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Young-Silva Y, Berenguera A, Juvinyà-Canal D, Martí-Lluch R, Arroyo-Uriarte P, Tamayo-Morales O, Marcilla-Toribio I, Elizondo-Alzola U, Méndez-López F, Chela-Àlvarez X, Motrico E. Exploring personal aptitudes and personality traits that, together with social determinants, shape health behaviors and conduct: a thematic analysis based on the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behavior (COM-B) change system. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1387528. [PMID: 38898892 PMCID: PMC11186474 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1387528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Effective implementation of strategies to promote health and prevent noncommunicable illnesses requires a profound understanding of the interaction between the individual and society. This study brings to health research the consideration of psychosocial factors that influence the maintenance and change of health behaviors and conduct. From a primary care perspective, it is crucial to propose a biopsychosocial approach for the development of health promotion and self-care programs that embrace personal aptitudes as a relevant individual aspect. Objectives To explore experiences related to personal aptitudes and personality traits that influence health behaviors and conduct, taking into account the social determinants of health, through a thematic analysis based on the capability-opportunity-motivation and behavior (COM-B) system. Methods and analysis This qualitative research is carried out from a descriptive phenomenological perspective, based on 17 focus groups in which 156 people participated. Inductive and deductive analysis techniques were used following Lincoln and Guba's criteria of methodological rigor. In addition to 7 different triangulations of analysts, 6 main categories were identified based on the COM-B system: psychological capacity, physical capacity, physical opportunity, social opportunity, reflective motivation, and automatic motivation. The importance of considering these factors to promote healthy behaviors was stressed. Discussion This study examined how personal experiences related personal aptitudes and personality traits influence health behaviors and conduct in Spain. It was found that personality traits such as health literacy, self-efficacy, activation, and self-determination can influence the adoption of healthy behaviors. Likewise, the need for control, overthinking, and ambivalence made it impossible. Furthermore, social determinants of health and interpersonal relationships also play an important role. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04386135. Registered on April 30, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudy Young-Silva
- Unitat de Suport a la Recerca Girona, Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Goli Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Escola de doctorat, Universitat de Girona, Girona, España
| | - Anna Berenguera
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Goli Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
- Department d’Infermeria, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
- Departament de Salut Pública. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, España
- Country Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Prevention and Promotion (RICAPPS), Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Dolors Juvinyà-Canal
- Department d’Infermeria, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
- Grup de Recerca Salut i Atenció sanitària Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
- Càtedra de Promoció de la Salut Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain
| | - Ruth Martí-Lluch
- Departament de Salut Pública. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, España
- Country Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Prevention and Promotion (RICAPPS), Bellaterra, Spain
- Vascular Health Research Group of Girona, Institut Universitari per a la Recerca a l’Atenció Primària Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Girona, Spain
- Parc Hospitalari Martí Julià, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (IDIBGI), Salt, Spain
| | - Paula Arroyo-Uriarte
- Country Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Prevention and Promotion (RICAPPS), Bellaterra, Spain
- Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Olaya Tamayo-Morales
- Country Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Prevention and Promotion (RICAPPS), Bellaterra, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Salamanca, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Irene Marcilla-Toribio
- Centro de Estudios Sociosanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Melchor Cano, Campus de Cuenca s/n, Cuenca, Spain
- Grupo de Investigación Health, Gender, and Social Determinants, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Edificio Melchor Cano, Campus de Cuenca s/n, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Usue Elizondo-Alzola
- Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias de la Diseminación e Implementación en Servicios Sanitarios, Instituto Investigación de Biocruces, Barakaldo, Spain
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Debagoiena-Integrated Health Care Organization, Pharmacy Service (Primary Care), Arrasate, Gipuzkoa, Spain
| | - Fátima Méndez-López
- Country Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Prevention and Promotion (RICAPPS), Bellaterra, Spain
- Aragonese Primary Care Research Group (GAIAP), Institute for Health Research Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Xènia Chela-Àlvarez
- Country Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Prevention and Promotion (RICAPPS), Bellaterra, Spain
- Primary Care Research Unit of Mallorca (IB-Salut), Balearic Health Service, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
- Research Group in Primary Care and Promotion-Balearic Islands Community (GRAPP-caIB), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Emma Motrico
- Country Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Prevention and Promotion (RICAPPS), Bellaterra, Spain
