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Liu Z, Wan L, Zhang J, Bai D, Song C, Zhou Y, Shen H, Cao X. A novel strategy of bloom forming cyanobacteria Microcystis sp. in response to phosphorus deficiency: Using non-phosphorus lipids substitute phospholipids. HARMFUL ALGAE 2024; 138:102694. [PMID: 39244230 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2024.102694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite significant reductions in phosphorus (P) loads, lakes still experience cyanobacterial blooms. Little is known regarding cellular P regulation in response to P deficiency in widely distributed bloom causing species such as Microcystis. In this study, we investigated changes in P containing and non-P lipids contents and their ratios concomitantly with the determinations of expression levels of genes encoding these lipids in cultural and field Microcystis samples. In the culture, the content of phosphatidylglycerol (PG) decreased from 2.1 μg g-1 in P replete control to 1.2 μg g-1 in P-deficient treatment, while non-P lipids, like sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), increased dramatically from 13.6 μg g-1 to 142.3 μg g-1, and from 0.9 μg g-1 to 16.74 μg g-1, respectively. The expression of the MGDG synthesis gene, mgdE, also increased under low P conditions. Significant positive relationships between soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and ratios of P-containing lipids (PG) to non-P lipids, including SQDG, MGDG and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) (P < 0.05) were observed in the field investigations. Both cultural and field data indicated that Microcystis sp. might increase non-P lipids proportion to lower P demand when suffering from P deficiency. Furthermore, despite lipid remodeling, photosynthetic activity remained stable, as indicated by comparable chlorophyll fluorescence and Fv/Fm ratios among cultural treatments. These findings suggested that Microcystis sp. may dominate in P-limited environments by substituting glycolipids and sulfolipids for phospholipids to reduce P demand without compromising the photosynthetic activity. This effective strategy in response to P deficiency meant a stricter P reduction threshold is needed in terms of Microcystis bloom control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghan Liu
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Lingling Wan
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China
| | - Dong Bai
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Chunlei Song
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Yiyong Zhou
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China
| | - Hong Shen
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China; Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, institute of hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PR China
| | - Xiuyun Cao
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 7# Donghu South Road, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
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Solovchenko A, Plouviez M, Khozin-Goldberg I. Getting Grip on Phosphorus: Potential of Microalgae as a Vehicle for Sustainable Usage of This Macronutrient. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1834. [PMID: 38999674 PMCID: PMC11243885 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an important and irreplaceable macronutrient. It is central to energy and information storage and exchange in living cells. P is an element with a "broken geochemical cycle" since it lacks abundant volatile compounds capable of closing the P cycle. P fertilizers are critical for global food security, but the reserves of minable P are scarce and non-evenly distributed between countries of the world. Accordingly, the risks of global crisis due to limited access to P reserves are expected to be graver than those entailed by competition for fossil hydrocarbons. Paradoxically, despite the scarcity and value of P reserves, its usage is extremely inefficient: the current waste rate reaches 80% giving rise to a plethora of unwanted consequences such as eutrophication leading to harmful algal blooms. Microalgal biotechnology is a promising solution to tackle this challenge. The proposed review briefly presents the relevant aspects of microalgal P metabolism such as cell P reserve composition and turnover, and the regulation of P uptake kinetics for maximization of P uptake efficiency with a focus on novel knowledge. The multifaceted role of polyPhosphates, the largest cell depot for P, is discussed with emphasis on the P toxicity mediated by short-chain polyPhosphates. Opportunities and hurdles of P bioremoval via P uptake from waste streams with microalgal cultures, either suspended or immobilized, are discussed. Possible avenues of P-rich microalgal biomass such as biofertilizer production or extraction of valuable polyPhosphates and other bioproducts are considered. The review concludes with a comprehensive assessment of the current potential of microalgal biotechnology for ensuring the sustainable usage of phosphorus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Solovchenko
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Inna Khozin-Goldberg
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion 8499000, Israel
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3
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Joli N, Concia L, Mocaer K, Guterman J, Laude J, Guerin S, Sciandra T, Bruyant F, Ait-Mohamed O, Beguin M, Forget MH, Bourbousse C, Lacour T, Bailleul B, Nef C, Savoie M, Tremblay JE, Campbell DA, Lavaud J, Schwab Y, Babin M, Bowler C. Hypometabolism to survive the long polar night and subsequent successful return to light in the diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2193-2208. [PMID: 38095198 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Diatoms, the main eukaryotic phytoplankton of the polar marine regions, are essential for the maintenance of food chains specific to Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems, and are experiencing major disturbances under current climate change. As such, it is fundamental to understand the physiological mechanisms and associated molecular basis of their endurance during the long polar night. Here, using the polar diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus, we report an integrative analysis combining transcriptomic, microscopic and biochemical approaches to shed light on the strategies used to survive the polar night. We reveal that in prolonged darkness, diatom cells enter a state of quiescence with reduced metabolic and transcriptional activity, during which no cell division occurs. We propose that minimal energy is provided by respiration and degradation of protein, carbohydrate and lipid stores and that homeostasis is maintained by autophagy in prolonged darkness. We also report internal structural changes that manifest the morphological acclimation of cells to darkness, including the appearance of a large vacuole. Our results further show that immediately following a return to light, diatom cells are able to use photoprotective mechanisms and rapidly resume photosynthesis, demonstrating the remarkable robustness of polar diatoms to prolonged darkness at low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Joli
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Concia
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Karel Mocaer
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) & Collaboration for Joint PhD Degree between the European Molecular Biology Laboratory and the Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julie Guterman
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Juliette Laude
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Sebastien Guerin
- Takuvik International Research Laboratory, Université Laval (Canada) & CNRS (France), Département de Biologie and Québec-Océan, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Theo Sciandra
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005, Paris, France
- Takuvik International Research Laboratory, Université Laval (Canada) & CNRS (France), Département de Biologie and Québec-Océan, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Flavienne Bruyant
- Takuvik International Research Laboratory, Université Laval (Canada) & CNRS (France), Département de Biologie and Québec-Océan, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ouardia Ait-Mohamed
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Marine Beguin
- Takuvik International Research Laboratory, Université Laval (Canada) & CNRS (France), Département de Biologie and Québec-Océan, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marie-Helene Forget
- Takuvik International Research Laboratory, Université Laval (Canada) & CNRS (France), Département de Biologie and Québec-Océan, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Clara Bourbousse
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Lacour
- Laboratoire PHYSiologie des micro ALGues (PDG-ODE-PHYTOX-PHYSALG), Centre Atlantique, 44 311, Nantes, France
| | - Benjamin Bailleul
- Laboratory of Chloroplast Biology and Light Sensing in Microalgae, Institut de Biologie Physico Chimique, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Charlotte Nef
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Mireille Savoie
- Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | | | - Johann Lavaud
- Takuvik International Research Laboratory, Université Laval (Canada) & CNRS (France), Département de Biologie and Québec-Océan, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- UMR 6539 LEMAR-Laboratory of Environmental Marine Sciences, CNRS/Univ Brest/Ifremer/IRD, IUEM-Institut Européen de la Mer, Technopôle Brest-Iroise, rue Dumont d'Urville, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Yannick Schwab
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit and Electron Microscopy Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marcel Babin
- Takuvik International Research Laboratory, Université Laval (Canada) & CNRS (France), Département de Biologie and Québec-Océan, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Chris Bowler
- Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, PSL Université Paris, 75005, Paris, France
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4
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Li DW, Tan JZ, Li ZF, Ou LJ. Membrane lipid remodeling and autophagy to cope with phosphorus deficiency in the dinoflagellate Prorocentrum shikokuense. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140844. [PMID: 38042419 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Dinoflagellates, which are responsible for more than 80% of harmful algal blooms in coastal waters, are competitive in low-phosphate environments. However, the specific acclimated phosphorus strategies to adapt to phosphorus deficiency in dinoflagellates, particularly through intracellular phosphorus metabolism, remain largely unknown. Comprehensive physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic analyses were conducted to investigate intracellular phosphorus modulation in a model dinoflagellate, Prorocentrum shikokuense, with a specific focus on membrane lipid remodeling and autophagy in response to phosphorus deficiency. Under phosphorus deficiency, P. shikokuense exhibited a preference to spare phospholipids with nonphospholipids. The major phospholipid classes of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine decreased in content, whereas the betaine lipid class of diacylglyceryl carboxyhydroxymethylcholine increased in content. Furthermore, under phosphorus deficiency, P. shikokuense induced autophagy as a mechanism to conserve and recycle cellular phosphorus resources. The present study highlights the effective modulation of intracellular phosphorus in P. shikokuense through membrane phospholipid remodeling and autophagy and contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the acclimation strategies to low-phosphorus conditions in dinoflagellates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Wei Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Tan
- College of Life Science and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo-Fan Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Jian Ou
- College of Life Science and Technology, and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China.
