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Zhang H, Song C, Shen Z, Wang X, Zhu Y, Lou M, Wu Z, Song R, Song B. Design, Synthesis and Proteomics-Based Analysis of Novel Triazinone Derivatives Containing Amide Structures as Safer Protoporphyrinogen IX Oxidase Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18378-18390. [PMID: 39109514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Resistant weeds severely threaten crop yields as they compete with crops for resources required for survival. Trifludimoxazin, a protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO) inhibitor, can effectively control resistant weeds. However, its crop safety record is unsatisfactory. Consequently, a scaffold-hopping strategy is employed in this study to develop a series of new triazinone derivatives featuring an amide structure. Most compounds depicted excellent herbicidal activity across a broad spectrum at 37.5-150 g ai/ha, among which (R)-I-5 was equivalent to flumioxazin. (R)-I-5 demonstrated significant crop tolerance to rice and wheat, even at 150 g ai/ha. (R)-I-5 exhibited superior pharmacokinetic features compared to flumioxazin and trifludimoxazin. This was depicted by the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity predictions. Notably, proteomics-based analysis was applied for the first time to investigate variations among plant proteins before and after herbicide application, shedding light on the conservative and divergent roles of PPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Changxiong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhongjie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaoguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yunying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Mingshu Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zengxue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Runjiang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Baoan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Li Y, Liu Y, Ran G, Yu Y, Zhou Y, Zhu Y, Du Y, Pi L. The pentatricopeptide repeat protein DG1 promotes the transition to bilateral symmetry during Arabidopsis embryogenesis through GUN1-mediated plastid signals. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 244:542-557. [PMID: 39140987 DOI: 10.1111/nph.20056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
During Arabidopsis embryogenesis, the transition of the embryo's symmetry from radial to bilateral between the globular and heart stage is a crucial event, involving the formation of cotyledon primordia and concurrently the establishment of a shoot apical meristem (SAM). However, a coherent framework of how this transition is achieved remains to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the function of DELAYED GREENING 1 (DG1) in Arabidopsis embryogenesis using a newly identified dg1-3 mutant. The absence of chloroplast-localized DG1 in the mutants led to embryos being arrested at the globular or heart stage, accompanied by an expansion of WUSCHEL (WUS) and SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM) expression. This finding pinpoints the essential role of DG1 in regulating the transition to bilateral symmetry. Furthermore, we showed that this regulation of DG1 may not depend on its role in plastid RNA editing. Nevertheless, we demonstrated that the DG1 function in establishing bilateral symmetry is genetically mediated by GENOMES UNCOUPLED 1 (GUN1), which represses the transition process in dg1-3 embryos. Collectively, our results reveal that DG1 functionally antagonizes GUN1 to promote the transition of the Arabidopsis embryo's symmetry from radial to bilateral and highlight the role of plastid signals in regulating pattern formation during plant embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yiqiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Guiping Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yue Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yifan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yuxian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yujuan Du
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Limin Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
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Cao K, Cui Y, Sun F, Zhang H, Fan J, Ge B, Cao Y, Wang X, Zhu X, Wei Z, Yao Q, Ma J, Wang Y, Meng C, Gao Z. Metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies for producing high-value natural pigments in Microalgae. Biotechnol Adv 2023; 68:108236. [PMID: 37586543 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2023.108236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are microorganisms capable of producing bioactive compounds using photosynthesis. Microalgae contain a variety of high value-added natural pigments such as carotenoids, phycobilins, and chlorophylls. These pigments play an important role in many areas such as food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Natural pigments have a health value that is unmatched by synthetic pigments. However, the current commercial production of natural pigments from microalgae is not able to meet the growing market demand. The use of metabolic engineering and synthetic biological strategies to improve the production performance of microalgal cell factories is essential to promote the large-scale production of high-value pigments from microalgae. This paper reviews the health and economic values, the applications, and the synthesis pathways of microalgal pigments. Overall, this review aims to highlight the latest research progress in metabolic engineering and synthetic biology in constructing engineered strains of microalgae with high-value pigments and the application of CRISPR technology and multi-omics in this context. Finally, we conclude with a discussion on the bottlenecks and challenges of microalgal pigment production and their future development prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China; School of Life Sciences and medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Yulin Cui
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Fengjie Sun
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Georgia Gwinnett College, Lawrenceville, GA 30043, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jianhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Baosheng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Yujiao Cao
- School of Foreign Languages, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255090, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China; School of Life Sciences and medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Zuoxi Wei
- School of Life Sciences and medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China
| | - Qingshou Yao
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jinju Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Chunxiao Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
| | - Zhengquan Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China.
