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Özcan MM. A review on some properties of almond: ımpact of processing, fatty acids, polyphenols, nutrients, bioactive properties, and health aspects. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:1493-1504. [PMID: 37033309 PMCID: PMC10076465 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-022-05398-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This review was focused on the proximate compounds, nutritional values, total phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant activity, fatty acid profile, polyphenols, health aspects and uses of almond kernel and oils. Almond contained about 24-73% crude oil, 50-84% oleic and 6-37% linoleic acids, 77-3908 mg/kg β-stosterol and 5-8 mg/100 g β-tocopherol. Almonds are a good source of mono- and unsaturated fatty acids, phytochemicals, bioactive components, minerals, vitamin E, polyphenols and phytosterols and at the same time almonds have healing effects. Since almond seeds or seed oils have versatile uses, they are consumed on their own or as part of a range of food products. Almonds are considered a healthy snack when consumed due to their potential cardioprotective effects. Since the composition of almonds and its effects on health will be effective both during cultivation and processing, studies should be carried out in a way that preserves the product quality. Graphical abstract In this study, the proximate compounds, harvest and irrigation effect, nutritional values (protein, amino acids, vitamins minerals), total phenol, flavonoid, antioxidant activity, fatty acid profile, polyphenols, and uses of almond kernel and oils were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Musa Özcan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Selçuk University, 42079 Konya, Turkey
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2
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Li J, Zhang S, Gu X, Xie J, Zhu X, Wang Y, Shan T. Effects of alfalfa levels on carcass traits, meat quality, fatty acid composition, amino acid profile, and gut microflora composition of Heigai pigs. Front Nutr 2022; 9:975455. [PMID: 36245526 PMCID: PMC9566568 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.975455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the demand for healthy and high-quality pork. Alfalfa, one of the most popular perennial forages, is considered a rich source of highly nutritional forage for livestock feed, as it contains over 90% insoluble dietary fiber. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of data confirming the effects of adding alfalfa on pork quality, amino acid composition, and intestinal microbiota composition. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary levels of alfalfa on carcass traits, meat quality, amino acid and fatty acid composition, and the intestinal microbiota of Heigai pigs. A total of 72 finishing Heigai pigs were randomly assigned to two groups (n = 36), with six replicate groups and six pigs per replication. The two experimental diets were formulated to include graded levels of alfalfa, 20% (AM20) and 30% (AM30). The results showed that adding 30% alfalfa meal did not affect the growth performance of Heigai pigs but significantly reduced backfat thickness (P < 0.05), pH (P < 0.05), increased the a* value, b* value, and flavor amino acid and essential amino acid contents in longissimus dorsi muscle (LDM). In addition, AM30 didn't affect colonic microbiota abundance but significantly reduced the relative abundances of three phyla, such as Verrucomicrobia, and 43 genera, such as Akkermansia, and significantly increased the relative abundances of 47 genera, such as Prevotella-2. Overall, these results advocate for a diet containing 30% alfalfa to improve meat quality by changing the intestinal microflora composition without affecting the growth performance of Heigai pigs, which provides compelling evidence for the use of alfalfa to relieve the pressure on corn and soybean meal demand and produce high-quality pork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang Univeristy, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang Univeristy, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin Gu
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang Univeristy, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jintang Xie
- Shandong Chunteng Food Co. Ltd., Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Shandong Chunteng Food Co. Ltd., Zaozhuang, Shandong, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang Univeristy, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tizhong Shan
- Institute of Feed Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang Univeristy, Hangzhou, China
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Tizhong Shan
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3
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Ceylanlı D, Şehirli AÖ, Gençosman S, Teralı K, Şah H, Gülmez N, Sayıner S. Protective Effects of Alpha-Lipoic Acid against 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Gastrointestinal Mucositis in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1930. [PMID: 36290656 PMCID: PMC9598092 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is extensively utilized in multivitamin formulas and anti-aging products. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential protective benefits of ALA on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced gastrointestinal mucositis in Wistar albino rats. Tissues from the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine were excised, and blood sera were obtained to identify biochemical indices such as TNF-α, IL-1β, MDA, GPx, SOD, MMP-1, -2, -8, and TIMP-1. A histopathological study was also performed. The results revealed mucositis-elevated TNF-, IL-1, MDA, MMP-1, -2, -8, and TIMP-1 levels in both tissues and sera, and these values dropped dramatically following ALA treatment. Reduced SOD and GPx activities in mucositis groups were reversed in ALA-treated groups. The damage produced by mucositis in the stomach and small intestine regressed in the ALA-treated group, according to histopathological evaluation. Consequently, the implementation of ALA supplementation in 5-FU therapy may act as a protective intervention for cancer patients with gastrointestinal mucositis. In light of the findings, ALA, a food-derived antioxidant with pleiotropic properties, may be an effective treatment for 5-FU-induced gastrointestinal mucositus, and prevent oxidative stress, inflammation, and tissue damage in cancer patients receiving 5-FU therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Ceylanlı
