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Shah HMS, Singh Z, Hasan MU, Woodward A, Afrifa-Yamoah E. Preharvest methyl jasmonate application delays cell wall degradation and upregulates phenolic metabolism and antioxidant activities in cold stored raspberries. Food Chem 2025; 462:141020. [PMID: 39216377 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The effects of preharvest methyl jasmonate (MeJA) spray application on the physicochemical quality, metabolism of phenolics, and cell wall components in raspberries were investigated during a 10-day cold storage period. MeJA spray reduced firmness loss, decay incidence, and weight loss, while maintained higher levels of soluble solids content, ascorbic acid, anthocyanins and flavonoids in raspberries. Furthermore, MeJA application resulted in increased total pectin and protopectin levels, as well as lowered water-soluble pectin, and activities of pectin methyl esterase, polygalacturonase and cellulase enzymes. Additionally, MeJA treatment upregulated the phenylpropanoid pathway, leading to higher endogenous phenolics and activities of phenylalanine-ammonia lyase and shikimate dehydrogenase. In conclusion, preharvest MeJA spray application could be adopted to enhance the storage potential of cold-stored raspberries for 10 days by maintaining higher firmness, assuring better physicochemical quality, and increasing phenolic metabolism, while reducing cell wall hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Muhammad Shoaib Shah
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup 6027, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Zora Singh
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup 6027, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Mahmood Ul Hasan
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup 6027, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew Woodward
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup 6027, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Eben Afrifa-Yamoah
- Horticulture, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup 6027, Western Australia, Australia
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2
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Luo L, Jiang L, Chen T, Zhao Z, Kang C, Chen D, Long Y. Analysis of spatiotemporal changes mechanism of cell wall biopolymers and monosaccharide components in kiwifruit during Botryosphaeria dothidea infection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 322:124837. [PMID: 39059260 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
To further reveal the interaction mechanism between plants and pathogens, this study used confocal Raman microscopy spectroscopy (CRM) combined with chemometrics to visualize the biopolymers distribution of kiwifruit cell walls at different infection stages at the cellular micro level. Simultaneously, the changes in the content of various monosaccharides in fruit were studied at the molecular level using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). There were significant differences in the composition of various nutrient components in the cell wall structure of kiwifruit at different infection times after infection by Botryosphaeria dothidea. PCA could cluster samples with infection time of 0-9 d into different infection stages, and SVM was used to predict the PCA classification results, the accuracy >96 %. Multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) helped to identify single substance spectra and concentration signals from mixed spectral signals. The pure substance chemical imaging maps of low methylated pectin (LMP), high methylated pectin (HMP), cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin were obtained by analyzing the resolved concentration data. The imaging results showed that the lignin content in the kiwifruit cell wall increased significantly to resist pathogens infection after the infection of B. dothidea. With the development of infection, B. dothidea decomposed various substances in the host cell walls, allowing them to penetrate the interior of fruit cells. This caused significant changes in the form, structure, and distribution of various chemicals on the fruit cell walls in time and space. HPLC showed that glucose was the main carbon source and energy substance obtained by pathogens from kiwifruit during infection. The contents of galactose and arabinose, which maintained the structure and function of the fruit cell walls, decreased significantly and the cell wall structure was destroyed in the late stage of pathogens infection. This study provided a new perspective on the cellular structure changes caused by pathogenic infection of fruit and the defense response process of fruit and provided effective references for further research on the mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions in fruit infected by pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Lingli Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chao Kang
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Dongmei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Macrocyclic and Supramolecular Chemistry of Guizhou Province, Institute of Applied Chemistry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Youhua Long
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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3
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Novak JK, Gardner JG. Current models in bacterial hemicellulase-encoding gene regulation. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 108:39. [PMID: 38175245 PMCID: PMC10766802 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The discovery and characterization of bacterial carbohydrate-active enzymes is a fundamental component of biotechnology innovation, particularly for renewable fuels and chemicals; however, these studies have increasingly transitioned to exploring the complex regulation required for recalcitrant polysaccharide utilization. This pivot is largely due to the current need to engineer and optimize enzymes for maximal degradation in industrial or biomedical applications. Given the structural simplicity of a single cellulose polymer, and the relatively few enzyme classes required for complete bioconversion, the regulation of cellulases in bacteria has been thoroughly discussed in the literature. However, the diversity of hemicelluloses found in plant biomass and the multitude of carbohydrate-active enzymes required for their deconstruction has resulted in a less comprehensive understanding of bacterial hemicellulase-encoding gene regulation. Here we review the mechanisms of this process and common themes found in the transcriptomic response during plant biomass utilization. By comparing regulatory systems from both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, as well as drawing parallels to cellulase regulation, our goals are to highlight the shared and distinct features of bacterial hemicellulase-encoding gene regulation and provide a set of guiding questions to improve our understanding of bacterial lignocellulose utilization. KEY POINTS: • Canonical regulatory mechanisms for bacterial hemicellulase-encoding gene expression include hybrid two-component systems (HTCS), extracytoplasmic function (ECF)-σ/anti-σ systems, and carbon catabolite repression (CCR). • Current transcriptomic approaches are increasingly being used to identify hemicellulase-encoding gene regulatory patterns coupled with computational predictions for transcriptional regulators. • Future work should emphasize genetic approaches to improve systems biology tools available for model bacterial systems and emerging microbes with biotechnology potential. Specifically, optimization of Gram-positive systems will require integration of degradative and fermentative capabilities, while optimization of Gram-negative systems will require bolstering the potency of lignocellulolytic capabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Novak
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland - Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey G Gardner
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland - Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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4
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Han Q, Yang Q, Guo B, Kong D. Linking root cell wall width with plant functioning under drought conditions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:5463-5466. [PMID: 39329184 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
This article comments on:
Sidhu JS, Lopez-Valdivia I, Strock CF, Schneider HM, Lynch JP. 2024. Cortical parenchyma wall width regulates root metabolic cost and maize performance under suboptimal water availability. Journal of Experimental Botany 75, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae191.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinwen Han
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Qingpei Yang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Binglin Guo
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Deliang Kong
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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5
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Zhang L, Wen X, Chen X, Zhou Y, Wang K, Zhu Y. GhCASPL1 regulates secondary cell wall thickening in cotton fibers by stabilizing the cellulose synthase complex on the plasma membrane. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39315818 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) fibers are elongated single cells that rapidly accumulate cellulose during secondary cell wall (SCW) thickening, which requires cellulose synthase complex (CSC) activity. Here, we describe the CSC-interacting factor CASPARIAN STRIP MEMBRANE DOMAIN-LIKE1 (GhCASPL1), which contributes to SCW thickening by influencing CSC stability on the plasma membrane. GhCASPL1 is preferentially expressed in fiber cells during SCW biosynthesis and encodes a MARVEL domain protein. The ghcaspl1 ghcaspl2 mutant exhibited reduced plant height and produced mature fibers with fewer natural twists, lower tensile strength, and a thinner SCW compared to the wild type. Similarly, the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) caspl1 caspl2 double mutant showed a lower cellulose content and thinner cell walls in the stem vasculature than the wild type but normal plant morphology. Introducing the cotton gene GhCASPL1 successfully restored the reduced cellulose content of the Arabidopsis caspl1 caspl2 mutant. Detergent treatments, ultracentrifugation assays, and enzymatic assays showed that the CSC in the ghcaspl1 ghcaspl2 double mutant showed reduced membrane binding and decreased enzyme activity compared to the wild type. GhCASPL1 binds strongly to phosphatidic acid (PA), which is present in much higher amounts in thickening fiber cells compared to ovules and leaves. Mutating the PA-binding site in GhCASPL1 resulted in the loss of its colocalization with GhCesA8, and it failed to localize to the plasma membrane. PA may alter membrane structure to facilitate protein-protein interactions, suggesting that GhCASPL1 and PA collaboratively stabilize the CSC. Our findings shed light on CASPL functions and the molecular machinery behind SCW biosynthesis in cotton fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xingpeng Wen
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuxian Zhu
- Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
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6
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Alves SM, Lacanallo GF, Gonçalves-Vidigal MC, Vaz Bisneta M, Vidigal Rosenberg AG, Vidigal Filho PS. Genome-Wide Association for Morphological and Agronomic Traits in Phaseolus vulgaris L. Accessions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2638. [PMID: 39339612 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2024] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Exploring genetic resources through genomic analyses has emerged as a powerful strategy to develop common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivars that are both productive and well-adapted to various environments. This study aimed to identify genomic regions linked to morpho-agronomic traits in Mesoamerican and Andean common bean accessions and to elucidate the proteins potentially involved in these traits. We evaluated 109 common bean accessions over three agricultural years, focusing on traits including the grain yield (YDSD), 100-seed weight (SW), number of seeds per pod (SDPD), number of pods per plant (PDPL), first pod insertion height (FPIH), plant height (PLHT), days to flowering (DF), and days to maturity (DPM). Using multilocus methods such as mrMLM, FASTmrMLM, FASTmrEMMA, ISIS EM-BLASSO, and pLARmEB, we identified 36 significant SNPs across all chromosomes (Pv01 to Pv11). Validating these SNPs and candidate genes in segregating populations is crucial for developing more productive common bean cultivars through marker-assisted selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Mariel Alves
- Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariana Vaz Bisneta
- Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho
- Pós-Graduação em Genética e Melhoramento, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá 87020-900, Brazil
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7
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Zhao K, Tan H, Fang C, Zhou Z, Wu C, Zhu X, Liu F, Zhang Y, Li H. An activatable fluorescence probe for rapid detection and in situ imaging of β-galactosidase activity in cabbage roots under heavy metal stress. Food Chem 2024; 452:139557. [PMID: 38728895 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
β-Galactosidase (β-gal), an enzyme related to cell wall degradation, plays an important role in regulating cell wall metabolism and reconstruction. However, activatable fluorescence probes for the detection and imaging of β-gal fluctuations in plants have been less exploited. Herein, we report an activatable fluorescent probe based on intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), benzothiazole coumarin-bearing β-galactoside (BC-βgal), to achieve distinct in situ imaging of β-gal in plant cells. It exhibits high sensitivity and selectivity to β-gal with a fast response (8 min). BC-βgal can be used to efficiently detect the alternations of intracellular β-gal levels in cabbage root cells with considerable imaging integrity and imaging contrast. Significantly, BC-βgal can assess β-gal activity in cabbage roots under heavy metal stress (Cd2+, Cu2+, and Pb2+), revealing that β-gal activity is negatively correlated with the severity of heavy metal stress. Our work thus facilitates the study of β-gal biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuicheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Hongli Tan
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Cong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Zile Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo 315211, PR China
| | - Xiaohua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Feng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Haitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
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8
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Wei S, Wu Y, Xi J. CO 2-responsive switchable hydrophilic solvent as a novel extractant for selective extraction and separation of natural bioactive ingredients: A comprehensive review. Food Chem 2024; 463:141170. [PMID: 39288456 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/19/2024]
Abstract
When conventional solvents such as water, methanol, ethanol, hexane, petroleum ether, etc., are used to extract active ingredients from natural resources, an evaporation process is required to remove solvent from active ingredients, which not only consumes huge amounts of energy, but also causes harm to human health and the environment. The CO2-responsive switchable hydrophilic solvent (SHS) based on amines and water is an emerging, green and recyclable solvent, which not only has high extraction efficiency of active ingredients, but also can remove solvent from active ingredients without evaporation process. This paper reviews the research progress of amine-based SHS in the extraction of bioactive ingredients from natural resources. The process flow, extraction mechanism, critical influencing factors, recovery of amines and latest applications have been summarized. On this basis, some shortcomings of amine-based SHS are also pointed out. Finally, the improvement directions of amine-based SHS extraction in the future is prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wei
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuntao Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jun Xi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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9
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Yuan S, Gou X, Hu J, Xiao C, Du J. Mutation of tomato xyloglucan transglucosylase/hydrolase5 increases fruit firmness and contributes to prolonged shelf life. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 303:154350. [PMID: 39293266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024]
Abstract
Fruit ripening in tomato is a highly coordinated developmental process accompanied with fruit softening, which is closely associated with cell wall degradation and remodeling. Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs) are known to play an essential role in cell wall xyloglucan metabolism. Tomato XTH5 exhibits xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET) activity in vitro, but the understanding of its biological role in fruit ripening remains unclear. In this study, we revealed that SlXTH5 is highly expressed in mature fruits. Knockout mutant plants of SlXTH5 were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing strategy in tomato cultivar Micro-Tom. The mutant fruits showed accelerated transition from unripe to ripe process and earlier ethylene accumulation compared to wild type fruits. Although the mutation of SlXTH5 did not affect the size, weight and number of fruits, it indeed increased fruit firmness and extended shelf life, which is probably attributed to the increased cell layer and cell wall thickness of pericarp tissue. Pathogen infection experiment showed the enhanced resistance of mutant fruits to Botrytis cinerea. These results revealed the role of SlXTH5 in fruit ripening process, and provide new insight into how cell wall metabolism and remodeling regulate fruit softening and shelf life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xin Gou
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Chaowen Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
| | - Juan Du
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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10
