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Spiegler O, Jonsson JO, Bracegirdle C. Religious development from adolescence to early adulthood among Muslim and Christian youth in Germany: A person-oriented approach. Child Dev 2024. [PMID: 39189950 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.14151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Religious decline, often observed among North American Christian youth, may not apply universally. We examined this and whether religiosity is associated with well-being, risk behavior, cultural values, and acculturation among 4080 Muslim and Christian adolescents aged 15-22 in Germany. Utilizing seven waves from the CILS4EU project and a person-oriented analytical approach, we identified different religious trajectories for Muslim (58% high, 31% low, 11% increasing), immigrant-origin Christian (68% low, 32% medium), and non-immigrant Christian (74% low, 17% decreasing, 9% medium) youth. High and medium trajectories were associated with greater well-being, lower risk behavior, more conservative attitudes, and less sociocultural integration. To fully understand religious development, we must consider diverse national contexts and groups, employing long-term perspectives and person-centered analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jan O Jonsson
- Nuffield College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI), Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute for Future Studies, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chloe Bracegirdle
- Nuffield College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Hochstetler E, Hill K. Mobilizing Meaning: Religion and Spirituality Among Future Generations. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am 2024; 33:411-421. [PMID: 38823813 DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Religion and spirituality have long been known to impact both physical and mental health. Considering religion and spirituality as possible additions to social determinants of health, this article examines the current state of religion and spirituality in the United States and also discusses the ways in which they can contribute to the mental health of children and adolescents. Further, this article also discusses new approaches within religion and spirituality to address the changing needs of future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Hochstetler
- UMass Chan Medical School, 55 North Lake Avenue, Worcester, MA 01655, USA.
| | - Kelly Hill
- University of Kentucky Medical Center, 245 Fountain Court, Lexington, KY 40509, USA
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Belizaire S, Powers M, Mekawi Y. How can white parents raise anti-racist children? Introducing the routes to effective anti-racist parenting (REAP) model. FAMILY PROCESS 2024; 63:535-576. [PMID: 37962033 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In response to highly publicized instances of overt racial injustice, there has been a recent resurgence of interest and commitment to identifying processes through which anti-racist behaviors develop among White individuals. One particularly important context in which anti-racist behaviors can develop is within families and as a result of childrearing. Theories of anti-racism typically neglect the role of families and family science research typically neglects a focus on anti-racist parenting outcomes. To further research and applied work on fostering anti-racism within White families, this paper introduces a new integrative model called routes to effective anti-racist parenting (REAP). The model draws on theories from various fields, including family science and social psychology, and uses a metaphor of nurturing a plant to explain the nuanced, multi-faceted approaches to anti-racist parenting. The model incorporates factors related to the "pot" (i.e., fundamental values and structure necessary to contain more specific anti-racist skills and behaviors), "soil" (i.e., characteristics that define anti-racist commitment), "seeds" (i.e., direct transmission of anti-racism skills), and "environment" (i.e., influential external factors). Finally, we describe the intended benefits that can be reaped from this intentional approach to anti-racist parenting. The REAP model contributes to the family science literature by providing an empirically grounded theoretical model describing the roles that parents can play in children's anti-racist development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shequanna Belizaire
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Margaret Powers
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Yara Mekawi
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Nwafor CE, Ugwu PC, Okoye CFA, Obi-Nwosu H, Ofonedu ME. Religious coping and delinquent behaviors: Moderated mediation roles of religion affiliation and prosocial moral reasoning. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2024; 34:272-280. [PMID: 38727691 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Religion has been shown to have a positive impact for developing adolescents; however, the processes underlying this relation are not well known. In his almighty prosocial theory, Anazonwu (Conceptualizing and testing almighty prosociality theory for a more peaceful world, SCOA Heritage Nigeria, 2017) proposed that the activation of learnt prosocial moral reasoning through religion enabled performance of prosocial peace behavior that will benefit society. Thus, religion coping enhances the development of prosocial reasoning which in turn propagate prosocial acts while reducing delinquent behaviors. Similarly, developmental system theory (Lerner, Developmental science, developmental systems, and contemporary theories of human development, John Wiley & Sons, 2006) assumed that in every individual three mechanisms: plasticity (potential to change), context (environment), and developmental regulation (learnable principles) interact to describe the direction of the transactions between individuals and their various embedded sociocultural context of development which will also determine other developmental outcomes. Based on these two theoretical assumptions, the present study examined whether prosocial moral reasoning (developmental regulation) was the mechanism in the negative correlation between religious coping (plasticity) and delinquent behaviors (outcome), and if religious affiliation(context) (Christianity and Islam) moderated these paths. We hypothesized that the link from prosocial moral reasoning to lower delinquent behaviors would be stronger for Muslim compared with Christian youth. These questions were tested among Nigerian adolescence, an important sample because of high interreligious and interethnic tension among youth in the country. 298 adolescents (Mean age = 15.03 years, SD = 1.76; male = 176, female = 122; 46.3% Muslim, 53.7% Christian) were sampled using questionnaires in senior secondary schools in Nigeria. Moderated mediation result shows that greater religious coping was linked with higher prosocial moral reasoning, which in turn predicted fewer delinquent behaviors. Religious coping interacted with religion affiliation to influence delinquent behavior; there was a stronger link between these two constructs for Muslim compared to Christian youth. Thus, interventions aiming to reduce youth delinquent behaviors should consider promoting prosocial moral reasoning, particularly among the various religions (i.e., Christian/Muslim) communities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mirian E Ofonedu
