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Zamani M, Sonboli A, Goldansaz M, Mirjalili MH. In vitro micropropagation and conservation of endangered medicinal plant Nepeta asterotricha Rech.f. ( Lamiaceae): genetic fidelity, phytochemical and biological assessment. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:67-80. [PMID: 38435858 PMCID: PMC10901756 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01416-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
An efficient in vitro protocol was introduced for the conservation of Nepeta asterotricha, a vulnerable and endangered medicinal species found in the central of Iran for the first time. Growth, phytochemical, and biological traits of in vitro regenerated plant (RP) and acclimated plant (AP) were compared to the mother plant (MP). In addition, the genetic stability of AP was assessed by using inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers. The highest number of lateral branches (4.25) was obtained from the medium with 3 mg/mL kinetin (KIN), while the highest length of lateral branches (13.25 cm) was achieved on the medium culture fortified with 3 mg/mL thidiazuron (TDZ) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The highest number of leaves (20.25) and main branch length (12.25 cm) were obtained from the medium containing 3 mg/mL TDZ. The highest number of roots (46.25) and root length (2.25 cm) was measured from the medium fortified with 1 mg/mL indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 0.6 mg/mL indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), respectively. RP was successfully acclimated (85%) in vivo. Molecular analysis showed that the AP was true to the type of the MP. cis-Sabinene hydrate (26.8-57.7), 1,8-cineole (6.2-24.1), 4aα,7β,7aα-nepetalactone (4.1-12.3), and terpinene-4-ol (3.2-15.0) were the major essential oils compounds. The studied samples contained rosmarinic acid (2.55-5.97 mg/g DW), cichoric acid (1.68-12.7 mg/g DW), chlorogenic acid (1.91-64.21 mg/g DW), rutin (0.59-1.09 mg/g DW), apigenin (0.52-0.72 mg/g DW), betulinic acid (0.17-2.20 mg g DW), oleanolic acid (0.84-5.37 mg/g DW) and ursolic acid (3.46-15.70 mg/g DW). Acclimated plant exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 = 196.4 μg/mL), while the methanolic extract of MP displayed the highest antibacterial activity (MIC = 8 mg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01416-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdieh Zamani
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
| | - Ali Sonboli
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
| | - Mostafa Goldansaz
- Department of Biology, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili
- Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, 1983969411 Iran
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Alimpić Aradski A, Oalđe Pavlović M, Janošević D, Todorović S, Gašić U, Mišić D, Pljevljakušić D, Šavikin K, Marin PD, Giweli A, Duletić-Laušević S. Leaves micromorphology, chemical profile, and bioactivity of in vitro-propagated Nepeta cyrenaica (Lamiaceae). PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2023; 34:661-679. [PMID: 37387322 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The endemic species Nepeta cyrenaica Quézel & Zaffran, native to northeastern Libya, is valued as an important honey-bearing plant. OBJECTIVES This study was aimed to examine the micromorphology, phytochemistry, and bioactivity of in vitro-propagated N. cyrenaica for the first time. MATERIALS AND METHODS The leaf indumentum was examined using light and scanning electron microscopy and further characterised for histochemistry. The chemical composition of essential oil (EO) was performed using GC-MS analysis, while dichloromethane (DCM), methanol (ME), ethanol (ET), and aqueous (AQ) extracts were analysed using qualitative and quantitative LC/MS analyses. The antioxidant activities of EO and extracts were assessed using three parallel assays, while enzyme-inhibiting effects were evaluated against four enzymes. RESULTS The leaves bear various types of glandular trichomes, with lipophilic secretion predominating. The main EO component of EO was 1,8-cineole. A considerable number of phenolics and iridoids were tentatively identified in the ME extract. Quantitative LC/MS analysis confirmed that ferulic acid, rosmarinic acid, and epigallocatechin gallate were present in the highest amount in the extracts, in which three iridoids were also quantified. Although the ME extract contained the highest amount of polyphenolics and iridoids, the DCM extract showed the best overall biological potential. Additionally, EO exerted the strongest acetylcholinesterase and tyrosinase inhibition. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the endemic N. cyrenaica can be efficiently grown under in vitro conditions, where it develops various glandular trichomes that are thought to secrete and/or accumulate bioactive compounds with valuable medicinal potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Alimpić Aradski