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Zhou Y, Gao YH, Zhang BC, Yang HL, Tian YB, Huang YH, Yin CC, Tao JJ, Wei W, Zhang WK, Chen SY, Zhou YH, Zhang JS. CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE C proteins modulate cell wall establishment during ethylene-mediated root growth inhibition in rice. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:3751-3769. [PMID: 38943676 PMCID: PMC11371184 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koae195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The cell wall shapes plant cell morphogenesis and affects the plasticity of organ growth. However, the way in which cell wall establishment is regulated by ethylene remains largely elusive. Here, by analyzing cell wall patterns, cell wall composition and gene expression in rice (Oryza sativa, L.) roots, we found that ethylene induces cell wall thickening and the expression of cell wall synthesis-related genes, including CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE C1, 2, 7, 9, 10 (OsCSLC1, 2, 7, 9, 10) and CELLULOSE SYNTHASE A3, 4, 7, 9 (OsCESA3, 4, 7, 9). Overexpression and mutant analyses revealed that OsCSLC2 and its homologs function in ethylene-mediated induction of xyloglucan biosynthesis mainly in the cell wall of root epidermal cells. Moreover, OsCESA-catalyzed cellulose deposition in the cell wall was enhanced by ethylene. OsCSLC-mediated xyloglucan biosynthesis likely plays an important role in restricting cell wall extension and cell elongation during the ethylene response in rice roots. Genetically, OsCSLC2 acts downstream of ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3-LIKE1 (OsEIL1)-mediated ethylene signaling, and OsCSLC1, 2, 7, 9 are directly activated by OsEIL1. Furthermore, the auxin signaling pathway is synergistically involved in these regulatory processes. These findings link plant hormone signaling with cell wall establishment, broadening our understanding of root growth plasticity in rice and other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yi-Hong Gao
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bao-Cai Zhang
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Han-Lei Yang
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yan-Bao Tian
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yi-Hua Huang
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Cui-Cui Yin
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Jian-Jun Tao
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wan-Ke Zhang
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shou-Yi Chen
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Yi-Hua Zhou
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin-Song Zhang
- Key Lab of Seed Innovation, State Key Lab of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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11
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Ishio S, Kusunoki K, Nemoto M, Kanao T, Tamura T. Illumina-based transcriptomic analysis of the fast-growing leguminous tree Acacia crassicarpa: functional gene annotation and identification of novel SSR-markers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1339958. [PMID: 39268003 PMCID: PMC11390451 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1339958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Acacia crassicarpa is a fast-growing leguminous tree that is widely cultivated in tropical areas such as Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia, and southern China. This tree has versatile utility in timber, furniture, and pulp production. Illumina sequencing of A. crassicarpa was conducted, and the raw data of 124,410,892 reads were filtered and assembled de novo into 93,317 unigenes, with a total of 84,411,793 bases. Blast2GO annotation, Benchmark Universal Single-Copy Ortholog evaluation, and GO-term classification produced a catalogue of unigenes for studying primary metabolism, phytohormone signaling, and transcription factors. Massive transcriptomic analysis has identified microsatellites composed of simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci representing di-, tri-, and tetranucleotide repeat units in the predicted open reading frames. Polymorphism was induced by PCR amplification of microsatellite loci located in several genes encoding auxin response factors and other transcription factors, which successfully distinguished 16 local trees of A. crassicarpa tested, representing potentially exploitable molecular markers for efficient tree breeding for plantation and biomass exploitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shougo Ishio
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Sumitomo Forestry Co. Ltd., Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Kusunoki
- Tsukuba Research Institute, Sumitomo Forestry Co. Ltd., Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Michiko Nemoto
- Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tadayoshi Kanao
- Graduate School of Environment, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Institute of Global Human Resource Development, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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Yin B, Xie W, Fang S, He S, Ma W, Liang L, Yin Y, Zhou D, Wang Z, Wang D. Research Progress on Saccharide Molecule Detection Based on Nanopores. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:5442. [PMID: 39205136 PMCID: PMC11360570 DOI: 10.3390/s24165442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Saccharides, being one of the fundamental molecules of life, play essential roles in the physiological and pathological functions of cells. However, their intricate structures pose challenges for detection. Nanopore technology, with its high sensitivity and capability for single-molecule-level analysis, has revolutionized the identification and structural analysis of saccharide molecules. This review focuses on recent advancements in nanopore technology for carbohydrate detection, presenting an array of methods that leverage the molecular complexity of saccharides. Biological nanopore techniques utilize specific protein binding or pore modifications to trigger typical resistive pulses, enabling the high-sensitivity detection of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides. In solid-state nanopore sensing, boronic acid modification and pH gating mechanisms are employed for the specific recognition and quantitative analysis of polysaccharides. The integration of artificial intelligence algorithms can further enhance the accuracy and reliability of analyses. Serving as a crucial tool in carbohydrate detection, we foresee significant potential in the application of nanopore technology for the detection of carbohydrate molecules in disease diagnosis, drug screening, and biosensing, fostering innovative progress in related research domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohua Yin
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (B.Y.); (Z.W.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Wanyi Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Shaoxi Fang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Shixuan He
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Wenhao Ma
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, China
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Liyuan Liang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Yajie Yin
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Daming Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (B.Y.); (Z.W.)
| | - Deqiang Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China; (B.Y.); (Z.W.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Multi-Scale Manufacturing Technology, Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chongqing 400714, China
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13
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He WB, Hou S, Zeng LY, Tang HB, Tong X, Wu CZ, Liu X, Tan G, Guo LQ, Lin JF. Proteomics analysis of enzyme systems and pathway changes during the moromi fermentation of soy sauce mash. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5735-5750. [PMID: 38441287 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the brewing of soy sauce, the conversion of multiple substances is driven by various microorganisms and their secreted enzyme systems. Soy sauce mash is an important source of enzyme systems during moromi fermentation, but the changes of enzyme systems in soy sauce mash during moromi fermentation are poorly understood. In order to explore the predominant enzyme systems existing during moromi fermentation and to explain the characteristics of the enzyme system changes, an enzymatic activities assay and 4D-label-free proteomics analysis were conducted on soy sauce mash at different stages of fermentation. RESULTS The activities of hydrolytic enzymes in soy sauce mash decreased continuously throughout the fermentation process, while most of the characteristic physicochemical substances in soy sauce mash supernatant had already accumulated at the early stage of fermentation. Four hydrolytic enzymes were found to be positively correlated with important physicochemical indexes by principal component analysis and Pearson correlation analysis. The proteomics analysis revealed three highly upregulated enzymes and two enzymes that were present in important metabolic pathways throughout the fermentation process. Furthermore, it was found that Aspergillus oryzae was able to accumulate various nutrients in the soy sauce mash by downregulating most of its metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION Enzymes present with excellent properties during the moromi fermentation period could be obtained from these results. Meanwhile, the characterization of the metabolic pathways of microorganisms during the moromi fermentation period was revealed. The results provide a basis for more scientific and purposeful improvement of moromi fermentation in the future. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Bin He
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Microecological Agents of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Hou
- Foshan Haitian (Gaoming) Flavouring & Food Co. Ltd, Foshan, China
| | - Long-Ying Zeng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Microecological Agents of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Biao Tang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Microecological Agents of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xing Tong
- Foshan Haitian (Gaoming) Flavouring & Food Co. Ltd, Foshan, China
| | - Chang-Zheng Wu
- Foshan Haitian (Gaoming) Flavouring & Food Co. Ltd, Foshan, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Foshan Haitian (Gaoming) Flavouring & Food Co. Ltd, Foshan, China
| | - Ge Tan
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Microecological Agents of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li-Qiong Guo
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Microecological Agents of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun-Fang Lin
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Research Center for Microecological Agents of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
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Hao Y, Lu F, Pyo SW, Kim MH, Ko JH, Yan X, Ralph J, Li Q. PagMYB128 regulates secondary cell wall formation by direct activation of cell wall biosynthetic genes during wood formation in poplar. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:1658-1674. [PMID: 39031878 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses in plant secondary cell walls (SCWs) is regulated by a hierarchical transcriptional regulatory network. This network features orthologous transcription factors shared between poplar and Arabidopsis, highlighting a foundational similarity in their genetic regulation. However, knowledge on the discrepant behavior of the transcriptional-level molecular regulatory mechanisms between poplar and Arabidopsis remains limited. In this study, we investigated the function of PagMYB128 during wood formation and found it had broader impacts on SCW formation compared to its Arabidopsis ortholog, AtMYB103. Transgenic poplar trees overexpressing PagMYB128 exhibited significantly enhanced xylem development, with fiber cells and vessels displaying thicker walls, and an increase in the levels of cellulose, lignin, and hemicelluloses in the wood. In contrast, plants with dominant repression of PagMYB128 demonstrated the opposite phenotypes. RNA sequencing and reverse transcription - quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed that PagMYB128 could activate SCW biosynthetic gene expression, and chromatin immunoprecipitation along with yeast one-hybrid, and effector-reporter assays showed this regulation was direct. Further analysis revealed that PagSND1 (SECONDARY WALL-ASSOCIATED NAC-DOMAIN PROTEIN1) directly regulates PagMYB128 but not cell wall metabolic genes, highlighting the pivotal role of PagMYB128 in the SND1-driven regulatory network for wood development, thereby creating a feedforward loop in SCW biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Fachuang Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, 53726, USA
| | - Seung-Won Pyo
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Min-Ha Kim
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Jae-Heung Ko
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, 17104, Korea
| | - Xiaojing Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - John Ralph
- Department of Biochemistry and DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, Wisconsin Energy Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Wisconsin, 53726, USA
| | - Quanzi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
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15
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Zhao S, Jiao J, Zhang C, Li F, Fan X, Wu P, Feng K, Li L. Identification of the function of a key gene NnHCT1 in lignin synthesis in petioles of Nelumbo nucifera. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 274:133391. [PMID: 38917921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Leaf petiole or stem strength is an important agronomic trait affecting the growth of underground organs as a channel for material exchange and plays a vital role in the quality and yield of crops and vegetables. There are two different types of petioles in lotus, floating leaf petioles and vertical leaf petioles; however, the internal difference mechanism between these petioles is unclear. In this study, we investigated the differences between the initial vertical leaf petioles and the initial floating leaf petioles based on RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and >2858 differentially expressed genes were annotated. These genes were chiefly enriched in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, which is the source of the lignin and cellulose in petioles and stems. Lignin biology-related gene NnHCT1 was identified, and subsequent biological function validation demonstrated that the transient overexpression of NnHCT1 significantly increased the lignin and cellulose contents in lotus petioles and tobacco leaves. In contrast, silencing NnHCT1 through virus-induced gene silencing significantly reduced petiole lignin synthesis. Additionally, differentially up-regulated MYB family transcription factors were identified using RNA-seq. Yeast-one-hybrid and dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that MYB4 could bind to the NnHCT1 promoter and up-regulate NnHCT1 expression. These findings demonstrate the significant potential of NnHCT1 to enhance lignin synthesis, thereby improving stem or petiole resistance to stunting and explaining the need for the study of differential petiole relationships in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Zhao
- School of Horticulture and Gardens, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiao Jiao
- School of Horticulture and Gardens, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chuyan Zhang
- School of Horticulture and Gardens, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Fenghua Li
- School of Horticulture and Gardens, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiaojing Fan
- School of Horticulture and Gardens, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Peng Wu
- School of Horticulture and Gardens, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Kai Feng
- School of Horticulture and Gardens, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Liangjun Li
- School of Horticulture and Gardens, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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16
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Yang Y, Mu J, Hao X, Yang K, Cao Z, Feng J, Li R, Zhang N, Zhou G, Kong Y, Wang D. Identification and Analysis of the Mechanism of Stem Mechanical Strength Enhancement for Maize Inbred Lines QY1. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8195. [PMID: 39125770 PMCID: PMC11312173 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Enhancing stalk strength is a crucial strategy to reduce lodging. We identified a maize inbred line, QY1, with superior stalk mechanical strength. Comprehensive analyses of the microstructure, cell wall composition, and transcriptome of QY1 were performed to elucidate the underlying factors contributing to its increased strength. Notably, both the vascular bundle area and the thickness of the sclerenchyma cell walls in QY1 were significantly increased. Furthermore, analyses of cell wall components revealed a significant increase in cellulose content and a notable reduction in lignin content. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed changes in the expression of numerous genes involved in cell wall synthesis and modification, especially those encoding pectin methylesterase (PME). Variations in PME activity and the degree of methylesterification were noted. Additionally, glycolytic efficiency in QY1 was significantly enhanced. These findings indicate that QY1 could be a valuable resource for the development of maize varieties with enhanced stalk mechanical strength and for biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Yang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.Y.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (K.Y.); (Z.C.); (J.F.); (R.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Jianing Mu
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.Y.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (K.Y.); (Z.C.); (J.F.); (R.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Xiaoning Hao
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.Y.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (K.Y.); (Z.C.); (J.F.); (R.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Kangkang Yang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.Y.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (K.Y.); (Z.C.); (J.F.); (R.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Ziyu Cao
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.Y.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (K.Y.); (Z.C.); (J.F.); (R.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Jiping Feng
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.Y.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (K.Y.); (Z.C.); (J.F.); (R.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Runhao Li
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.Y.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (K.Y.); (Z.C.); (J.F.); (R.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Ning Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.Y.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (K.Y.); (Z.C.); (J.F.); (R.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Gongke Zhou
- College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, No. 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao 266109, China;
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying 257000, China
| | - Yingzhen Kong
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.Y.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (K.Y.); (Z.C.); (J.F.); (R.L.); (N.Z.)