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBIS), University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Kang AH, Kim JK, Ailshire J, Crimmins EM. Shingles Vaccine Uptake Among Older Adults: Identifying Early, Later, and Nonadopters. AJPM FOCUS 2023; 2:100143. [PMID: 37920403 PMCID: PMC10618697 DOI: 10.1016/j.focus.2023.100143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Introduction There is growing interest in accelerating adoptions of vaccines. This study examined factors that differentiate the acceptance and timing of uptake of the first shingles vaccine, Zostavax, among older adults in the U.S. Methods Data from Health and Retirement Study respondents who were aged ≥62 years in 2008 were analyzed to determine whether they received a shingles vaccination from 2006 to 2016. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the characteristics associated with vaccine uptake and timing. Results Of those eligible, 15.2% were vaccinated early (between 2006 and 2010), 20.2% were vaccinated later, and 64.6% remained unvaccinated 10 years after the shingles vaccine was introduced. Respondents more likely to be vaccinated were those who had higher education and income, experience with influenza vaccination, more frequent social interaction with friends, or were residing in an area with higher shingles vaccination rates. Conclusions Shingles vaccination rates vary by social and geographic characteristics. Efforts to improve and expedite vaccination and other new preventive measures should target specific populations and geographic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jung Ki Kim
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jennifer Ailshire
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Eileen M. Crimmins
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Cintoli S, Elefante C, Radicchi C, Brancati GE, Bacciardi S, Bonaccorsi J, Siciliano G, Maremmani I, Perugi G, Tognoni G. Could Temperamental Features Modulate Participation in Clinical Trials? J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12031121. [PMID: 36769768 PMCID: PMC9917573 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12031121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The prodromal stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are the primary focus of research aimed at slowing disease progression. This study explores the influence of affective temperament on the motivation of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD) to participate in clinical trials. One hundred four subjects with MCI and SCD were screened for participation in pharmacological and non-pharmacological trials. Affective temperament was assessed based on the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS) scale. Demographic variables and temperament subscales scores were compared between MCI and SCD patients and among patients participating in the pharmacological trial, the non-pharmacological trial and refusing participation. Twenty-one subjects consented to participate in the pharmacological trial, seventy consented to the non-pharmacological trial and thirteen refused to participate in any trial. Patients with SCD had greater education and more depressive temperamental traits than those with MCI. While older age, higher education and anxious temperament were negatively associated with participation in the pharmacological trial, irritable temperamental positively predicted pharmacological trial participation. In conclusion, temperamental features may affect the willingness of patients with MCI and SCD to take part in clinical trials and, especially, the choice to participate in pharmacological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Cintoli
- Neurology Unit, Santa Chiara University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Camilla Elefante
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Radicchi
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulio Emilio Brancati
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Bacciardi
- Department of Psychiatry, North-Western Tuscany Region NHS Local Health Unit, Versilia Zone, 55049 Viareggio, Italy
- PISA-School of Clinical and Experimental Psychiatry, 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Joyce Bonaccorsi
- Neurology Unit, Santa Chiara University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Siciliano
- Neurology Unit, Santa Chiara University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Icro Maremmani
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- G. De Lisio Institute of Behavioral Sciences, 56127 Pisa, Italy
- Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences (UniCamillus), 00131 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-992965; Fax: +39-050-993267
| | - Giulio Perugi
- Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- G. De Lisio Institute of Behavioral Sciences, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gloria Tognoni
- Neurology Unit, Santa Chiara University Hospital, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Bohmann AK, Martinez-Berman L, Senger AR, Wise de Valdez MR. Personality and city culture predict attitudes and practices toward mosquitoes and mosquito-borne diseases in South Texas. Front Public Health 2022; 10:919780. [PMID: 36419988 PMCID: PMC9676665 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.919780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Personality is known to affect compliance with health-protective behaviors and it has been shown that effective public health messaging can be informed by an understanding of that relationship. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the role personality might play in implementing personal protective measures (PPMs) that can prevent mosquito-borne diseases. This is the first mosquito-related knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) study to incorporate a measure of personality using the Big Five: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. KAP studies in Gulf-coast and Mexican border-states in the U.S. are few. Ours is only the second KAP study to take place in Texas despite known local transmission and established mosquito populations capable of transmitting dengue, zika, chikungunya, and West Nile viruses. The KAP survey was administered in three neighborhoods in San Antonio, a large, Hispanic-majority, urban city that is segregated economically and ecologically. We found that openness, agreeableness, and extraversion predicted certain attitudes and PPMs, and that KAP and personality measures did not differ along ethnic or neighborhood lines. Perceptions toward the city's role in mosquito control and education was an important factor in predicting PPMs, suggesting that city culture (attitudes common throughout the city as opposed to attitudes differing by ethnicity and neighborhood) may be most salient in developing public health messaging in San Antonio.