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Ji S, Grimm B, Wang P. Chloroplast SRP43 and SRP54 independently promote thermostability and membrane binding of light-dependent protochlorophyllide oxidoreductases. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1583-1598. [PMID: 37269173 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase (POR), which converts protochlorophyllide into chlorophyllide, is the only light-dependent enzyme in chlorophyll biosynthesis. While its catalytic reaction and importance for chloroplast development are well understood, little is known about the post-translational control of PORs. Here, we show that cpSRP43 and cpSRP54, two components of the chloroplast signal recognition particle pathway, play distinct roles in optimizing the function of PORB, the predominant POR isoform in Arabidopsis. The chaperone cpSRP43 stabilizes the enzyme and provides appropriate amounts of PORB during leaf greening and heat shock, whereas cpSRP54 enhances its binding to the thylakoid membrane, thereby ensuring adequate levels of metabolic flux in late chlorophyll biosynthesis. Furthermore, cpSRP43 and the DnaJ-like protein CHAPERONE-LIKE PROTEIN of POR1 concurrently act to stabilize PORB. Overall, these findings enhance our understanding of the coordinating role of cpSPR43 and cpSRP54 in the post-translational control of chlorophyll synthesis and assembly of photosynthetic chlorophyll-binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiling Ji
- Institute of Biology/Plant Physiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr.13, Building 12, 10099, Berlin, Germany
- School of Life Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetic Regulation and Integrative Biology, Central China Normal University, 430079, Wuhan, China
| | - Bernhard Grimm
- Institute of Biology/Plant Physiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr.13, Building 12, 10099, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Biology/Plant Physiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philippstr.13, Building 12, 10099, Berlin, Germany
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 999077, Hong Kong, China
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Chen B, Wang Z, Jiao M, Zhang J, Liu J, Zhang D, Li Y, Wang G, Ke H, Cui Q, Yang J, Sun Z, Gu Q, Wang X, Wu J, Wu L, Zhang G, Wang X, Ma Z, Zhang Y. Lysine 2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation- and Succinylation-Based Pathways Act Inside Chloroplasts to Modulate Plant Photosynthesis and Immunity. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2301803. [PMID: 37492013 PMCID: PMC10520639 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202301803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Crops must efficiently allocate their limited energy resources to survival, growth and reproduction, including balancing growth and defense. Thus, investigating the underlying molecular mechanism of crop under stress is crucial for breeding. Chloroplasts immunity is an important facet involving in plant resistance and growth, however, whether and how crop immunity modulated by chloroplast is influenced by epigenetic regulation remains unclear. Here, the cotton lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (Khib) and succinylation (Ksuc) modifications are firstly identified and characterized, and discover that the chloroplast proteins are hit most. Both modifications are strongly associated with plant resistance to Verticillium dahliae, reflected by Khib specifically modulating PR and salicylic acid (SA) signal pathway and the identified GhHDA15 and GhSRT1 negatively regulating Verticillium wilt (VW) resistance via removing Khib and Ksuc. Further investigation uncovers that photosystem repair protein GhPSB27 situates in the core hub of both Khib- and Ksuc-modified proteins network. The acylated GhPSB27 regulated by GhHDA15 and GhSRT1 can raise the D1 protein content, further enhancing plant biomass- and seed-yield and disease resistance via increasing photosynthesis and by-products of chloroplast-derived reactive oxygen species (cROS). Therefore, this study reveals a mechanism balancing high disease resistance and high yield through epigenetic regulation of chloroplast protein, providing a novel strategy to crop improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Zhicheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Mengjia Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Yanbin Li
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Guoning Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Huifeng Ke
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Qiuxia Cui
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Zhengwen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Qishen Gu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Xingyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Jinhua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Liqiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Guiyin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Xingfen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Zhiying Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and RegulationNorth China Key Laboratory for Germplasm Resources of Education MinistryHebei Agricultural UniversityBaoding071001China