| | - Dian Wang
- College of Agronomy, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China; (Y.Y.); (J.M.); (X.H.); (K.Y.); (Z.C.); (J.F.); (R.L.); (N.Z.)
- Academy of Dongying Efficient Agricultural Technology and Industry on Saline and Alkaline Land in Collaboration with Qingdao Agricultural University, Dongying 257000, China
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17
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Wannitikul P, Dachphun I, Sakulkoo J, Suttangkakul A, Wonnapinij P, Simister R, Gomez LD, Vuttipongchaikij S. In Vivo Proximity Cross-Linking and Immunoprecipitation of Cell Wall Epitopes Identify Proteins Associated with the Biosynthesis of Matrix Polysaccharides. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:31438-31454. [PMID: 39072051 PMCID: PMC11270709 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Identification of proteins involved in cell wall matrix polysaccharide biosynthesis is crucial to understand plant cell wall biology. We utilized in vivo cross-linking and immunoprecipitation with cell wall antibodies that recognized xyloglucan, xylan, mannan, and homogalacturonan to capture proteins associated with matrix polysaccharides in Arabidopsis protoplasts. The use of cross-linkers allowed us to capture proteins actively associated with cell wall polymers, including those directly interacting with glycans via glycan-protein (GP) cross-linkers and those associated with proteins linked to glycans via a protein-protein (PP) cross-linker. Immunoprecipitations led to the identification of 65 Arabidopsis protein IDs localized in the Golgi, ER, plasma membrane, and others without subcellular localization data. Among these, we found several glycosyltransferases directly involved in polysaccharide synthesis, along with proteins related to cell wall modification and vesicle trafficking. Protein interaction networks from DeepAraPPI and AtMAD databases showed interactions between various IDs, including those related to cell-wall-associated proteins and membrane/vesicle trafficking proteins. Gene expression and coexpression analyses supported the presence and relevance of the proteins to the cell wall processes. Reverse genetic studies using T-DNA insertion mutants of selected proteins revealed changes in cell wall composition and saccharification, further supporting their potential roles in cell wall biosynthesis. Overall, our approach represents a novel approach for studying cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis and associated proteins, providing advantages over traditional immunoprecipitation techniques. This study provides a list of putative proteins associated with different matrix polysaccharides for further investigation and highlights the complexity of cell wall biosynthesis and trafficking within plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchaporn Wannitikul
- Department
of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 50 Ngarm Wong Wan Road, Chattuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Issariya Dachphun
- Department
of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 50 Ngarm Wong Wan Road, Chattuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Jenjira Sakulkoo
- Department
of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 50 Ngarm Wong Wan Road, Chattuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Anongpat Suttangkakul
- Department
of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 50 Ngarm Wong Wan Road, Chattuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center
of Advanced Studies for Tropical Natural Resources, Kasetsart University, Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chattuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Omics
Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Passorn Wonnapinij
- Department
of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 50 Ngarm Wong Wan Road, Chattuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center
of Advanced Studies for Tropical Natural Resources, Kasetsart University, Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chattuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Omics
Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Rachael Simister
- CNAP,
Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom
| | - Leonardo D. Gomez
- CNAP,
Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, United
Kingdom
| | - Supachai Vuttipongchaikij
- Department
of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart
University, 50 Ngarm Wong Wan Road, Chattuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center
of Advanced Studies for Tropical Natural Resources, Kasetsart University, Ngam Wong Wan Road, Chattuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Omics
Center for Agriculture, Bioresources, Food and Health, Kasetsart University (OmiKU), Bangkok 10900, Thailand
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18
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Lin J, Zheng X, Xia J, Xie R, Gao J, Ye R, Liang T, Qu M, Luo Y, Wang Y, Ke Y, Li C, Guo J, Lu J, Tang W, Li W, Chen S. Integrative analysis of the transcriptome and proteome reveals the molecular responses of tobacco to boron deficiency. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:689. [PMID: 39030471 PMCID: PMC11264865 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05391-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for plants. Inappropriate B supply detrimentally affects the productivity of numerous crops. Understanding of the molecular responses of plants to different B supply levels would be of significance in crop improvement and cultivation practices to deal with the problem. RESULTS We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and proteome of tobacco seedlings to investigate the expression changes of genes/proteins in response to different B supply levels, with a particular focus on B deficiency. The global gene and protein expression profiles revealed the potential mechanisms involved in the responses of tobacco to B deficiency, including up-regulation of the NIP5;1-BORs module, complex regulation of genes/proteins related to cell wall metabolism, and up-regulation of the antioxidant machinery. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that B deficiency caused severe morphological and physiological disorders in tobacco seedlings, and revealed dynamic expression changes of tobacco genes/proteins in response to different B supply levels, especially to B deficiency, thus offering valuable insights into the molecular responses of tobacco to B deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbin Lin
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xiangli Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Process of Red Soil Mountain, Agricultural Ecology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Jing Xia
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Rongrong Xie
- Fujian Institute of Tobacco Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
- International Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jingjuan Gao
- Fujian Institute of Tobacco Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
- International Magnesium Institute, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Rongrong Ye
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Tingmin Liang
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Mengyu Qu
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yaxin Luo
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Yuemin Wang
- Fujian Institute of Tobacco Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Yuqin Ke
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Fujian Institute of Tobacco Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Jinping Guo
- Fujian Institute of Tobacco Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Weiqi Tang
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
| | - Wenqing Li
- Fujian Institute of Tobacco Sciences, Fuzhou, 350003, China.
| | - Songbiao Chen
- Ministerial and Provincial Joint Innovation Centre for Safety Production of Cross-Strait Crops, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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19
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Cheng T, Ren C, Xu J, Wang H, Wen B, Zhao Q, Zhang W, Yu G, Zhang Y. Genome-wide analysis of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) laccase gene family and its functions in response to abiotic stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:688. [PMID: 39026161 PMCID: PMC11264805 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05385-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laccase (LAC) gene family plays a pivotal role in plant lignin biosynthesis and adaptation to various stresses. Limited research has been conducted on laccase genes in common beans. RESULTS 29 LAC gene family members were identified within the common bean genome, distributed unevenly in 9 chromosomes. These members were divided into 6 distinct subclades by phylogenetic analysis. Further phylogenetic analyses and synteny analyses indicated that considerable gene duplication and loss presented throughout the evolution of the laccase gene family. Purified selection was shown to be the major evolutionary force through Ka / Ks. Transcriptional changes of PvLAC genes under low temperature and salt stress were observed, emphasizing the regulatory function of these genes in such conditions. Regulation by abscisic acid and gibberellins appears to be the case for PvLAC3, PvLAC4, PvLAC7, PvLAC13, PvLAC14, PvLAC18, PvLAC23, and PvLAC26, as indicated by hormone induction experiments. Additionally, the regulation of PvLAC3, PvLAC4, PvLAC7, and PvLAC14 in response to nicosulfuron and low-temperature stress were identified by virus-induced gene silence, which demonstrated inhibition on growth and development in common beans. CONCLUSIONS The research provides valuable genetic resources for improving the resistance of common beans to abiotic stresses and enhance the understanding of the functional roles of the LAC gene family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Cheng
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chunyuan Ren
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jinghan Xu
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huamei Wang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bowen Wen
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Gaobo Yu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yuxian Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, Heilongjiang, China.
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20
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Bi H, Liu Z, Liu S, Qiao W, Zhang K, Zhao M, Wang D. Genome-wide analysis of wheat xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) gene family revealed TaXTH17 involved in abiotic stress responses. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:640. [PMID: 38971763 PMCID: PMC11227136 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05370-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental stresses, including high salinity and drought, severely diminish wheat yield and quality globally. The xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) family represents a class of cell wall-modifying enzymes and plays important roles in plants growth, development and stress adaptation. However, systematic analyses of XTH family genes and their functions under salt and drought stresses have not been undertaken in wheat. RESULTS In this study, we identified a total of 135 XTH genes in wheat, which were clustered into three evolutionary groups. These TaXTHs were unevenly distributed on 21 chromosomes of wheat with a majority of TaXTHs located on homelogous groups 2, 3 and 7. Gene duplication analysis revealed that segmental and tandem duplication were the main reasons for the expansion of XTH family in wheat. Interaction network predictions indicated that TaXTHs could interact with multiple proteins, including three kinases, one methyltransferase and one gibberellin-regulated protein. The promoters of the TaXTH genes harbored various cis-acting elements related to stress and hormone responses. RNA-seq data analyses showed that some TaXTH genes were induced by salt and drought stresses. Furthermore, we verified that TaXTH17 was induced by abiotic stresses and phytohormone treatments, and demonstrated that TaXTH17 was localized in the secretory pathway and cell wall. Functional analyses conducted in heterologous expression systems and in wheat established that TaXTH17 plays a negative role in plant resistance to salt and drought. CONCLUSIONS We identified 135 XTH genes in wheat and conducted comprehensive analyses of their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved motifs, gene duplication events, chromosome locations, interaction networks, cis-acting elements and gene expression patterns. Furthermore, we provided solid evidence supporting the notion that TaXTH17 plays a negative role in plant resistance to salt and drought stresses. Collectively, our results provide valuable insights into understanding wheat XTHs, particularly their involvement in plant stress responses, and establish a foundation for further functional and mechanistic studies of TaXTHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Bi
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province, Dry Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, 053000, China
| | - Zeliang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shanshan Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wenchen Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province, Dry Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, 053000, China
| | - Kunpu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Minghui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province, Dry Farming Institute, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui, 053000, China.