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Hubbell Z, Howard S, Golden A, Stange B, Cragle D, Dally M, McInerney J, Newman LS. Factors linked to participant attrition in a longitudinal occupational health surveillance program. Am J Ind Med 2022; 65:431-446. [PMID: 35460278 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For occupational medical screening programs focused on long-term health surveillance, participant attrition is a significant barrier to success. We investigate demographic, medical history, and clinical data from National Supplemental Screening Program (NSSP) examinees for association with likelihood of return for a second exam (rescreening). METHODS A total of 15,733 individuals completed at least one NSSP exam before December 31, 2016; of those, 4832 also completed a second exam on or before December 31, 2019. Stepwise logistic regression models were used to identify variables associated with whether a participant was rescreened in the NSSP. RESULTS Individuals were less likely to return for rescreening if they had a history of any cancer; cardiovascular problems; diabetes or kidney disease; or if they used insulin. Age at time of first exam and job site category significantly influenced likelihood of return. Workers categorized as "guests" were more likely to return. Participants were less likely to return if they had an abnormal urinalysis, abnormal pulmonary function, pneumoconiosis, aortic atherosclerosis, or hearing loss at their initial exam. Participants who received a chest X-ray at their initial screening were more likely to return. CONCLUSIONS The presence of health problems is strongly linked to screening program attrition. Participants who are older at the time of their initial screening exam are less likely to return. The discovery of several strong demographic, medical, and job associations reveals the importance for medical screening programs to understand and address factors that influence participant retention and, consequently, the effectiveness of long-term health surveillance activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah Hubbell
- Epidemiology and Exposure Science Oak Ridge Associated Universities Arvada Colorado USA
| | - Sara Howard
- Epidemiology and Exposure Science Oak Ridge Associated Universities Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
| | - Ashley Golden
- Epidemiology and Exposure Science Oak Ridge Associated Universities Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
| | - Bill Stange
- Epidemiology and Exposure Science Oak Ridge Associated Universities Arvada Colorado USA
| | - Donna Cragle
- Epidemiology and Exposure Science Oak Ridge Associated Universities Oak Ridge Tennessee USA
| | - Miranda Dally
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
| | - John McInerney
- Epidemiology and Exposure Science Oak Ridge Associated Universities Arvada Colorado USA
| | - Lee S. Newman
- Center for Health, Work & Environment, Colorado School of Public Health University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora Colorado USA
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Løset GK, von Soest T. Big five personality traits and physician-certified sickness absence. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/08902070211065236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Although several studies show that personality traits are associated with absenteeism, few large-scale studies have examined these relationships prospectively, integrating survey data and register data on sickness absence. This study examines whether personality is associated with sickness absence, and whether health factors, gender, age, type of occupation and job satisfaction moderate this relationship. We combine survey data assessing the Big Five personality traits from a large sample of Norwegian employees aged 18–62 years ( N = 5017) with register data on physician-certified sickness absence up to four years after. Negative binomial regression analyses showed that extraversion was positively associated with subsequent sickness absence when controlling for several covariates, including health, work factors and previous spells of sickness absence. Neuroticism also showed significant positive associations with sick leave; however, the association diminished when accounting for previous spells of sickness absence. Moderator analyses demonstrated that age and type of occupation affected some of the associations between personality and sickness absence. The findings indicate that – in addition to general health promotion measures – specific interventions targeting individuals high in extraversion may be beneficial in reducing sick leave. How socio-demographic and work-related factors moderate the relationship between personality and sickness absence may be an interesting future research area.