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mariana Oalđe Pavlović
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušica Janošević
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađana Todorović
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Uroš Gašić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Mišić
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Pljevljakušić
- Institute for Medicinal Plants Research "Dr. Josif Pančić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Šavikin
- Institute for Medicinal Plants Research "Dr. Josif Pančić", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Petar D Marin
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Abdulhmid Giweli
- Faculty of Science, University of Al-Zintan, Zintan, Libya
- National Research Center for Tropical and Transboundary Diseases, Zintan, Libya
| | - Sonja Duletić-Laušević
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Botany and Botanical Garden "Jevremovac", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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Sharifi K, Sharifi A. Comparison of antibacterial and antioxidant potentials of pure and nanoemulsified Nepeta pogonosperma essential oil. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1797-1807. [PMID: 37051348 PMCID: PMC10084963 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the antiradical and antibacterial potential of pure and its nanoemulsified (NNE) Nepeta pogonosperma essential oil (PNE). Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil against two Gram-positive (E. faecalis and B. cereus) and two Gram-negative (M. catarrhalis and K. pneumonia) food-related pathogens during 60-day storage was investigated based on disc diffusion, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC). The chemical compounds of Nepeta essential oil were estimated by GC/MS. The physical properties of the nanoemulsion including polydispersity index (PDI), mean particle diameter, and viscosity were also determined. 4aα,7α,7aβ-Nepetalactone (46.31%), 1,8-cineole (23.13%), and (Z)-α-bisabolene (4.01%) were the main compounds of this essential oil. The Nepeta nanoemulsion had a mean droplet diameter of 254.07 nm, PDI of 0.281, and viscosity of 0.887 cP. NNE had stability for up to 60 days. The PNE showed a higher IC50 value than NNE (p < .05). During storage, the antiradical performance of both PNE and NNE was decreased (p < .05). However, emulsification was successful to control this decreasing trend. E. faecalis was the most susceptible bacteria to PNE and NNE, while the lowest inhibition zone was obtained for K. pneumoniae. At the first time, the antibacterial effect of PNE was more than NNE. However, over time nanoemulsion became more successful in maintaining its antibacterial effect. Overall, the incorporation of Nepeta pogonosperma essential oil into a nanoemulsion system can be a promising system to maintain the bioactivity of the essential oil for a longer time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimia Sharifi
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyQazvin BranchIslamic Azad UniversityQazvinIran
| | - Akram Sharifi
- Department of Food Science and TechnologyQazvin BranchIslamic Azad UniversityQazvinIran
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SEMİZ G, GÜNAL B, ARMAĞAN M. Essential oil composition of two endemic Nepeta L. (Lamiaceae) taxa from Southwestern Turkey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2022. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.1078429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Ertas A, Akdeniz M, Yener I, Ozturk M, Tokul Olmez O, Firat M, Kolak U. Essential Oil, Aroma, and Fatty Acid Profiles of Five Endemic Salvia Taxa from Turkey with Chemometric Analysis. Chem Biodivers 2021; 19:e202100408. [PMID: 34918462 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The essential oil, aroma, and fatty acid compositions of Salvia cerino-pruinosa var. cerino-pruinosa, S. cerino-pruinosa var. elazigensis, S. pseudeuphratica, S. rosifolia, and S. kurdica collected in 2015, 2016, and 2017 were analysed by GC-FID, GC/MS/Head Space and GC/MS. The results were evaluated chemometrically for principal component analyses and hierarchical clustering analyses using Minitab program. The main components of their essential oils have been determined as germacrene-D (41.79 % highest for these species), camphor (55.80 %), linalool (33.38 %), caryophyllene oxide (32.99 %), 1,8-cineole (26.30 %) and geraniol acetate (31.63 %), while for aroma 1,8-cineole (45.95 % highest for these species), camphor (58.54 %), D-limonene (40.83 %), linalool (27.67 %) and cis-linalool oxide (25.87 %). Oleic (72.65 % highest for these species), erucic (44.61 %), 2-palmitoleic (42.17 %) and nervonic (32.61 %) acids were determined as major components of their fatty acids. According to the PCA and HCA, the essential oil components of these Salvia taxa unaffected by the years, and accordingly, the Salvia taxa grouped among themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulselam Ertas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey.,Cancer Research Center, Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akdeniz
