1
|
Hasler T, Tavares-Gomes L, Gut S, Swayambhu M, Gysi M, Hausmann M, Arora N, Hennet T. Increase of intestinal bacterial sialidase activity exacerbates acute colitis in mice. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1075459. [PMID: 36567940 PMCID: PMC9780602 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1075459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of endogenous and dietary carbohydrates in the gastrointestinal tract influences the composition of the gut microbiota. Carbohydrate foraging requires the action of bacterially-encoded glycoside hydrolases, which release mono- and oligosaccharides taken up as carbon sources by multiple microbial taxa. In addition to providing nutrients to the microbiota, the cleavage of host glycans by bacterial glycoside hydrolases may alter the properties of surface glycoproteins involved in cell adhesion and activation processes in the gut lumen. To investigate the impact of bacterial glycoside hydrolase activities on the gut microbial composition and on host glycans during colon inflammation, we increased local glycoside hydrolase activity by supplementing mice with recombinant E. coli expressing specific sialidase, fucosidase and rhamnosidase enzymes during acute colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium ingestion. Whereas increased fucosidase and rhamnosidase activity did not alter the course of colitis, increased sialidase activity exacerbated disease severity. The effect of increased sialidase activity on inflammation was not caused by changes in the microbial composition given that a similar shift in gut bacteria occurred in all groups of mice supplemented with recombinant E. coli. Increased sialidase activity in the colon of treated mice however significantly altered the distribution of sialic acid on mucosal glycans. Treatment of lamina propria dendritic cells with bacterial sialidase also strongly decreased the density of sialylated ligands to anti-inflammatory siglec lectins, indicating that the remodeling of surface sialylation caused by increased sialidase activity likely accounts for the observed exacerbation of acute colitis in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Hasler
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Sereina Gut
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Meghna Swayambhu
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mario Gysi
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Hausmann
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Natasha Arora
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thierry Hennet
- Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Thierry Hennet,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fernandez-Senac C, Monaghan SJ, Mascolo D, Baily JL, Betancor M, Chalmers L, Paladini G, Adams A, Fridman S, Bron JE. Investigating the impacts of H 2O 2 treatment on gills of healthy Atlantic salmon reveals potential changes to mucus production with implications on immune activity. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:74-81. [PMID: 35843527 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Current treatment strategies for relevant infectious diseases in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) include the use of low salinity or freshwater bathing. However, often availability is restricted, and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is used as an alternative. The potential impacts of H2O2 on fish mucosal tissues, especially the gills therefore need to be considered. In this study the mucosal and immunological effects of H2O2 treatment on the gills of healthy Atlantic salmon were examined by gene expression (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) investigating T-cell, B-cell, and mucin activity. Healthy fish were treated with H2O2 and sampled at different times: 4 h, 24 h and 14 days post-H2O2 treatment (dpt) (total n = 18) to investigate the effect of holding time and H2O2 treatment. Treatment with H2O2 resulted in up-regulation of markers for T-cell activity and anti-inflammatory response and down-regulation of mucin expression in the gills at 14 dpt compared to fish sampled prior to treatment (0h; n = 5 fish). These findings were supported by IHC analysis, which despite being highly variable between samples, showed an increase in the number of CD3+ T cells at 14 dpt in 50% of treated fish compared to pre-treatment fish. The results from this study suggest that H2O2 treatment does not immune compromise healthy Atlantic salmon after 14 dpt (i.e., post-recovery) but modulates gill immune activity and disrupts the mucus covering of the gills. However, further studies are required to determine whether the effects observed are related to H2O2 treatment in isolation or other variables such as holding time or environmental factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sean J Monaghan
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
| | - Dario Mascolo
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
| | - Johanna L Baily
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
| | - Monica Betancor
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
| | - Lynn Chalmers
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
| | - Giuseppe Paladini
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
| | - Alexandra Adams
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
| | - Sophie Fridman
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
| | - James E Bron
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Evaluation of Low Temperature and Salinity as a Treatment of Atlantic Salmon against Amoebic Gill Disease. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020202. [PMID: 35208657 PMCID: PMC8879788 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is a significant health issue for Atlantic salmon farmed in a marine environment. While the disease is currently managed using freshwater or hydrogen peroxide baths, there is a need to develop other treatments. The aims of this study were to examine the effect of salinity (0 ppt and 35 ppt) and temperature (3 °C and 15 °C) on attachment and survival of Neoparamoeba perurans in vitro over short exposure times (15 min and 2 h) and to assess the efficacy of reduced temperature (3 °C) as treatment for Atlantic salmon affected by AGD. In vitro freshwater 3 °C was at least as effective as freshwater 15 °C and the attachment was significantly lower after 2 h in freshwater 3 °C than freshwater 15 °C. In vivo there was no difference between the fish treated with freshwater 15 °C for 2 h or freshwater 3 °C. This study showed that despite exposure to low temperature reducing attachment of N. perurans to their substrate in vitro, 15 min cold-water bath treatment was not more effective at reducing AGD in Atlantic salmon than current commercial 2 h freshwater bath.