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5
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Huang XL, Zhuang YQ, Xiong YY, Li DW, Ou LJ. Efficient modulation of cellular phosphorus components in response to phosphorus deficiency in the dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0086723. [PMID: 37850723 PMCID: PMC10686090 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00867-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Dinoflagellates are the most common phytoplankton group and account for more than 75% of harmful algal blooms in coastal waters. In recent decades, dinoflagellates seem to prevail in phosphate-depleted waters. However, the underlying acclimation mechanisms and competitive strategies of dinoflagellates in response to phosphorus deficiency are poorly understood, especially in terms of intracellular phosphorus modulation and recycling. Here, we focused on the response of intracellular phosphorus metabolism to phosphorus deficiency in the model dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi. Our work reveals the strong capability of K. mikimotoi to efficiently regulate intracellular phosphorus resources, particularly through membrane phospholipid remodeling and miRNA regulation of energy metabolism. Our research improved the understanding of intracellular phosphorus metabolism in marine phytoplankton and underscored the advantageous strategies of dinoflagellates in the efficient modulation of internal phosphorus resources to maintain active physiological activity and growth under unsuitable phosphorus conditions, which help them outcompete other species in coastal phosphate-depleted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ling Huang
- College of Life Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Qing Zhuang
- College of Life Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Yue Xiong
- College of Life Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wei Li
- College of Life Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Jian Ou
- College of Life Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
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6
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Jin WY, Chen XW, Tan JZ, Lin X, Ou LJ. Variation in intracellular polyphosphate and associated gene expression in response to different phosphorus conditions in the dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi. HARMFUL ALGAE 2023; 129:102532. [PMID: 37951614 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2023.102532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Polyphosphate (polyP) has long been recognized as a crucial intracellular reservoir for phosphorus in microorganisms. However, the dynamics of polyP and its regulatory mechanism in eukaryotic phytoplankton in response to variations in external phosphorus conditions remain poorly understood. A comprehensive investigation was conducted to examine the intracellular polyP-associated metabolic response of the dinoflagellate Karenia mikimotoi, a harmful algal bloom species, through integrated physiological, biochemical, and transcriptional analyses under varying external phosphorus conditions. Comparable growth curves and Fv/Fm between phosphorus-replete conditions and phosphorus-depleted conditions suggested that K. mikimotoi has a strong capability to mobilize the intracellular phosphorus pool for growth under phosphorus deficiency. Intracellular phosphate (IPi) and polyP contributed approximately 6-23 % and 1-3 %, respectively, to the overall particulate phosphorus (PP) content under different phosphorus conditions. The significant decrease in PP and increase in polyP:PP suggested that cellular phosphorus components other than polyP are preferred for utilization under phosphorus deficiency. Genes involved in polyP synthesis and hydrolysis were upregulated to maintain phosphorus homeostasis in K. mikimotoi. These findings provide novel insights into the specific cellular strategies for phosphorus storage and the transcriptional response in intracellular polyP metabolism in K. mikimotoi. Additionally, these results also indicate that polyP may not play a crucial role in cellular phosphorus storage in phytoplankton, at least in dinoflagellates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Jin
- Research Center of Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China; Wenzhou Marine Center, Ministry of Natural Resources, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Wu Chen
- Research Center of Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
| | - Jin-Zhou Tan
- Research Center of Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China
| | - Xin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Lin-Jian Ou
- Research Center of Harmful Algae and Marine Biology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, China.
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7
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Li J, Zhang K, Li L, Wang Y, Wang C, Lin S. Two-sided effects of the organic phosphorus phytate on a globally important marine coccolithophorid phytoplankton. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0125523. [PMID: 37702480 PMCID: PMC10655706 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01255-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) is a potential source of aquatic eutrophication and pollution because it can potentially stimulate growth in some species and inhibit growth in other species of algae, the foundation of the marine ecosystem. Inositol hexaphosphate (also named phytic acid or PA), an abundant organophosphate, is presumably ubiquitous in the marine environment, but how it affects marine primary producers is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the bioavailability of this DOP to the cosmopolitan coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi. Our results showed that E. huxleyi cells can take up PA and dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) simultaneously. Absorbed PA can efficiently support algal growth, producing cell yield between DIP and phosphorus (P)-depleted conditions. Accordingly, PA supply as the sole P source highly influences cellular metabolism and nutrient stoichiometry. Particularly, PA-grown cultures exhibited enhanced carbon fixation, increased lipid content, activated energy metabolism, and induced nitrogen assimilation. However, our data suggest that PA may also exert some levels of toxic effects on E. huxleyi. This study provides novel insights into the variable effects of a DOP on marine phytoplankton, which will inform new inquiries about how the complex DOP constituencies in the ocean will shape phytoplankton community structure and function. IMPORTANCE The dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) utilization in phytoplankton plays vital roles in cellular P homeostasis, P-nutrient niche, and the dynamics of community structure in marine ecosystems, but its mechanisms, potentially varying with species, are far from clear. In this study, we investigated the utilization of a widespread DOP species, which is commonly produced by plants (land plants and marine macrophytes) and released into coastal areas, in a globally distributed bloom-forming coccolithophore species in various phosphorus environments. Using a combination of physiological and transcriptomic measurements and analyses, our experimental results revealed the complex mechanism and two-sided effects of DOP (major algal growth-supporting and minor toxic effects) in this species, providing a novel perspective on phytoplankton nutrient regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashun Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Kaidian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Cong Wang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Senjie Lin
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Urban Sea Ecological Conservation and Restoration, State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, and College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
- Laboratory of Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory of Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, Connecticut, USA
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Westermann LM, Lidbury ID, Li CY, Wang N, Murphy AR, Aguilo Ferretjans MDM, Quareshy M, Shanmugan M, Torcello-Requena A, Silvano E, Zhang YZ, Blindauer CA, Chen Y, Scanlan DJ. Bacterial catabolism of membrane phospholipids links marine biogeochemical cycles. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf5122. [PMID: 37126561 PMCID: PMC10132767 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf5122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In marine systems, the availability of inorganic phosphate can limit primary production leading to bacterial and phytoplankton utilization of the plethora of organic forms available. Among these are phospholipids that form the lipid bilayer of all cells as well as released extracellular vesicles. However, information on phospholipid degradation is almost nonexistent despite their relevance for biogeochemical cycling. Here, we identify complete catabolic pathways for the degradation of the common phospholipid headgroups phosphocholine (PC) and phosphorylethanolamine (PE) in marine bacteria. Using Phaeobacter sp. MED193 as a model, we provide genetic and biochemical evidence that extracellular hydrolysis of phospholipids liberates the nitrogen-containing substrates ethanolamine and choline. Transporters for ethanolamine (EtoX) and choline (BetT) are ubiquitous and highly expressed in the global ocean throughout the water column, highlighting the importance of phospholipid and especially PE catabolism in situ. Thus, catabolic activation of the ethanolamine and choline degradation pathways, subsequent to phospholipid metabolism, specifically links, and hence unites, the phosphorus, nitrogen, and carbon cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda M. Westermann
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Ian D. E. A. Lidbury
- Molecular Microbiology: Biochemistry to Disease, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Chun-Yang Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Ning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Andrew R. J. Murphy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | | | - Mussa Quareshy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Muralidharan Shanmugan
- Department of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | | | - Eleonora Silvano
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Yin Chen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - David J. Scanlan
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
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9
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Honda S, Yamazaki Y, Mukada T, Cheng W, Chuba M, Okazaki Y, Saito K, Oikawa A, Maruyama H, Wasaki J, Wagatsuma T, Tawaraya K. Lipidome Profiling of Phosphorus Deficiency-Tolerant Rice Cultivars Reveals Remodeling of Membrane Lipids as a Mechanism of Low P Tolerance. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1365. [PMID: 36987053 PMCID: PMC10057753 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved various mechanisms for low P tolerance, one of which is changing their membrane lipid composition by remodeling phospholipids with non-phospholipids. The objective of this study was to investigate the remodeling of membrane lipids among rice cultivars under P deficiency. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars (Akamai, Kiyonishiki, Akitakomachi, Norin No. 1, Hiyadateine, Koshihikari, and Netaro) were grown in 0 (-P) and 8 (+P) mg P L-1 solution cultures. Shoots and roots were collected 5 and 10 days after transplanting (DAT) in solution culture and subjected to lipidome profiling using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Phosphatidylcholine (PC)34, PC36, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE)34, PE36, phosphatidylglycerol (PG)34, phosphatidylinositol (PI)34 were the major phospholipids and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG)34, DGDG36, 1,2-diacyl-3-O-alpha-glucuronosylglycerol (GlcADG)34, GlcADG36, monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG)34, MGDG36, sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG)34 and SQDG36 were the major non-phospholipids. Phospholipids were lower in the plants that were grown under -P conditions than that in the plants that were grown under +P for all cultivars at 5 and 10 DAT. The levels of non-phospholipids were higher in -P plants than that in +P plants of all cultivars at 5 and 10 DAT. Decomposition of phospholipids in roots at 5 DAT correlated with low P tolerance. These results suggest that rice cultivars remodel membrane lipids under P deficiency, and the ability of remodeling partly contributes to low P tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Honda