| | - Daowen Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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21
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Keret R, Drew DM, Hills PN. Xylem cell size regulation is a key adaptive response to water deficit in Eucalyptus grandis. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 44:tpae068. [PMID: 38896029 PMCID: PMC11247191 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpae068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Future climatic scenarios forecast increasingly frequent droughts that will pose substantial consequences on tree mortality. In light of this, drought-tolerant eucalypts have been propagated; however, the severity of these conditions will invoke adaptive responses, impacting the commercially valuable wood properties. To determine what mechanisms govern the wood anatomical adaptive response, highly controlled drought experiments were conducted in Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill ex Maiden, with the tree physiology and transcriptome closely monitored. In response to water deficit, E. grandis displays an isohydric stomatal response to conserve water and enable stem growth to continue, albeit at a reduced rate. Maintaining gaseous exchange is likely a critical short-term response that drives the formation of hydraulically safer xylem. For instance, the development of significantly smaller fibers and vessels was found to increase cellular density, thereby promoting drought tolerance through improved functional redundancy, as well as implosion and cavitation resistance. The transcriptome was explored to identify the molecular mechanisms responsible for controlling xylem cell size during prolonged water deficit. Downregulation of genes associated with cell wall remodeling and the biosynthesis of cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin appeared to coincide with a reduction in cellular enlargement during drought. Furthermore, transcript levels of NAC and MYB transcription factors, vital for cell wall component biosynthesis, were reduced, while those linked to lignification increased. The upregulation of EgCAD and various peroxidases under water deficit did not correlate with an increased lignin composition. However, with the elevated cellular density, a higher lignin content per xylem cross-sectional area was observed, potentially enhancing hydraulic safety. These results support the requirement for higher density, drought-adapted wood as a long-term adaptive response in E. grandis, which is largely influenced by the isohydric stomatal response coupled with cellular expansion-related molecular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Keret
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
- Department of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Bosman St, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa
| | - David M Drew
- Department of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Bosman St, Stellenbosch 7599, South Africa
| | - Paul N Hills
- Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Department of Genetics, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
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22
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Kutyrieva-Nowak N, Leszczuk A, Denic D, Bellaidi S, Blazakis K, Gemeliari P, Lis M, Kalaitzis P, Zdunek A. In vivo and ex vivo study on cell wall components as part of the network in tomato fruit during the ripening process. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae145. [PMID: 38988613 PMCID: PMC11233857 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Ripening is a process involving various morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes in fruits. This process is affected by modifications in the cell wall structure, particularly in the composition of polysaccharides and proteins. The cell wall assembly is a network of polysaccharides and proteoglycans named the arabinoxylan pectin arabinogalactan protein1 (APAP1). The complex consists of the arabinogalactan protein (AGP) core with the pectin domain including arabinogalactan (AG) type II, homogalacturonan (HG), and rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I). The present paper aims to determine the impact of a disturbance in the synthesis of one constituent on the integrity of the cell wall. Therefore, in the current work, we have tested the impact of modified expression of the SlP4H3 gene connected with proline hydroxylase (P4H) activity on AGP presence in the fruit matrix. Using an immunolabelling technique (CLSM), an immunogold method (TEM), molecular tools, and calcium mapping (SEM-EDS), we have demonstrated that disturbances in AGP synthesis affect the entire cell wall structure. Changes in the spatio-temporal AGP distribution may be related to the formation of a network between AGPs with other cell wall components. Moreover, the modified structure of the cell wall assembly induces morphological changes visible at the cellular level during the progression of the ripening process. These results support the hypothesis that AGPs and pectins are required for the proper progression of the physiological processes occurring in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Agata Leszczuk
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
| | - Dusan Denic
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Samia Bellaidi
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Blazakis
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Petroula Gemeliari
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Magdalena Lis
- Department of Biomedicine and Environmental Research, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-708 Lublin, Poland
| | - Panagiotis Kalaitzis
- Department of Horticultural Genetics and Biotechnology, Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Chania, Chania 73100, Greece
| | - Artur Zdunek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 20-290 Lublin, Poland
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23
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Gu C, Kong L, Zhang X, Wang X, Dong M, Yang D, Li J, Hu X, Hao X, Liu X, Yang Q. Effects of black bean cell wall pectin by exogenous calcium ions: Insight into the metabolomics, physicochemical properties and anti-digestive capacity. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 273:133127. [PMID: 38876245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
In this work, the metabolomics, physicochemical and in vitro digestion properties of black beans influenced by different calcium ion solutions (0, 0.5 %, 1 %, and 2 %) were explored. The addition of calcium ions had a significant effect on the metabolic processing of black beans, including 16 differential metabolites and 4 metabolic pathways related to the cell wall. From the results of FT-IR and ICP-OES, it was confirmed that calcium ions can interact with COO- in non-methylated galacturonic acid in pectin to form calcium carboxylate strengthening the middle lamellae of the cell wall. Based on this mechanism, the soaked beans with an intact and dense cell structure were verified by the analyses of SEM and CLSM. Compared with other soaked beans, BB-2 exhibited lower cell permeability with electrical conductivity value decreased to 0.60 μs·cm-1. Additionally, BB-2 demonstrated slower digestion properties with digestion rate coefficient at 0.0020 min-1 and digestion extent only at 30.83 %, which is attributed to its increasingly compact cell wall and densely cellular matrix. This study illustrates the effect of calcium ions on the cellular structure of black beans, providing an effective process method for low glycemic index diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenqi Gu
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China
| | - Lu Kong
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China
| | - Xiling Zhang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China
| | - Mingyang Dong
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China
| | - Xiufa Hu
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoliang Hao
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Liaoning, Anshan 114051, P. R. China
| | - Xinnan Liu
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China.
| | - Qingyu Yang
- College of Grain Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China; Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Typical Grain and Oil Processing and Quality Control, Shenyang 110034, P. R. China.
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24
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Ding S, Chen Y, Huang C, Song L, Liang Z, Wei B. Perception and response of skeleton to mechanical stress. Phys Life Rev 2024; 49:77-94. [PMID: 38564907 DOI: 10.1016/j.plrev.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical stress stands as a fundamental factor in the intricate processes governing the growth, development, morphological shaping, and maintenance of skeletal mass. The profound influence of stress in shaping the skeletal framework prompts the assertion that stress essentially births the skeleton. Despite this acknowledgment, the mechanisms by which the skeleton perceives and responds to mechanical stress remain enigmatic. In this comprehensive review, our scrutiny focuses on the structural composition and characteristics of sclerotin, leading us to posit that it serves as the primary structure within the skeleton responsible for bearing and perceiving mechanical stress. Furthermore, we propose that osteocytes within the sclerotin emerge as the principal mechanical-sensitive cells, finely attuned to perceive mechanical stress. And a detailed analysis was conducted on the possible transmission pathways of mechanical stress from the extracellular matrix to the nucleus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Ding
- Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Yiren Chen
- Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Chengshuo Huang
- Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Lijun Song
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Zhen Liang
- Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
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25
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Xu E, Liu Y, Gu D, Zhan X, Li J, Zhou K, Zhang P, Zou Y. Molecular Mechanisms of Plant Responses to Copper: From Deficiency to Excess. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6993. [PMID: 39000099 PMCID: PMC11240974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25136993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential nutrient for plant growth and development. This metal serves as a constituent element or enzyme cofactor that participates in many biochemical pathways and plays a key role in photosynthesis, respiration, ethylene sensing, and antioxidant systems. The physiological significance of Cu uptake and compartmentalization in plants has been underestimated, despite the importance of Cu in cellular metabolic processes. As a micronutrient, Cu has low cellular requirements in plants. However, its bioavailability may be significantly reduced in alkaline or organic matter-rich soils. Cu deficiency is a severe and widespread nutritional disorder that affects plants. In contrast, excessive levels of available Cu in soil can inhibit plant photosynthesis and induce cellular oxidative stress. This can affect plant productivity and potentially pose serious health risks to humans via bioaccumulation in the food chain. Plants have evolved mechanisms to strictly regulate Cu uptake, transport, and cellular homeostasis during long-term environmental adaptation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse functions of Cu chelators, chaperones, and transporters involved in Cu homeostasis and their regulatory mechanisms in plant responses to varying Cu availability conditions. Finally, we identified that future research needs to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms regulating Cu deficiency or stress in plants. This will pave the way for improving the Cu utilization efficiency and/or Cu tolerance of crops grown in alkaline or Cu-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ending Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agriculture University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dongfang Gu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Xinchun Zhan
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Jiyu Li
- Institute of Horticultural Research, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Kunneng Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Peijiang Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Yu Zou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Rice Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Improvement, Rice Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
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26
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Yang H, Huang J, Ye Y, Xu Y, Xiao Y, Chen Z, Li X, Ma Y, Lu T, Rao Y. Research Progress on Mechanical Strength of Rice Stalks. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1726. [PMID: 38999566 PMCID: PMC11243543 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most important food crops in the world, rice yield is directly related to national food security. Lodging is one of the most important factors restricting rice production, and the cultivation of rice varieties with lodging resistance is of great significance in rice breeding. The lodging resistance of rice is directly related to the mechanical strength of the stalks. In this paper, we reviewed the cell wall structure, its components, and its genetic regulatory mechanism, which improved the regulatory network of rice stalk mechanical strength. Meanwhile, we analyzed the new progress in genetic breeding and put forward some scientific problems that need to be solved in this field in order to provide theoretical support for the improvement and application of rice breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Jiahui Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yuhan Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yuqing Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Ziying Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yingying Ma
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Tao Lu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Yuchun Rao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
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27
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Zhang J, Dong T, Zhu M, Du D, Liu R, Yu Q, Sun Y, Zhang Z. Transcriptome- and genome-wide systematic identification of expansin gene family and their expression in tuberous root development and stress responses in sweetpotato ( Ipomoea batatas). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1412540. [PMID: 38966148 PMCID: PMC11223104 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1412540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Expansins (EXPs) are essential components of the plant cell wall that function as relaxation factors to directly promote turgor-driven expansion of the cell wall, thereby controlling plant growth and development and diverse environmental stress responses. EXPs genes have been identified and characterized in numerous plant species, but not in sweetpotato. Results and methods In the present study, a total of 59 EXP genes unevenly distributed across 14 of 15 chromosomes were identified in the sweetpotato genome, and segmental and tandem duplications were found to make a dominant contribution to the diversity of functions of the IbEXP family. Phylogenetic analysis showed that IbEXP members could be clustered into four subfamilies based on the EXPs from Arabidopsis and rice, and the regularity of protein motif, domain, and gene structures was consistent with this subfamily classification. Collinearity analysis between IbEXP genes and related homologous sequences in nine plants provided further phylogenetic insights into the EXP gene family. Cis-element analysis further revealed the potential roles of IbEXP genes in sweetpotato development and stress responses. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analysis of eight selected IbEXPs genes provided evidence of their specificity in different tissues and showed that their transcripts were variously induced or suppressed under different hormone treatments (abscisic acid, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid) and abiotic stresses (low and high temperature). Discussion These results provide a foundation for further comprehensive investigation of the functions of IbEXP genes and indicate that several members of this family have potential applications as regulators to control plant development and enhance stress resistance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Zhang
- Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Dong
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingku Zhu
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Du
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ranran Liu
- Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Qianqian Yu
- Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Yueying Sun
- Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihuan Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Qingdao Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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28
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Xiao B, Feng X, Li P, Sui Z. Analysis of Hyperosmotic Tolerance Mechanisms in Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis Based on Weighted Co-Expression Network Analysis. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:781. [PMID: 38927717 PMCID: PMC11203144 DOI: 10.3390/genes15060781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We conducted transcriptome sequencing on salt-tolerant mutants X5 and X3, and a control (Ctr) strain of Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis after treatment with artificial seawater at varying salinities (30‱, 45‱, and 60‱) for 3 weeks. Differentially expressed genes were identified and a weighted co-expression network analysis was conducted. The blue, red, and tan modules were most closely associated with salinity, while the black, cyan, light cyan, and yellow modules showed a close correlation with strain attributes. KEGG enrichment of genes from the aforementioned modules revealed that the key enrichment pathways for salinity attributes included the proteasome and carbon fixation in photosynthesis, whereas the key pathways for strain attributes consisted of lipid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor-activating protein receptor (SNARE) interactions in vesicular transport, and porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism. Gene expression for the proteasome and carbon fixation in photosynthesis was higher in all strains at 60‱. In addition, gene expression in the proteasome pathway was higher in the X5-60 than Ctr-60 and X3-60. Based on the above data and relevant literature, we speculated that mutant X5 likely copes with high salt stress by upregulating genes related to lysosome and carbon fixation in photosynthesis. The proteasome may be reset to adjust the organism's proteome composition to adapt to high-salt environments, while carbon fixation may aid in maintaining material and energy metabolism for normal life activities by enhancing carbon dioxide uptake via photosynthesis. The differences between the X5-30 and Ctr-30 expression of genes involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, oxidative phosphorylation, and SNARE interactions in vesicular transport suggested that the X5-30 may differ from Ctr-30 in lipid metabolism, energy metabolism, and vesicular transport. Finally, among the key pathways with good correlation with salinity and strain traits, the key genes with significant correlation with salinity and strain traits were identified by correlation analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhenghong Sui
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266003, China; (B.X.); (X.F.); (P.L.)