- Maryland Center for Developmental, Disabilities at Kennedy Krieger Institute, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Naghmeh R, Sadat Hoseini AS, Dehghan Nayeri N. Spiritual Health Consequences from the Iranian Adolescents' Perspective. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:344-355. [PMID: 37721603 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01911-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Spiritual health is a unique force that can influence the physical, mental, and social dimensions of life. In order to know the positive effects of spiritual health, it is necessary to explain the adolescents' experiences in this area. This study, therefore, aimed to investigate Iranian adolescents' experiences regarding the effects of spiritual health. This study was conducted based on a qualitative approach using content analysis. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 20 adolescents aged 14-18 years. Subsequently, the obtained data were analyzed using the Graneheim and Lundman method. In total, three major categories emerged from data analysis, including mental health promotion, self-control, and purposefulness in life. Considering the significant effects of spiritual health on adolescents' development, it is essential to pay attention to this dimension of health and develop plans to enhance it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razaghi Naghmeh
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Akram Sadat Sadat Hoseini
- Department of Pediatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tohid Square, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nahid Dehghan Nayeri
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Borualogo IS, Hyland K, Jefferies P. Expanding the CYRM-R to include domains of spirituality and religiosity for use with children and youth in Indonesia. COGENT PSYCHOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/23311908.2023.2184115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathleen Hyland
- Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Philip Jefferies
- Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Buenconsejo JU, Datu JAD. Mere religiosity is not enough! Spirituality strengthens the relations between religiosity and positive youth development. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:1304-1319. [PMID: 37492011 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Although prior research shows that either religiosity or spirituality facilitates well-being, the interaction of both constructs in predicting positive youth development (PYD) in collectivistic contexts remains unknown. This study examined the moderating role of spirituality on the link between religiosity and PYD, including each of its Cs (i.e., competence, confidence, connection, character, and caring) among 1116 Filipino adolescents. Results demonstrate that both religiosity and spirituality are positively correlated with PYD and its dimensions. Furthermore, there is a significant interaction between religiosity and spirituality for the overall PYD construct and the socio-emotional Cs (i.e., connection, character, and caring). This study highlights the importance of young people's sense of connection with something beyond than themselves (i.e., spirituality) in promoting adolescent thriving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jet U Buenconsejo
- Department of Special Education and Counselling, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
| | - Jesus Alfonso D Datu
- Teacher Education and Learning Leadership Academic Unit - Faculty of Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR China
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Dyer WJ, Erickson JJ. Mental health at religious and non-religious universities: Examining the role of student religiousness and sexual/gender minority identity. J Affect Disord 2023; 342:182-191. [PMID: 37717852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Religiousness is often related to positive mental health for university students. Yet this may not hold for sexual and gender minority (SGM) students at religious universities. Some studies find religiousness protective for SGM students, some find no relationship, and some find religiousness a risk. METHODS Using the Healthy Minds data (n = 135,344) student mental health (suicide ideation and anxiety) was compared across religious universities (Catholic, evangelical, and "Other Christian") and nonreligious universities, examining moderation by student religiousness and SGM identity. RESULTS Overall, there were no anxiety or ideation differences across religious and nonreligious universities except that students at "Other Christian" universities had slightly higher ideation than those at nonreligious universities. However, moderation analysis found SGMs at nonreligious universities at higher risk for anxiety compared to those at "Other Christian" universities. Student religious importance predicted lower ideation and anxiety across universities: though students for whom religion was unimportant were at greater risk for anxiety at nonreligious versus Catholic universities. Compared to SGMs at nonreligious universities, SGMs at evangelical universities who did not participate in extracurricular religious activities were at risk for ideation, but risk was low for SGMs who did participate. LIMITATIONS Data were cross-sectional. Analyses were unable to control for whether students dropped out of a university. CONCLUSIONS There were few overall differences between religious and nonreligious universities. Though moderation found attending a religious university either a protective or risk factor for some groups. The relations between being SGM and mental health should be considered concert with religiousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Justin Dyer
- Religious Education, Brigham Young University, United States of America.