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yamazaki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan
| | - Takumi Mukada
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan
| | - Weiguo Cheng
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan
| | - Masaru Chuba
- Yamagata Integrated Agricultural Research Center, Tsuruoka 997-7601, Japan
| | - Yozo Okazaki
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kazuki Saito
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Akira Oikawa
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Hayato Maruyama
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Jun Wasaki
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan
| | - Tadao Wagatsuma
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan
| | - Keitaro Tawaraya
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka 997-8555, Japan
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10
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Wang Y, Wang D, Zhao W, Liu H, Li L, Bai J. Inhibitory effect and mechanism of a compound essential oils on Cladophora glomerata. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 188:114668. [PMID: 36736262 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cladophora glomerata (C. glomerata) is a typical macroalgae inducing green tide and affecting economic benefits in aquaculture. A high-efficiency, environment friendly compound essential oils (CEOs) was provided to control C. glomerata blooms. The inhibition effect of CEOs against C. glomerata was assessed through the growth, cellular morphology and the physiological and biochemical indexes of C. glomerata. Results of the Chl-a content indicated that 300 μL/L CEOs could significantly inhibited the growth (85 % ± 2 %) of C. glomerata on the 11th day; the damage degree of algal thallus can be observed based on the results of cell morphology; the results of the physiological and biochemical indicators presented the decreased photosynthetic capacity, the dysfunction of antioxidant system and the algal apoptosis gene caspase- 8, 9, 3 activated when C. glomerata exposed to CEOs. This study elucidated the effect and mechanism of CEOs control the green tide induced by C. glomerata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Dengyu Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Wenxi Zhao
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, National Oceanographic Center, Qingdao, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Hongjun Liu
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, National Oceanographic Center, Qingdao, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Li Li
- Marine Science Research Institute of Shandong Province, National Oceanographic Center, Qingdao, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Jie Bai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
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11
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Transcriptomic-Guided Phosphonate Utilization Analysis Unveils Evidence of Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis and Phospholipid Synthesis in the Model Diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum. mSystems 2022; 7:e0056322. [PMID: 36317887 PMCID: PMC9765203 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00563-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphonates are important components of marine organic phosphorus, but their bioavailability and catabolism by eukaryotic phytoplankton remain enigmatic. Here, diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum was used to investigate the bioavailability of phosphonates and describe the underlying molecular mechanism. The results showed that 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid (2-AEP) can be utilized as an alternative phosphorus source. Comparative transcriptomics revealed that the utilization of 2-AEP comprised 2 steps, including molecular uptake through clathrin-mediated endocytosis and incorporation into the membrane phospholipids in the form of diacylglyceryl-2-AEP (DAG-2-AEP). In the global ocean, we found the prevalence and dynamic expression pattern of key genes that are responsible for vesicle formation (CLTC, AP-2) and DAG-AEP synthesis (PCYT2, EPT1) in diatom assemblages. This study elucidates a distinctive mechanism of phosphonate utilization by diatoms, and discusses the ecological implications. IMPORTANCE Phosphonates contribute ~25% of total dissolved organic phosphorus in the ocean, and are found to be important for marine phosphorus biogeochemical cycle. As a type of biogenic phosphonate produced by microorganisms, 2-aminoethylphosphonic acid (2-AEP) widely exists in the ocean. It is well known that 2-AEP can be cleaved and utilized by prokaryotes, but its ability to support the growth of eukaryotic phytoplankton remains unclear. Our research identified the bioavailability of 2-AEP for the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, and proposed a distinctive metabolic pathway of 2-AEP utilization. Different from the enzymatic hydrolysis of phosphonates, the results suggested that P. tricornutum utilizes 2-AEP by incorporating it into phospholipid instead of cleaving the C-P bond. Moreover, the ubiquitous distribution of associated representative gene transcripts in the environmental assemblages and the higher gene transcript abundance in the cold regions were observed, which suggests the possible environmental adaption of 2-AEP utilization by diatoms.
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12
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Nitschke MR, Rosset SL, Oakley CA, Gardner SG, Camp EF, Suggett DJ, Davy SK. The diversity and ecology of Symbiodiniaceae: A traits-based review. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2022; 92:55-127. [PMID: 36208879 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2022.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Among the most successful microeukaryotes to form mutualisms with animals are dinoflagellates in the family Symbiodiniaceae. These photosynthetic symbioses drive significant primary production and are responsible for the formation of coral reef ecosystems but are particularly sensitive when environmental conditions become extreme. Annual episodes of widespread coral bleaching (disassociation of the mutualistic partnership) and mortality are forecasted from the year 2060 under current trends of ocean warming. However, host cnidarians and dinoflagellate symbionts display exceptional genetic and functional diversity, and meaningful predictions of the future that embrace this biological complexity are difficult to make. A recent move to trait-based biology (and an understanding of how traits are shaped by the environment) has been adopted to move past this problem. The aim of this review is to: (1) provide an overview of the major cnidarian lineages that are symbiotic with Symbiodiniaceae; (2) summarise the symbiodiniacean genera associated with cnidarians with reference to recent changes in taxonomy and systematics; (3) examine the knowledge gaps in Symbiodiniaceae life history from a trait-based perspective; (4) review Symbiodiniaceae trait variation along three abiotic gradients (light, nutrients, and temperature); and (5) provide recommendations for future research of Symbiodiniaceae traits. We anticipate that a detailed understanding of traits will further reveal basic knowledge of the evolution and functional diversity of these mutualisms, as well as enhance future efforts to model stability and change in ecosystems dependent on cnidarian-dinoflagellate organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Nitschke
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand; Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia.
| | - Sabrina L Rosset
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Clinton A Oakley
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Stephanie G Gardner
- Center for Marine Science and Innovation, University of New South Wales Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Emma F Camp
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - David J Suggett
- Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, Australia
| | - Simon K Davy
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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13
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Wang C, Sun X, Wang J, Tang JM, Gu Y, Lin S. Physiological and metabolic effects of glyphosate as the sole P source on a cosmopolitan phytoplankter and biogeochemical implications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155094. [PMID: 35398121 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient conditions influence the physiology and stoichiometry of marine phytoplankton. While extensive studies have documented the effects of abundances and types of nutrients such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), the effect of phosphonates as a P source is less understood and underexplored. Here, with the cosmopolitan coccolithophorid Emiliania huxleyi as a model phytoplankter, we investigated the effect of the phosphonate type of herbicide glyphosate as the sole P source in comparison with the P-depleted and P-replete (with 36 μM dissolved inorganic phosphate [DIP]) cultures. We measured changes in cellular C (carbon):P and N:P ratios and physiological performance and documented the corresponding transcriptomic and miRNAomic responses in E. huxleyi to glyphosate treatment. We found that glyphosate supported population growth but not to the full scale relative to DIP, and this was under the concerted regulation of DNA replication and cell cycle arrest genes as well as the growth-regulating miRNA. Furthermore, our data suggest that E. huxleyi took up glyphosate directly, bypassing extracellular hydrolysis, and this involved ABC transporters. Meanwhile, glyphosate-grown cultures displayed marked increases in cellular particulate organic C (POC) and PON contents, cell size, and transcription of genes for CO2 fixation and citrate cycle, nitrate transport, and protein biosynthesis. However, compared to DIP, the maximum absorption rate of glyphosate was only 33%, and glyphosate-grown E. huxleyi cells exhibited a mild P-stress symptom and elevated cellular C:P and N:P ratios. Interestingly, glyphosate-grown cells showed an increased sinking rate, suggesting that glyphosate as the sole P source might enhance the efficiency of C export by E. huxleyi, which would compensate for the expected decline in primary productivity (and hence carbon efflux) in the future more nutrient-depleted ocean. This biogeochemical implication needs to be further studied and verified, however.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Xueqiong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jingtian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Jin-Ming Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Yifan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Senjie Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China; Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut, Groton, CT, United States of America.