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Özer Şehirli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Sevgi Gençosman
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Kerem Teralı
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cyprus International University, 99258 Nicosia, Northern Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Şah
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Nurhayat Gülmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, 56100 Siirt, Turkey
| | - Serkan Sayıner
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, 99138 Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
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Micronutrient Improvement of Epithelial Barrier Function in Various Disease States: A Case for Adjuvant Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23062995. [PMID: 35328419 PMCID: PMC8951934 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23062995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The published literature makes a very strong case that a wide range of disease morbidity associates with and may in part be due to epithelial barrier leak. An equally large body of published literature substantiates that a diverse group of micronutrients can reduce barrier leak across a wide array of epithelial tissue types, stemming from both cell culture as well as animal and human tissue models. Conversely, micronutrient deficiencies can exacerbate both barrier leak and morbidity. Focusing on zinc, Vitamin A and Vitamin D, this review shows that at concentrations above RDA levels but well below toxicity limits, these micronutrients can induce cell- and tissue-specific molecular-level changes in tight junctional complexes (and by other mechanisms) that reduce barrier leak. An opportunity now exists in critical care—but also medical prophylactic and therapeutic care in general—to consider implementation of select micronutrients at elevated dosages as adjuvant therapeutics in a variety of disease management. This consideration is particularly pointed amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Niu H, Zhou X, Gong P, Jiao Y, Zhang J, Wu Y, Lyu L, Liang C, Chen S, Han X, Zhang L. Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus MN-431 Producing Indole Derivatives on Complementary Feeding-Induced Diarrhea Rat Pups Through the Enhancement of the Intestinal Barrier Function. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100619. [PMID: 34806832 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Many infants suffer from complementary feeding-induced diarrhea (CFID). Studies have shown that intestinal microbes can enhance the intestinal barrier and prevent diarrhea by producing indole derivatives that promote pregnane X receptor (PXR) expression. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, the indole test and determination of the PXR concentration are performed on tryptophan broth cultures of 320-suspected Lactobacillus and Enterococcus strains. Four strains that produce indole derivatives that promote the expression of PXR are screened as potential functional probiotics. Both Lactobacillus rhamnosus MN-431 (L. rhamnosus MN-431) and Lactobacillus oris FN-448 (L. oris FN-448) can colonize the intestine of rat pups, and L. rhamnosus MN-431 can significantly decrease the incidence of diarrhea and intestinal permeability in rat pups. Using real-time qPCR and the analysis of the intestinal morphology using immunohistochemistry, it is observed that the metabolized tryptophan from L. rhamnosus MN-431 can reduce small intestinal mucosal damage by stimulating PXR/NF-κB signaling and activating PXR and aryl hydrocarbon receptor. The intestinal barrier is also enhanced by promoting the expression of tight junction proteins such as Occludin and zonula occludens-1 in baby rats. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that L. rhamnosus MN-431 can metabolize tryptophan to prevent infantile CFID by promoting the expression of PXR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Niu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | | | - Pimin Gong
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Yuehua Jiao
- Drug Safety Evaluation Center, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Jiliang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Linzheng Lyu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Cong Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Shiwei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Xue Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
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The Alpha-Lipoic Acid Improves Survival and Prevents Irinotecan-Induced Inflammation and Intestinal Dysmotility in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13110361. [PMID: 33152996 PMCID: PMC7692584 DOI: 10.3390/ph13110361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Irinotecan, an anticancer drug, induces diarrhea and intestinal inflammation, resulting in an increase in the cost of care and in treatment delays. In this study, we investigated whether alpha-lipoic acid (α-LA) could improve irinotecan-mediated intestinal inflammation, diarrhea and dysmotility. Intestinal mucositis was induced by irinotecan injection (75 mg/kg, i.p., for 4 days) in Swiss mice. α-LA (50, 100 or 200 mg/kg, gavage) was administered daily 1 h before the injection of irinotecan. Duodenum tissues were obtained for inflammation and proliferation analysis. The outcomes: diarrhea, intestinal dysmotility, weight body loss and survival were evaluated. Compared with the control condition, irinotecan diminished (p < 0.05) intestinal villus height, caused a loss of crypt integrity and intense inflammatory cell infiltration, increased myeloperoxidase (MPO), IL-6 and IL-1β levels and decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in duodenum segments and increased gastric retention and decreased liquid retention in the medial intestinal segment, resulting in increased intestinal transit, severe diarrhea and reduced survival (approximately 72%). Furthermore, α-LA (200 mg/kg) pretreatment ameliorated (p < 0.05) these irinotecan-induced effects. Our findings show that α-LA reduced irinotecan-induced inflammation, intestinal dysmotility and diarrhea, resulting in improved survival. α-LA may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of gut dysmotility in patients with intestinal mucositis associated with irinotecan treatment.