| | - Jenet J Erickson
- Religious Education, Brigham Young University, United States of America
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Ortega-Galán ÁM, Ibáñez-Masero O, Fernández-Martínez E, Ortiz-Amo R, Fernández-Santos L, Ruiz-Fernández MD. The paradoxical position of nurses regarding euthanasia and its legalisation: A descriptive quantitative study. J Clin Nurs 2023; 32:8007-8016. [PMID: 37715363 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To learn about the attitudes of nurses working in the Andalusian Public Health System regarding euthanasia and its legalisation. BACKGROUND Euthanasia often finds itself in the crosshairs of ethical and political debate on an international scale. Currently, the Spanish Organic Law 3/2021 of 24 March, 2021, recognises euthanasia as a fundamental right in Spain. It is of particular interest to know about the views, attitudes and stances that Andalusian nurses have of euthanasia as they are key players within the framework of euthanasia and administration of life-ending drugs. They play a central role in guiding patients through the euthanasia application process. DESIGN Observational descriptive study. METHODS A study of Andalusian Public Health System nurses was carried out using non-probability convenience sampling. 518 nurses with an average age of 44.75 years answered in a questionnaire that was distributed on an online platform. Socio-demographic and occupational variables were assessed, together with the Death Anxiety Scale and the Euthanasia Attitude Scale. A bivariate analysis and a multivariate linear regression model were performed. The STROBE checklist was used. RESULTS The mean score obtained on the Euthanasia Attitude Scale was 75.95 (SD = 16.53). The mean score obtained on the Death Anxiety Scale was 7.56 (SD = 3.05). The variables age and work experience were negatively correlated with the total scores of the Euthanasia Attitude Scale and the categories 'Ethical considerations', 'Practical considerations' and 'Treasuring life'. On the other hand, there was a significant positive correlation between age and work experience and 'Spiritual beliefs' category. CONCLUSIONS The current situation shows a worrying paradox. There is a stark difference between positive professional attitudes towards euthanasia and the desire to participate in its application. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE It is vital that educational and healthcare institutions make the necessary efforts to ensure that nurses develop sound moral judgement, displaying the moral conscience and ethical commitment required of this established profession. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rocío Ortiz-Amo
- Department of Psychology, Area of Social Work and Social Services, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | | | - María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, Almería, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
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Hardy SA, Morgan M, Nelson JM, Schwadel P. Unpacking the role of adolescent religious affiliation in youth outcomes. J Adolesc 2023; 95:1528-1536. [PMID: 37505200 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to unpack the role of adolescent religious affiliation in positive and negative youth outcomes. METHODS We used data from Wave 1 (2002-2003) of the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR). Participants were a nationally representative sample of 3290 adolescents from across the United States. Measures were adolescent-report or parent-report items of religiousness (individual religiousness, family religiousness, peer religiousness, and religious community supportiveness) and youth outcomes (future orientation, grades, community involvement, alcohol use, sexual activity, and depression). RESULTS First, ANOVAs revealed that four dimensions of religiousness (individual religiousness, family religiousness, peer religiousness, and religious community supportiveness) and five youth outcomes (future orientation, grades, community involvement, alcohol use, and sexual activity, but not depression), varied significantly across religious affiliation. Second, regressions examining direct effects found that the multicategorical nominal variable of religious affiliation predicted all outcomes except alcohol use and depression after accounting for the four dimensions of religiousness. Third, each of the four dimensions of religiousness mediated relations between religious affiliation and at least one of the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS In short, religious affiliation seems to play a unique role in youth outcomes, above and beyond other dimensions of religiousness. This role of religious affiliation perhaps functions in part via individual and contextual dimensions of religiousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam A Hardy
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - McKay Morgan
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| | - Jenae M Nelson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Philip Schwadel
- Department of Sociology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Oregon, USA
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Saei Ghare Naz M, Ozgoli G, Mousavi M, Ramezani Tehrani F. Polycystic ovary syndrome and body image concerns during adolescence. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 72:e1-e9. [PMID: 37296037 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to compare body image concerns in adolescents with and without PCOS. DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1076 adolescents, including 344 with PCOS and 732 without PCOS. The participants were asked to complete a comprehensive questionnaire that included demographic and reproductive parameters and the body image concerns inventory (BICI) which comprised two factors (1-dissatisfaction and embarrassment about one's appearance and 2-social function due to appearance concerns). Linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of hyperandrogenism and/or abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and/or obesity on BICI and its domains both before and after adjustment for potential confounders. RESULTS The result showed that adolescents with PCOS had a worse total BICI score and its domains (p < 0.05). In multivariable-adjusted regression models, adolescents with PCOS were more likely to have a high body image concern (β = 0.05, P < 0.001), while those with high household income were less likely to have body image concern (β = -0.08, P = 0.004). Considering hyperandrogenism status, those with high household income were also less likely to have high body image concern (β = -0.08, P = 0.004), and age of menarche (β = -0.01, P = 0.013) were also inversely associated with total BICI score. Likewise, considering obese status, only high household income (β = -0.08, P = 0.004) was inversely associated with total BICI score. Also, considering menstrual irregularity status, high household income (β = -0.08, P = 0.005), and age of menarche (β = -0.01, P = 0.01) were inversely associated with the total BICI score. CONCLUSION Adolescents with PCOS had higher body image concerns. Apart from the being PCOS label, abnormal uterine bleeding was also a predictor of body image concern. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Clinicians should pay attention to the greater influence of the PCOS label on altered body image in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giti Ozgoli
- Midwifery and Reproductive Health Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mousavi
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of medical sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Mirhosseini S, Montazeri A, Khanmohammadi M, Qasemi Haddad A, Nadali J, Basirinezhad MH, Mohebbi S, Ebrahimi H. Spiritual Well-Being and Death Anxiety: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Iranian Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome. OMEGA-JOURNAL OF DEATH AND DYING 2023:302228231195103. [PMID: 37586030 DOI: 10.1177/00302228231195103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients experience a tremendous psychological burden, typically in the form of death worry due to acute medical conditions and the possibility of mortality. The unfavourable conditions of ACS patients cause them to reconsider the meaning of life and their spiritual well-being. This study evaluated the association between death anxiety and spiritual well-being in a total of 241 ACS patients in Shahroud, northeast of Iran. The data were collected using the Templer Death Anxiety Scale, and the Spiritual Well-being Scale by convenience sampling method. All patients indicated a high degree of death anxiety, and roughly half reported a moderate level of spiritual well-being. There was a significant and direct correlation between death anxiety and spiritual well-being levels. Older age, single status, and non-smoking were other predictors of good spiritual well-being. A multidisciplinary health team should identify and implement approaches to promote spiritual well-being and reduce mental suffering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedmohammad Mirhosseini
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Ali Montazeri
- Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mobina Khanmohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Aida Qasemi Haddad
