dental Biomaterials Research Unit (d-BRU), Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège (ULiège), Liège, Belgium.,Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Liège Hospital (CHU), Liège, Belgium
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19
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Phase Transformations and Subsurface Changes in Three Dental Zirconia Grades after Sandblasting with Various Al 2O 3 Particle Sizes. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14185321. [PMID: 34576556 PMCID: PMC8470423 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although sandblasting is mainly used to improve bonding between dental zirconia and resin cement, the details on the in-depth damages are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate phase transformations and subsurface changes after sandblasting in three different dental zirconia (3, 4, and 5 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia; 3Y-TZP, 4Y-PSZ, and 5Y-PSZ). Zirconia specimens (14.0 × 14.0 × 1.0 mm3) were sandblasted using different alumina particle sizes (25, 50, 90, 110, and 125 µm) under 0.2 MPa for 10 s/cm2. Phase transformations and residual stresses were investigated using X-ray diffraction and the Williamson-Hall method. Subsurface damages were evaluated with cross-sections by a focused ion beam. Stress field during sandblasting was simulated by the finite element method. The subsurface changes after sandblasting were the emergence of a rhombohedral phase, micro/macro cracks, and compressive/tensile stresses depending on the interactions between blasting particles and zirconia substrates. 3Y-TZP blasted with 110-µm particles induced the deepest transformed layer with the largest compressive stress. The cracks propagated parallel to the surface with larger particles, being located up to 4.5 µm under the surface in 4Y- or 5Y-PSZ subgroups. The recommended sandblasting particles were 110 µm for 3Y-TZP and 50 µm for 4Y-PSZ or 5Y-PSZ for compressive stress-induced phase transformations without significant subsurface damages.
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Schubert J, Kirkpatrick T, Roberts H. The effect of endodontic access preparation on the failure load resistance of a 3Y-TZP monolithic zirconia crown. AUST ENDOD J 2021; 48:138-143. [PMID: 34258848 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effect of endodontic access preparation on the failure load resistance of 3Y-TZP zirconia crowns was accomplished by preparing human molars and luting monolithic zirconia crowns with a self-adhesive resin cement. Besides the intact control, teeth received endodontic access preparations and then grouped (n = 12) into a positive control (no access repair), dentin core replacement only and complete access repair groups. Specimens were axially tested until failure with results of no significant difference between the failure load of intact controls and the complete access repair group. However, the positive control and dentin replacement only groups failed at significantly lower loads. Under the conditions of this study, there was no significant failure load difference between 3Y-TZP monolithic zirconia crowns with repaired endodontic access preparations to that evidenced by an unprepared control. Although this evidence is encouraging, caution is advised and definitive recommendations cannot be made until verified by clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Howard Roberts
- University of Kentucky College of Dentistry, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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21
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Adhesion to Zirconia: A Systematic Review of Surface Pretreatments and Resin Cements. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112751. [PMID: 34067501 PMCID: PMC8196946 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review aims to evaluate the different pretreatments of the zirconia surface and resin cement in order to determine a valid operative protocol for adhesive cementation. Methodologies conducted for this study followed the Prisma (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guidelines. An electronic search was performed in four databases. The established focus question was: “What type of surface conditioning method is the one that obtains the best adhesion values to zirconia over time by applying a resin cement?” Forty-five relevant papers were found to qualify for final inclusion. In total, 260 different surface pretreatment methods, mainly combinations of air-abrasion protocols and adhesive promoters, were investigated. Altogether, the use of two artificial aging methods, three types of cement and four testing methods was reported. The results showed that mechanicochemical surface pretreatments offered the best adhesive results. Self-adhesive cement and those containing 10-MDP obtained the best results in adhesion to zirconia. Artificial aging reduced adhesion, so storage in water for 30 days or thermocycling for 5000 cycles is recommended. A standardized adhesive protocol has not been established due to a lack of evidence
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22
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Su Z, Li M, Zhang L, Wang C, Zhang L, Xu J, Fu B. A novel porous silica-zirconia coating for improving bond performance of dental zirconia. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2021; 22:214-222. [PMID: 33719226 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2000448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To coat a zirconia surface with silica-zirconia using a dip-coating technique and evaluate its effect on resin-zirconia shear bond strength (SBS). METHODS A silica-zirconia suspension was prepared and used to coat a zirconia surface using a dip-coating technique. One hundred and eighty-nine zirconia disks were divided into three groups according to their different surface treatments (polishing, sandblasting, and silica-zirconia coating). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to analyze the differently treated zirconia surfaces. Different primer treatments (Monobond N, Z-PRIME Plus, and no primer) were also applied to the zirconia surfaces. Subsequently, 180 composite resin cylinders (Filtek Z350) were cemented onto the zirconia disks with resin cement (RelyX Ultimate). The SBS was measured after water storage for 24 h or 6 months. The data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS SEM and EDX showed that the silica-zirconia coating produced a porous layer with additional Si, and XRD showed that only tetragonal zirconia was on the silica-zirconia-coating surface. Compared with the control group, the resin-zirconia SBSs of the sandblasting group and silica-zirconia-coating group were significantly increased (P<0.05). The silica-zirconia coating followed by the application of Monobond N produced the highest SBS (P<0.05). Water aging significantly reduced the resin-zirconia SBS (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Dip-coating with silica-zirconia might be a feasible way to improve resin-zirconia bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Su
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Chaoyang Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Leiqing Zhang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Jingqiu Xu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Baiping Fu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China.
