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D'Costa MS, Bugiardini E, Merve A, Morrow JM. PYROXD1-associated myopathy. BMJ Case Rep 2024; 17:e259907. [PMID: 38553017 PMCID: PMC10982700 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2024-259907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
PYROXD1-associated myopathy is a rare genetic form of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD) with only 23 previous cases having been reported in the literature. The exact role of PYROXD1 in the pathophysiology of LGMD remains unclear. We describe two brothers who presented to the neuromuscular clinic with progressive weakness of their upper and lower limbs over the preceding decades. Our case highlights how recent advancements in genetic sequencing have revolutionised the diagnostic classification process for LGMD and provided opportunities to establish diagnoses for previously unclassified myopathies. We also illustrate how the increased adoption of muscle MRI to identify disease and target muscle biopsy can provide better quality and more informative samples for classification. Finally, our report details the clinical and histopathological findings found in both cases adding valuable data to the currently limited information published on PYROXD1-associated myopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enrico Bugiardini
- Queen Square Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Ashirwad Merve
- Neuropathology, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Jasper M Morrow
- Queen Square Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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2
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Yang L, Qiao P, Zhang J, Chen X, Hu A, Huang S. Crosstalk between ROCK1 and PYROXD1 regulates CAFs activation and promotes laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma metastasis. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:120. [PMID: 36334145 PMCID: PMC9637080 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00578-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously found that the Rho-associated kinase 1 (ROCK1) activated Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) to promote LSCC metastasis. Accumulating evidence indicates that pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase domain 1 (PYROXD1) is an oncogene; however, the crosstalk between ROCK1 and PYROXD1 in LSCC metastasis remains largely unknown. Here, we found that ROCK1 could target PYROXD1. The knockdown of ROCK1 expression reduces the expression of PYROXD1, while the knockdown of PYROXD1 expression did not alter the expression of ROCK1 indicating that ROCK1 is upstream of PYROXD1. Further, LSCC cells cocultured with PYROXD1 knocked-down CAFs exhibited lower proliferation, migration, invasion and metastasis abilities. Conversely, LSCC cells cocultured with PYROXD1-overexpressing CAFs showed opposite results. In conclusion, the crosstalk between ROCK1 and PYROXD1 regulated CAFs activation and promoted LSCC metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyun Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Peipei Qiao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Jianwei Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200135, China
| | - An Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200135, China.
| | - Shuixian Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Gongli Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200135, China.
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Daimagüler HS, Akpulat U, Özdemir Ö, Yis U, Güngör S, Talim B, Diniz G, Baydan F, Thiele H, Altmüller J, Nürnberg P, Cirak S. Clinical and genetic characterization of PYROXD1-related myopathy patients from Turkey. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 185:1678-1690. [PMID: 33694278 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Congenital myopathies (CMs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited muscle disorders characterized by muscle weakness at birth, while limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMD) have a later onset and slower disease progression. Thus, detailed clinical phenotyping of genetically defined disease entities are required for the full understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations. A recently defined myopathic genetic disease entity is caused by bi-allelic variants in a gene coding for pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase domain 1 (PYROXD1) with unknown substrates. Here, we present three patients from two consanguineous Turkish families with mild LGMD, facial weakness, normal CK levels, and slow progress. Genomic analyses revealed a homozygous known pathogenic missense variant (c.464A>G, p.Asn155Ser) in family 1 with two affected females. In the affected male of family 2, we found this variant in a compound heterozygous state together with a novel frameshift variant (c.329_332delTCTG, p.Leu112Valfs*8), which is the second frameshift variant known so far in PYROXD1. We have been able to define a large homozygous region in family 1 sharing a common haplotype with family 2 in the critical region. Our data suggest that c.464A>G is a Turkish founder mutation. To gain deeper insights, we performed a systematic review of all published PYROXD1-related myopathy cases. Our analysis showed that the c.464A > G variant was found in 87% (20/23) of the patients and that it may cause either a childhood- or adult-onset phenotype, irrespective of its presence in a homozygous or compound heterozygous state. Interestingly, only four patients had elevated CK levels (up to 1000 U/L), and cardiac involvement was found in few compound heterozygous cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hülya-Sevcan Daimagüler
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ugur Akpulat
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kastamonu University, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Özkan Özdemir
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Uluc Yis
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology Izmir, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Serdal Güngör
- Faculty of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Research Center, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Inönü University Malatya, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Beril Talim
- Pediatric Pathology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülden Diniz
- Department of Pathology, Izmir Democracy University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Figen Baydan
- Division of Child Neurology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.,Neuromuscular Disease Center, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Holger Thiele
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Janine Altmüller
- Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peter Nürnberg
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Genomics (CCG), University of Cologne and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sebahattin Cirak
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Cirak S, Daimagüler HS, Moawia A, Koy A, Yis U. On the differential diagnosis of neuropathy in neurogenetic disorders. MED GENET-BERLIN 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/medgen-2020-2040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Neuropathy might be the presenting or accompanying sign in many neurogenetic and metabolic disorders apart from the classical-peripheral neuropathies or motor-neuron diseases. This causes a diagnostic challenge which is of particular relevance since a number of the underlying diseases could be treated. Thus, we attempt to give a clinical overview on the most common genetic diseases with clinically manifesting neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebahattin Cirak
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Hülya-Sevcan Daimagüler
- Division of Pediatrics Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine , Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir , Turkey
| | - Abubakar Moawia
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Anne Koy
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
- Center for Rare Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Uluc Yis
- Division of Pediatrics Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine , Dokuz Eylul University , Izmir , Turkey
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Abstract
Genetic testing in clinical practice commonly involves next-generation sequencing and most testing has been focused on specific sets of genes that are relevant to the clinical presentation (disease specific panels). Testing has typically been performed on DNA isolated from blood leukocytes. Exome sequencing is also available on for clinical testing. Some patients are particularly challenging, with negative genetic testing including (in some cases) whole exome sequencing. For some neuromuscular patients, testing of DNA or RNA isolated from muscle may provide clues that lead to the patient's diagnosis. This article presents cases to illustrate testing algorithms that may establish cases of mosaicism of the proband or parent, mitochondrial DNA mosaicism, genomic rearrangements, or novel genetic diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perry B Shieh
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, 300 Medical Plaza, Suite B-200, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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