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Nakagomi A, Shiba K, Ueno T, Kondo K, Kawachi I. General health checks and incident dementia: A six-year follow-up study of community-dwelling older adults in Japan. Prev Med 2021; 153:106757. [PMID: 34348136 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2021.106757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
General health checks to detect cardiovascular risk factors form part of routine health care in many countries. Cardiovascular disease and dementia share a number of risk factors; however it remains unclear whether general health checks can reduce the incidence of dementia. We used longitudinal data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study with up to 6.4 years follow-up (from 2010 to 2016). A total of 31,012 disability-free adults aged 65-74 were included. The outcome variable was dementia onset certified under the national long-term care insurance system. The treatment variable was defined as having health checks within the past 12 months prior to the baseline survey in 2010. After multiple imputation, we performed propensity score matching (PSM) to exclude off-support individuals who were the least likely to have health checks. We also performed inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) to estimate the effect of the treatment if everyone within the population was compliant to health checks. The hazard ratios for dementia onset among those reporting health checks within the previous year was 0.89 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.78, 1.02) in the PSM analysis and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.95) in the IPTW analysis. We then estimated the effect of health checks on 5-year incident dementia. The 5-year cumulative incidence difference based on the PSM analysis was -0.0046 (95%CI: -0.0101, 0.0009), while that based on the IPTW analysis was -0.0046 (95%CI, -0.0090, -0.0002). The PSM and IPTW approaches yielded similar findings that the incidence of dementia was lower among people having health checks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nakagomi
- Takemi Program in International Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Koichiro Shiba
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Takayuki Ueno
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
| | - Katsunori Kondo
- Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kawachi
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Burnos A, Skrobowski A. Temperamental and Personality Traits as Factors Related to Changes in Health Behaviors and Quality of Life in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome in Poland. Front Psychol 2021; 12:709935. [PMID: 34566787 PMCID: PMC8462662 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.709935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle changes in diet and physical activity are necessary for managing metabolic syndrome. The aim of this longitudinal study was to examine temperamental and personality traits as moderators of lifestyle changes prompted by motivational intervention. The sample consisted of 50 patients aged 22–65years (M=45.26; SD=9.79) who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for metabolic syndrome and were undergoing treatment at the Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw. There were two measurements: an initial measurement and a second 15months after motivational counseling. Each patient completed the questionnaires: Formal Characteristics of Behavior – Temperament Inventory, NEO Five Factor Inventory, Inventory of Health Behavior, and Short Form Survey SF-36. Body Mass Index (BMI), Fat Mass, Fat-free Mass, Intracellular Water, and Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) were also measured. Data were analyzed using dependent samples t-tests to detect the changes in consecutive measurements, the hierarchical regression analysis was used to investigate temperamental and personality traits as predictors of change, the cluster analysis was used to extract the subgroups of patients with distinct profiles of temperamental and personality traits, and the analysis of variance was used to analyze extracted profiles as potential moderators of change. Three subgroups were extracted using k-means clustering: patients with higher Neuroticism, Perseveration, and Emotional Reactivity; patients higher Extraversion, Briskness, Sensory Sensitivity, Endurance, Activity, and Conscientiousness; and patients with lower Perseveration. All patients improved significantly in terms of physical quality of life (QoL), health behaviors, BMI, BMR, and Fat-free Mass (p<0.05). Regression analysis found that higher Sensory Sensitivity, lower Perseveration, and higher Agreeableness fostered positive change (p<0.05). Patients with higher Neuroticism, Perseveration, and Emotional Reactivity also improved in terms of their Emotional Quality of Life and Health Practices, reaching parity with other patients, which was verified on the basis of statistically significant interaction (p<0.05). The temperamental and personality trait profiles moderated the changes in health practices and emotional QoL. Motivational counseling was effective for patients diagnosed with metabolic syndrome in general, but patients with higher Neuroticism, Perseveration, and Emotional Reactivity benefited even more, as they were in poorer psychological condition before the motivational intervention.