- The Council of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, 21100, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Ismail Yener
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, 21280, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Ozturk
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, 48121, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Ozge Tokul Olmez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mugla Sıtkı Kocman University, 48121, Mugla, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Firat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Van Yuzuncu Yıl University, 65080, Van, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Kolak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, 34116, Istanbul, Turkey
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Bakir D, Akdeniz M, Ertas A, Yilmaz MA, Yener I, Firat M, Kolak U. A GC-MS method validation for quantitative investigation of some chemical markers in Salvia hypargeia Fisch. & C.A. Mey. of Turkey: Enzyme inhibitory potential of ferruginol. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13350. [PMID: 32686189 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a GC-MS method used for quantitative screening of 26 compounds (sclareolide, sclareol, ferruginol, cryptanol, 6,7-dehydroroyleanone, suginal, 9,10-dihydro-7,8-dimethyl-2-(1-methylethyl) phenanthren-3-ol, sugiol, inuroyleanone, 12-demethylmulticauline, 7α-hydroxy-β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, sitosterol, salvigenin, sinensetin, α-amyrin, lupeol, lupenone, 3-acetyl lupeol, 1α,21α-dihydroxy-2,3-(1'1'-dimethyl-dioxymethylene) urs-9(11),12-dien, uvaol, betulin, pyxinol, lup-(20),29-ene-2α-hydroxy-3β-acetate, betulin 3β, 28β-diacetate, 21α-hydroxy,2α,3β-diacetoxy urs-9(11),12-dien) specific to Turkish Salvia species was developed and validated. According to the GC-MS analysis results, Salvia hypargeia Fisch. & C.A. Mey. roots were found to be rich in ferruginol (30787.97 µg/g extract) and lupenone (23276.21 µg/g extract), and leaves in lupeol (20625.92 µg/g extract). Additionally, the essential oil and aroma contents of this species were identified by GC-MS technique. According to the LC-MS/MS results, especially S. hypargeia leaf extract was rich in rosmarinic acid (38035.7 µg/g extract) and isoquercitrin (4136.91 µg/g extract). Furthermore, anticholinesterase, antiurease, antityrosinase and antielastase inhibitory, antioxidant, cytotoxic activities of the ethanol extracts, essential oil, and major components of the species were evaluated. Antioxidant potentials of all extracts of this species were quite high in all studied antioxidant methods. Moreover, butyrylcholinesterase and elastase inhibitory capacities of ferruginol, the major component of S. hypargeia roots, were notable. For these reasons, this species has a high potential for food and pharmaceutical industries. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: This new GC-MS method was applied to S. hypargeia Fisch. & C.A. Mey. and it indicated that this species possessed high amount of ferruginol and lupeol, and that this species could be used for their natural sources. According to the results of the activity studies (antioxidant, anticholinesterase, tyrosinase, elastase, and cytotoxic), this method was used to exhibit which compound may be responsible for the activities. This developed and validated method could be easily applied to determine major/active/toxic secondary metabolites of Salvia species which are used and/or could be used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derya Bakir
- The Council of Forensic Medicine, Diyarbakir Group Chairmanship, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akdeniz
- The Council of Forensic Medicine, Diyarbakir Group Chairmanship, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Abdulselam Ertas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Mustafa A Yilmaz
- Dicle University Science and Technology Research and Application Center, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Ismail Yener
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Firat
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Kolak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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