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Javad Nadali
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Basirinezhad
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Sara Mohebbi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hossein Ebrahimi
- Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
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Piko BF. Adolescent Life Satisfaction: Association with Psychological, School-Related, Religious and Socially Supportive Factors. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1176. [PMID: 37508673 PMCID: PMC10378027 DOI: 10.3390/children10071176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Adolescent life satisfaction is crucial to later adult health and well-being; therefore, searching for its correlates should receive priority in research. The aim of this study was to explore the role of psychological (depression, future orientation), school-related (school achievement, satisfaction with school), religious (going to church, importance of religion), socially supportive (family and friend support), other familial, and sociodemographic (age, sex, self-assessed socioeconomic status) factors in adolescent life satisfaction. This cross-sectional survey (entitled Szeged Youth Study 2022) involved a sample of middle and high school students (N = 2239, aged 11-18 years, 51.8% females) from public schools in Szeged, Hungary. Besides descriptive statistics, correlation and multiple regression analysis were applied to the data analyses. Boys scored higher on the life satisfaction scale (Satisfaction with Life Scale, SWLS), while the level of depression (Children's Depression Inventory, CDI) was higher among girls. In the final regression model, family support was the strongest predictor of life satisfaction (β = 0.44, p < 0.001), followed by depression (as a negative contributor), socioeconomic (SES) self-assessment, future orientation, satisfaction with school, going to church, and friend support. School prevention programs should be focused not only on preventing mental health difficulties but also promoting adolescent well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina F Piko
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Kaufman CC, Pirutinsky S, Rosmarin DH. Spirituality/Religion and Self-Harm Among Patients With Alcohol/Substance Use Versus Other Disorders. J Nerv Ment Dis 2023:00005053-990000000-00087. [PMID: 37015109 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Spirituality/religion (S/R) is clinically relevant to recovery from alcohol use disorders (AUDs)/substance use disorders (SUDs) and also associated with less self-injury; however, the interplay of these factors has not been adequately evaluated. Participants (n = 1443) were culled from a larger study among psychiatric patients. We assessed for S/R using self-report measures, and medical records were reviewed for demographics, clinical diagnoses, psychiatric medications, and self-harm engagement. Self-harm engagement was significantly higher among patients without AUD/SUD. S/R distress was higher among participants with AUD/SUD, but S/R community activity and importance of religion were lower. Interest in discussing S/R in treatment did not significantly differ across patients. Religious affiliation, importance of religion, and belief in God were associated with less self-harm, but effects were not moderated by presence of AUD/SUD. S/R factors are associated with lower self-harm, irrespective of the presence or absence of AUD/SUD. In contrast with clinical lore, S/R may be equally salient to psychiatric patients with AUD/SUD versus other disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David H Rosmarin
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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15
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Hardy SA, Hendricks J, Nelson JM, Schwadel P. Declines in Religiousness Dimensions across Adolescence as Predictors of Religious Deidentification in Young Adulthood. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2023; 33:141-153. [PMID: 35860849 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined whether declines in religiousness across adolescence precede religious deidentification in young adulthood. Data came from the National Study of Youth and Religion. Participants were religiously affiliated for the first three waves of the longitudinal study (N = 1144). Latent growth curve models found significant declines across adolescence in church attendance, prayer, scripture study, religious importance, and spirituality, whereas doubt was stable across time. Then, logistic regression models specified the latent intercepts and slopes as predictors of later (Wave 4) deidentification. Significant negative links were found for the intercepts and slopes on church attendance, prayer, scripture study, religious importance, and spirituality. For doubt, a significant, positive link was found for the intercept.
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Quinn CR, Waller B, Hughley A, Boyd D, Cobb R, Hardy K, Radney A, Voisin DR. The Relationship between Religion, Substance Misuse, and Mental Health among Black Youth. RELIGIONS 2023; 14:325. [PMID: 38009108 PMCID: PMC10673626 DOI: 10.3390/rel14030325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Studies suggest that religion is a protective factor for substance misuse and mental health concerns among Black/African American youth despite reported declines in their religious involvement. However, few studies have investigated the associations among religion, substance misuse, and mental health among Black youth. Informed by Critical Race Theory, we evaluated the correlations between gender, depression, substance misuse, and unprotected sex on mental health. Using multiple linear regression, we assessed self-reported measures of drug use and sex, condom use, belief in God, and religiosity on mental health among a sample of Black youth (N = 638) living in a large midwestern city. Results indicated drug use, and sex while on drugs and alcohol, were significant and positively associated with mental health symptoms. Belief in God was negatively associated with having sex while on drugs and alcohol. The study's findings suggest that despite the many structural inequalities that Black youth face, religion continues to be protective for Black youth against a myriad of prevalent problem behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille R. Quinn
- Center for Equitable Family & Community Well-Being, School of Social Work, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bernadine Waller
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Ashura Hughley
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Donte Boyd
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ryon Cobb
- School of Social Work, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NY 08901, USA
| | - Kimberly Hardy
- School of Social Work, Fayetteville State University, Fayetteville, NC 28301, USA
| | - Angelise Radney
- College of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Dexter R. Voisin
- School of Applied Social Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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COVID-19 Stress, Religious Affiliation, and Mental Health Outcomes Among Adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2023; 72:892-898. [PMID: 36809866 PMCID: PMC9938944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2022.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the relationship between religious affiliation, stressors due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and mental health challenges in a representative sample of adolescents. METHODS The sample was composed of 71,001 Utah adolescents who participated in a survey by the Utah Department of Health in 2021. Data are representative of all Utah adolescents in grades 6, 8, 10, and 12. Bootstrapped mediation was used to test indirect effects of religious affiliation on mental health challenges through COVID-19 stressors. RESULTS Religious affiliation was related to significantly lower rates of teen mental health challenges as measured by suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, and depression. For religiously affiliated adolescents, the rate of considering and attempting suicide was nearly half of that of unaffiliated adolescents. In mediation analyses, affiliation was indirectly related to mental health challenges (suicide ideation, suicide attempt, and depression) through stressors from COVID-19, including affiliated adolescents experiencing the following: less anxiety, fewer family fights, fewer school difficulties, and fewer skipped meals. However, affiliation was positively related to becoming sick with COVID-19 (or having COVID-19 symptoms), which was related to more suicidal thoughts. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that adolescent religious affiliation may be a promotive factor that decreases mental health challenges through a reduction in COVID-19-related stressors, except religious individuals may be more likely to become sick. To increase positive mental health outcomes among adolescents during pandemic times, consistent and clear policies that facilitate religious connections that also align with good physical health measures will be critical.