Collapse
|
4
|
The Fast Track for Intestinal Tumor Cell Differentiation and In Vitro Intestinal Models by Inorganic Topographic Surfaces. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010218. [PMID: 35057113 PMCID: PMC8781367 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) complex in vitro cell systems are well suited to providing meaningful and translatable results in drug screening, toxicity measurements, and biological studies. Reliable complex gastrointestinal in vitro models as a testbed for oral drug administration and toxicity are very valuable in achieving predictive results for clinical trials and reducing animal testing. However, producing these models is time-consuming due to the lengthy differentiation of HT29 or other cells into mucus-producing goblet cells or other intestinal cell lineages. In the present work, HT29 cells were grown on an inorganic topographic surface decorated with a periodic pattern of micrometre-sized amorphous SiO2 structures for up to 35 days. HT29 cells on topographic surfaces were compared to undifferentiated HT29 in glucose-containing medium on glass or culture dish and with HT29 cells differentiated for 30 days in the presence of methotrexate (HT29-MTX). The cells were stained with Alcian blue for mucus, antibodies for mucus 2 (goblet cells), villin (enterocytes), lysozyme (Paneth cells), and FITC-labeled lectins to identify different cells, glycomic profiles, and cell features. We observed that HT29 cells on topographic surfaces showed more similarities with the differentiated HT29-MTX than with undifferentiated HT29. They formed islands of cell clusters, as observed for HT29-MTX. Already after 2 days, the first mucus secretion was shown by Alcian blue stain and FITC-wheat germ agglutinin. After 4–6 days, mucus was observed on the cell surface and in the intercellular space. The cell layer was undulated, and in 3D reconstruction, the cells showed a clear polarisation with a strong actin signal to one membrane. The lectins and the antibody-staining confirmed the heterogeneous composition of differentiated HT29 cells on topographic surfaces after 6–8 days, or after 6–8 days following MTX differentiation (30 days).
Collapse
|
5
|
Holembovska N, Tyshchenko L, Slobodyanyuk N, Israelian V, Kryzhova Y, Ivaniuta A, Pylypchuk О, Menchynska A, Shtonda O, Nosevych D. Use of aromatic root vegetables in the technology of freshwater fish preserves. POTRAVINARSTVO 2021. [DOI: 10.5219/1581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The expediency of using freshwater fish and aromatic root vegetables in the technology of preserves has been substantiated. Based on the organoleptic analysis, the compatibility of freshwater fish and aromatic vegetables as part of preserves has been determined. The conditions for pretreatment of salted semi-finished products to ensure their maturation as part of preserves have been theoretically substantiated and experimentally determined. It has been found that pretreatment of freshwater fish flesh with 1.0% and 1.5% malic acid for 60 minutes provides soft, tender and juicy consistency, which corresponds to an organoleptic rating of 5 points. Changes in the fatty acid composition of preserves are mainly associated with an increase in the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids that have been introduced with linseed oil, which is a positive factor. It has been found that, in comparison with the control sample, the level of all mineral elements in preserves with aromatic root vegetables is significantly increased, with fiber present, which indicates the expediency of introducing aromatic root vegetables into this product to enrich it with essential mineral and carbohydrate elements to obtain a high-value and healthy food product. Enriching the formulation of preserves made of freshwater fish with a variety of herbal additives increases their nutritional value and allows to get a product of high value enriched with such vital nutrients as carbohydrates, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, sodium, magnesium, manganese, and iron. Aromatic root vegetables such as horseradish, parsley, and ginger have been found to exhibit antiseptic properties and delay the activity of microbial enzymes as they content phenol. Therefore, the use of aromatic root vegetables helps to inhibit the oxidation and hydrolysis of fats, which may be due to the presence of phenols in their composition.