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14
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Magen S, Seybold H, Laloum D, Avin-Wittenberg T. Metabolism and autophagy in plants - A perfect match. FEBS Lett 2022; 596:2133-2151. [PMID: 35470431 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a eukaryotic cellular transport mechanism that delivers intracellular macromolecules, proteins, and even organelles to a lytic organelle (vacuole in yeast and plants/lysosome in animals) for degradation and nutrient recycling. The process is mediated by highly conserved Autophagy-Related (ATG) proteins. In plants, autophagy maintains cellular homeostasis under favorable conditions, guaranteeing normal plant growth and fitness. Severe stress such as nutrient starvation and plant senescence further induce it, thus ensuring plant survival under unfavorable conditions by providing nutrients through the removal of damaged or aged proteins, or organelles. In this article, we examine the interplay between metabolism and autophagy, focusing on the different aspects of this reciprocal relationship. We show that autophagy has a strong influence on a range of metabolic processes, whereas, at the same time, even single metabolites can activate autophagy. We highlight the involvement of ATG genes in metabolism, examine the role of the macronutrients carbon and nitrogen, as well as various micronutrients, and take a closer look at how the interaction between autophagy and metabolism impacts on plant phenotypes and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Magen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Heike Seybold
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daniel Laloum
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tamar Avin-Wittenberg
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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15
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Ji H, Yu Z, He L, Zhu J, Cao X, Song X. Programmed cell death induced by modified clay in controlling Prorocentrum donghaiense bloom. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 109:123-134. [PMID: 34607661 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Modified clay (MC), an effective material used for the emergency elimination of algal blooms, can rapidly reduce the biomass of harmful algal blooms (HABs) via flocculation. After that, MC can still control bloom population through indirect effects such as oxidative stress, which was initially proposed to be related to programmed cell death (PCD) at molecular level. To further study the MC induced cell death in residual bloom organisms, especially identifying PCD process, we studied the physiological state of the residual Prorocentrum donghaiense. The experimental results showed that flocculation changed the physiological state of the residual cells, as evidenced by growth inhibition and increased reactive oxygen species production. Moreover, this research provides biochemical and ultrastructural evidence showing that MC induces PCD in P. donghaiense. Nuclear changes were observed, and increased caspase-like activity, externalization of phosphatidylserine and DNA fragmentation were detected in MC-treated groups and quantified. And the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway was activated in both MC-treated groups. Besides, the features of MC-induced PCD in a unicellular organism were summarized and its concentration dependent manner was proved. All our preliminary results elucidate the mechanism through which MC can further control HABs by inducing PCD and suggest a promising application of PCD in bloom control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hena Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhiming Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Liyan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jianan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xihua Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xiuxian Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
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16
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Barón-Sola Á, Toledo-Basantes M, Arana-Gandía M, Martínez F, Ortega-Villasante C, Dučić T, Yousef I, Hernández LE. Synchrotron Radiation-Fourier Transformed Infrared microspectroscopy (μSR-FTIR) reveals multiple metabolism alterations in microalgae induced by cadmium and mercury. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126502. [PMID: 34214848 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Toxic metals such as cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) represent a threat to photosynthetic organisms of polluted aquatic ecosystems, and knowledge about mechanisms of toxicity is essential for appropriate assessment of environmental risks. We used Synchrotron Radiation-Fourier Transformed Infrared microspectroscopy (μSR-FTIR) to characterise major changes of biomolecules caused by Cd and Hg in the model green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. μSR-FTIR showed several metabolic alterations in different biochemical groups such as carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids in a time-dose dependent manner, with the strongest changes occurring at concentrations above 10 μM Cd and 15 μM Hg after short-term (24 h) treatments. This occurred in a context where metals triggered intracellular oxidative stress and chloroplast damage, along with autophagy induction by overexpressing AUTOPHAGY-RELATED PROTEIN 8 (ATG8). Thin layer chromatography analysis confirmed that toxic metals promoted remarkable changes in lipid profile, with higher degree of esterified fatty acid unsaturation as detected by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Under Cd stress, there was specifically higher unsaturation of free fatty acids, while Hg led to stronger unsaturation in monogalactosyldiacylglycerol. μSR-FTIR spectroscopy proved as a valuable tool to identify biochemical alterations in microalgae, information that could be exploited to optimise approaches for metal decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Barón-Sola
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology/Research Centre for Biodiversity and Global Change, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Margarita Toledo-Basantes
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology/Research Centre for Biodiversity and Global Change, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Arana-Gandía
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology/Research Centre for Biodiversity and Global Change, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Flor Martínez
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology/Research Centre for Biodiversity and Global Change, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristina Ortega-Villasante
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology/Research Centre for Biodiversity and Global Change, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tanja Dučić
- CELLS ALBA, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ibraheem Yousef
- CELLS ALBA, Carrer de la Llum 2-26, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luis E Hernández
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology-Department of Biology/Research Centre for Biodiversity and Global Change, Universidad Autónoma Madrid, Darwin 2, ES28049 Madrid, Spain.
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17
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Bi R, Cao Z, Ismar-Rebitz SMH, Sommer U, Zhang H, Ding Y, Zhao M. Responses of Marine Diatom-Dinoflagellate Competition to Multiple Environmental Drivers: Abundance, Elemental, and Biochemical Aspects. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:731786. [PMID: 34526982 PMCID: PMC8435848 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.731786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocean-related global change has strongly affected the competition between key marine phytoplankton groups, such as diatoms and dinoflagellates, especially with the deleterious consequency of the increasing occurrence of harmful algal blooms. The dominance of diatoms generally shifts toward that of dinoflagellates in response to increasing temperature and reduced nutrient availability; however, contradictory findings have also been observed in certain sea areas. A key challenge in ecology and biogeochemistry is to quantitatively determine the effects of multiple environmental factors on the diatom-dinoflagellate community and the related changes in elemental and biochemical composition. Here, we test the interplay between temperature, nutrient concentrations and their ratios on marine diatom-dinoflagellate competition and chemical composition using bi-algal competition experiments. The ubiquitous diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and dinoflagellate Prorocentrum minimum were cultivated semi-continuously, provided with different N and P concentrations (three different levels) and ratios (10:1, 24:1, and 63:1 molar ratios) under three temperatures (12, 18, and 24°C). The responses of diatom-dinoflagellate competition were analyzed by a Lotka-Volterra model and quantified by generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) and generalized additive models (GAMs). The changes in nutrient concentrations significantly affected diatom-dinoflagellate competition, causing a competitive superiority of the diatoms at high nutrient concentrations, independent of temperature and N:P supply ratios. Interestingly, the effect amplitude of nutrient concentrations varied with different temperatures, showing a switch back toward a competitive superiority of the dinoflagellates at the highest temperature and at very high nutrient concentrations. The ratios of particulate organic nitrogen to phosphorus showed significant negative correlations with increasing diatoms/dinoflagellates ratios, while lipid biomarkers (fatty acids and sterols) correlated positively with increasing diatoms/dinoflagellates ratios over the entire ranges of temperature, N and P concentrations and N:P ratios. Our results indicate that the integration of phytoplankton community structure and chemical composition provides an important step forward to quantitatively understand and predict how phytoplankton community changes affect ecosystem functions and biogeochemical cycles in the ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Bi
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhong Cao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | | | - Ulrich Sommer
- Marine Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Ding
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Meixun Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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18
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Xu Z, Li Y, Li M, Liu H. Transcriptomic response of Daphnia magna to nitrogen- or phosphorus-limited diet. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:11009-11019. [PMID: 34429898 PMCID: PMC8366849 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of nutrient-imbalanced diet on the growth and fitness of zooplankton were widely reported as key issues to aquatic ecology. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms driving the physiological changes of zooplankton under nutrient stress.In this study, we investigated the physiological fitness and transcriptomic response of Daphnia magna when exposed to nitrogen (N)-limited or phosphorus (P)-limited algal diet (Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) compared to regular algae (N and P saturated).D. magna showed higher ingestion rates and overexpression of genes encoding digestive enzymes when fed with either N-limited or P-limited algae, reflecting the compensatory feeding. Under P-limitation, both growth rate and reproduction rate of D. magna were greatly reduced, which could be attributed to the downregulated genes within the pathways of cell cycle and DNA replication. Growth rate of D. magna under N-limitation was similar to normal group, which could be explained by the high methylation level (by degradation of methionine) supporting the body development.Phenotypic changes of D. magna under nutrient stress were explained by gene and pathway regulations from transcriptome data. Generally, D. magna invested more on growth under N-limitation but kept maintenance (e.g., cell structure and defense to external stress) in priority under P-limitation. Post-translational modifications (e.g., methylation and protein folding) were important for D. magna to deal with nutrient constrains.This study reveals the fundamental mechanisms of zooplankton in dealing with elemental imbalanced diet and sheds light on the transfer of energy and nutrient in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimeng Xu
- SZU‐HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental ScienceShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- Department of Ocean ScienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonChina
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome EngineeringInstitute for Advanced StudyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Yingdong Li
- Department of Ocean ScienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonChina
| | - Meng Li
- SZU‐HKUST Joint PhD Program in Marine Environmental ScienceShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome EngineeringInstitute for Advanced StudyShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Department of Ocean ScienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyKowloonChina
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou)GuangzhouChina
- Hong Kong Branch of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong LaboratoryThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHong KongChina
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Influence of Extremely Low Temperatures of the Pole of Cold on the Lipid and Fatty-Acid Composition of Aerial Parts of the Horsetail Family (Equisetaceae). PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050996. [PMID: 34067613 PMCID: PMC8156520 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The lipid composition of two species of vascular plants, Equisetum variegatum Schleich. ex. Web. and E. scirpoides Michx., growing in the permafrost zone (Northeastern Yakutia, the Pole of Cold of the Northern Hemisphere), with average daily air temperatures in summer of +17.8 °C, in autumn of +0.6 °C, and in winter of −46.7 °C, was comparatively studied. The most significant seasonal trend of lipid composition was an accumulation of PA in both horsetail species in the autumn–winter period. Cold acclimation in autumn was accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of bilayer-forming lipids (phosphatidylcholine in the non-photosynthetic membranes and MGDG in photosynthetic membranes), an increase in the desaturation degree due to the accumulation of triene fatty acids (E. scirpoides), and an accumulation of betaine lipids O-(1,2-diacylglycero)-N,N,N-trimethylhomoserine (DGTS). The inverse changes in some parameters were registered in the winter period, including an increase in the proportion of “bilayer” lipids and decrease in the unsaturation degree. According to the data obtained, it can be concluded that high levels of accumulation of membrane lipids and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs), as well as the presence of Δ5 FAs in lipids, are apparently features of cold hardening of perennial herbaceous plants in the cryolithozone.