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Novel Femto Laser Patterning of High Translucent Zirconia as an Alternative to Conventional Particle Abrasion. Dent J (Basel) 2021; 9:dj9020020. [PMID: 33567579 PMCID: PMC7915195 DOI: 10.3390/dj9020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: currently applied surface treatments for zirconia bonding may create undesired microcracks and surface flaws. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of alternative surface treatments on the shear bond strength of high translucency zirconia to 10-Methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate (MDP)-containing resin-based cement. Methods: fifty disk-shaped specimens (10 mm × 5 mm) were fabricated from a commercial yttria-stabilized zirconia with 5 mole% yttrium oxide tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (5Y-TZP), and underwent air-abrasion with alumina particles (50 μm-AL50 and 90 μm-AL90), glass beads (GB 10–60 μm), and ablation with femtosecond laser (FEMTO). Shear bond strength was evaluated with a universal testing machine under a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. Fracture type was evaluated with an optical stereomicroscope. Differences among groups were evaluated by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni pairwise comparison tests (p < 0.05). Results: the highest shear bond strength values were presented by the laser treated group (23.97 ± 3.7 MPa). No statistically significant differences were found among the Cl, Al50, Al90 and FEMTO groups. The lowest mean value was presented by the glass-beads treated group (11.93 ± 2.88 MPa) which was significantly lower compared to all other groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: under the limitations of this in vitro study, femtosecond laser treatment of High-translucent monolithic zirconia (HTZ) ceramics is a promising alternative method for the mechanical retention of resin cements.
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Effect of Al 2O 3 Sandblasting Particle Size on the Surface Topography and Residual Compressive Stresses of Three Different Dental Zirconia Grades. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14030610. [PMID: 33525702 PMCID: PMC7866047 DOI: 10.3390/ma14030610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of sandblasting particle size on the surface topography and compressive stresses of conventional zirconia (3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal; 3Y-TZP) and two highly translucent zirconia (4 or 5 mol% partially stabilized zirconia; 4Y-PSZ or 5Y-PSZ). Plate-shaped zirconia specimens (14.0 × 14.0 × 1.0 mm3, n = 60 for each grade) were sandblasted using different Al2O3 sizes (25, 50, 90, 110, and 125 μm) under 0.2 MPa for 10 s/cm2 at a 10 mm distance and a 90° angle. The surface topography was characterized using a 3-D confocal laser microscopy and inspected with a scanning electron microscope. To assess residual stresses, the tetragonal peak shift at 147 cm−1 was traced using micro-Raman spectroscopy. Al2O3 sandblasting altered surface topographies (p < 0.05), although highly translucent zirconia showed more pronounced changes compared to conventional zirconia. 5Y-PSZ abraded with 110 μm sand showed the highest Sa value (0.76 ± 0.12 μm). Larger particle induced more compressive stresses for 3Y-TZP (p < 0.05), while only 25 μm sand induced residual stresses for 5Y-PSZ. Al2O3 sandblasting with 110 μm sand for 3Y-TZP, 90 μm sand for 4Y-PSZ, and 25 μm sand for 5Y-PSZ were considered as the recommended blasting conditions.