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Xiong X, Liang J, Xu Y, Liu J, Liu Y. The wound healing effects of the Tilapia collagen peptide mixture TY001 in streptozotocin diabetic mice. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2848-2858. [PMID: 31646634 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Tilapia collagen peptides mixture TY001 is effective in promoting wound healing in acetic acid-induced skin lesions in zebrafish and in protecting against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and disruption of glucose metabolism in mice. The present study aimed to further examine the wound healing effects of TY001 in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. METHODS Full-thickness skin excision wounds were created with 8-mm biopsy punches and TY001 was administered via drinking water (15, 30 and 45 g L-1 in emulsion) for 15 days. RESULTS Wound healing was delayed in diabetic mice but was promoted by TY001 after 5, 10 or 15 days of treatment. Collagen deposition and tissue hydroxyproline contents were increased by TY001. The expressions of insulin growth factor-1, basic fibroblast growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth facts β1, vascular endothelial growth factor and epidermal growth factor were increased by TY001, as indicated by immunobiochemistry and a quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Diabetes-associated serum pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-8 were decreased, whereas anti-inflammatory IL-10 and nitric oxide were increased by TY001, along with increased tissue antioxidant superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. Diabetes-reduced serum protein levels were also recovered by TY001 CONCLUSION: Taken together, Tilapia collagen peptide mixture TY001 was effective with respect to enhancing diabetes-associated wound healing delay, probably via increasing growth factors and collagen deposition in the wound, attenuating diabetes-induced prolonged inflammation, increasing tissue antioxidants and providing nutritional support in diabetic mice. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyun Xiong
- Yabao Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Fenglingdu, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Yabao Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Fenglingdu, China
| | - Yiqiao Xu
- Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an, China
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8
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Beyond Heat Stress: Intestinal Integrity Disruption and Mechanism-Based Intervention Strategies. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030734. [PMID: 32168808 PMCID: PMC7146479 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The current climate changes have increased the prevalence and intensity of heat stress (HS) conditions. One of the initial consequences of HS is the impairment of the intestinal epithelial barrier integrity due to hyperthermia and hypoxia following blood repartition, which often results in a leaky gut followed by penetration and transfer of luminal antigens, endotoxins, and pathogenic bacteria. Under extreme conditions, HS may culminate in the onset of “heat stroke”, a potential lethal condition if remaining untreated. HS-induced alterations of the gastrointestinal epithelium, which is associated with a leaky gut, are due to cellular oxidative stress, disruption of intestinal integrity, and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This review summarizes the possible resilience mechanisms based on in vitro and in vivo data and the potential interventions with a group of nutritional supplements, which may increase the resilience to HS-induced intestinal integrity disruption and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
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A Simulated Microgravity Environment Causes a Sustained Defect in Epithelial Barrier Function. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17531. [PMID: 31772208 PMCID: PMC6879622 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53862-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) junctions constitute a robust barrier to invasion by viruses, bacteria and exposure to ingested agents. Previous studies showed that microgravity compromises the human immune system and increases enteropathogen virulence. However, the effects of microgravity on epithelial barrier function are poorly understood. The aims of this study were to identify if simulated microgravity alters intestinal epithelial barrier function (permeability), and susceptibility to barrier-disrupting agents. IECs (HT-29.cl19a) were cultured on microcarrier beads in simulated microgravity using a rotating wall vessel (RWV) for 18 days prior to seeding on semipermeable supports to measure ion flux (transepithelial electrical resistance (TER)) and FITC-dextran (FD4) permeability over 14 days. RWV cells showed delayed apical junction localization of the tight junction proteins, occludin and ZO-1. The alcohol metabolite, acetaldehyde, significantly decreased TER and reduced junctional ZO-1 localization, while increasing FD4 permeability in RWV cells compared with static, motion and flask control cells. In conclusion, simulated microgravity induced an underlying and sustained susceptibility to epithelial barrier disruption upon removal from the microgravity environment. This has implications for gastrointestinal homeostasis of astronauts in space, as well as their capability to withstand the effects of agents that compromise intestinal epithelial barrier function following return to Earth.