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20
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Bacterial Quorum-Sensing Signal Arrests Phytoplankton Cell Division and Impacts Virus-Induced Mortality. mSphere 2021; 6:6/3/e00009-21. [PMID: 33980670 PMCID: PMC8125044 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00009-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria and phytoplankton form close associations in the ocean that are driven by the exchange of chemical compounds. The bacterial signal 2-heptyl-4-quinolone (HHQ) slows phytoplankton growth; however, the mechanism responsible remains unknown. Interactions between phytoplankton and heterotrophic bacteria fundamentally shape marine ecosystems by controlling primary production, structuring marine food webs, mediating carbon export, and influencing global climate. Phytoplankton-bacterium interactions are facilitated by secreted compounds; however, linking these chemical signals, their mechanisms of action, and their resultant ecological consequences remains a fundamental challenge. The bacterial quorum-sensing signal 2-heptyl-4-quinolone (HHQ) induces immediate, yet reversible, cellular stasis (no cell division or mortality) in the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi; however, the mechanism responsible remains unknown. Using transcriptomic and proteomic approaches in combination with diagnostic biochemical and fluorescent cell-based assays, we show that HHQ exposure leads to prolonged S-phase arrest in phytoplankton coincident with the accumulation of DNA damage and a lack of repair despite the induction of the DNA damage response (DDR). While this effect is reversible, HHQ-exposed phytoplankton were also protected from viral mortality, ascribing a new role of quorum-sensing signals in regulating multitrophic interactions. Furthermore, our data demonstrate that in situ measurements of HHQ coincide with areas of enhanced micro- and nanoplankton biomass. Our results suggest bacterial communication signals as emerging players that may be one of the contributing factors that help structure complex microbial communities throughout the ocean. IMPORTANCE Bacteria and phytoplankton form close associations in the ocean that are driven by the exchange of chemical compounds. The bacterial signal 2-heptyl-4-quinolone (HHQ) slows phytoplankton growth; however, the mechanism responsible remains unknown. Here, we show that HHQ exposure leads to the accumulation of DNA damage in phytoplankton and prevents its repair. While this effect is reversible, HHQ-exposed phytoplankton are also relieved of viral mortality, elevating the ecological consequences of this complex interaction. Further results indicate that HHQ may target phytoplankton proteins involved in nucleotide biosynthesis and DNA repair, both of which are crucial targets for viral success. Our results support microbial cues as emerging players in marine ecosystems, providing a new mechanistic framework for how bacterial communication signals mediate interspecies and interkingdom behaviors.
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21
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Lopes D, Melo T, Rey F, Costa E, Moreira AS, Abreu MH, Domingues P, Lillebø AI, Calado R, Rosário Domingues M. Insights of species-specific polar lipidome signatures of seaweeds fostering their valorization in the blue bioeconomy. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Peled-Zehavi H, Gal A. Exploring Intracellular Ion Pools in Coccolithophores Using Live-Cell Imaging. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2021; 5:e2000296. [PMID: 33852773 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202000296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Some microorganisms, such as coccolithophores, produce an intricate exoskeleton made of inorganic solids. Coccoliths, the calcium carbonate scales of coccolithophores, are examples of the precise bioproduction of such complex 3D structures. However, the understanding of the cellular mechanisms that control mineral formation inside the cell, specifically the ability of these microalgae to transport high fluxes of inorganic building blocks, is still limited. Recently, using cryo-electron and X-ray microscopy, several intracellular compartments are shown to store high concentrations of calcium and phosphorous and are suggested to have a dominant role in the intracellular mineralization pathway. Here, live-cell confocal microscopy and fluorescent markers are used to examine the dynamics of ion stores in coccolithophores. Using calcein and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) as fluorescent proxies for calcium and polyphosphates, the experiments reveal an unexpected plethora of organelles with distinct fluorescent signatures over a wide range of strains and conditions. Surprisingly, the fluorescent labeling does not show changes along the calcification process and is similar between calcifying and noncalcifying cells, suggesting that these ion pools may not be a dynamic avenue for calcium transport. In such a case, the enigma behind the ability of coccolithophores to sustain intracellular calcification still awaits comprehensive elucidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadas Peled-Zehavi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Assaf Gal
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
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23
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Rees TAV, Raven JA. The maximum growth rate hypothesis is correct for eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms, but not cyanobacteria. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:601-611. [PMID: 33449358 PMCID: PMC8048539 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The (maximum) growth rate (µmax ) hypothesis predicts that cellular and tissue phosphorus (P) concentrations should increase with increasing growth rate, and RNA should also increase as most of the P is required to make ribosomes. Using published data, we show that though there is a strong positive relationship between the µmax of all photosynthetic organisms and their P content (% dry weight), leading to a relatively constant P productivity, the relationship with RNA content is more complex. In eukaryotes there is a strong positive relationship between µmax and RNA content expressed as % dry weight, and RNA constitutes a relatively constant 25% of total P. In prokaryotes the rRNA operon copy number is the important determinant of the amount of RNA present in the cell. The amount of phospholipid expressed as % dry weight increases with increasing µmax in microalgae. The relative proportions of each of the five major P-containing constituents is remarkably constant, except that the proportion of RNA is greater and phospholipids smaller in prokaryotic than eukaryotic photosynthetic organisms. The effect of temperature differences between studies was minor. The evidence for and against P-containing constituents other than RNA being involved with ribosome synthesis and functioning is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. A. V. Rees
- Leigh Marine LaboratoryInstitute of Marine ScienceUniversity of AucklandAuckland1142New Zealand
| | - John A. Raven
- Division of Plant ScienceUniversity of Dundee at the James Hutton InstituteInvergowrie, Dundee,DD2 5DAUK
- Climate Change ClusterFaculty of ScienceUniversity of TechnologySydney, UltimoNSW2007Australia
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of Western AustraliaCrawleyWA6009Australia
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24
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Li Z, Li W, Zhang Y, Hu Y, Sheward R, Irwin AJ, Finkel ZV. Dynamic Photophysiological Stress Response of a Model Diatom to Ten Environmental Stresses. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:484-495. [PMID: 32945529 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Stressful environmental conditions can induce many different acclimation mechanisms in marine phytoplankton, resulting in a range of changes in their photophysiology. Here we characterize the common photophysiological stress response of the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana to ten environmental stressors and identify diagnostic responses to particular stressors. We quantify the magnitude and temporal trajectory of physiological parameters including the functional absorption cross-section of PSII (σPSII ), quantum efficiency of PSII, non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), cell volume, Chl a, and carotenoid (Car) content in response to nutrient starvation (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), silicon (Si), and iron (Fe)), changes in temperature, irradiance, pH, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) over 5 time points (0, 2, 6, 24, 72 h). We find changes in conditions: temperature, irradiance, and ROS, often result in the most rapid changes in photophysiological parameters (<2 h), and in some cases are followed by recovery. In contrast, nutrient starvation (N, P, Si, Fe) often has slower (6-72 h) but ultimately larger magnitude effects on many photophysiological parameters. Diagnostic changes include large increases in cell volume under Si-starvation, very large increases in NPQ under P-starvation, and large decreases in the σPSII under high light. The ultimate goal of this analysis is to facilitate and enhance the interpretation of fluorescence data and our understanding of phytoplankton photophysiology from laboratory and field studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengke Li