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29
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Wang L, Liu M, Luo Z, Chen Y, Qi Y, Ye M, Chen F, Dai F. Effect of modified atmosphere package on attributes of sweet bamboo shoots after harvest. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1431097. [PMID: 38947949 PMCID: PMC11212469 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1431097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Tender bamboo shoots undergo rapid senescence that influences their quality and commercial value after harvest. In this study, the tender sweet bamboo shoots ('Wensun') were packed by a passive modified atmosphere packaging (PMAP) to inhibit the senescence process, taking polyethylene package as control. The increase in CO2 and the decrease in O2 gas concentrations in the headspace atmosphere of the packages were remarkably modified by PMAP treatments. The modified gas atmosphere packaging inhibited the changes in firmness, as well as the content of cellulose, total pectin, and lignin in the cell walls of bamboo shoots. The enzymatic activities of cellulase, pectinase, and polygalacturonase that act on cell wall polysaccharides, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, peroxidase, and laccase regulating the lignin biosynthesis were modified by PMAP treatment different from control during storage. The expression levels of the lignin biosynthesis genes PePAL3/4, PeCAD, Pe4CL5, PeC4H, PeCCOAOMT, PeCOMT, cellulose synthase PeCESA1, and related transcription factors PeSND2, PeKNAT7, PeMYB20, PeMYB63, and PeMYB85 were clearly regulated. These results suggest that PMAP efficiently retards the changes in lignin and cell wall polysaccharides, thus delaying the senescence of tender sweet bamboo shoots during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fanwei Dai
- Sericultural & Agri-Food Research Institute Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Functional Foods, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing, Guangzhou, China
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30
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Shteinberg G, Haj-Ali R, Libonati F, Sharabi M. Plant Biomimetic Principles of Multifunctional Soft Composite Development: A Synergistic Approach Enabling Shape Morphing and Mechanical Robustness. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:3707-3717. [PMID: 38380517 PMCID: PMC11167591 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Plant tissues are constructed as composite material systems of stiff cellulose microfibers reinforcing a soft matrix. Thus, they comprise smart and multifunctional structures that can change shape in response to external stimuli due to asymmetrical fiber alignment and possess robust mechanical properties. Herein, we demonstrate the biomimetics of the plant material system using silk fiber-reinforced alginate hydrogel matrix biocomposites. We fabricate single and bilamellar biocomposites with different fiber orientations. The mechanical behavior of the biocomposites is nonlinear, with large deformations, as in plant tissues. In general, the bilamellar system shows increased modulus, strain UTS, and toughness compared to the single-lamellar system for most of the tested orientations. Overall, the biocomposites present a wide range of elastic modulus values (3.0 ± 0.6-104.7 ± 11.3 MPa) and UTS values (0.23 ± 0.04-12.5 ± 2.0 MPa). The bilamellar biocomposites demonstrated shape-transforming abilities with diverse morphing modes, emulating different plant tissues and creating complex shape-morphing structures. These multifunctional biocomposites possess tunable and robust mechanical properties, controllable shape-morphing deformations, and the ability to self-controlled encapsulation, grip, and release objects. By harnessing biomimetic principles, these soft, smart, and multifunctional materials hold potential applications spanning from soft robotics, medicine, and tissue engineering to sensing and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gital Shteinberg
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel
| | - Rami Haj-Ali
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Flavia Libonati
- Department
of Mechanical, Energy, Management and Transportation Engineering, University of Genoa, Genova 16145, Italy
| | - Mirit Sharabi
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, Ariel University, Ariel 407000, Israel
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31
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Wang M, Kong D, Mo X, Wang Y, Yang Q, Kardol P, Valverde-Barrantes OJ, Simpson MJ, Zeng H, Reich PB, Bergmann J, Tharayil N, Wang J. Molecular-level carbon traits underlie the multidimensional fine root economics space. NATURE PLANTS 2024; 10:901-909. [PMID: 38740944 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01700-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Carbon influences the evolution and functioning of plants and their roots. Previous work examining a small number of commonly measured root traits has revealed a global multidimensionality of the resource economics traits in fine roots considering carbon as primary currency but without considering the diversity of carbon-related traits. To address this knowledge gap, we use data from 66 tree species from a tropical forest to illustrate that root economics space co-varies with a novel molecular-level traits space based on nuclear magnetic resonance. Thinner fine roots exhibit higher proportions of carbohydrates and lower diversity of molecular carbon than thicker roots. Mass-denser fine roots have more lignin and aromatic carbon compounds but less bioactive carbon compounds than lighter roots. Thus, the transition from thin to thick fine roots implies a shift in the root carbon economy from 'do-it-yourself' soil exploration to collaboration with mycorrhizal fungi, while the shift from light to dense fine roots emphasizes a shift from acquisitive to conservative root strategy. We reveal a previously undocumented role of molecular-level carbon traits that potentially undergird the multidimensional root economics space. This finding offers new molecular insight into the diversity of root form and function, which is fundamental to our understanding of plant evolution, species coexistence and adaptations to heterogeneous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengke Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Deliang Kong
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Xiaohan Mo
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingpei Yang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Paul Kardol
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Oscar J Valverde-Barrantes
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Center for Tropical Biodiversity, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hui Zeng
- School of Urban Planning and Design, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Peter B Reich
- Department of Forest Resources University of Minnesota St, Paul, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Institute for Global Change Biology and School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
| | - Joana Bergmann
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Nishanth Tharayil
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Junjian Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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32
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Zhang X, Jia S, He Y, Wen J, Li D, Yang W, Yue Y, Li H, Cheng K, Zhang X. Wall-associated kinase GhWAK13 mediates arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:2180-2194. [PMID: 38095050 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
The cell wall is the major interface for arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis. However, the roles of cell wall proteins and cell wall synthesis in AM symbiosis remain unclear. We reported that a novel wall-associated kinase 13 (GhWAK13) positively regulates AM symbiosis and negatively regulates Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton. GhWAK13 transcription was induced by AM symbiosis and Verticillium dahliae (VD) infection. GhWAK13 is located in the plasma membrane and expressed in the arbuscule-containing cortical cells of mycorrhizal cotton roots. GhWAK13 silencing inhibited AM colonization and repressed gene expression of the mycorrhizal pathway. Moreover, GhWAK13 silencing improved Verticillium wilt resistance and triggered the expression of immunity genes. Therefore, GhWAK13 is considered an immune suppressor required for AM symbiosis and disease resistance. GhWAK7A, a positive regulator of Verticillium wilt resistance, was upregulated in GhWAK13-silenced cotton plants. Silencing GhWAK7A improved AM symbiosis. Oligogalacturonides application also suppressed AM symbiosis. Finally, GhWAK13 negatively affected the cellulose content by regulating the transcription of cellulose synthase genes. The results of this study suggest that immunity suppresses AM symbiosis in cotton. GhWAK13 affects AM symbiosis by suppressing immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Shuangjie Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Yiming He
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Jingshang Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Dongxiao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Wan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Ying Yue
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Huiling Li
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Kai Cheng
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
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33
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Chu LT, Laxman D, Abdelhamed J, Pirlo RK, Fan F, Wagner N, Tran TM, Bui L. Development of a tomato xylem-mimicking microfluidic system to study Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum biofilm formation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1395959. [PMID: 38860138 PMCID: PMC11163092 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1395959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The bacterial wilt pathogen Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum (Rps) colonizes plant xylem vessels and blocks the flow of xylem sap by its biofilm (comprising of bacterial cells and extracellular material), resulting in devastating wilt disease across many economically important host plants including tomatoes. The technical challenges of imaging the xylem environment, along with the use of artificial cell culture plates and media in existing in vitro systems, limit the understanding of Rps biofilm formation and its infection dynamics. In this study, we designed and built a microfluidic system that mimicked the physical and chemical conditions of the tomato xylem vessels, and allowed us to dissect Rps responses to different xylem-like conditions. The system, incorporating functional surface coatings of carboxymethyl cellulose-dopamine, provided a bioactive environment that significantly enhanced Rps attachment and biofilm formation in the presence of tomato xylem sap. Using computational approaches, we confirmed that Rps experienced linear increasing drag forces in xylem-mimicking channels at higher flow rates. Consistently, attachment and biofilm assays conducted in our microfluidic system revealed that both seeding time and flow rates were critical for bacterial adhesion to surface and biofilm formation inside the channels. These findings provided insights into the Rps attachment and biofilm formation processes, contributing to a better understanding of plant-pathogen interactions during wilt disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Thanh Chu
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Deeksha Laxman
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Jenna Abdelhamed
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Russell Kirk Pirlo
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
| | - Fei Fan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Nicholas Wagner
- Department of Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Tuan Minh Tran
- Department of Biology, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Loan Bui
- Department of Biology, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States
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Zhang J, Dong T, Hu Z, Li J, Zhu M, Chen G. A SEPALLATA MADS-Box Transcription Factor, SlMBP21, Functions as a Negative Regulator of Flower Number and Fruit Yields in Tomato. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1421. [PMID: 38794491 PMCID: PMC11125064 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
MADS-box transcription factors act as the crucial regulators in plant organ differentiation. Crop yields are highly influenced by the flower number and fruit growth. However, flower identification is a very complex biological process, which involves many cascade regulations. The molecular mechanisms underlying the genetic regulation of flower identification in cultivated plants, such as tomato, are intricate and require further exploration. In this study, we investigated the vital function of a SEPALLATA (SEP) MADS-box gene, SlMBP21, in tomato sympodial inflorescence meristem (SIM) development for the conversion from SIMs to floral meristems (FMs). SlMBP21 transcripts were primarily accumulated in young inflorescence meristem, flowers, sepals, and abscission zones. The Ailsa Craig (AC++) tomato plants with suppressed SlMBP21 mRNA levels using RNAi exhibited a large increase in flower number and fruit yields in addition to enlarged sepals and inhibited abscission zone development. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the maturation of inflorescence meristems (IMs) was repressed in SlMBP21-RNAi lines. RNA-seq and qRT-PCR analyses showed that numerous genes related to the flower development, plant hormone signal transduction, cell cycle, and cell proliferation et al. were dramatically changed in SlMBP21-RNAi lines. Yeast two-hybrid assay exhibited that SlMBP21 can respectively interact with SlCMB1, SFT, JOINTLESS, and MC, which play key roles in inflorescence meristems or FM development. In summary, our data demonstrate that SlMBP21 functions as a key regulator in SIM development and the conversion from SIMs to FMs, through interacting with other regulatory proteins to control the expression of related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Zhang
- Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Resources Innovation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China;
| | - Tingting Dong
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (T.D.); (M.Z.)
| | - Zongli Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; (Z.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; (Z.H.); (J.L.)
| | - Mingku Zhu
- Institute of Integrative Plant Biology, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221008, China; (T.D.); (M.Z.)
| | - Guoping Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Tomato, Bioengineering College, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; (Z.H.); (J.L.)