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Hurst JL, Widman L, Brasileiro J, Maheux AJ, Evans-Paulson R, Choukas-Bradley S. Parents' attitudes towards the content of sex education in the USA: Associations with religiosity and political orientation. SEX EDUCATION 2023; 24:108-124. [PMID: 38464814 PMCID: PMC10923385 DOI: 10.1080/14681811.2022.2162871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
While most parents support their adolescents receiving school-based sex education, there is variability in which sex education topics receive the most support from parents. Conservative political orientation and greater religiosity have been independently associated with parents' lack of support for school-based sex education; however, no studies have examined the intersection of these two factors. The three goals of this study were to: 1) identify how specific sexual education topics cluster together to form content areas; 2) examine if religiosity and political orientation are uniquely associated with these content areas; and 3) examine if political orientation moderates the relationship between parents' religiosity and their perceived importance for the specific sex education content areas. Participants were a national sample of 881 US parents. The sex education topics clustered into three content areas: Factual Knowledge (e.g., STI transmission), Practical Skills (e.g., how to access condoms), and Pleasure and Identity (e.g., pleasurable aspects of sex). Politically conservative and more religious parents reported the lowest perceived importance for each content area. Importantly, these main effects were qualified by a significant interaction: parents who reported both political conservativism and high levels of religiosity reported the lowest perceived importance for these three content areas being taught.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey L Hurst
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
| | - Laura Widman
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
| | - Julia Brasileiro
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA
| | - Anne J Maheux
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, USA
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19
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Upenieks L, Ellison CG, Krause NM. Humble with God? How Education and Race Shape the Association Between God-Mediated Control and Humility in Later Life. REVIEW OF RELIGIOUS RESEARCH 2022; 64:687-709. [PMID: 36337579 PMCID: PMC9628441 DOI: 10.1007/s13644-022-00511-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background In contrast to the vibrant interdisciplinary literature on other virtues, such as forgiveness and gratitude, the study of humility has developed more slowly. Over the 2 decades, there has been a proliferation of research on humility. In this study, we assess the interrelationship between a core feature of religious life, God-mediated control, and humility. Purpose We assess the interrelationship between God-mediated control (the belief that God is a collaborative partner working together with humans) and humility. We also assess how the relationship between God-mediated control and humility may be conditional on two sociodemographic characteristics among middle-aged and older adults, education and race. Methods Data for this study come from Wave 5 of the Religion, Aging, and Health Study (2013), a nationwide survey of Whites and African Americans (N = 1152). We test our hypotheses with a series of OLS regression models. Results We find that stronger perceptions of God-mediated control were associated with greater humility among older adults. Results from our moderation analyses also show that the relationship between God-mediated control and greater humility was stronger for low status groups, namely, the less educated and Black older adults. Conclusion and Implications The cognitive belief that God can be trusted as an intimate collaborator in the chaos of human life appears to predict humility among older adults, perhaps by acknowledging one's dependence on a superior being and appreciating the limits of human finitude and acknowledging God's greatness outside one's self. Devoid of secular resources, the less educated and Black Americans might find greater meaning and significance in their association with God and may feel no need to establish their own worth through the attainment of worldly accomplishments or knowledge. Given the centrality of humility to religious/spiritual life, we suggest how future interdisciplinary research can build on the findings of our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Upenieks
- Department of Sociology, Baylor University, 97326 One Bear Place, Waco, TX 76798 USA
| | | | - Neal M. Krause
- School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
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20
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Iannello NM, Inguglia C, Silletti F, Albiero P, Cassibba R, Lo Coco A, Musso P. How Do Religiosity and Spirituality Associate with Health-Related Outcomes of Adolescents with Chronic Illnesses? A Scoping Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013172. [PMID: 36293751 PMCID: PMC9603522 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current scoping review was to explore the associations between religious and spiritual factors and the health-related outcomes of adolescents with chronic illnesses, as well as to investigate possible mechanisms accounting for these relationships. In total, 20 studies meeting the eligibility criteria were reviewed after performing a search of the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases. The results suggested that religious and spiritual beliefs, thoughts, and practices (e.g., spiritual coping activities) might have both beneficial and deleterious effects on the way adolescents deal with their medical condition, on their psychosocial adjustment, on their mental and physical health, and on their adherence to treatments. Mediating and moderating mechanisms explaining these relations were also evidenced. Suggestions for future research and practical implications for healthcare professionals are provided in the concluding section of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristiano Inguglia
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabiola Silletti
- Department of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Communication, University of Studies of Bari, 70122 Bari, Italy
| | - Paolo Albiero
- Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialisation, University of Padua, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Rosalinda Cassibba
- Department of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Communication, University of Studies of Bari, 70122 Bari, Italy
| | - Alida Lo Coco
- Department of Psychology, Educational Science and Human Movement, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Pasquale Musso
- Department of Educational Sciences, Psychology, Communication, University of Studies of Bari, 70122 Bari, Italy
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21
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Hardy SA, Hatch HD, Nelson JM, Schwadel P. FAMILY RELIGIOUSNESS, PEER RELIGIOUSNESS, AND RELIGIOUS COMMUNITY SUPPORTIVENESS AS DEVELOPMENTAL CONTEXTS OF ADOLESCENT AND YOUNG ADULT RELIGIOUS DEIDENTIFICATION. RESEARCH IN HUMAN DEVELOPMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15427609.2022.2086434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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22