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford St, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Wei Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Huangshan University, Huangshan, 245041, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fujian, 350007, China
| | - Yingyu Hu
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford St, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Rosie Sheward
- Institute of Geosciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, 60438, Germany
| | - Andrew J Irwin
- Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford St, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Zoe V Finkel
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford St, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
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25
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Yoshitake Y, Nakamura S, Shinozaki D, Izumi M, Yoshimoto K, Ohta H, Shimojima M. RCB-mediated chlorophagy caused by oversupply of nitrogen suppresses phosphate-starvation stress in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:318-330. [PMID: 33721901 PMCID: PMC8133631 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) and nitrogen (N) are essential nutrients for plant growth. We found that a five-fold oversupply of nitrate rescues Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants from Pi-starvation stress. Analyses of transgenic plants that overexpressed GFP-AUTOPHAGY8 showed that an oversupply of nitrate induced autophagy flux under Pi-depleted conditions. Expression of DIN6 and DIN10, the carbon (C) starvation-responsive genes, was upregulated when nitrate was oversupplied under Pi starvation, which suggested that the plants recognized the oversupply of nitrate as C starvation stress because of the reduction in the C/N ratio. Indeed, formation of Rubisco-containing bodies (RCBs), which contain chloroplast stroma and are induced by C starvation, was enhanced when nitrate was oversupplied under Pi starvation. Moreover, autophagy-deficient mutants did not release Pi (unlike wild-type plants), exhibited no RCB accumulation inside vacuoles, and were hypersensitive to Pi starvation, indicating that RCB-mediated chlorophagy is involved in Pi starvation tolerance. Thus, our results showed that the Arabidopsis response to Pi starvation is closely linked with N and C availability and that autophagy is a key factor that controls plant growth under Pi starvation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yushi Yoshitake
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
- Department of Life Science, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Sakuya Nakamura
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daiki Shinozaki
- Department of Life Science, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
- Life Science Program, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Masanori Izumi
- Center for Sustainable Resource Science, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kohki Yoshimoto
- Department of Life Science, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
- Life Science Program, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohta
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Mie Shimojima
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
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26
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Huang B, Mimouni V, Lukomska E, Morant-Manceau A, Bougaran G. Carbon Partitioning and Lipid Remodeling During Phosphorus and Nitrogen Starvation in the Marine Microalga Diacronema lutheri (Haptophyta). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:908-922. [PMID: 32215912 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The domesticated marine microalga Diacronema lutheri is of great interest for producing various highly valuable molecules like lipids, particularly long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). In this study, we investigated the impact of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) starvation on growth, carbon fixation (photosynthetic activity) and partitioning, and membrane lipid remodeling in this alga during batch culture. Our results show that the photosynthetic machinery was similarly affected by P and N stress. Under N starvation, we observed a much lower photosynthetic rate and biomass productivity. The degradation and re-use of cellular N-containing compounds contributed to triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation. On the other hand, P-starved cells maintained pigment content and a carbon partitioning pattern more similar to the control, ensuring a high biomass. Betaine lipids constitute the major compounds of non-plastidial membranes, which are rich in eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. Under P and N starvations, EPA was transferred from the recycling of membrane polar lipids, most likely contributing to TAG accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Huang
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (IUML - FR 3473 CNRS), UFR Sciences et Techniques, Le Man Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 09, France
| | - Virginie Mimouni
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (IUML - FR 3473 CNRS), IUT de Laval, Département Génie Biologique, Le Mans Université, 52 rue des Docteurs Calmette et Guérin, 53020, Laval Cedex 9, France
| | - Ewa Lukomska
- Laboratoire Physiologie et Biotechnologie des Algues, IFREMER, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes Cedex 03, France
| | - Annick Morant-Manceau
- Laboratoire Mer, Molécules, Santé (IUML - FR 3473 CNRS), UFR Sciences et Techniques, Le Man Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085, Le Mans Cedex 09, France
| | - Gaël Bougaran
- Laboratoire Physiologie et Biotechnologie des Algues, IFREMER, rue de l'Ile d'Yeu, BP 21105, 44311, Nantes Cedex 03, France
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27
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Surviving Starvation: Proteomic and Lipidomic Profiling of Nutrient Deprivation in the Smallest Known Free-Living Eukaryote. Metabolites 2020; 10:metabo10070273. [PMID: 32635273 PMCID: PMC7407893 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10070273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine phytoplankton, comprising cyanobacteria, micro- and pico-algae are key to photosynthesis, oxygen production and carbon assimilation on Earth. The unicellular green picoalga Ostreococcus tauri holds a key position at the base of the green lineage of plants, which makes it an interesting model organism. O. tauri has adapted to survive in low levels of nitrogen and phosphorus in the open ocean and also during rapid changes in the levels of these nutrients in coastal waters. In this study, we have employed untargeted proteomic and lipidomic strategies to investigate the molecular responses of O. tauri to low-nitrogen and low-phosphorus environments. In the absence of external nitrogen, there was an elevation in the expression of ammonia and urea transporter proteins together with an accumulation of triglycerides. In phosphate-limiting conditions, the expression levels of phosphokinases and phosphate transporters were increased, indicating an attempt to maximise scavenging opportunities as opposed to energy conservation conditions. The production of betaine lipids was also elevated, highlighting a shift away from phospholipid metabolism. This finding was supported by the putative identification of betaine synthase in O. tauri. This work offers additional perspectives on the complex strategies that underpin the adaptive processes of the smallest known free-living eukaryote to alterations in environmental conditions.