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Ene C, Rîndașu C, Ionescu D. Patients’ personality in disease self-management. A self-determination perspective. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02240-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Hajek A, Kretzler B, König HH. Personality and the use of cancer screenings. A systematic review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244655. [PMID: 33370379 PMCID: PMC7769487 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND No systematic review exists synthesizing studies examining the association between personality factors and use of cancer screenings. Hence, the aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of empirical findings from observational studies investigating the link between personality factors (in terms of agreeableness, conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism and openness to experience) and use of cancer screenings. METHODS Medline, PsycInfo and CINAHL were searched using predefined search terms. Observational studies examining the link between personality factors and use of cancer screenings using validated tools were included. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed by two reviewers. RESULTS In total, n = 11 studies were included in our systematic review. There is mostly inconclusive evidence regarding the link between agreeableness, neuroticism, openness to experience and the use of cancer screenings. Clearer evidence was identified for an association between increased extraversion and an increased use of cancer screenings. Moreover, the majority of studies identified a link between increased conscientiousness and an increased use of cancer screenings. DISCUSSION Studies indicate that personality factors, particularly an increased extraversion and increased conscientiousness, are associated with an increased use of cancer screenings. This knowledge may be beneficial to address individuals at risk for underuse. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020176830.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Hajek
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Benedikt Kretzler
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Helmut König
- Department of Health Economics and Health Services Research, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Chien SY, Chuang MC, Chen IP. Factors Influencing Residents’ Decision to Participate in Health Screening in Taiwan: A Qualitative Study. Health (London) 2020. [DOI: 10.4236/health.2020.125039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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12
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Waszczuk MA, Li K, Ruggero CJ, Clouston SAP, Luft BJ, Kotov R. Maladaptive Personality Traits and 10-Year Course of Psychiatric and Medical Symptoms and Functional Impairment Following Trauma. Ann Behav Med 2019; 52:697-712. [PMID: 30010707 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kax030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Personality is a major predictor of many mental and physical disorders, but its contributions to illness course are understudied. Purpose The current study aimed to explore whether personality is associated with a course of psychiatric and medical illness over 10 years following trauma. Methods World Trade Center (WTC) responders (N = 532) completed the personality inventory for DSM-5, which measures both broad domains and narrow facets. Responders' mental and physical health was assessed in the decade following the WTC disaster during annual monitoring visits at a WTC Health Program clinic. Multilevel modeling was used in an exploratory manner to chart the course of health and functioning, and examine associations of maladaptive personality domains and facets with intercepts (initial illness) and slopes (course) of illness trajectories. Results Three maladaptive personality domains-negative affectivity, detachment and psychoticism-were uniquely associated with initial posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); detachment and psychoticism were also associated with initial functional impairment. Five facets-emotional lability, anhedonia, callousness, distractibility and perceptual dysregulation-were uniquely associated with initial mental and physical health and functional impairment. Anxiousness and depressivity facets were associated with worse initial levels of psychiatric outcomes only. With regard to illness trajectory, callousness and perceptual dysregulation were associated with the increase in PTSD symptoms. Anxiousness was associated with greater persistence of respiratory symptoms. Conclusions Several personality domains and facets were associated with initial levels and long-term course of illness and functional impairment in a traumatized population. Results inform the role of maladaptive personality in the development and maintenance of chronic mental-physical comorbidity. Personality might constitute a transdiagnostic prognostic and treatment target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika A Waszczuk
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Kaiqiao Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Camilo J Ruggero
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Sean A P Clouston
- Program in Public Health and Department of Preventive Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Benjamin J Luft
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Roman Kotov
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Health Sciences Center, Stony Brook, New York, USA
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Aschwanden D, Gerend MA, Luchetti M, Stephan Y, Sutin AR, Terracciano A. Personality traits and preventive cancer screenings in the Health Retirement Study. Prev Med 2019; 126:105763. [PMID: 31260725 PMCID: PMC6810562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The Five-Factor model of personality has been associated with a wide range of health behaviors and health outcomes. However, few studies have examined whether personality traits are related to cancer screening in older adults. The present study investigated the cross-sectional associations between personality traits and the probability of obtaining a recent preventive screening for breast, cervical, prostate, and colorectal cancer. Participants from the Health and Retirement Study (N = 14,394, Mage = 68.14 years, range = 50-102 years, 58.6% female) completed a personality inventory and reported on cancer screenings in the 2010-2012 assessment. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the data, including age, race, ethnicity, gender, education, income, and wealth as covariates. Higher conscientiousness was associated with a higher likelihood of obtaining breast, cervical, and prostate screening. Higher extraversion was related to higher odds of breast, cervical, and colorectal screening. Higher neuroticism was linked to higher odds of colorectal screening, and conscientiousness moderated the link between neuroticism and cervical screening. These associations were significant in models that accounted for demographic and socioeconomic factors. The effect sizes were in the range of a 10-20% higher likelihood of cancer screening for 1 SD difference in personality. The present findings suggest that conscientiousness and extraversion were related to preventive cancer screenings, whereas neuroticism, openness and agreeableness were largely unrelated to the likelihood of such screenings. If these results are further replicated, health policy makers may consider personality traits when planning and implementing screening recommendations to improve preventive medicine.