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Gilbertson MK, Brady ST, Ablorh T, Logel C, Schnitker SA. Closeness to God, Spiritual Struggles, and Wellbeing in the First Year of College. Front Psychol 2022; 13:742265. [PMID: 35432056 PMCID: PMC9008207 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.742265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spirituality is an important, but oft-overlooked, aspect of the self that may affect college students’ wellbeing and belonging. Few studies have systematically examined closeness to God and spiritual struggles as predictors of college student wellbeing during early college, which is a critical window for identity development. Moreover, research exploring interactions between spiritual struggles and closeness to God in predicting wellbeing outcomes is scarce. We address these gaps in the literature with an analytic sample comprised of 839 first-year college participants who identify as religious. The results of correlational analyses and linear mixed effect models are presented. Closeness to God was associated with greater wellbeing and belonging, and spiritual struggles were associated with lower wellbeing and belonging. In exploratory analyses, a moderating effect of closeness to God on the relation between spiritual struggles and negative outcomes was observed. Implications for higher education and college student development are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shannon T Brady
- Department of Psychology, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Tsotso Ablorh
- Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christine Logel
- Department of Social Development Studies, Renison University College, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah A Schnitker
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, TX, United States
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23
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Hardy SA, Hurst JL. Adolescent motivations to abstain from sex and alcohol: a self-determination theory approach. APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10888691.2021.2007767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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24
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Calatrava M, Beltramo C, Osorio A, Rodríguez-González M, De Irala J, Lopez-del Burgo C. Religiosity and Sexual Initiation Among Hispanic Adolescents: The Role of Sexual Attitudes. Front Psychol 2021; 12:715032. [PMID: 34858256 PMCID: PMC8631753 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.715032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Religiosity and sexuality present numerous interconnections. Little is known regarding the specific causal pathways between each religiosity dimension and sexual behavior. The objectives of this study were (1) to explore the relationship between religiosity (measured through attendance at religious services, salience, and prayer) and sexual initiation in adolescents and (2) to establish the role of sexual permissiveness as mediator of the impact produced by religiosity in sexual initiation. Methods: This study analyzes data from an ongoing school-based international study examining what young people feel and think about relationships, love, and sexuality. An anonymous, self-administered online questionnaire was developed in Spanish. A total of 4,366 students, aged 14-18, completed the questionnaire. A final sample of 2,919 questionnaires was analyzed. Two unconditional logistic regression models were fit with religiosity variables and possible confounders as independent variables (with and without permissiveness, respectively). The dependent variable was sexual initiation. A final path analysis was performed to further understand the results. Results: Our study highlights that, in predominantly Catholic and Spanish-speaking countries, the fact of attending church and praying may greatly contribute to postponing sexual relations during adolescence, even independently of their attitudes on sexual permissiveness. Conversely, the effect of salience on sexual initiation seems to be fostered only through the mediation of sexual permissiveness. Our findings point to an indirect effect of the three religiosity dimensions (and in particular, religious salience) through permissive attitudes. Conclusion: Religiosity could be a relevant factor to explain sexual initiation during adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Calatrava
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Beltramo
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alfonso Osorio
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Martiño Rodríguez-González
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- School of Education and Psychology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jokin De Irala
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Cristina Lopez-del Burgo
- Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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25
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Hodge DR, Wu S, Wu Q, Marsiglia FF, Chen W. Religious service attendance typologies and African American substance use: a longitudinal study of the protective effects among young adult men and women. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2021; 56:1859-1869. [PMID: 33547908 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02029-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study sought to identify variation by gender in the associations between religious service attendance from adolescence to young adulthood and seven measures of lifetime and short-term substance use. METHODS To conduct this nationally representative study, data from the Add Health Surveys was abstracted from Waves I and IV (N = 3,223) to construct four types of service attendance (non-attenders, attenders only as adolescents, attenders only in young adulthood, and consistent attenders). A series of logistic regressions were conducted to identify the independent effects of each pattern of service attendance on each substance among all black young adults, as well as male and female sub-samples. RESULTS Analysis revealed consistent attenders were generally less likely to use substances, with the effects being strongest among females. Among young adult only attenders, males recorded lower odds across all three short-term measures whereas females reported lower odds only for monthly cigarette use. CONCLUSION The protective effects of religious service attendance are more robust for African Americans who consistently attend in adolescence and young adulthood, especially among females.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Hodge
- School of Social Work, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Avenue, Mail Code 3920, Suite 800, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-0689, USA. .,Program for Research on Religion and Urban Civil Society, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
| | - Shiyou Wu
- School of Social Work, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Avenue, Mail Code 3920, Suite 800, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-0689, USA