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28
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Alexander H, Rouco M, Haley ST, Dyhrman ST. Transcriptional response of
Emiliania huxleyi
under changing nutrient environments in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:1847-1860. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Alexander
- Biology Department Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole MA 02543 USA
| | - Mónica Rouco
- Biology and Paleo Environment Division, Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia University Palisades NY 10964 USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Columbia University Palisades NY 10964 USA
| | - Sheean T. Haley
- Biology and Paleo Environment Division, Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia University Palisades NY 10964 USA
| | - Sonya T. Dyhrman
- Biology and Paleo Environment Division, Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia University Palisades NY 10964 USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Columbia University Palisades NY 10964 USA
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29
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Hidayati NA, Yamada‐Oshima Y, Iwai M, Yamano T, Kajikawa M, Sakurai N, Suda K, Sesoko K, Hori K, Obayashi T, Shimojima M, Fukuzawa H, Ohta H. Lipid remodeling regulator 1 (LRL1) is differently involved in the phosphorus-depletion response from PSR1 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:610-626. [PMID: 31350858 PMCID: PMC6899820 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The elucidation of lipid metabolism in microalgae has attracted broad interest, as their storage lipid, triacylglycerol (TAG), can be readily converted into biofuel via transesterification. TAG accumulates in the form of oil droplets, especially when cells undergo nutrient deprivation, such as for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), or sulfur (S). TAG biosynthesis under N-deprivation has been comprehensively studied in the model microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, during which TAG accumulates dramatically. However, the resulting rapid breakdown of chlorophyll restricts overall oil yield productivity and causes cessation of cell growth. In contrast, P-deprivation results in oil accumulation without disrupting chloroplast integrity. We used a reverse genetics approach based on co-expression analysis to identify a transcription factor (TF) that is upregulated under P-depleted conditions. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the mutants showed repression of genes typically associated with lipid remodeling under P-depleted conditions, such as sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol 2 (SQD2), diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGTT1), and major lipid droplet protein (MLDP). As accumulation of sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol and TAG were suppressed in P-depleted mutants, we designated the protein as lipid remodeling regulator 1 (LRL1). LRL1 mutants showed slower growth under P-depletion. Moreover, cell size in the mutant was significantly reduced, and TAG and starch accumulation per cell were decreased. Transcriptomic analysis also suggested the repression of several genes typically upregulated in adaptation to P-depletion that are associated with the cell cycle and P and lipid metabolism. Thus, our analysis of LRL1 provides insights into P-allocation and lipid remodeling under P-depleted conditions in C. reinhardtii. OPEN RESEARCH BADGES: This article has earned an Open Data Badge for making publicly available the digitally-shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The sequencing data were made publicly available under the BioProject Accession number PRJDB6733 and an accession number LC488724 at the DNA Data Bank of Japan (DDBJ). The data is available at https://trace.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/BPSearch/bioproject?acc=PRJDB6733; http://getentry.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/getentry/na/LC488724. The metabolome data were made publicly available and can be accessed at http://metabolonote.kazusa.or.jp/SE195:/; http://webs2.kazusa.or.jp/data/nur/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur A. Hidayati
- Graduate School of Bioscience and BiotechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259‐B‐65 Nagatsuta‐cho, Midori‐kuYokohama226‐8501Japan
| | - Yui Yamada‐Oshima
- Graduate School of Bioscience and BiotechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259‐B‐65 Nagatsuta‐cho, Midori‐kuYokohama226‐8501Japan
| | - Masako Iwai
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259‐B‐65 Nagatsuta‐cho, Midori‐kuYokohama226‐8501Japan
| | - Takashi Yamano
- Graduate School of BiostudiesKyoto UniversityKyoto606‐8502Japan
| | | | - Nozomu Sakurai
- Technology DevelopmentKazusa DNA Research InstituteKazusa‐kamatari 2‐6‐7KisarazuChiba292‐0818Japan
- Present address:
National Institute of Genetics Bioinformation & DDBJ Center1111 YataMishimaShizuoka411‐8540Japan
| | - Kunihiro Suda
- Technology DevelopmentKazusa DNA Research InstituteKazusa‐kamatari 2‐6‐7KisarazuChiba292‐0818Japan
| | - Kanami Sesoko
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259‐B‐65 Nagatsuta‐cho, Midori‐kuYokohama226‐8501Japan
| | - Koichi Hori
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259‐B‐65 Nagatsuta‐cho, Midori‐kuYokohama226‐8501Japan
| | - Takeshi Obayashi
- Graduate School of Information SciencesTohoku University6‐3‐09, Aramaki‐Aza‐Aoba, Aoba‐kuSendai980‐8679Japan
| | - Mie Shimojima
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259‐B‐65 Nagatsuta‐cho, Midori‐kuYokohama226‐8501Japan
| | - Hideya Fukuzawa
- Graduate School of BiostudiesKyoto UniversityKyoto606‐8502Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ohta
- School of Life Science and TechnologyTokyo Institute of Technology4259‐B‐65 Nagatsuta‐cho, Midori‐kuYokohama226‐8501Japan
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Liang J, Iqbal S, Wen F, Tong M, Liu J. Phosphorus-Induced Lipid Class Alteration Revealed by Lipidomic and Transcriptomic Profiling in Oleaginous Microalga Nannochloropsis sp. PJ12. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17090519. [PMID: 31484443 PMCID: PMC6780086 DOI: 10.3390/md17090519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytoplankton are primary producers in the marine ecosystem, where phosphorus is often a limiting factor of their growth. Hence, they have evolved strategies to recycle phosphorus by replacing membrane phospholipids with phosphorus-free lipids. However, mechanisms for replacement of lipid classes remain poorly understood. To improve our understanding, we performed the lipidomic and transcriptomic profiling analyses of an oleaginous marine microalga Nannochloropsis sp. PJ12 in response to phosphorus depletion (PD) and replenishing. In this study, by using (liquid chromatography couple with tandem mass spectrometry) LC-MS/MS-based lipidomic analysis, we show that membrane phospholipid levels are significantly reduced upon PD, while phosphorus-free betaine lipid levels are increased. However, levels of phosphorus-free photosynthetic galactolipid and sulfolipid are not increased upon PD, consistent with the reduced photosynthetic activity. RNA-seq-based transcriptomic analysis indicates that enzymes involved in phospholipid recycling and phosphorus-free lipid synthesis are upregulated, supporting the lipidomic analysis. Furthermore, enzymes involved in FASII (type II fatty acid synthesis) elongation cycle upon PD are transcriptionally downregulated. EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) level decrease upon PD is revealed by both GC-MS (gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry) and LC-MS/MS-based lipidomic analyses. PD-induced alteration is reversed after phosphorus replenishing. Taken together, our results suggest that the alteration of lipid classes upon environmental change of phosphorus is a result of remodeling rather than de novo synthesis in Nannochloropsis sp. PJ12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibei Liang
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
| | - Sunya Iqbal
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Fang Wen
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Mengmeng Tong
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316000, China.
| | - Jianhua Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China.
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Huang B, Marchand J, Thiriet-Rupert S, Carrier G, Saint-Jean B, Lukomska E, Moreau B, Morant-Manceau A, Bougaran G, Mimouni V. Betaine lipid and neutral lipid production under nitrogen or phosphorus limitation in the marine microalga Tisochrysis lutea (Haptophyta). ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Meng Y, Cao X, Yang M, Liu J, Yao C, Xue S. Glycerolipid remodeling triggered by phosphorous starvation and recovery in Nannochloropsis oceanica. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fraser MW, Gleeson DB, Grierson PF, Laverock B, Kendrick GA. Metagenomic Evidence of Microbial Community Responsiveness to Phosphorus and Salinity Gradients in Seagrass Sediments. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1703. [PMID: 30105009 PMCID: PMC6077243 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sediment microorganisms can have profound influence on productivity and functioning of marine ecosystems through their critical roles in regulating biogeochemical processes. However, the identity of sediment microorganisms that mediate organic matter turnover and nutrient cycling in seagrass sediments is only poorly understood. Here, we used metagenomic sequencing to investigate shifts in the structure and functioning of the microbial community of seagrass sediments across a salinity and phosphorus (P) availability gradient in Shark Bay, WA, Australia. This iconic ecosystem is oligotrophic and hypersaline with abundant seagrass meadows that directly contribute Shark Bay's status as a World Heritage Site. We show that sediment phosphonate metabolism genes as well as enzyme activities increase in hypersaline conditions with lower soluble reactive phosphate in the water column. Given that sediment organic P content is also highest where P concentrations in the water column are low, we suggest that microbial processing of organic P can contribute to the P requirements of seagrasses at particularly oligotrophic sites. Seagrass meadows are often highly productive in oligotrophic waters, and our findings suggest that an increase in the functional capacity of microbial communities in seagrass sediments to break down organic P may contribute to the high productivity of seagrass meadows under oligotrophic conditions. When compared to soil and sediment metagenomes from other aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, we also show microbial communities in seagrass sediments have a disproportionately high abundance of putative phosphorus and sulfur metabolism genes, which may have played an important evolutionary role in allowing these angiosperms to recolonize the marine environment and prosper under oligotrophic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Fraser
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Deirdre B. Gleeson
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Pauline F. Grierson
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
| | - Bonnie Laverock
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Gary A. Kendrick
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
- Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia
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Avin-Wittenberg T, Baluška F, Bozhkov PV, Elander PH, Fernie AR, Galili G, Hassan A, Hofius D, Isono E, Le Bars R, Masclaux-Daubresse C, Minina EA, Peled-Zehavi H, Coll NS, Sandalio LM, Satiat-Jeunemaitre B, Sirko A, Testillano PS, Batoko H. Autophagy-related approaches for improving nutrient use efficiency and crop yield protection. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1335-1353. [PMID: 29474677 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is a eukaryotic catabolic pathway essential for growth and development. In plants, it is activated in response to environmental cues or developmental stimuli. However, in contrast to other eukaryotic systems, we know relatively little regarding the molecular players involved in autophagy and the regulation of this complex pathway. In the framework of the COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) action TRANSAUTOPHAGY (2016-2020), we decided to review our current knowledge of autophagy responses in higher plants, with emphasis on knowledge gaps. We also assess here the potential of translating the acquired knowledge to improve crop plant growth and development in a context of growing social and environmental challenges for agriculture in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Avin-Wittenberg