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35
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Bou Daher F, Serra L, Carter R, Jönsson H, Robinson S, Meyerowitz EM, Gray WM. Xyloglucan deficiency leads to a reduction in turgor pressure and changes in cell wall properties, affecting early seedling establishment. Curr Biol 2024; 34:2094-2106.e6. [PMID: 38677280 PMCID: PMC11111339 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2024.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Xyloglucan is believed to play a significant role in cell wall mechanics of dicot plants. Surprisingly, Arabidopsis plants defective in xyloglucan biosynthesis exhibit nearly normal growth and development. We investigated a mutant line, cslc-Δ5, lacking activity in all five Arabidopsis cellulose synthase like-C (CSLC) genes responsible for xyloglucan backbone biosynthesis. We observed that this xyloglucan-deficient line exhibited reduced cellulose crystallinity and increased pectin levels, suggesting the existence of feedback mechanisms that regulate wall composition to compensate for the absence of xyloglucan. These alterations in cell wall composition in the xyloglucan-absent plants were further linked to a decrease in cell wall elastic modulus and rupture stress, as observed through atomic force microscopy (AFM) and extensometer-based techniques. This raised questions about how plants with such modified cell wall properties can maintain normal growth. Our investigation revealed two key factors contributing to this phenomenon. First, measurements of turgor pressure, a primary driver of plant growth, revealed that cslc-Δ5 plants have reduced turgor, preventing the compromised walls from bursting while still allowing growth to occur. Second, we discovered the conservation of elastic asymmetry (ratio of axial to transverse wall elasticity) in the mutant, suggesting an additional mechanism contributing to the maintenance of normal growth. This novel feedback mechanism between cell wall composition and mechanical properties, coupled with turgor pressure regulation, plays a central role in the control of plant growth and is critical for seedling establishment in a mechanically challenging environment by affecting shoot emergence and root penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas Bou Daher
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA; Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK.
| | - Leo Serra
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Ross Carter
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Henrik Jönsson
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Sarah Robinson
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK
| | - Elliot M Meyerowitz
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Bateman Street, Cambridge CB2 1LR, UK; Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - William M Gray
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
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36
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Wang Y, Wang M, Yan X, Chen K, Tian F, Yang X, Cao L, Ruan N, Dang Z, Yin X, Huang Y, Li F, Xu Q. The DEP1 Mutation Improves Stem Lodging Resistance and Biomass Saccharification by Affecting Cell Wall Biosynthesis in Rice. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 17:35. [PMID: 38748282 PMCID: PMC11096150 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-024-00712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant cell walls have evolved precise plasticity in response to environmental stimuli. The plant heterotrimeric G protein complexes could sense and transmit extracellular signals to intracellular signaling systems, and activate a series of downstream responses. dep1 (Dense and Erect Panicles 1), the gain-of-function mutation of DEP1 encoding a G protein γ subunit, confers rice multiple improved agronomic traits. However, the effects of DEP1 on cell wall biosynthesis and wall-related agronomic traits remain largely unknown. RESULTS In this study, we showed that the DEP1 mutation affects cell wall biosynthesis, leading to improved lodging resistance and biomass saccharification. The DEP1 is ubiquitously expressed with a relatively higher expression level in tissues rich in cell walls. The CRISPR/Cas9 editing mutants of DEP1 (dep1-cs) displayed a significant enhancement in stem mechanical properties relative to the wild-type, leading to a substantial improvement in lodging resistance. Cell wall analyses showed that the DEP1 mutation increased the contents of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectin, and reduced lignin content and cellulose crystallinity (CrI). Additionally, the dep1-cs seedlings exhibited higher sensitivity to cellulose biosynthesis inhibitors, 2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile (DCB) and isoxaben, compared with the wild-type, confirming the role of DEP1 in cellulose deposition. Moreover, the DEP1 mutation-mediated alterations of cell walls lead to increased enzymatic saccharification of biomass after the alkali pretreatment. Furthermore, the comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that the DEP1 mutation substantially altered expression of genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, and cell wall biosynthesis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed the roles of DEP1 in cell wall biosynthesis, lodging resistance, and biomass saccharification in rice and suggested genetic modification of DEP1 as a potential strategy to develop energy rice varieties with high lodging resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Meihan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xia Yan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kaixuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fuhao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liyu Cao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Nan Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhengjun Dang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xuelin Yin
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuwei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fengcheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Quan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
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37
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Vukelić I, Radić D, Pećinar I, Lević S, Djikanović D, Radotić K, Panković D. Spectroscopic Investigation of Tomato Seed Germination Stimulated by Trichoderma spp. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:340. [PMID: 38785822 PMCID: PMC11118608 DOI: 10.3390/biology13050340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Seed germination is a complex process that can be negatively affected by numerous stresses. Trichoderma spp. are known as effective biocontrol agents as well as plant growth and germination stimulators. However, understanding of the early interactions between seeds and Trichoderma spp. remains limited. In the present paper, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy were used to reveal the nature of tomato seed germination as stimulated by Trichoderma. A rapid response of tomato seeds to Trichoderma spp. was observed within 48 h on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) substrate, preceding any physical contact. Raman analysis indicated that both Trichoderma species stimulated phenolic compound synthesis by triggering plant-specific responses in seed radicles. The impact of T. harzianum and T. brevicompactum on two tomato cultivars resulted in alterations to the middle lamella pectin, cellulose, and xyloglucan in the primary cell wall. The Raman spectra indicated increased xylan content in NA with T9 treatment as well as increased hemicelluloses in GZ with T4 treatment. Moreover, T4 treatment resulted in elevated conjugated aldehydes in lignin in GZ, whereas the trend was reversed in NA. Additionally, FTIR analysis revealed significant changes in total protein levels in Trichoderma spp.-treated tomato seed radicles, with simultaneous decreases in pectin and/or xyloglucan. Our results indicate that two complementary spectroscopic methods, FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, can give valuable information on rapid changes in the plant cell wall structure of tomato radicles during germination stimulated by Trichoderma spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Vukelić
- Faculty of Ecological Agriculture, Educons University, Vojvode Putnika 87, 21208 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia;
| | - Danka Radić
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12/V, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Ilinka Pećinar
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.P.); (S.L.)
| | - Steva Lević
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (I.P.); (S.L.)
| | - Daniela Djikanović
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.D.); (K.R.)
| | - Ksenija Radotić
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia; (D.D.); (K.R.)
| | - Dejana Panković
- Faculty of Ecological Agriculture, Educons University, Vojvode Putnika 87, 21208 Sremska Kamenica, Serbia;
- Julius Kuehn Institute, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Erwin Baur Strasse 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
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38
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Wang Z, Liu T, Wu W, Shi W, Shi J, Mo F, Du C, Wang C, Yang Z. Genome-Wide Identification of the Pectate Lyase Gene Family in Potato and Expression Analysis under Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1322. [PMID: 38794393 PMCID: PMC11125077 DOI: 10.3390/plants13101322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Pectin is a structural polysaccharide and a major component of plant cell walls. Pectate lyases are a class of enzymes that degrade demethylated pectin by cleaving the α-1,4-glycosidic bond, and they play an important role in plant growth and development. Currently, little is known about the PL gene family members and their involvement in salt stress in potato. In this study, we utilized bioinformatics to identify members of the potato pectate lyase gene family and analyzed their gene and amino acid sequence characteristics. The results showed that a total of 27 members of the pectate lyase gene family were identified in potato. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that these genes were divided into eight groups. Analysis of their promoters indicated that several members' promoter regions contained a significant number of hormone and stress response elements. Further, we found that several members responded positively to salt treatment under single salt and mixed salt stress. Since StPL18 exhibited a consistent expression pattern under both single and mixed salt stress conditions, its subcellular localization was determined. The results indicated that StPL18 is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. The results will establish a foundation for analyzing the functions of potato pectate lyase family members and their expression under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhongmin Yang
- College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830000, China; (Z.W.); (T.L.); (W.W.); (W.S.); (J.S.); (F.M.); (C.D.); (C.W.)