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Huang Z, Peng H, Sun Y, Zhu X, Zhang H, Jiang L, Zhao Q, Xiong H. Beneficial effects of novel hydrolysates produced by limited enzymatic broken rice on the gut microbiota and intestinal morphology in weaned piglets. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Daneshzad E, Larijani B, Azadbakht L. Diet quality indices and cardiovascular diseases risk factors among diabetic women. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:5926-5933. [PMID: 31206677 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes is a common chronic disease with many complications and is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The present study aimed to investigate the association of diet quality indices and CVD risk factors among diabetic women. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 230 Tehrani women with type 2 diabetes. A validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire was completed to assess the dietary intake. Diet quality indices were considered with respect to adherence to the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010) and Diet Quality Index-International (DQI-I). Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and biochemical tests were assessed. CVD risk factors were evaluated according to the adult treatment panel III. RESULTS Patients who were in the top tertile of the DQI consumed less fat, saturated fatty acids and sodium, as well as more protein, fiber, iron and calcium (P < 0.05). Participants who were in the top tertile of diet quality indices consumed less processed and organ meat and more fruits, and vegetables. Patients in the highest tertile of HEI had lower fasting blood sugar levels (148.92 ± 6.05 mg dL-1 versus 171.30 ± 5.79 mg dL-1 , P = 0.021). There was no significant association between DQI-I, HEI and other CVD risk factors. CONCLUSION There was no association between diet quality indices and CVD risk factors among diabetic patients. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Daneshzad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Zhou M, Song L, Ye S, Zeng W, Hännien H, Yu W, Suo J, Hu Y, Wu J. New sights into lipid metabolism regulation by low temperature in harvested Torreya grandis nuts. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:4226-4234. [PMID: 30790295 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Torreya grandis, a large evergreen coniferous tree with oil-rich nuts, undergoes a crucial ripening stage after harvest that results in oil accumulation, finally giving rise to the nut that is edible in roasted form. To understand lipid metabolism in T. grandis nuts during the post-harvest ripening period, the effects of low temperature on lipid content, fatty acid composition, lipid biosynthesis and degradation were investigated. RESULTS The lipid content increased during ripening at room temperature and a low temperature slowed down this increase. Linoleic acid content increased at low temperature, which was accompanied by an increase in the microsomal oleate desaturase (FAD2) activity and FAD2 expression. Furthermore, a low temperature attenuated lipid peroxidation as indicated by lower contents of malondialdehyde, hydroperoxide and total free fatty acid in T. grandis nuts during the ripening stage, as well as the down-regulation of gene expression of lipid degradation-related enzymes such as phospholipase D and lipoxygenases. CONCLUSION The findings of the present study indicate that a low temperature increased polyunsaturated fatty acid contents by increasing FAD2 biosynthesis and decreasing lipid peroxidation, thereby improving the oil yield in T. grandis nuts during the post-harvest ripening period. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lili Song
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Heikki Hännien
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinwei Suo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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13
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Chen X, Yang Z, Hu H, Duan W, Wang A, Dong Y, Gao W, Deng S, Cheng B, Li J, Sun N, Cheng Z, Guo W, Li Y, Gao Y. Differentiation and Proliferation of Intestinal Stem Cells and its Underlying Regulated Mechanisms during Weaning. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:690-695. [DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190125101834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Weaning is a stressful event associated with gastrointestinal disorders and increased disease
susceptibility. Many studies have reported the changes that happened in the gut of various mammals such
as pigs and rats after weaning. These findings suggest that the development of intestinal tract mainly is
affected at the time of weaning through interfering in the differentiation and proliferation of intestinal
stem cells. Weaning stress stimulates the rapid differentiation and proliferation of intestinal stem cells in
order to adjust to changes caused by weaning, which are mainly manifested as deeper crypt depth and
decreased intestine villus height. However, the accelerated cellular process may lead to an increase in
the proportion of immature intestinal epithelial cells and goblet cells, which affect intestinal permeability
and reduce the gut-barrier function against toxins and pathogens. This review briefly describes the effects
coforticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and polyamines on the differentiation
and proliferation of intestinal stem cells after weaning and discusses its possible underlying regulatory
mechanisms. Firstly, weaning stress activates CRF to binds its receptors, which induces proinflammatory
responses and promote rapid differentiation and proliferation of intestinal stem cells to a
larger fraction of immature intestinal epithelial cells and goblet cells. Secondly, the lack of EGF after
weaning inhibits the expression of goblet cell maturation factors and makes it difficult for goblet cells
and intestinal epithelial cells to mature. Finally, diet and endogenous synthesis lead to excessive polyamines
in the intestine, which promote the proliferation of intestinal stem cells by regulating the expression
of human antigen R (HuR) and other related genes at the time of weaning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zehong Yang
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Wentao Duan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Aiping Wang
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Yanbin Dong