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Ni J, Song W, Ali NA, Zhang Y, Xing J, Su K, Sun X, Zhao X. The ATP Synthase γ Subunit ATPC1 Regulates RNA Editing in Chloroplasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119203. [PMID: 37298153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA editing is the process of modifying RNA molecules by inserting, deleting, or substituting nucleotides. In flowering plants, RNA editing occurs predominantly in RNAs encoded by the organellar genomes of mitochondria and chloroplasts, and the main type of editing involves the substitution of cytidine with uridine at specific sites. Abnormal RNA editing in plants can affect gene expression, organelle function, plant growth, and reproduction. In this study, we report that ATPC1, the gamma subunit of ATP synthase in Arabidopsis chloroplasts, has an unexpected role in the regulation of editing at multiple sites of plastid RNAs. The loss of function of ATPC1 severely arrests chloroplast development, causing a pale-green phenotype and early seedling lethality. Disruption of ATPC1 increases the editing of matK-640, rps12-i-58, atpH-3'UTR-13210, and ycf2-as-91535 sites while decreasing the editing of rpl23-89, rpoA-200, rpoC1-488, and ndhD-2 sites. We further show that ATPC1 participates in RNA editing by interacting with known multiple-site chloroplast RNA editing factors, including MORFs, ORRM1, and OZ1. The transcriptome in the atpc1 mutant is profoundly affected, with a pattern of defective expression of chloroplast development-related genes. These results reveal that the ATP synthase γ subunit ATPC1 is involved in multiple-site RNA editing in Arabidopsis chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Ni
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wenjian Song
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Nadia Ahmed Ali
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yayi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiani Xing
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Kexing Su
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingxing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Yapa MM, Doroodian P, Gao Z, Yu P, Hua Z. MORF2-mediated plastidial retrograde signaling is involved in stress response and skotomorphogenesis beyond RNA editing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1146922. [PMID: 37056496 PMCID: PMC10086144 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1146922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Retrograde signaling modulates the expression of nuclear genome-encoded organelle proteins to adjust organelle function in response to environmental cues. MULTIPLE ORGANELLAR RNA EDITING FACTOR 2 (MORF2) was initially recognized as a plastidial RNA-editing factor but recently shown to interact with GUN1. Given the central role of GUN1 in chloroplast retrograde signaling and the unviable phenotype of morf2 mutants that is inconsistent with many viable mutants involved in RNA editing, we hypothesized that MORF2 has functions either dosage dependent or beyond RNA editing. Using an inducible Clustered Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat interference (iCRISPRi) approach, we were able to reduce the MORF2 transcripts in a controlled manner. In addition to MORF2-dosage dependent RNA-editing errors, we discovered that reducing MORF2 by iCRISPRi stimulated the expression of stress responsive genes, triggered plastidial retrograde signaling, repressed ethylene signaling and skotomorphogenesis, and increased accumulation of hydrogen peroxide. These findings along with previous discoveries suggest that MORF2 is an effective regulator involved in plastidial metabolic pathways whose reduction can readily activate multiple retrograde signaling molecules possibly involving reactive oxygen species to adjust plant growth. In addition, our newly developed iCRISPRi approach provided a novel genetic tool for quantitative reverse genetics studies on hub genes in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura M. Yapa
- Environmental and Plant Biology Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Paymon Doroodian
- Environmental and Plant Biology Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- Environmental and Plant Biology Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peifeng Yu
- Environmental and Plant Biology Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
| | - Zhihua Hua
- Environmental and Plant Biology Department, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
- Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, United States
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8
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Feng Y, Li Y, Zhao Y, Shi H. Physiological, transcriptome and co-expression network analysis of chlorophyll-deficient mutants in flue-cured tobacco. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:153. [PMID: 36944910 PMCID: PMC10031990 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04169-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photosynthetic pigments in higher plants, including chlorophyll (Chl) and carotenoids, are crucial for photosynthesis and photoprotection. Chl-deficient tobacco seedlings generally have a lower photosynthesis rate and higher nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) content, which causes a profound influence on tobacco yield and quality. In this study, a stable albino leaf mutant (Al) and slight-green leaf mutant (SG) obtained from the common flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cultivar 'Zhongyan 100' (ZY100) by mutagenesis with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) were used as materials. The differences between the Chl-deficient mutants and the wild-type (WT) were analyzed in terms of biomass, photosynthetic fluorescence parameters, and carbon- and nitrogen-related physiological parameters. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were used to explore the key pathways and candidate genes regulating differentiated chlorophyll and nitrate content. RESULTS The results showed that, when compared to the WT, the Chl content and biomass of mutant plants were considerably lower while the NO3-N content was substantially elevated. The net photosynthetic rate, photosynthetic fluorescence parameters, carbohydrate, soluble protein, and carbon- and nitrogen-related enzyme activities all decreased in leaves of mutants and the development of chloroplasts was abnormal. Applying more nitrogen improved the growth and development of mutants, whereas NO3-N content distinctively increased compared with that of the WT. Through transcriptome sequencing, the downregulated genes in mutants were enriched in plant hormone signal transduction and nitrogen metabolism, which are involved in pigment biosynthesis and the carbon fixation pathway. In addition, two hub genes and seven transcription factors identified from the blue module through WGCNA were likely to be key candidate factors involved in chlorophyll synthesis and nitrate accumulation. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrated that differences in chlorophyll and nitrate content were caused by the combined effects of chloroplast development, photosynthesis, as well as related biological activity. In addition, transcriptome results provide a bioinformatics resource for further functional identification of key pathways and genes responsible for differences in chlorophyll and nitrate content in tobacco plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Feng
- College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yujing Li
- College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Shi
- College of Tobacco, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, P. R. China.
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9
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Zha G, Yin J, Cheng F, Song M, Zhang M, Obel HO, Wang Y, Chen J, Lou Q. Fine mapping of CscpFtsY, a gene conferring the yellow leaf phenotype in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:570. [PMID: 36471240 PMCID: PMC9724417 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03922-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leaf color mutants are ideal materials to study pigment metabolism and photosynthesis. Leaf color variations are mainly affected by chlorophylls (Chls) and carotenoid contents and chloroplast development in higher plants. However, the regulation of chlorophyll metabolism remains poorly understood in many plant species. The chloroplast signal-recognition particle system is responsible for the insertion of the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b proteins (LHCPs) to thylakoid membranes, which controls the chloroplast development as well as the regulation of Chls biosynthesis post-translationally in higher plants. RESULTS In this study, the yellow leaf cucumber mutant, named yl, was found in an EMS-induced mutant library, which exhibited a significantly reduced chlorophyll content, abnormal chloroplast ultrastructure and decreased photosynthetic capacity. Genetic analysis demonstrated that the phenotype of yl was controlled by a recessive nuclear gene. Using BSA-seq technology combined with the map-based cloning method, we narrowed the locus to a 100 kb interval in chromosome 3. Linkage analysis and allelism test validated the candidate SNP residing in CsaV3_3G009150 encoding one homolog of chloroplast signal-recognition particle (cpSRP) receptor in Arabidopsis, cpFtsY, could be responsible for the yellow leaf phenotype of yl. The relative expression of CscpFtsY was significantly down-regulated in different organs except for the stem, of yl compared with that in the wild type (WT). Subcellular localization result showed that CscpFtsY located in the chloroplasts of mesophyll cells. CONCLUSIONS The yl mutant displayed Chls-deficient, impaired chloroplast ultrastructure with intermittent grana stacks and significantly decreased photosynthetic capacity. The isolation of CscpFtsY in cucumber could accelerate the progress on chloroplast development by cpSRP-dependant LHCP delivery system and regulation of Chls biosynthesis in a post-translational way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaohui Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street No.1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Juan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street No.1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Feng Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street No.1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Mengfei Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street No.1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Mengru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street No.1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Hesbon Ochieng Obel
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street No.1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street No.1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street No.1, Nanjing, 210095 China
| | - Qunfeng Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang Street No.1, Nanjing, 210095 China
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