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39
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Otulak-Kozieł K, Kozieł E, Treder K, Rusin P. Homogalacturonan Pectins Tuned as an Effect of Susceptible rbohD, Col-0-Reactions, and Resistance rbohF-, rbohD/F-Reactions to TuMV. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5256. [PMID: 38791293 PMCID: PMC11120978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The plant cell wall is an actively reorganized network during plant growth and triggered immunity in response to biotic stress. While the molecular mechanisms managing perception, recognition, and signal transduction in response to pathogens are well studied in the context of damaging intruders, the current understanding of plant cell wall rebuilding and active defense strategies in response to plant virus infections remains poorly characterized. Pectins can act as major elements of the primary cell wall and are dynamic compounds in response to pathogens. Homogalacturonans (HGs), a main component of pectins, have been postulated as defensive molecules in plant-pathogen interactions and linked to resistance responses. This research focused on examining the regulation of selected pectin metabolism components in susceptible (rbohD-, Col-0-TuMV) and resistance (rbohF-, rbohD/F-TuMV) reactions. Regardless of the interaction type, ultrastructural results indicated dynamic cell wall rebuilding. In the susceptible reaction promoted by RbohF, there was upregulation of AtPME3 (pectin methylesterase) but not AtPME17, confirmed by induction of PME3 protein deposition. Moreover, the highest PME activity along with a decrease in cell wall methylesters compared to resistance interactions in rbohD-TuMV were noticed. Consequently, the susceptible reaction of rbohD and Col-0 to TuMV was characterized by a significant domination of low/non-methylesterificated HGs. In contrast, cell wall changes during the resistance response of rbohF and rbohD/F to TuMV were associated with dynamic induction of AtPMEI2, AtPMEI3, AtGAUT1, and AtGAUT7 genes, confirmed by significant induction of PMEI2, PMEI3, and GAUT1 protein deposition. In both resistance reactions, a dynamic decrease in PME activity was documented, which was most intense in rbohD/F-TuMV. This decrease was accompanied by an increase in cell wall methylesters, indicating that the domination of highly methylesterificated HGs was associated with cell wall rebuilding in rbohF and rbohD/F defense responses to TuMV. These findings suggest that selected PME with PMEI enzymes have a diverse impact on the demethylesterification of HGs and metabolism as a result of rboh-TuMV interactions, and are important factors in regulating cell wall changes depending on the type of interaction, especially in resistance responses. Therefore, PMEI2 and PMEI3 could potentially be important signaling resistance factors in the rboh-TuMV pathosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Otulak-Kozieł
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Edmund Kozieł
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute in Radzików, Bonin Division, Department of Potato Protection and Seed Science at Bonin, Bonin Str. 3, 76-009 Bonin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Treder
- Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute—National Research Institute in Radzików, Bonin Division, Department of Potato Protection and Seed Science at Bonin, Bonin Str. 3, 76-009 Bonin, Poland;
| | - Piotr Rusin
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Molina A, Jordá L, Torres MÁ, Martín-Dacal M, Berlanga DJ, Fernández-Calvo P, Gómez-Rubio E, Martín-Santamaría S. Plant cell wall-mediated disease resistance: Current understanding and future perspectives. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:699-724. [PMID: 38594902 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Beyond their function as structural barriers, plant cell walls are essential elements for the adaptation of plants to environmental conditions. Cell walls are dynamic structures whose composition and integrity can be altered in response to environmental challenges and developmental cues. These wall changes are perceived by plant sensors/receptors to trigger adaptative responses during development and upon stress perception. Plant cell wall damage caused by pathogen infection, wounding, or other stresses leads to the release of wall molecules, such as carbohydrates (glycans), that function as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). DAMPs are perceived by the extracellular ectodomains (ECDs) of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) to activate pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and disease resistance. Similarly, glycans released from the walls and extracellular layers of microorganisms interacting with plants are recognized as microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) by specific ECD-PRRs triggering PTI responses. The number of oligosaccharides DAMPs/MAMPs identified that are perceived by plants has increased in recent years. However, the structural mechanisms underlying glycan recognition by plant PRRs remain limited. Currently, this knowledge is mainly focused on receptors of the LysM-PRR family, which are involved in the perception of various molecules, such as chitooligosaccharides from fungi and lipo-chitooligosaccharides (i.e., Nod/MYC factors from bacteria and mycorrhiza, respectively) that trigger differential physiological responses. Nevertheless, additional families of plant PRRs have recently been implicated in oligosaccharide/polysaccharide recognition. These include receptor kinases (RKs) with leucine-rich repeat and Malectin domains in their ECDs (LRR-MAL RKs), Catharanthus roseus RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE 1-LIKE group (CrRLK1L) with Malectin-like domains in their ECDs, as well as wall-associated kinases, lectin-RKs, and LRR-extensins. The characterization of structural basis of glycans recognition by these new plant receptors will shed light on their similarities with those of mammalians involved in glycan perception. The gained knowledge holds the potential to facilitate the development of sustainable, glycan-based crop protection solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Molina
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaría y de Biosistemas, UPM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lucía Jordá
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaría y de Biosistemas, UPM, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ángel Torres
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaría y de Biosistemas, UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Martín-Dacal
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaría y de Biosistemas, UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego José Berlanga
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain; Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaría y de Biosistemas, UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Calvo
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA/CSIC), Campus de Montegancedo UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Spain
| | - Elena Gómez-Rubio
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Martín-Santamaría
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Zhang S, Zhu H, Wang L, Zhang Y, Cen H, Xu T. Effects of Selenium on the Lignin Deposition Pattern and Stem Mechanical Properties of Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:9923-9936. [PMID: 38629800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Lignin provides structural support to plants; however, it reduces their utilization rate. According to our previous studies, selenium (Se) reduces lignin accumulation in alfalfa, but the specific mechanism involved remains unclear. Therefore, at the seedling stage, four root irrigation treatments using 2.5, 50, and 5 μmol/L sodium selenite (S-RI), selenomethionine (SS-RI), Se nanoparticles (SSS-RI), and deionized water (CK-RI) were performed. At the branching stage, four treatments of foliar spraying with the three Se fertilizers described above at a concentration of 0.5 mmol/L (S-FS, SS-FS, and SSS-FS) and deionized water (CK-FS) were administered. The results revealed that all Se treatments chiefly reduced the level of deposition of syringyl (S) lignin in the first internode of alfalfa stems. SS-FS and SSS-FS treatments mainly reduced the deposition of S and guaiacyl (G) lignins in the sixth internode of alfalfa stems, respectively, while S-FS treatment only slightly reduced the deposition of G lignin. S, SS, and SSS-RI treatments reduced the level of deposition of S and G lignins in the sixth internode of alfalfa stems. Se application increased plant height, stem diameter, epidermis (cortex) thickness, primary xylem vessel number (diameter), and pith diameter of alfalfa but decreased primary xylem area and pith parenchyma cell wall thickness of the first internode, and SS(SSS)-FS treatment reduced the mechanical strength of alfalfa stems. Therefore, Se application could decrease lignin accumulation by regulating the organizational structure parameters of alfalfa stems and the deposition pattern of the lignin monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Huisen Zhu
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Yupeng Zhang
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Cen
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- College of Grassland Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, People's Republic of China
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Calderone S, Mauri N, Manga-Robles A, Fornalé S, García-Mir L, Centeno ML, Sánchez-Retuerta C, Ursache R, Acebes JL, Campos N, García-Angulo P, Encina A, Caparrós-Ruiz D. Diverging cell wall strategies for drought adaptation in two maize inbreds with contrasting lodging resistance. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1747-1768. [PMID: 38317308 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The plant cell wall is a plastic structure of variable composition that constitutes the first line of defence against environmental challenges. Lodging and drought are two stressful conditions that severely impact maize yield. In a previous work, we characterised the cell walls of two maize inbreds, EA2024 (susceptible) and B73 (resistant) to stalk lodging. Here, we show that drought induces distinct phenotypical, physiological, cell wall, and transcriptional changes in the two inbreds, with B73 exhibiting lower tolerance to this stress than EA2024. In control conditions, EA2024 stalks had higher levels of cellulose, uronic acids and p-coumarate than B73. However, upon drought EA2024 displayed increased levels of arabinose-enriched polymers, such as pectin-arabinans and arabinogalactan proteins, and a decreased lignin content. By contrast, B73 displayed a deeper rearrangement of cell walls upon drought, including modifications in lignin composition (increased S subunits and S/G ratio; decreased H subunits) and an increase of uronic acids. Drought induced more substantial changes in gene expression in B73 compared to EA2024, particularly in cell wall-related genes, that were modulated in an inbred-specific manner. Transcription factor enrichment assays unveiled inbred-specific regulatory networks coordinating cell wall genes expression. Altogether, these findings reveal that B73 and EA2024 inbreds, with opposite stalk-lodging phenotypes, undertake different cell wall modification strategies in response to drought. We propose that the specific cell wall composition conferring lodging resistance to B73, compromises its cell wall plasticity, and renders this inbred more susceptible to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Calderone
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Edifici CRAG Campus de Bellaterra de la UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Mauri
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Edifici CRAG Campus de Bellaterra de la UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Silvia Fornalé
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Edifici CRAG Campus de Bellaterra de la UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís García-Mir
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Edifici CRAG Campus de Bellaterra de la UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Camila Sánchez-Retuerta
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Edifici CRAG Campus de Bellaterra de la UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Robertas Ursache
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Edifici CRAG Campus de Bellaterra de la UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Narciso Campos
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Edifici CRAG Campus de Bellaterra de la UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Encina
- Area de Fisiología Vegetal, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - David Caparrós-Ruiz
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) Consorci CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB Edifici CRAG Campus de Bellaterra de la UAB, Cerdanyola del Valles, Barcelona, Spain
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Hu J, Wang J, Muhammad T, Tuerdiyusufu D, Yang T, Li N, Yang H, Wang B, Yu Q. Functional analysis of fasciclin-like arabinogalactan in carotenoid synthesis during tomato fruit ripening. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 210:108589. [PMID: 38593485 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Carotenoids are important pigmented nutrients synthesized by tomato fruits during ripening. To reveal the molecular mechanism underlying carotenoid synthesis during tomato fruit ripening, we analyzed carotenoid metabolites and transcriptomes in six development stages of tomato fruits. A total of thirty different carotenoids were detected and quantified in tomato fruits from 10 to 60 DPA. Based on differential gene expression profiles and WGCNA, we explored several genes that were highly significant and negatively correlated with lycopene, all of which encode fasciclin-like arabinogalactan proteins (FLAs). The FLAs are involved in plant signal transduction, however the functional role of these proteins has not been studied in tomato. Genome-wide analysis revealed that cultivated and wild tomato species contained 18 to 22 FLA family members, clustered into four groups, and mainly evolved by means of segmental duplication. The functional characterization of FLAs showed that silencing of SlFLA1, 5, and 13 were found to contribute to the early coloration of tomato fruits, and the expression of carotenoid synthesis-related genes was up-regulated in fruits that changed phenotypically, especially in SlFLA13-silenced plants. Furthermore, the content of multiple carotenoids (including (E/Z)-phytoene, lycopene, γ-carotene, and α-carotene) was significantly increased in SlFLA13-silenced fruits, suggesting that SlFLA13 has a potential inhibitory function in regulating carotenoid synthesis in tomato fruits. The results of the present study broaden the idea of analyzing the biological functions of tomato FLAs and preliminary evidence for the inhibitory role of SlFLA13 in carotenoid synthesis in fruit, providing the theoretical basis and a candidate for improving tomato fruit quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Hu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China; College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
| | - Tayeb Muhammad
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
| | - Diliaremu Tuerdiyusufu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China; College of Computer and Information Engineering, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
| | - Ning Li
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
| | - Haitao Yang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China
| | - Baike Wang
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China.