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Weihang Gao
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Song Deng
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Nannan Sun
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhibin Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Wenfeng Guo
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Yanwu Li
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Yong Gao
- Piwei Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
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14
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Bian X, Liu X, Liu J, Zhao Y, Li H, Zhang L, Li P, Gao Y. Hepatoprotective effect of chiisanoside from Acanthopanax sessiliflorus against LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting NF-κB and activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:3283-3290. [PMID: 30552777 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In China, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus is a delicious wild vegetable. It is also used to treat inflammation and pain. Chiisanoside (CSS) is the main constituent of the leaf of A. sessiliflorus. Combined use of lipopolysaccharide and d-galactosamine (LPS/D-GalN) can induce acute liver failure in human beings, and there are no reports on the protective effect of CSS against LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury in mice. RESULTS Chiisanoside pretreatment evidently reduced the activities of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) in the changes induced by LPS/D-GalN, and these histopathological changes induced by LPS/GalN were significantly weakened. Catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities increased, and malondialdehyde (MDA) activity decreased after CSS treatment compared with LPS/D-GalN treatment. Pretreatment with CSS also inhibited the expression levels of inflammatory factors. The administration of CSS prevented the phosphorylated expression of inhibitor kappa B (IκB) kinase, and led to a significant increase in heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor2 (Nrf2) nuclear translocation. CONCLUSION The protective effects of CSS are attributed to its antioxidative effect and inflammatory suppression in Nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-κB) and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathways. Chiisanoside might therefore be a potential ingredient for drug and food development against acute liver injury in the future. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingbo Bian
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | | | | | - Yan Zhao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Lianxue Zhang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
| | | | - Yugang Gao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agriculture University, Changchun, China
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15
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Hu S, Yang J, Rao M, Wang Y, Zhou F, Cheng G, Xia W, Zhu C. Copper nanoparticle-induced uterine injury in female rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:252-261. [PMID: 30556269 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) have been used increasingly in various products and applications. Although recent studies have reported that exposure to Cu-NPs leads to organ accumulation and obvious toxicity, it remains unclear whether Cu-NPs can be translocated to and cause damage in the uterus. In this study, we investigated the potential for uterine injury and gene expression patterns in female rats exposed to 3.12, 6.25, or 12.5 mg/kg/d Cu-NPs via intraperitoneal injection for 14 consecutive days. The results indicated that exposure to Cu-NPs led to significant decreases in the relative uterine weight coefficients and increases in inflammatory cell infiltration, mitochondrial swelling and vacuolization, shortened and reduced endometrial epithelial cell microvilli, and apoptosis. Furthermore, exposure to Cu-NPs increased malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Signal transduction mechanism studies indicated that exposure to Cu-NPs activated caspases 3, 8, and 9 and BH3 interacting domain death agonist (tBid), reduced B cell leukemia/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) expression, and increased the expression of apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1 (Apaf-1), BCL2-associated X, apoptosis regulator (Bax), and cytochrome c. A microarray analysis revealed significant alterations in the expression of 963 genes; of these, 622 were upregulated and 341 were downregulated. The results of further evaluations of some altered genes, including matrix metallopeptidase 12 (Mmp12), using quantitative RT-PCR agreed with the microarray findings. These results provide strong evidence that Cu-NPs can trigger both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways to mediate uterine injury, resulting in oxidative stress-related changes in gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifu Hu
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Meng Rao
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fang Zhou
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guiping Cheng
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Wei Xia
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Changhong Zhu
- Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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16
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Ma W, Tang C, Hu H, Zhang F, Wang X, Wu X, Zhang W, Wang X, Ma H, Li Z, Dong Y, Yang Z, Feng S, Tian L, Gao Y. Advance in Tissue Differentiation and its Regulatory Mechanisms by Master Proteins of Nervous System during Weaning. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2019; 20:683-689. [PMID: 30678621 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666190125101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Weaning is a critical period for the growth and development of mammals, in which various physiological and biochemical indicators of the body have undergone great changes. The development, differentiation, and maturation of the nervous system are regulated by many proteins. Changes in related proteins affect the physiological functions of the nervous system. However, the regulation of selfrenewal and differentiation of the nervous system at this stage is still poorly understood. The mechanism of differentiation and regulation of the major proteins in the nervous system during this special period of weaning remains to be investigated. Therefore, this paper aims to summarize the alteration of the nervous system during weaning and provide the basis for subsequent research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Ma