Collapse
|
6
|
Slinger J, Adams MB, Wynne JW. Comparison of bacterial diversity and distribution on the gills of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.): an evaluation of sampling techniques. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 131:80-92. [PMID: 33326661 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Assess bacterial diversity and richness in mucus samples from the gills of Atlantic salmon in comparison to preserved or fixed gill filament tissues. Ascertain whether bacterial diversity and richness are homogeneous upon different arches of the gill basket. METHODS AND RESULTS Bacterial communities contained within gill mucus were profiled using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. No significant difference in taxa richness, alpha (P > 0·05) or beta diversity indices (P > 0·05) were found between the bacterial communities of RNAlater preserved gill tissues and swab-bound mucus. A trend of lower richness and diversity indices were observed in bacterial communities from posterior hemibranchs. CONCLUSIONS Non-lethal swab sampling of gill mucus provides a robust representation of bacterial communities externally upon the gills. Bacterial communities from the fourth arch appeared to be the least representative overall. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The external mucosal barriers of teleost fish (e.g. gill surface) play a vital role as a primary defence line against infection. While research effort on the role of microbial communities on health and immunity of aquaculture species continues, the collection and sampling processes to obtain these data require evaluation so methodologies are consistently applied across future studies that aim to evaluate the composition of branchial microbiomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Slinger
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Aquaculture Program, Bribie Island, Qld, Australia.,Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - M B Adams
- Institute of Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - J W Wynne
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Aquaculture Program, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chang YC, Hamlin-Wright H, Monaghan S, Herath T, Baily J, Del Pozo J, Downes J, Preston A, Chalmers L, Jayasuriya N, Bron JE, Adams A, Fridman S. Changes in distribution, morphology and ultrastructure of chloride cell in Atlantic salmon during an AGD infection. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2019; 42:1433-1446. [PMID: 31429104 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Amoebic gill disease (AGD) is emerging as one of the most significant health challenges affecting farmed Atlantic salmon in the marine environment. It is caused by the amphizoic amoeba Neoparamoeba perurans, with infestation of gills causing severe hyperplastic lesions, compromising overall gill integrity and function. This study used histology, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunohistochemistry and transcript expression to relate AGD-associated pathological changes to changes in the morphology and distribution of chloride cells (CCs) in the gills of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) showing the progression of an AGD infection. A marked reduction in numbers of immunolabelled CCs was detected, and a changing pattern in distribution and morphology was closely linked with the level of basal epithelial hyperplasia in the gill. In addition, acute degenerative ultrastructural changes to CCs at the lesion site were observed with TEM. These findings were supported by the early-onset downregulation of Na+ /K+ -ATPase transcript expression. This study provides supportive evidence that histological AGD lesion assessment was a good qualitative tool for AGD scoring and corresponded well with qPCR genomic Paramoeba perurans quantification. Ultrastructural changes induced in salmon CCs as a result of AGD are reported here for the first time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Chung Chang
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Harry Hamlin-Wright
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Sean Monaghan
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Tharangani Herath
- Department of Animal Production, Welfare and Veterinary Sciences, Harper Adams University, Newport, UK
| | - Johanna Baily
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Jorge Del Pozo
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, Midlothian, UK
| | - Jamie Downes
- Fish Health Unit, Marine Institute, Oranmore, Ireland
| | - Andrew Preston
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Lynn Chalmers
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | | | - James E Bron
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Alexandra Adams
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - Sophie Fridman
- Institute of Aquaculture, School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| |
Collapse
|