| | - Qinghui Yu
- Institute of Horticulture Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Key Laboratory of Genome Research and Genetic Improvement of Xinjiang Characteristic Fruits and Vegetables), Urumqi, China; College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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Yang Y, Zhou X, Zhu X, Ding B, Jiang L, Zhang H, Li S, Cao S, Zhang M, Pei Y, Hou L. GhMYB52 Like: A Key Factor That Enhances Lint Yield by Negatively Regulating the Lignin Biosynthesis Pathway in Fibers of Upland Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4921. [PMID: 38732136 PMCID: PMC11084151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of sustainable agriculture and biomaterial development, understanding and enhancing plant secondary cell wall formation are crucial for improving crop fiber quality and biomass conversion efficiency. This is especially critical for economically important crops like upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), for which fiber quality and its processing properties are essential. Through comprehensive genome-wide screening and analysis of expression patterns, we identified a particularly high expression of an R2R3 MYB transcription factor, GhMYB52 Like, in the development of the secondary cell wall in cotton fiber cells. Utilizing gene-editing technology to generate a loss-of-function mutant to clarify the role of GhMYB52 Like, we revealed that GhMYB52 Like does not directly contribute to cellulose synthesis in cotton fibers but instead represses a subset of lignin biosynthesis genes, establishing it as a lignin biosynthesis inhibitor. Concurrently, a substantial decrease in the lint index, a critical measure of cotton yield, was noted in parallel with an elevation in lignin levels. This study not only deepens our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying cotton fiber development but also offers new perspectives for the molecular improvement of other economically important crops and the enhancement of biomass energy utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (B.D.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (S.L.); (S.C.); (M.Z.); (Y.P.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- Laboratory Animal Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
| | - Xi Zhu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (B.D.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (S.L.); (S.C.); (M.Z.); (Y.P.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Bo Ding
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (B.D.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (S.L.); (S.C.); (M.Z.); (Y.P.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Linzhu Jiang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (B.D.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (S.L.); (S.C.); (M.Z.); (Y.P.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huiming Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (B.D.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (S.L.); (S.C.); (M.Z.); (Y.P.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Silu Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (B.D.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (S.L.); (S.C.); (M.Z.); (Y.P.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuyan Cao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (B.D.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (S.L.); (S.C.); (M.Z.); (Y.P.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mi Zhang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (B.D.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (S.L.); (S.C.); (M.Z.); (Y.P.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Pei
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (B.D.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (S.L.); (S.C.); (M.Z.); (Y.P.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lei Hou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.Y.); (X.Z.); (B.D.); (L.J.); (H.Z.); (S.L.); (S.C.); (M.Z.); (Y.P.)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Santos CM, Santos TF, Aquino MS, Mavinkere Rangappa S, Siengchin S, Suyambulingam I. Era of bast fibers-based polymer composites for replacement of man-made fibers. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29761. [PMID: 38681634 PMCID: PMC11053226 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Bast fibers are defined as those obtained from the outer cell layers of the bast of various plant families. They are finding use in textile applications and are widely used as reinforcements for green composites, as bast fibers are perceived as "sustainable". There is a growing demand for bast fibers across the world due to their renewable and biodegradable nature. The bast fibers are mainly composed of cellulose, which potentially considers the growing techniques, harvesting and extraction processes of bast fibers most used to produce fibers with appropriate quality to apply in the daily lives of modern men and women in contemporary society. This review paper looks at many aspects of natural fibers, with a focus on plant bast fibers, including their impact on prehistoric and historical society. This review shows that bast fibers are competitive compared to man-made fibers in many applications, but variability in mechanical properties and low tenacity may limit their use in high-strengthh composites and extend to, particularly in aerospace, automotive, packaging, building industries, insulation, E-composites (Eco composites), geotextiles and many other applications are currently being explored. Considering, important characteristics of bast fibers include physical, mechanical, and chemical properties. This makes bast fibers one of the most important classes of plant fibers to use as reinforcing agents in thermosetting/thermoplastic polymer matrices. And the effect of bast fibers as reinforcement in the properties of ECO-composites, GREEN-composites, BIO-composites, lightweight composites. Bast fibers play an important role in sustainability, the preservation of the health of the environment, the well-being of the next generation, and even the daily lives of men and women in the contemporary world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroliny M. Santos
- Textiles Technologies Study Group (GETTEX), Laboratory of Knitting, Department of Textile Engineering (DET), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Thiago F. Santos
- Textiles Technologies Study Group (GETTEX), Laboratory of Knitting, Department of Textile Engineering (DET), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Ecobrasil Industry and Export of Sisal Eireli (ECOBRASIL), Sisaltec Sisal Fiber Industry (SISALTEC), Rodovia Br 101 Norte 10500, Zip code: 59115-00, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Marcos S. Aquino
- Textiles Technologies Study Group (GETTEX), Laboratory of Knitting, Department of Textile Engineering (DET), Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suchart Siengchin
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Indran Suyambulingam
- Natural Composites Research Group Lab, Department of Materials and Production Engineering, The Sirindhorn International Thai-German School of Engineering (TGGS), King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Bangkok, Thailand
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Du Y, Zhao H, Feng N, Zheng D, Khan A, Zhou H, Deng P, Wang Y, Lu X, Jiang W. Alginate Oligosaccharides Alleviate Salt Stress in Rice Seedlings by Regulating Cell Wall Metabolism to Maintain Cell Wall Structure and Improve Lodging Resistance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1215. [PMID: 38732430 PMCID: PMC11085217 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that damage the structure and composition of cell walls. Alginate oligosaccharides (AOS) have been advocated to significantly improve plant stress tolerance. The metabolic mechanism by which AOS induces salt tolerance in rice cell walls remains unclear. Here, we report the impact of AOS foliar application on the cell wall composition of rice seedlings using the salt-tolerant rice variety FL478 and the salt-sensitive variety IR29. Data revealed that salt stress decreased biomass, stem basal width, stem breaking strength, and lodging resistance; however, it increased cell wall thickness. In leaves, exogenous AOS up-regulated the expression level of OSCESA8, increased abscisic acid (ABA) and brassinosteroids (BR) content, and increased β-galacturonic activity, polygalacturonase activity, xylanase activity, laccase activity, biomass, and cellulose content. Moreover, AOS down-regulated the expression levels of OSMYB46 and OSIRX10 and decreased cell wall hemicellulose, pectin, and lignin content to maintain cell wall stability under salt stress. In stems, AOS increased phenylalamine ammonia-lyase and tyrosine ammonia-lyase activities, while decreasing cellulase, laccase, and β-glucanase activities. Furthermore, AOS improved the biomass and stem basal width and also enhanced the cellulose, pectin, and lignin content of the stem, As a result, increased resistance to stem breakage strength and alleviated salt stress-induced damage, thus enhancing the lodging resistance. Under salt stress, AOS regulates phytohormones and modifies cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin metabolism to maintain cell wall structure and improve stem resistance to lodging. This study aims to alleviate salt stress damage to rice cell walls, enhance resistance to lodging, and improve salt tolerance in rice by exogenous application of AOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Du
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Huimin Zhao
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Naijie Feng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Dianfeng Zheng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen 518108, China
| | - Aaqil Khan
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
| | - Hang Zhou
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Peng Deng
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yaxing Wang
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Xutong Lu
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Wenxin Jiang
- College of Coastal Agriculture Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (Y.D.); (H.Z.); (A.K.); (H.Z.); (P.D.); (Y.W.); (X.L.); (W.J.)
- South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Li Y, Zhang Y, Cui J, Wang X, Li M, Zhang L, Kang J. Genome-Wide Identification, Phylogenetic and Expression Analysis of Expansin Gene Family in Medicago sativa L. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4700. [PMID: 38731920 PMCID: PMC11083626 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Expansins, a class of cell-wall-loosening proteins that regulate plant growth and stress resistance, have been studied in a variety of plant species. However, little is known about the Expansins present in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) due to the complexity of its tetraploidy. Based on the alfalfa (cultivar "XinjiangDaye") reference genome, we identified 168 Expansin members (MsEXPs). Phylogenetic analysis showed that MsEXPs consist of four subfamilies: MsEXPAs (123), MsEXPBs (25), MsEXLAs (2), and MsEXLBs (18). MsEXPAs, which account for 73.2% of MsEXPs, and are divided into twelve groups (EXPA-I-EXPA-XII). Of these, EXPA-XI members are specific to Medicago trunctula and alfalfa. Gene composition analysis revealed that the members of each individual subfamily shared a similar structure. Interestingly, about 56.3% of the cis-acting elements were predicted to be associated with abiotic stress, and the majority were MYB- and MYC-binding motifs, accounting for 33.9% and 36.0%, respectively. Our short-term treatment (≤24 h) with NaCl (200 mM) or PEG (polyethylene glycol, 15%) showed that the transcriptional levels of 12 MsEXPs in seedlings were significantly altered at the tested time point(s), indicating that MsEXPs are osmotic-responsive. These findings imply the potential functions of MsEXPs in alfalfa adaptation to high salinity and/or drought. Future studies on MsEXP expression profiles under long-term (>24 h) stress treatment would provide valuable information on their involvement in the response of alfalfa to abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (X.W.); (M.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (X.W.); (M.L.); (L.Z.)
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jing Cui
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (X.W.); (M.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xue Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (X.W.); (M.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Mingna Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (X.W.); (M.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Lili Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (X.W.); (M.L.); (L.Z.)
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (X.W.); (M.L.); (L.Z.)
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Michalak KM, Wojciechowska N, Marzec-Schmidt K, Bagniewska-Zadworna A. Conserved autophagy and diverse cell wall composition: unifying features of vascular tissues in evolutionarily distinct plants. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2024; 133:559-572. [PMID: 38324309 PMCID: PMC11037490 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcae015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The formation of multifunctional vascular tissues represents a significant advancement in plant evolution. Differentiation of conductive cells is specific, involving two main pathways, namely protoplast clearance and cell wall modification. In xylogenesis, autophagy is a crucial process for complete protoplast elimination in tracheary elements, whose cell wall also undergoes strong changes. Knowledge pertaining to living sieve elements, which lose most of their protoplast during phloemogenesis, remains limited. We hypothesized that autophagy plays a crucial role, not only in complete cytoplasmic clearance in xylem but also in partial degradation in phloem. Cell wall elaborations of mature sieve elements are not so extensive. These analyses performed on evolutionarily diverse model species potentially make it possible to understand phloemogenesis to an equal extent to xylogenesis. METHODS We investigated the distribution of ATG8 protein, which is an autophagy marker, and cell wall components in the roots of ferns, gymnosperms and angiosperms (monocots, dicot herbaceous plants and trees). Furthermore, we conducted a bioinformatic analysis of complete data on ATG8 isoforms for Ceratopteris richardii. KEY RESULTS The presence of ATG8 protein was confirmed in both tracheary elements and sieve elements; however, the composition of cell wall components varied considerably among vascular tissues in the selected plants. Arabinogalactan proteins and β-1,4-galactan were detected in the roots of all studied species, suggesting their potential importance in phloem formation or function. In contrast, no evolutionary pattern was observed for xyloglucan, arabinan or homogalacturonan. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the involvement of autophagy in plants is universal during the development of tracheary elements that are dead at maturity and sieve elements that remain alive. Given the conserved nature of autophagy and its function in protoplast degradation for uninterrupted flow, autophagy might have played a vital role in the development of increasingly complex biological organizations, including the formation of vascular tissues. However, different cell wall compositions of xylem and phloem in different species might indicate diverse functionality and potential for substance transport, which is crucial in plant evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornel M Michalak
- Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Wojciechowska
- Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Bagniewska-Zadworna
- Department of General Botany, Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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Chibrikov V, Pieczywek PM, Cybulska J, Zdunek A. Coarse-grained molecular dynamics model to evaluate the mechanical properties of bacterial cellulose-hemicellulose composites. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 330:121827. [PMID: 38368106 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.121827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
The plant cell wall (PCW) inspires the preparation of fiber-based biomaterials, particularly emphasizing exploiting the intrinsic interactions within the load-bearing cellulose and hemicellulose network. Due to experimental difficulties in studying and interpreting the interaction between these polysaccharides, this research presents a numerical model based on coarse-grained molecular dynamics that evaluates the mechanical properties of fiber composites. To validate the model and explain the structural and mechanical role of hemicelluloses, bacterial cellulose (BC) was synthesized in the presence of different concentrations of xylan, arabinoxylan, xyloglucan, or glucomannan and subjected to nano- and macroscale structural and mechanical characterization. The data obtained were used to interpret the effects of each hemicellulose on the mechanics of the BC-hemicellulose composite based on the sensitivity of the model. The mechanical properties of the resulting simulated networks agreed well with the experimental observations of the BC-hemicellulose composites. Increased xylan and arabinoxylan contents increased the macroscale mechanical properties, fiber modulus (xylan), and fiber width (arabinoxylan). The addition of xyloglucan increased the mechanical properties of the composites in the elastic deformation phase, associated with an increase in the fiber modulus. Adding glucomannan to the culture medium decreased all the mechanical properties studied while the fiber width increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadym Chibrikov
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Piotr Mariusz Pieczywek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Justyna Cybulska
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
| | - Artur Zdunek
- Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4 Str., 20-290 Lublin, Poland.
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50
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Chen Y, Wu J, Ma C, Zhang D, Zhou D, Zhang J, Yan M. Metabolome and transcriptome analyses reveal changes of rapeseed in response to ABA signal during early seedling development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:245. [PMID: 38575879 PMCID: PMC11000593 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04918-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Seed germination is an important development process in plant growth. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a critical role during seed germination. However, the mechanism of rapeseed in response to ABA is still elusive. In order to understand changes of rapeseed under exogenous ABA treatment, we explored differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between mock- and ABA-treated seedlings. A widely targeted LC-MS/MS based metabolomics were used to identify and quantify metabolic changes in response to ABA during seed germination, and a total of 186 significantly DEMs were identified. There are many compounds which are involved in ABA stimuli, especially some specific ABA transportation-related metabolites such as starches and lipids were screened out. Meanwhile, a total of 4440 significantly DEGs were identified by transcriptomic analyses. There was a significant enrichment of DEGs related to phenylpropanoid and cell wall organization. It suggests that exogenous ABA mainly affects seed germination by regulating cell wall loosening. Finally, the correlation analysis of the key DEMs and DEGs indicates that many DEGs play a direct or indirect regulatory role in DEMs metabolism. The integrative analysis between DEGs and DEMs suggests that the starch and sucrose pathways were the key pathway in ABA responses. The two metabolites from starch and sucrose pathways, levan and cellobiose, both were found significantly down-regulated in ABA-treated seedlings. These comprehensive metabolic and transcript analyses provide useful information for the subsequent post-transcriptional modification and post germination growth of rapeseed in response to ABA signals and stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqian Chen
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Jinfeng Wu
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China.
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410125, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China.
| | - Changrui Ma
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Dawei Zhang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Dinggang Zhou
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410125, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Jihong Zhang
- School of Life and Health Sciences, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Economic Crops Genetic Improvement and Integrated Utilization, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan, 411201, China
| | - Mingli Yan
- Yuelushan Laboratory, Changsha, 410125, China.
- Hunan Research Center of Heterosis Utilization in Rapeseed, Crop Research Institute, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha, 410125, China.
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