| | - Qi Wu
- School of Social Work, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Avenue, Mail Code 3920, Suite 800, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-0689, USA
| | - Flavio F Marsiglia
- Global Center for Applied Health Research, School of Social Work, Arizona State University, 411 N. Central Avenue, Suite 800, Phoenix, AZ, 85004-0689, USA
| | - Weitao Chen
- Department of Sociology, Henan University of Economics and Law, No. 180, Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan, China
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26
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Krok D, Zarzycka B, Telka E. Religiosity, Meaning-Making and the Fear of COVID-19 Affecting Well-Being Among Late Adolescents in Poland: A Moderated Mediation Model. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2021; 60:3265-3281. [PMID: 34417950 PMCID: PMC8379575 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-021-01375-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents have come to be greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the ensuing containment measures in recent months. The aim of the present study was to examine the relations among religiosity, meaning-making, fear of COVID-19, and subjective well-being within a moderated mediation model. Three hundred and sixteen late adolescents (173 women and 143 men) in Poland volunteered to take part in the study. The results show that meaning-making mediated relationships between religiosity and life satisfaction, religiosity and positive affect, and religiosity and negative affect. In addition, these mediation effects were moderated by the fear of COVID-19. Specifically, the indirect effects were stronger for adolescents with high fear than for those with low fear, which indicates that fear of COVID-19 serves as a 'warning' factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Krok
- Institute of Psychology, University of Opole, Plac Staszica 1, 45-052 Opole, Poland
| | - Beata Zarzycka
- Institute of Psychology, John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Telka
- Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland
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27
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Religion and Life Satisfaction of Polish Female Students Representing Roman Catholic Affiliation: Test of Empirical Model. RELIGIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/rel12080597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Religion is an important factor of life satisfaction for adolescents. This relationship is complex and depends on religiousness indicators used, religious affiliation, sex, age, and some cultural aspects. The aim of the study was to examine whether positive religious coping moderates the relationships between religious practices, as well as God’s support and life satisfaction. Additionally, the mediating role of religious commitment between faith and life satisfaction was tested. Methods: The sample in this study consisted of 315 Polish Roman Catholic female students. The following tools were used: the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), the Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (SCSORFQ), the Brief Religious Coping Scale (Brief RCOPE), the Religious Support Scale (RSS), and two one-item measures regarding frequency of prayer and Mass attendance. Results: The moderating role of positive religious coping between prayer, as well as God’s support and life satisfaction, was confirmed. Additionally, positive religious coping, God’s support, prayer, and Mass attendance mediated between faith and life satisfaction. Conclusion: The research has proven that faith negatively influenced adolescents’ life satisfaction both directly and directly through positive religious coping and Mass attendance. A beneficial indirect effect of faith on life satisfaction through God’s support and prayer was confirmed. It was also found that using positive religious coping with an above-average frequency of religious practices improved the life satisfaction among female students.
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Hardy SA, Nelson JM. Introduction to Special Issue: Diverse Disciplinary Approaches to the Study of Adolescent Religious and Spiritual Development. ADOLESCENT RESEARCH REVIEW 2021; 6:247-251. [PMID: 34127947 PMCID: PMC8188949 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-021-00165-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This editorial introduces the special issue on Diverse Disciplinary Approaches to the Study of Adolescent Religious and Spiritual Development. First, a case is made for the importance of the special issue, focusing on the utility of diverse approaches in providing a richer understanding of the phenomena of interest. Second, a summary is given of the six target pieces in the special issue. These target articles were written by scholars from six disciplines doing work relevant to adolescent religious and spiritual development: developmental psychology, sociology, cultural psychology, social and personality psychology, cognitive psychology, and developmental neuroscience. It is hoped that this special issue strengthens the quality of scholarship in this research area, encourages interdisciplinary work, and enriches our understanding of adolescent religious and spiritual development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam A. Hardy
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 USA
| | - Jenae M. Nelson
- Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 USA
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Jensen LA. The Cultural Psychology of Religiosity, Spirituality, and Secularism in Adolescence. ADOLESCENT RESEARCH REVIEW 2021; 6:277-288. [PMID: 33521244 PMCID: PMC7825388 DOI: 10.1007/s40894-020-00143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cultural psychology has raised awareness of religiosity, spirituality, and secularism in people's psychological lives. This article takes a cultural-developmental approach by examining the development of religiosity, spirituality, and secularism among culturally diverse adolescents. At the outset, an explanation is provided as to why the valid study of peoples' psychological lives necessitates taking culture into account, and of key implications for theory and methodology. Throughout research on adolescent religiosity, spirituality, and secularism is described, including studies on conceptions of God, afterlife beliefs, the development of an Ethic of Divinity in moral reasoning, recent increases in spirituality and secularism, and the impact of globalization on worldviews and religiously-based puberty rituals. While the focus is on adolescents, the article includes relevant research with children and emerging adults. Concrete future research directions are proposed, including a call to address the extent to which effects of religion on adolescents are dependent on culture and globalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lene Arnett Jensen
- Department of Psychology, Clark University, 950 Main Street, Worcester, MA 01610 USA