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Hjerppe J, Perea-Lowery L, Lassila LVJ, Vallittu PK. Effect of potassium hydrogen difluoride in zirconia-to-resin bonding. Dent Mater J 2020; 40:245-252. [PMID: 33087632 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare potassium hydrogen difluoride (KHF2) etching for zirconia with commonly used surface roughening and chemical bonding methods (silane, MDP-monomer primer) for resin-based luting cement bonding to zirconia. Zirconia specimens were divided into six groups (n=10) according to surface treatment and bonding procedures, with and without thermocycling (6,000 cycles, 5-55ºC): 1) air-borne particle abrasion with alumina+MDP-monomer (ABP), 2) air-borne particle abrasion with silica-coated trialuminium trioxide+silane (ABPR-S) and 3) KHF2 etching+silane (ETC). Surface roughness and bond strength (SBS-test) for dry and thermocycled specimens were measured. SBS did not vary statistically between the dry groups, but thermocycling decreased the bond strengths of all the tested methods (p<0.05). After thermocycling, ABP had statistically significantly lower bond strength values compared to ABPR-S and ETC (p<0.05). Etching method with KHF2 did not provide better bonding capacity to previously introduced and commonly adopted bonding methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenni Hjerppe
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Stomatognathic Physiology, Institute of Dentistry University of Turku.,Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Helsinki University Hospital (HUH)
| | - Leila Perea-Lowery
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre -TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
| | - Lippo V J Lassila
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre -TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
| | - Pekka K Vallittu
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre -TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku.,City of Turku, Welfare Division
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Levartovsky S, Cartier L, Brand M, Blasbalg JJ, Pilo R. The Retentive Strength of Zirconium Oxide Crowns Cemented by Self-Adhesive Resin Cements before and after 6 Months of Aging. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13183998. [PMID: 32917039 PMCID: PMC7559412 DOI: 10.3390/ma13183998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the retentive strength of zirconium oxide (yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (Y-TZP)) crown-copings treated by combined mechanical and chemical treatments and cemented by four types of self-adhesive resin cements (SARCs) to human prepared teeth, before and after six months of aging in water and thermocycling. A total of 120 molar teeth were mounted, prepared using a standardized protocol and digitally scanned, and Y-TZP copings were produced. Teeth were randomly assigned to four SARC groups. Prior to cementation, the intaglio surfaces of all crowns were sandblasted and then coated with Z-Prime™ Plus (Bisco Dental, Schaumburg, IL, USA). Post cementation, each cement group was subdivided into aged and non-aged groups. After aging, the cemented assemblies were tested for retentive strength using a universal testing machine. Failure analysis was conducted by inspecting all matched debonded surfaces of the teeth and crowns at 3× magnification. Aging treatment did not affect the retentive strength of the Y-TZP crown-copings (p = 0.918). The interaction between cement and aging was statistically significant (p = 0.024). No significant differences in the retentive strengths between the different SARCs were observed pre-aging (p = 0.776), whereas post-aging, Panavia SA (PAN; Kuraray Dental Co Ltd., Osaka, Japan) showed significantly higher strength than RelyX U-200 (RU200; 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany). The predominant failure mode was adhesive between the cement and dentin, followed by mixed mode failure.
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Monteiro RV, Dos Santos DM, Bernardon JK, De Souza GM. Effect of surface treatment on the retention of zirconia crowns to tooth structure after aging. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2020; 32:699-706. [PMID: 32627364 DOI: 10.1111/jerd.12623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on the retention between zirconia crowns and tooth structure after in vitro aging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Human third molars (n = 44) received crown preparations and CAD/CAM zirconia crowns were manufactured. Specimens were divided into two groups: no aging, control (NAC, n = 11) or aging (A, n = 33). NAC were bonded with universal adhesive (UA). Aged specimens were divided into three subgroups (n = 11) according to surface treatment: Control: no abrasion + UA; Alumina: alumina abrasion + UA; Silica: tribochemical silica coating + UA. The crowns were cemented with dual-cure resin cement. Specimens in group A were aged by a combination of mechanical, thermal, and pH cycling. Retention strength values were obtained by tensile tests and results were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test (P < .05). RESULTS Aging decreased the retention strength in control specimens (P < .001). Surface treatment improved the retention strength of aged specimens (P < .001), with similar results between alumina and tribochemical silica coating. CONCLUSION The chemical interaction between the universal bonding system and zirconia's surface was not sufficient to withstand artificial aging. Tribochemical silica coating did not promote additional retention in comparison to alumina blasting. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The long-term retention of translucent zirconia crowns to tooth structure using phosphate-based materials is improved by means of mechanical surface treatments such as alumina blasting and tribochemical silica coating.
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