- College of PIWEI institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832001, China
| | - Chengfang Tang
- College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832001, China
| | - Huiling Hu
- College of PIWEI institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fenglian Zhang
- Department of Operating Theatre, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, 256610, China
| | - Xuanying Wang
- Department of Operating Theatre, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, 256610, China
| | - Xiaoting Wu
- Department of Operating Theatre, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, 256610, China
| | - Wenjian Zhang
- Department of Operating Theatre, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, 256610, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Operating Theatre, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, 256610, China
| | - Huazhi Ma
- Department of Rheumatology, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, 256610, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- College of PIWEI institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanbin Dong
- College of PIWEI institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zehong Yang
- College of PIWEI institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shixiu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Southern Subtropical Plant Diversity, Shenzhen Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518004, China
| | - Liping Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832001, China
| | - Yong Gao
- College of PIWEI institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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17
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Dong X, Xu Q, Wang C, Zou X, Lu J. Supplemental-coated zinc oxide relieves diarrhoea by decreasing intestinal permeability in weanling pigs. JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2019.1645673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Dong
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Animal Sciences & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Zou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Key Laboratory of Animal Feed and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Summo C, Palasciano M, De Angelis D, Paradiso VM, Caponio F, Pasqualone A. Evaluation of the chemical and nutritional characteristics of almonds (Prunus dulcis (Mill). D.A. Webb) as influenced by harvest time and cultivar. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:5647-5655. [PMID: 29708600 PMCID: PMC7167047 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several workers have studied the effect of harvest time on chemical and nutritional composition of almonds, but the results are partly conflicting, probably due to differences in the cultivars considered and to different agronomic and climatic conditions in the growing areas. In this paper, the influence of harvest time and cultivar on the chemical and nutritional composition of almonds (Prunus dulcis (Mill). D.A. Webb) were evaluated. Ten cultivars were considered, grown in the same orchard and subjected to the same agronomical regime. Almonds were collected at two different harvest times: (i) when the fruits were unripe, but already edible, and showed green and moist hull; and (ii) when the fruits were ripe, with dry brown hull. The analyses of proximate composition, fatty acid profile, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity were carried out. RESULTS Lipid content increased (P < 0.001) during ripening, while both protein and carbohydrate content decreased (P < 0.01). Fatty acid composition showed a not univocal behavior during ripening and was highly influenced by cultivar. Total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity varied among cultivars but increased during ripening with the exception of cv Marcona. The 'Genco' and 'Francolì' cultivars were found to be phenolic rich. CONCLUSION Harvest time and cultivar significantly influenced the chemical and nutritional composition of almonds. Genotype strongly influenced fatty acid composition and total phenolic compounds. The changes of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity suggest that the synthesis of antioxidants also occurs in the last stage of ripening. Unripe almonds, a valuable niche product, showed interesting nutritional value. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Summo
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA)University of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Marino Palasciano
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA)University of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Davide De Angelis
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA)University of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Vito M Paradiso
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA)University of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Francesco Caponio
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA)University of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
| | - Antonella Pasqualone
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Science (DISSPA)University of Bari Aldo MoroBariItaly
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19