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Lung function deterioration predicts elevated troponin levels in apparently healthy individuals throughout a 5-year follow-up. Respir Med 2019; 154:63-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ruiz-Palomino E, Giménez-García C, Ballester-Arnal R, Gil-Llario MD. Health promotion in young people: Identifying the predisposing factors of self-care health habits. J Health Psychol 2018; 25:1410-1424. [PMID: 29468900 DOI: 10.1177/1359105318758858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy behaviors are strongly associated with chronic diseases, disabilities, or mortality. Identifying the predisposing factors that influence on self-care healthy habits will improve an early detection of high-risk groups. Four hundred and sixty-six Spanish young people aged 18-25 years were assessed. Global perceived health self-care was predicted by Value of health and Conscientiousness, both in females (R2 = 0.185; F = 29.661; p < 0.001) and males (R2 = 0.154; F = 17.849; p < 0.001). The results have shown gender differences in health self-care habits. Health promotion policies should include specific health consciousness-based strategies.
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Okura M, Ogita M, Yamamoto M, Nakai T, Numata T, Arai H. Health checkup behavior and individual health beliefs in older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 18:338-351. [PMID: 28880484 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Despite Japan being a developed nation, half of its older population does not attend regular health checkups. The aim of the present study was to examine the individual health beliefs and personal recommendations that strongly influence health checkup attendance among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS In 2013, questionnaires were sent to 5401 community-dwelling older adults who were not receiving long-term institutionalized care. The response rate was 94.3%. We analyzed response data from 4984 older adults using multiple imputation to manage missing data. Participation in health checkups was defined as having undergone at least one checkup in the past 3 years, and non-participation as having attended no checkups in this period. RESULTS The participants' mean age was 75.8 years, and 57.9% were women. The adjusted odds ratio of health checkup participation ranged from 1.35 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-1.61) to 1.62 (95% CI 1.34-1.95) for positive individual health beliefs about health checkups, and was 2.21 (95% CI: 1.51-3.24) and 1.28 (95% CI: 1.17-2.08) for recommendations to participate from family and neighbors, respectively. All odds ratios were adjusted for age, sex, driving by oneself to daily shopping or clinic, paid work, method of response, internal medical therapy, polypharmacy, serious disease, periodic blood test, frailty and neighborly relationships. CONCLUSIONS The present findings suggest that both individual and community approaches might be effective in promoting participation in health checkups among community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 338-351.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Okura
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mihoko Ogita
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Shiga University of Medical Science, Japan
| | - Miki Yamamoto
- Kami-cho Municipal Office, Welfare section, Kami, Japan
| | - Toshimi Nakai
- Kami-cho Municipal Office, Welfare section, Kami, Japan
| | - Tomoko Numata
- Kami-cho Municipal Office, Health section, Kami, Japan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- Department of Human Health Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
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Wettstein M, Tauber B, Wahl HW, Frankenberg C. 12-Year Associations of Health with Personality in the Second Half of Life. GEROPSYCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1024/1662-9647/a000162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. We examined longitudinal associations between personality, objective (physician-rated) and self-rated health over 12 years in two German cohorts (midlife cohort, born 1950/52, nT0 = 502; late-life cohort, born 1930/32, nT0 = 500) from the Interdisciplinary Longitudinal Study of Adult Development (ILSE). Based on cross-lagged panel design analyses controlling for sex, education, depression, and cognitive abilities, we found that after 12 years better baseline objective health predicted lower Neuroticism and higher Agreeableness, whereas baseline Extraversion and Conscientiousness were positive predictors of later self-rated health. Our findings thus illustrate that the direction of longitudinal personality-health associations is dependent on whether objective or self-rated health is considered, whereas relations do not seem to be considerably different in midlife vs. in old age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Wettstein
- Department of Psychological Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Benjamin Tauber
- Department of Psychological Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Germany
| | - Hans-Werner Wahl
- Department of Psychological Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Germany
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Toker S, Heaney CA, Ein-Gar D. Why won’t they participate? Barriers to participation in worksite health promotion programmes. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2014.968131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Armon G, Melamed S, Shirom A, Berliner S, Shapira I. The associations of the Five Factor Model of personality with inflammatory biomarkers: A four-year prospective study. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2012.11.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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