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Frantisek Baluška
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter V Bozhkov
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pernilla H Elander
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Gad Galili
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot Israel
| | - Ammar Hassan
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, University of Bonn, Kirschallee, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Hofius
- Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center of Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Erika Isono
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Romain Le Bars
- Cell Biology Pôle Imagerie-Gif, Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Céline Masclaux-Daubresse
- INRA-AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318, ERL CNRS 3559, Saclay Plant Sciences, Versailles, France
| | - Elena A Minina
- Department of Molecular Sciences, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hadas Peled-Zehavi
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot Israel
| | - Núria S Coll
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB), Bellaterra-Cerdanyola del Valles, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Luisa M Sandalio
- Departmento de Bioquímica, Biología Celular y Molecular de Plantas Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | - Béatrice Satiat-Jeunemaitre
- Cell Biology Pôle Imagerie-Gif, Institute of Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Agnieszka Sirko
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Pawinskiego, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pilar S Testillano
- Pollen Biotechnology of Crop Plants group, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Biological Research Centre (CIB), CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu, Madrid, Spain
| | - Henri Batoko
- Université Catholique de Louvain, Institute of Life Sciences, Croix du Sud, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Lipidomics of Thalassiosira pseudonana under Phosphorus Stress Reveal Underlying Phospholipid Substitution Dynamics and Novel Diglycosylceramide Substitutes. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.02034-17. [PMID: 29305510 PMCID: PMC5835749 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02034-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytoplankton replace phosphorus-containing lipids (P-lipids) with non-P analogues, boosting growth in P-limited oceans. In the model diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana, the substitution dynamics of lipid headgroups are well described, but those of the individual lipids, differing in fatty acid composition, are unknown. Moreover, the behavior of lipids outside the common headgroup classes and the relationship between lipid substitution and cellular particulate organic P (POP) have yet to be reported. We investigated these through the mass spectrometric lipidomics of P-replete (P+) and P-depleted (P-) T. pseudonana cultures. Nonlipidic POP was depleted rapidly by the initiation of P stress, followed by the cessation of P-lipid biosynthesis and per-cell reductions in the P-lipid levels of successive generations. Minor P-lipid degradative breakdown was observed, releasing P for other processes, but most P-lipids remained intact. This may confer an advantage on efficient heterotrophic lipid consumers in P-limited oceans. Glycerophosphatidylcholine (PC), the predominant P-lipid, was similar in composition to its betaine substitute lipid. During substitution, PC was less abundant per cell and was more highly unsaturated in composition. This may reflect underlying biosynthetic processes or the regulation of membrane biophysical properties subject to lipid substitution. Finally, levels of several diglycosylceramide lipids increased as much as 10-fold under P stress. These represent novel substitute lipids and potential biomarkers for the study of P limitation in situ, contributing to growing evidence highlighting the importance of sphingolipids in phycology. These findings contribute much to our understanding of P-lipid substitution, a powerful and widespread adaptation to P limitation in the oligotrophic ocean.IMPORTANCE Unicellular organisms replace phosphorus (P)-containing membrane lipids with non-P substitutes when P is scarce, allowing greater growth of populations. Previous research with the model diatom species Thalassiosira pseudonana grouped lipids by polar headgroups in their chemical structures. The significance of the research reported here is threefold. (i) We described the individual lipids within the headgroups during P-lipid substitution, revealing the relationships between lipid headgroups and hinting at the underlying biochemical processes. (ii) We measured total cellular P, placing P-lipid substitution in the context of the broader response to P stress and yielding insight into the implications of substitution in the marine environment. (iii) We identified lipids previously unknown in this system, revealing a new type of non-P substitute lipid, which is potentially useful as a biomarker for the investigation of P limitation in the ocean.
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Ren P, Meng Y, Li B, Ma X, Si E, Lai Y, Wang J, Yao L, Yang K, Shang X, Wang H. Molecular Mechanisms of Acclimatization to Phosphorus Starvation and Recovery Underlying Full-Length Transcriptome Profiling in Barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:500. [PMID: 29720989 PMCID: PMC5915550 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
A lack of phosphorus (P) in plants can severely constrain growth and development. Barley, one of the earliest domesticated crops, is extensively planted in poor soil around the world. To date, the molecular mechanisms of enduring low phosphorus, at the transcriptional level, in barley are still unclear. In the present study, two different barley genotypes (GN121 and GN42)-with contrasting phosphorus efficiency-were used to reveal adaptations to low phosphorus stress, at three time points, at the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and transcriptome level. GN121 growth was less affected by phosphorus starvation and recovery than that of GN42. The biomass and inorganic phosphorus concentration of GN121 and GN42 declined under the low phosphorus-induced stress and increased after recovery with normal phosphorus. However, the range of these parameters was higher in GN42 than in GN121. Subsequently, a more complete genome annotation was obtained by correcting with the data sequenced on Illumina HiSeq X 10 and PacBio RSII SMRT platform. A total of 6,182 and 5,270 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in GN121 and GN42, respectively. The majority of these DEGs were involved in phosphorus metabolism such as phospholipid degradation, hydrolysis of phosphoric enzymes, sucrose synthesis, phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and post-transcriptional regulation; expression of these genes was significantly different between GN121 and GN42. Specifically, six and seven DEGs were annotated as phosphorus transporters in roots and leaves, respectively. Furthermore, a putative model was constructed relying on key metabolic pathways related to phosphorus to illustrate the higher phosphorus efficiency of GN121 compared to GN42 under low phosphorus conditions. Results from this study provide a multi-transcriptome database and candidate genes for further study on phosphorus use efficiency (PUE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Panrong Ren
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yaxiong Meng
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Baochun Li
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaole Ma
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Erjing Si
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yong Lai
- Department of Agriculture and Forestry, College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lirong Yao
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xunwu Shang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huajun Wang
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science/Gansu Key Lab of Crop Improvement and Germplasm Enhancement, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Huajun Wang
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Transcriptomic and microRNAomic profiling reveals multi-faceted mechanisms to cope with phosphate stress in a dinoflagellate. ISME JOURNAL 2017; 11:2209-2218. [PMID: 28548660 DOI: 10.1038/ismej.2017.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although gene regulation can occur at both transcriptional and epigenetic (microRNA) levels, combined transcriptomic and microRNAomic responses to environmental stress are still largely unexplored for marine plankton. Here, we conducted transcriptome and microRNAome sequencing for Prorocentrum donghaiense to understand the molecular mechanisms by which this dinoflagellate copes with phosphorus (P) deficiency. Under P-depleted conditions, G1/S specific cyclin gene was markedly downregulated, consistent with growth inhibition, and genes related to dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) hydrolysis, carbon fixation, nitrate assimilation, glycolysis, and cellular motility were upregulated. The elevated expression of ATP-generating genes (for example, rhodopsin) and ATP-consuming genes suggests some metabolic reconfiguration towards accelerated ATP recycling under P deficiency. MicroRNAome sequencing revealed 17 microRNAs, potentially regulating 3268 protein-coding genes. Functional enrichment analysis of these microRNA-targeted genes predicted decreases in sulfatide (sulfolipid) catabolism under P deficiency. Strikingly, we detected a significant increase in sulfolipid sulfatide content (but not in sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol content) and its biosynthesis gene expression, indicating a different sulfolipid-substituting-phospholipid mechanism in this dinoflagellate than other phytoplankters studied previously. Taken together, our integrative transcriptomic and microRNAomic analyses show that enhanced DOP utilization, accelerated ATP cycling and repressed sulfolipid degradation constitute a comprehensive strategy to cope with P deficiency in a model dinoflagellate.
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McFarlin BK, Gary MA. Flow cytometry what you see matters: Enhanced clinical detection using image-based flow cytometry. Methods 2016; 112:1-8. [PMID: 27620330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Image-based flow cytometry combines the throughput of traditional flow cytometry with the ability to visually confirm findings and collect novel data that would not be possible otherwise. Since image-based flow cytometry borrows measurement parameters and analysis techniques from microscopy, it is possible to collect unique measures (i.e. nuclear translocation, co-localization, cellular synapse, cellular endocytosis, etc.) that would not be possible with traditional flow cytometry. The ability to collect unique outcomes has led many researchers to develop novel assays for the monitoring and detection of a variety of clinical conditions and diseases. In many cases, investigators have innovated and expanded classical assays to provide new insight regarding clinical conditions and chronic disease. Beyond human clinical applications, image-based flow cytometry has been used to monitor marine biology changes, nano-particles for solar cell production, and particle quality in pharmaceuticals. This review article summarizes work from the major scientists working in the field of image-based flow cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian K McFarlin
- University of North Texas, Applied Physiology Laboratory, United States; University of North Texas, Department of Biological Sciences, United States.
| | - Melody A Gary
- University of North Texas, Applied Physiology Laboratory, United States
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Brandsma J. Phytoplankton phenotype plasticity induced by phosphorus starvation may play a significant role in marine microbial ecology and biogeochemistry. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2016; 211:765-766. [PMID: 27397523 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joost Brandsma
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK
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