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Wang Y, Xie Q, Sun S, Huang B, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Zhang S, Xiang H. Probiotics-fermented Massa Medicata Fermentata ameliorates weaning stress in piglets related to improving intestinal homeostasis. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:10713-10727. [PMID: 30397767 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Weaning stress has serious negative effects on piglets' health and the swine industry. Probiotics-fermented Chinese herbal medicines are potential feed additives to ameliorate weaning stress. In this study, the effects of probiotics-fermented Massa Medicata Fermentata (MMFP) on intestinal homeostasis were evaluated in weaning piglets. Dietary supplementation with MMFP promoted the development of the intestinal structure and elevated the concentrations of lactic acid and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in the intestinal contents and antioxidant capacities in serum. MMFP reduced the levels of inflammatory factors in the intestinal mucosa. Microbial community analysis demonstrated that MMFP led to the selective and progressive enrichment of lactic acid- and SCFA-producing bacteria along the gastrointestinal tract, in particular, OTUs corresponding to Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Acetitomaculum, Roseburia, and Eubacterium xylanophilum group, while MMFP reduced the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria. On the contrary, antibiotics had negative effects on intestinal histology and increased the relative abundance of pro-inflammatory bacterium, such as Marvinbryantia, Peptococcus, Turicibacter, and Blautia. Correlation analysis reflected that the bacteria enriched in MMFP group were positively correlated with enhanced intestinal homeostasis, which suggested that dietary supplementation with MMFP enhanced host intestinal homeostasis by modulating the composition of gut microbiota and the levels of beneficial SCFAs, thus ameliorating weaning stress in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuhong Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China.,National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Baojia Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Shumin Zhang
- Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130124, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China. .,National Engineering Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Lei XJ, Kim IH. Low dose of coated zinc oxide is as effective as pharmacological zinc oxide in promoting growth performance, reducing fecal scores, and improving nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology in weaned pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Lebda MA, Sadek KM, Tohamy HG, Abouzed TK, Shukry M, Umezawa M, El-Sayed YS. Potential role of α-lipoic acid and Ginkgo biloba against silver nanoparticles-induced neuronal apoptosis and blood-brain barrier impairments in rats. Life Sci 2018; 212:251-260. [PMID: 30304694 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study explored whether silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can disrupt tight-junctions integrity resulted in blood-brain barrier dysfunction along with oxidative stress, pro-inflammation, and apoptosis induction. Additionally, neuroprotective activities of α-lipoic acid (LA) and Ginkgo biloba (GB) were investigated. MAIN METHODS Forty adults rats were enrolled into; Control, AgNPs (50 mg/kg), LA (100 mg/kg) + AgNPs, and GB (120 mg/kg) + AgNPs. After 30 days, neuronal changes were assessed biochemically and histopathologically. Brain tissues oxidative indices, mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines and tight-junction proteins and pro-apoptotic biomarker, caspase-3 were investigated. KEY FINDINGS AgNPs exposure enhanced lipid peroxidation (+195%) along with declines in glutathione (-43%), glutathione peroxidase (-34%), glutathione S-transferase (-31%), catalase (-43%), and superoxide dismutase (-38%) activities in brain tissues. The apparent brain oxidative damage was associated with obvious neuronal dysfunction that was ascertained by neuropathological lesions. AgNPs lowered serum acetylcholine esterase, iron and copper levels, and increased creatine phosphokinase and creatine phosphokinase-brain type activities. Following AgNPs exposure, brain silver and iron contents were increased, but the copper level was decreased. AgNPs up-regulated TNF-α (6.5-fold) and IL-1β (8.9-fold) transcript levels, and simultaneously over-expressed the caspase-3 protein in cerebrum and cerebellum inducing cell apoptosis. Moreover, AgNPs down-regulated the transcript levels of tight-junction proteins; JP-1 (0.65-fold) and JAM-3(0.81-fold). SIGNIFICANCE LA and relatively GB improved the serious effects of AgNPs on the blood-brain barrier function and tight-junction proteins through their antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic efficacies. Co-treatment with LA or GB may be favorable in ameliorating the neurotoxic side effects of AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Lebda
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Kadry M Sadek
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Egypt
| | - Hossam G Tohamy
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Egypt
| | - Tarek K Abouzed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Shukry
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Masakazu Umezawa
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, Japan.
| | - Yasser S El-Sayed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhur University, Egypt.
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22
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Ma N, Wu Y, Xie F, Du K, Wang Y, Shi L, Ji L, Liu T, Ma X. Dimethyl fumarate reduces the risk of mycotoxins via improving intestinal barrier and microbiota. Oncotarget 2018; 8:44625-44638. [PMID: 28574825 PMCID: PMC5546506 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on mycotoxins and animal growth performance are well documented. However, its mechanism of anti-mildew effects is still unknown. The current study investigated how DMF detoxified the mycotoxin and improved the growth performance using BALB/c mice model, especially its effects on intestinal barrier function and gut micro-ecology. Our study also compared with the ultraviolet radiation (UR) treatment, a traditional anti-mildew control (TC). The results indicated that the DMF treatment had a lower contents of mycotoxin, better growth performance and improved mucosal morphology (P < 0.05), accompanied with the decreased intestinal permeability and the tighter gut barrier. Moreover, the efficiency of DMF was better than TC (P < 0.05). 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the richness and diversity of bacteria was increased in DMF treatment. The most abundant OTUs belonged to Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and their changes in DMF were more moderate than the TC group, suggesting a more stable micro-ecology and the positive impact of DMF on the biodiversity of intestine. Specifically, the increased abundance of bacteria producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as Gemella, Roseburia, Bacillus and Bacteroides in DMF group and prebiotics such as Lactobacillus in TC group, suggested a more healthier microbial composition and distribution. These findings supported that DMF had significant effects on animal's growth performance and intestinal barrier function by modulating the pathway of nutrient absorption and increasing the diversity and balance of gut microbes, which also illuminate that DMF is more efficient than traditional anti-mildew method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kexin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linxin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Linbao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tianyi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.,Departments of Internal Medicine and Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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23