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Seffrin P, Ingulli P. Brains, brawn, and beauty: The complementary roles of intelligence and physical aggression in attracting sexual partners. Aggress Behav 2021; 47:38-49. [PMID: 33118198 DOI: 10.1002/ab.21934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The current study compared physical aggression to factors affecting socioeconomic status in the accumulation of sex partners over the life course. Our data sample was drawn from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (men, n = 5,636; women, n = 6,787). Participants were examined in terms of the number of lifetime sex partners they reported, nonrelationship partners, cheating or infidelity, and concurrent relationships. Intelligence and physical violence emerged as being especially likely to boost sex partner accumulation for the number of lifetime sex partners and nonrelationship partners in men. Intelligence also interacted positively with men's violence in cross-sectional models but not longitudinally. Women's violence was not significant regardless of the outcome or model specification. Intelligence showed less consistent effects for women's mating indicators compared to men. Analyses controlled for well-known correlates of aggression and sexual behavior and factors associated with beauty, including interviewer reports of survey participants' physical attractiveness and maturity, as well as self-reported attractiveness, maturity, and health. Findings are consistent with evolutionary ideas regarding costly signaling as an effective mating strategy among men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Seffrin
- Department of Social Sciences Marywood University Scranton Pennsylvania USA
| | - Patricia Ingulli
- Department of Social Sciences Marywood University Scranton Pennsylvania USA
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Abstract
Many college students in the United States arrive on campus with exposure to both traumatic events and typical negative life events, as well as varying levels of emotional wellness. One way that students may seek out help is through spiritually supportive wellness programming. The current study examines the prevalence of and relationship between traumatic life events, typical negative life events, and spiritual growth and decline as predictors of posttraumatic stress in a sample of undergraduates (N = 88) seeking spiritually supportive wellness. Traumatic and typical negative life events and spiritual decline were predictive of posttraumatic stress. Furthermore, a moderation effect was found such that while participants with high trauma exposure and high spiritual decline reported the highest posttraumatic stress, those with high trauma exposure and low spiritual decline reported lower posttraumatic stress, similar to those with low trauma exposure. These results have implications for the role of spiritual decline in the etiology of PTSD (Posttraumatic Stress Disorder) within emerging adult populations who identify as spiritual that warrant further study.
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Schnitker SA, Medenwaldt JM, Williams EG. Religiosity in adolescence. Curr Opin Psychol 2020; 40:155-159. [PMID: 33176270 DOI: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2020.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Person-centered approaches to religious development across adolescence reveal diverse trajectories of change, which are differentially subject to environmental and genetic influences. Studies support the robust protective effects of religiosity on adolescent internalizing and externalizing symptoms. However, some specific religious beliefs may predict poor adjustment. Evidence also suggests adolescent religiosity may exacerbate sexual identity conflicts and increase prejudice toward proscribed outgroups. Researchers demonstrate robust mediating effects of effortful control for explaining religiosity's influence on outcomes, and approaches to establish mediation through assessment intraindividual variability in the daily dynamics of religiosity and positive outcomes are promising. Inclusion of non-Western, non-Christian samples has allowed scholars to begin identifying the universal versus culturally specific elements of religiosity trajectories and processes in adolescence.
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Bowers EP, Winburn EN, Sandoval AM, Clanton T. Culturally relevant strengths and positive development in high achieving youth of color. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2020.101182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Exploring Religiousness and Hope: Examining the Roles of Spirituality and Social Connections among Salvadoran Youth. RELIGIONS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/rel11020075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Given the strong link between religiousness and hope, we sought to further understand the relations of these potentially powerful resources for youth living in adversity. Although existing research suggests that religiousness might be associated with adolescent hope via spirituality and social connections, few studies have tested models that integrate both. Thus, as applied psychologists, the aim of this paper was to test a theoretical model in the lives of youth. Drawing on a Relational Developmental Systems metatheory, we sought to further elucidate the relations between religiousness and hope and to explore how involvement in the faith-based youth-development organization, Compassion International (CI), might facilitate character strengths like hope. In order to do so, we tested whether religiousness was directly and indirectly (via spirituality and social connection) related to hopeful future expectations, using a sample of 9–15-year-olds in El Salvador (M = 11.6 years; n = 888), half of whom were involved in CI and the other half of whom were a locally matched counterfactual sample. Structural equation models revealed that higher levels of religiousness were directly and indirectly associated with higher levels of hope in relation to higher levels of spirituality and social connections among these youth. CI-supported youth reported significantly higher levels of religiousness than the counterfactual sample. Findings suggest that the relationship between religiousness and hope is best understood when it incorporates youth’s spirituality and social connections associated with religion.
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Lee BHJ, Pearce LD. Understanding Why Religious Involvement's Relationship With Education Varies by Social Class. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2019; 29:369-389. [PMID: 31206876 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Religiosity's impact on adolescent educational outcomes has been widely documented in the sociology of religion literature. Building upon King's conceptual framework of ideological, social, and transcendent resources that are made available to youth through religious participation, we use qualitative and quantitative data from the National Study of Youth and Religion (NSYR) to explore how the associations between religious involvement and educational outcomes may vary among lower and higher socioeconomic status youth. Our findings indicate significant positive effects of transcendent and ideological resources on educational outcomes, especially among youth from disadvantaged backgrounds, but limited influence of social resources through youth's religious participation.
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