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Han M, Song P, Huang C, Rezaei A, Farrar S, Brown MA, Ma X. Dietary grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) improve weaned intestinal microbiota and mucosal barrier using a piglet model. Oncotarget 2018; 7:80313-80326. [PMID: 27880936 PMCID: PMC5348322 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins have been suggested as an effective antibiotic alternative, however their mechanisms are still unknown. The present study investigated the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins on gut microbiota and mucosal barrier using a weaned piglet model in comparison with colistin. Piglets weaned at 28 day were randomly assigned to four groups treated with a control ration, or supplemented with 250 mg/kg proanthocyanidins, kitasamycin/colistin, or 250 mg/kg proanthocyanidins and half-dose antibiotics, respectively. On day 28, the gut chyme and tissue samples were collected to test intestinal microbiota and barrier function, respectively. Proanthocyanidins treated piglets had better growth performance and reduced diarrhea incidence (P < 0.05), accompanied with decreased intestinal permeability and improved mucosal morphology. Gene sequencing analysis of 16S rRNA revealed that dietary proanthocyanidins improved the microbial diversity in ileal and colonic digesta, and the most abundant OTUs belong to Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes spp.. Proanthocyanidins treatment decreased the abundance of Lactobacillaceae, and increased the abundance of Clostridiaceae in both ileal and colonic lumen, which suggests that proanthocyanidins treatment changed the bacterial composition and distribution. Administration of proanthocyanidins increased the concentration of propionic acid and butyric acid in the ileum and colon, which may activate the expression of GPR41. In addition, dietary proanthocyanidins improved the antioxidant indices in serum and intestinal mucosa, accompanied with increasing expression of barrier occludin. Our findings indicated that proanthocyanidins with half-dose colistin was equivalent to the antibiotic treatment and assisted weaned animals in resisting intestinal oxidative stress by increasing diversity and improving balance of gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peixia Song
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Arash Rezaei
- School of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Shabnam Farrar
- College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University, Downers Grove IL, USA
| | - Michael A Brown
- Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Xi Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Center for Autophagy Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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24
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Effects of isomalto-oligosaccharides as potential prebiotics on performance, immune function and gut microbiota in weaned pigs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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25
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Varasteh S, Fink-Gremmels J, Garssen J, Braber S. α-Lipoic acid prevents the intestinal epithelial monolayer damage under heat stress conditions: model experiments in Caco-2 cells. Eur J Nutr 2017; 57:1577-1589. [PMID: 28349254 PMCID: PMC5960005 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-017-1442-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Under conditions of high ambient temperatures and/or strenuous exercise, humans and animals experience considerable heat stress (HS) leading among others to intestinal epithelial damage through induction of cellular oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of α-Lipoic Acid (ALA) on HS-induced intestinal epithelial injury using an in vitro Caco-2 cell model. Methods A confluent monolayer of Caco-2 cells was pre-incubated with ALA (24 h) prior to control (37 °C) or HS conditions (42 °C) for 6 or 24 h and the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), heat shock factor-1 (HSF1), and the antioxidant Nrf2 were investigated. Intestinal integrity was determined by measuring transepithelial resistance, paracellular permeability, junctional complex reassembly, and E-cadherin expression and localization. Furthermore, cell proliferation was measured in an epithelial wound healing assay and the expression of the inflammatory markers cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and transforming growth Factor-β (TGF-β) was evaluated. Results ALA pretreatment increased the HSP70 mRNA and protein expression under HS conditions, but did not significantly modulate the HS-induced activation of HSF1. The HS-induced increase in Nrf2 gene expression as well as the Nrf2 nuclear translocation was impeded by ALA. Moreover, ALA prevented the HS-induced impairment of intestinal integrity. Cell proliferation under HS conditions was improved by ALA supplementation as demonstrated in an epithelial wound healing assay and ALA was able to affect the HS-induced inflammatory response by decreasing the COX-2 and TGF-β mRNA expression. Conclusions ALA supplementation could prevent the disruption of intestinal epithelial integrity by enhancing epithelial cell proliferation, and reducing the inflammatory response under HS conditions in an in vitro Caco-2 cell model. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00394-017-1442-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Varasteh
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Johanna Fink-Gremmels
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CM, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Nutricia Research, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia Braber
- Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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